I-tit enkulu ingeyohlobo lwe-tit, iyinyoni edlula futhi yakha izinhlobo ezihlukile kuhlobo lwayo.

Ihlala endaweni ye-Europe, yonke indawo, ngaphandle kwasenyakatho yeNhlonhlo yeScandinavia. Lezi zinyoni zihlala eNyakatho Afrika, eCentral naseNyakatho ye-Asia, eMiddle East, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina, eKazakhstan naseMongolia. Ezweni lethu, i-tit ijwayelekile engxenyeni yezwe yaseYurophu, esifundeni sase-Amur, eTransbaikalia naseningizimu yeSiberia. Lolu hlobo aluthinteki ekufudukeni futhi luhlala sonke isikhathi endaweni eyodwa, ngisho nalezo zinyoni ezihlala eNyakatho. Izindiza ezinkulu zama-tits ezindaweni ezinhle zendawo zazibonwa kuphela eminyakeni eyindilinga.

I-tit enkulu (iParus enkulu).

I-Blue Tit

I-Blue Tit iyinhle kunazo zonke emndenini wayo. Mncane kakhulu kune-tit enkulu. Ubukhulu bayo bungafinyelela ku-14 cm ubude futhi kube nesisindo esiyi-10-15 g. Impela, ifana nomndeni. Kepha i-tit tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yaba negama layo ngenxa yesigqoko esimhlophe esinechaphaza eliluhlaza ekhanda. umbala wayo unemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka neminqumo eluhlaza. Iminyaka ye-Blue Tit inganqunywa ngokuqina kombala. Izinyoni ezincane azikhanyi kangako kunabamele asebekhulile balezi zinhlobo.

Incazelo ye-Tit

Igama elithi "tit" laqanjwa lisuselwa egameni "umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", ngenxa yalokho, lihlobene ngqo nombala wenyoni, i-Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus), ngaphambili eyayingeyohlobo lwe-tits. Izinhlobo eziningi ebezingezimpawu zangempela manje sezidluliselwa esigabeni sezinye izinhlobo: i-Sittiparus, Machlolophus, Periarus, Melaniparus, Pseudopodoces, gaits (Poecile) ne-azure (Cyanistes).

Ukubukeka

Umndeni weTitmouse ubandakanya okubhalwe phansi: i-tiles ende futhi emnyama ekhokhiswayo . Emhlabeni namhlanje kunezinhlobo zezinyoni ezaziwa kakhulu futhi ezifundwe kahle ezingaphezulu kwekhulu ezikule hlobo lolo hlobo, kodwa kusisiko ukubheka lezi zinyoni njengezinyoni eziyiqiniso, ezifakiwe emndenini we-titmouse. Abamele izinhlobo ze-Grey Tit zibonakaliswa umugqa omnyama obanzi eceleni kwesisu, kanye nokungabikho kwe-crest. Umehluko wezinhlobo eziphambili ngumbala grey ngemuva, cap emnyama, amabala amhlophe esihlathini nesifuba esikhanyayo. Isisu simhlophe, sinomucu omnyama ophakathi nendawo.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Umsila unombala womlotha futhi izimpaphe zomsila emsileni zibomvu. I-undertery nayo imnyama engxenyeni ephakathi nendawo nenombala omhlophe ohlangothini.

I-tit enkulu iyinyoni eshisayo, kunalokho i-swivel bird, enobude obungu-13-17 cm, enesisindo esilingana ne-14-21 g namapiko angabi ngaphezu kwama-22- 26 cm. Uhlobo luyehluka entanyeni nasekhanda kumnyama, futhi futhi lunamandla okusheshayo izihlathi ezimhlophe zamehlo, ingaphezulu elinombala we-olive nompunga ongaphansi. Ukubhalwa okuningi kwalokhu kwezinhlobo kwehluka ngokuhlukahluka okuphawuleka kakhulu kumbala wethani.

Isimilo nendlela yokuphila

Kunzima kakhulu ukuthi i-titmouse ilale noma ihlale endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside. Inyoni enjalo ijwayele ukunyakaza okungaguquki, kepha ayinambulelo ngokuphelele ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala kwesidalwa esinamehlo. Phakathi kokunye, laba abathumeli abanazo izimbangi zokuguga, ukuhamba nokufuna ukwazi, futhi sibonga imilenze elishumi futhi eqinile kakhulu inyoni encane kangaka ngobukhulu iyakwazi ukwenza amaqhinga amaningi, kufaka phakathi zonke izinhlobo zama-flip-flops.

Ngenxa yama-paws akhule kahle, ama-tiles ayaphila ngisho nasezimweni ezingezinhle, ekude kakhulu nesidleke sawo. Lapho inamathisela phezulu kwegatsha, le nyoni ilala ngokushesha, ifane nokubukeka njengesigaxa esincanyana futhi esimanzi kakhulu. Yisici lesi esisindisa ngesikhathi sokubanda kakhulu kobusika. Indlela yokuphila yazo zonke izinhlobo zemibhede kwesinye isikhathi ihlala phansi, kepha ezinye izinhlobo, ngokusho kochwepheshe, zivame ukuzulazula ngezikhathi ezithile.

Noma kunjalo, inhlobo ngayinye yama-tits inezimpawu zayo zokuzalwa kuphela, izici zayo ezihlangene, kanye nezimpawu ezihlanganisa bonke abamele lolu hlobo lwezinsikazi zinhle futhi ziyakhumbuleka, ukuziphatha kabi okubi ngokumangalisayo futhi kumane kuculwe ngokuzwakalayo, kuthokomele ekuvumelaneni.

Inqubo yokuncibilika kwezinyoni zalezi zinhlobo ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo yenzeka kanye ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! IGrey tit, njengomthetho, ibonwa ngababili, kepha kwesinye isikhathi izinyoni ezinjalo zihlangana ngamaqembu amancane ama-intraspecific noma nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni. Le mhlambi okuthiwa ixubekile ithela kakhulu ekutholeni ukudla esikhathini sokulamba.

