I-Marine aquarium inomlando omude. Kunobufakazi bokuthi imizamo yokuqala yokugcina izinhlanzi zasolwandle, ama-mollusks, ama-crustaceans asezitsheni nasezitsheni zenziwa zazehlela emuva kakhulu njengaseRoma yasendulo ngekhulu lesibili A.D.
EYurophu, ukukhula okusebenzayo kwezindawo zasolwandle zasolwandle kwenzeka maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX. Indima eyayihola yadlalwa yiJalimane, i-England, neFrance. EBerlin, indlela yokuqala yathuthukiswa yokulungiselela amanzi okwenziwa olwandle okwenziwa ngawo, okubandakanya nosawoti abane.
E-Russia, ama-aquarium asolwandle ase-amateur avela ngasekupheleni kwe-XIX - ekuqaleni kwama-XX, kodwa awathandwa ezweni lethu. Kuma-70s kuphela edlule kwaba nokwanda kwenzalo kuma-olwandle asolwandle. Okokuqala, lokhu kungenxa yentuthuko enkulu kanye nokwenza ngcono imishini yezobuchwepheshe yemanzini asolwandle. Kwenziwa izinsimbi ezintsha nemishini, kwenziwa ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nezindlela zokwelapha amanzi olwandle, kusungulwa izindlela zokuhlunga ezithuthukile, ukukhanyisa, njll. Ukuhlangenwe nakho kutholwa ngokugcina ama-hydrobionts asolwandle emanzini.
Ikhishwe ngonyaka we-1994 futhi yaba uhlobo lwencwadi "ethengisa kakhulu" i-D.N. AbakwaStepanova "Marine Aquarium Ekhaya" bafingqe isipiliyoni nokufezekiswa kwezindawo zasemanzini ezazikhona ngaleso sikhathi. Udlale iqhaza kulabo abanquma ukuqala eyabo indawo yasolwandle ekhaya, bahlinzeka ngemishini efanelekile, uma kungenzeka, ngezandla zabo.
Njengamanje, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-aquarium yasolwandle kukhula ngokushesha. Lokhu kusebenza kuma-amateur, ahlobene nokugcinwa kwezindawo zasemakhaya, kanye “nowomphakathi” owodwa, ophathelene nokudalwa nokusekelwa kwempilo yombukiso omkhulu, izethulo zasemanzini, kubandakanya nezindawo zasolwandle.
Lo mbhalo uzobheka izinhlobo zamamanzi anamanzi anosawoti, anqunywa uhlobo lwezinto zasemanzini eziqukethwe kuzo.
Umehluko omkhulu ezinkulwaneni zasolwandle ngohlobo lwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini eziqukethwe.
Ngohlobo lwezinto eziphila emanzini eziqukethwe, izindawo zasemanzini ezihlala zasolwandle zivame ukuhlukaniswa zibe izinhlanzi nezinhlanzi ezihlala emhlolweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlukaniswa kunemibandela ethile. Njengoba nje ethangini lezinhlanzi lenzelwe izinhlanzi, izinhlobo ezithile zama-invertebrates angamakhorali angagcinwa, kanjalo nezinhlanzi ezihambisana nama-invertebrates zingaphila e-aquarium e-reef. Isibonelo, inyoka enhle kakhulu ye-African Lionfish (Pterois mombasae) ingakwazi ukuhlangana kahle e-aquarium egcwele ngamakhorali, uma nje ingenayo i-shrimp yokuhlobisa namanye ama-crustaceans angaba yisisulu sawo.
Izinhlanzi zasemanzini
Ithangi lezinhlanzi yi-aquarium equkethe ikakhulu izinhlanzi, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zama-invertebrates ahambisana nezinhlanzi zingaba khona. Ama-invertebrates anjalo avame ukufaka ama-urchins olwandle, ama-anemones olwandle, i-shrimp. Ithangi lezinhlanzi livame ukuqukethe idwala bukhoma. Imvamisa, umhlobiso wokufakelwa usetshenziselwa umhlobiso. Kuma-aquariums anjalo, isifinyezo esithi FOWLR kwesinye isikhathi siyasetshenziswa (inhlanzi kuphela nge -ibindiock - inhlanzi kuphela enamatshe bukhoma). Kuyadingeka ukukhetha izinhlanzi nge-aquarium enjalo, ucabangele izakhiwo zohlobo ngalunye ohlongozwayo ukuthi luhlale. Okokuqala, udinga ukucabanga ngosayizi wezinhlanzi. Kungcono ukukhetha izinhlanzi eziseduze ngosayizi wethangi lezinhlanzi, ukuze abantu abakhulu bangakwazi ukucindezela ezincane.
Izinhlanzi eziningi zasemanzini zasolwandle ziyindawo, i.e. ilungele ukuvikela ngenkuthalo insimu yazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kaningi, lokhu kungabonakala maqondana nezinhlanzi zezinhlobo zazo noma izinhlanzi ezifanayo ngokubukeka, umbala nosayizi. Kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukuthi le ndawo yakhiwa kanjani ezinhlotsheni ezibhekwayo.
Ngokuya ngezinga lobudlova, okubandakanya yomzabalazo wokuvikela insimu yabo kanye nokuboniswa kwezakhiwo zomphangi, izinhlanzi zihlukaniswe ngobudlova, ulaka nolokuthula. Lapho ukhetha i-aquarium efanelekile kanye nohlobo lwezinhlanzi, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi izinga lobudlova lingancishiswa ngokwandisa umthamo we-aquarium futhi unikeze inani elanele lezindawo zokukhosela (imigodi, imigede, ama-grottoes, ama-awnings, njll.), Angasetshenziswa uma kwenzeka kungqubuzana ukucasha.
Amandla okugcina izinhlanzi e-aquarium kukalwe njengokuhambisana. Kuyisiko ukusebenzisa izigaba ezintathu zokuhambisana:
- imvamisa ayihambelani
- ukuqaphela kuyadingeka
- kuvame ukuhambisana.
Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, oshaka, abahleli bamaqembu, ama-stingray ngokuvamile awahambelani, njengoba bengabahlaseli abasebenzayo futhi, njengomthetho, makhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-seahorses nezinaliti nazo ziwela esigabeni salazo ezingahambelani, kodwa ngesizathu sokuthi zona, ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane nokuhamba kancane, ziyinto ehlaselwa izinhlanzi eziningi zasemanzini. Ezinyathelweni ezahlukahlukene zabalobi basekhaya nabangaphandle kukhona amatafula wokuhambisana kwezinhlanzi zasemanzini zasolwandle, ongase uzulazule lapho ukhetha inhlobo eyodwa noma enye egcwele e-aquarium.
Izinhlobo zemanzini
Esigabeni "i-Fish Aquarium" kukhona ama-aquariums, abizwa ngokuthi izinhlobo. Lawa ma-aquarium aqukethe izinhlanzi zohlobo olulodwa noma izinhlobo eziseduze noma i-genera ezingakwazi ukuhlangana nezinye izinhlobo. Isibonelo izinhlanzi ezingemndeni "we-Seahorses nezinaliti zasolwandle (Syngnathidae)", izinhlanzi eziningi ezingazilimaza, futhi kungakuhle ukuzigcina ku-aquarium ehlukile ndawonye nabamele izinhlobo zazo noma umndeni. Lezi zinhlanzi ezikuhlobo lwe-aquarium zizophatha ngokuzethemba, ngokuthula nangokuthula, zizizwe sengathi akekho umuntu ozisongelayo, kuyilapho ngasikhathi sinye zikhombisa ukuheha kwazo okugcwele kwangaphandle.
Njengesinye isibonelo se-aquarium yezinhlobo, ungasho lokho okuqukethwe inhlanzi ethi “Black-striped lionfish (I-Pteroisvolitans)», engahambelani kahle nezinye izinhlanzi, ngenxa yokunyuka kolaka lwayo. Likhulu impela futhi lingumhlaseli osebenzayo, elizingela izinhlanzi ezincane. Enye impikiswano eyengeziwe yokugcina i-Lionfish enkulwaneni yezinhlanzi ukubukeka kwayo okuhle, okubonakala ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhambahamba kwekholomu lamanzi ngamaphiko alo abanzi asakazeke kabanzi, kufana nomgqa webhubesi.
I-Reef aquarium
I-aquarium yomhlanga ibhekwe ukuthi yakhelwe ama-invertebrates asolwandle: amakhorali, ama-anemone olwandle, ama-mollusks, ama-crustaceans nabanye. Ngokuvamile kunezinhlanzi ezimbalwa kulo, ezikhetha ukugxila kuma-invertebrates. Ama-Reef aquariums wona ahlukaniswe yi- "Soft Reef" ne "Hard Reef".
I-Soft Reef
I- “Soft Reef” ikakhulu iqukethe i-Alcyonaria - indawo etholakala kuma-coral polyps, isembozo esinezintambo eziyisishiyagalombili ezibandakanya ama-corals athambile (i-Alcyoniina noma i-Alcyonacea), ama-Horn corals noma i-Gorgonaria (Gorgonaria) ne-Stolonifera. I-Alcyonaria form colonies, skeleton yayo emelelwa yi-calcareous (kuma-corals athambile) noma i-collagen (in Gorgonaria) izinto zilele ku-mesoglye. Kwabamele isizinda esingaphansi kweStolonifer, skeleton simelelwa yi-chitin periderm.
I-Alcyonaria ayakhi skeleton enzima ye-calcareous. Kulula kakhulu ukuzigcina. Umhlanga othambile ungahlalwa ngama-invertebrates ahlukahlukene. Ama-corals Hard ngokuvamile awaziwa kusengaphambili. Kuvunyelwe ukugcina izinhlanzi zihambisana nezakhamizi zeSoft Reef.
Indawo Yokuqina Eqinile
I- "Hard Reef" ikakhulukazi iqukethe amakhorali aqinile. Babizwa nangokuthi iMadreporaria noma i-Scleractinia futhi bangamalungu e-coral polyps aqhamuka ngaphansi kwe-coral (Hexacorallia) engaphansi kwamehlo. Ngokuphikisana ne-Alcyonium, i-scleractinia yakha ithambo eliqinile.
I-Aquarium enamakhorali kanzima ingahlalwa ngamanye ama-invertebrates futhi iqukethe izinhlobo ezithile zezinhlanzi ezihambisanayo namakhorali aqinile. Ukwehlukaniswa kwe-aquarium yedwala ibe yi- "Soft Reef" ne "Hard Reef" kuxhunyiwe, okokuqala, ngezimo ezihlukile zokugcinwa kwazo. I-Alcyonaria, njengomthetho, ithembekile kakhulu ekunakekelweni kunamakhorali alukhuni. Ngakho-ke, i- "Hard Reef", ngokuqhathaniswa ne- "Soft Reef", idinga ukukhanya okukhulu okukhulu, ikhwalithi yamanje enamandla, ephezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-Alcyonaria nama-corals aqinile angasebenzisa ubuthi njengethuluzi lokuhlasela nokuzivikela. Kumakhorali aqinile, lawa ngamaseli e-nematocyst ahlaba, ngosizo lapho amakhorali azingela izinto ze-planktonic futhi alwa nendawo yokuhlala namakhorali angomakhelwane. Ukuvikela nokulawula, ama-alkionarians akhipha amakhompiyutha wamakhemikhali wamazinga ahlukahlukene obuthi. Mina. okuthiwa inhlabathi kungenzeka phakathi kwamakhorali "Impi yamakhemikhali" yokusinda. Ngakho-ke, ngokulungiswa okuhlanganyelwe kwe-Alcyonium namakhorali aqinile, kungqubuka ukungqubuzana futhi inhlobo eyodwa icindezelwe enye.
Futhi, i- "Hard Reef" ingahlukaniswa nge "Hard Reef nge-Large-Poly Coral" ne "Hard Reef nge-Micro-Poly Coral".
