Impilo yenhlanzi yamahhala inamandla futhi ayilindelekile. Namuhla ufuna ukudla, kanti kusasa usindiswa kumhlaseli olambile. Abalingani babo base-aquarium baphila indlela yokuphila engenangqondo. Kwakuyibo ababa ngamaqhawe ezinganekwane yememori yezinhlanzi ezimfushane. Kodwa ingabe amandla abo okucabanga abuthakathaka kangako?
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinhlanzi cishe zazingakhumbuli lutho. Ukuphakelwa ekhaya gourami kwehla kuvela ezulwini, futhi izimo zokuphila zishintsha kakhulu.
Okwesibili, noma ngabe izinhlanzi zizama kanjani ukugcina amaqiniso abalulekile ngempilo yazo engqondweni, umniniyo ngeke akwazi ukuthola ngazo. Uma inkumbulo yenja noma ikati ingahlolwa kalula, khona-ke kunzima ukwenza lokho kuhlolwa ngenhlanzi.
Yini inkumbulo yezinhlanzi.
IGoldfish - isithombe
Ukuthola ukuthi hlobo luni lwenkumbulo inhlanzi eyayinayo, bangenza izivivinyo eziningi kuma- “cichlid” angenye yezinhlobo zezinhlanzi zasemanzini. Okushiwo ukuhlolwa kwakulula, izinhlanzi zazondliwa endaweni ethile e-aquarium, bese zithuthelwa kwenye i-aquarium isikhashana, kancane kancane zikhulisa isikhathi esichithwe kuzo. Ngenxa yalokhu, inkumbulo yezinhlanzi endaweni yokudla, ngemuva kokuba zibuyele imvelo yazo, zahlala izinsuku eziyi-12.
Futhi-ke, imzuzwana emingaki lapho inhlanzi igcina inkumbulo? Uma ukholelwa ososayensi abenze lokhu kuhlola, lezinsuku eziyi-12 noma imizuzwana eyi-1038,600. Futhi ngokuqinisekile, inkumbulo yezinhlanzi ayikwazi ukuba mfushane ngemizuzwana, futhi ilingana nesikhathi esamukelwa ngokuvamile - imizuzwana emi-3.
Inkumbulo ifana nenhlanzi.
Inkumbulo ifana nenhlanzi, uyaqiniseka ukuthi ayikukhumbuli?
Uvelaphi umbono mayelana nenkumbulo emfishane yezinhlanzi, kubonakala kimi kuma-angate amateur. Mina uqobo ngingumdobi, futhi imvamisa ngenkathi ngidoba, ngemuva inyamazane elandelayo ngekhefu lokuloba, inhlanzi ngokushesha yaba isisulu. Inhlanzi ngayinye iwazi kahle amagiya ayo, igwegwe nokufakelwa uphawu lwenkumbulo yesibili emfushane. Kwenzeka nokukhululwa okusha, okulimala endaweni ethile yomzimba wabo, inhlanzi.
Kulokhu, umuzwa wemvelo nemizwa yezinkomo, umuzwa wokuncintisana, ngokusobala uyasebenza, ngoba wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ngisho nezinhlanzi ze-aquarium zidla ngaphandle kwesilinganiso futhi zivame ukubulawa ukudla ngokweqile. Kwenzeka into efanayo nezinhlanzi zasemfuleni nezasolwandle, kanti nezinhlanzi zasolwandle zibanjwa ngisho noma zibanjwa nje, kungenye indlela yokudoba olwandle oluvulekile, olubizwa - "ukudoba ngenjongo yokuhlanganisa".
Ngale ndlela, inkumbulo yezinhlanzi zazingabhekwa njalo njengezifushane, khumbula i-"Fisherman ne-Gold Fish", ngoba izinhlanzi zegolide zomdala wakhe kanye nemibuzo yesalukazi sakhe ayizange ikhohlwe. Ngakho-ke, bekungakholelwa njalo ukuthi imemori ye -fishfish yayimfushane.
Labo abaqukethe izinhlanzi zasemanzini, ikakhulukazi lezo zegolide, bathi baziphatha njengamantshontsho lapho bebona umniniyo, bavele bababeke phambi kwakhe, baveze umsila wabo, bezwakalisa injabulo ngakho konke ukubukeka kwabo.
I-aquarium elahliwe, esithombeni esiphezulu yiyo
Futhi inhlanzi elula ye-aquarium, amahlengethwa, nawo anenkumbulo emangalisayo. Lokhu kungukuphawula kwami konke. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi izingane, zithwelwe ngumsebenzi othile, ziyishiya. Yile ndlela engithole ngayo i-aquarium enezinhlanzi, kodwa hhayi eyodwa, kodwa ezimbili - 30 ilitha ne-200 ilitha.
Inhlanzi elula ye-aquarium - ama-dolphin weveli-umsila - isithombe
Sikhiphe izinhlanzi zegolide egunjini elikhulu lase-aquarium, kodwa endaweni encane ye-aquarium kwakusele imidlwane embozwe ngeveli kuphela. Akekho owabanakekelayo, bamondla kanye ngosuku ekuseni, futhi bangeza namanzi okuhwamukayo. Ngaphandle kwamadivayisi wokwenza i-aeration, ngenxa yezitshalo, baphila futhi banda iminyaka eminingana.
Kancane kancane, abakwaGupik baphenduka izinhlanzi ezijwayelekile. Kwakunezinhlanzi ezimbalwa ezinhle kuphela, futhi nginqume ukufaka amantshontsho aselesele weveli endaweni yamanzi enkulu ukubuyisela inani labantu. Kepha lokhu bekungelula ukukwenza, bebengadalanga ukunakwa futhi bengasabi, bamane baziphonsa enetheni emhlanjini kanti nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi zazingezinhle kangako zathunyelwa e-aquarium enkulu.
Kodwa isimanga sami lapho ezinyangeni ezimbalwa sekuyisikhathi sokubuyisa izinkomishi emuva, kwakupholile egumbini elinamanzi amakhulu, angikwazanga ukuwabamba, inhlanzi yakhumbula ukuthi lokho okudluliselwe ngakho nokuthi yini inethi kavemvane.
Kepha e-aquarium encane, lapho izinhlanzi zazondliwe khona ekuseni lapho ngivuswa ngami, zazisendaweni yokudla, naphezu kokuthi ekuqaleni kwekwindla, igumbi enenhlanzi lalisemnyama, futhi angizange ngikhanyise ukukhanya. Futhi usho inkumbulo yezinhlanzi imizuzwana emi-3!
Yini enye ongayifunda esihlokweni:
Inkumbulo yezinhlanzi njengethuluzi lokusinda
Yinkumbulo evumela ukuthi izinhlanzi (ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlala ezindaweni zokugcina zemvelo) ukuzivumelanisa nezwe elingaphandle futhi ziqhubeke nezinhlobo zazo.
Imininingwane izinhlanzi eziyikhumbulayo:
- Iziza ezinothile ngokudla.
- Isiheyidi nesithiyithi.
- Ukuqondiswa kwemisinga nokushisa kwamanzi.
- Izindawo ezingaba yingozi.
- Izitha zemvelo nabangane.
- Izindawo zokuchitha ubusuku.
- Izinkathi.
