Isicabucabu esigaxa ophuzi
I-chelicerae yabesifazane I-chectacanthium punctorium
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi

I-chectacanthium punctorium
(Viller [en] *, 1789)

• I-anyphaena virx
• I-Aranea punctoria Viller, 1789
• U-Aranea natix Walckenaer, 1802
• Cheiracanthium italicum
  ICanestrini nePavesi, 1868
• I-Cheiracanthium natix
• I-Clubiona natix
• UDrassus maxillosus Wider, ngo-1834

Isicabucabu esigaxa ophuzi (lat. Cheiracanthium punctorium) - uhlobo lwesigcawu esivela kuhlobo Cheiracanthium .

14.09.2018

Isicabucabu esinezitayela eziphuzi (i-Cheiracanthium punctorium) singesomndeni wakwa-Eutichuridae. Kubhekwa njengobuthi kunabo bonke abameleli abangama-25 bohlobo lwe-Heiracantium abahlala eYurophu.

Ukulunywa kwakhe akubulalanga, kepha kungadala ukungahambi kahle komzimba. Izisulu zinobuhlungu obukhulu bokushiswa, ukuvuvukala kwendawo elunywa, ukugeza, isiyezi, ukubanda, umkhuhlane kanye nomfutho wegazi.

Kuwo wonke ama-arachnid aseYurophu, yilezi zinhlobo kuphela nesigcawu sesiliva (i-Argyroneta yasemanzini) ezingaba yingozi empilweni yabantu. Ama-chelicera abo anamandla ayakwazi ukuluma ngesikhumba somuntu futhi angenise ubuthi emzimbeni.

Imvamisa, izimpawu ezibuhlungu ziphela ngemuva kwamahora angama-24-30, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulaliswa esibhedlela kuyadingeka.

Uhlobo lwachazwa okokuqala ngonyaka ka-1789 ngusosayensi wemvelo waseFrance uCharles Joseph de Willer ngaphansi kwegama elithi Aranea punctoria.

Ukubhebhetheka

Izicabucabu ezigxobekile ngokushibilika eziphuzi zivamile esifundeni esiphakathi, eseningizimu nasempumalanga yeYurophu, e-East East naseCentral Asia. Ezwenikazi laseYurophu, ekuqaleni babehlala eningizimu ye-Alps kanye nogu lweMedithera.

Ukufuduka kusuka eningizimu kuya enyakatho nasenyakatho-mpumalanga kuye kwabonakala ikakhulukazi emashumini eminyaka amuva ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.

Njengamanje, le arachnid itholakala kakhulu ePortugal, eSpain, eFrance, eJalimane, eSwitzerland, e-Austria, e-Italy, eSerbia, eRomania, eBulgaria, eGrisi, eTurkey, eGeorgia, e-Afghanistan, eRussia naseAzerbaijan. E-Ukraine, ibonwa endaweni eyi-steppe eningizimu yezwe naseTranscarpathia.

Izicabucabu zihlala ezindaweni ezivulekile ezomile ezinama-biotopes ahlukahlukene. Zikhangwa yizindawo ezinotshani obunotshani obuningi, umhlaba otshaliwe kanye nezihlahla.

Esikhathini esiningi, bahlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama nasezindaweni eziseduze lapho izinhlamvu zikhula khona, ngokuyinhloko umhlanga wasemhlabeni (iCalamagrostis epigejos).

Ukuziphatha

Njengawo wonke ama-heiracanthium, izicabucabu eziphuzi ezibomvu aziluki. Indawo yokuhlala ngamaqabunga kanye nama-inflorescence ezitshalo zikakolweni, lapho akha khona isidleke sesikhashana endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-50-100 ngaphezulu komhlaba. Ngokwayo, luhlobo lwesikhwama sokulala esinezimbobo futhi sisetshenziswa izinsuku eziningana.

Emini, ama-arachnid acasha kuwo, futhi lapho kuqala ubusuku aya ekuzingeleni. Kwesinye isikhathi izinkathazo zenziwa emini phakathi nesikhathi sezulu esinamafu.

