Okusajingijolo okuvamile, i-Byturus tomentosus, i-Trixagus sambuci, ibhungane leRaspbeny

IColeoptera (Amabhungane) - IColeoptera

Ibhungane okusajingijolo - inkathazo ye-raspberry: konke okutshaliwe futhi kuyasendle. Kudlula okunye ukudla kuma-cherries, plums, ameva, ama-currants, ama-gooseberry, uphizi, amathambo, amajikijolo, izihlahla ze-apula, ithini lamapheya, umlotha wentaba. Ukuzala kabusha izilimi ezimbili. Ukuthuthuka kuqediwe. Ubhungane kanye nezibungu zobusika enhlabathini. Isizukulwane siba minyaka yonke, ngokwengxenye siyinyama.

Chofoza esithombeni ukwandisa

Min t ukuthuthukiswa (C)+12+13 Ukuzala (ama-PC)30-40 Izizukulwane ngonyaka1 Iqanda (mm)1 I-Larva (mm)6-6,5 Idoli (mm)3,5-4 I-Imago (mm)3,8-6,5

I-Morphology

I-Imago. Isiphazamiso. Ijamo lomzimba linobude obu-oval, umbala we-integument uphuzi ngombala ompunga. Ubude - 3.8-4.3 noma 5-6.5 mm. Isifuba nesisu zimbozwe izinwele ezinde eziphuzi noma ezimpunga ezinikeza umzimba walesi sinambuzane imibala ehlukahlukene. I-Antennae ihlukaniswe iziqephu eziyi-11, zakhiwe iklabhu.

Njengawo wonke amalungu omndeni wakwaMalinnikov (Byturidae), ama-coxae wesinqe ahlukanisiwe, ingxenye yokuqala yemilenze ifushaniswe kakhulu, izindlanzana zenziwe seranced, ingaphezulu likumugqa wezinwele oqhubekayo.

Iqanda. Ijamo linombala obomvu, ophuzi noma mhlophe, cishe bube yi-1 mm.

ULerva emiswe worm ngamabhangqa amathathu emilenze emincane ye-pectoral. Umbala we-integument onsundu okhanyayo noma ophuzi, embozwe izinwele zezinwele ezikhanyayo. Engxenyeni ngayinye ukusuka emuva kunamabala agqamile wombala onsundu. Engxenyeni yesishiyagalolunye yesisu kunemisipha emibili enjengomfanekiso, egojelwe phezulu. Ikhanda libonakala kahle, linombala omnyama. Ubude - 6-6.5 mm.

Idoli umbala omhlophe. Ubude - 3.5-5 mm.

I-Phenology of development (ngezinsuku)

UkuguqulaKugcwele Umjikelezo ogcweleIminyaka engu-1-2 Iqanda (umbungu)8-10 ULervaIzinyanga eziyi-1,5 IdoliCishe inyanga eyi-1 I-ImagoIzinyanga eziyi-10-11

Ibhungane okusajingijolo

Izinambuzane zibangela inkinga enkulu kubalimi. Ukugcina i-berry ethelayo, kufanele wazi ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nezinambuzane eziyingozi. Ibhungane okusajingijolo, i-weevil, i-bug, i-raspberry fly, isimila sesicabucabu singalimaza izihlahla zama-berry. Cabanga incazelo yezinambuzane, izindlela zokulawula, okufanele ukwenze uma ama-raspberries ayizibungu.

Incazelo ye-raspberry Beetle

Isinambuzane esilimaza izihlahla zesithelo berry sibizwa ngokuthi ibhungane le-raspberry. Emvelweni yemvelo, ibhungane okusajingijolo lingahlala emabhasini ama-raspberries asehlathini, kodwa futhi kuyingozi kuma-raspberries ahlukahlukene ekhokho ehlobo.

Isinambuzane esincane singashiya abalimi ngaphandle kwama-raspberries. Kuyadingeka ukubhekana nenkathazo usebenzisa izindlela eziphelele.

Kunzima kakhulu ukuqaphela ukuvela kwebhungane le-raspberry esiteji sokuqala, isinambuzane esincane sinamaskandi kahle. Ihlala emaqabungeni e-raspberry, ibhungane liqala ukubeka amaqanda ezimbali nakumaqanda. Usayizi wesinambuzane esidala ngu-4 mm. Ibhungane linombala onsundu noma ophuzi, umzimba umbozwe ngezinwele ezincane.

Ngemuva kokuzalela, ibhungane okusajingijwimba lifaka amaqanda, okuvela kulo izibungu ngokushesha. Ngokubukeka, afana nesibungu esimhlophe. Zikhula ngobude zize zifike ku-7 mm, isikhumba simbozwe izinwele. Izibungu zidla raspberries ezivuthiwe, ngaleyo ndlela zonakalisa izici zazo zokunambitha nokubukeka okungathengiswa. Uma ama-raspberries eswayithekile futhi eqala ukonakala, khona lapho izihlahla zithinteka ibhungane le-raspberry.

Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, izimbungulu ziyasebenza. Lapho inhlabathi ifudumala ibanga kufika kuma-degree ayi-12, avele aqhume emhlabathini acoshe izihlahla ezi-raspberry. Lapho amahlamvu ekhula, lo bhungane okusajingijolo udla amaqabunga amancanyana. Amabhungane ahamba phansi nasemoyeni; andiza ngokukhululeka esuka ehlathini eya ehlathini. Uma ama-raspberry engakhuli eduzane, khona-ke athuthela ezihlahleni zasengadini.

Okubhaliwe. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda imbali. Ngemuva kwesonto, izibungu ziyaqala, zidle ukudla ama-raspberry. Owesifazane angazalela amaqanda angama-40.