Inkumbulo yezinhlanzi imizuzwana emi-3 noma inkumbulo yezinhlanzi engakanani
Awusoze wezwa lo mbono wamanga ovela kumchthyologist noma umdobi, ovame ukubamba olwandle nomfula “abaseminyakeni eyikhulu,” abaphila isikhathi eside kuvinjelwa inkumbulo enamandla yesikhathi eside.
Inhlanzi igcina inkumbulo ngokuyifihla futhi ishiye. Ngakho-ke, i-carp ikhetha into efanayo ebusika, indawo etholwe ngaphambili.
Ibhulamu elenziwe ngomshini, uma ulimaka bese ulidedela likhuphuke kakhudlwana noma libheke phansi, nakanjani libuyela endaweni yokudla.
Amawele ahlala emaphaketheni akhumbula abangane bawo. Ukuziphatha okufanayo kukhonjiswa nangezidumbu, ezingena emiphakathini esondelene (ukusuka kubantu ababili kuya kwabaningi). Iqembu elinjalo lihola indlela efanayo yokuphila iminyaka: bathola ukudla ndawonye, babhukuda beqonde ngasikhathi sinye, balale.
I-asp ihlala ihamba ngendlela efanayo futhi idla endaweni yabo "," ekhethwe nguye.
Yini inhlanzi eyikhumbulayo?
Izinhlanzi zasemfuleni, ezihamba nomfula lapho zifuna ukudla, zikhumbule izindawo lapho ungathola khona ukudla okulula ukudla usuku lonke, bese kuthi lapho sekumnyama, zibuyele endaweni yazo yangaphambili, ephephile, lapho ungalala khona ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Bayakwazi ukukhumbula izindawo abachitha kuzo ubusuku, izindawo zobusika kanye nezindawo zokudla. Inhlanzi ayizifihli noma kuphi lapho ubusika buyemukele khona: ifihla endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside. Uma inkumbulo yezinhlanzi ibingasebenzi, bekungeke kube lula ukusinda.
Kulokhu, singakhumbula inhlanzi enjenge-perch, ehlala ezikoleni. Ngaphandle kwenkumbulo, lokhu bekungeke kwenzeke ukukwenza: ngemuva kwakho konke, kungenzeka kakhulu, ama-perches akhumbuzana, ngendlela engacacile kithi.
Ungakhumbula i-asp, edla ngokuthile, yensimu yayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, uhamba ngendlela efanayo zonke izinsuku, ejaha uFry. Futhi, uyazi kahle imingcele yensimu yakhe futhi akabhukudi lapho amehlo akhe ebheka khona.
Cishe wonke umuntu uyazi isisho esithi "inkumbulo efana ne-Goldfish", noma inganekwane ukuthi ihlala imizuzwana emi-3 kuphela. Ikakhulu bathanda ukuyidlulisela ezinhlanzini zasemanzini. Kodwa-ke, leli zwi lingamanga, kunezibonelo eziningi lapho ososayensi befakazele ukuthi inkumbulo yalezi zidalwa ihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngezansi kunezivivinyo ezimbili zesayensi ezenziwa ngabantu abahlukene futhi ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, ezifakazela leli qiniso.
UCharles Sturt University (e-Australia)
Abaphenyi bafuna ubufakazi bokuthi izinhlanzi zinenkumbulo eyindilinga ukwedlula into ecatshangwa njalo. Isikebhe esinesihlabathi esihlala izidumbu zamanzi amasha sasebenza njengesihloko sokuhlola. Kwavela ukuthi izinhlanzi zazikhumbula futhi zisebenzisa amaqhinga ahlukene, ukuzingela izinhlobo ezi-2 zabantu abahlukunyezwayo, futhi futhi zazikhumbula izinyanga ukuthi zihlangana kanjani nomhlaseli.
Imemori emifushane yezinhlanzi (engeqi imizuzwana embalwa) iphinde yaphikiswa ngokuhlolwa. Ababhali bathola ukuthi ubuchopho bezinhlanzi bugcina imininingwane iminyaka engafika kwemithathu.
Israyeli
Ososayensi bakwa-Israyeli batshele umhlaba ukuthi u -fishfish ukhumbula okwenzekile (okungenani) ezinyangeni ezi-5 ezedlule. Lezi zinhlanzi zaziphekelwa emanzini, zihambisana nale nqubo ngomculo ngezikhulumi ezingaphansi kwamanzi.
Ngemuva kwenyanga, abathandi bomculo badedelwa olwandle oluvulekile, kepha baqhubeka nokusakaza izingoma zokuxwayisa ngokuqala kokudla: inhlanzi ngokulalela zahamba ngomsindo ojwayelekile.
Ngale ndlela, ukuhlolwa okuncane kwangaphambilini kufakazele ukuthi i-Goldfish ihlukanisa abaqambi futhi ayidideki uStravinsky noBach.
E-Northern Ireland
Kwatholakala ukuthi igolidefish ikhumbula izinhlungu. Ngokufanisa nozakwabo baseJapan, izazi zesayensi yaseNyakatho ye-Ireland zikhuthaze izakhamizi zase-aquarium ngokushaqeka kukagesi okungenamandla uma zingangena endaweni engavunyelwe.
Abaphenyi bathola ukuthi inhlanzi ikhumbula lo mkhakha lapho yathola khona izinhlungu futhi ayibhukudi lapho okungenani usuku.
ECanada
EYunivesithi yaseMacEwan, ama-cichlid ase-Afrika abekwa olwandle kanti ezinsukwini ezi-3 ukudla kwakudonswa endaweni eyodwa. Ngemuva kwalokho izinhlanzi zidluliselwe kwesinye isitsha, esasihlukile ngesimo nangevolumu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12, babuyiselwe e-aquarium yokuqala futhi baqaphela ukuthi yize bekhefu elide, izinhlanzi ziyahlangana engxenyeni ye-aquarium lapho zinikezwe khona ukudla.
Izici zememori
Umuntu ukhumbula imicimbi ekhanyayo, izimo ezikhethekile, ngisho nezinto ezincane ezimzungezile ngesikhathi esithile empilweni. Ezinhlanzini, konke kuhlukile. Abahlali bezidumbu zamanzi bagxile kulezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- indawo lapho kunokudla
- Indawo yokuhlala (lokushisa lamanzi, izinkathi, inkambo),
- indawo yokulala
- izinto ezisongela impilo nezinto
- abanye abantu abangaba yingozi noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, babonise ubungane.
Ososayensi bahlukanisa izinkumbulo ezimbili: isikhathi esifushane (kususelwa kunkambiso nemikhuba) kanye nesikhathi eside (izinkumbulo). Isibonelo ukufuduka kwesizini, lapho bonke abantu bethuthela ezimweni zokuphila ezinhle kakhulu.
Izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium zinezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhumbula. Banokuphawula okunjalo:
- indawo yokudla
- umnikazi (isithombe sokondli ususa izinhlangano ngokudla, yingakho, lapho umuntu embona, izinhlanzi ziqoqana eduze nodonga lwe-aquarium),
- amapharamitha wesikhathi
- omakhelwane e-aquarium.
Ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuningi, kungashiwo ngokunemba ukuthi izinhlanzi zinenkumbulo. Inganekwane yemizuzwana emithathu imane yamuka.