Ukudla kuqukethe izinambuzane, iminenke namanye ama-arachnids. Umhlaseli uluma inyamazane yakhe abulale ubuthi. Ama-enzyms aguqula okuphakathi kwawo abe umhluzi onempilo, okuthi ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa spider siphuze ngokuphelele.

Izitha zayo zemvelo ziyizinyoni ezivikelekayo nezidlayo. Ngobungozi obuncane, i-punctorium yaseCheiracanthium izama ukucasha kuleyo minyambi yemifino, futhi ihlasela umhlaseli ngenhloso yokuzivikela. Njengomthetho, abantu baba yizisulu zalo ngesikhathi sokuhlikihla, okuphazamisa insikazi ukuvikela inzalo.

Abantu besilisa abanalo ulaka ikakhulukazi.

Ukuzala

Izidleke zezinsikazi zinezindonga ezinzima futhi eziba denser, futhi ngesikhathi sokuzala zizakhela amagumbi amabili ukuze zelule owesilisa. Kuzo zakha cocoons ngamaqanda, ukukhula kwazo kwenzeka lapho. Masinyane ngemuva kokukhwelana, abesilisa bafa.

Abesifazane bazalela amaqanda ayi-16-30 ukusuka ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti. Ikhukhunathi inamathele neziqu zezitshalo. Ububanzi bawo bungamasentimitha angama-2-5. Izicabucabu zizalwa ngemuva kwenyanga futhi zihlala esidlekeni kuze kube sekupheleni kwesolt yokuqala cishe amasonto amathathu.

Sonke lesi sikhathi, insikazi ivikela kakhulu inzalo yayo kunoma yikuphi ukungena futhi ingadli.

Ngemuva kokuthi i-molt isiqediwe, umama wephula i-cocoon nge-chelicera futhi akhulule inzalo yakhe enkululekweni. Lapho izingane zimshiya, ngokushesha ubulawa ukukhathala esidlekeni sakhe. Izicabucabu zifihle emakhukhuneni amancane, afakwe ekwindla abekwe emacembe nasezimbali ezomile.

Incazelo

Ubude bomzimba besifazane bufika ku-14-15 mm, kanti abesilisa buyi-12mm mm. Isikhala semilenze singama-30- 40 mm. I-chelicera ye-Orange enamathiphu amnyama alingana.

Umbala oyinhloko wangemuva ngotshani ophuzi, ophuzi noma onsundu. I-Cephalothorax i-orange. Isisu simnyama ngemithende e-brownish enwebeka kancane ezinhlangothini. Ingxenye engezansi yesisu imnyama kune engenhla, imilenze iwolintshi futhi imbozwe izinwele ezilinganayo. Imikhakha yazo yesithupha imnyama.

Ama warts e-Arachnoid atholakala kuma-pedipalps. Abesilisa besengxenyeni yomlenze wesithupha banokuhluma okufana ameva.

Abesilisa abavuthiwe ngocansi besicabucabu esimpunga esifushane bafa maphakathi nehlobo, nabesifazane, ngokuya ngezimo zezulu, kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuze kube nguNovemba.

Habitat

EJalimane, lapho kuwukuphela kwesicabucabu esinobuthi "ngokweqiniso," kuyisihlobo esiyivelakancane esitholakala ngamanani amakhulu kuphela esifundeni saseKaiserstuhl, ingxenye eshisa kakhulu yezwe. Ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu okuholela ekwandeni komswakama kanye nemvula encane, le nhlobo isakazekela ezifundeni ezisenyakatho neYurophu, ngokwesibonelo, iye eBrandenburg (eJalimane), lapho isimo sezulu esikhona manje sifana ne-Central Asia steppes, lapho lesi sicabucabu sivame kakhulu khona.

Ukuvela kwalesisigcawu ngo-2018 nango-2019 kubikwa. EBashkortostan, eTatarstan, ikakhulukazi esifundeni i-Almetyevsk, kwaqoshwa amacala okulimala kwezigcawu. Futhi esifundeni saseChelyabinsk ngonyaka ka-2019. Ukuvela kwalesisigcawu eKazakhstan esifundeni saseKaraganda ngonyaka ka-2019 kubikwa. Orenburg 2019 Futhi e-Ukraine (Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporozhye kanye ne-Kiev esifundeni).