USavka uyidada elihle eliphakathi nendawo, isisindo somzimba wakhe singama-500-800 amagremu. Umzimba wenyoni umanzi, intamo imfushane futhi iqinile, ikhanda likhulu.
Ngenkathi yokuza kwemvelo, kuvela isigaxa esimnyama ekhanda lowesilisa. Umgexo wezimpaphe ezimnyama buhlobisa intamo. Izinhlangothi nangasemuva zingwevu okugrey enamachashazi amnyama. Isifuba nengxenye engezansi yentambo yembozwe izimpaphe ezigobile brown, isisu siphuzi. Umsila omnyama wakhiwa ngamabhuzu ayisishiyagalolunye ezimpaphe zomsila oqinile ohlelwe ngokuqondile.
Izimpiko zimfishane, ngakho-ke amadada akhuphuki aze afike ephikweni ukusuka endaweni yokugcina amanzi. Uqhwaku olubanzi ngombala onsomi-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lube nokukhula ezansi. Imilenze ibomvu ngombala omnyama phakathi kwezinzwane, amehlo aphuzi.
Owesifazane uhlukile kowesilisa osekhanda elinsundu kanye nentamo emhlophe. I-streak ebanzi ekhanyayo enamabala ansundu aqala ukusuka kusisekelo sogwalu iye emuva kwekhanda. Izimpaphe ezingemuva ziyanuka ngemivimbo emnyama eshintshashintshayo namabala amnyama. Ngaphansi komzimba kungcolile okumhlophe-kuphuzi. Amachaphaza edada angwevu ngombala obhulayo, kanti uqhwaku lumnyama, amehlo aphuzi.
Ukusabalalisa ukusatshalaliswa
USavka uhlala emaqeleni, emahlathini, ezindaweni eziwugwadule zaseNyakatho Afrika nase-Europe. Ensimini yaseRussia, i-mackerel itholakala emaLwandle aseSarpinsky, eCentral Ciscaucasia, eningizimu yeSifunda saseTyumen, emachibini aseMych-Gudilo naseMarkch, ekuxhumaneni kwemifula iTobol ne-Ishim, endaweni ephakeme yeYenisei, esigodini saseKulunda. Ubusika be-Duck eTurkey, eNyakatho Afrika, e-Iran, eNdiya, ePakistan.
I-Savka
Umbuso: | Eumetazoi |
I-infraclass: | Ukuzalwa okusha |
I-Superfamily: | Anatoidea |
Subfamily: | Amadada wangempela |
Buka: | I-Savka |
- Izidleke kuphela
- Unyaka wonke
- Imizila yokufuduka
- Izindawo zokufuduka
- Izindiza ezingahleliwe
- Kungenzeka ukuthi uhambile
Umnotho kuma-wikids | Izithombe ku-Wikimedia Commons |
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Incwadi Ebomvu yaseRussia umbono uyanyamalala | |
Bheka Ulwazi I-Savka kuwebhusayithi ye-IPEE RAS |
I-Savka (lat. Oxyura leucocephala) - inyoni yomndeni wedada.
Izici ezijwayelekile
I-Savka yidayisi elisezingeni eliphakathi eliphakathi. Ubude 43 - 48 cm, isisindo 500- 900 amagremu, ubude bamaphiko amaduna i-15,7 - 17.2 cm, izintokazi - 14,8 - 16.7 cm, amaphiko ama-62 - 70 cm. inhloko emhlophe ene “cap” encane emnyama, uqhwaku “oludumbile” oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi, umbala womzimba uqukethe inhlanganisela yezimbali ezimnyama ezibomvu, ezinsundu, nsundu nezimfushane ezinedothi elincane elimnyama ngendlela yepheji elingenampilo noma ipheshana. Owesifazane unombala ojwayelekile njengowowesilisa, kepha ikhanda linombala ofanayo nawo wonke umzimba futhi linamathoni ansundu ngombala; imivimbo emide ebonakalayo esihlathini iyabonakala, uqhwaku limpunga. Kwowesilisa engubeni yokugqoka ehlobo, uqhwaku luphenduka lube mpunga, “isicu” esimnyama ekhanda siba sibanzi. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, abesilisa abanekhanda elicishe labamnyama bahlangana ngokukhula okuhlukile kokumhlophe esihlathini - kusuka ezimpaphe ngazinye kuya ezindaweni ezikhule ngokugcwele, umlomo wabo ungwevu noma luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - lezi kungenzeka izinyoni ezinonyaka ubudala. Abancane babukeka njengowesifazane, kodwa ngandlela-thile bancane, imivimbo esihlathini nangaphambi kwentamo ilula, icishe imhlophe. Amajakhethi aphansi anombala onsundu ngemivimbo elula ezihlathini. Kuzo zonke izingubo zokugqoka kanye nobudala, ubonakala ngendlela ebabazekayo yokubhukuda ngomsila omise okwenziwe isigaxa esenziwe ngezimpaphe ezinzima ezikhuliswe cishe zibheke phezulu.