Ama-cichlid aseCanada
Ngalesi sikhathi, kwenziwa lo msebenzi eCanada, futhi kwenzelwa ukugcina izinhlanzi hhayi uphawu, kepha ngokuqondile indawo okwenzeka kuyo ukudla. Kwathathelwa kuye ama-cichlid amaningana namanzi amabili.
Ososayensi abavela eCanada MacEwan University babeka ama-cichlid e-aquarium eyodwa. Izinsuku ezintathu bondliwa ngokuqinile endaweni ethile. Vele, ngosuku lokugcina, inhlanzi eziningi zibhukuda ziseduze nendawo okuvela kuyo ukudla.
Emva kwalokho, izinhlanzi zathuthelwa kwenye i-aquarium, eyayingafani ngesakhiwo neyedlule, futhi yahluka ngevolumu. Inhlanzi yachitha izinsuku eziyi-12. Ngemuva kwalokho baphinde babekwa ku-aquarium yokuqala.
Ngemuva kokwenza lokhu kuhlolwa, ososayensi baqaphela ukuthi iningi losuku izinhlanzi bezigxile endaweni efanayo lapho zazondliwa khona ngaphambi kokuba zithuthelwe e-aquarium yesibili.
Lokhu kuhlola kufakazele ukuthi izinhlanzi azikwazi ukukhumbula amamaki kuphela, kepha nezindawo. Futhi, lo mkhuba ukhombisile ukuthi ama-cichlid angahlala okungenani izinsuku eziyi-12.
Zombili lezi zivivinyo zifakazela ukuthi inkumbulo yezinhlanzi ayincane kangako. Manje kufanele ukwazi ukuthi kuyini ngempela nokuthi kusebenza kanjani.
IJapan ne-zebrafish
Emzameni wokuqonda ukuthi inkumbulo yezinhlanzi zesikhathi eside zenziwa kanjani, izazi ze-neuroscientist zabona i-zebrafish: ubuchopho bayo obuncane obukhanyayo bulungele kakhulu izivivinyo.
Umsebenzi kagesi wobuchopho ubusungulwe ngenxa yamaprotheni ama-fluorescent, izinhlobo zawo ezethulwe kwiDNA yezinhlanzi phambilini. Besebenzisa idiski encane kagesi, bafundiswa ukushiya isigaba se-aquarium, lapho kwavulwa khona i-diode eblue.
Ekuqaleni kokuhlolwa, ama-neurons asendaweni ebonakalayo yobuchopho ajabule ngemuva kwengxenye yehora, kwathi ngosuku olulodwa kuphela kamuva ama-neurbrain neurons (i-analogue ye-cerebral hemispheres in abantu) athatha i-baton.
Lapho nje leli chungechunge liqala ukusebenza, ukusabela kwezinhlanzi kwaqala ukukhanya ngokushesha: i-diode eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yabangela umsebenzi wama-neurons esifundeni esibonakalayo, esasifaka i-forebrain neurons isigamu sesekhondi.
Uma ososayensi besusa le ndawo ngama-memory neurons, izinhlanzi azikwazanga ukugcina isikhathi eside. Bethukile i-diode eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokushesha ngemuva kokudonsa kukagesi, kodwa abakwenzanga lokho ngemuva kwamahora angama-24.
Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zaseJapan nazo zithole ukuthi uma inhlanzi ibuyiselwa emuva, inkumbulo yayo yesikhathi eside iyashintsha, kepha ayiphindi yakhe.
Ukuchazwa komqondo
Ngemuva kokufunda ngokuziphatha kwezidumbu, ososayensi bathola ukuthi bayabakhumbula abangane babo. Sonke isikhathi abasichitha eqenjini elilodwa. Echibini, ahamba ngendlela efanayo. Lokhu kufakazela iqiniso lokuthi izinhlanzi zinenkumbulo futhi ziyisebenzisa ngokugcwele empilweni yansuku zonke. Emjikelezweni ngamunye kunezinhlanzi ezindala nezinkulu kunazo zonke.
Ososayensi baphakamisa ukuthi kungenye indlela ukuthi abantu abasha babelane ngolwazi lwabo. Isibonelo, ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani ukudla kusukela ekuthini isithiyo, ukuthi ungangeni kanjani enetheni nasemazinyweni kuya kumphangi. Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu, wakwazi ukuphila iminyaka eminingi kangaka futhi angabanjwa futhi adliwe.
Uma ubamba inhlanzi bese uyikhulula, ngokuqinisekile ibuyela emndenini wayo.
UMfula ukhumbula izindawo okwakudliwa kuzo nasebusika. Ngemuva kwakho konke, bachitha ubusika endaweni efanayo iminyaka eminingi. Ngaphandle kwenkumbulo, bebengeke bakwazi ukusinda. Isibonelo, ukuthi i-perch ihlala kanjani ephaketheni. Ubengeke akwenze lokhu ukube ngandlela thile wayengabakhumbuli abalingani bakhe.
Impilo yesitoreji yezinkumbulo incike ekubalulekeni kwabo.
Izithombe zemitholampilo
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-pyometra kwikati zivela cishe inyanga ngemuva kokuphela kwenkathi yokuya ocansini, lapho izimo ezilungele ukukhula kwamagciwane zihlala esibelethweni. Izimpawu zomunye wezinhlobonhlobo ze-purulent endometritis ikakhulu zincike kwifomu inqubo inqubo eqhubeka kuyo.
Ngefomu elivaliwe, izimpawu ze-pyometra kwikati zivezwa ngaphezulu, ngoba izinhlayiya ezingenahlwili ziqongelela ezimpondweni zesibeletho nasezithweni zomzimba obushelelezi ongavuthiwe, ngaphandle kokuya ngaphandle. Ungasola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngezibonakaliso ezilandelayo:
- isisu sangaphansi sekati sikhuphukile ngosayizi, siqinile futhi sibuhlungu,
- isilwane sihlala somile futhi asifuni ukudla lutho,
- ngezikhathi ezithile, isifo sohudo nokuhlanza
- izinga lokushisa lomzimba liyenyuka
- ikati livame ukuya ku-tray ukukhipha isinye,
- ngenxa yokuthi isilwane sivame ukukhotha indawo enenkinga, kuvela izihlahla ezinweleni,
- isilwane sesingenandaba futhi asifuni ukudlala nomnikazi.
Inkumbulo yezinhlanzi zasendle
Izinhlanzi ezihlala emizimbeni yamanzi nazo zinenkumbulo enhle kakhulu. Barekhoda futhi ngemuva kwalokho bangakhumbula okulandelayo:
- izindawo zokudla ezicebile
- izindawo eziyingozi zedamu
- imisinga
- emithonjeni engaphansi kwamanzi
- lokushisa
- izindawo ezingapheli ubusuku
- izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuthi isheyiti, izingwegwe, ukugoqa,
- izinkomba zezikebhe nezikebhe,
- izinkathi,
- abahlaseli
- abahlali abangaphansi kwamanzi abanentshisekelo yokudla.
Ukuhlolwa kwase-Australia
Lokhu kulinga kwenziwa ngumfundi uRorau Stoke.
Le nsizwa yanquma ukuphikisana nombuso mayelana nokuntuleka kwenkumbulo enhlanzini.
Ukuze enze lokhu, wethula isibani esikhethekile sasemanzini ngezinhlanzi ngemizuzwana eyi-13 ngaphambi kokondla. Nguye owasayina okondlayo kusenesikhathi.