Ngokwemvelo, zonke izinhlobo zama-tito zingezesigaba sama-oda wangempela emvelo. Abantu abadala bachitha ngentshiseko inamba enkulu yezinambuzane eziningi eziyingozi, ngaleyo ndlela basindisa lo mbala oluhlaza ekufeni. Isibonelo, kumndeni owodwa wama-tits ukondla inzalo yakhe, kuyadingeka ukusula izihlahla ezingaphezu kweshumi nane kwizinambuzane. Ukuxhumana nomunye nomunye, i-bird-titmouse isebenzisa i-tweet ekhethekile "enciphisayo", ekhumbuza imisindo ekhanyayo nemisindo ye "blue-blue-blue."

Zingaki i-tiles eziphila

Impilo ye-titmouse ezimweni zemvelo ihlala isikhathi esifushane kakhulu futhi, njengomthetho, yiminyaka emithathu kuphela. Lapho igcinwe ekudingisweni, i-Great Tit ikwazi ukusinda kuze kufike eminyakeni eyishumi nanhlanu. Noma kunjalo, inani lesikhathi sokuphila kwesilwane esinemibala engajwayelekile kanjalo kuncike ezicini eziningi kakhulu, kufaka phakathi ukuhambisana nemithetho yokulungiswa kwesondlo nemithetho yokondla.

I-dimorphism yezocansi

Izinsikazi ezimpunga zinomucu omncane futhi ocekeceke esiswini . Izinsikazi zesigaxa esikhulu zifana kakhulu ngokubukeka kwabesilisa, kepha ngokuvamile, zinombala omncane wokuphindaphindeka, ngakho-ke amathoni amnyama ekhanda nasesifubeni ahlukaniswa yi-grey hue emnyama, kanti ikhola nemisipha emnyama esiswini imincanyana futhi ingahle yephule .

Izinhlobo zama Tits

Ngokuhambisana nedatha enikezwe yi-International Union of Ornithologists, i-genus Parus ifaka izinhlobo ezine:

• Grey tit (Parus cinereus ) - uhlobo olufaka okumbalwa okucatshangelwa ukuthi esikhathini esithile esidlule kwakuyinhlobo ye-Great Tit (Parus enkulu),
• Bolshak , noma Ingxenye enkulu (Parus ezinkulu ) - uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu noluningi kakhulu,
• Empumalanga , noma Ingxenye yesiJapan (Parus omncane ) - uhlobo olwethulwa ama-subspecies ambalwa ngasikhathi sinye, olungafani ekuxubeni noma ekuhlanganiseni njalo
• I-Green-backed tit (Parus monticolus ).

Kuze kube muva nje, izinhlobo zezinhlamvu zaseMpumalanga noma ezaseJapan bezihlukaniswa njengezinhlobo zezitendi ezinkulu, kodwa ngenxa yemizamo yabaphenyi baseRussia kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zimane zahlala ngokuphumelelayo.

Habitat, indawo yokuhlala

I-grey tit imelelwa yizihlobo eziyishumi nantathu:

• R.c. I-Ambiguus - isakhamizi senhlonhlo yeMalacca kanye nesiqhingi saseSumatra,
• P.c. i-Caschmirensis enendawo empunga ngemuva kwekhanda iyisakhamuzi esisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afghanistan, enyakatho yePakistan nasenyakatho nentshonalanga yeNdiya,
• P.c. I-сinereus Vieillot - isifunda esibonisa ukuthi sihlala esiqhingini saseJava naseziQhingini zaseSunda Little,
• P.c. desоlorans Koelz - ohlala ezweni elisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Afghanistan nasenyakatho nentshonalanga yePakistan,
• P.c. hainanus E.J.O. UNartert ungumhlali waseHainan Island,
• P.c. intermedius Zarudny uyisakhamuzi esisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Iran kanye nenyakatho nentshonalanga yeTurkmenistan,
• P.c. mahrättarum E.J.O. UNartert ungumhlali wasenyakatho-nentshonalanga yeNdiya nesiqhingi saseSri Lanka,
• P.c. panorum E.J.O. INartert ingumhlali wasenyakatho neNdiya, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, indawo ephakathi nentshonalanga neMyanmar.
• P.c. sаrаwacensis Slater - ohlala esiqhingini saseKalimantan,
• P.c. sturaye Kölz - ohlala entshonalanga, enkabeni nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeNdiya,
• P.c. temrlrum Meyer de Sсhauensee - ohlala endaweni ephakathi nentshonalanga yeThailand, eningizimu ye-Indochina,
• P.c. vauriеi Rirli - isakhamuzi saseNyakatho-mpumalanga yeNdiya,
• P.c. ziaratensis Whistler ingumhlali wasenkabeni naseningizimu ye-Afghanistan, entshonalanga nePakistan.

I-tit enkulu iyindawo okuhlala kuyo yonke insiza eMiddle East naseYurophu, itholakala eNyakatho ne-Asia Ephakathi, kuhlala ezinye izindawo zaseNyakatho Afrika. Ukubhalwa kweshumi nanhlanu kwe-tit enkulu kunendawo ehluke ngokuphelele:

