Umndeni wegama elifanayo ungowe-oda Perciform. Ikhaya kubo zilwandle olushisayo.

Manje kunezinhlobo ezingama-85 zalezi zinhlanzi. Isihlobo esisondele kakhulu senhlanzi yezinhlanzi yizinhlanzi eziyizimvemvane, ngenxa yokufana kwesakhiwo sangaphandle, ngaphambili zazibhekwa njengezomndeni owodwa.

Kodwa-ke, izinhlanzi zezingelosi zikhulu kunezihlobo zazo eziseduze.

Ubukhulu obujwayelekile benhlanzi bufika ku-30 ​​cm, kepha kukhona nama-champion anobude obuyi-60 cm, kanye nezinsana ezinobude obungama-12-15 cm kuphela.

Imizimba yale nhlanzi iyacaba, nenhloko nomsila omfushane, ngakho nenhlanzi ngokwayo ifana nebhokisi.

Engxenyeni engaphandle yesembozo se-gill kukhona i-spike, isihloko saso siqondiswe emuva. Amaphinifa we-pectoral akhonjisiwe, kanti nezimpawu zamathumbu ziseduze kakhulu namaphini we-pectoral, imvamisa kancane ngaphambili noma ngqo ngaphansi kwawo, ama-dorsal ne-anal fin makhulu kakhulu, ayinayo imisebe ebukhali. Ngenxa yendawo yokuhlala olwandle olushisayo, zonke izinhlanzi zalo mndeni zinombala ogqamile ogqamile, ongathatha imicu noma amanetha apendwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi, owolintshi kanye nomnyama. Futhi, izingelosi zinokungafani okuqinile ekubukekeni kwezinhlanzi nezinhlanzi ezincane ezifinyelele ekuthweni, ekuqaleni zazithathwa njengezinhlobo ezihlukile.

Izinhlanzi ze-Angel zithanda ukushisa kakhulu, ngakho-ke zihlala kuphela endaweni eshisayo, futhi kuphela olwandle, ikakhulukazi emanzini angajulile - kuze kufike ku-50 m ukujula. Uma le nhlanzi ithatha indawo yayo encane emgodini wamakhorali, ngeke igcine ngokuba yindawo yayo yaphakade, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, umngcele wezinto uzoqashwa ngokucophelela yinhlanzi.

Imvamisa, lezi zinhlanzi zihlala emihlanjini emincane (ikakhulukazi ingekho ngaphezu kwezingu-6), futhi ziyasebenza phakathi nosuku, futhi zilale ngokuthula ezindlini zokukhosela ezintofontofo ebusuku. Bazolile kakhulu: bebona okwahlukahlukene, inhlanzi yezingelosi ayesabi futhi ayibhukudi ibalekele kude, kepha futhi ayikhombisi intshisekelo enkulu kumuntu.

Inhlanzi yezingelosi ayesabi abantu - abahlukahlukene bangayibukela ngesizotha.

Imenyu yezinhlanzi yezingelosi inezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezitsha: kusuka ezitshalweni ezivamile zasolwandle ezijwayelekile ezinhlobonhlobo kuya kwezincane ezingama-invertebrates. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lwenhlanzi yezingelosi luhlobo lwayo lokudla oluthandayo. Kuyingozi kakhulu ukuthi umuntu adle lolu hlobo lwenhlanzi, ngoba izicubu zenhlanzi ziqongelela ubuthi obuningi, obungaba ubuthi kalula ngemuva kokudla inyama yale nhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuzithinti izilwane ezidla inyama zisebenzisa inhlanzi yezingelosi njengokudla.

Izinhlobo zokuzalela nazo zincike ohlotsheni oluthile lwenhlanzi yezingelosi: umuntu othile uyashada, futhi umuntu othile unenqwaba yezinsikazi (noma kunjalo, uma lo wesilisa efa, enye yalezi zintokazi eziningi izophenduka eyeduna ngenxa yokushintshwa kwe-hormone )

Inhlanzi ingelosi , noma i-pomacanthos (lat. Pomacanthidae) - umndeni wezinhlanzi ezihlotshiswe ngemisebe yasolwandle kusukela ku-perciform (Perciformes). Ubude bungaba kusuka ku-6 kuya ku-60 cm. I-Angelfish ziyizinhlanzi ezidumile zasemanzini, kepha abantu base-aquarium bavame ukuba bancanyana kunalezo ezisolwandle.

Ezinye izinhlanzi ezilwandle olushisayo zinemibala ekhanyayo engakaze ibonwe. Kungabonakala sengathi umbala omuhle kangaka eMhlabeni awunakuba. Futhi kuphi? Kusezulwini kuphela, ezulwini, lapho kuhlala khona izingelosi. Kungakho abantu baqala ukuqhathanisa lezi zinhlanzi ezinhle nezingelosi.

Ama-Angelfish ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo zomhlaba wonke olwandle emhlabeni. Izinhlobo eziyisishiyagalolunye zitholakala olwandle i-Atlantic Ocean, ezinye ese-Indian and Pacific Oceans. Lezi zinhlanzi zithanda ukuhlala eduzane nezixhobo zamakhorali.

I-Angelfish imvamisa ihlala ngababili noma ngamaqembu amancane we-harem akhiwa owesilisa oyedwa nowesifazane abaningi. Ezindongeni kukhona amabanga acacile avikela izimbangi zawo.

Ukugqama kombala wezinhlanzi ezingelula kulula
emangalisayo. Nakhu, isibonelo, ulamula ophuzi we-apolemyct onamabala amathathu
(Apolemichthys trimaculatus) aka-Blue-eyed Angel.

Kuthiwa izingelosi zasezulwini ziyahlukahluka ngezikhundla. Izinhlanzi zezingelosi nazo zahlukaniswa ngokubukeka. Umndeni wezingilosi zenhlanzi une-genera engu-8 enezinhlobo ezingama-90. Ezingeni "eliphansi" leziphathamandla zezinhlanzi ziyizingelosi nje: ezincane, ezimthende (i-aka centropig multiband) kanye ne-semicircular (pomosanth-uphawu pomacanth).

Ingelosi yama-Semicircular noma i-pomacanth ebekiwe
(I-Pomacanthus semicirculatus) inomzimba onsundu,
embozwe ngemichilo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namabala. Izinhlanzi ezincane zinombala oluhlaza okotshani
imibala ngemivimbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomhlophe emzimbeni wonke

Ngaphezulu kwabo ezikhundleni: ubuso bebublue, ubomvu, ikakhulukazi ingelosi yombusi (Pomacanthus infator), ifinyelela kubude bamasentimitha angama-40. Amakhosi olwandle awalali emuva naphambili njengezikhonzi zawo, kodwa ahlala esigodlweni esihle kakhulu, esivame ukutholakala phakathi kwezixhobo zamakhorali amahle. Imvamisa lawa ama-grottoes amaningana noma amahholo emhumeni, axhumene nemigwaqo.

Bonke lobu bukhazikhazi benzelwe ukusebenza njengendawo yokuhlala yodwa yesidalwa esisodwa kuphela - ingelosi inkosi. Uma omunye umbusi ethatha isinqumo sokubheka lapha, uzoxoshwa ngamahloni: thola isigodlo sakho, akukho lutho olungangena ezindlini zabanye abantu! Kepha izikhonzi zivulekile lapha - kumele zibonakale zibonisa ukuncoma ngengubo ekhanyayo yombusi.

Ngabe ubukeka kanjani umbusi? Izikhulu ezincane ziyaneliswa ngemibala enesizotha kodwa enhle: emhlophe neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enemibuthano egxili nemivimbo ngemuva engemuva. Yebo, umbala ukhethwa ngokunambitheka.

Ingelosi emnyama yombusi

Ama-angelfish amancane ngokuvamile anemibala ehlukile kunabantu abadala. Umehluko ngombala mkhulu kangangokuba abantu abasha bake babhekwe njengezinhlobo ezihlukile.

Ingelosi enkulu yombusi

Futhi lapho bethola amandla futhi bekhuphuka ubukhosi, bayozivumela izambatho zikanokusho: isembatho semivimbo engu-25 ephuzi ephuzi-ephuzi e-orenji, ngokujikijelwayo phezu kwephimbo elincane elimbozi onsomi. Amakhosi awemukeli umqhele, akhetha isigqoko sokuhlala ezintofontofo oluhlaza okotshani.

Kusetshenziswa umbala osiko "kubuso", okukhombisa isikhundla esiphakeme: ukushintshanisa imibuthano ephuzi neblue kanye nemigqa eqonde emehlweni.