Ummeleli womdabu kuphela weqembu lakhe elingaphansi I-Oxeurinae ku-palearctic. Ngokusho kohlu Olubomvu lweConservation Union (Uhlu Olubomvu IUCN) kubhekwe ukuthi luhlobo olusengozini (i-Endangered, EN).
Indlela yokuphila
Impilo ka-Savka yonke idlula emanzini, akakaze aye emhlabathini. Isici esibonisa inundu yindlela yokubhukuda nomsila wayo ophakanyiswe ngokuthe nkqo. Ngobungozi, leli duck ligxiliswa emanzini ngokujulile, kuze kuthi kuphela phezulu emuva kwakhe kuphume emanzini. I-Savka iyantshontsha futhi ibhukude, ibhukuda ngaphansi kuka-30-40 wamanzi ngaphansi kwamanzi.Nxa sesiphumile emanzini, iyakwazi ukuphuma futhi, ishona ngokuthula, ngaphandle kwesikhala, sengathi iminza. Ihamba ngokunqikaza, ibanga elide ibhekene nomoya. Izimpukane ngokunqikanqika, engozini zithanda ukuntywila.
Umsoco
Inundu lidla ikakhulukazi ebusuku, lithe shona ekujuleni okuhlukahlukene. Idada leli lidla ama-mollusks, izinambuzane zasemanzini nezibungu zazo, izibungu, ama-crustaceans, amaqabunga kanye nembewu yezitshalo zasemanzini. Izifundo eSpain zikhombisile ukuthi izibungu ze-benthic chironomid ziyisici esibalulekile sokudla.
Ukuzala
ESpain, ubuthi buye babonwa kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, futhi ukungasebenzi kahle kwamaqanda kuye kwaqalwa kusukela ngo-Ephreli. E-Russia kungenye yezinyoni ezifike sekwedlule isikhathi, ngakho-ke ukubeka amaqanda kwenzeka kusuka ngo-Ephreli-Meyi (eningizimu yengxenye yaseYurophu) kuze kube nguJuni-ekuqaleni kukaJulayi (eSiberia). Isikhathi sokubeka iqanda sikude kakhulu futhi sinokwehlukahluka kwabesifazane abahlukahlukene kuze kube inyanga eyodwa nesigamu. Mhlawumbe lokhu kunqunywa ngokwengxenye ngokuba khona kweziqubu eziphindaphindwayo. Isidleke sihlelwe emaphethelweni omhlanga eceleni komkhawulo wokugcotshwa kwesisekelo esikhulu noma ekufinyeleleni okuncane kwangaphakathi, ukuwaqinisa phakathi kwesiqu somhlanga. Izilokotho zalesi dada zingatholakala emikhakheni yama-gulls kanye nama-grebes. Ku-clutch 4-9 (imvamisa ama-5-6) amaqanda amakhulu amhlophe angcolile ane-tinge ephuzi noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ku-mackerel, njengakwezinye i-Anseriformes, kunezimo zokuthi ukuhlasela kwesidleke kwe-intraspecific kanye ne-interspecific. Esimweni lapho izinsikazi eziningana zibekela amaqanda esidlekeni esisodwa (intraspecific nest parasitism), inani lamaqanda kulo lingafinyelela ku-12- 12 no-23. Kunezimo zokwenziwa kwamaqhubu axutshwe namanye amadada (interspecific nest parasitism) - okhanda obomvu, onekhanda elibomvu, obomvu nezimbila ezinamehlo amhlophe. Ezimweni ezahlukahlukene, izinsikazi zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezifakwayo zihlanganisa ukufudumala. Amaqanda makhulu kakhulu - ubude 60-80 mm, ububanzi obungu-45-58 mm. Isisindo samaqanda asanda kubekwa angafinyelela kumagremu ayi-110 (isilinganiso samagremu angama-90). Igcina amaqanda amakhulu we-waterfowl, okuhlobene nesisindo somzimba. Isisindo esiphelele sokubumbana singasondela ku-100% wesisindo somzimba sowesifazane ongazalanisi, futhi isisindo samaqanda ngamanye singafinyelela