• P.m. i-rhrodite - ohlala eningizimu ye-Italy, eningizimu yeGrisi, iziqhingi zoLwandle i-Aegean neCyprus,
• P.m. blanfordi - ohlala enyakatho ye-Iraq, enyakatho, enyakatho engxenyeni ephakathi nengxenye eseningizimu ntshonalanga ye-Iran,
• P.m. bokharensis - isakhamuzi sendawo yaseTurkmenistan, enyakatho ye-Afghanistan, eningizimu yengxenye ephakathi neKazakhstan nase-Uzbekistan,
• P.m. i-sorsus - isakhamuzi sendawo yePortugal, eningizimu yeSpain neCorsica,
• P.m. eski - umuntu ohlala ezifundeni zaseSardinia,
• P.m. i-exсesus iyisakhamuzi esisenyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Afrika, isuka engxenyeni engasentshonalanga yeMorocco iya engxenyeni esenyakatho nentshonalanga yeTunisia,
• P.m. I-Ferghanensis - isakhamuzi saseTajikistan, Kyrgyzstan nengxenye esentshonalanga yeChina,
• P.m. I-karustini - isakhamuzi esiseningizimu-mpumalanga yeKazakhstan noma i-Dzungarian Alatau, indawo esenyakatho esenyakatho nentshonalanga yeChina neMongolia, iTransbaikalia, izindawo ezifinyelela phezulu e-Amur nasePrimorye, ingxenye esenyakatho eya ogwini loLwandle lwase-Okhotsk,
• P.m. UKarelini - umhlali waseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Azerbaijan nasenyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Iran,
• P.m. majоr - isakhamuzi esijwayelekile sezwekazi laseYurophu, enyakatho nasempumalanga engxenyeni ephakathi, nengxenye esenyakatho yeSpain, amaBalkan nasenyakatho ne-Italiya, iSiberia empumalanga ngqo eLake Baikal, eningizimu ezintabeni zase-Altai, empumalanga nasenyakatho yeKazakhstan, ICaucasus neAzerbaijan ngaphandle kwengxenye eseningizimu-mpumalanga,
• P.m. I-Mallorsay - isakhamuzi sase-Balearic Islands,
• P.m. INevtoni - isakhamuzi saseBritish Isles, eNetherlands naseBelgium kanye nengxenye esenyakatho nentshonalanga yeFrance,
• P.m. i-niethammameri - isakhamuzi saseKrethe,
• P.m. i-terraesanctae - umhlali waseLebanoni, eSyria, kwa-Israyeli, eJordani nasenyakatho-nasempumalanga yeGibhithe,
• P.m. ITurkstanistanus iyisakhamuzi esisengxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeKazakhstan nezindawo eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga neMongolia.

Endle, abamele izinhlobo zezilwane zitholakala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zamahlathi, imvamisa kakhulu ezindaweni ezivulekile kakhulu nasemaphethelweni, futhi zihlale ngasogwini lwezindawo zokugcina zemvelo.

I-Eastern noma iJapan tit yona imelelwa yizixhaso eziyisishiyagalolunye:

• P.m. amamiensis - ohlala enyakatho yeRyukyu Islands,
• P.m. сommixtus - ohlala eningizimu yeChina kanye nenyakatho yeVietnam,
• P.m. dagletensis - isakhamuzi esiqhingini sase-Ullyndo eduze naseKorea,
• P.m. kagoshimae - ohlala eningizimu yesiqhingi saseKyushu naseziqhingini zaseGoto,
• P.m. Encane - ohlala empumalanga yeSiberia, eningizimu yeSakhalin, empumalanga engxenyeni ephakathi nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeChina, Korea neJapan,
• P.m. nigrilоris - ohlala eningizimu yeziqhingi zaseRyukyu,
• P.m. nubiolus - ohlala empumalanga yeMyanmar, enyakatho yeThailand nasenyakatho nentshonalanga ye-Indochina,
• P.m. okinaway - ohlala esikhungweni seRyukyu Islands,
• P.m. I-tibetanus iyisakhamuzi esiseningizimu-mpumalanga yeTibet, eningizimu-ntshonalanga naseningizimu maphakathi neChina, enyakatho neMyanmar.

I-tit-backed tit isisabalale eBangistan naseBhutan, eChina naseNdiya, futhi ihlala eNepal, Pakistan, Thailand naseVietnam. Izindawo zemvelo zalolu hlobo zingamahlathi agqamile kanye nezindawo ezingamahlathi ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo, izindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba kanye namahlathi aswakeme asendaweni eshisayo.

Isilinganiso se-tit

Ngesikhathi sokuzalela okusebenzayo, ama-tits adla ama-invertebrates amancane, kanye nezibungu zawo. Ama-oda anezici abulala izinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane zamahlathi. Noma kunjalo, isisekelo se-feed rage yanoma iyiphi i-tit phakathi nalesi sikhathi sivame ukumelelwa:

• izibungu zezinyamazane
• izicabucabu
• izinsimbi nezinye izimbungulu,
• izinambuzane ezidonsa emigodini, kufaka phakathi izimpukane, omiyane kanye namaphakathi
• izinto eziphilayo ezinamaphiko, kubandakanya nezimbungulu.

Ama-titmouse nawo adla amaqhude, ama-orthopteran ngesimo sezintethe namakhethini, ama-dragonflies amancanyana, ama-reticuliformes, amakheli endle, izintuthwane, imikhaza nemisipha. Inyoni endala ikwazi ukujabulela izinyosi, lapho kususwe khona isikhali ngaphambili . Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, ama-tits angadla inyamazane enjengemifudlana ye-bat, okuthi, ngemuva kokushiya ubusika obusika, ihlale ingasebenzi futhi ifinyeleleke impela ezinyoni. Amabhikidi adliswa, njengomthetho, ngamacimbi azo zonke izinhlobo zezimvemvane, ubude bawo bomzimba bungabi ngaphezu kuka-10 mm.

Ekwindla nasebusika, iqhaza lokudla kwezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi imbewu ye-hazel ne-beech yaseYurophu, likhuphuka kakhulu ekudleni kwe-titmouse. Izinyoni zidla emasimini futhi ezindaweni ezihlwanyelwe zinokusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu kukammbila, i-rye, i-oats nokolweni.

Izinyoni ezihlala endaweni esenyakatho nentshonalanga yeRussia zivame ukudla izithelo nezithelo zezitshalo ezithile ezivame kakhulu:

• wadla naphayini
• imephu neminduze,
• ama-lilacs
• amabhakede
• sorrel yamahhashi
• pikulnikov,
• iwashi
• i-elderberry ebomvu
• irgi
• umlotha wasentabeni
• aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• i-hemp nelanga.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-tit enkulu nezinye izinhlobo zalolu hlobo lobuciko, kufaka phakathi iBlue Tit neMuscovite, ukushoda kwezitoko zazo ebusika. Le nyoni enamanyala futhi eyiselula ingakwazi ukuthola ikhono lokuphakelwa elaliqoqwe futhi lifihlwe ekwindla kwezinye izinyoni. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, kwesinye isikhathi abamele izinhlobo ze-Great Tit bangadla i-carrion ehlukahlukene.

