Iminyaka: | Impilo uchungechunge lokukhetha nsuku zonke olunemiphumela. Izinyoni Ezifudukayo yifilimu yesici ekhuluma ngowesifazane, isiphetho sengane yakhe sincike ekukhetheni kwakhe.
UJulia wasuka ezweni lakubo eminyakeni engama-20 edlule futhi akazange abuyele lapho. Wayesekhulelwe. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, ubengagcinanga ukuxhumana nomndeni wakhe. UJulia wafudukela eMoscow futhi yonke le minyaka waphila kamnandi futhi wakhulisa indodana yakhe. Kepha kwaba nenkathazo endlini yakhe. Indodana yayisesimweni esingemnandi futhi manje ilinde ijele. Owesifazane uphelelwe yithemba futhi akazi ukuthi angamsiza kanjani umntwana, kepha ngenxa yensindiso yakhe usekulungele noma yini.
Abasebenzi bezinsizakalo ezikhethekile banqume ukusizakala isimo sikanina. Phezu kweminyaka engama-20 eyedlule, ubaba kaJulia wahola elinye lamaqembu ezigebengu aqala ukulwa edolobheni. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, ukuzingela kwangempela kwenziwa indoda, kepha akekho noyedwa owakwazi ukuthola igunya lobugebengu. Manje abameli bezomthetho baphendukela kuJulia ukuthola usizo, futhi ngokunye baqinisekisa ukukhululeka endodaneni yakhe. Owesifazane kudingeka abuyele ezweni lakubo, asungule ubudlelwano nobaba wakhe, azithole ethembekile futhi aludlulisele yonke imininingwane ngaye ezinkonzweni zemfihlo.
Izinyoni ezifudukayo
Ngokwemvelo yokufuduka kwesizini, izinyoni zihlukaniswe ngokuhlala, ukufuduka, noma ukufuduka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, izinyoni, njengezinye izilwane, zingaxoshwa kunoma iyiphi insimu ngaphandle kokubuyela emuva, noma ukuhlaselwa (ukwethulwa) ezifundeni ezingaphandle kwendawo yazo yokuhlala yaphakade, ukuthutha okunjalo akuhlobene ngqo nokufuduka. Ukuxoshwa noma ukwethulwa kungahle kuhlotshaniswe nezinguquko zemvelo ngokubukeka komhlaba - imililo yamahlathi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukukhishwa kwamachibi, njll., Noma nokwakhiwa kabusha kohlobo oluthile endaweni ethile. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, izinyoni ziyaphoqelelwa ukuba zifune indawo entsha, futhi ukunyakaza okunjalo akuhlangene neze ngendlela yazo yokuphila noma izinkathi zonyaka. Izingeniso nazo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yizingeniso - ukuthutha ngenhloso kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezifundeni lapho zingakaze zakhe khona ngaphambili. Lezi zokugcina, ngokwesibonelo, zifaka inkanyezi ejwayelekile. Ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokungathandabuzi ukuthi uhlobo lwenyoni oluhleliwe luhlala ngokuqinile, luzulazula, noma lufuduka: abantu abahlukahlukene bohlobo olufanayo, ngisho nezinyoni zomphakathi ofanayo, zingaziphatha ngendlela ehlukile. Isibonelo, i-wren iningi ebangeni, kufaka phakathi cishe yonke i-Europe kanye ne-circumpolar Commander kanye neziqhingi zase-Aleutian, ihlala ngokuzinzile, eCanada nasenyakatho ye-United States izulazula ibanga elingabalulekanga, futhi enyakatho nentshonalanga yeRussia, eScandinavia naseMpumalanga Ekude kuyathutha. Ku-staray ejwayelekile noma i-blue jay (ICyanocitta cristata) isimo singenzeka lapho endaweni efanayo yezinyoni ebusika zihambela eningizimu, ingxenye ifika ivela enyakatho, kanti ingxenye ihlala ihlala.
Izinyoni ezinentambo
Izinyoni ezihleliwe yilezo ezinamathela endaweni ethile encane futhi azihambi ngaphandle kwawo. Iningi lezinhlobo zezinyoni ezinjalo lihlala ezimweni lapho izinguquko zesikhathi sonyaka zingathinti khona ukutholakala kokudla - isimo sezulu esishisayo nesiphansi komhlaba. Ezindaweni ezifudumele nezisenyakatho, zimbalwa izinyoni ezinje, ikakhulukazi ama-synanthropes, izinyoni ezihlala eduze komuntu futhi zincike kuye: ijuba eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, undlunkulu wendlu, iqhude elingwevu, i-jackdaw nabanye. Ezinye izinyoni ezihlala phansi, nazo ezibizwa kubekwe umdabuli, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuzalela, kuthuthela ebangeni elingasho lutho kusuka ezingxenyeni zalo ezidlekayo - endaweni yeRussian Federation, izinyoni ezinjalo zifaka i-grouse, i-grouse, i-grouse emnyama, ingxenye encane yama-oatmeal. .
