Igama Lesayensi: I-Archispirostreptus gigas
Usayizi: kufika ku-30 cm
Umsuka: EMpumalanga, Southeast Africa
Izikhathi Zokushisa Zasemini: 25-29 ° C
Ukushisa kobusuku: 21-23 ° C
Umswakama: 80-90%
Usayizi weTerrarium: 40x40x30 cm
Isendlalelo: Isigaxa esingaphansi kukhukhunathi kuxutshaniswa nomhlabathi. Amaqabunga e-oki, ama-beech, omile naluhlaza.
Ubuthi: Kunemiphumela ephansi kakhulu, engahambelani kahle ne-iodine yokungabekezeleli.
Ukushisa: Kuthule kakhulu, kancane. Uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, bagoba ibhola, bakhiphe uketshezi olucasulayo ngephunga le-iodine elihlazo.
Qaphela:
Ama-Giant African millipedes noma i-Archispirostreptus gigas atholakala kakhulu kumaqoqo asekhaya ezilwane ezixakile. Amaqhubu ama-Afrika akhula abe ngamasayizi amakhulu kakhulu futhi azithobi ekunakekelweni kwendlu, aphile kusuka eminyakeni eyisikhombisa kuya kweli-10, ayinangozi.
Ukusabela okuvikelayo kubonakala ngezinhlobo ezimbili. Uhlobo lokuqala: ukugoqa ebholeni ukuvikela izicubu ezithambile nemilenze. Uhlobo lwesibili: ukukhishwa kwe-iodine-based fluid, okubangela ukucasuka kwesikhumba. Ngemuva kokukhuluma nesilwane sakho, geza izandla zakho. Uketshezi luyingozi uma lufika kulwelwesi lwe-mucous lomlomo, ekhaleni, kwamehlo. Ngokuxhumana nesikhumba, gxila ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwamahora amahlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa.
Amayimitha ama-Giant ase-Afrika anemilenze efinyelela ku-400; ngesikhathi sokuchitha, kukhula izingxenye ezintsha ezengeza imilenze emine ngamunye.
I-Archispirostreptus gigas sex resolution inqubo elula. Abesilisa banakho okubizwa nge- "gonopod" engxenyeni yesikhombisa kusuka ekhanda, ngokubukeka, akukho milenze kule sehlukweni. Ukuzala kivsyakov akunzima. Vele ubeke owesilisa nowesifazane esitsheni esikhulu kakhulu ngezimo ezidingekayo zokuboshwa futhi emasontweni ambalwa uzobona izibungu. Ukuqapha, ungalahli izingqimba ezingenhla ze-substrate, aqukethe amaqanda nezibungu!
I-Archispirostreptus gigas, njengoba sengibonile, ukuthi bakhethe, kulula kakhulu ukubanakekela. Amamilayidi ama-Giant ase-Afrika agcinwa emazingeni okushisa angama-25- 29 ° C kanye nomswakama wama-80-90%. Ukudla okuyinhloko - Le yimifino nezithelo, ithini lamakhukhamba zithanda kakhulu. Zama ukwahluka ekudleni ukuze ubanikeze konke abakudingayo, ngasikhathi sinye futhi uthole ukuthi yini isilwane sakho esizithandayo kakhulu. I-Kivsyaki nayo idinga amaprotheni ne-calcium! Kuyadingeka ukwengeza njalo amagobolondo amaqanda noma ushoko, umhlabathi kube uthuli, ekudleni nasemhlabathini, futhi ngezikhathi ezithile engeza ukudla kwekati. Uma ungalandeli lo mthetho olula, ngemuva kwesikhashana igobolondo le-nibble lizowela izingxenye futhi isilwane sizokufa.
I-Archispirostreptus gigas ikuyo yonke indawo ephelezelwa imikhaza. Lezi zibungu ngamanani amancane azinabungozi, zihlanza indawo ephakathi kwemilenze, kepha ngobuningi bazo zicasula imfuyo, izibungu ezinomkhaza zingavimba ukuvuleka kokuphefumula. Ukususa, ungagijima i-millipede ngokugeza okufudumele bese usebenzisa ibhulashi elithambile elincane. Imithombo eminingi ithi imikhaza ibanga ukuvuvukala kwezifo zemilenze yamaqhubu.