Le nsizwa yehlise umaki ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene amasonto amathathu. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, babuthana eduze kwendlu yokukhanyisela imizuzwana engama-60. Ekupheleni kokuhlolwa, ngalesi sikhathi sehlisiwe saba yimizuzwana emi-5. Emva kwalokho wabondla ngaphandle kwesikhwanyana izinsuku eziyisithupha. Lapho le nsizwa iphinda yehlisa uphawu emanzini, abalambile babuthana kuye imizuzwana engu-4,5.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Cichlid
Ngokuphawuleka ikakhulukazi ukulingwa okwenziwe ngumfundi wase-Australia. Wabeka ubhontshisi endaweni lapho aphonsa khona ukudla ezifuyweni zakhe.Futhi wayibeka ezindaweni ezihlukile, ukuze izinhlanzi zikhumbule ilebuli futhi wakwenza imizuzwana eyi-13 ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa kokudla. Lokhu kwaqhubeka amasonto amathathu.
Ngemuva kwalokho umcwaningi uthathe ikhefu lezinsuku eziyisithupha futhi wasabalalisa ukudla ngaphandle kukakhonkolo. Ngemuva kokuphinda aqale lo msebenzi wokuhlola, wamangala ukuthola ukuthi ngemuva kokuvela kwendlu yokukhanyisela, izinhlanzi zathatha imizuzwana emi-4 ukubhukuda zaya endaweni.
Lokhu kukhombisile ukuthi inkumbulo yesikhathi eside nesifushane ithuthukiswe kahle kwezinhlanzi. Okusho ukuthi, bakhumbula umcimbi owenzeke ngesonto eledlule, futhi baba nesineke sokulinda imizuzwana eyishumi nambili ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa kokudla ngemuva kokusuka kolwandle.
Ososayensi abavela eCanada benza isivivinyo esihluke ngokuphelele ukuthola inkumbulo yezinhlanzi. Bazama ukuthola ukuthi ama-cichlid akwazi ukukhumbula kahle indawo ethile yokudla, engahlotshaniswa nophawu lwentengiso.
Izinsuku ezintathu bathela ukudla ku-aquarium endaweni eyodwa ethile. Ekupheleni kokuhlolwa, inhlanzi eziningi zibhukuda lapho. Ngemuva kwalokho wonke ama-cichlid atshintshelwa kwenye i-aquarium, eyayihluke ngokuphelele kokubumbeka kanye nevolumu kusuka kokuqala. Bahlala lapho izinsuku eziyi-12. Ngemuva kwalokho babuyiselwa enkulukazi yabo yendabuko. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi zonke izinhlanzi zazibhukuda endaweni ngqo lapho zinikezwe khona ukudla ezinsukwini eziyishumi nambili ezedlule.
Olunye ucwaningo oluningi selwenziwe. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu isipiliyoni sabacwaningi baseJapan, lapho kwafundwa khona izinhlanzi ezinemizimba ebonakalayo, futhi ososayensi abasebenzisa amalebula afakiwe bangakwazi ukubona umsebenzi wobuchopho bezidalwa eziphilayo.
Sikunikeza ukuba uzijwayeze ngalokhu: Okudingayo ukuthola inhlanzi || Okudingayo ukuthola izinhlanzi
Kunoma ikuphi, izivivinyo eziningi, ukuhlola okwenziwe ngokoqobo kukhombisa ukuthi inkumbulo yezinhlanzi akuyona inkolelo, futhi idlula imizuzwana emithathu. Akuwona wonke umuntu okwazi ukugcina imininingwane inqobo nje uma lezi zidalwa. Ngakho-ke akwaziwa ukuthi ngubani owacasulwa kakhulu ngumethuli we-TV ongenhla - uMichael Phelps noma inhlanzi.
Ifakwe ngumfundi oneminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu uRorau Stokes. Le nsizwa ekuqaleni yayingabungabazi ubuqiniso bezinsolo zenkumbulo emfishane yezinhlanzi. Wabalwa ukuthola ukuthi izinhlanzi zizokhumbula isikhathi esingakanani into ebalulekile kuye.
Ukuze ahlolwe, wabeka abantu abaningana bezinhlanzi zegolide e-aquarium. Kwathi ngemizuzwana eyi-13 ngaphambi kokondla, wehlisa umaki we-beacon emanzini, okwasebenza njengophawu lokuthi kuzoba nokudla kule ndawo. Uyehlise ezindaweni ezihlukile, ukuze izinhlanzi zingakhumbuli indawo, kodwa umaki uqobo. Lokhu kwenzeke kungakapheli amasonto amathathu. Kuyathokozisa ukuthi ezinsukwini zokuqala zenhlanzi eqoqwe uphawu umzuzwana, kepha ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile kulokhu kuncishiswe kwaba yimizuzwana emi-5.
Ngemuva kokudlula kwamasonto amathathu, uRorau wayeka ukubeka ama-tag e-aquarium futhi wawondla izinsuku eziyisithupha ngaphandle kwamamaki. Ngosuku lwe-7, waphinda wafaka umaki e-aquarium. Ngokumangazayo, kwathatha izinhlanzi kuphela imizuzwana engu-4,5 ukubutha endaweni yokumaka ngenkathi kulindwe ukudla.
Lokhu kuhlola kukhombise ukuthi inkumbulo ye-goldfish yinde kakhulu kunendlela abaningi abacabanga ngayo. Esikhundleni semizuzwana emi-3, inhlanzi yakhumbula ukuthi indlu yokukhanyisela, ixwayisa ngokudla, yayibukeka kanjani izinsuku eziyi-6 futhi lokhu, ngokunokwenzeka, kwakungewona umkhawulo.
Uma umuntu ethi lokhu kuyindaba eyodwa, nansi esinye isibonelo.
Igama lama-aquarists anolwazi
Othile, nama-olwandle angakhuluma ngezilwane ezifuywayo amahora amaningi. Bangabuye futhi bakhombise isikhathi eside ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zinememori yangempela.
Ngokusho kwabanikazi, ingqondo yezinhlanzi ayisiyisi kangako. Kulula ukuhlola inkumbulo yakhe ngosizo lomsebenzi wakhe owuthandayo wezinhlanzi - ukondla.
Ezindizeni ezinkulu, kuyisiko ukubeka eceleni ekhoneni elihlukile lokudla. Futhi izinhlanzi, vele, khumbula ukuthi zikuphi.
Labo abondla izilwane ezifuywayo ngewashi kufanele babone ukuthi abakhileyo olwandle lwegumbi bahlangana kanjani emihlambini yondlayo ngesikhathi esimisiwe. Izinhlanzi azikhumbuli kuphela indawo yokudlela, kepha futhi zikhumbule isikhathi sokudla.
Abanye abanikazi bathi izilwane zabo ezifuywayo ziyakwazi ngisho nokuhlukanisa phakathi kwabanikazi. Basabela ngodlame kubantu abathile futhi bayabazi abangabazi. Inganekwane enje yenkondlo ingaqiniswa yimvelo evamile yokuzilonda. Izinhlanzi, njengezinye izilwane, ziqaphile izidalwa ezingaziwa. Ukuqashelwa okufanayo kungabonakala ngokufaka isivakashi esisha endaweni ehlala abantu abasemanzini.