Imbali lapho izibungu zikhula khona ziqala ukufiphala, ziwohloke. Ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5, amacimbi angalimaza isivuno ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kokuba behle bese bangena emhlabathini bajule ngamasentimitha angama-20. Ijikijela emhlabathini, izibungu zivutha, ngonyaka olandelayo ziyadonsa futhi ziphinde zingene ziye phezulu ngenxa yesiphu.

Izindlela zomzabalazo

Indlela ehlanganisiwe isetshenziselwa ukulwa nebhungane le-raspberry. Amabhungane ayingozi ngoba angakwazi ukuqothula isivuno ngokuphelele, futhi kwisizini entsha abuye azophazamisa izitshalo.

Izindlela zemvelo nezamakhemikhali ze-prophylaxis ngokumelene nezinambuzane ezinambuzane ziyasetshenziswa. Uma usebenzisa kuphela amalungiselelo amakhemikhali, lokhu kungahle kube yindlela engasebenzi kahle - isigaxa sizofakwa ubuthi ngamakhemikhali.

Ukusindisa isivuno, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ukuvimbela ukuzalwa kwesinambuzane. Indiza okusajingijolo, silwe nayo:

• Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, amahlahla okusajingijolo ambozwe ngemisebe ye-gauze. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ukuxhumana kwebhungane nezimbali,
• Uma ibhungane le-raspberry latholakala ngenkathi kuqoqwa amajikijolo, khona-ke isivuno sihlanzwa emanzini anosawoti omncane. Izibungu zizokwenqena ziphuma epulpiti, futhi zingaqoqwa,
• Ukugoqa izimbobo ezungeze izihlahla ngezinto ezingezona ezilukiwe. I-Mulch izovikela izibungu ukuthi zingangeni ebusika. Okokwenza i-mulching, i-agrospan, i-spanbond,
• Amabhungane asaba umlotha nomquba. Ukugqoka njalo phezulu nothuli ngomhlabathi kuzosiza ukwethusa inkathazo,
• Izihlahla ezicijayo yisilinganiso esivimbayo ekulweni nezinambuzane,
• Amabhungane adla amaqabunga okusajingijolo. Amahlathi aphathwa nge-Bordeaux ketshezi, lokhu kusiza ukuvikela izifo zesikhunta, kubhebhethekisa ukunambitheka kwamaqabunga,
• IBhungane alibekezeleli inhlabathi enama-acid, ngakho-ke inhlabathi ingafakwa i-acid kusetshenziswa sawdust,
• Entwasahlobo, inhlabathi ezungeze ihlathi iyambiwa, igcwalise iminyombo yebhungane. Udinga ukumba ngokucophelela, kunobungozi bokulimaza izimpande,
• Kunconywa amabhasi ukuthi ahlolwe njalo ngezinambuzane. Uma kutholakala isiphazamisi, kufanele sisuswe kubhakedeni noma ephephandabeni bese sidilizwa. Emahoreni asekuseni nakusihlwa, lo mabhungane we-raspberry uyavilapha, kulula ukuwuqoqa,
• Ukulima inhlabathi ekwindla. Ugcwala uthuli lwentuthu. Ukhula wotshani endaweni lapho ama-raspberries akhula khona kufanele asuswe nezimpande.

Izicubu ze-raspberry ezacile

Izinambuzane

Imbangela yomonakalo wesitshalo ibhungane le-raspberry, elibizwa nangokuthi i-raspberry elivamile (Byturus tomentosus). Naphezu kosayizi wayo omncane (4-6 mm), le bug grey ibomvu ilimaza kakhulu ama-raspberries. Ikhiqiza inzalo eningi futhi emile ngokweqile, ethi lapho sekuvunwa ibe nesikhathi sokonakalisa ingxenye enkulu yamajikijolo, nangokwenza okuningi - kunciphisa ngokuphelele umlimi wegadi okukhona.

Ibhungane okusajingijolo

Amajikijolo aqala ukungaziphathi kahle kakade ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi lapho inhlabathi ifudumala ifinyelela ku-10. + 12 ° C. Okokuqala, bagcwalisa isisu ngamahlamvu amasha nompe wezitshalo zokuqala eziqhakazayo, bakhetha ukhula. Kodwa-ke, amabhungane awazideleli izitshalo ezitshaliwe: izinambuzane zilimaza amaqabunga, amaqabunga nezimbali zezihlahla zeapula, amapharele, amaplamu, ama-cherries, ama-currants, njll.

Ku-dessert, inkathazo ishiya ama-raspberries akho owathandayo. Izinyoni zithutha ziye ezihlahleni bese zidla amaqabunga amancane, bese zidlulela ekubekeni amaqanda. Owesifazane ubeka iqanda elilodwa e-raspberry buds noma esibelethweni esincane, futhi esikhathini esifushane uyakwazi ukuphatha izingcezu ezifika ku-50. Cishe ziyizi-6 mm ubude izibungu ezivela kubo, eziqala ngokushesha ukudla uginindela wamajikijolo.

Isibungu se-raspberry sebenzile. Izithombe ezisuka ku-vechorka.ru

Ukondla izibungu kuyaqhubeka izinyanga eziyi-1.5, ngakho abalimi bavame ukuzithatha ngokungamangalanga lapho sekuvunwa. Ungathola amajikijolo ngaphandle kwezibungu, kepha ngezibonakaliso zomsebenzi wawo wakamuva - izithelo ezinjalo zivame ukubola esihlahleni, kuphindeke kube zincane futhi zimbi.