“Umhlanga oqinile onamakhorali amiswe ngamatshe”
Ama-coral amakhulu, ama-coral amakhulu, noma ama-LPS-corals (ama-Polip Stony amakhulu) anama-polyps amakhulu emathanjeni we-calcareous. Ukubukeka nokwakheka kwamakhorali kunika ama-polyps amakhulu avulekile, acishe amboze ngokuphelele isikhumba. Ama-coral we-LPS-, ngokuyisisekelo, awadingi ukukhanyiswa okukhulu kanjalo nemisinga eqinile njengamakhorali amancane anamandla amaningi, futhi ngokwezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zokunakekelwa akhiwe, ngokungathi kunjalo, phakathi kwe-Alcyonaria kanye nama-coral amancane (i-SPS). Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungenzeka yini kokuzigcina zisebenza e-aquarium ehlukile yomhlanga. Phakathi kwamakhorali e-LPS athandwa kakhulu ezindaweni zasemanzini zasolwandle, kungaphawulwa lokhu okulandelayo: iGalaxea (iGalaxea sp.), ICaulastrea (iCaulastrea sp.), ILobophillia (iLobofillia), iTubastrea (iTubastraea sp.), I-Eufillia (i-Euphyllia sp.).
"Ukuqina okuqinile ngamakhorali amancane amancane"
Ama-coral amancane-ama-coral noma ama-SPS-corals (ama-Polip Stony Amancanyana) anama-polyps amancane emthanjeni we-calcareous. Isigaxa siyisisekelo sesimo nokubukeka kwaso lwamakhorali, ngoba ama-polyps avuliwe mancane ngosayizi futhi ahlobisa kuphela ubuso bethambo elakhiwe, ngaphandle kokushintsha ukwakheka kwawo.
Ama-corals we-SPS angakha amakoloni amaningi ahlukahlukene ngokuhlukahluka ngesimo nangombala. Ama-corals abukeka ngendlela ebukekayo, kepha adinga kakhulu imigomo yokuboshwa. Kuyadingeka ukugcina ikhwalithi ephezulu yamanzi, unikeze ukukhanyisa okuqinile kwesibuko esithile futhi udale imifudlana enamandla yamanzi. Ubulukhuni bokuqukethwe kwe-SPS-corals budlula ama-LPS-corals, ngakho-ke, ukwahlukanisa "i-Hard reef enamakhorali amancane-polypous" kuyinto efiselekayo kubo. Iqukethe okungcono ngabaculi basemanzini abanolwazi. Phakathi kwamakhorali e-SPS athandwa kakhulu ezindaweni zasemanzini zasolwandle, kungaphawulwa lokhu okulandelayo: Acropora (Acropora sp.), Montipora (Montipora sp.), Potsillopora (Pocillopora sp.), Seriatopora (Seriatopora sp.).
I-Aquarium yamakhorali angewona awezithombe
Isisekelo sokudla okunama-coral amaningi ama-Alcynaria namakhorali aqinile yimikhiqizo ye-photosynthesis ye-alfai ye-Symbiotic - zooxanthellae. Zihlala emathanjeni we-coral polyp noma emthanjeni we-calcareous. Ukuze i-zooxanthellae ifeze umsebenzi wayo, ibambe iqhaza ku-photosynthesis futhi ilethe imikhiqizo ye-photosynthesis, i-coral polyp idinga ukukhanya. Ngakho-ke, ama-coral amaningi we-Alcyonaria nama-coral aqine adinga ukukhanyiswa kwamazinga ahlukahlukene obukhulu. Okwamakhorali we-madreporic SPS - aphezulu, e-Alcynaria - aphakathi nendawo. Ama-corals athola ukudla okuvela ku-zooxanthellae abizwa nge-autotrophic.
Kukhona iqembu lamakhorali elibizwa nge-heterotrophic, engaqukethe i-zooxanthellae futhi athola ukudla okuvela emvelweni. Zingezabo okuthiwa ama-aposymbiotic noma ama-nefotosynthetics.
Lawa makhorali angenye yezilwane zasolwandle ezinemibala egqamile. Emvelweni, baphila, njengomthetho, ekujuleni okukhulu, lapho kunokukhanya okuncane futhi akukho maqhubu anamandla. Ukulungiswa ku-aquarium, akudingi ukukhanyiswa okukhulu kanye nemisinga eqinile. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuhlanganisa namanye ama-coral e-photosynthetic futhi agcinwa ku-aquarium ehlukile. Ukungabikho kwesidingo sokukhanya okukhanyayo kukuvumela ukuthi udale ukukhanya okuhlobisa okukhanyisa kakhulu, okugcizelela umbala we-coral. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kungenziwa kuma-aquariums amancane.
Ama-nefotosynthetics adume kakhulu afaka ama-coral Dendrophilia (Dendrophyllia), Tubastrea (Tubastrea), Scleronephthia (Scleronepthya).
I-Invertebrate Species Aquarium
Ngokufanekisa ne-fish fish aquarium, kungahle kube nezinhlobo zezindawo zasemanzini zama-invertebrates enzelwe ukuthi aqukethe uhlobo olulodwa noma oluhlobene nalo. Njengesibonelo, okuthiwa "I-Jellyfish" yakhelwe ukuqukatha i-jellyfish. Imvamisa ngalezi zinhloso zisebenzisa i-Eared Aurelia (Aurelia aurita), ngenye indlela ibizwa nge- jellyfish yenyanga. Kuyathengiswa, kuphakama ku-zooplankton. Kodwa ukulondolozwa kwayo kudinga ukwakheka okukhethekile kwe-aquarium yalokhu okubizwa ngokuthi "Uhlobo lweCarousel" lwengilazi ye-acrylic.
Ukufingqa okwandulelayo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi esimweni ngasinye, lapho ukhetha uhlobo oluthile lwasolwandle lwasolwandle ukuhlala kulo njengenhlanzi noma i-invertebrate, kuyadingeka ukuthi utadishe ngokucophelela imibandela yokulungiswa nokuhambisana kwawo nezinye izakhamizi zase-aquarium.
Isibonelo, i-starfish Asterodiscus ebomvu (Asterodiscus truncatus) ayinconyelwanga ukugcina e-aquarium nezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidliwayo kanye nama-crustaceans amakhulu, ngoba ingaba yisisulu sazo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inkanyezi ngokwayo ingaba yingozi kwamanye ama-invertebrates: isipanji, ama-bryozoans. Isixazululo esizedlula zonke kungaba yikugcina ngamakhorali noma ama-anemone olwandle.