ku-15-20%. I-Hatching ihlala izinsuku ezingama-22-26. Ekufukweni nasekufundisweni kwamachwane, ukubandakanyeka kowesilisa akuzange kuqapheleke. Izinkukhu zibonakala zikhulu kunamanye ama-Anseriformes, kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lokuphila zingabhukuda futhi zishone, zibhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi kufinyelela kumamitha ambalwa. Owesifazane, njengomthetho, ushiya izinyane lengane ezinsukwini eziyi-15 ukuya kwe-20 ngemuva kokuqokwa. Kulokhu, amaphuphu angahlanganiswa abe "enkulisa" yabantu abangafika kwabayi-75. Isikhathi samapulangwe agcwele singamaviki angama-8-10 (isikhathi eside kunamanye amadada amaningi). Abesifazane bangavuthwa ngokocansi benonyaka owodwa.
Izinsongo kanye nezici zokunciphisa
- American Savage HybridizationI-Oxeura jamaicensis - Kubhekwa njengosongo olubucayi kuSavannah eYurophu. I-American Pigeon yaphakanyiswa e-UK, ukusuka lapho yasakazekela nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, kubandakanya neSpain. Ama-nzalo walezi zinhlobo ayanda - inzalo yesizukulwane sesibili neyesithathu yaphawulwa. Ukusakazeka okwengeziwe kwelenhlanzi emhlophe yaseMelika ePalearctic kuyingozi enkulu, ngoba ukubukeka kwayo, isibonelo, eRussia noma eTurkey, uma kunikezwe ubukhulu obukhulu bamaxhaphozi nokulawulwa okungahambi kahle, kungaholela ekusakazekeni okucishe kungalawulwa.
- Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungahle kuholele ekushintsheni kwezinga lokusikwa kwamanzi endaweni yokuhlala kwenundu. Isomiso siyingozi ikakhulu ngoba ngalesi sikhathi amadamu lapho le nyoni ihlala khona angashona noma ome ngokuphelele. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngisho nokushintshwa okuncane kwezinga lamanzi emizimbeni yamanzi kungathinta ukondleka kwabo, amaphesenti ngokweqile kokukhula nezinye izici ezibalulekile. Ngakho-ke, izigaba ezomile zemijikelezo yesimo sezulu zingaba nethonya elibi enanini lamakhulu ezimoll, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseningizimu.
- Ukubhujiswa kweHabitat okuhambisana nemisebenzi yabantu. Izenzo zabantu ezingezinhle zifaka ukulima kogu lwamachibiokuholela ekunciphiseni komswakama kanye nokwanda kwe-siltation yezidumbu zamanzi, ahlukahlukene ukusebenza kabusha komhlaba kuyasebenzaezihambisana nokudonswa kwamanzi okugcina amanzi ngezidingo ezahlukahlukene, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okunisela, ukwakhiwa kwamadamu, izindawo zokunisela, njll., ukwephula umbuso we-hydrological of reservoirs. Ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kwamanzi omhlaba kuholela ekunciphiseni kwezinga lamanzi okugcina aseduze, ukugunda noma ukusha imibhede yomhlanga icekela phansi inundu yezindawo ezidlekayo. Zonke lezi zenzo zibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni kazwelonke nje ezindaweni eziwugwadule nogwadule, okuwukuthi, impela phakathi kobubanzi botshani. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwamadamu kwezinye izikhathi kungaba nomphumela omuhle, ngoba kungadala izindawo zokuhlala ezifanele (amadamu, amachibi) okugcwala komhlaba.