Izinyoni ezizulazulayo
Izinyoni ezingama-nomadic ziyizinyoni ezihlala zihamba ezindaweni ngezindawo zifuna ukudla esikhathini sokuzalela. Ukunyakaza okunjalo akuhambisani neze ne-cyclicity futhi kuncike ngokuphelele ekutholakaleni kokudla.
E-Russia, izinyoni ezifudukayo zifaka i-titmouse, i-nuthatch, i-jay, i-crossbill, i-pike, i-siskin, i-bullfinch, i-waxwing, njll.
Izinyoni ezifudukayo
Izinyoni ezifudukayo zenza ukunyakaza okujwayelekile kwesizini phakathi kwezindawo ezidlekayo nezindawo zobusika. Ukuhlala kabusha kungenzeka emabangeni asondele nakude. Ngokusho kwe-ornithologists, ijubane elijwayelekile lokundiza lezinyoni ezincane licishe libe ngu-30 km / h, nezinyoni ezinkulu cishe ezingama-80 km / h. Imvamisa idlula ngezigaba eziningana lapho kuyekwa khona ukuphumula nokondla. Lapho inyoni incane, imfushane ibanga abakwaziyo ukuyazi ngesikhathi esisodwa: izinyoni ezincane zingandiza ngokuqhubekayo amahora angama-70 - 90, ngenkathi zimboza ibanga elingafika ku-4000 km.
Izindlela Zendlela
- Ukuhlukaniswa kokufuduka.
- Ukufuduka Kwe-Rollover.
- Ukufuduka okuyindilinga. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka okuyindilinga, izindlela zasentwasahlobo nezekwindla azihambelani.
Ukufuduka kungaqondiswa ngokuqondile (ukusuka esifundeni esithile kuya kwesinye ngenkathi kugcinwa isimo esijwayelekile), noma kuqondiswe ngokuthe ngqo (kuya ezintabeni nakokuphambene nalokho).
Izinkomba zezindiza
Imikhombandlela yokufuduka kwezinyoni ihlukahlukene kakhulu. Ezinyoni ezisenyakatho ye-hemisphere, kujwayelekile ukundiza ukusuka enyakatho (lapho izidleke zezinyoni) ziye eningizimu (lapho zihlala khona hibernate) kanye okuphambene nalokho. Ukunyakaza okunjalo kunesimo sokuphakama okucashile kanye ne-arctic of the hemisphere esenyakatho. Lokhu kuthuthelwa kususelwa kusethi yezizathu, eyinhloko yazo esezindleko zamandla - ehlobo ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, ukunyuka kwamahora okukhanya, okunikeza izinyoni eziphila emini amathuba amaningi okondla izingane zazo: uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo zezinyoni ezishisayo, ukubekwa kwamaqanda kwazo kuphezulu. Ekwindla, lapho ubude bosuku bosuku buncishisiwe, izinyoni ziya esifundeni ezifudumele, lapho ukudla kungathinteka kakhulu ekushintshashintsheni kwenkathi yonyaka.
Izincwadi
- ↑ 12 I-Bogolyubov A. S., Zhdanova O. V., Kravchenko M. V. "Reference book on ornithology. Ukufuduka kwezinyoni ”EMoscow, i-“ Ecosystem ”, 2006 online
- ↑Kwethulwe izinhlobo i-Encyclopedia Britannica. Funda u-2008-09-02
- ↑ UJosep del Hoyo, u-Andrew Elliott, uDavid A. Christie “Incwajana Yezinyoni Zomhlaba, Vol. I-10: Cuckoo-Shrikes to Thrushes »Lynx Edicions. 2005. I-ISBN 84-87334-72-5
- ↑ IsiKhungo Sokucwaninga Kwasendle Sasemanzini Sokufuduka Kwezinyoni. Amaphethini weJografi Wokufuduka. Funda 2007-09-02
- ↑ 12 Berthold, P. 1993. Ukufuduka kwezinyoni: inhlolovo jikelele. I-Oxford University Press, eNew York, New York, e-USA.
- ↑ 12 UThomas Alerstam "Ukufuduka Kwezinyoni" ECambridge University Press
- ↑Ukufuduka kwezinyoni Universitetet i Oslo. Funda 2007-09-02
Isisekelo seWikimedia. 2010.
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