Ingelosi yaseMbusweni olwandle

Ngeshwa, kubantu lo mbala obukekayo awenzi mbono ofanele. Izakhamizi zaseziqhingini zase-Indian and Pacific Oceans azihloniphi amakhosi ngobuhle bazo obuhlukile, kodwa zibabamba. ukudla. Abantu abanolwazi bathi ukunambitheka kwenyama kwalezi zinhlanzi kungaphezulu kwakho konke okusemhlabeni. Yebo, sonke isizathu esengeziwe sokubavikela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingelosi yasebukhosini iyisidalwa esidumile kakhulu emanzini asolwandle, ngakho-ke, kwesinye isikhathi ibanjwa ngemvelo futhi ithunyelwe emakethe yamazwe omhlaba, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwenani labantu bayo, esevele inesibalo esiphansi.

Ngaphezu kwemibala egqamile, inhlanzi yezingelosi zihlukaniswa ngumzimba ophahlekile kanye nomhlane ophakeme. Isimo salo mndeni yi-tenon enamandla, ehlehlela emuva, ebekwe ohlangothini olungezansi lwe-gill futhi ihluke ngombala kusuka komunye umzimba wonke.

Ingelosi yaseLyrebird uLamarck (uGenicanthus lamarcki)

Ama-Angelfish anamasu ahlukahlukene wokudla okunempilo. Ezinye zazo ziyamangaza futhi ukudla kwazo kuyiphalethi ebanzi ukusuka ku-algae kuya ezilwaneni ezincane. Abanye badla isiponji kanye ne-algae kuphela.

Abamele lolu hlobo lwe-Apolemichthys (Apolemichthys) badla kuphela isiponji, i-lyrebird angelfish (iGenicanthus) ku-zooplankton, kanye ne -fishfish (Centropyge) emfushane.

Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezicacile zezinhlanzi zezingelosi:

I-centropig enemibala emibili (Centropyge bicolor). Idla nge-plankton, izibungu, ama-invertebrates amancane nama-algae.

Blue moorish angel
(Centropyge debelius). Enye yezinhlobo ezincane kakhulu ezaziwayo
inhlanzi yezingelosi: ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela inani elincane labantu
wabanjwa esiqhingini saseMauritius.

I-hetodontoplus ebonakalayo (i-Chaetodontoplus Conspicillatus).

IGreen Isabelite noma iGreen Kachama (Holacanthus ciliaris) noma i-Queen Angel

Ingilosi ye-Emerald (Pomacanthus
chrysurus). Ihlala ezihlahleni ekujuleni kusuka kumamitha ayi-1 kuye kwangama-25 ku
entshonalanga Indian Ocean, kufaka phakathi iComoros neSeychelles
Iziqhingi naseMadagascar.

Hhayi izingelosi kuphela, kodwa namademoni ayatholakala olwandle , ezibonakala ngokubonakala kwazo nangaphezulu zithethelela igama lazo. Kumayelana nokubukeka kabi inhlanzi ye-angler ezikhukhula amanzi zisuka phezulu ziye phansi futhi zisakazeka ngobubanzi: sinazo, enyakatho eLwandle iBarents kanye naseningizimu, eMnyama.

Kule nhlanzi enkulu, ingxenye enkulu yomzimba ihlala ikhanda ngomlomo omkhulu omubi, ohlanganiswe ngamazinyo amade futhi abukhali. Ekhanda induku yokudoba , futhi ekugcineni kwayo kunjengesiheyisi. Induku yokudoba ihamba isuka ngapha nangapha, “imidanso” yesikhwanyana.

Ukubalwa ezinye izinhlanzi ezifuna ukukubheka kangcono, ukuthi kuyasangana futhi kuqhume lapho, bese kungena ngqo emlonyeni we-toothy we-angler

I-anglerfish yaseYurophu noma i-European
i-monkfish (iLophius piscatorius). Ubude bomzimba - ukuya kumamitha ayi-2, imvamisa 1-1.5
imitha. Isisindo somzimba esiphezulu singama-57.7 kg. Kuzo zombili izinhloko zekhanda, ku
imiphetho yomhlathi nezindebe kuhlanganiswa yizikhumba zesikhumba ezihamba emanzini,
njenge-algae, eyenza ihlale inconspicuous emhlabathini

Umugqa wolwandle awudingi ngisho ukubhukuda, ulele phansi ulindele inyamazane. Faka kulokhu isikhumba esingenalutho ngentambo yokuphanyeka enyanyekayo, bese uthole isithombe esiphelele senduku yokudoba.

Futhi udeveli akanandaba ukuthi ucashe kuphi. Ingakwazi ukujula kumamitha angamashumi amahlanu namakhulu amabili. Futhi ingashona phansi phansi olwandle "oluphansi", lapho kuhlala kumnyama khona futhi ukukhiqiza kugcwele. Kuphela kufanele kube khona isiheho kukhanye uma kungenjalo izinhlanzi ngeke zikubone. Lapho uDeveli eqeda indlala yakhe, uzovala “isibani”: ngenkathi engayidingi.

I-anglerfish Order ihlukaniswe izifunda ezi-3 nemindeni eyi-18, cishe i-66 genera kanye nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-323. Amanye ama-angler abukeka ngokugqamile.

Amadimoni anezinduku zokudoba ezahlukahlukene. Kukhona amade - ubude obuphindwe kane kune-angler uqobo. Umzingeli umdonsela kancane kancane kuye, kancane kancane “inyamazane” ibhukuda isondele, futhi ayikho induku yokudoba lapho, umlomo wakhe uvulekile kuphela.

Amademoni anamasiko angajwayelekile. Izinhlanzi, ngokwesibonelo, zensikazi kuphela. Futhi abesilisa - abancane nabanamehlo amakhulu - abade futhi kanzima bafuna abakhethiweyo babo. Mthole ngephunga. Futhi njengoba beyithola, bayinamathisela emazinyweni ayo futhi bahlala izinambuzane ezingapheli, bemunca lonke ujusi oluvela “kumfazi”.

ITahiti ye-warty clown fish
(Antennarius striatus) emndenini we-clownfish
Ubude bezinhlanzi bungamasentimitha ayi-18- 22. Isihloko senduku (inqubo ye-anterior ray
i-dorsal fin, noma i-esca) inezinqubo ezi-2 kuya kwezi-7 ze-vermiform ze
iheha inyamazane.

"I-hubby" kungekudala iyafa imihlathi, amathumbu ngisho namehlo. Futhi babemdingelani, ngoba manje akayona inhlanzi ezimele, kepha uyingxenye yomzimba womkakhe. Futhi kufanele 'abambe' inhlanzi ukuze izondle yona futhi ibambelele kuyo.

Ngezingane uDeveli wenza okufanayo ngaphandle kothando oluningi. Iyahluma, bese ihamba kancane emanzini, lapho iba yinto elula kunoma ngubani. Umama akanandaba: onamandla uzosinda, lowo ofanelwe isihloko somugqa wangempela wolwandle.

Kodwa-ke, kunamaqanda amaningi, kusukela kuzinsalela ezincane zesibungu. Badla yonke into ngokulandelana, banamafutha, bakhule, bazitholele izinduku zabo zokudoba, bese kuthi lapho-ke baqale ukucwila kwalasha, ukuze, sebebeke phansi phansi, baqale ukudoba ngokukhohlisa ngeheyili, bagcwalise izisu zabo kanzima futhi babhebhethekise labo abanobugovu.

Cerate-like noma ukujula kolwandle okujulile (I-Ceratioidea) ihlala kwikholamu yamanzi ekujuleni okukhulu kwezilwandle, ekujuleni kuka-1500-3000 m.

IPanama Photocorynus (Photocorynus
spiniceps). Owesifazane nowesilisa omncane baboshelwe emhlane wakhe. Ngenkathi
njengoba izinsikazi zifinyelela kubude obu-5 kuya ku-6,9 cm, kufinyelela abesilisa abancane
ubude buvela ku-6 kuye ku-9 mm.

Njengamanye ama-angback asolwandle olujulile, i-Photocorin yasePanamani iheha inyamazane ngayo bioluminescence . Izinsikazi ezivuthiwe zilinda ngesineke elwandle zingagudluki kuze kube yilapho inyamazane ebambekayo ikhangwa yibheyili ekhanyayo.

Ezinye izinhlanzi ezijulile olwandle zivame ukuphangwa. Ngenxa yomhlathi oshukumisayo, inyamazane igwinyiwe iphelele. Isisu sowesifazane siyakwazi ukwelula, ngenxa yokuthi abakwazi ukugwinya inyamazane edlula usayizi wayo.

