Usawoti waseYurophu
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi

Usawoti waseYurophu, noma zasolwandle zase-Europe (lat. Solea solea) - uhlobo lwenhlanzi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluqhamuka emndenini kasawoti (Soleidae) okhulayo we-flatfish, onsundu ngombala onamabala amnyama. Umzimba umbozwe ngezikali ezincane, okwenza izinhlanzi zibe lukhuni ukuba zingathintwa. Iqala kusuka ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi emanzini asogwini. Ebusika, usawoti waseYurophu ubuyela ekujuleni; emazingeni okushisa aphansi amanzi, ulimi lolwandle alusebenzi.

Igama lesiLatin lisetshenziswa olimini lwasolwandle I-Sole, okusho ukuthi "i-outsole" ngenxa yokufana kwesimo sezilimi zasolwandle nesihlangu kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambili lalibizwa ngokuthi ulimi lwasolwandle olunamehlo amakhulu, ulimi lwasolwandle olujulile, njll.

Ulimi lwasolwandle lubhekwa njengokudla okumnandi futhi lunakwa kakhulu ngama-gourmet. Ezitolo ezingaphansi kolimi lolwandle, zivame ukuthengisa ezinye izinhlanzi - I-Pangasianodon hypophthalmus negama lokuhweba "pangasius".

Ngo-2014, iGreenpeace yafaka nolimi lwasolwandle ohlwini lwezinhlanzi ezisengozini ngenxa yezindlela zokudoba ezonakalisayo nokudoba ngokweqile kwabantu.

Izilungiselelo

Isidlali sizoqala ngokuzenzakalelayo (uma kungenzeka ngobuchwepheshe), uma ngabe kuyinkambu yokubonakala ekhasini

Usayizi wesidlali uzoguqulwa ngokuzenzekelayo usayizi webhulokhi ekhasini. Izilinganiso Zokulinganisa - 16 × 9

Umdlali uzodlala ividiyo ohlwini lwadlalwayo ngemuva kokudlala ividiyo ekhethiwe

Olimini lwasolwandle lwamanje, le fillet inombala omhlophe qhwa, mncane futhi awunawo amafutha, ubukhulu bawo abusi ngaphezu kwesentimitha. Lapho iqandisiwe, ifilidi akufanele lonakaliswe. Lesi yisibonakaliso esiqinisekile sokuthi ulimi lwasolwandle selunqanyuliwe. Ama-tidbit ayindilinga futhi anama-millimeter amabili awugqinsi. Umbala omnandi uvimba izinhlanzi ukuthi zingasebenzi kanye namafutha oxidizing.

Pangasius

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ulimi lwaseLwandle luyinhlanzi enobukhulu obuncane kakhulu kuneHalibut. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunomehluko ezindaweni zokusatshalaliswa nokubukeka. Kunombono wokuthi emashalofini ethu sithola cishe ulimi lwaseLwandle lwePangasius - izinhlanzi ezivela ku-oda le-catfish. Njengomthetho, isisindo sazo esikhulu sifinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-44, futhi ubude baso singama-130 cm. Sikhule ngamanani amakhulu emapulazini aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. IPangasius idliwa ukudla okunekhalori ephezulu ukuze ikhule ngokushesha. Kuyingozi kakhulu lapho ama-antibiotic kanye nezengezo eziguqulwe ngofuzo zihlanganiswa nakho.

noma kungenzeki ngokuphelele. Lokhu akumangazi: izinhlanzi ezinjena eziphakathi nendawo, ezihlwabusayo nezinempilo ziyisibiliboco sangempela! Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlukaniswa nguMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wenhlangano Yezemvelo Wokulondolozwa Kwemvelo Njengohlobo lwezinhlanzi ezisezingeni eliphansi kakhulu. Ungayidla kabili ngesonto ezingxenyeni zamagremu angama-170. IHalibut ihlukaniswa njengenhlanzi enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-zebaki: kunconywa ukuthi udle inani eliphakeme izikhathi ezi-3 ngenyanga ezingxenyeni ezifanayo.

Ukupheka uHalibut

Uma i-athikili yethu ingakusabisi 🙂 futhi unqume ukupheka iHalibut (iphoxekile ukuthi akuyona ulimi lwaseLwandle futhi iqinisekise ukuthi akuyona iPangasius), nansi iresiphi yokudlela yakho.