Kungani i -fishfish inenkumbulo yemizuzwana emi-3?
I -fishfish ehlala e-aquarium, ngokungafani neqiniso elamukelwa ngokuvamile, ayinayo inkumbulo "yemizuzwana emithathu". Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngonyaka ka 2003 e-School of Psychology e-University of Plitmouth luveze ukuthi inkumbulo ye-Goldfish "isebenza" okungenani izinyanga ezintathu, ngenkathi ibona ukwakheka, imisindo, imibala. Ukuthola ukwelashwa, bafundiswa ukwehlisa i-lever encane. Kamuva, phakathi nalezi zifundo, i-lever yashintshwa ukuze isebenze ihora elilodwa kuphela ngosuku futhi izinhlanzi zafunda ngokushesha ukubeka lover ekusebenzeni ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukuhlolwa okuningana okufanako kukhombisile ukuthi akunzima ukufundisa inhlanzi ezindaweni ezinamanzi amakhulu noma ezinkanjini ukondla ngasikhathi sinye nasendaweni eyodwa lapho kunikezwa isignali ethile yomsindo. Futhi, izinhlanzi, zibhukuda emanzini, zingathinti udonga, hhayi ngoba ziyayibona, kodwa ngenxa yokusebenzisa uhlelo olukhethekile olubhekele ingcindezi ezungeze inhlanzi uqobo. Lolu hlelo lubizwa ngokuthi i-sideline. Kunezinhlobo ezihlukile zezinhlanzi ezihlala emihumeni ezigxile ebumnyameni obukhulu kuphela ngosizo lwendawo yazo. Omunye umbono ongaqondile: i-goldenfishfish ekhulelwe ayikwazi ukuba yisibonelo 'sobuphukuphuku obugcwele' (okhulelwe, futhi obhemayo). Iqiniso ngukuthi inhlanzi, kufaka phakathi i -fishfish, empeleni, ayinakukhulelwa - ziyavela, ezihlanganiswa ngabesilisa ngqo emanzini.
Yini inkumbulo yezinhlanzi
Umbono ongaqondile ngememori emithathu-yesibili usuvele uphikiswa ngabathandi bezilwane ezijwayelekile zasemanzini. Ngamunye wabo unquma isikhathi sememori yezinhlanzi ngokuhlukile. Othile wabela isikhathi sememori emfushane semizuzu emi-2, omunye unikeza ezinye izinombolo, kepha wonke umuntu uyavuma ukuthi ungawuhlakulela umkhuba wokubhukuda ufike endaweni yokudla ngokungqongqoza noma ngesinye isibonakaliso esinemibandela. Izinhlanzi eziningi zingahlukanisa umnikazi we-aquarium nomuntu wangaphandle.
Lapho ufunda impilo yezidumbu, kwatholakala ukuthi zingakha amaqembu azinzile, zibole futhi zihlangane futhi.
Akukhathalekile iminyaka yamalungu omphakathi. Amalungu "omndeni" akahambi ngokungashintshi, kepha alandela imizila ethile. Zinezindawo zazo ezingapheli zokondla, ubusuku bonke, indawo yokukhosela. Lokhu kukodwa kufakazela ukuthi izinhlanzi azinayo imemori emfushane kangako.
Ngasikhathi sinye, iqembu ngalinye 'linomakadebona' walo onganikeza ngandlela thile isipiliyoni sakhe kubangane abancane.
Yini ngempela enengqondo ukuyikhumbula
Inkumbulo yezinhlanzi ihluke kakhulu kumuntu. Inezici ezikhethiwe; yilokho kuphela okubalulekile okukhunjulwa. Izinhlanzi zasemfuleni zikhumbula izindawo okondliwa kuzo, indawo yokuphumula, amalungu omhlambi, izitha zemvelo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zememori yezinhlanzi - ezinde nezifushane.
Izinhlanzi ze-Aquarium nazo zikhumbula ulwazi abaludingayo. Ngokungafani nabafowabo abakhululekile, bayakwazi nokuhlala bekhumbula ukuthi ngubani umnikazi, isikhathi sokondla. Iningi labathandi bezinhlanzi abanolwazi libona ukuthi uma bondla izilwane ezifuywayo ngehora, bese kuthi ngesikhathi sokudla, bonke abancane baqoqane endaweni eyodwa belindele ukudla.
Bayakwazi nokukhumbula bonke abakhileyo e-aquarium. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi bathole abasanda kufika abangena kwi-aquarium. Ezinye izinhlanzi zitadisha izakhamuzi ezintsha ngentshisakalo, ezinye zinamahloni ngabantu ezingabazi.
Ukuphendula ngokuthembekile umbuzo othi "ingabe izinhlanzi zinenkumbulo?", Kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene.
UMfula
Okokuqala, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi imemori yezinhlanzi ihluke ngokuphelele kwimemori yomuntu. Abakhumbuli, njengabantu, ezinye izehlakalo zokuphila ezakhayo, amaholide, njll. Ngokuyinhloko, izinkumbulo ezibalulekile kuphela ezingxenyeni zalo. Ezinhlanzini ezihlala endaweni yemvelo, lokhu kufaka:
- Izindawo zokondla
- Izindawo zokulala
- Izindawo eziyingozi
- “Izitha” kanye “Nabangani”.
Ezinye izinhlanzi zingakhumbula izinkathi zonyaka kanye lokushisa kwamanzi. Futhi abasemfuleni bakhumbula ijubane lamanje engxenyeni ethile yomfula abahlala kuwo.
Kufakazelwe ukuthi izinhlanzi zinememori ehambelana ngokuqondile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bathwebula izithombe ezithile bese bezikwazi ukuzenza kabusha. Banenkumbulo yesikhathi eside esekelwe kwimemori. Kukhona nesikhathi esifushane, esisuselwa kwimikhuba.
Isibonelo, izinhlobo zemifula zingahlala emaqenjini athile, lapho ngamunye wabo ekhumbula bonke "abangane" asendaweni yabo, badla endaweni eyodwa nsuku zonke, futhi balala kwenye futhi bakhumbule izindlela eziphakathi kwabo ezidlula ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo, ezifuywayo, khumbula nje izindawo zazo zangaphambili futhi zifinyelela kalula ezindaweni lapho ungathola khona ukudla. Akunandaba ukuthi kudlula isikhathi esingakanani, izinhlanzi zihlala zithola indlela eya lapho zazikhona futhi zizohamba kahle kakhulu.
I-Aquarium
Manje cabanga ngezakhamizi zase-aquarium, zona, njengezihlobo zazo ezikhululekile, zinezinhlobo ezimbili zememori, ukuze zazi kahle:
- Indawo yokuthola ukudla.
- Breadwinner. Bayakukhumbula, yingakho lapho usondela lapho beqala ukubhukuda kahle noma babuthane emkhombeni wokudla. Akunandaba ukuthi ukhuphukela kangaki e-aquarium.
- Isikhathi abondliwa ngaso. Uma ukwenze ngokucophelela ngehora, khona-ke ngisho nangaphambi kokuba indlela yakho iqale ukugoba endaweni lapho, kungenzeka, kube nokudla.
- Zonke izakhamizi zasemanzini ezikulo, noma ngabe zingaki.