Batfish (Ogcocephalidae) - umndeni wezinhlanzi ezihlotshiswe ngama-ray ezivela kuma-angiiformes we-oda. Kusatshalaliswa kabanzi, ngaphandle koLwandle iMedithera. Zihlala ezilwandle ezisendaweni ephansi nezishisayo, ezansi, imvamisa ekujuleni okufika kumamitha ayi-100.

Iqembu leDarwin (i-Ogcocephalus darwini) lihlala ogwini lwesiqhingi saseGalapagos ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-30 noma ngaphezulu. Isici senhlanzi inezindebe ezibomvu ezikhanyayo. IBatwin kaDarwin ibhukuda kabi, isebenzisa amaphiko ayo e-pectoral aguqukayo ukuze ihambe phansi olwandle

I-Long-rod angler (Gigantactinidae)

Anglerfish Chaunacidae

I-Ceratium anglerfish
(Ceratiidae). Lezi zinhlanzi zinamehlo amancane kakhulu, mhlawumbe asezilahlile
umsebenzi. Umlomo ubukeka ucishe umile

I-Angelfish - umndeni wezinhlanzi zasemanzini ezishisayo ovela ku-Perciformes. Musa ukudidanisa i-angelfish ne-angelfish - uhlobo olukhethekile lukashaka abahlobene nalo. Ngokuhlelekile, izinhlanzi zovemvane, ezinokufana okuningi kwangaphandle, ziseduze kakhulu nenhlanzi yezingelosi. Phambilini babehlanganiswa nomndeni owodwa. Njengamanje, izinhlobo ezingama-85 zezinhlanzi zezingelosi ziyaziwa.

IGreen Kachama (Holacanthus ciliaris).

Uma kuqhathaniswa nenhlanzi uvemvane, inhlanzi yezingelosi zinkulu: ubukhulu bazo bungama-20-30 cm, kepha izinhlobo zinobude obungama-60 cm, amalungu amancanyana omndeni angaba ngu-12-16 cm ubude. Umzimba walezi zinhlanzi uthotshisiwe kamuva, nekhanda elikhulu futhi umsila umfushane, okwenza umzimba ubonakale unxande. Ngaphandle kwesembozo se-gill kukhona isipoki esibukhali esiqondiswe emuva. Amaphinifa we-pectoral akhonjwe, amaphiko we-ventral adluliselwa phambili futhi atholakala ngaphansi kwe-pectoral, amachaphaza amachashaza amachashaza ebanzi nawobubanzi abanzi. Umbala walezi zinhlanzi uqhakaze kakhulu, uhlanganisa iphethini elilinganisiwe noma elenziwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi, owolintshi kanye nomnyama. I-Angelfish iboniswa ngomehluko omkhulu ngombala wezinhlanzi ezincane nezindala, zikhulu kangangokuba ekuqaleni izinhlanzi ezincane nezindala zazichazwa njengezinhlobo ezihlukile.

Inhlanzi encanyana yase-French (Pomacanthus paru).

Lo mehluko ubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba i-angelfish ivikela ngenkuthalo insimu kubantu bakubo, ibazi ngemibala yabo. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlanzi ezincane zingabhukuda endaweni yabantu abadala, zigcine 'zingaziwa'.

Futhi lena inhlanzi eyindala yaseFrance.

Ama-angelfish angama-thermophilic futhi atholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo kuphela. Onke amalungu omndeni ahlala emanzini olwandle ngasikhathi esijulile (aze afike ku-50 m). Izinhlanzi ze-Angelfish zinezindawo ezingapheli emanzini angajulile ezixhobo zamakhorali, nemingcele yazo egadiwe. Lezi zinhlanzi zinomsebenzi oshiwo nsuku zonke - phakathi nosuku zifuna ukudla, futhi ebusuku zilala ezindaweni ezifihlakele zamatshe ezingaphandle. Zigcinwa ngababili noma amaqembu amancane abantu abangama-3-5. Ngokuvamile, umoya walezi zinhlanzi uzolile futhi unamahloni amancane; lapho behlangana nabantu abahlukahlukene, abakhombisi ilukuluku, kodwa abesabi ikakhulukazi.

Ama-Angelfish adla ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla kusuka ku-algae kuya kuma-invertebrates amancane. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinhlanzi zezingelosi zisebenza ngohlobo oluthile lokudla. Isibonelo, abameleli be-genus Centropyge badla i-algae e-filamentous, izinhlobo ezivela kuhlobo lweGenicanthus ezidla nge-zooplankon, ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zidla isiponji, ama-bryozoans, ama-hydroids, nezinye izidalwa ezihlala phansi ezingabonakali. Ubuthi obubulalayo obuvela ezicutshini zezilwane ezidliwayo buqongelela emisipha yezinhlanzi, ngakho-ke, amacala obuthi benyama yengezi yezinhlanzi ayaziwa.

I-Royal Angel Fish (Pygoplites diacanthus).

Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezinhlanzi zezingelosi kunezimpawu zazo. Kwezinye izinhlobo, abesilisa nabesifazane bakha ngababili, kwezinye - izintokazi ezingafani nabesilisa nabesifazane abaningana. Isimo se-hormonal sezilwane sinokuhlukahluka ngokuya ngezimo zokuphila. Ngakho-ke, uma owesilisa efa e-harem, khona-ke enye yezintokazi ihlangabezana nohlobo lwe-hormonal metamorphosis futhi ... iphenduka iduna! Emva kwalokho, izinhlanzi ziyaqhubeka zivele kube sengathi akwenzekanga lutho. Ama-Angelfish akhukhulula amaqanda we-pelagic agobhoza ngokukhululeka kwikholamu yamanzi. Ukhozi lwalezi zinhlanzi luvame ukudliwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye zezilwane futhi lungenye yezinto ezivamile zamapulangwe asondelene namapulangwe. Amajanyane walezi zinhlanzi adlulela kumjikelezo wokuthuthuka ohambisana nokushintshwa kombala okungaguquki.

Inhlanzi yezinhlanzi ezinama-ringed (Pomacanthus annularis).

Ama-Angelfish angabahlali abahlala emhlangeni futhi avame ukufakwa ekudleni kwezinhlobo ezidla inyama. Abantu futhi bayadoba ngalezi zinhlanzi. Inyama yezinhlanzi ezingelosi imnandi, futhi mikhulu kunezinhlanzi ezincane zovemvane ngosayizi. Zibambe usebenzisa izicupho ezingezansi noma udubule isibhamu esingaphansi kwamanzi. Ngaphezu kwezinhloso ze-gastronomic, izinhlanzi zezingelosi zivame ukubanjelwa izindawo zasemanzini. Kuliqiniso, azinazo ezifuyweni zasekhaya, zikhulu kakhulu futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi ukuyinakekela, kepha izinhlanzi ze-angelfish zivakashelwa njalo ezindaweni zasemanzini zasolwandle.

Inhlanzi yezingelosi zase-Imperial (Pomacanthus infator).

Inhlanzi enhle nenhle yengelosi ingaba umhlobiso omuhle we-aquarium yasekhaya enkulu. Ngemibala yayo ekhangayo futhi ehlukahlukene ngemibala ye-neon ebonakala inhlanzi eshisayo, wonke ama-olwandle njengayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlanzi azikhathaleli ngokuphelele ekunakekelweni, ngakho-ke nomuntu othanda izifiso zasemanzini uyakwazi ukubhekana nokuqukethwe.

Habitat

Inhlanzi yezingelosi yangena emanzini asemakhaya avela olwandle olufudumele olushisayo. Emvelweni yemvelo, zihlala phakathi kwezixhobo zamakhorali ezikhanyayo ekujuleni okuhlukahlukene. Okunye okutholakalayo kutholakala ngisho nasekujuleni okungamamitha angama-60. Izingelosi zihlala ezinhlanzini emanzini olwandle ezintathu - iPacific, Atlantic neNdiya, nakuzo zonke izilwandle zezindawo zezulu ezishisayo nezifudumele.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ingelosi yezinhlanzi ingeyomndeni wama-perch, okuyizidlakudla ezinkulu, le nhlanzi ithanda ukudla okuhlukahlukene. Zidla ikakhulukazi nge-zooplankton, i-algae, izipanji, nama-invertebrates amancane. Eqinisweni, lezi zingilazi zezingelosi. Zihluke kakhulu ngosayizi, ubude bazo obuphakathi buyi-10-20 cm, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zingakhula zize zibe ngu-60 cm.