Ngokuvakashela ikhathalogi yezilwane zasolwandle nezitshalo kuwebhusayithi ye-Aqua Logo, uzijwayeze nezinhlobo ezakhayo zama-aquarium, uthola izincomo ezifanele ezivela kochwepheshe, ungenza ukukhetha okuhle kohlobo olulodwa noma olunye lwezinto zasemanzini zasolwandle nezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini okuhlala kuzo.
I-Tubastreya (ama-coral solar)
Uma une-aquarium encane kakhulu onayo, i-tubastrae icishe ibe ukuphela kwekhorale elinamandla amakhulu ongabiza. Ububanzi bekholoni akuvamile ukuba ngaphezu kwe-13 cm, ngakho-ke bangaphila ngokuthula ngisho namathangi angu-40-litre.
Kwama-tubastrei, kukhanyiswa ukukhanya okufiphele namasondo aqinile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ikoloni ligcwele i-algae. I-coral igcwele impela, okusho ukuthi kufanele ibekwe ku-aquarium ukuze kuthi ngemuva kwalokho kube lula ukuyondla okungenani kabili ngesonto. Idla inhlanzi eyosiwe ne-plankton yenyama. Uma ungawugcini amandla okuphakelayo, ama-polyps e-tubastrae "akondleka kahle" futhi anda ngosayizi. Emini, zivame ukudonswa koloni, kepha uma zijwayela ukondla ngezikhathi zasemini, zihlala zivulekile.
Ama-coral asabalalisa i-asexally, akha ama-polyps aphuzi akhanyayo ezingxenyeni ezihlukene ze-aquarium.
I-Trachyphyllia (ubuchopho bekhorali)
Lawa makhorali akhangayo amangalisayo anesimo esiyinqaba esifana nobuchopho bomuntu. Ukuheha ngokushintshwa kombala woqobo kusuka kokuluhlaza kuya kwensimbi nokusuka kukhilimu kuye kwepinki, kanye nekhono le-fluoresce ngaphansi kokukhanyisa kwe-actinic. Ilungele ukugcinwa kuma-aquariums ngenani lamalitha ayi-190 noma ngaphezulu. Kepha kuyasiza ukuqonda ukuthi la makhorali ayingozi ezinhlanzini ezincane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zingadonswa futhi zichithwe yi-centropigi kanye nenhlanzi yokuhlinza.
AmaTrachyphylliums akha amakoloni anobubanzi obungama-46 cm. Akakhethi ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu, kepha angazizwa futhi ngokukhanya okukhulu uma ekujwayela kancane kancane. Emncane bahlanganiswe enhlabathini, kepha bakhululwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Bahlala kuma-Symbiosis nge-zooxanthellae, ngenxa yokuthola kwabo izakhamzimba. Kodwa-ke, badinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe.
I-Pearl Bubble Coral
Enye i-coral ezohlobisa ithangi lomhlanga lasekhaya elinomthamo okungenani wamalitha angama-200. Lama-invertebrates abukeka njengezicucu ezenziwe ngamabhabhele ezinobubanzi obungu-30 cm.
I-Pearl coral ithanda ukukhanya okuthambile nesamanje okuphansi. Ungahlangani nezinkalankala ze-hermit. Amabhubhu abuthaka kakhulu futhi angahlaselwa yisifo. Sekuyisikhathi eside iguqisa amatende futhi ikhombisa ukuziphatha okunolaka.
"Ikhanda" le-coral liqukethe ama-vesicles amancane, angama-3-5 mm ububanzi (ama-vesicles), aqukethe iziqukathi ze-zooxanthellae. Ukuvuvukala, zinikeza ulwelwe oluyi-Symbiotic ehlala ngaphakathi nokukhanya okuningi. Ebusuku, ama-bubble ayahlakazeka, futhi amatende, kunalokho, anconywe.
Naphezu kokubumbana kokuzuzisa okukhona kanye ne-zooxanthellae, amakhorali we-vesicle adinga ukondliwa okwengeziwe.
I-Goniopora (ubuchopho obunamahloni)
Emvelweni yemvelo, kutholakala kakhulu emadwaleni angajulile, njengoba uthanda ukukhanyiswa okukhulu. Yakha amakoloni afinyelela ku-60 cm ubukhulu kusuka kuma-polyps emilenzeni emide, ngalinye linengwebu enama-tentacle azungeze umlomo ovulekile. IGoniopora idonsela imibala ehlukahlukene - kusuka onsundu futhi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibe ophuzi noblue. Esimweni esingasebenzi, ama-polyps adonswa koloni. Kepha ngendlela eqondile, amakhorali anda kakhulu ngosayizi, ngakho-ke ku-aquarium kubalulekile ukuyinikeza indawo ebanzi.
Ubuhle be-goniopora bukhuthaza ama-aquarists ukuzama inhlanhla yabo ekuthunjweni. Kepha yimizamo engavamile kuphela ethweswa umqhele ngempumelelo. Ama-coral ahlekisa ngokumangazayo. E-aquarium, imilenze yama-polyps ayifuni ukukhula, ngenxa yalokho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ayeka ukukhuphuka ngenhla kwesisekelo sekoloni. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-invertebrate ayondlekile futhi isheshe ife. Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zilwane ezisheshayo singandiswa kuphela ohlelweni olunamanzi angapheli olwandle.
I-Eufillia (isibani samakhorali)
I-Eufillia izizwa kahle ku-aquarium, ikhula ekudingisweni ngosayizi omangazayo. Ikhetha izindawo ezijulile zolwandle nezindawo ezivikelwe amaza. Siqukethe ama-polyps amakhulu anezinhlaka ezakhiwe kahle, izihloko zazo zivuvukala futhi zinombala ogqamile. Ngombala, imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okotshani nokuphuzi imvamisa iyatholakala.
Ngokuthola kwezidingo zamakhorali, okokuqala, ama-Symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) anecala. Kodwa-ke, e-aquarium, ukondla kusuka ku-zooplankton kanye nasolwandle oluhlutshiwe ngeke kuphazamise.
I-Eufillia iyikhorali elinolaka kakhulu. Amathendeni abo ahlabayo aqhubeka ibanga elingaphezu kuka-10 cm futhi ashaye inyamazane nge-toxin enamandla. Ukuze ugcine e-aquarium, ukukhanya okukhanyayo okuphakathi noma okukhanyayo, ukuhamba okulinganiselayo, amazinga okushisa kwamanzi angama-24-27 degrees anconyiwe.