Lapho sezondliwe, izibungu zishiya izithelo ezonakele bese zingena emhlabathini oseceleni kwezihlahla kuya ekujuleni kuka-5-20 cm, lapho zidonsa khona futhi “zivuthwe” - ekugcineni kwehlobo noma ngoSepthemba ziphenduka zibe mabhungane abasha. Lezo, zihlala ebusika emhlabathini, futhi intwasahlobo elandelayo zinika inzalo elandelayo izinambuzane.

Amasu we-Agrotechnical

Ngaphambi kokuqala emgqeni wempi ngebhungane le-raspberry, bheka embhedeni wakho ngama-raspberries - ingabe awugqinsi kakhulu? Kusukela ekwindla nasentwasahlobo ukugaya kwenhlabathi phakathi kwemigqa yejikijolo, kanye nokuvulwa kwenhlabathi okuhlala kuyo izihlahla kunganciphisa kakhulu isibalo sezibungu ezifundayo namabhungane amancane, unakekele ukufakwa kwezinqubo ezinjalo futhi uqale unciphise ukutshala ama-raspberries.

Izihlahla ezicijile zenza kube lula ukutshala

Ngaphambi nje kokuqhakaza, lapho amabhungane eqala ukuhambisa i-en masse kuma-raspberry bush, asakaze i-tarp, ifilimu noma enye into engaphansi kwawo, bese anikine amagatsha ngamandla. Balahlekelwe ukulinganisela kwabo futhi babulale izinambuzane ziqoqe futhi zichithe. Izakhamizi ezithile zasehlobo, ezinesikhathi samahhala, zimboza ngothando ama-raspberry ngezinto ezibonakalayo ezikhanyayo ezingasokiwe kungekudala ngaphambi kokuba iziqalo ziqale ukwakha zisuse indawo yazo yokuhlala ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Isithiyo esinjengomshini sinciphisa kakhulu inani "labafiki abasha" futhi sivikele isitshalo esizayo ekulimaleni.

Susa ukhula eduze kwama-raspberries njalo

Ngenkathi, susa ukhula njalo eduze kwesihlahla se-raspberry futhi ngqo ngaphansi kwezihlahla - ngemuva kokuqothuka, amabhungane aqala ukugcwala uhlaza olukhathele. Uma eduze kwemigqa yama-raspberries ngeke kube khona "ukudla" okunjalo, izimbungulu zizowela kwezinye izindawo.
Kwikhathalogi yethu, ehlanganisa ukunikezwa kwezitolo ezahlukahlukene ze-inthanethi engadini, ungathola okunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezifundiswa. Khetha isihlahla sokuthena engadini.

Amakhambi esintu

Ngokusho kwabalimi abanolwazi, ibhungane le-raspberry lilahlekelwa ngumhlaba ngaphansi kwethonya le-mustard powder ejwayelekile. Ngokusekelwe kulo mkhiqizo wesiko wasekhishini, kufanele ulungiselele isisombululo samanzi ayi-10 lamanzi ayi-100 g kafulawa bese uthambisa amahlahla okusajingijolo nawo ngesikhathi sokuqhuma futhi ngokushesha nje lapho amacembe ewa izimbali.

Isixazululo se-mustard sidinga ukucubungula ama-raspberries ngesikhathi sokuhluma futhi ngokushesha ngemuva kokuwa kwama-petals

I-baking soda ayisasebenzi kangako kule ndaba. Ngesisombululo se-soda (i-10 tbsp.spoons nge-10 l lamanzi), i-berry iphathwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuqhakaza - phakathi nesikhathi lapho ama-raspberries alungiselelwe ukubeka kweqanda futhi athuthele ehlathini. Ukuze uthembeke, inqubo iphindwa futhi emva kokuqhakaza kwezitshalo.

Alibekezeleli ibhungane le-raspberry ngephunga le-tansy - ukufafaza i-berry nge-decoction ngokususelwa kule imbiza kuzosiza ukuxosha inkathazo emasimini. Njengoba i-tansy iqongelela inani elikhulu lamafutha abalulekile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, kunengqondo ukuqoqa izinto zokusetshenziswa zokwelapha okuzayo (lo mbiza okhula endle uqhakaza kakhulu ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuhlanza) noma uthenge umkhiqizo ophelile ekhemisi.

Njengoba i-tansy iqongelela inani elikhulu lamafutha abalulekile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, kunengqondo ukuqoqa impahla eluhlaza ukwelashwa okuzayo

Amaphakethe ama-2 amakhambi asemithini athululelwa amalitha ama-1-2 amanzi ashisayo bese egcizelela usuku. Ngemuva kwalokho faka ukumnika ngomlilo bese ubilise cishe isigamu sehora. Ngemuva kwalokhu, umhluzi uyahlungwa, ivolumu ishintshwa ibe ngu-10 l bese izihlahla ziyafafazwa ngaphambi nangemva kokuqhakaza. Ngendlela efanayo bakwenza ngotshani babo, besebenzisa utshani obomile obungu-150-200 g (ama-inflorescence ane amahlumela angama-10-15 cm ubude) ngama-10 l wamanzi.

Uthuli kagwayi usezibonakalisile ekulweni nama-raspberries - lesi sinambuzane esingokwemvelo sithengiswa kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezingadi. Ukulungiselela isixazululo esisebenzayo, uthuli lwe-250-300 g uthuli luthululelwa kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi ashisayo bese kwesokunxele ukulufaka izinsuku ezi-2. Ngemuva kwalokho uketshezi onephunga uyahlungwa bese usetshenziselwa ukufafaza izihlahla ezi-raspberry ngasikhathi sinye.