Ukondla, ama-tits avame ukuvakashela abondli bezinyoni emadolobheni nasemapaki lapho badla khona imbewu yezilanga, izinsalela zokudla kanye nama-breadcrumbs, kanye nebhotela nezicucu zamaladi angenalwazi. Futhi, imfoloko itholakala kumqhele wezihlahla, imvamisa emahlokini aphansi ezitshalo nakuhlamvu lwamahlamvu angaphansi kwezihlahla noma izihlahla.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Kuyisiga esikhulu sokuthi phakathi kwabo bonke abantu abadlulayo ban Uhlu olukhulu kakhulu lwezinto ezizingelayo, futhi ngokubulala irosette, oatmeal ovamile, i-flycatcher ebunjiwe, inkosi enamakhanda aphuzi noma ilulwane, umhlaseli onemibala ubeka kalula ubuchopho babo kubo.

Izithelo ezinamagobolondo anzima kakhulu, kufaka phakathi amantongomane, kuqala zephulwa ngumlomo. I-tit enkulu iyamangaza. Abamele le nhlobo baziwa kakhulu njengama-scavenger angapheli futhi ajwayelekile adla izidumbu zezilwane ezincelisayo ezahlukahlukene ezingabonakali.

I-tit iyisihlobo esiseduze kakhulu nondlunkulu owaziwayo, ifana kakhulu ngokubukeka nemikhuba, isuka kude ingadideka, kepha kusuka kude, bheka isithombe, noma kunjalo, i-titmouse iyinyoni enhle kakhulu. Kunesisu esikhanyayo esiphundu esine- “tie” emnyama, isigqoko esimnyama nesibhakabhaka ekhanda, isikhafu esimnyama entanyeni, izihlathi ezimhlophe, umhlane ophuzi oluhlaza, amaphiko ampunga nomsila ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uyabuza lapho kule ncazelo yenyoni luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka , kungani le nyoni ibizwa nge- titmouse .

Igama lale nyoni - le-tit lalingaqhamuka ku-plumage, kepha kusukela ekuculeni kwe-sonorous, lisenkabeni efana nokukhala kwensimbi, zin-xin-qi-qi. Noma kunjalo, phakathi kwe-tits kukhona labo abagqoka isigqoko esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ophuzi ne-blue plumage, lena yi-titmouse blue tit. Isithombe sakhe sisekuleli khasi. Incane kakhulu kune-tit ejwayelekile, kepha ubuhle bezinwele aziphansi kumaphalishi, futhi kungani siqhathanisa le ntethe nondlunkulu, iqiniso ngukuthi baqhamuka emndenini ofanayo wama-passerines, futhi nabo bagxumela emhlabathini lapho bondla, njengondlunkulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-plumage yensikazi yesitho somzimba iyathambile kunaleyo yowesilisa futhi ingadideka kalula isuka kude.

Kepha ukundiza njengenyoni bekungakufanelekela zonke izinyoni ukuba zifunde, akufane kudlule amaphiko alo njengoba indiza, konga amandla, ongondlunkulu ongenakwenza nhlobo. Futhi tit njengondlunkulu udla amacimbi we-shaggy ukuthi ezinye izinyoni azidli. Abalimi babheka i-tits njengabavikeli abahle kakhulu bezingadi.

Umbhangqwana owodwa we-tins ophila engadini ungavikela izihlahla zezithelo ezingama-40, futhi akukho makhemikhali ayingozi adingekayo engadini. Ngosuku titmouse ekwazi ukususa ingadi yamacimbi angu-360 , kaninginingi nje ubuyela esidlekeni namachwane, udle ishumi ngentokozo yama-bugs nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, kanye nezibungu zazo.

Ukuze izinyoni eziyishumi zizinze engadini, hang hangouse engadini. I-Titmouse iyindlu eyindilinga , njengesiqu somuthi, njenge-birdhouse, okufakwayo kuphela kuncane.

Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kwendlu yama-tits kungaba yinoma yikuphi, uma nje izinyoni bezithanda. I-Titmouse ehlathini ihlala emigodini eyenziwe ngokhuni ngabasebenza ngamapulangwe, bona abazi ukuthi bazenze kanjani, khumbula nje izingane, ithempeli kumele lihlanzwe ezidlekeni ezindala minyaka yonke, ezindlini ezinezidleke ezindala, ama-toni awahlali .

I-Tit, inyoni ebusika noma efudukayo.

I-Tit nondlunkulu ebusika emkhombeni wokudla

I-Tit bird kuxazululwe hhayi ukufuduka Ngenkathi uhlala ehlathini, ekugcineni ekwindla asondela kubantu, ezivandeni nasemapaki, lapho kufudumele khona futhi ungakuthola ukudla, futhi, ngendlela, kufika undlunkulu. E-Russia, kukhona ngisho ne-aben enjalo: kufika ama-tits, lindela ukuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, futhi usuku lapho ama-tits afika kuleli dolobha abizwa ngalo usuku lweSinichkin, ngaphambi kokuba kugujwe ngisho nangoNovemba 12.

Ngakho-ke, izingane ezisezinalwaneni ebusika zizondliwa. Yini ukondla ama-bluebirds?

I-Titmouse ingadliwa:

• imbewu yelanga
• Amafutha engulube - abathumeli bezingulube balikhotha ngobumnandi,
• irayisi ebilisiwe, i-buckwheat noma ibhali leparele,
• amazambane.

Ungondla ngesinkwa, kuphela isinkwa esimhlophe nama-rolls we-tits angenakudliwa, ngenxa yemvubelo equkethwe ngokweqile kusinkwa esimhlophe, angafa.