Ingelosi ithola umbala wayo ogqamile futhi ongaphezu kokuvamile lapho ufinyelela usayizi othile. Izingane zinombala ofanayo futhi unondescript, okufaka isandla ekusindeni kwezinhlanzi ezimeni zemvelo. Ukushintsha kombala kwenzeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Cishe amasonto ambalwa, inhlanzi ebukeka kahle iyaphenduka ubuhle obuhle engutsheni ekhanyayo engavamile. Naphezu kokuhlala ezigodini zamakhorali, izingelosi zakha amaqembu amakhulu, ngokwemvelo ziyafisa. Amaqembu akhona kuphela ukuklama nokuvikela uhla lwazo, lapho izinhlanzi zakha ngazimbili. Abesilisa abakhaliphile bangaba nehabhu elincane labesifazane abangama-1-3, abazivikela ngokucophelela.

Kwakuwukuhlukahluka nobukhulu bemibala yemvelo yezinhlanzi zezingelosi eyadonsela ukunaka kwabasemanzini emhlabeni wonke kuyo. Futhi ukuzibukela esimweni semvelo kuyindlela ethokozisayo nenhle.

Izinhlobo ze-Angel Fish

Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zezingelosi, noma njengoba zibizwa nangokuthi, izinhlanzi ezibizayo, zanele
eziningi - umndeni uqukethe izinhlobo ezingama-7 zohlobo lwezinhlobo ezingama-7 nezinhlobo ezingama-90:

1. Lapholemykhta
2. IHetodontops
3. ICentropigi
4. ILyrebird
5. Ama-Isabel
6. Ama-Pomacantes
7. Ama-Pygoplates

Ukwakheka kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukane kunazo zonke yi-centropigi encane, efinyelela kubukhulu obungu-20 cm.kodwa ezinye izinhlobo ze-pompant zikhula zikhule ngesimo sazo sezikhulile ngamasentimitha angama-45 ngisho nama-60 cm ubude. Futhi egumbini lokufundela i-aquarium bayoboshwa.

Izimo ze-Aquarium

Njengoba sekushiwo, inhlanzi yezingelosi ayizithobi futhi ingahle ihlale cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinhlanzi zasemanzini. Lapho enza izimo zivumelana nokuzala, unakekela izingane ngokuthinta futhi unobuhlakani obuthile. Uma kukhona inani elanele lokudla, khona-ke abantu abadala abadala bahlala ngokuthula nabancane, okwenza kube lula ukugcinwa nokuzala kwalezinhlanzi e-aquarium.

Njengoba izinhlanzi zivela olwandle olushisayo olufudumele, izinga lokushisa lamanzi njalo ngaphakathi indawo 25-28C kubo kuyinkomba ebalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi kufanele abe no-Ph kuhlu lwe-8.1-8.4. Izakhamizi zemvelo zezixhobo zamakhorali, zithanda ukucasha ematsheni futhi zidla umdwebo kuzo. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna izinhlanzi zizizwe zikhululekile - qiniseka ukuthi uyakunakekela lokhu. Lezi zinhlanzi ezimangalisayo ziphila isikhathi eside ngokwanele. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle nokudla okwenziwe kahle, bangajabulisa ubuhle babo kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10-15. Futhi yize i-acclimatization in the aquarium entsha ithatha isikhathi, kepha ngemuva kokuzivumelanisa nenhlanzi izizwa ikhululekile ngokuphelele futhi ibuye ixhumane.

Ukondla

Inhlanzi yezingelosi iyisidalwa esidla ubhedu, kepha imnandi. Ngakho-ke, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulula ukondla, ngoba inhlanzi ayinqabeli noma yikuphi ukudla. Futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezimweni ezingezona ezemvelo, kudinga ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okuhlukahlukene, okubandakanya i-algae, izipanji kanye nama-invertebrates amancane. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho izinhlanzi zizogcina umbala wazo ogqamile futhi zizizwe zikhululekile.

Ezitolo ezikhethekile, uvame ukuthola okuphakelayo okulungiselelwe okwenzelwe lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi. Ukuthenga ukudla okunjalo kulungile, ngoba kuyalingana futhi kuqukethe zonke izinto ezidingekayo. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokudla ngokwakho, qiniseka ukuthi ufaka izipanji ezichotshoziwe kanye ne-spirulina kwimenyu.

Udinga ukondla izinhlanzi izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku, unikeza inani elinjalo lokudla abangakudla abakhileyo e-aquarium ngasikhathi. Imenyu yasekhaya ingafaka nenyama echotshoziwe yezimbaza ezibandayo, islimpping, squid, futhi ingeze nesipinashi esincane.

Uma usuthisa, unake ukuthi lokhu okuphakelayo kuya kubantu abancane yini kanye nomakhelwane bezingelosi ezise-aquarium. Izinhlanzi ezidla izambane likapondo zivame ukuzama ukudla ngokwazo, futhi abanye abantu bangashiywa ngaphandle kokudla. E-aquarium enyinyekile, ngokuvamile angeke avumele izinhlanzi ezincane ukuba zondle.

Izici Zokuziphatha

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lapho izinhlanzi zinendawo enkulu ezinayo, ulaka lwamaduna luzibonakalisa ngokwako ngesikhathi sokuzala okusebenzayo, lapho kwakhiwa kanye namabili-ama-hrems. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu bobulili obuhlukile abathathi hlangothi komunye nomunye.

Konke kwenzeka okwehlukile kancane endaweni evaliwe ye-aquarium. Okokuqala, ngifuna ukuqaphela ukuthi maduze nje lapho izinhlanzi zingena echibini le-aquarium, kulapho ziyovikela khona amalungelo alo amaningi kuleyo ndawo. Amanye ama-pomacantes ayakwazi nokwenza imisindo yokuqhafaza ngokuzwakalayo, ukuzama ukwesabisa izimbangi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, yiyona kanye i-pomacanths eyiyo enobudlova kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlanzi zezingelosi, futhi kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi munye kuphela waloluhlobo ongaba semanzini. Kuwo wonke izinhlanzi ezindala, kufanele okungenani kube namalitha amanzi ayi-200. Ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuthi uthathe isinqumo ngalezi zinhlanzi ezinhle impela, cabanga ngokuthi ngabe zinendawo eyanele yokuphila kahle.

Izinhlobo ze-aquarium ezidumile

Kulabo okokuqala ngqa bafuna ukuvela ngenhlanzi engaqondakali yezinhlanzi e-aquarium yabo, ngezansi uhlu oluncane lwezinhlobo ezingenakuthengiswa kakhulu ngokwemigomo yokugcina izimo:

Lezi ngezinye nje zezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zezinhlanzi zezingelosi. Ngayinye yazo ihlukile futhi inhle ngendlela yayo, futhi uma uthatha isibopho sokukhethwa komhlali omusha we-aquarium futhi unaka zonke izimo ezidingekayo, khona-ke iyokujabulisa ngombala wayo ogqamile nomusa oyingqayizivele isikhathi eside.

Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke babheka inhlanzi yezingelosi njengobuhle bangempela embusweni ongaphansi kwamanzi, ngoba bambalwa kakhulu izinhlanzi ezinenhlanganisela yemibala engafani nalokhu. Kunamakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zokubala imibala kwalezi zidalwa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ziyakwazi nokuzishintsha ngokwenhlanzi ebizwa ngokuthi yi-butterfly.

Ingelosi inhlanzi imele i-oda le-perciform nomndeni wezinhlanzi zaselwandle zasolwandle. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, isici esiyinhlanzi yezingelosi singumbala okhanyayo futhi oyingqayizivele womzimba wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zidalwa zinomgogodla onamandla engxenyeni engezansi yama-gill, eqondiswe emuva. Imvamisa inombala wayo, ohlukile kokuphambili. Umndeni walezi zinhlanzi njengamanje ufaka i-9 genera nezinhlobo ezingama-74.

Ngobude, inhlanzi yezingelosi ingafinyelela ku-60 cm, kepha kukhona ubuncane bangempela phakathi kwabo. Isibonelo, ummeleli omncane kakhulu womndeni walezi zinhlanzi eziyingqayizivele ibizwa ngokuthi yi-centropig. Ubude bomzimba wakhe abudluli ngaphezu kuka-10 cm. Ama-Ichthyologists aqaphela ukuthi kunzima ukubona abantu abasha bale nhlobo yezinhlanzi zisuka nje, ngoba zinemibala ehlukile ngokuphelele kunabantu abadala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mehluko usobala kangangokuba isikhathi eside bathi le nzalo inezinhlobo ezihlukile zalezi zinhlanzi.

Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi umehluko onjalo wombala awusona into nje yokufihla izihlobo zabantu abadala abanolaka: ngenxa yokufana kwayo nabangane bakho asebekhulile, izilwane ezincane zingakhona ezindaweni zazo. Lapho befika eminyakeni emibili, ama-angelfish asencane abe esefana nezihlobo zawo ezindala. Empeleni, kule minyaka ngokwabo bayakhula. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho beqala khona uhambo lwabo, bezakhela “imindeni” yabo.

Indlela yokuphila yezingelosi

Inhlanzi ingelosi ihlala emanzini asolwandle asePacific, olwandle i-Atlantic kanye nolwandle lwaseNdiya. Izindawo ezihlala lapho zithanda amanzi asogwini kanye nezindawo zezixhobo zamakhorali ekujuleni okuhluke ngokuphelele (ukusuka kumamitha amathathu kuya kwayi-60). Inhlanzi yezingelosi idla ukudla okuhlukile ngokuphelele: zombili izilwane ezincane zasolwandle kanye nolwelwe. Ama-omnivores kanye nama-imifino yokuzalwa kabusha atholakala.

Phakathi kwe-angelfish, ungathola ama-specimens anemilomo emikhulu ayidingayo ukuze athole ukondleka okufanele: inhlanzi, intantayo ngaphezulu kwamakhorali, ifaka ukudla emilonyeni yayo, njenge-vacuum cleaner. Isimo senhlanzi yezingelosi sihlobene nezihlobo zaso. Lezi izidalwa zomhlaba lapho isikhala somuntu siqu sibaluleke kakhulu.

Ama-Ichthyologists aqaphela ukuthi abamele lo mndeni wezinhlanzi onenhliziyo enkulu ubonwa yizinhlobo eziphelele zezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezilwane: izindawo ezinkulu zezinhlanzi ezihlala endaweni yokuhleleka kwamamitha-skwele ayinkulungwane, futhi izimpophoma zingathembela kwikholoni elilodwa kuphela.

Ama-Angelfish ayizidalwa ezithandanayo ezakha imithambo emide “yomndeni” ende. Kwezinye izimo, zingakha amaqembu ama-harem amancane anezinsikazi ezinhlanu nowesilisa oyedwa. Womabili la “makhosazana” kanye “nemindeni” angaba khona impilo yawo yonke. Njengomthetho, lezi zinhlanzi zivikela ngesihluku isithunzi se "mndeni" wazo, zivikela izindawo zazo ngentshiseko.

Inhlanzi yezingelosi igama elihle kakhulu nenhlanzi. Futhi inhlanzi ngokwayo yinhle futhi yinhle, yize ithanda ukuhlala isemthunzini, ubuhle bayo bunzima ukuthi ungaqapheli futhi ungabongi.

Ingaqashelwa kalula ngumzimba wayo osicaba, umbala okhanyayo ngemivimbo emikhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, ubukhulu bale nhlanzi buhlukahluka kusuka ku-12 kuya ku-60 cm. Ukwakheka kwezinhlanzi zawo kwenza ingelosi ifane nembala.

Phezulu, unesipikili esibukhali esinokubuyela emuva. Ukubukeka kwakhe kuyakhanga impela, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi unenhlalo kakhulu. Inhlanzi ingelosi uncamela isizungu nokuba wedwa. Uma kukhona umuntu abambisene naye, khona-ke uhlala naye kuze kuphele izinsuku zakhe.

Izici nendawo yokuhlala yezinhlanzi zezingelosi

Izinsimbi ezishisayo zomhlaba wonke olwandle ziyindawo oyithandayo ye-angelfish. Amanzi ase-Atlantic, eNdiya nasePacific Oceans ngokuvamile afihla lobu buhle. Izixhobo zamakhorali namachibi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuyizindawo ezithandwa kakhulu yizinhlanzi zezingelosi.

Imvamisa zitholakala ezindaweni zasemanzini. UMfula iAmazon waseNingizimu Melika unezinhlobo eziningana zalezi zinhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, akudingekile ukuya lapho ukuze ubabone, kwanele ukuvakashela noma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane, izinhlanzi ezinjalo zithandwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke ziyadingeka.

Kunamakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi zezingelosi ezinemibala nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Kukhona lezo lapho umlomo ufinyelela usayizi omkhulu. Behamba ngamakhorali, bavula imilomo yabo kakhulu futhi bamunca ukudla.

Ingelosi yezithombe lidlulisa bonke ubuhle bayo nokungabi nakuphela. Ungasibheka lesi simangaliso unomphela, empeleni nasezithombeni. Ukwemukela ingelosi yezinhlanzi kuletha umuzwa wokuthula nomoya omuhle kumuntu womuntu.

Isimilo nendlela yokuphila yengelosi yezinhlanzi

Ngokuphathelene nezihlobo zabo, izingelosi ngezinye izikhathi ziziphatha ngokhahlo. Bahlala ikakhulukazi ngababili, kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi umuntu wesilisa oyedwa abe nabesifazane ababili, lokhu kubo kububanzi obujwayelekile.

Banemingcele ecacile yobubanzi obuqashelwa abesilisa. Uma kwenzeka kunokusongela okungenzeka, benza umsindo omkhulu wokuqhafaza. Ukuhamba kwezinhlanzi kuwuphawu futhi kuyaphazamiseka. Uma kwenzeka ingozi ebakhona, izinhlanzi zingaqoqwa ezikoleni emihumeni emincane.

Uma ingozi iqhubeka, ukucasuka kwabo kuyanda futhi baqala ukwenza lo msindo wokuchofoza ongazwakala ebangeni elide. Njengomthetho, imisindo enjalo ivame ukwethusa izitha ezingaba khona.

Ingelosi iDrakopera - umhlali okhanyayo wamanzi ashisayo. Kepha lolu uhlobo lwenkohliso lwenhlanzi yezingelosi olutholakala kuphela emidlalweni yekhompyutha. Izinhlanzi ze-Angelfish kwesinye isikhathi kudideke ngenxa yegama elifanayo nengezinhlanzi.

Kepha uma ubheka isithombe sezingelosi futhi uyiqhathanise ingelosi yolwandle, khona-ke ukudideka okuthe xaxa ngeke kuphinde kwenzeke ngoba bahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Sesivele sazi Ngabe ibukeka kanjani ingelosi yezingelosi? .

Lokhu ngumbono omangalisayo wokuthi yonke imibala yayo ijabule. Uma ubheka ingelosi yolwandle, ungakhohlwa ngokoqobo isikhashana, kuze kube kuleli zinga lokhu kubonakala kunengqondo futhi kungenangqondo.

Umndeni wezingelosi ingelosi ingelosi yezinhlanzi yasebukhosini okuyinto ehlaba umxhwele ngobukhulu bayo nobuhle bayo. Ihluke kwezinye izinhlanzi ngombala wayo ogqamile oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enemithende ehlukahlukene emhlophe nemnyama. Lesi sikimu sombala sinikeza ngempela ubuhle bezinhlanzi zombusi ne-chic.

Ososayensi emhlabeni wonke babheka izinhlanzi zezingelosi onamahloni futhi ongacabangi. Eqinisweni, indlela okuyiyo, bagcinwa bodwa futhi banobutha kokuthile okusha nokungajwayelekile empilweni yabo.

Inhlanzi yezingelosi iyahlala ezindaweni eziphakemeyo ezishisayo, emanzini afudumele angajulile futhi eduze kwezixhobo zamakhorali. Kepha iningi lazo liyabonakala ezitolo zasemanzini nasezitolo zezilwane. Lokhu kungenye yezinhlanzi ezithandwa kakhulu ze-aquarium.

Ingelosi yezinhlanzi ze-Aquarium futhi bagcina ngokuhlukana, bezama ukubhukuda kude nabanye abahlali base-aquarium. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-aquarium lapho kuhlala khona izingelosi inengxenye enkulu. Uma benesikhala esincane, kungenzeka bahlasele omakhelwane babo.

Kunolunye uhlobo lwenhlanzi oludumisayo - inhlanzi yezingelosi zomhume. Uyimpumputhe, kepha inzuzo yakhe ukuthi akwazi ukuhambahamba kalula njengesidalwa esinezinyawo ezine.