Uthuli kagwayi usezibonakalisile ekulweni nama-raspberries. Izithombe ezisuka ku-ionion.ru

Isidumbu se-raspberry

Ibhungane okusajingijolo: isithombe sezinambuzane

Lesi yiphutha elinomzimba omncane o-oval o-4-4.3 mm ubude. Imbozwe ngokuphelele izinwele ezimpunga neziphuzi. Oda i-Coleoptera (umndeni we-raspberry). Ukubeka amaqanda ezimbali noma esibelethweni esisha se-ovary. Isimo se-elytra esimpunga nge-tint emnyama. Isigaba esigabeni sokuzala sezibungu: kubukeka njengesibungu esifinyelela ku-7 mm ubude. Ama-bristles ayabonakala ngemuva.

Kokubili abadala kanye nezibungu kubangela ukulimala. Inkathazo ikhula esizukulwaneni esisodwa. Ibhungane okusajingijolo kuma-raspberries livela entwasahlobo lokushisa kwenhlabathi lamadigri ayi-12. Uphuma ngaphandle kwawo, athuthele esihlahleni, lapho adla khona amahlamvu, angakaqhakali nezimbali zokhula eziqhakaza. Ikwazi ukundiza, amabhungane athuthela esihlahleni aze esihlahleni. Bacekela phansi amathambo, ama-imeyli, amajikijolo, i-bird cherry, i-apula, iparele.

Ibhungane lensikazi libeka iqanda ezimbalini, libe nethuba lokuhlehlisa izingcezu ezingama-40 ngesikhathi sokukhula. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10, kuvela izibungu ezinama-spikes ezinobuhlakani. Amakhethini alimaza ama-inflorescence ngokwenza uhamba epulpiti yawo futhi alimaze nesamukeli. Ukuthola isithelo kunzima impela. Ngenxa yalokhu, izithelo ezonakele, ezakhiwe ngaphansi komhlaba ziyakhiwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ayabuna, ayakhubazeka. Izibungu zidla izithelo ezivuthiwe. Lokhu kuqhubeka izinsuku ezingama-40-45, okwathi emva kwalokho ezinye zazo zawela phansi, zawela umjikelezo wokuphila nje, wokudlala unyaka kuphela kamuva, ngo-Agasti. Abanye ubusika ezimpandeni, emhlabathini oswakeme, ovundile, obukhulu bamamitha ayi-0,15-0.20. Kulezi zinganyana abantu abadala bakha ezinsukwini zokuqala zika-Agasti kulo nyaka.

Kulimaza izibungu zezithelo

Ukunaka! Ngokwezibalo, leli bhungane nezibungu zalo, kulimaza amajikijolo, kungabhubhisa kuze kube yingxenye yesitshalo esilindelekile.

Ungalwa kanjani?

Ukuze unciphise ukusakazeka kwezinambuzane emasimini, kunconyelwa ukwenza izindlela zokuvimbela:

• Tshala izakhamzimba ngomanyolo we-organic, umlotha.
• Ukunisela okuhlelekile.
• Thicning amathawula okusajingijolo, ukuqinisekisa ukusakazeka komoya okwanele.
• Kwenzelwa ukuvimba ukwelashwa kwentwasahlobo kwasekuqaleni ngenhlanganisela yeBordeaux (2%).
• Ezinsukwini zokugcina ekwindla, ngemuva kokubhujiswa kukhula olusele, inhlabathi esezimpandeni iyambiwa, kanye namabhungane, izibungu kanye ne-pupae eqoqele ubusika. Ngaphambi kokuba kukhululwe umhlaba, kufafazwa ngothuli lwentuthu.
• Ukuhlangana nge-sponbond "SUF-ks-60. Ukulwa nokhula ”noma ukusikwa kwefilakisi.
• Ungenza i-acidization encane yenhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phatha ungqimba (3-5 cm) we-sawdust ye-coniferous ngaphansi kwesihlahla nge-humate.
• Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kuze kube yilapho ibhungane selisukile, bamba inhlabathi engashonile ngaphandle kokulimaza impande futhi ishebezele iminyuza yamabhungane.
• Ngoba ibhungane ngemuva kokudla lisuthisa ezitshalweni eziqhakazayo; ukusika okusajingijolo akufanele kutshalwe ngaphansi kwamapharele nesihlahla seapula.
• Uma izinambuzane ezibahlasele emithini eselizoqhakaza zitholakala, izinambuzane zidinga ukuthi zizanyazanyiswe kwifilimu esakazayo, iphephandaba. Ngemuva kwalokho shisa noma ubeke emulsion kaphetha wamanzi. Amabhungane aqoqwa ekuseni aze asebenze.
• Ekupheleni kwehlobo, lapho ukuqala kwezimpukane, phatha ingaphezulu komhlaba ngaphansi kwesihlahla somhlume.
• Yenza ukuhlolwa okungapheli kwezihlahla kanye nokuqoqwa kwezandla kwamajikijolo owonakele, anciphile, omisiwe. Badinga ukushiswa.
• Lapho ukuvuna, amajikijolo avuthiwe abekwa ezitsheni ezivalekile, emabhokisini. Izibungu ezinwabuzelayo bese zihlala endaweni evulekile ziyaqoqwa futhi zichithwe.

Izigaba zokukhula kwezinambuzane

Ukunaka! Abanye abalimi ngaphambi kokulwa nebhungane okusajingijolo, faka i-agrofibre, i-gauze, i-nylon. Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa ama-buds kanye nokuvela kwezimbali zokuqala, isihlahla se-raspberry simbozwe ngendwangu yeselula, esivimba ukungena kwesibulala-zinambuzane ezindizayo kuma-inflorescence. Kungemva kokuba kuqhume imbali ecishe ibe yingxenye yamahlumela lapho indwangu isuswe khona.