Izinhlobo eziphilayo
Wonke amakhorali e-aquarium ahlukaniswe izigaba ezi-2: ezithambile futhi ezinzima.
Imvamisa bahlala emakoloni, kepha izinhlobo zemvelo zodwa ziyatholakala.
Abanye babo bane-skeleton enama-calcareous, ngaphandle kwalokho babizwa ngokuthi abaqinile. Bahlala olwandle. Amanye aqukethe isisekelo esithambile futhi ahlala eduze nezixhobo. Phakathi kwazo, kufanelekile ukuphawula lezo ezingadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Ama-anemones olwandle
Lo mndeni wamakhorali awunawo ngokuphelele umthambo. Anamathele emhlabathini ngosizo lwezinkomishi ezikhethekile zokubamba, ezibizwa ngokuthi "ukuphela". Bondla izinhlanzi ezincane noma ama-clams amancane. Ama-anemones asolwandle athambisa isisulu sawo ubuthi obunamandla, abese eyidonsa ngamatende awo.
I-Lobophytum
Lokhu okuhlukahlukene kunobuthi ikakhulukazi, ngakho-ke kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela i-aquarium yakho. Ngemuva kwakho konke, angabulala ubuthi amakhorali aphilayo eduzane.
Ngakho-ke kufanele atshalwe kude ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze le nto ephilayo izizwe ikhululekile, idinga ukukhanya okuningi. Kuyadingeka ukondla i-lobophytum ngosizo lwe-typiotic algae noma iplankton.
I-Acropora
Kudinga ukuqina, kanye nokukhanya okuhle, futhi futhi akubekezeleli nakancane ushintsho ezimweni zokushisa. Ukuze i-acropore ibe sesimweni esihle, kufanele kufakwe i-calcium noma i-strontium emanzini. Ungondla noma iyiphi i-algae, kanye ne-plankton.
Amakhowe amakhorali asolwandle
Zingumndeni wakwa-Actinodiscus futhi zihlala ziyimfihlakalo kososayensi bezinto eziningi. Izinto eziphilayo azibekezeleli ukukhanya okukhulu kakhulu.
Zikhiqiza kabusha kangcono lapho izibani ze-fluorescent zikhanyiselwe eceleni kwe-aquarium, futhi ukuhamba kwamanzi akunamandla kakhulu.
Bangaphila nezinhlanzi, kanye nama-invertebrates asebenzayo. Ukondla ngosizo lwe-mucous mesh. Amakhowe amane abambe izinhlayiya zezinto ezintanta zizungeza.
Isikhumba
Bangabomndeni kaCladiella futhi bayizinhlobonhlobo ezinhle zamakhorali. Emvelweni wemvelo, amakhorali anjalo awawona ajulile kakhulu, ngakho-ke e-aquarium ayozizwa ephelele ngaphansi kokukhanya okujwayelekile, kanye nokugeleza okuncane kwamanzi. Njengamakhowe, ama-coral lesikhumba angahlala nezinhlanzi, i-crayfish, noma ama-invertebrates ahlukahlukene.
Inkanyezi
Lolu hlobo lwamakhorali alunakuzithoba ngokuphelele kokuqukethwe. Zingaba khona kahle ekukhanyiseni okuhle, futhi ngokuntuleka kwawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-polyps anjalo azwela kakhulu iodine, okusho ukuthi akufanele ufake izihlungi zesiponji ezisondele kakhulu kuzo.
Futhi, amakhorali angavimbela ukuvela kwe-mucus ematsheni, kanye nakulaka. Izinto eziphilayo zingapendwe ngemibala ehlukene, zisuka onsomi ziye kobomvu. Kodwa phakathi kwabo ungathola i-hue emnyama futhi ekhanyayo eluhlaza.
I-Zoontaria
Zingezomthetho weProtopalythoa. Printa kakhulu ngokukhanya okuhle. Badla cishe noma yikuphi ukudla okuza ngendlela yabo. Umbala onsundu, angakhiqiza i-palitoxin, enomphumela omubi ohlelweni lwezinzwa lwabantu. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu angavele afe.
Khonza amakhowe
Ngenye indlela, amakhowe anjengalawa abizwa ngokuthi yi-phrophyton. Bahlukana ngokushesha ngisho nasezimeni ezimbi kakhulu.
Bangakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma yiziphi izimo, ngenxa yalesi sizathu bathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi abaningi be-aquarium.
Ama-Sacrophyton ayondla, amunca izakhi zomzimba ezihlukene emanzini. Zipendwe ngombala okhilimu noma onsundu.
Golovachi
Ukuzala kwawo kwenzeka kangcono lapho ukukhanya kukhanya impela. Umsebenzi wabo uqala ngokuqala kobusuku. Yize ngokwemvelo amakhorali anjalo athanda ukuthula, kwezinye izikhathi amakhemikhali anobuthi angaqala ukwakha kuwo.
Madreporic
Ama-coral anjalo ahlukile ngokuthi angaphila kokubili emakoloni nasendaweni eyedwa. Bayozizwa bekhululekile ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo nasethunzini. Kepha amanzi nganoma iyiphi indlela kufanele abe sobala futhi ahlanzekile. Bangadla izingcezu ezincane zenyama, njenge-shrimp noma inhlanzi.
Izinzuzo Nokuqashwa Kwemikhiqizo Yokwakha
Ngokuqondene namakhorali okwenziwa, lokhu kuyindlela elula yokuhlobisa i-aquarium. Imvamisa kakhulu kwenziwa nge-silicone, ngakho-ke kulula ukuyihlanza futhi ibukeke yangempela. Ama-coral okwenziwa anezinzuzo eziningi. Lokhu kungobungani obuphakeme bezemvelo nokusebenziseka. Ngaphandle kwalokho ziqinile, okusho ukuthi awuzukuqhubeka uzithenga futhi. Ngokuqondene nombala wazo, uhlukahluka kakhulu.
Ukwenza umhlobiso ongaphansi kwamanzi ubukeke ungokwemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukwenza amakhorali abukeke njengawangempela. Kodwa-ke, kanye nalokhu, amakhorali okwenziwa nawo anezinto ezingathandeki.