Lokhu kubasiza ukuba bahlukanise phakathi kokufika osubanqume ukuzikhukulula, yingakho ezinye izinhlobo zibaleka kubo okokuqala, kuyilapho ezinye zibhukuda ngokusondela ukuze zifunde kangcono isivakashi. Kunoma ikuphi, entsha ayibonakali okokuqala.
Singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi izinhlanzi zinenkumbulo nakanjani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude besikhathi sayo bungahluka ngokuphelele, kusukela ezinsukwini eziyi-6, njengoba isipiliyoni se-Australia sakhombisa, kuya eminyakeni eminingi, njengezidumbu zomfula. Ngakho-ke uma bekutshela ukuthi inkumbulo yakho ifana nenhlanzi, bayithathe njengokuncoma, ngoba abanye abantu bayayithola incane.
Isipiliyoni sase-Australia
Ngokuphawuleka ikakhulukazi ukulingwa okwenziwe ngumfundi wase-Australia. Wabeka ubhontshisi endaweni lapho aphonsa khona ukudla ezifuyweni zakhe. Futhi wayibeka ezindaweni ezihlukile, ukuze izinhlanzi zikhumbule ilebuli futhi wakwenza imizuzwana eyi-13 ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa kokudla. Lokhu kwaqhubeka amasonto amathathu. Izinsuku zokuqala izinhlanzi zazidinga okungenani umzuzu wokubutha endaweni yokusatshalaliswa. Ekupheleni kokuhlolwa, base beqedile ukwenza lo msebenzi ngemizuzwana emihlanu.
Ngemuva kwalokho umcwaningi uthathe ikhefu lezinsuku eziyisithupha futhi wasabalalisa ukudla ngaphandle kukakhonkolo. Ngemuva kokuphinda aqale lo msebenzi wokuhlola, wamangala ukuthola ukuthi ngemuva kokuvela kwendlu yokukhanyisela, izinhlanzi zathatha imizuzwana emi-4 ukubhukuda zaya endaweni.
Lokhu kukhombisile ukuthi inkumbulo yesikhathi eside nesifushane ithuthukiswe kahle kwezinhlanzi. Okusho ukuthi, bakhumbula umcimbi owenzeke ngesonto eledlule, futhi baba nesineke sokulinda imizuzwana eyishumi nambili ngaphambi kokusatshalaliswa kokudla ngemuva kokusuka kolwandle.
Inkumbulo yezinhlanzi. Ngabe ukhona?
Phakathi kwabadobi kunemibono eyiphutha evamile: inhlanzi inememori emfushane kakhulu, elinganiswa cishe ngemizuzwana.
Lokhu empeleni kungukukhohlisa. Izinhlanzi zinenkumbulo enhle, njengabamele abanyama, futhi bazivumelanisa kahle nezimo eziseduze.
Labo ababenezinhlanzi ze-aquarium bayazi ukuthi basikhumbula kahle isikhathi sokudla. Futhi balindele ukondliwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi izinhlanzi zinokwazi ukubona abantu abahlukile. Isibonelo, ukusabela kwezinhlanzi ze-aquarium kumuntu okungahleliwe kanye nalowo ozondla njalo kuhluke ngokuphelele. Ngokushesha lapho kuzovela owondlayo, bonke baphile futhi bakulungele ukondliwa.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi izinhlanzi eziningi ziyazazi izithandani zazo njengento ebambekayo, futhi ziyakwazi ukuhlala ndawonye amaviki noma iminyaka.
Yini inkumbulo yezinhlanzi?
Izifundo eziningi zokuphila kwe-carps zikhombisile ukuthi ama-carps achitha isikhathi ezungezwe "ngabangane" abafanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iminyaka yomuntu ngamunye ingahluka kakhulu. Ngezikhathi ezihlukile zonyaka nangaphansi kwezimo ezihlukile, leli qembu lingaba nabantu abaningana izinhlanzi eziningana. Inkumbulo yezinhlanzi ingaqukatha ngesizotha izithombe ezihambisana nayo bese usebenza nayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kuqhamuka iqembu elikhulu lezinhlanzi, amaqembu afanayo okuqala akha njengakuqala. Lokhu kusebenzisana kungahlala amasonto ambalwa noma iminyaka kwezinye izimo. Iqembu elinjalo linezindawo zalo eziyintandokazi zokuphumula, ukuhlala ubusuku ubusuku, ukuzondla, imizila yalo engapheli, esevele ikhombisa ukuthi inkumbulo yezinhlanzi ziyasebenza. Yebo, ngokwazi imikhuba yezinhlanzi, kudingeka sifunde ukuthi singazi kanjani izinhlanzi.
Uma ubamba inhlanzi bese uyikhulula, khona-ke ezimweni eziningi ibuyela endaweni yayo ehlala njalo. Futhi izothola abangane bayo bangaphambili. Wayengakwenza kanjani lokhu uma enenkumbulo emfushane, futhi engakwazi ukucabanga nokukhumbula?
Inhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke eqenjini
ne eliqaphe kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu kuqapha nangengqondo yakhe, waphila ngobukhulu bakhe. Izinhlanzi ezinjalo zinolwazi ekuhlonzeni imishini yokudla kanye nokudla okufuywayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkumbulo yezinhlanzi ibamba konke lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho futhi kuyisize isinde. Izinhlanzi zasemfuleni, ngokwesibonelo, zivame ukuhamba eceleni komfula. Bangaba nezindawo zokudla ezahlukahlukene usuku lonke, futhi kusihlwa bathuthela ezindaweni eziphephile lapho bahlala khona ubusuku. Ngokuya ngesimo sezulu sonyaka, indlela yokuziphatha kwezinhlanzi ingashintsha, kepha bese iphinda futhi.
Lokhu kuziphatha kwezinhlanzi kuphakamisa ukuthi inhlanzi isebenza ngokubambisana futhi ikhumbule, ixhumanisa izimo zemvelo futhi ithole ukudla, ukuphepha nomsindo ongandile, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi, ukugeleza, inkathi nokuningi. Ngakho-ke inkumbulo yezinhlanzi, ikhono lazo lokucabanga, akusekelwa ize ngabadobi.
Futhi kuyothokozisa ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinhlanzi zokuzwa ezinayo.
I-Etiology yesifo
Imvamisa, inqubo ye-pathological ethinta uhlelo lokuzala yesilwane iqoshwa ezifuyweni ngokungalingani kwe-hormonal. Ukuqunjelwa okuphezulu kwe-estrogen emzimbeni kuholela ekwakhekeni kwe-endometrial hyperplasia, ngenxa yalokho lokhu kuqina kube nzima ngenxa yokugcwala koketshezi emithanjeni ye-fibrous.
Phakathi kwezinye izizathu zokuthi kungani lesi sifo senzeka, kufanele siqokonyiswe:
- ukufakwa kwengqondo kwe-ejenti ethelelekayo esibelethweni ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kwenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezikude kakhulu ne-sterility,
- zonke izinhlobo zokulimala kanye nokulimala kwemishini kwezicubu ezithambile ezibangelwa ukunakekelwa kwezibeletho okungafundile,
- wehlise ithoni yesibeletho,
- izifo zesifo esithathelwanayo noma ezihlaselayo, ama-causative agents abo athinta isimo sohlelo lokuzala lwesilwane,
- ukuzalanisa nabesilisa abagulayo,
- ukuthatha imishanguzo equkethe ama-hormone adingekayo ukucindezela i-estrus.