Futhi izingane zesishumi ziyathemba, zinjalo ngempela bangafundiswa ukuthatha ukudla ezintendeni zezandla ? Vele uyakwazi, udinga nje ukubekezela. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-titmouse, ithatha ukudla kuwe, ingakuyisa kumngane wayo, owesilisa noma owesilisa, noma izingane zakhe ezindala, okungekho nyoni ekwenza manje. Ngokumangazayo, inyoni ene-titmouse idla ukudla ngokucophelela, ingaze, lapho, ngaphandle kokukugwinya ngokuphelele, ngokwesibonelo, i-titmouse, ithatha imbewu, iyicindezela ngesivalo igatshele egatsheni, ilihlaba ngensimbi yomlomo futhi ifake izingcezu zenyama ngobunono.

Uma unenhlanhla futhi i-tit ihleli esandleni sakho, yenza isifiso, uma i-pichuga izokhalaza - konke okuqageleyo kuzokwenzeka - lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esidumile.

Ingabe izingane zingabhekwa njengezivimbayo?

Lesi isigaxa esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uthwele isigqoko esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Uyakwazi, uyahlabelela. Ochwepheshe engomeni ye-tit bacula izingoma ezi-40 ezahlukahlukene. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-titmouse efanayo ingaguqula ngasikhathi sinye ukwahlukahluka kwengoma yayo - amadolo, ehlukile ngesikhathi sokulinganisa kanye nesigqi, iphimbo lemisindo nenombolo yama-sillies engomeni. Isishumi sowesilisa sihlabelela kangcono kunowesifazane , cishe unyaka wonke, ngaphandle kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, lapho izinyoni zingenasikhathi sezingoma.

Ngokwami, nginendaba ethinta inhliziyo ehlangene nokucula i-titmouse. Kwahlala indlu encane endlini yethu, ngaphansi kophahla ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Uhlabelele ukuthi muhle kanjani angakwazi ukusho ngamazwi, uvuka ekuseni, ngagijimela emgaqweni ukuyolalela ama-trill akhe, futhi kufanele ngibone ukuthi ngangivele ngizwe umkhulu wami ecula isiculo se-titmouse futhi wayesephuze ngisho emsebenzini. Yanyamalala ekuseni eyodwa kuphela, kwathi kusihla egcekeni umoya wahambisa izimpaphe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuphuzi.

Umsolwa wayebonakala engowami. Futhi manje, iminyaka eminingi manje, angikwazi ukuphatha ukuthola amabhlogo engadini, engingakwenzi nje, umndeni wakwaSinichkino udlula engadini yami. Into ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu ukuthi ebuntwaneni ubaba wangitshela ngale ndaba efanayo, wayengumuntu omncane kunami namuhla, futhi ngaleso sikhathi ngangingakabi kule projekthi.

Nasi izeluleko zami kini bantwana - bheka isithombe se-bird tit bese uyikhumbula kahle incazelo yakhe. Nakekela izimbotshana ezincane, zizokukhokhela ngokusemandleni azo, zivikele ingadi, zikujabulise ngezingoma ezimnandi, futhi zizokunikeza nethemba lokugcwaliseka kwezifiso.

Sanibonani bathandekayo balesi siza ngezilwane. U-Alexander uthintana nawe. Uyazi, ngengozi ngisanda kukhumbula ukuthi muva nje engangikujabulela ukuhlangana kwezinyoni ezinhle kumondli wethu wezinyoni esihlahleni engadini eduze kwendlu. Sivame ukulengisa inani labo elikhulu esihlahleni ngasinye ebusika.

Futhi kulokhu, izinyoni ezinhle zindiza eziya kwabondli, ebesingakaze sizibone ehlobo. Lezi kwakuyizinyoni - ama-tits. Muhle kakhulu, ungadabuli amehlo akho. Kulesi sihloko ngizokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ze-tits futhi ubheke izithombe zabo.

Indawo yokuhlala kanye nokudla kwama-tits

Indawo yokuhlala kwale nyoni ibanzi impela. Zitholakala eCentral naseNyakatho ye-Asia, eMiddle East, kanye naseYurophu yonke. Bahlala emaphethelweni, ogwini lwamachibi, emaceleni, emahlathini aqhelelene futhi axutshwe, amapaki.

Njengekhaya le-tit, basebenzisa izimbobo ezilahliwe zama-squirrels kanye ne-Woodpeckers, noma bakha izidleke ngokuzimele endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha amahlanu ngaphezu komhlaba. Izinto zokwakha izinyoni zingama-cobwebs, ama-moss, uboya, umhlanga, utshani.

I-tit ingenye yezinyoni eziqhakambisa kakhulu ama-Passeriformes oku-oda. Udla ngokuqhubekayo usuku lonke. Ukudla okungadliwe i-titmouse khona lapho kufihlwe ezindaweni ezifihliwe.

Ukudla kwama-toni kuhluke kakhulu. Izinambuzane kukudla kwazo okuyinhloko, kepha zibuye zidle amajikijolo ahlukahlukene, kanye nophathilanga kanye nembewu yethanga, isaladi no-ukhilimu emaphaketheni obisi abashiya ku-feeders.

Kwesinye isikhathi izinyoni zidla u-carrion. Amathanga aphekelwa ngamacimbi amancane wezimvemvane, ujusi wezinambuzane ezichotshoziwe, nezimpukane. Ukudla okuthosiwe, okunosawoti nokukhohlakele kulimaza izinyoni.

I-Millet nesinkwa esinsundu nakho kuyingozi kubo, okungaholela ekubonakala kwezinto ezinobuthi emzimbeni kanye nokuvutshelwa okunamandla emathunjini ezinyoni.

Ukuzalanisa iTit

I-Tit iqala ukuzala entwasahlobo. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni ziba nolaka zibhekise kubalingani bazo. Okokuqala, owesilisa nowesifazane bakha isidleke, khona-ke insikazi ibeka futhi ibambe amaqanda.

Ngasikhathi sinye, insikazi ingazalela amaqanda ayishumi noma ngaphezulu anombala omhlophe namabala ansundu. Inqubo yokudonswa kwamaqanda ihlala cishe amasonto amabili. Sonke lesi sikhathi, owesilisa uthola ukudla futhi ondle insikazi.

Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwam amaphuphu, i-tit iyazifudumeza izinsuku eziningana esidlekeni, bese kuthi, kanye neduna, iqale ukuzondla.

Amachwane e-tit adliwa kaningi: izikhathi ezingamashumi ayisithupha ngehora. Amakati akhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila, isisindo sawo siphindwe kabili.

Amakati ahlala esidlekeni cishe amasonto amathathu, bese ewashiya. Izinsuku eziyishumi zokuqala ngemuva kokusuka esidlekeni, owesilisa udlisa amantshontsho. Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi ibamba i-clutch yesibili ngenani elifanayo lamaqanda. Izibalo zesibili zamantshontsho zinabazali bazo izinsuku ezingamashumi ayisihlanu. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokuqala kwekwindla, wonke umndeni uyaduka.

Izinzuzo ze-tits kumuntu

Amathayi awusizo olukhulu kumuntu, ngoba acekela phansi zonke izinambuzane zasengadini (izimbungulu, imikhaza, izinsimbi zomzimba, ama-aphid, amacimbi, amasilika, amabhungane amaqabunga, izimbungulu zegolide).

I-Tit ibhubhisa hhayi kuphela izinambuzane ngokwazo, kodwa futhi nezibungu zazo, amaqanda, i-pupae. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi le nyoni ingabhubhisa inani lezinambuzane ezilingana nesisindo sazo ngosuku.

Impilo ye-tits ezimweni zemvelo imfushane impela. I-Titmouse ayiphili iminyaka emithathu. Iningi lalezi zinyoni zifa ebusika zibulawa yindlala, ngoba kunzima kakhulu kuzo ukuthola ukudla kwazo.

Abantu kufanele bondle ama-tits ebusika, ngoba le nhlobo ibaluleke kakhulu ukuyigcina ngokwemvelo ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo ezingenakuphinda zenziwe amapaki, amahlathi nezivande.

Ingxenye ye-titerodees yama-oda. Umndeni we-titmouse ubandakanya okubhalwe phansi kwe-tit ende nenomsila omude. Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingaphezu kwekhulu ezingezalolu hlobo. Kuliqiniso, ngumndeni onamalunga kuphela we-titmouse othathwa njengowangempela.

Ungazibona lezi zinyoni ezincane ezikhanyayo cishe yonke indawo eNyakatho Yomhlaba Yomhlaba. Ehlobo bona uhlale kude nokuhlala kwabantu , futhi ngamazinga okuqala abuyela eduze kwabondli kanye nokudla okuningi. Ama-tiles weqiniso ahlukaniswa kwezinye izinkampani ezisezingeni eliphezulu ngezimpawu ezijwayelekile zokufakwa kombala nokuziphatha.

Izinyoni ezingazethembi empeleni ziphila impilo yokuhlala phansi. Uhlobo ngalunye luthanda izimo zalo zokuphila. I-Blue Tit ne-Great Tit isidleke emahlathini axubile enkabeni yeRussia. AmaMoscovite athanda ihlathi le-coniferous. Uthando oluhlotshiswe ngemhlanga emibhedeni yemifula.

Ezinye izinhlobo zama-tits azishiyi izidleke zazo. Ukuzivikela ezitheni nasekufuneni ukudla, bona kuhlanganiswe imihlambi emincane nokubethelwa ezinyangeni ezinkulu. Kepha awukwazi ukubabiza ngobungane. Amathayi angabangani inqobo nje lapho edinga ukuvikelwa. Emzabalazweni wokudla, baba nolaka, futhi bangabulala inyoni encane.

Tits izinyoni omnivorous. Ehlobo, zidla izinambuzane, ekwindla, amajikijolo nezithelo ezincane, kanti ebusika, unganqikazi ukujabulela isinqumelo nesinkwa esivela kubadli.

Igama elijwayelekile lomndeni lanikezwa abantu ngenxa yokuculwa kwama-azure aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kobusika ungezwa ama-troll wokuqala wokuzala walezi zinyoni ezinhle. I-"Blue-Blue" iyashanela ngaphansi kwamawindi entwasahlobo. I-Titmouse idonsa inzalo yayo amahlandla ama-2-3 ngonyaka. Ababelethi abanesithembu babopha izinsana ndawonye.

E-Russia phila:

• I-Blue Tit
• EMoscow
• Amagajethi ansundu futhi ampunga
• URemez

Maphakathi neRussia, i-Great Tit ibonakala kakhulu. Lokhu ubuhle obunesisu ophuzi, omkhulu kunawo wonke ama-tits. Ubukhulu bayo bungafinyelela ku-16 cm futhi bunesisindo esingama-g 20. Esithombeni ungabona ukugcwala okugcwele kwale nyoni emangalisayo. Imisila emnyama namaphiko, inhloko emnyama, intamo kanye nesiqa esifubeni. Amabala amhlophe emuva kwekhanda nesihlathi.

I-tit enkulu inyoni ehlekisayo nehambayo . Ushesha ukujwayela abantu. Ngakho-ke, ukuthulula isiphuzo ku-feeder, ungabona ngisho nokuziphatha kwayo kude.

EMoscow

Kuyamangaza ukuthi ukuculwa kwalezi zinyoni kukhethekile. Amandla okugcina la ma-Muscovites ekhaya avumela ukuba athathwe njengabafundisi bezingoma ezincane ze-canary. Oxhumanisa ukucula kwezinyoni bonga kakhulu "tit motifs" ekuculeni izinyoni zaphesheya kwezilwandle.

I-Muscovite noma i-tit tit emnyama iyisidalwa esincane. Inhloko emnyama nesiga, esimhlophe izihlakala, ihembe elikhulu elimnyama ngaphambili esifubeni. Imichilo emaphikweni nophawu lwezinhlobo ezihlukile ngesimo sentethe emhlophe ngemuva kwekhanda. Le tit ithanda amahlathi e-coniffort. Kepha angihlukani nokuhlala ezivandeni nasemapaki ngasendaweni yokuhlala yabantu lapho imizamo yokuzala izingane iphela. Indawo oyithandayo yaseMoscow eziqongweni zezihlahla ezinde ezinokubukeka okuhle. Okuphinde kuqinisekise ilukuluku lala mafriji.