Okokuqala, kuy intengo yazo ephezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kusetshenziselwa izinto ezisezingeni eliphansi ukwakheka kwabo, khona-ke imikhiqizo izoba nobuthi. Ngakho-ke, bonke abanye abakhileyo be-aquarium bazohlupheka, okokuqala.
Ungayikhetha kanjani?
Ngaphambi kokuthenga amakhorali, udinga ukunakekela ukwakha ibhalansi yemvelo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, udinga ukuzithenga ezitolo ezikhethekile, ngaphezu kwalokho, ugcwalise ngezinhlayiya ezincane ze-substrate. Ukuthengwa okunjalo kuzosiza ukukhulisa ukusebenza kwamakhorali ngokuzayo.
Uma ikhishwe kumgatshana ojwayelekile, khona-ke endaweni entsha kungenzeka ingabi nezimpande.
Qiniseka ukuthenga amakhorali angahlala ndawonye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukuthi i-aquarium uqobo lwayo izotholakala kuphi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukukhetha kwamakhorali kufanele kuxhomeke ekutheni ukukhanya kuzoba yini.
Incomo yokuqukethwe
Ukuze ulondoloze amakhorali, kufanele uthenge i-aquarium enomthamo okungenani wamalitha angama-400. Amanzi akulo kufanele abe ku-degrees 22-27 degrees. Lokhu kuzovumela amakhorali aphilayo ukuthi amungene kuzo zonke izinto ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwamathambo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi kumele ahlanzeke futhi abe sezingeni eliphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyakwazi ukujikeleza njalo.
Ukukhanyisa i-aquarium kufanele kulungele uhlobo oluthile lwamakhorali. Konke kumele kuhlale ndawonye ngokulinganayo, uma kungenjalo izinto eziphilayo zizovele zife. Ngemuva kokuthenga, amakhorali kufanele abekwe etsheni, lapho izoqhubeka ikhula khona. Ungayinamathisela nge-glue ekhethekile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungalahli amakhorali afile, ngoba asengaba yingxenye ye-aquarium.
Bazokwazi ukukhiqiza amagciwane azosiza ukudala izimo eduze kwalesi sikhathi.
Olunye udaba olubalulekile wukudla kwamakhorali akhethiwe. Kunezinketho ezi-2, eyodwa yazo zenzeka ngenxa ye-photosynthesis ku-alfa ye-typiotic. Esimweni sesibili, ukondleka kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthola izakhi zomzimba emanzini.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, Qiniseka ukuthi unaka lapho ama-polyps evela kumakhorali. Lokhu kusho ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokubondla. Usayizi wokudla kuya ngohlobo lwamakhorali. Njengoba zingenamehlo, zidla konke okungatholakala eduzane. Njengokudla, ungasebenzisa izibungu ezahlukahlukene, ama-crustaceans, noma ukudla okhethekile okomile, okungathengwa kunoma yisiphi isitolo esikhethekile.
Izinketho zokuklama
Kunzima kakhulu ukwenza umhlobiso we-aquarium ngezandla zakho, ikakhulukazi uma umnikazi we "nursery nursery" enjalo aqala, kodwa noma kunjalo kungenzeka. Namuhla ezitolo ungathenga izinto eziningi ezahlukahlukene zokwakheka kwe-aquarium.
Phakathi kwazo kukhona izingibe zezimo ezahlukahlukene, namatshe okwenziwa noma ama-grottoes azokwakha inkampani yamakhorali akhethiwe.
Ngosizo lwabo, ungenza ubuciko bangempela obuzojabulisa abanye ngokubukeka kwabo.
Tale of Coral
Ukubona inganekwane enjalo, kufanele usebenze kanzima. Okokuqala, Ngasemuva kwe-aquarium udinga ukwenza isizinda esifunayo.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa noma upende noma i-tepi ekhethekile yokunamathela yombala oyifunayo.
Ngemuva kwalokho phansi kwe-aquarium kufanele kumbozwe ngebhola lamatshe amnyama noma amagobolondo, kanye namatshe amancane lapho ongabeka khona amakhorali athengiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-algae ingasetshenziswa njengezikhala eziluhlaza.
I-Pseudo-marine
Ukwakha i-aquarium enjalo, uzodinga hhayi amakhorali kuphela, kepha futhi nesigcawu esingaphansi komhlaba, esifaka ama-chips wemabula, isihlabathi esimahhadla, i-quartz emhlophe egudla. Njengezinto zokuhlobisa, amagobolondo amakhulu, amatshe namakhorali akhalisiwe ngokuphelele angabekwa phansi.
Lapho zonke izinto zibunjiwe ngokuphelele, ungafaka amakhorali athengiwe, udale umbuso wasolwandle wangempela. Kulesi simo, kunengqondo ukusebenzisa ama-corals aphilayo nawokufakelwa. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kunenamba enkulu yamakhorali lapho ungakha khona izindawo zomhlaba ezinhlobonhlobo zolwandle emanzini. Uma yonke imithetho yokunakekela izilwane ibhekwa, khona-ke iyoba yinto enhle yokuhlobisa kunoma iyiphi i-aquarium.
Mayelana namakhorali e-aquarium yasekhaya, bheka ngezansi.
Okuqukethwe kwe-coral ye-Aquarium
Muhle futhi uyathandeka kumakhorali wamehlo - iphupho lanoma ngubani othanda ama-aquarium. Kodwa-ke, ekugcinweni kwalezi zidalwa eziphilayo ezimweni zokufakelwa, ulwazi olwanele nolwazi lwe-biology yamakhorali nokuhambisana kwawo nezinye izakhamizi zase-aquarium kuyadingeka. Imvelo idale izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene nezinhlobo zama-polyp polyps namakholoni ayo, kepha bambalwa kuphela kubo abakwaziyo ukusinda ezimeni zokugcinwa kokufakelwa e-aquarium.
Ama-Aquariums aqukethe amakhorali aphilayo, izakhamuzi zasolwandle nezinhlanzi ngokuvamile zingabizwa ngokuthi amadwala. Okwamanje, izindawo zasemanzini ezifuywayo zihlukaniswe izizinda zamakhorali athambile kanye nezinhlobo ezinamakholoni aqinile.