Dlulisa: semantik13, emithonjeni yezangaphandle evulekile
I-Giant African Millipedes, i-Archispirostreptus gigas Manje, amagama ambalwa avela kimi
Ngithole owesimame odlikizayo ngobude bamasentimitha angama-21 (fall '10). Kwakungekho zinkinga kokuqukethwe nakancane, ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile wasusa imikhaza, usaphila futhi akafi, ngokungafani nenkolelo ethandwayo. Ngenxa yokushintshwa kwesidalwa esiphilayo esiyinkimbinkimbi, kwadingeka ngivume. Ngokusho kwabanikazi abasha, "imbuzi ijabulisa izingane, azikho izinkinga ezihlonziwe." Ubude bomzimba ngamasentimitha angama-25,5 (ubusika-entwasahlobo '11). Ukuthanda ama-championons, isaladi, iklabishi laseBeijing. Ngenjabulo enkulu, ama-apula, ikakhulukazi abomvu, ikhabe, ikhabe, ukuqhekeka. Isilwane asinangqondo ngokuphelele! Ukudonswa kuphela okuyimfihlo, kepha ngokushesha kuqonde ezandleni bese kuqala ukukhasa. Uma unganqikazi, ngeke ubone iodine :). Isici esisodwa esingathandeki sikhona - singalulama entendeni yesandla sakho noma ezingutsheni. Imisipha iyanyamalala esikhunjeni phakathi nosuku, kodwa kuzoba nezinkinga ngezingubo, ngoba iodine iyi-ketshezi ye-caustic. Inhlanhla kuwe nezilwane ezifuywayo!
Lapha ungafunda i-Temko yami mayelana nemikhaza, bona izithombe.
Ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuphatha - Nikita Dvoryaninov
5. Abesilisa bahlukile kwabesifazane ngosayizi (bancane kakhulu) nendawo okuyo ingxenye yesikhombisa esikhundleni semilenze yezitho zokuzala.
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
11. AmaKivsyaki adla izithelo nezitshalo. Ekuthunjweni, izingcezu zezithelo, imifino namakhambi. Kwesinye isikhathi chalk yengezwa ekudleni kwabo ngesimo se-powder, njengoba ekukhuleni okujwayelekile, izinambuzane zidinga i-calcium.
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Millipede, noma i-giant nod of Archispirostreptus gigas
I-Ethmostigmus trogonoppede ye-Yellow-legged
01.01.2019
I-giant nod, noma i-millipede enkulu yase-Afrika (i-lat. Archispirostreptus gigas) ingeyomndeni wakwa-Spirostrepidae ovela ku-oda Spirostreptida. Lesi silwane asinangozi ngokuphelele futhi asikhombisi ulaka kubantu. Kubekezelela ukudingiswa kahle, kusheshe kube ngesandla, futhi kukuvumela ukuthi uzidonsele ndawonye.
Phakathi kwezigxobo eziyimilenze emibili, ama-giant nods aqashelwa njengomgadli weqiniso. Ubude obukhulu bomzimba wakhe bufinyelela ku-385 mm, futhi ubukhulu yi-21 mm.
Inhlobo yaqala wachazwa njenge-Spirostreptus gigas ngonyaka we-1855 isazi semvelo saseJalimane uWilhelm Karl Peters. Ku-Archispirostreptus yohlobo lobudala wabekwa eminyakeni engama-40 kamuva, isazi sempi saseNtaliyane uFilippo Silvestri. Njengamanje, kufaka ezinye izinhlobo eziyi-14 ezihlobene.
Ukudla kwe-kivsyak yase-Afrika
Isisekelo sokudla kwale millipede yizinto eziphilayo zezitshalo. I-Kivsyaki ilimaza izingxenye zezitshalo. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, imishini yokugaya ayikwazi ukubizwa ngezinambuzane, ngoba ayilethi ukulimaza kuphela, kodwa futhi iyazuza, ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomhlaba, njengama-earthworms.
I-nibble yase-Afrika (i-Archispirostreptus gigas).
Ama-giant shisyaki ama-Afrika athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi bezilwane zasekhaya ezihlukile, njengoba abukeka ngokungajwayelekile. Kepha e-Afrika abanasidingo kangako. I-Kivsyaki ingadala ukulimala kwezilimo noma ibe ukudla kwabantu bendawo uqobo.
Ukubhebhetheka
U-millipede omkhulu wase-Afrika uhlala eMpumalanga Afrika. Kutholakala eKenya, eTanzania, eSomalia, eSouth Africa, eMozambiki naseziqhingini zaseZanzibar. Isilwane sihlala emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni eziphansi. Ngokwezinga elincane, ibonwa emahlathini amile anobubanzi obomile asogwini futhi ama-savannah agqunywe izihlahla.
Ezintabeni, abamele le nhlobo bahlala ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingafika ku-1000 m ngaphezu kolwandle. Izintandokazi zinikezwa izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esinomswakama, esisemthunzini ngaphansi komqhele omubi wezihlahla.