Intuthuko

I-Imago. Ukuvela kwamabhungane ebusweni entwasahlobo kubonwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ingxenye yokuqala kaMeyi, ekushiseni kwenhlabathi ephezulu ka-12-13 ° C. Ekuqaleni, bathola ukondliwa okwengeziwe nge-nectar kanye ne-anthers yezimbali zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ezitshaliwe nezokhula, kamuva bandiza kuma-raspberry.

Izithelo ze-raspberry kwesinye isikhathi ziqala ngisho nangaphandle kokuqhakaza. Kulokhu, amabhungane adla amaqabunga amancanyana, abese edlulela ezimbali nasezimbali.Basika ama-buds badla imiculo. Ngokwezinga elincane, zilimaza ezinye izingxenye zezimbali; amathuna ahlala emile. Isikhathi sokondliwa okwengeziwe sithatha cishe amasonto amabili.

Isikhathi sokuhlanganisa. Ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yokondla okwengeziwe, izinsikazi ziqala ukubeka amaqanda, zizibeka ngamunye ngamunye, ikakhulukazi ezimbali kanye namaqanda amancane. Ukuzala - izingcezu ezingama-30- 40.

Iqanda. Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-8-10.

ULerva. Ngemuva kokuqunjelwa, izibungu zibekwa isikhashana ebusweni bezithelo eziluhlaza, bese ziluma bese zidla esakhiweni esinamanzi nengxenye eduzane yendawo yokuphonsa.

Esitsheni se-rasipiberi, izibungu ziqala kungakapheli izinyanga eziyi-1.5, zithathe isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezithelo. Ngemuva kokuphela kwentuthuko, bashiya izithelo bese bawela enhlabathini ngaphansi kwezihlahla abondla kuzo. Lapha agobhoza enhlabathini futhi agxume ngemisinga ekujuleni kuka-5-20 cm.

Ezinye izibungu ziwela esimweni sokudilizwa, ubusika bese zidla kuphela ngo-Agasti wonyaka olandelayo.

Idoli kukhula kuze kube yingxenye yokuqala ka-Agasti - ingxenye yokuqala kaSeptemba.

I-Imago. Amabhungane amasha avela engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Agasti - ingxenye yokuqala kaSeptemba. Zihlala emhlabathini ebusika.

Amalungiselelo amelene ne-raspberry mabhungane

Ama-ejenti amakhemikhali nawokuzalwa asetshenziselwa ukulwa ne-bhungane raspberry.

Okubhaliwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali kuvunyelwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yezimbali nangemva kokuvuna okugcwele. Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yemvelo kuvunyelwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi (entwasahlobo, ehlobo, ekwindla).

Ama-Raspberry Beetle Insecticides:

• Ama-Kinmiks (2,5 ml nge-5 l wamanzi),
• I-Karbofos (5 ml nge-5 l yamanzi),
• I-Alatar (2 ml nge-5 l lamanzi),
• I-Spark (ithebhulethi engu-1 kumalitha ama-5 amanzi).

Ukulungiswa kwezinto eziphilayo nezindlela zabantu:

• I-Bitobaxicillin - okubanzi okubanzi kwe-insectofugincid. Umuthi ukuvumela ukuthi unciphise inani lezimbungulu,
• I-Fitoverm (10 ml ilitha elilodwa lamanzi). I-ejenti yemvelo ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuzala (June, Julayi). Umuthi osebenzayo wesidakamizwa awuthinti amajikijolo,
• Amabhasi aphathwa ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potanganum permanganate ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo,
• Fafaza izihlahla nge ukumisela tansy. Utshani bukhipha amaqabunga, umunyu uphunga izinambuzane,
• Faka u-300 g kagwayi ku-5 l wamanzi phakathi nosuku. Bilisa ikhambi, kupholile, nzima. Cwilisa ngamanzi, engeza insipho yokuwasha, yashizi, unisele izihlahla ngesisombululo esikhishwe lapho,
• Ukufakwa kwe-mustard powder kusabisa ibhungane raspberry. Kungcono ukunisela ama-raspberry ekuseni noma kusihlwa ngemuva kokushona kwelanga,
• Isisombululo se-baking soda (10 g ngama-5 amalitha amanzi). Ukunisela nge-baking soda kuzokwethusa inkathazo futhi kuthuthukise ukwethulwa kwejikijolo.

Izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokubhekana ne-raspberry beetle zivumela abalimi ukuba balondoloze izimbali zawo.

Amakhemikhali

Uma umgomo wakho oyinhloko ukususwa okusheshayo kwe- "raspberryhlambi", nezinye izindlela zokupheka zibonakala zilula ukusebenzisa, sebenzisa ama-kemikali anambuzane. Bona emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokufafaza izitshalo kuzoholela ekufeni kwebutho lonke lezilokazane.

Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele kwezitshalo ezine-insecticides kuzonciphisa ukutshala okusajingijolo

Ukulwa nama-raspberries, ungasebenzisa i- "Aliot", "Actellik", "Kinmiks", "Iskra" noma "Confidor". Isixazululo esisebenzayo sokufafaza silungiswa ngokuya ngemiyalo yokulungiselela okhethiwe kanye nokutshala okusajingijolo kuqhutshwa ngesikhathi sokuhluma kanye ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza.

Ungakhetha izidakamizwa ukubhekana ne-raspberry beetle kukhathalogi yethu, ukuhlanganisa ukunikezwa kwezitolo ezinkulu ze-inthanethi engadini. Khetha izinambuzane zemvelo noma zamakhemikhali.