Abantu babiza lezi zinyoni ngokuthi iMosase, okusho uthando lwalezinhlobo lwamadolobha amakhulu nokungabikho ngokuphelele kokusaba abantu.

Izinhlobo eziningana ze-tits zihlanganiswe igama elijwayelekile ngenxa yobungcweti obukhona ekhanda. Kwesinye isikhathi basekhona wabiza ama-grenadiers .

Izinyoni eziphakathi nendawo ezinombala onsundu zivame ukuhlangana emhlambini oxubile. Lezi zinyoni zingaxoshwa ehlathini lazo elizithandayo le-coniferous kuphela ngamafrimu anzima kanye nokuntuleka ngokuphelele kwekhono lokuthola ukudla. Kepha ukufika kokuhlala kwabantu, masinyane kubantu. Uma uhlala uzondla futhi ungazesabi lezi zinyoni ezihlekisayo, ungaziqeqesha ukuba zidle ukudla ngisho nangezandla zakho.

Amagajethi ansundu futhi ampunga

Lezi zingxenye ezimbili zezimpawu zokulahlwa kwezidumbu zitholakala kakhulu endaweni yaseYurophu yaseRussia, eBelarus, e-Ukraine naseCaucasus. Umbala owesilisa nowesifazane okuncane okuhlukile komunye nomunye. Ukuthola ubulili balezi zinhlobo kusuka esithombeni kunzima ngisho nakuchwepheshe.

Lokhu kungazethembisi kunazo zonke izithonjana. Awukho umzuzu ongaba sesimweni esizolile. Igama lanikezwa iGagajethi ngenxa yokucula okukhethekile kwezinyoni. Ngokungafani nabalingani bayo, i-gait encane iqonde ngqo ngokuthi “chiv-ge-ge”, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ibuye iholele kwi-goose “ha-ha”.

I-cap emnyama ekhanda, i-brown-grey back ye-shades ehlukahlukene kanye namaphiko nomsila ofanayo, ibele elinsundu elikhanyayo nocezu olumnyama lwentshebe luhlukanisa amagajethi kwezinye izinhlobo zezitini.

Khumbuza okujwayelekile

Enye yezindawo ezimbalwa zokuhamba ezifudukayo ze-tits, remez indizela ezifundeni ezifudumele ebusika . Ingatholakala eCaucasus, eningizimu yeSiberia, eJapan naseChina.

Indawo oyintandokazi yokwakha izidleke ngasogwini lwemifula namachibi. Uhlela izidleke zakhe emagatsheni angaxumi alenga phezu kwechibi. Inyoni encane enesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-10 ihlela izidleke ezinkulu zosayizi wayo. Ukuphakama kwesidleke se-remez kufinyelela ku-17 cm ukuphakama, futhi ububanzi bungaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-10. Isidleke sivalekile ngenhla futhi sinomnyango oseceleni. URemez uqoqa izinto zokwakha nomaphi lapho angakuthola khona. Kukhona utshani obomile, ne-bird fluff, noboya bezilwane, ngisho nefayibha yefilakisi, i-hemp kanye ne-nettle.

Ngenxa yokuluka okujabulisayo kwesidleke, khumbula phakathi kwabantu kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi uluka . Indlu yezinyoni izifihla ngokucophelela ngosizo lwamachibi ama-willow ne-birch kanye nemichilo emincane yamagxolo e-birch. Isidleke esinodonga oludlula kufika ku-3 cm sikhonza umakhi iminyaka eminingana.

I-Remez yeduna ihluke kowesifazane ngombala okhanyayo wamabele. Ikhanda noqhwaku lwalesi shumi kuhlotshiswe ngemaski emnyama enesimilo, futhi engakhanyi kakhulu kowesifazane kunowesilisa.

Njengezinyoni eziningi, kunzima kuma-titmouse ukuthola ukudla ebusika. Ngenxa yokungalungi kwabo, kunzima ngabo ukukhumbula zonke izintethe zabo ezilungiselelwe ihlobo. Izithwathwa ezinamandla zixosha izinyoni ehlathini eduze nendawo yokuhlala kwabantu.

Ukubutha isitshalo sejikijolo kusuka ezihlahleni ekwindla, ungashiya ingxenye encane ukondla kubangani abanamahloni. Kulula ukwenza futhi okondlayo ngezingoma ezincane. Ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni, ama-toni awesabi izinto zokubhukuda. Yakha i-feeder kungenzeka kusuka kwiphakethe lebisi elijwayelekile ngokusika umgodi wokungena ohlangothini. Ama-feeder anjalo kulula ukulengiswa emagatsheni ezihlahla ezingadini nasemapaki.

Amathayi awesabekayo ngakho-ke akunzima ukufafaza ukudla nawo. Zilungele bona:

• Imbewu yelanga
• Noma iyiphi iphalishi ephekiwe (i-buckwheat, ilayisi, amabele)
• Dala unyaluthi
• Imvuthuluka yesinkwa
• Izicucu ze-bacon ezingafakwanga nenyama
• Ubisi oluqandisiwe

I-feeder ebekwe efasiteleni izonikeza ithuba lokubheka ukusebenza kwalezi zinyoni ezihehayo.

Ukuziphatha, ukondleka, kanye nenombolo ye-tits

Imvamisa, ama-tits ahlala emaphaketheni, egqekeza ngababili ngesikhathi sokudalwa. Lezi zinyoni zingabaculi abakhulu abakhiqiza umsindo ohlukahlukene futhi ohlukahlukene wokuhlukahluka. Abesilisa bahlabelela kangcono kakhulu kunabesifazane futhi bakwenza cishe unyaka wonke. Izingoma ze-tits zikhala isikhathi esifushane ekwindla sekwedlule - ebusika bokuqala. Ngaphezu kwalesi sikhathi, ama-tits anama-peppy trill kanye ne-twitter ejabulisayo ijabulisa izindlebe zombili izakhamuzi zasemadolobheni nezasemaphandleni zezwe lethu.