IHalibut kungcono ukungafri, kodwa ukubhaka. Ngesikhathi sokuthosa, ibamba uwoyela omningi futhi iba ngaphezulu kane kilojoule. Ungayipheka ngokuphelele iHalibut yombhangqwana, ugcine yonke impahla ewusizo futhi ngaphandle kokukhulisa ukulimala kwayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, usawoti izingcezu zenhlanzi, ufafaze ngejusi kalamula bese ubeka ebhuthini eliphindwe kabili noma umpheki ohamba kancane. Beka imifino ngaphezulu, ungafaka nemifino. Ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-10 ephezulu, isidlo esinempilo sizobe sesilungele ukudliwa. Ungazikhethela ukungasebenzisi usawoti, uwususe esikhundleni sopelepele kanye nolamula. Kuzovela okumnandi kakhulu futhi okunempilo! Vele, ungahlala uvivinya okuthandayo, uthola izitsha ezintsha ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukubukeka kanye nencazelo yezinhlanzi

Ulimi lwasolwandle luyisimeleli senhlanzi esivela emndenini kasawoti, ekubanjweni okufana ne-plaice. Ukubonakala kwayo kufana neflanka. Umzimba nekhanda, noma amafomu kanye namehlo ngakolunye uhlangothi lomzimba - yilokhu okufana nezimpawu zikasawoti.

Ubude bezinhlanzi bancane - cm angama-30.Umzimba wonke wombovu umbozwe izikali ezincane ezandisa ubulukhuni bazo. Ikhanda lithambile futhi libanzi. Ngemuva kolimi kudwetshwe onsundu ngokuhlanganiswa komthunzi ompunga namabala amnyama. Ingxenye yesisu ilula, njengabanye abamele izinhlanzi ezihlala ezindaweni eziphansi.

Ulimi luhlala olwandle olwandle lwe-Atlantic nolwandlekazi iPacific. Ithanda amanzi angaxutshwe nalutho lwamazinga okushisa angama-8 kuye kwangama-24. Ukudla okuyinhloko ama-crustaceans amancane, ama-mollusks kanye nezibungu. Ukuzingela ebusuku.

Igama elilungile

Ekuphekeni, ngaphansi kwegama elinjalo elingavunyelwe kushiwo izindatshana ezimfushane ezivela emndenini kasawoti. Izinhlanzi zasolwandle zinenye igama - usawoti waseYurophu. Kubizwa ngesizathu. Isisekelo kwakuyigama lesiLatini elithi "sole", elisho ukuthi ekuhunyushweni lisho ukuthi ukuphela, Lokhu kuchazwa iqiniso lokuthi umzimba ubukeka uthambile, ufana nesicucu kuphela. Abantu bamnika igama lokuthi inhlanzi-usawoti, ngoba inyama yakhe inosawoti impela.

Zuza futhi ulimaze

Isidumbu somkhiqizo wasolwandle onjengamaminerali amaningi ahlukahlukene. Bawuthinta kahle umzimba, okwenza ukuthi bakwazi ukuyisebenzisa ekwelapheni nasekuvimbeleni izifo ezilandelayo.

• Isifo sokuwa
• Ukuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• I-Osteochondrosis.
• Isifo se-yegilo.
• Isifo samathambo
• I-Hypersensitivity yesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi.
• I-acidity ephansi.

Inani lezinhlanzi zasolwandle liphethwe ngokuqinile. Ngaphezu kwezinzuzo ezisobala zolimi lwasolwandle, ukulimala nakho kuba khona. Namuhla, ukuzalanisa ezimweni zokufakelwa kwenziwa ngenkuthalo, okungaholela emiphumeleni emibi. Iqiniso ukuthi akubona bonke abakhiqizi abazimisele ukusebenzisa imali ekwakheni nasekulondolozeni imvelo nokuphepha ezindaweni zokuzalela. Ukonga ezintweni ezibalulekile kufaka ingozi empilweni yabathengi.

Indawo esemqoka yokulinywa nguMfula iMekong, oseVietnam. Inkinga yalo mfula ukungcola kwawo okukhulu. Akunakulawulwa okufanele kwesimo ezweni, ngakho-ke, imfucuza evela ezitshalweni zamakhemikhali nezinsalela zomanyolo ezivela emasimini ziphonswa ngaphandle kokulimazeka emanzini aseMekong. Ngenxa yalokhu, umfula uqukethe isamba esibucayi sezinsimbi ezisindayo, izinto ezinobuthi kanye nobuthi. Ungomunye wemifula engcoliswe kakhulu emhlabeni.

Ngenxa yobukhona obukhulu bezinto ezilimazayo, ukusetshenziswa kwalesi simanga kungaholela ekulimaleni kwesibindi, isisu, ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza komzimba kanye nomonakalo kwezinye izitho zangaphakathi.