Izitha ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-raspberries

I-1% Karbofos solution - ithuluzi elizosisiza ukuqeda isiko lethu le-berry elithandekayo lokukhohlisa ibhungane okusajingijolo.

Insikazi ibekela amaqanda esibelethweni kanye nembali. Kuyadingeka ukwenza isenzo kusengaphambili - ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, phatha izihlahla ngesisombululo.

Esinye isitha - ukundiza okusajingijolo yenza amaqanda amahlumela amasha ama-raspberries. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-8, inzalo evelayo (izibungu eziwolintshi noma ezimhlophe) zizoqala ukuzondla ngesisindo esiluhlaza sesitshalo, ukukhula okuncane okufayo kuze kube sekufeni - ihlumela lizobuna.

Ukuvikela lokhu, Isixazululo se-Actara kufanele ufafaze izihlahla ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.

Ukuhlaselwa izinambuzane

Izindlela zamakhemikhali zokulawula ziphindwa kabili. Ngaphandle kwalokho, akufanele uthembele ekuvikelweni kwesitshalo okusebenzayo. Izidakamizwa ezidumile:

• Uma inani lamabhungane likhulu, ekuqaleni kokubukeka kokuqunjelwa okwenziwe kuphela, fafaza ama-raspberries ngeKarbofos (90 g ngebhakede lamanzi).
• 2,5 ml isixazululo seKinmix sihlanjululwe emanzini ayi-10. Ukufafaza, kucatshangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwamalitha ayi-1.5 ngesihlahla ngasinye kweziyi-10.
• Uma kwenzeka wehlulwa kakhulu, izindlela zokulawula izidakamizwa ezinjalo zingasetshenziswa: Isixazululo sikaFufanon (0,1%) esigabeni sokumiswa kwe-bud, iSpark (ithebhulethi eyi-1 yahlakazeka ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi) nangemva kokuqhakaza. I-Fufanon isidakamizwa esizinzile. Umphumela wayo olimazayo uphikelela izinsuku ezingama-21-25 ukusuka ngosuku lokwelashwa.

I-Inta-Vir ifakazela ukusebenza ngempumelelo

Ungangezela uhlu lwamakhemikhali nge-Fonesiatsid, Inta-Vir, Confidor, Actellik. Lungiselela amakhemikhali ngokuya ngemiyalo enamathiselwe. Ukusebenzisa izinambuzane kungenzeka kutholakale ngokomnotho uma, lapho kuhlolwa i-raspberry, kutholakala amacimbi ama-3-4 noma amabhungane esihlahleni esisodwa.

Okubhaliwe

Ama-raspberry ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhethiwe ezinamajikijolo amakhulu adinga ukunakekelwa kwesineke, okuphelele nokungenakushintshwa. Umphumela wokuqaliswa okufanele kwazo zonke izidingo nemithetho yokunakekelwa kwezitshalo ngeke nje kube yisiqinisekiso sokuvunwa okuhle kumahlumela athela izithelo aneminyaka emibili, kodwa futhi nokuqinisekisa ukukhula okuhle kwamahlumela wonyaka okuzothela izithelo ngonyaka olandelayo.

"Phulukisa" kubantu

Izindlela ezidumile zomzabalazo zincike emiphumeleni yeminyaka eminingi yokubukwa. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abanolwazi abancomi masinyane ukulahla ama-raspberries owonakalisiwe. Ekuqaleni, athululelwa ngamanzi anosawoti omncane. Ngemuva kwamahora we-0,5, inkathazo izophuma. I-Berry - yokucubungula, izibungu - zezinyoni.

Konje! Izinyoni (amabhungane, amabhungane emhlabathini) - izitha zemvelo zamabhungane okusajingijolo - zingakhangwa engadini uma ugarliki noma u-anyanisi otshalwe eduze kwesihlahla se-raspberry. Ama-Creepers ayizinambuzane ezifana neminyovu omkhulu, ungakulumi, ulengise isikhathi eside emoyeni. Ubhungane obungaphansi kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-40 zemvelo. Ngihlasela izinambuzane ezingasebenzi ebusuku, ngizidle.

• Ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa, ama-raspberry bush afafazwa ngesisombululo esivele sipinki se-potanganum permanganate (0.5 amagremu ento leyo ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi).
• Ibuye isetshenziswe ngokudumile ekwelapheni izihlahla zamabhungane okusajingijolo ngokufakwa kwamanzi ngotshani obomile be-tansy (350 g nge-10 l). Umuthi ufakwa amahora angama-24, ubilisiwe amahora angama-0,5, uhlungiwe futhi ulungiswe ngaphambi kokuniselwa ngamanzi kuze kufinyelele ebungwini bebhakede.
• Ekwindla nasentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokumba umhlaba, uyathelwa nge-decoction kagwayi noma i-shag. I-200-300 g yempahla eluhlaza eyomile ithululelwa ngamanzi (7-10 l). Kufakwe amahora angama-24. Iyabilisa amahora angama-0.5. Iyaphola futhi ilethwe kumalitha ayi-10.
• Olunye ugwayi olugxiliwe. Ilungiselelwe kusuka enkomishini eyodwa kagwayi, egcwele izinkomishi eziyishumi zamanzi. Imizuzu engu-120. Isixazululo esigxiliwe sokuxhunyiwe sifakwa emanzini ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa: 1 inkomishi ezinkomishini ezintathu zamanzi.
• Ukulwa ne-raspberry bhungane ngogwayi kwenziwa ngendlela ehlukile. Lapho kuqhakaza kuvela, izinsuku ezingama-7 ngaphambi kokuba kuqhume, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngale ndlela elandelayo. I-400 g yothuli likagwayi noma imfucuza igcizelela kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi ngosuku. Ubilise (ihora eli-1). Ipholile futhi inzima. I-1000 ml yamanzi ithululelwa kwilitha ngalinye lomhluzi futhi ingeza isisindo esingu-0,4 kg sensipho yokuwasha efakwe ku-grater eyi-coarse.
• Esikhundleni sikagwayi, kusetshenziswa i-poward eyomile. I-100 g ithululelwa ngamanzi abilayo ukuvumelana kokhilimu omuncu. Ishaywe kahle. Ukuqanjwa ukwengeza amalitha ayi-10 amanzi ufafaze isihlahla.
• Ngaphambi kokuba i-ovary ivele emahlahleni njalo ngeviki, okungenani isikhathi esingu-1, ibaphathe ngesixazululo sokuphuza isoda: 1 isipuni ngebhakede lamanzi.
• Kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele umkhiqizo webhayoloji kusuka ku-raspberry bhungane beetle Guapsin. Amaphesenti okulimazeka kwezinambuzane afinyelela ku-94%. Insectofungicide iqukethe ama-bacterium Pceudomonasaureeofaciens b-306. Abagcini nje ngokuhlakulela izibungu zamabhungane, bababhubhise, kepha futhi babola izingxenyana zomhlaba ezingasebenzi kahle, okwenza izakhi zomsoco zingasebenzi. I-Bitoxybacticillin (2%) nayo inazo lezi zakhiwo. Zifafazwa ngama-raspberries ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimbali nangaphambi kokuqhakaza.