- Isizathu sokukhathazeka. Inyoni encane ingasondelana kalula nomuntu, ngaphandle kokuthi iphazanyiswa njalo, ngokuba seduze kwesidleke. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umngane womshado angashiya isidleke isikhathi eside futhi amaqanda abe yisisulu sezinyamazane. Kuzindawo zokugcina ezisetshenziselwa ukuzilibazisa (ukubhukuda, ukubopha izikebhe) noma ukudoba ezimboni (izinhlanzi, ama-crustaceans), idada liyanyamalala, njengoba, nezinye izinyoni eziningi eziseduze namanzi.
- Ukudubula. Ukufa ngaphansi kokuqhuma kwezibhamu kungukusongela ithole, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho kugxilwa khona kakhulu (ngaphambi kokusuka, ekufudukeni nasekuhambeni ebusika). Ukudutshulwa kubhekwa njengesizathu esiyinhloko sokunyamalala kwezinhlobo zezilwane eFrance, e-Itali, Yugoslavia naseGibhithe kanye nesizathu esibaluleke kakhulu sokwehla kwamanani eSpain kuze kube ngawo-1970. Kodwa-ke, ngawo-1950-60s. e-Ili River Delta (Kazakhstan), i-mackerel yayingu-3.3 - 4,3% empangweni yabazingeli. Esifundeni sasePetropavlovsk, isabelo sesundu esidlweni sabazingeli sasikhona ngawo-1960 no-70s. 0.1 - 0,4%. Ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo eSpain kuqinisekisile ukwanda okukhulu kwamanani - kusuka kumakhulu amaningana abantu ngeminyaka yo-1970. kuze kufike ezinkulungwaneni eziningana ekuqaleni kuka-2000s.
- Ukufa ngamanetha okudoba. Ukudoba okujulile, ngokusobala, kunomthelela ongemuhle ku-whitefish, okuthi, ngokuba yidada ledada, ingabanjiswa ngamanetha ahleliwe. Emazweni amaningi (Greece, Iran, Pakistan, Kazakhstan) amakhulu abantu afela kuwo. Ngomlayezo womuntu siqu. IMitropolsky O. V. kwezinye iziqiwu zase-Uzbekistan ngamanetha okudoba kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezingama-20-30 nsuku zonke.
- Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi. Izindawo zokugcina lapho kuhlala khona inundu zivame ukungadonswa amanzi, okwandisa ubungozi bokungcoliswa yimfucumfucu ehlukahlukene (yezimboni neyasekhaya). Ukungcola kungathinta zombili izinyoni uqobo, kubangele ubuthi, kanye nezinsizakusebenza zokudla, kunoshevu noma ukuzilimaze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamanani amakhulu okungcola okuphathelene nezinto eziphilayo, imizimba yamanzi ingagcwele ngokushesha imifino “nokhula,” okungaholela ekunciphiseni kokuchitheka kokudla kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izikhathi, ukungcola okuphathelene nemizimba yamanzi kungaphikisana nezinsizakusebenza zenundu, njengoba inani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo ezise-planktonic kanye ne-benthic zihlala ezindlini ezicebile.
- Ukuchithwa kwezindawo zokuhlala ngezinhlobo ezisetshenzisiwe. Kwezinye izimo, ukwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezithile emizimbeni yamanzi (muskrat, carp evamile) kungaholela ekunciphisweni kwemibhede yomhlanga, kanye nokudangala kwemithombo yokudla. Izimo ezifanayo zaqashelwa eSpain, lapho ukwethulwa kwe-carp kuholele ekunciphisweni kwezinsiza zomkhumbi wenundu nenombolo yalo.