Izilwane zihehwa ngobuningi bamaqabunga awile nezinkuni ezibozayo, lapho zinokudla okwanele futhi ziyakwazi ukuthola indawo yokuhlala ekhululekile.
Ukuziphatha
Ama-nodig ama-gigantic aqala indlela yokuphila yobusuku. Emini, bayaphumula emashalofini abo, bacashe ngokuphepha ekushiseni kosuku naselangeni. Bayaphuma beyofuna ukudla kusihlwa futhi badle kancane kuze kuse.
Amehlo abo amabi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele bathembele ezithweni zokuthinta nokunuka. Bayazi umhlaba obazungezile ngokuthintana ngosizo lwezimpondo nemilenze yabo. Bakwazi ukuthola ozakwethu ukuzala nokushintshana ngemininingwane ngohlobo lwabo ngamaphunga nama-pheromones.
Uma kwenzeka kusongelwa, i-millipede yase-Afrika igxuma iqonde endaweni evulekile, iveze igobolondo layo eliqinile futhi likhulule ekuqothulweni kwenkunkuma yehlathi. Ngenxa yombala omnyama wokufihla, kuyinkinga impela ukuwuphawula ebusweni benhlabathi.
Ekuhlaselweni okuqondile yizidlakudla, amaqhubu angasese aqukethe uketshezi olunobuthi kusuka kuma-pores amaningi emzimbeni, abangele ukushiswa kwamakhemikhali esikhunjeni somhlaseli.
Ubuthi abuthakathaka (1,4-benzoquinone), ngakho-ke, akubeki ingozi enkulu kulowo ohlasela, futhi ukulunywa endaweni ethintekile kuyadlula ngokushesha.
Izinkinga ziqala lapho izinto ze-caustic zingena emehlweni noma emalungeni omlomo nasemgudwini wokuphefumula. Ubuthi obusebenza kahle kakhulu buphikisana nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane endaweni engamasentimitha angama-30.
Engxenyeni ekhipha imfucumfucu enkulu, kubekwa imikhaza eminingi emincane, okuyihlanza izinsalela zokudla okungabonakali futhi ikuvikele kwezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane. Ngalesi sizathu, ama-toyinthi abanjwe endle ahlala ezithwele izifo ezahlukahlukene ezithathelanayo futhi awangeniswa emazweni amaningi ngaphandle kwemvume ekhethekile.
E-terrarium enomthamo wama-80x40x40 cm, ungaqukatha ngasikhathi sinye izihloko ezi-4. Azidingi ukukhanyiswa okwengeziwe. Ukubona indlela abaziphatha ngayo, vele ukhanyise isibani samandla aphansi ebusuku.
Izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ebangeni ukusuka ku-25 ° C kuye ku-30 ° C. Ebusuku wehliselwa kancane, kepha hhayi phansi kuno-20 ° C. Izilwane ezifuywayo zidinga umswakama ophezulu, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Kungcono ukuthi uyilondoloze ngezinga lama-85% ngokufafaza izindonga zethrafti ngamanzi afudumele kusihlwa.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-humus noma inhlabathi engadini njengesiqalo sendawo.
Ungqimba lwayo kufanele okungenani lube ngu-10 cm. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-peat ngenxa ye-acidity ephezulu kunqatshelwe ngokuphelele. Ubhubhisa i-exoskeleton, okuholela kuyoyisa ekufeni kwesilwane.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, i-substrate ivinjelwa ukususa izivakashi ezingafuneki (izintuthwane, izimbungulu, izibungu kanye nezibungu) kuyo. Kufanele kube mnyama, kepha kungabi manzi. Udinga ukushintshwa minyaka yonke.
Ungondla noma yimiphi imifino nezithelo, ngemuva kokuyixebula ekhasini. Isidingo samaprotheni sihlangabezana nokwazisa ngezikhathi ezithile okuphakelayo ekudleni kwezinhlanzi ze-aquarium, amakati nezinja. Yinikeze ngezikhathi ezithile nangamanani amancane. Uma kunamahlamvu amaningi ku-terrarium, khona-ke ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kanye ngenyanga.
Izitsha zokuphuza azibalulekile. Izilwane zithola umswakama odingekayo ekudleni. Ukuze ubanikeze nge-calcium, ama-egghells aqhobozekile afakwa ku-feed noma substrate.
Umsoco
Ukudla kuqukethe izingcezu zazo zokubola zezinkuni nezinkuni ezibolile. Uma kungenzeka, ama-gourmet ngeke ahlanganyele enjabulweni yomkhosi omncane wezithelo ezivuthiwe, imifino, indle noma i-carrion.