Izidakamizwa eziningi, kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela, zidlala indima eyinkimbinkimbi, zithinta ezinye izinambuzane.

Incazelo

Amabhungane okusajingijolo anomumo womzimba ophakathi nendawo. Umbala onsundu. Ubude bomzimba buhluka kusuka kumamilimitha angama-3.8 kuya kwayi-6.5.

Ibhungane okusajingijolo (Byturus tomentosus).

Isisu nesifuba zimbozwe izinwele ezinohlonze ngombala onsomi noma ophuzi-ophuzi. Imisele imise okwenziwe iklabhu, enezingxenye eziyi-11.

Amaqanda anombala obude bendawo yonke. Ubude bamaqanda esihlahla se-raspberry asidluli imilimitha eyi-1. Umbala umhlophe noma ophuzi.

Isibungu se-raspberry mabhungane yi-vermiform, sinemilenze emithathu ye-pectoral. Umbala uphuzi noma onsundu okhanyayo. Umzimba we-larva umbozwe izinwele ezingandile ezikhanyayo. Kukhona izindawo ezinamabala ansundu emzimbeni. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zomzimba ezibunjiwe esiswini. Ekugcineni, izibungu zifinyelela kumamilimitha ayi-6.5.

Ikhokhonathi ka-mabhungane okusajingijolo.

I-pupa inombala omhlophe; ubude bayo bufinyelela kumamilimitha amane.

Ukulimala kwamabhungane okusajingijolo

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhungane okusajingijolo adla ezihlahleni ezahlukahlukene nasezihlahleni. E-pearl, i-apple kanye ne-quince izinambuzane zilimaza izingxenye zangaphakathi zezimbali. Kuma-currants nama-gooseberries, mabhungane okusajingijolo adla ama-buds.

Kuma-raspberries, izinambuzane zigaya ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ezinkulu, ngezinye izikhathi zilimaza izimbali. Zilimaza namaqabunga e-raspberry, okuholela ekuphethweni okungalingani nezinyembezi ezinde. Izibungu zidla raspberries.

Ukulimala okuyinhloko kanye namabhungane amadala kanye nezibungu kubangela ama-raspberries. Uma kulimala izimbali, amajikijolo angenamikhawulo ahlanganisiwe akhula ngokuzayo. Zikhula kabi futhi ziqala ukubola, ikakhulukazi uma isimo sezulu singekho.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

Izinhlobo zezomvelo eziseduze

Ngokubukeka (morphology), abameli abaningi bomndeni kaMalinnikov basondelene nezinhlobo ezichaziwe (Byturidae) E-efaan yase-Yurasi, umndeni umelelwa izinhlobo ezimbili, kepha yizinhlobo ezichaziwe kuphela ezinokubaluleka kwezomnotho.

Emithonjeni yemibhalo, kubukwa imibono emibili ephikisanayo ngokwezomnotho ngalezi zinhlobo. Ngakho-ke, G. G. Jacobson isikhundla sezilwane I-Byturus fumatus futhi I-Byturus tomentosus njengoba ezimbili zisondelene ngokokuziphatha, ziyehluka kuphela ngephethini ye-elytra, usayizi wamehlo, umbala nosayizi omncane.

Kweminye imithombo, lezi zinhlobo zihlanganiswa zibe munye, igama lesiRussia elithi "ibhungane le-raspberry" noma "i-raspberry ezejwayelekile" (Byturus fumatu, amagama athi - I-Byturus tomentosus).

I-Malware

Ibhungane okusajingijolo lithola ukondliwa okwengeziwe kuma-cherries, amaplamu, ameva, ama-currant, ama-gooseberries, uphizi, amathambo, amajikijolo, apula, ithini lamapheya kanye nomlotha wasentabeni.

Esihlahleni se-apula, eliphakathi kwe-quince kanye ne-quince, amabhungane alimaza ingaphakathi lembali; kuma-gooseberries kanye nama-currants, ibhungane ibhungane imarn ilimaza izihlwathi, okwenza izimbobo ezincane ezinemiphetho engalingani kuzo.