Izici zokunambitha

Into yokuqala okufanele uyazi lapho ucabanga ngokunambitha ukuba yingxenye yeqembu. Kuyafana nokunambitheka kwe-flounder, kepha ithenda ethe xaxa. Inyama inamafutha kakhulu. Ukuvela kokunambitheka kuyangezelelwa ekwakhiweni kwenyama - eminyene ngokulingana, cishe engenalo nethambo. Abathandi bokunambitheka nakanjani bazothanda okwedlule, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okungadingekile.

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nokuqukethwe kwekhalori

Isidumbu senhlanzi sinothile ngamaprotheni anokugaya kalula. Ngokwesilinganiso esincane, ama-amino acid akhona, amavithamini amaningi. A, B, D, E, F - konke lokhu kungatholakala enyameni kasawoti.

Ngezinto ezilandelwayo ezethulwe lapha:

Ucwaningo oluningi selukhombisile ukuthi inyama yale nhlanzi ingumthombo wamaprotheni amahle kakhulu, omunzwa kahle ngumzimba womuntu. Isisindo samaprotheni angama-10,3 amagremu. Amafutha amancane - ama-gramu ayi-5.3, kepha inyama inamafutha impela. I-cholesterol encane - ubukhulu be-30 mg, ngakho-ke ngeke kube nezinkinga ngokufakwa kwayo. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori kwenhlanzi kungama-88 Kcal ngamagremu ayi-100 omkhiqizo.

Umehluko kusuka kuPangasius

Ngenxa yokuncipha kwenani lezilimi zasolwandle, zaqala ukushintshwa yi-pangasius. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi ziyefana. Kodwa-ke i-analogue imele i-catfish, futhi ulimi lwangempela lusawoti. Ngakho-ke, ukuqhathanisa, kusuka kuleli phuzu lokubuka, akunamsebenzi.

Naphezu kwemindeni ehluke ngokuphelele, izihlungi zabamele ezimbili "yombuso" wamanzi zibukeka zinjalo. Lokhu kusetshenziswa ngabathengisi abangathembekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwengqimba yeqhwa, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungaqonda kahle usawoti wangempela ophambi kwakho noma i-analog yomfula. Umsebenzi onjalo unzima ngisho nakuchwepheshe. Kepha kusekhona umehluko.

• UPangasius - uhlala emifuleni, ngakho-ke inyama yakhe izoba nephunga elithile lomfula.
• Izendlalelo ezinamafutha ziyabonakala emaphethelweni we-analog fillet; usawoti awunakho lokhu.
• Umbala wesinqe somkhiqizo wokuqala umhlophe, ugqamile. E-pangasius iba mnyama mnyama, ngamathoni aphuzi grey noma onsomi.
• Maphakathi ne-filasi ye-pangasius, kuzobonakala umucu ophaphathekile onsundu onsundu kusuka emgogodleni. Ulimi lwase-Europe alunayo.
• Ukuqina kwesihlakala sikasawoti kuncane.

Izinzuzo zokunciphisa umzimba

Ekudleni kokunciphisa umzimba, uvame ukuthola inyama kasawoti. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo kwekhalori okuncishisiwe, ilungele ukudla okulinganiselayo. Isixha sezindlela zokupheka - ukubhaka kuhhavini, ukuthosa epanini noma ku-grill, kupheka opholile noma osabambile.

Isitsha esihle kakhulu sokunciphisa isisindo ngochwepheshe sibizwa ngokuthi usawoti oshisayo. Ukupheka kahle kuzosiza le iresiphi.

Incazelo yolimi lwasolwandle

Ubude bomzimba wolimi lolwandle lufika ku-70 cm, bese isisindo sifinyelela ku-3 kg. Le nhlanzi, njengamanye amalungu omndeni, inomzimba osicaba onamaqabunga.

Amehlo amancane aguqukele ohlangothini lwesokunene futhi asondele komunye nomunye. Ngenxa yalokhu, ulimi lwasolwandle lungangcwatshwa kancane ngotshani noma ngesihlabathi.

Isikhumba asimboziwe ngesikali esiqinile nesincane. Umzimba ophansi uvame ukukhanya grey futhi ungafinyelela mhlophe, kanti uhlangothi olungaphezulu lube nsundu. Ngasohlangothini olungaphezulu lomzimba kukhona amabala amnyama.

Umzimba umbozwe ngezikali ezincane, ngakho-ke izinhlanzi zibonakala zilukhuni lapho zithintwa.

Ubude bolimi lwasolwandle abudluli amasentimitha angama-60, kepha imvamisa abantu batholwa cishe ngamasentimitha angama-35. Yize kunobufakazi bokuthi amasenti angu-70 amasenti abanjiwe. Abesifazane bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesilisa. Isisindo esikhulu solimi lwasolwandle sifinyelela kumakhilogremu amathathu.