- Izitha zemvelo. Ukufa kwezinyoni ezindala kucishe kubonakale kuyivelakancane, ingozi enkulu kakhulu kubazingeli bezidleke zemackerel. Kulezi zinhlobo, ama-gulls, corvid kanye nama-haramp harre ayaphawulwa. ESpain naseNyakatho Afrika, i-grey grey iba yingozi enkulu ezidlekeni.
- Ubuthi obuholayo bezikhali zezibhamu. ESpain, ukufa kwezinyoni ngenxa yokuhola kungena emzimbeni ngokudla kuyaphawulwa. Umthofu ungena kokuphakelayo kusuka kwesibhamu. Kungenzeka ukuthi ubuthi obuholayo bungenzeka kwezinye izifunda.
Imvamisa, ukufa kwedada ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene kubangelwa kwabaphansi ukufundwa kwemvelo inani lendawo, kufaka phakathi abazingeli, abadobi, abanikazi bamaxhaphozi kanye nabanye abasebenzisi bemvelo. Ama-Savannahs azalanisa ngempumelelo kuma-zoo ase-UK. E-Russia, ukuphela kwendawo yokuzalela umngane womshado yiRostislav Alexandrovich Shilo Novosibirsk Zoo, lapho kusungulwa khona lo duck kusukela ngo-2013, futhi kusukela ngonyaka we-2018, izinyoni ezinyakazayo zidedelwa endle.
Izici ze-biology kanye nemvelo
Izinzwa zihlelwe engxenyeni esogwini yezidumbu zamanzi phakathi kwamathanga omhlanga noma amakati. Kwangathi kuhlala izidleke zokufakelwa zamadada. Ku-clutch kuze kufike kumaqanda ayi-9.
Ekufudukeni kwentwasahlobo e-East Azov Sea, idada elinamakhanda amhlophe ngezikhathi ezithile liqoshwa maphakathi nasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli. Ekwindla, kwaqoshwa izinyoni maphakathi no-Okthoba.
Ogwini lolwandle olumnyama (Imereti Lowland) kwaqalwa ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Isisekelo sokudla kwezinhlobo zemvelo ziyi-algae, izingxenye zemifino kanye nembewu yezitshalo zemithambo ye-hydrophytes.
Ubuningi kanye nemikhuba yawo
Inani lomhlaba lezinhlobo lilinganiselwa kubantu abayizinkulungwane eziyi-15-18. Isibalo esilinganisiwe eRussia singamapheringi angama-170-230. Ku-CC, uhlobo olusengozini.
Esikhathini esedlule, ukuzalwa okungajwayelekile kwe-mackerel kwaphawulwa kwezinye izifunda zase-East Azov Sea, kanye nasemngceleni weKrasnodar. Kumapheshana ahlukene ale ndawo yezikhukhula, kuze kube yimibhalo eyi-8 yalolu hlobo ngenyanga eyaqoshwa.
Njengamanje, kunolwazi kuphela mayelana nokuhlangana kwezinyoni olulodwa esikhathini esidlekayo. Ngokusobala, inani lezilwane ezise-CC alidluli ngabili kuya kwezi-2-5. Ekufudukeni nasebusika, i-mackerel nayo iyivelakancane kakhulu, enabantu abangashadile.
Ukubukeka
Umzimba ukhulu, ubukhulu buphakathi. Ukuphakama komzimba kufinyelela ku-43-48 cm ngesisindo esingu-580-750 g.Amaphiko yi-65-70 cm. Iziduna zincane kakhulu kunezabesifazane. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, abesilisa banekhanda elimhlophe elinesihloko esimnyama. Uqhwaku luvuvukele ezansi futhi lunombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isidumbu simbozwe ngotshani obomvu obumnyama, buhlanjululwe ngemifudlana emnyama. Kwabesifazane, ikhanda linombala onsomi ompunga ngokufana nomzimba. Uqhwaku lumnyama, eduze kwamehlo kukhona imivimbo emide yobude. Emadodeni, ngemuva kokuzalela, uqhwaku luthola umbala ompunga. Izinyoni ezincane zibukeka njengabesifazane.