Kuma-raspberries nakumajikijolo, inkathazo idla ukuvuleka okuningi kule efihlekile, imvamisa ukuthumba iningi le-bud, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulimala kwezimbali kungenzeka. Amaqabunga e-skeletonize raspberry ashiya phakathi kwemithambo; kamuva, izinyembezi ezinde ezinemiphetho engalingani zibonwa emaqabungeni.

Izithelo ze-raspberry zilimaza ngasikhathi sinye ngaphakathi nangaphandle noma ngaphakathi kuphela, izigubhu zomuntu ngamunye zoma, imvamisa ezansi kwesiqu, ngenkathi izindima ezijulile zibonakala ngokucacile esiqwini.

Ukulimala okuyinhloko kwabantu abadala kanye nama-raspberry mabhungane amabhungane kubangelwa ama-raspberry. Amajikijolo akhula kusuka kuzimbali ezilinyazwe amabhungane anomumo omubi. Zingakhuli kahle, izici zazo zesisindo ziyancishiswa, zivame ukubola, ikakhulukazi esimweni sezulu esimanzi, esinomswakama.

Lwa ne-raspberry fly, izimbungulu kanye nemichilo

Ngokungezelela kubhungane okusajingijolo, impukane eyi-raspberry, i-bug noma i-weevil ingahlasela izihlahla. Uma inkathazo ihlasela indawo lapho kukhula khona ama-raspberries, umlimi uyosala ngaphandle kwesilimo.

Ukulwa ne-raspberry stem fly, amalungiselelo wamakhemikhali nawokuzalwa, kusetshenziswa izindlela zabantu.

Izidakamizwa ezihlasimulanayo nezimpukane okusajingijolo:

• I-Actellik
• Spark,
• Karbofos,
• Isifuba.
• Ama-ejenti wemvelo:
• I-Agravertine,
• I-Fitoverm.

Kwezindlela zabantu, kusetshenziswa ingxube yeBordeaux, isisombululo se-soda.

Izimbungulu (i-sorrel, eluhlaza okotshani, okhuni, i-berry) zisongela izihlahla ezi-raspberry. Uma amajikijolo omisiwe avela, khona-ke lo ngumphumela womsebenzi wezimbungulu kuma-raspberry. Izinambuzane zabantu abadala zidla ujusi ovela esibelethweni, amaqabunga, amaqabunga namajikijolo.

Ukususa izinambuzane ezingacelwanga, kusetshenziswa indlela ehlanganisiwe yokulawula izimbungulu. Kusuka kwizidakamizwa ezisetshenzisiwe ze-buff

Ama-Weevil ayingozi kuma-raspberry bush kanye nama-sitrobheli. Lapho ubeka imibhede ngaphansi kwamajikijolo, kunconywa ukubeka ama-raspberries kanye nama-sitrobheli kude.

Ukuvimbela ukulimala ehlathini yi-weevil, kubalulekile ukwenza izinyathelo eziphelele. Izinyathelo zokulwa ne-weevil kuma-raspberries:

• Ukuhlolwa kwesihlahla. Isikhathi ngasinye, qoqa futhi uchithe amaqabunga awileyo, ama-buds,
• Ekwindla, bumba indawo lapho kukhula khona ama-raspberries,
• Sakaza ifilimu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ususe zonke izimbungulu ezihlahleni bese uzishisa,
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezicupho ezikhethekile ze-raspberry-sitrobheli weevil.

Izindlela zabantu:

• Ukufakwa kwe-anyanisi ne-celandine,
• Isilinganiso sokweqa
• Ingxube yensipho yokuwasha, lwesinaphi namanzi,
• Eduze kwengadi lapho ama-raspberry akhula khona, ungatshala ugalikhi, lokhu kuyesabisa i-weevil.

Ukuphathwa okusajingijolo njengokuvimbela izibungu amajikijolo

Isibungu sonakalisa ama-raspberries avuthiwe. Ukuvikela ama-raspberry bush kusuka kwizikelemu, kuyadingeka ukwenza izindlela zokuthintela. Indlela yokwelapha ama-raspberry entwasahlobo kusuka kuzibungu:

• Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izihlahla ziniselwa ngamanzi ashisayo (ama-degree angama-80). Kunconywa ukuthulula phezu kwezihlahla zomhlaba,
• Ekwindla, kufanele kuthengwe ingxenye enama-raspberries, izinsalela zotshani zokhula zisuswe, inhlabathi kufanele ibanjiswe. Kusetshenziswa impahla eyenziwe nge-mulching, i-humus, i-peat, i-sawdust, nomquba. Izibungu ezihlala ngaphezulu kwenhlabathi azikwazi ukuphuma ngaphansi kongqimba lwe-mulch,
• Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, izibungu zingaqoqwa ngesandla. Indlela elukhuni yokususa ngokushesha izibungu kusuka kuma-raspberries bese uthambisa onke amahlahla iwukuba usakaze ifilimu phansi futhi unikine izihlahla ezi-raspberry. Hlanganisa izibungu ngokucophelela bese ushisa,
• Indlela yabantu kunokwelapha ama-raspberries avela kwizibungu ngamajikijolo: izihlahla zifafazwa ngesisombululo se-soda (i-soda 10 g. I-5 l lamanzi) noma ukumiliswa kwesinaphi.

Izinambuzane zingadala ukulimala okungatheni kulowo osebenza engadini. Bangalimaza amahlahla okusajingijolo, onakalise isivuno. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ngezikhathi zasentwasahlobo kanye nehlobo ukuhlola ngokucophelela izihlahla futhi lapho kuvela izinambuzane, uziqede ngesikhathi. Ukwazi ukuqeda izibungu kuma-raspberries, ama-weevil, izimpukane, izimbungulu, ungakhula isivuno esikhulu samajikijolo amnandi.