Ukusatshalaliswa kolimi lwasolwandle

Ulimi lwasolwandle luhlala emanzini angajulile empumalanga ye-Atlantic, lihlangana lisuka eNorway liye ogwini lwase-Afrika. Futhi, ulimi lwasolwandle luhlala olwandle lwaseMedithera, oluMnyama nolweBaltic.

Emazingeni okushisa aphansi wamanzi, ulimi lwasolwandle alusebenzi.

Le nhlanzi ijwayelekile olwandle olufudumele nolwandle oluphansi komhlaba. Ebusika, inhlanzi ithuthela ngandlela thile emanzini afudumele oLwandle lwaseNyakatho. Ulimi lwasolwandle lutholakala ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-20-150, unikeze okuthandwa yindawo enodaka noma enesihlabathi. Uhlala emanzini, izinga lokushisa lakhona lingama-8- 24 degrees. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, ulimi lwasolwandle lutholakala ezindaweni ezisogwini, futhi ebusika luya lujulile.

Indlela yokuphila yasolwandle

Ulimi lolwandle luhlala isikhathi eside - ngokuvamile, cishe iminyaka engama-30. Kepha njengoba ukudoba kuvulekile ngolimi lwasolwandle, akuvamile ukuba uhlangane nomuntu wale minyaka encomekayo. Isilo esidala kakhulu esabanjwa sabanjwa eJalimane, le nhlanzi yayineminyaka engama-40 ubudala.

Igama lezentengiso likasawoti wase-Europe yi- "pangasius".

Lezi zinhlanzi zibonisa imisebenzi ebusuku kuphela, kuthi phakathi nosuku zicashe phansi, zizingcwabe esihlabathini noma kusilika, kuyilapho womabili amehlo esebusweni. Baphila indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi ye-benthic. Ukudla kuqukethe izibungu zezinambuzane, ama-crustaceans, ama-mollusks amancane nama-invertebrates ahlukahlukene.

Isici solimi lwasolwandle amandla okushintsha umbala womzimba, okwenzeka ngokuya ngombala wendawo. Umbala wezinhlanzi ungaba lula noma ube mnyama; ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwezindawo kanye nosayizi wazo kushintsha uhlangothi olungaphezulu lomzimba.

Izilimi zasolwandle zidla ikakhulukazi kuma-crustaceans amancane ahlala ezansi ezansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-shellfish kanye nezibungu kufakiwe ekudleni kwabo.

Ulimi lolwandle luhola indlela yokuphila eyedwa.

Ukukhiqizwa kwezilimi zasemanzini

Ukusakazeka kwenzeka ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi. Izinsikazi ziyavela emanzini asogwini, ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-30. Owesifazane oyedwa uletha isilinganiso samaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-350.

Ukudonswa kwezibungu kwenzeka cishe ezinsukwini eziyisishiyagalombili emva kokwenza. Ekuqaleni, i-fry yolimi lwasolwandle ibhukuda eduze kwamanzi, kepha bese beqala ukuhola indlela yokuphila yasemini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bane-metamorphosis ejwayelekile kuwo wonke ama-flatfish. Nge-flatfish, ngisho ne-metamorphosis ijwayelekile, kepha, empeleni, iyamangalisa. Ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa, iso lesokunxele ngakwesokunene lihamba kancane inhlanzi. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwe-metamorphosis, uhlangothi lwesobunxele luba yisisu, kanti uhlangothi lwesokudla lube ngumhlane. The Fry feed on nauplii of Copepods.

Inhlanzi ihlala kumamitha angama-20 kuya kwangama-85 ngokudlula lonke ugu lweVietnam.

Inani labantu bolimi lwasolwandle

Inhlangano yaseGreenpeace ifake nolimi lwasolwandle e-Red Book. ENcwadini ebomvu azigcini nje kuphela izinhlobo ezisekupheleni kwembubhiso, kepha futhi nezinhlobo ezihlaselwe emhlabeni wonke ngobuningi, ngakho-ke kunengozi enkulu yokuqothulwa kwazo.

Kithina, ulimi lwasolwandle lungeniswa ikakhulukazi luvela eVietnam. Ukubamba kwenziwa ngamathreyi aphansi. Ngokwezibalo, cishe amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 ezilimi zasolwandle amayini ngonyaka. Emashalofini le nhlanzi itholakala emisha, inosawoti, iqhwa futhi ibhema. Uma ulimi lwasolwandle luzoqhubeka nokumbiwa ngezinga elikhulu, khona-ke isibalo salo singase sehle kakhulu.

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