Umbono ongashayi mkhuba wabadobi
Umbono wabasolwandle ungachazwa. Uthando lwezilwane ezifuywayo nobunye ubumnene nakanjani luzobeka umnikazi ngasohlangothini lobuhle. Kwenziwa umbono ohluke ngokuphelele kubadobi 'abaxhumana' nezakhamuzi ezikhululekile zemizimba yamanzi.
Bexabana ngememori yezinhlanzi, abadobi sekuyisikhathi eside behlukaniswa ngamakamu amabili.
Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ezintantayo azikwazi ukukhumbula lutho. Bakuphikisa lokhu "nge-rake efanayo" noma yimuphi umuntu we-crucian ongena kuyo, oklebhula ngodobo. Lapho nje ezokwazi ukuphunyula ekufeni kwakhe, ngokushesha ugaqa ikhonkwane elilandelayo.
Kodwa-ke, imizwa nemihlambi yokuncintisana ibingakakhanselwa. Izindebe ezilimele ngegiya akusona isizathu sokushaywa yindlala, inhlanzi iyanquma. Bese-ke ephinda futhi.
Abanye abadobi, kunalokho, bavikela ilungelo le-fin lokucabanga ngamakhono. Labo abondla ngenkuthalo ukukhiqizwa okuvela phesheya kwezilwandle okuleli qembu.Iningi lalaba badobi linendawo abayithandayo lapho bathanda ukuhamba khona noma ngezimpelasonto kusuka ezinsukwini zokudoba. Ngemuva kokuba efundise inhlanzi ukudla endaweni efanayo, lo msizi uhlinzeka ngesibabule esihle kakhulu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izinhlanzi ngokuqinisekile zizofika endaweni enempilo.
Izinhlanzi zinememori eminingi. IGenetics ifakazele ukwenzeka kwe-bioluminescence enhlanzini.
Ososayensi baqhathanisa izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-bioluminescent, bathola ukuthi leli khono lavela emaqenjini ahlukene ngokuzimela komunye nomunye, babanikeza ukuchuma okusheshayo. Ezinye izinhlanzi zafunda ukukhazimula imbala eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyi-150 edlule, esikhathini sokuqala sokubusa kwamadayinaso.
I-Bioluminescence iyenzeka kubahlali abaningi basolwandle abaningi. Ngokuya kokulinganisa okwenziwa yi-ichthyologists yaseMelika eqenjini likaMatthew Davis, cishe ama-80% ezilwanyana zasolwandle ezinamakhemikhali amaningi anekhanya. Kungase kuhambisane nomsebenzi wamaprotheni akhethekile, kepha kaningi kakhulu - ngomsebenzi wama-bacteriotic we-typiotic asevele enawo la maprotheni.
Emsebenzini osanda kwenziwa, uDavis nozakwabo baqhathanisa izinhlobo zokuhlobana ezihlobene ne-bioluminescence ezinhlotsheni zezinhlanzi ezingaphezu kuka-300, okuyingxenye yezinhlanzi ezibusa esikhathini sethu. Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa ivezwa embhalweni oshicilelwe ngumagazini kaPlos One. Ososayensi bathole ukuthi leli khono lenzekile ezinhlanzini ngokuzimela okungenani izikhathi ezingama-27 futhi litholakala emaqenjini ayishumi nambili e-ray-feather.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubonakala kwe-bioluminescence kuzo zonke izimo kuqale eminyakeni engaba yizigidi eziyi-150 edlule - inkathi yesikhathi sokuqala seCretaceous, lapho amadayinisi ebusa emhlabeni futhi kuvela izitshalo zokuqala eziqhakaza kuphela. I-Bioluminescence yaba yinto etholakalayo enhle, futhi ababhali bakhombisa ukuthi kungekudala nje ngemuva kokuvela kwalesi sici, amaqembu ezinhlanzi zasendulo anwebeka ngokushesha, efunda izingqondo ezintsha futhi akha nezinhlobo ezintsha.
Eqinisweni, kubahlali bokujula okubandayo, cishe kuwukuphela komthombo wokukhanya lapho ucwiliswa. I-"Backlight" ejulile yolwandle ikuvumela ukuba umaski wakho omnyama, ucashe kwabazingeli bakho. Kukhona nomndeni wezinhlanzi ezihlangene nezingamakhemikhali, okuthi uma kwenzeka zibhekene nengozi ziphonse umiyane okhanyayo emanzini, zidide umdlwembe futhi uzivumele ukuba zicashe.
Umfundi wezinhlanzi uqeqeshiwe kanjani
Ngenkathi abadobi kanye nezasolwandle bephikisana ngememori yezinhlanzi, ososayensi bekuyisikhathi eside benza ucwaningo lobuciko. Amateurs anentshisekelo nawo ayabandakanyeka ocwaningweni. Umuzwa olula nolusizo kakhulu kwaba ngumfundi wase-Australia.
Ezama ukuthola ukuthi zingaki imizuzwana enenhlanzi enenkumbulo, wasebenzisa izakhamuzi ze-aquarium yasekhaya ejwayelekile. Ukuhlolwa bekusekwe ekuondleni okufanayo. Umfundi uthathe isinqumo sokunquma ukuthi ngabe izinhlanzi ziyakwazi yini ukukhumbula amasimi anemibandela. Ukuze enze lokhu, wakhe i-beacon ekhethekile, ayibeka ku-aquarium imizuzwana engu-13 ngaphambi kokudla. Usuku ngalunye, ithegi lalibekwa endaweni entsha ukuze izinhlanzi zixhume umphako ngalo.
Kwathatha izinhlanzi cishe amasonto amathathu ukujwayela ilebuli. Ngalesi sikhathi, bafunde ukubuthana endlini yokukhanyisela balindela ukuthi kudliwe okuphakelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni kwesifundo, ukuqoqwa kwathatha okungaphezu komzuzu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20, uFry olambile waqoqana ngemizuzwana embalwa!
Umfundi akagcinanga lapho. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezilandelayo, okuphakelayo kwakondliwe e-aquarium ngaphandle kwesixwayiso. Indlu yokhanyayo ayizange iwele, futhi abakhileyo emanzini abadli emaphaketheni.
Ngemuva kwesonto, umfundi waphinda wehlisa umaki wesiginali. Wamangala kakhulu lapho ethola izinhlanzi ziqoqwe yiqembu ngemizuzwana emine nje. Bakhumbula i-algorithm eyenzeka ngesonto eledlule, futhi balinda ukudla ngesineke.
Noma yimuphi umnikazi we-aquarium angahlola ukuthi inhlanzi inkumbulo engakanani.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuba:
- inhlanzi
- i-aquarium engenzeka
- isibonakaliso sesibonakaliso
- ukudla okujwayelekile kwezinhlanzi
- isikhathi.
Ukuhlolwa kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani kuncike ekubekezelweni komhloli!
Ososayensi nenkumbulo
Ucwaningo lokondla izakhamuzi zase-aquarium nalo lwenziwa ososayensi. Izingqondo ezikhanyayo zaseCanada zasebenzisa ama-cichlids ajwayelekile we-aquarium ngolwazi lwabo.