I-aquarium yokugcina amakhorali ekhaya kufanele okungenani ibe ngamalitha angama-400. Ekukhuleni okujwayelekile kanye nokuphila kwama-coral polyps, kuyadingeka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lamanzi e-aquarium ligcinwe ngezinga lama-20-28 degrees C. Kungamanzi afudumele kuphela, ahambisana nezinga lokushisa lolwandle olushisayo, lapho amakhorali ekhipha i-calcium emanzini enze ithambo lawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhorali akhetha kakhulu ngekhwalithi yamanzi, ukukhanyisa, ukuhamba kwamanzi ku-aquarium (ukugeleza kokufakelwa noma ukugeleza kwamanzi) futhi, empeleni, kusuka endaweni yezakhi eyakhiwe e-aquarium ngumnikazi wayo. Ama-corals athinta yonke imvelo yangaphakathi ye-aquarium futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi ufunde ukuthi ungagcina kanjani ibhalansi yemvelo ethambile endaweni yokugcina enomkhawulo odongeni olungabonakali.
Cishe bonke abantu abahlala emhumeni ngokwemvelo badla ezinye izidalwa eziphila emhlangeni ofanayo. Futhi umsebenzi obalulekile kulokhu ukususa noma ukunciphisa isibalo sokuqothulwa ngabakhileyo be-aquarium yakho yezinye izinyoni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela ukwakheka kwezinhlobo zezakhamizi ze-aquarium yakho yasolwandle.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi "amatshe aphilayo" ahlala endaweni ekhethekile ku-aquarium yamadwala. Lezi zingxenye zamakhorali aphilayo ngaphambili, lapho kwakhiwa khona iziqhingi zonke e-Oceania, zigcwele izilwane zasolwandle ezahlukahlukene. Amatshe “aphilayo” ngaphezulu e-aquarium yasolwandle, athembekile ngokwengeziwe ukulingana kwemvelo nokwelashwa kwezinto eziphilayo e-aquarium uqobo (amabhakede ahloniphayo ahlala ngaphakathi nangaphezu kwamatshe). Kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezizohlala e-aquarium yakho yasolwandle. Iqiniso ngukuthi emvelweni, amakhorali nama-polyp afakiwe ekudleni kwezinhlanzi eziningi. Ngakho-ke, ama-aquarium asolwandle amukela izinhlobo zezilwane ezidla kulwelwe. Bahlohla ulwelwe olungafuneki oluhlaza okotshani emadwaleni “aphilayo,” ngaleyo ndlela belawula ukukhula kwabo futhi baqhubeke nokuhlanzeka e-aquarium.
Ama-reef aquarium akhiwe izinhlanzi ezingezinkulu ngosayizi, kepha lokhu kungaphezulu kunxephezelwa ukwakheka kwawo okungafaniyo nomlingiswa ohlekisayo. Ungazibukela amahora amaningi.
Ngokombono wochwepheshe, i-aquarium yama-reef iyizinhlobonhlobo ezithakazelisa kunazo zonke zemanzini asolwandle. Umhlanga ngumhlaba ogcwele ubudlelwane obuyinkimbinkimbi nobunobunye phakathi kwezinhlanzi, ama-coral polyps, ama-shrimp nezinye izinhlobo nezinhlobo zezilwane zasolwandle. Lapha wonke umuntu ufuna ukuzihlomisa ngendawo yokuhlala enhle nephephile, anakekele ukudla, ayeke ukuhamba komakhelwane abangamenyiwe, kuyilapho engakhohlwa ngokuphepha kwabo. Abanye babahlali base-aquarium yamadwala bazama ngisho nokuthola inzalo ngenkathi bezenzela izimo ezinhle zokuphila.
Inqubo yokwakha i-aquarium egcwele yonke indawo enomugqa nendawo yokuphila ejwayelekile nezimo zokuphila ezifanele zabahlali abahlukahlukene kuyo inzima kakhulu futhi idinga isikhathi eside, ukubekezela, ukubekezela futhi, inani elikhulu ngokwanele ngalolu daba.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokwakha i-aquarium yasolwandle ekhaya, kufanele ulindele ukuthi le nqubo ingathatha unyaka, futhi kufanele uzilungiselele kusengaphambili ukwehluleka namaphutha ahlukahlukene adinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha.
Abantu abaningi banombuzo wokuthi bangawondla kanjani amakhorali, futhi ngani? Ngezinhlanzi zonke izinto zibonakala ziyaqondakala, isipiliyoni sokuzigcina sithunjiwe phakathi kwabasolwandle siqinile kakhulu futhi umbuzo kulesi sihloko awuphakami. Enye into izidalwa ezimnene nezincane njengama-coral polyps.
Noma imuphi amakhorali aziwa ama-olwandle anezindlela ezingaphezu kweyodwa zokudla.Abalandeli abakha amaqoqo aphezulu we-density reef invertebrate i-aquarium yabo kufanele bazi ukuthi izimo zokuyekethisa ngeke zilungele isilwanyana ngasinye. Izidingo zokuphakela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamakhorali zihlukile kangangokuba azikwazi ukwaneliswa ngenqubo eyodwa. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukudala ingadi yamakhorali ephumelelayo. Ngokuphikelela okwanele nokuphikelela, ungakha ubuciko bangempela be-aquarium art ekhaya lakho.
Udinga ukwazi ukuthi ama-coral ayikholomu yamaseli ezilwane - ama-polyps, avame ukuqukethe i-algae ye-Symbiotic ezicutshini zawo. Ngenxa yokukhanya okukhanyayo ngamalambu akhethekile, i-algae ikhiqiza izakhi ngesikhathi se-photosynthesis, futhi ama-polyps asebenzisa kancane lokhu. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-scleractinia, ama-coral athambile kanye ne-zoantaria enezicubu zawo ama-alicial zoicantulare (zohlobo lwe-coral hermatotype). I-Photosynthesis ye-zooxanthellae ivumela amakhorali ukusebenzisa imisebe yelanga njengomthombo wamandla.