Efanekiselwa yinhlanzi yezinceku zomhume

Iyakwazi nokugibela impophoma. I-pelvis nomgogodla wale nhlanzi yakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi, kungakhathalekile ukuthi amandla adonsela phansi, igcina kalula isisindo somzimba. Indawo yendawo yokudoba yezinhlanzi yasemhumeni yimihume emnyama yaseThailand.

Ukudla kwenhlanzi

Ukondliwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlanzi zezingelosi kuhlukile. Kwezinye izinhlobo zalezi zinhlanzi akukho mingcele ekudleni, zingama-omnivores futhi azikwazi ukuthola i-algae kuphela, kodwa nama-mollusks amancane ngisho ne-jellyfish. Abanye abadli lutho ngaphandle kwamakhorali noma isipanji.Futhi abanye bakhetha i-algae kuphela.

Ukusakazeka kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwengezi yezinhlanzi

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izingelosi zakha ngababili, kepha kunezikhathi lapho izintokazi eziningana zinezinsikazi eyodwa. Uma kungazelelwe owesilisa efa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, enye yezinsikazi iba owesilisa.

Lesi ngesinye sezici zezinhlanzi zezingelosi. I-caviar yabo igcwele emanzini. Iningi lakhona lingadliwa izinhlanzi ezidla inyama. Ngakho-ke, ingelosi izama ukukhipha izinhlanzi ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu. Isikhathi sabo sokuphila siyiminyaka eyi-8.

Ukubanjiswa kwezinhlanzi kungenzeka, kokubili emanzini amasha nangosawoti, imvamisa eduzane nezixhobo zamakhorali. Ingelosi yezinhlanzi ze-Cant cishe akunakwenzeka ukubona indlela abathanda ukuhlala ngayo ngababili.

Intengo yezingelosi kuyamukeleka Ngakho-ke noma ngubani othanda izinhlanzi angakwazi ukuthenga lobu buhle. Ngaphambi nje kokuthenga, kufanele unake ukuthi ku-aquarium, umzabalazo wensimu ungaqala. Lokhu kwenzeka naphakathi kwezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinokuthula kakhulu.

Inhlanzi ingelosi lugcwele izimfihlo ezithile. Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-aquarium kufanele ibe nokubukeka okuningi kusuka ezitshalweni ezizosebenza njengendawo yokukhosela kulezi zinhlanzi.

Ilungele lokhu, futhi "amatshe aphilayo." Emathafeni nase emihumeni, inhlanzi ifihlekile kula matshe. Bheka isimo sokushisa samanzi. Kufanele kube ngama-22-25 degrees. Futhi, amanzi kufanele abe nosawoti.

Noma yiluphi ushintsho kwikhwalithi yamanzi lusizwa ngokushesha ingelosi. Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukukhipha izinhlanzi zibe yi-aquarium esanda kwethulwa. Esimweni esinjalo, inkomba yamanzi olwandle ayikakakhiwa ngokuphelele, kepha igcwele ama-nitrate, ama-phosphates nabanye abamele amakhemikhali angathinta kabi isimo nenhlala-kahle yenhlanzi.

Kuyadingeka ukushintsha ama-25% amanzi njalo ngesigamu senyanga. Kufanele kube nokujikeleza komoya okuhle e-aquarium, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye hhayi ukugeleza kwamanzi okunamandla kakhulu. Izimo zokugcina inhlanzi yezingelosi e-aquarium yasekhaya kufanele kube okuphelele. Kulokhu kuphela lapho izokhula futhi ikhule kahle.

Inhlanzi enhle nenhle yengelosi ingaba umhlobiso omuhle we-aquarium yasekhaya enkulu. Ngemibala yayo ekhangayo futhi ehlukahlukene ngemibala ye-neon ebonakala inhlanzi eshisayo, wonke ama-olwandle njengayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlanzi azikhathaleli ngokuphelele ekunakekelweni, ngakho-ke nomuntu othanda izifiso zasemanzini uyakwazi ukubhekana nokuqukethwe.

Incazelo nendawo yokuhlala

Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-85 zezinhlanzi ze-angelfish noma izinhlanzi ezigcwele emanzini zihlala emanzini olwandle ezindaweni ezijulile. Iningi lazo zitholakala e-Indian and Pacific Oceans. Abanye abantu bahlala e-South America Amazon. Ama-pomacantes angawokuhleleka kwe-perciform (umndeni wenhlanzi yasolwandle yezinhlanzi zasolwandle). Ungahlala uhlukanisa nabo ngesikebhe esinamandla engxenyeni engezansi yama-gill nangokwakheka komzimba, okunamathiselwe kubo ebunzini eliphakeme nomsila omfushane.

Isici esinezingelosi fancy Umbala ogqamile . Ngenxa yengxubevange yemibala ehlukile, izinhlanzi zezingelosi zibukeka zihle ngokungenangqondo, yingakho bathola igama elinjalo. Zihlotshiswe ngemibala ebomvu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kalamula, owolintshi, i-emerald, imibala emnyama, zakha imihlobiso evela ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene, ezinemigqa eqondile nemishayo eqondile. Intsha inezinhlanganisela zemibala ezihluke kakhulu ezivela kubantu abadala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imibala yabo iyashintsha futhi ithatha umoya opholile.

Ama-Pomacanthus ahlukahlukene ngombala nangosayizi. Kukhona izinhlanzi ezincane - 12-15 cm, futhi abanye abantu abakhulu bafinyelela ku-60 cm.

Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zezingelosi zinokuhlukahluka okukhulu ngosayizi, kusuka kokuncane kuya kokukhulu

Izinhlanzi zabantu abadala zithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni eziseduzane nezixhobo zamakhorali futhi ziqaphe ngesikhulu isikhala sazo ekuhlaselweni yizihlobo zazo. Bathembekile impela kwezinye izakhamizi zolwandle olujulile, futhi ukukhula okuncane kubhukuda ngesibindi kule ndawo evinjelwe, kuhlala kungaziwa ngenxa yombala wokufihla.

Amadoda aselwandle aqondakali enza imibhangqwana noma izinsikazi zezinsikazi eziningana nowesilisa oyedwa abekhona iminyaka. Lapho kukhula umuntu ngamunye, iba nkulu indawo lapho inqoba khona, futhi ezincane zincela ikholoni elilodwa.

Inani lezinhlanzi ze-angelfish endle liyehla ngenxa yobumnandi benyama yazo nokubukeka okuhle

Ama-pomakants ahola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke, futhi ebusuku akhuphukela kumasango amancanyana alala kuwo. Lapho uhlangana nabathandi bokuthunga, abesabi, kodwa futhi abakhombisi ilukuluku lokwazi. Ngenxa yenyama enambitha ivame ukuzingelwa, futhi ngenxa yobuhle bayo babanjelwa ama-aquariums, anciphisa kakhulu inani lawo.

Izimo ezidingekayo

I-pomacant engabekezeleleki ihlangana nezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi zasemanzini. Uma udala izimo ezifanele zokugcina nokondla, uyozizwa emuhle, aqale ukuzalanisa futhi angaphila iminyaka eyi-10-15. Yini edingekayo empilweni yasolwandle:

• i-aquarium okungenani amalitha angama-250,
• izinga lokushisa lamanzi njalo - 25-28 ° C,
• i-pH edingekayo yamanzi ingu-8.1-8.4,
• ukuba khona kohlelo lokuhlunga, ukwahlukanisa amagwebu kanye nokuqina,
• iqoqo elithile lama-nitrites, i-nitrate ne-ammonia,
• inhlanganisela yokukhanyisa okwenziwe ngemvelo,
• ukuvuselelwa kwamanzi okungenani ama-20% ngesonto.

Ukuze uthole induduzo, izingelosi zidinga amatshe, isihlabathi, imihume emincane, ama-labyrinths, izitshalo eziningi ze-aquarium echibini.

Ukudla okuhlukahlukene

Bondla oshonelwe izikhathi ezine ngosuku ngezigaba ezincane. Kumenyu yasekhaya, kufanele ufake inyama eshisiwe ye-shrimp, squid, mussels, engeza i-spirulina nezipanji, isipinashi esincane noma uphizi. Ekhaya, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bonke abantu banokudla okwanele. Kepha akufanele zinakwe ngokweqile. Ezitolo zezindawo zokudla kunokudla okulungele ukwenziwa okwenziwe ngokulinganayo okuqukethe imifino nezakhi zamaprotheni. Ukudla okwomile ngaphambi kokondla kubalulekile ukuthoba.

Okondla izinhlanzi ze-angelfish, inyama nokudla okuphilayo kuhamba phambili.