Izindlela zokuphepha ezidingekile nezengeziwe
Ukudalwa kwama-SPNAs e-KOTR endaweni yezikhukhula, lapho ubukhona bale zinhlobo buqapheleka khona. Umsebenzi wokuchaza phakathi kwesintu mayelana nokungaphazamiseki kokudutshulwa kwalawa madada.
Imithombo yolwazi. 1. I-Dinkevich et al., 2004, 2. Kazakov, 2004, 3 Linkov, 2001c, 4. Incwadi ebomvu ye-USSR, 1984, 5. Ochapovsky, 1967a, 6. Ochapovskiy, 1971b, 7. Plotnikov et al., 1994 8. UTilba et al., 1990, 9. IUCN, 2004, 10. Imininingwane engashicilelwe evela kumhlanganisi. Kuhlanganiswe ngu. P.A. Tilba.
Isithombe (isithombe): https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1678045
Idada elingafani nosayizi ophakathi (43-48 cm, isisindo ukusuka ku-0.4 kuya ku-0.9 kg). Owesifazane unombala onsundu ngokufana, owesilisa umi ekhanda elimhlophe, lona owathola lona igama lesibili - idada elinekhanda elimhlophe. Kukholelwa ukuthi lowo oshade naye uyizinhlobonhlobo zezilwane.
Imarmot ejwayelekile ihlala ezindaweni ezingayodwa emaphethelweni asogwadule nasogwadule. Ihlala kumachibi asesitebhisini esivela ezifundeni zeCaspian neLower Volga entshonalanga kuya ezigodini zaseTuva nase-Ubsunur empumalanga, naseKazakhstan, eTurkmenistan naseTajikistan. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlala enyakatho yeNdiya, ePakistan, eWestern Asia, nasogwini olusenyakatho ne-Afrika. Ubusika eKrasnovodsk Bay, isifunda saseHasan-Kuli, kanye naseNdiya, ePakistan, eNtshonalanga Asia, ogwini olusenyakatho ne-Afrika.
Ungayibona ngokushesha iSaveka ngendlela yokubhukuda ngomsila wayo cishe osethelwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, uhlala phezulu kakhulu phezu kwamanzi, kepha engozini ucwilisa umzimba wamanzi ukuze kungaphezulu kwesiqalo sasemuva kuphela, futhi nokubhukuda ngamagagasi anamandla amanzi. USavka ubhukuda kahle futhi ushona ngokuzwakalayo, evumelana nalokhu, mhlawumbe, kuphela kuma-cormorant kanye namaloni. Ingabhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi, iguqule indlela, ifike kumamitha angama-30 ukuya kwengama-40. Intywiliswa ngaphandle kwesikhala, sengathi iminza, ivela emanzini, ikwazi ukuphonsa emanzini futhi ibhukude ngaphansi kwamanzi ibanga elifanayo.Indiza ngokunganqikazi futhi kuyaqabukela, ayikaze iye emhlabathini. Impilo yakhe yonke iqhubeka emanzini.
Inundu lidla amaqabunga kanye nembewu yezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini, kanye nezinambuzane zasemanzini, ama-mollusks kanye nama-crustaceans. Le duck idla amachibi asesitebeleni esinemibhede yomhlanga futhi ifinyelela okuvulekile ngotshani bemvelo basemanzini. Izidleke zenza ezintantayo, phakathi komhlanga, ekujuleni kolwandle. E-clutch kuvame amaqanda ayi-6, ashaya ngosayizi wawo: makhulu kakhulu kunamaqanda ama-mallard futhi acishe alingane namaqanda ama-pegans. Isidleke, ngokungafani nalokho, sincane. Amaqanda amhlophe qhwa. Owesifazane oyedwa ufaka amaqanda.