Izinto eziphilayo ezingama-Unicellular ezihlala emgodini wokugaya ukudla kwazo zisizwa yizinto eziphilayo ze-Archaea, ezikhipha i-methane ngesikhathi sokuphila kwazo, zibasize.
Ukudla komsuka wesilwane kwimenyu kuthatha akukho ngaphezulu kwe-10% futhi kudliwa kuphela ngezinsuku ezithile.
Isikhathi sonke, izindimbane ezinkulu zihlala zingama-vegans aqinile. Okubangele lokhu kukhetha, ayikho incazelo egculisayo okwamanje.
Ukuzala
Ukuthomba kwenzeka lapho eneminyaka engaba mibili. Ukuhlangana kuvame ukwenzeka entwasahlobo nasekwindla futhi kuthathe cishe isigamu sehora. Ngemuva kwamaviki ambalwa, insikazi ibekela amaqanda emgodini ozimbele wona.
Iqanda ngalinye elikhuphukela ku-2,5 mm ubukhulu lifakwa kwibhodwe elihlukile lombala ophuzi noma omhlophe.
Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kuhlala izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezimbili, kuya ngesimo sezulu. Amawundlu anenkani alungele ngokuphelele ukuba khona okuzimele futhi akadingi ukunakekelwa kwabazali. Kuqala zinamabhande amathathu emilenze kuphela futhi izigaba ezifika ku-9 zomzimba, inani lazo likhuphuka ngemuva kwe-molt ngayinye. Ukuzalwa kwabo kunikezelwe esikhathini semvula.
I-molt yokuqala yenzeka ngaphakathi kwamahora ayi-12 ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ukuncibilika okulandelayo kwenzeka engxenyeni yenhlabathi futhi kuthatha amasonto ambalwa. Esikhathini esomile, ukuvevezela okukhulu kungasebenzi futhi kukhombisa umsebenzi omncane. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngazo zonke izindlela angagwema ukuhlala isikhathi eside emanzini futhi acashe ezimvuleni endaweni eyomile kunazo zonke.
Incazelo
Ubude babadala buyi-17-26 cm, ububanzi obuyi-15-19 mm. Inani lemilenze lincike eminyakeni yobudala futhi lisuka ku-100 laya ku-400, isilinganiso sezingcezu ezingama-256.
Umzimba uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbalwa, ngasinye sinezimbili zemilenze. Uma uhamba, eza ngokunyakaza okufana negagasi, ukuvumela ukuthi uqhubekele phambili naphambili.
Ingaphezulu lomzimba lipendiwe mnyama. Igobolondo le-chitinous libushelelezi, linika ukuqina futhi livikele umzimba ekulimaleni.
Isifiso sokuphila kwengilazi enkulu yase-Afrika e-vivo yiminyaka eyi-7 ukuya kweli-10.
Habitat of African kivsyak
Lezi zimbila zihlala ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi nangaphezu komhlaba. Kwizinto eziphilayo, benza izindima ezivumayo. Njengezindawo zokukhosela, basebenzisa imisele yezilwane ezincanyana noma bacashe ngeziqu zezihlahla naphakathi kwamatshe.
Amaqhubu ama-Afrika akhula abe ngamakhulu amakhulu.
AmaKivsyaks adinga umswakama, ngakho-ke atholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezingaphansi kwe-Afrika, lapho kunesilinganiso semvula esinyukayo ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.
Ukulimala nezinzuzo zezindondo zase-Afrika
Ngaphezu kokutshala izimpande nezingxenye zazo eziluhlaza, lezi zimilozi zidla udoti wamaqabunga, izithelo nemifino. Kwesinye isikhathi zidla ngokubola ngokhuni. Bathanda amadwala anokuqukethwe kwe-calcium ephezulu, okudingekayo ekwakhekeni kwe-exoskeleton yabo.
Isidalwa singafa ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamaprotheni ne-calcium.
I-Kivsyaki ibanga kuphela ukulimala kwendawo yezolimo. Kukhethwa kakhulu ezikhefini ezingaphezulu komhlaba, ngokunqikaza, kuphela uma zingenawo ama-organics. Imvamisa, ngemuva komsebenzi we-kyvsyaks, izitshalo ziyafa, ngoba zisika emthambekeni oyinhloko wesitshalo, futhi izakhi ezivela ezimpandeni ziyeka ukungena kuso. Izinzuzo zezinzalo zase-Afrika zikhulu kakhulu, ngoba zenza umsebenzi obalulekile wokucebisa inhlabathi, uzigcwalisa ngezinto zokubola namaminerali.
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