Indlela yesibili yokondla amakhorali ukuhlunga amanzi ngokusebenzisa umthambo wamathumbu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwengeza izinto ezikhethekile emanzini adingekayo ekunakekelweni kwazo, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunyakaza kwamanzi ku-aquarium yomhlanga yokulethwa kwalezi zinto kumatende we-polyps. Kufana nendawo yemvelo, lapho amakhorali ahlala khona ekujuleni kwelanga ukukhanya kwelanga futhi ahlanzwa ngamagagasi olwandle nemisinga yolwandle. Lokhu kubanikeza izimo zokuphila ezijwayelekile nokukhula.
Kunohlobo lwesithathu lokondleka kwamakhorali - ukuhlanganisa izindlela ezimbili ezedlule, i.e. amanye amakhorali angadla e-aloyi ye-typiotic bese ngokuzimela athole ukudla kwawo emanzini.
Ama-corals adla ngokusebenzisa okokuqala kwezindlela ezichaziwe abizwa ngama-autotrophs, ama-heterotrophs adla indlela yesibili, kanti amakhorali abizwa ngokuthi ama-mixotrophs abhekiselwa endaweni yesithathu yokudla. Ezinye izinhlobo zamakhorali zingondla, zibambe izakhamizi ezincane ze-aquarium futhi zikhubazeke ngamaseli wazo ahlabayo.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi iningi lamakhorali akhona endalweni angamalungu e-mixotrophs, i.e. isetshenziselwa ukondliwa kwazo zonke izindlela ezingenhla.
Yini enye edliwayo ngamakhorali? Bangasebenzisa ukuthululwa kwezinye izilwane (okuncibilikisiwe kanye nomhlabathi), i-detritus nezinye izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo zezilwane ezi-plankton ezifile. Amagciwane nazo zonke izinto eziphilayo ezihlakazekile nawo enza ingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwamakhorali amaningi. Ukuwohloka kanye nokumbiwa phansi kwezinto eziphilayo ezifile kukhipha amaprotheni kukholamu yamanzi.
Izinto ezibonakalayo zezitshalo (phytoplankton kanye ne-algae) njengomthombo wokudla zidumile, kepha kwezinye izinhlobo zamakhorali kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, i-phytoplankton idla ama-coral feed (i-zooplankton), ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-aquarium.
Ngokwalokho okushiwo ngenhla, singasho ukuthi ama-coral polyps ajwayele ukusebenzisa zonke izinhlayiya zezinto eziphilayo ezihamba emanzini. Kodwa-ke, ukunakekelwa kwezinhlobo zohlobo ngalunye lwama-coral polyps ohlose ukuluhlalisa endaweni yakho eyi-aquarium yamadwala kufanele kusondele ngakunye, ngemuva kokufunda izici zayo zokudla kanye nezindlela zokuphila ezimweni zemvelo. Kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukubekwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamakhorali ezindaweni ezithile nasezingxenyeni ze-aquarium, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlobo olulodwa alucindezeli olunye.
Manje ngizofaka uhlu lwezinhlobo zamakhorali ezinganconywa ukuthi zixazululwe ku-aquarium yasekhaya yamadwala. Imininingwane engaphezulu ngemininingwane yokuqukethwe yalezi zinhlobo ingatholakala kwi-Intanethi noma othintane nabathengisi bezentengiso esitolo sezilwane abathengisa ama-coral polyps.
Cishe noma amakholi e-autotrophic ngokuvamile awekho nzima ukukugcina ekudingisweni uma kuhlinzekwa ukukhanya okukhanyayo, futhi angabantu abazohamba kahle ngokugcina i-aquarium yakho yasolwandle.
Ama-corals asebenzisa ikakhulukazi umsoco we-autotrophic:
- I-Acropora hyacinthus
- Acropora squamosa
- I-Pocillopora Damicornis
- I-Stylophora pistillata
- Goniastrea pectinata
- Echinopora lamellosa
- I-Symphylla sp.
- UFugia scutaria
- I-Zoanthus socialatus
- Palythoe tuberculosa
Ama-antipatarias kanye nabaseCeriantarian abaqukethe ulwelwe lwe-typiotic ezicutshini zabo futhi bondla ikakhulukazi kumakhorali angama-aermatypic, ngokwesibonelo, i-orange ekhanyayo ilanga amakhoraliI-Tubastrea sp. futhi enemibala I-Dendroneftia (Dendronephthya) i-zooplankton, i-bacterioplankton kanye ne-organic encibilikisiwe.
Ama-corals asebenzisa kakhulu umsoco we-heterotrophic:
- I-Acropora pulchra
- Acropora sguamosa
- I-Acropora palifera
- I-Pocillopora Damicornis
- I-Stylophora pistillata
- I-Seriatopora hystrix
- Echinopora lamellose
- Turbinaria danae
- Ama-favites adbita
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho usuthisa amakhorali, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake isidingo solo hlobo oluthile lwe-aquarium yakho yokudla kwe-heterotrophic futhi kususelwa kulokhu, uqoqe ukudla (okuqukethwe kwe-biofood emanzini e-aquarium). Ngeza izithasiselo ze-organic ezisebenza njengokudla kwamakhorali emanzini ase-aquarium kufanele aqaphele kakhulu, uma unikezwa ukuthi emvelweni yemvelo amakhorali ahlala engadli isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuwadambisa kancane kunokuthola amanzi amaningi e-aquarium ngokweqile ngezinto eziphilayo.
Kunezinkomba ezikuvumela ukuthi uzame ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela futhi udinga kangaki ukondla amakhorali athile. Njengomthetho, ubukhona besitho sokudla kusho ukuthi isilwane kumele sondliwe. Ngakho-ke, amakhorali anama-polyps amakhulu kakhulu, anamandla adinga ukondliwa okujwayelekile futhi / noma okuningi. Amakhorali aziwa kakhulu ngokudla kwawo ukhunta (UFungia), euphilia (I-Euphyllia), plerogyre (I-Plerogyra) kanye trachyphilia (I-Trachyphyllia) Ngokuphambene, amakhorali anama-polyps amancane kakhulu noma angavamile ngokuvamile adinga ukondliwa okuqondile. Isibonelo, umjondolo ophuzi turbinaria sinesifiso esincane sokudla kunezihlobo zaso ezijulile.
Izinkomba eziphambili zempilo kanye nokuba khona okujwayelekile kwamakhorali emanzini kungukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwabo, okufanele kube yimibandela yempumelelo yokwakha i-aquarium yakho yasolwandle.