Izifo zenhlanzi

Uma imibala yemibala yasolwandle iqala ukubuna, khona-ke izimo zabo zokuboshwa nokudla kufanele zibuyekezwe. Ukunakekelwa okungekuhle nokudla okungenampilo okuphezulu kungadala izifo ezahlukahlukene ezifuyweni:

1. Ukuguguleka kweSideline. Ukubhujiswa kwe-epithelium kwenzeka kuze kufinyelele nenhloko, ngenxa yokuthi inhlanzi ingafa.
2. I-Cryptocaryonosis Amachashazi amhlophe avela emzimbeni, isifiso sokunyamalala siyanyamalala, kuvela isimo sokubulawa ngamandla.
3. Amashiya. Isifo esithathelwanayo. Amehlo embozwe ifilimu emhlophe futhi anda ngosayizi. Inhlanzi egulayo iba impumputhe.

Le vidiyo ikhuluma ngengilosi engelosi:

Kuzo zonke izimo, lesi sifo asikwazi ukuqalwa futhi ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ngesikhathi.

I-taxonomy yezingelosi

I-Angelfish - umndeni omkhulu wezinhlanzi zamakhorali, onobunzima obuyi-9 kanye nezinhlobo ezingama-80. Ama-Angelfish ahlala emanzini ashisayo olwandle lwe-Atlantic, Pacific kanye ne-Indian, ahlala emanzini asogwini, lapho agcinwa khona ezigodini zamakhorali. Lezi zinhlanzi ziphila impilo eyedwa, azakheki zibe ngamaqoqo amakhulu. Imizimba yabo ephakeme ethambile, ehlanganiswe nemichilo evamile eyindilinga neyama-anal, ibukeka njengento ecishe ijwayelekile, futhi ezinhlotsheni ezinamaphiko anwebekile, ibukeka njenge-crescent. Ubude bezinhlanzi zezingelosi buyahlukahluka kusuka kumasentimitha amahlanu kuya kwayi-60, umlomo wabo omncane utholakala ekugcineni kwesiyingi, noma ukhombe kancane nje, I-Angelfish ihlukaniswa ngombala ogqamile futhi omangazayo omuhle kakhulu, inhlanganisela emangalisayo yemibala egqamile: oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu, emerald, orenji, ophuzi wegolide, ulamula, namalahle amnyama ... Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umbala we-pomacanthus osemusha awufani neze nombala wezinhlanzi zabantu abadala. Umehluko mkhulu kakhulu kangangokuba abantu abasha nabadala bezinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi zezingelosi ekuqaleni babechazwa ososayensi njengezinhlobo ezihlukile. Ngokwezibonakaliso eziningi, kufaka phakathi umbala ogqamile, inhlanzi yezingelosi ifana nezinhlanzi zamabhabhathane, kodwa-ke, ziyahlukahluka kubo ngokuba khona kwesidlakela esinamandla esibuya emuva ekhoneni lethambo le-serated anteroposterior. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekukhuleni kwesibungu sezingelosi, asikho isigaba se-tolichtis sici sezinhlanzi zamabhabhathane.

Naphezu kokubonakala kwazo okuyingelosi, i-angelfish akuyona neze imvelo. Lo mbhangqwana owakhiwe uhlala endaweni ethile yomhlanga futhi usabela ngokuxaka ukubukeka kwezinye izinhlanzi lapho, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zazo kanye nezihlobene nazo.

Kuyadabukisa, kepha ngenxa yenyama emnandi, ama-angelfish akuyo yonke indawo izinto zokudotshwa kwasendaweni nasezindaweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi e-Southeast Asia, sekuyivelakancane.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Izingelosi zidinga i-aquarium enkulu kusuka kumalitha angama-400 ene-filtration enamandla ne-aeration system. Lezi zinhlanzi zizwela ngamapharamitha wamanzi futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuzigcina. Akufanele kube yi-aquarium. Izimo ezifanele kubo yilezi: lokushisa + 24 ... + 26 degrees, acidity pH 8.1-8.4, usawoti 1.020-1.025.

E-aquarium, udinga indawo yokukhosela nendawo yamahhala yokubhukuda kwalezi zinhlanzi ezinkulu.

Ingelosi ebunjiwe yindandatho (i-annularis) Pomacanthus annularis

Isimilo nokuziphatha ku-aquarium

Izingelosi izinhlanzi ezolile, ezinomusa. Emvelweni, izinhlobo zalezi zinhlanzi zigcinwa ngabashadikazi noma iqembu elincane lomndeni - owesilisa nowesifazane abaningana. UPomacanthus ukhetha umlingani oyedwa futhi impilo yakhe yonke ithinta ukuhlala ethembekile "emndenini". Ngakho-ke, uma owesilisa eqenjini efa, enye yezintokazi ithatha indawo yayo esigabeni esiphakeme.

Ukusuka kubo bonke abakhileyo echibini lamanzi, lokhu ubuhle bubambelele ebusweni. Imvamisa bahlukaniswa isimo sokuthula, kepha, njengakuyo yonke indawo, kukhona okuhlukile. Lapho uqala i-pomacanthus, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi le yinhlanzi eyindawo ebeka ngokucacile imingcele yendawo yayo. Uma umthamo we-aquarium mncane ngengilosi, akumangazi ukuthi ulaka luyovusa endodeni enhle ezolile. Uyokwesabisa ezinye izinhlanzi.

Ezimweni ezinhle nezinethezekile zezinhlanzi, indlela ezisebenza ngayo iba ezithakazelisa kakhulu kumbukeli. Izingelosi ziyafuna ukwazi futhi ziyasebenza, zihlola zonke izithiyo ezisendleleni yazo, zibhukuda endaweni ebabazekayo, ziyidlale. Lezi zinhlanzi njalo ziba yizintandokazi zabanikazi bazo - bahlakaniphile, bafunda ngokushesha ukuqaphela umnikazi wazo.

Emuva kokuqukethwe

Ingelosi enemibala ebomvu

U-Olga Rusakovich, ubuyekeza ingelosi ebala amabala amathathu (ingelosi yeSinegub)

Imibala emihle egqamile. Ukuphuphuthekisa uphuzi nje. Kubukeka kukuhle ikakhulukazi uma i-aquarium inemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Izinhlanzi ezibabayo kunazo zonke engake ngaba nazo. Ukuntanta nje emuva naphambili. Uma usebenzisa i-aquarium hhayi ukubheka ukusebenza kwezinhlanzi, kepha njengesithombe sangemuva, le nhlanzi ilungele ukugqama kwayo nokungathobeki kwayo. Uma indlela yokuziphatha kwezinhlanzi ezithokozisayo iza kuqala, lokhu akuyona ukukhetha kwakho. Njengoba abantu abaningi beqala i-aquarium yasolwandle ngenxa yemibala egqamile, liphefumulelwa ngamaphosta okuvame ukukhombisa uvemvane oluhlikihliwe, lokhu kungenye indlela enhle naleli bhabhathane “elingathandeki”, ngoba umbala ucishe ufane futhi ugcina ukuhleleka kobukhulu bulula kunezimvemvane.

Oleg, ukubuyekezwa kwengelosi yombusi (ulutsha)

Ingelosi ye-Imperial. Ngakwesobunxele yifomu yabantu abadala, ngakwesokunene ulutsha.

Usuthiswe kahle, ukhetha

Imizuzu: ikhula ngokushesha, ikhukhumale

Izinhlanzi ezingenamdlandla, i-greyhound nezinhlanzi ezikhula ngokushesha. Kepha uhlakaniphile, ukhumbula umniniyo, isikhathi sokudla - lapho esondela e-aquarium ekuseni, eza engilazini, aphenduke, futhi ngawo wonke umfutho wawo wehla umsila wakhe emanzini - ukuze umfula ugeleze ngaphakathi kwengilazi yangaphambili. Uyethusa wonke umuntu ose-aquarium, ikakhulukazi i-helmon. Kepha kuhamba kancane futhi kungamavila, ngaphezu kwama-30-50 cm akajahi muntu.