Lapho umhlambi ongabhekile walezi zinhlanzi ezincane uthole ukuthi ukudla kuvela endaweni efanayo. Abaphenyi abaze basebenzise ubuhlalu namasiginali. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, iningi lezifundo lalihlala ligijimela “endaweni yokudlela” ukubheka ukuthi kukhona yini ukudla lapho. Lapho inhlanzi, ngokulindela isimangaliso, icishe iyeke ukushiya indawo yokuthokozela, ososayensi bayifaka kwelinye i-aquarium.
Amandla amasha ayehluke ngokuhlukile kulawangaphambili. Isakhiwo se-aquarium kanye nengaphakathi laso kwakungejwayelekile ezinhlanzini. Lapho kwakufanele baphile izinsuku eziyi-12. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, ama-cichlid abuyiselwe olimini lwawo lwendabuko. Bonke ngokushesha bagcwala bezungeza ekhoneni labo abalithandayo, abangazange balikhohlwe selokhu kuguqulwa indawo yokuhlala.
Ososayensi baphetha ngokuthi imizuzwana mincane kakhulu into yokulinganisa inkumbulo yezinhlanzi
Ukuhlolwa kwezakhamizi zasemanzini kuye kwenziwa kaningi.
Ososayensi abavela emhlabeni jikelele bazama ukuthola ukuthi inhlanzi ibambe amasekhondi amangaki. Kepha bafika esiphethweni sokuthi amandla engqondo e-waterfowl akufanele alinganiswe nhlobo emayunithi amancane lesikhathi.
Njengoba siqoqe wonke amaqiniso nemiphumela yocwaningo, singasho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi luhlobo luni lwenkumbulo enezinhlanzi. Futhi idlula imizuzwana emi-3, eyaba isisekelo amahlaya amaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisho esithi "inkumbulo, njenge -fishfish" manje sesifanele ukungabi inhlekisa, kepha ukuncoma kwasekuqaleni.
Impendulo yombuzo, hlobo luni lwezinkumbulo izinhlanzi ezinalo, olunikezwe ngabachwepheshe bezinto eziphilayo. Baphikisana nokuthi inhlolovo yabo (yamahhala ne-aquarium) ikhombisa inkumbulo yesikhathi eside neyesikhashana.
Futhi futhi ... Australia
Umfundi oneminyaka engu-15 ubudala wase-Adelaide wenza umsebenzi wokuvuselela amandla engqondo we-Goldfish.
URorau Stoke wehlise ama-beacons akhethekile emanzini, futhi ngemuva kwemizuzwana eyi-13 wathela ukudla kule ndawo. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, izakhamuzi zase-aquarium zazicabanga umzuzu, bese zibhukuda zize zifike kumaki. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-3 wokuziqeqesha, bazithola sebesondele nesiginali ngaphansi kwemizuzwana emi-5.
Izinsuku eziyisithupha, ilebula ayizange ivele ku-aquarium. Ukumbona ngosuku lwesikhombisa, inhlanzi zaqopha umlando, zisondele ngemizuzwana engu-4,4. Umsebenzi weStok ubonise ikhono elihle lezinhlanzi okufanele zikhunjulwe.
Lokhu nokunye ukuhlola kukhombisile ukuthi izivakashi ze-aquarium zinga:
- Qopha isikhathi sokuphaka,
- khumbula indawo okondlayo,
- ukwehlukanisa owondla abanye abantu,
- ukuqonda "abahlala naye" abasha nabadala abazungeze i-aquarium,
- khumbula imizwa engemihle bese uyigwema,
- phendula imisindo uhlukanise phakathi kwabo.
Isifinyezo - izinhlanzi eziningi, njengabantu, zikhumbula izehlakalo ezibalulekile empilweni yazo isikhathi eside kakhulu. Futhi izifundo ezintsha ezisekela lo mbono ngeke zinde.
Lokhu kungumbono ongelona iqiniso, izinhlanzi zinobuhlakani obukhulu kunenkolelo evamile. Ngokusho kwabaphenyi base-University of Grant McEwan, Canada, ngisho nezinhlanzi zasemanzini zingayikhumbula le ndawo okudla kuyo kuze kufike ezinsukwini eziyi-12, futhi lokhu kungamaphindwe angama-350 ezinkulungwane kunokuba bekucatshangwa ngaphambili.
Yini izinhlanzi zasemanzini ezazikhumbulayo?
Izazi zasolwandle eziqondayo ziyazi kahle ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo ziyakwazi ukukhumbula okuningi, ziqala ngokukhohlisa okuhambisana nokondla, ziphela ngezimo eziyingozi.
Uma ukhathazekile ngememori yezinhlanzi, cishe uzokuba nentshisekelo yokwazi ukuthi yini lezi zidalwa ezingase zikukhumbule. Okungukuthi:
- omakhelwane e-aquarium
- indawo yokudla
- izindawo eziyingozi ze-aquarium (isakazwa ngaphansi kwe-compressor, izindawo zokuphumula zomakhelwane abanolaka, ama-nook okungekho lula ukuphuma kuwo),
- lokushisa kwamanzi
- imodi ekhanyayo.
Ngabe inkumbulo isebenza kanjani inhlanzi?
Ososayensi bachaza ukuthi izinhlanzi zicabanga ezithombeni, njengoba kudingeka, zikhishwa kwimemori ukuze zisetshenziswe. Lezi zidalwa zikhule kahle zombili inkumbulo yesikhathi eside neyesikhashana. Izinhlobo ezihlala emihlambini zinhlobo lwenkumbulo ehlanganisiwe - ejwayelekile eqenjini lemikhuba. Basebenzisa izindlela ezifanayo unyaka nonyaka, bagcina umbuso. Uma uhlukanisa umhlambi, abantu ngabanye bazogcina inkumbulo futhi bazothambekela ekuholeni indlela efanayo yokuphila.
Ukuqonda ukuthi hlobo luni lwezinhlanzi ezinememori nokuthi zisebenza kanjani kusiza ukuqapha amaqembu ezindaweni zasemanzini nasezilwaneni zasendle.
Ungakhulisa kanjani ukubanjiswa kwezinhlanzi?
Eminyakeni engu-7 yokuzikhandla ngokudoba, ngithole izindlela eziningi zokuthuthukisa ukuluma. Ngizonikeza okusebenzayo kakhulu:
- Ukuluma isishoshovu. Le pheromone inezela izinhlanzi kakhulu emanzini abandayo nawafudumele. Ingxoxo ye-activator yezinhlanzi elambile.
- Ukuzwela okwengeziwe kwegiya. Funda imanuwali efanele yohlobo lwakho lwegiya elithile.
- Imisebezi esekwe ku-Pheromone.
Labo ababenezinhlanzi ze-aquarium bayazi ukuthi basikhumbula kahle isikhathi sokudla. Futhi balindele ukondliwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi izinhlanzi zinokwazi ukubona abantu abahlukile. Isibonelo, ukusabela kwezinhlanzi ze-aquarium kumuntu okungahleliwe kanye nalowo ozondla njalo kuhluke ngokuphelele. Ngokushesha lapho kuzovela owondlayo, bonke baphile futhi bakulungele ukondliwa.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi izinhlanzi eziningi ziyazazi izithandani zazo njengento ebambekayo, futhi ziyakwazi ukuhlala ndawonye amaviki noma iminyaka.