Owesifazane obambayo akaze abanjwe esidlekeni, okusobala ukuthi kungenxa yentuthuko yamaqanda. Kukholelwa ukuthi amaqanda amakhulu kakhulu ale duck adinga ukufudumala okukuqala kuphela, futhi imibungu ekhula kuwo isheshe izuze amandla okuzimela, iqinisekise ukukhula kwawo okuqhubekayo. Kunecala elaziwayo lapho amaqanda e-hatcher ethathwa ezidlekeni ezibunjiweyo, ezazingamakamelo ngaphandle kokufudumala, akhula ngendlela evamile futhi ngesonto kamuva amantshontsho aqanjwa kuwo. Amachwane aphansi anezimpaphe zomsila onzima. Izinkukhu ziphakamisa umsila wazo, njengoba kwenza izinyoni ezindala. Ukuzingela amadada ezweni lethu kuvinjelwe, izinhlobo zohlu zibhalwe ku
Idada elingajwayelekile - idada - linokubukeka okungajwayelekile, okungabonakala ezithombeni ezivezwe kwinqaku lethu. I-Savage inyoni enhle kakhulu, ukuyibuka kunikeza injabulo yangempela kubathandi beqiniso bezinyoni.
Ukuziphatha Nempilo
Abamele lezinhlobo impilo yabo yonke bahlala emanzini futhi bangahambi emhlabeni. Ukubhukuda ngomsila ophakanyiswe phezulu. Bangakwazi ukubhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi kufinyelela kumamitha angama-40. Shona ngaphandle kokugqekeza futhi uthule ngokuphelele. Zindiza kancane futhi zinqikanqika. Zondla ikakhulukazi ebusuku, zingena shí ekujuleni kwenhliziyo. Ukudla kuqukethe ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Lawa ngamaqabunga, imbewu yezitshalo zasemanzini, ama-mollusks, izinambuzane zasemanzini, izibungu, izibungu kanye nama-crustaceans.
Izindawo zokuhlala zeHabitat
AbakwaSaveka bakhetha ukuhlala emizimbeni yamanzi engenamkhawulo neyimithombo emisha, emabhange ayo ambozwe ngemibhede yomhlanga omnyama. Isidingo sokuba khona kokufika okuvulekile nenqwaba yezitshalo zasemanzini. Kwesinye isikhathi phakathi koloni lwama-grebes noma gulls. Ubusika bezinyoni zenzeka emachibini avulekile nasogwini lolwandle. Lapho indiza, idada elinamakhanda amhlophe liyabonakala ngisho nasemifuleni yezintaba.
I-squig idla umhlabeleli omnandi, izinambuzane ezihlala emanzini, izibungu, imbewu kanye namaqabunga echibini, ama-crustaceans, ama-mollusks.
Izici zokuziphatha kwabalingani
Lapho ebhukuda, idada libeka umsila walo phezulu. Emanzini kuhlala nomzimba ophakeme. Lapho kuvela izitha, iyashona, ishiye ingxenye encane kuphela yomhlane ebusweni bamanzi. Ngendlela efanayo, ibhukuda ngamagagasi anamandla. Ngaphansi kwamanzi, idada elinekhanda elimhlophe liziphatha ngokuzethemba, hhayi eliphansi ku-scuba diving kuya kuma-loon kanye nama-cormorants.
Le nyoni ingabhukuda ngaphandle kokukhuphukela phezulu kwamanzi, amamitha angama-30 kuya kwengama-40. Lapho icwiliswa, ayakhi isifutho, ivela emanzini, idada liyakwazi ukuphonsa futhi libhukude ngaphansi kwamanzi. Amadada angamacimbi amabi, futhi kuyaqabukela aye emhlabathini. Amanzi yindawo ethembekile futhi inundu alishiyi ngaphandle kwesidingo esikhethekile.
Isimo se-squad
I-Savka yidada elingandile. Kubhalwe ku-Red Book of the Russian Federation njengezinhlobo ezisongelwayo. Isimo - isigaba 1. Ensimini yezwe lethu kuneziza ezibanzi lapho izidleke ze-minket. Izinhlobo zezinyoni zivikelekile ezindaweni ezigcinwe ezindaweni nasezindlini ezitholakala eNtshonalanga Siberia naseCiscaucasia. Izindlela zokuvikeleka ezenziwayo zokwenziwa kwemvelo bezingasebenzi