Ingelosi Yezintambo Eziyisithupha (Sextriatus) Pomacanthus sexstriatus

Izinhlobo ze-aquarium pomacanthus

• Ingelosi ka-P. annularis noma iSinekoltsovaya ihlukaniswa ngombala omuhle nenhle. Imivimbo egobekile yesiphambano esikhanyayo okwesibhakabhaka ekhanyayo emzimbeni womuntu ongelosi, umsila wayo umhlophe qwa ngombala wethusi. Imibala yale nhlanzi ivele ikhanye. I-dorsal fin inwetshelwa emaphethelweni angaphandle omzimba, kwakheka uhlobo olukhethekile lomusa oluzuzwe kulolu hlobo. Uzizwa ekhululekile emanzini olwandle emazingeni okushisa angama-23-25 ​​degrees.
• P. Imperator noma i-Emperor Angelfish (imperial pomacanthus) ingenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu (ezifika ku-40 cm) zasolwandle. Imivimbo emide ejwayelekile eyisiphuzi ekhanyayo, ene-tint yelamula, ilandela ingemuva eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lomzimba wezinhlanzi. Ikhanda le-beige enokhilimu lihlotshiswe ngemaski emnyama ekhanyayo, i-muzzle ne-orange anal fin isuswe yimivimbo emincane ye-neon-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amachaphaza amachashaza ne-caudal aphuzi okuphuzi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elingu-24- 26 degrees lilungele yena.
• I-Pygoplites diacanthus (ingelosi yasebukhosini) iyinhlobo yasolwandle enhle nenkulu. Ithoni enkulu yomzimba ophuzi noma owolintshi-ophuzi, enemicu eshintshashintshayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enemikhawulo emnyama. I-dorsal fin emnyama inephethini eliluhlaza futhi oluyinkimbinkimbi, i-anal fin yensimbi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ihlotshiswe ngemivimbo emincane ye-orange. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: 24-27.
• P. zonipectus (Ingelosi kaCortez): i-pomacanthus iyasebenza kakhulu ebusheni - imnyama, inemibala ehlukanisiwe ophuzi naphuzi okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokuvuthwa, le nhlobo ithola umbala ohlanganisiwe nocwengekile kakhudlwana. Izingelosi ezindala zaseCortes zingumnqumo ophuzi, onendwangu yethusi engenacala, umhlobiso wazo umfishane oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nephethini emnyama enezembozo. Ngomakhanda namabhilidi kukhona imicu ebanzi enemibala ephuzi namnyama. Uzizwa emuhle emazingeni okushisa angama-25-27 degrees.
• I-Centropyge eibli noma ingelosi enemigqa ebomvu ingummeleli omfushane walezinhlobo. Ikhula ibe ngu-15-16 cm. Umbala wayo awukhanyi njengowamanye ama-pomacanthus, kepha muhle kakhulu: Imichilo yesiliva ebomvu-e-orange e-satellite egcwele ngemuva ngemuva kwesiliva-grey. Amachaphaza amnyama we-caudal ne-dorsal ahlukaniswe umucu we-neon-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amaphiko we-pectoral nomzimba ophansi aphuzi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elifanele lingama-25-27.
• P. semicirculatus, ingelosi yasolwandle enamasicicularular noma e-pockmarked. Izinhlanzi ezincane zipendiwe ngamathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amhlophe namnyama. Abantu abadala banemibala engajwayelekile futhi nenhle, yize ingashisi kangako. Umzimba wale nhlanzi upendiwe ngombala obomvana onsundu, obumba umbala omangalisa kakhulu, ogcizelelwa yiphethini yamachashazi amancane, ahlala njalo. Zonke izinhlanzi zizungezwe umucu ocwebezelayo ocwengekile phakathi kwamawele, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kube sengathi kuyaxutshwa, izinkophe zaso kanye nasemaphethelweni we-gill. Isiphundu se-elongated dorsal fin siphuzi ngokugqamile, amaphini we-pectoral amnyama phansi ngesisekelo ngokushintshana ngombala futhi kuphuzi ophuzi. Uthanda ukushisa okungama-25-27 degrees.

Uma uthenga pomacanthus omncane, khumbula ukuthi umbala wabo uhlukile kakhulu kubantu abadala. Ukuze uqiniseke ngombala wesilwane esifuywayo, udinga ukwazi igama laso ngqo nencazelo yomuntu ovuthiwe.

Emuva kokuqukethwe

Cortes Ingelosi Encane

Umsoco

I-Blue angelfish idla izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla. Ngaphandle kwendawo enokuthula, inhlanzi ingumdlwembe, ngakho-ke ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi kungeniswe ukudla okubukhoma ekudleni: izibungu, izibankwakazi zegazi, i-daphnia noma i-corvette.

Ukondla izinhlanzi, akunconywa ukusebenzisa i-tubifex, ngoba ingadlulisela izifo ezithathelwanayo ezizoholela ekufeni kwezakhamuzi zase-aquarium. Njengezengezo ekudleni okukhona, ukudla okomile noma okuhlanganisiwe kunganikezwa i-scalaria. Izitolo ezikhethekile zithengisa izinhlobo eziningi zokuphakelwa, kusuka ku-pelletised to granular.

Okufanele ukondle

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi le ngelosi enkulu ithambekele ekudla ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze wandise impilo yesifuyo sakho, udinga ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okujwayelekile: gazinga kuze kufike enyangeni kumele ondliwe njalo emahoreni ama-3, futhi kusukela ngenyanga ungashintshela ekudleni okungama-2-3 ngosuku, ukuhlela usuku lokuzila njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu.

Izingelosi zithanda ukujabulela ukudla okuphilayo namaqabunga e-algae, futhi nokudla okwomile kufanelekile ukuzondla. I-Melek, i-shrimp, ama-mussels - ukwelashwa kwangempela kwe-Angel enkulu.

Umsuka nencazelo

Inhlanzi yezingelosi noma i-pomacanthus ingeyenhlanzi yasolwandle futhi ingeyo-oda le-perciform. Lokhu kukhulu (ngokwemvelo ubukhulu bawo bufinyelela ngaphezu kwengxenye yemitha) izinhlanzi ezinemibala ekhanyayo.Izinhlobo eziqukethwe kuma-aquariums zivame ukukhula zibe ngu-15-30 cm.

Umzimba wezinhlanzi ubanzi futhi uyisicaba, ingemuva liphezulu. Imininingwane ebonakalayo yokubonakala kwengilosi ingumbala osebozekweni se gill. Isici esiyinhloko se-pomacanthus umbala ogqamile ngokungajwayelekile owakha umhlobiso wemvelo omangalisayo.

Ukuchazwa kombala we-pomacanthus omncane kuhluke kakhulu kubantu abadala, isikhathi esithile bekukholelwa nokuthi lezi ezinye zezinhlobo. Zipendiwe kahle, kanti kwenzeka ukuthi ukudweba kwenhlanzi endala akubukeki njengaleyo eyayihlobise ebusheni bayo.

I-Angelfish yinhlanzi eshisayo. IPomacanthus ihlala olwandle lwePacific, Indian kanye nolwandle i-Atlantic. Izinhlobo ezivame ukufudukela ezindaweni zasemanzini zihlala e-Amazon (South America).

Umklamo we-Aquarium kanye namapharamitha wamanzi

I-Pomacanthus izinhlanzi zolwandle, futhi ngenxa yalokho zifuna kakhulu ukwakheka nekhwalithi yamanzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, badinga inani elikhulu le-aquarium empilweni ejwayelekile.

Izingilosi zitshalwa ezindaweni zemvelo zasolwandle ezinamanzi angama-200 amalitha noma ngaphezulu. Kepha lokhu ubuncane, okungcono, yebo, okuningi. Zidinga izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kwama-22 kuya kwangama-28. Ukuze ungenzi iphutha kuhulumeni wokushisa, kufanele wazi ukuthi ingelosi yakho ivela ngaluphi amanzi futhi isungule izinkomba ezisondele kakhulu endaweni yayo yemvelo. Amapharamitha wamanzi: pH (ubunzima) - 8-8.5, ama-nitrate aze afike ku-20-22 mg l.

Isimo samanzi kufanele siqashelwe ngokucophelela - i-pomacanthus izosabela ngaso leso sikhathi ushintsho oluncane ngekhwalithi yayo. I-aquarium kufanele ihanjiswe kahle, amanzi kufanele azungeze, ngenkathi kulondolozwa izindawo ezinesivalo esibuthakathaka. Okungenani kanye njalo emavikini amabili, ikota yemthamo wamanzi ithathelwa indawo. I-aquarium enamanzi anosawoti kufanele futhi ifakwe ngohlelo oluhle, olunamandla lwegwebu.

Ama-Aquarium ezingelosi alingisa phansi kolwandle, ngakho-ke adinga indawo enhle nezitshalo ezinganikeza indawo yokukhosela futhi ahlukanise indawo engezansi ngezigaba. Kepha amakhorali aphilayo namanye ama-invertebrates athambile, ingelosi izoyibhubhisa ngokushesha inhlanzi, ngoba ngokwemvelo zidla iziponji.