Lalela izwi le-tit enkulu

Ngenkathi efudumele, ama-tits adla ikakhulukazi izinambuzane. Ezinjengama-midges, izimpukane, omiyane, izicabucabu, amacimbi, amakhethini. Ngakho-ke, i-tit enkulu ibhubhisa izigidi zezinambuzane zamahlathi nomhlaba wezolimo futhi zilethe izinzuzo ezinhle ezilwaneni zasendle nakubantu. Ama-Chick feed aqukethe abameleli abanempilo kakhulu bezinambuzane zomhlaba - amacimbi.

Indiza emangalisa yama-tits.

Ngokuqala kobusika obubandayo, ama-tits aguqula ukutshala ukudla. Bondla ikakhulu ngembewu nezinhlamvu. Lezi zinyoni azenzi amasheya ebusika futhi uma zithola ukudla kufihlwe ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni, zikudla ngentokozo. Ungazideleli i-tits ne-carrion.

Le nhlobo ithanda ukudla emiqhele yemithi nangamabhishi, yehla ngokunqenqema emhlabathini.

Inani labantu, ngokusho kwesayensi, liyizinyoni ezingama-300 ezigidi. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi i-tit enkulu ayiyona inhlobo esongelwa yinoma yini. Emvelweni, izinyoni zalolu hlobo zanele ukugcina inani eliphakeme labantu.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Izikhathi zobusuku zingahluka ngokuya ngendawo lapho kuhlala khona lezi nyoni. Imvamisa, izidleke zigcina kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya kuSeptemba. Lolu hlobo lwenza ukubumbeka kabili ngalesi sikhathi. Ubumbano bokuqala, obukhulu kakhulu benzeka ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ngoMeyi, owesibili - ngoJuni. Ngenkathi yokuzalelwa kwezinyoni, izinyoni ziziphatha kabi ngabalingani bazo futhi zivame ukuhlela ukulwa. Kuma-tits, lo mbhangqwana uphikelela iminyaka eminingana. Zigada ngokucophelela isidleke sazo, zingavumeli abantu bangaphandle basithole.

Imvamisa, insikazi iyakha isidleke, ihlele emifantwini yamatshe, emigodini yezihlahla, emifuzisweni yemvelo noma yokufakelwa etholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-3-5.

Ngaphakathi endaweni yokuphumula, insikazi yenza ugqoko omncane, ongu-5-6 cm.Ukujula kwalo kungaba ngu-4-5 cm.Itiyela lifakwe emaceleni amancanyana, amaqabunga, ama-moss, ama-cobwebs, phansi nezinwele zezilwane. Ku-clutch wokuqala omkhulu kunabo bonke, kukhona amaqanda asukela kwayi-6 kuye kwayi-12. I-clutch yesibili, imvamisa amaqanda ama-2. Isikhathi sokufuduka sithatha izinsuku eziyi-12-16. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa uthola ukudla futhi ondle i-clutch yowesifazane efukelayo.

Amathayi avumelana nezimo kalula kubantu.

Amachwane azalwe kweshumi emuva nasekhanda ambozwe nge-grey fluff futhi abe noqhwaku lomlomo we-orange. Izinsuku ezingaba ngu-16-22, abazali banakekela inzalo, bayilethele ukudla. Ngemuva kwalokho amachwane athole ikhono lokundiza, yize isikhathi esithile ancike kubazali bawo. Izilwane ezincane zizama ukuhlala eduze kwesidleke ukuze zinxenxa ukudla ngezikhathi ezithile. Ekwindla, izinyoni ezincane ziqala ukuduka ziye emhlambini.

Isilinganiso sokuphila esikhulu se-tits, esaziwa ngochwepheshe, yiminyaka engu-15.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-titmouse?

Njengoba i-tit enkulu ingummeleli ojwayelekile kakhulu walezinhlobo zezinyoni, ukujwayelana okwengeziwe ngalezi zinyoni kufanele kuqhubeke esibonelweni saso. I-tit enkulu ihlukaniswa yikhanda elimnyama nentamo, izihlathi ezimhlophe, ezihlabayo. Ingaphezulu lalezi zinyoni line-hue yomnqumo, futhi phansi liphuzi. Ngokuyinhloko, umbala wezinsiwo walezi zidalwa uyahluka ngandlela-thile kuye ngobhaliso lwabo abaningi.

Ngabe kudlani i-titmouse?

Ehlobo, lezi zinyoni zidla izinambuzane. Ebusika, imenyu yabo inesibanzi esibanzi: ngokwesibonelo, i-tit enkulu iyakuthokozela ukujabulela amalulwane asezikhanyisile, kancane kancane azikhwebule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebusika, ama-tits atshintshela ukutshala ukudla, ukudla ama-rowan namanye amajikijolo, kanye nokudlela imbewu kusuka kuma-feeders.

Indlela yokuphila ye-Tit

Lapho intwasahlobo imemezela amalungelo ayo, khona-ke emahlathini, emapaki, ezingadini nasezivandeni zasekhishini ungakuzwa ukukhala kwezitini. Le misindo yenziwa ngabesilisa. Iqiniso ngukuthi intwasahlobo yisikhathi sabajwayele kanye nokuhlelwa kwamakhaya abo. Abesifazane kuphela ababandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwezidleke. Kuyamangaza ukuthi ama-tits amakhulu awahluphi nakancane nokukhetha indawo ende esidlekeni. Njengezinkanyezi, lezi zinyoni zingahlela amakhaya azo ngamapayipi ensimbi, nasemadwaleni aqhekekile, nasezindongeni zezindlu ezilahliwe. Amathayi athanda ukuhlala ezindlini zezinyoni ezilahliwe.

Benza umucu wabo ezidlekeni ngezinsika zika-moss noboya. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, kuzalwa amaphuphu afinyelela kwali-10. Ama-tiles amancane ashiya ikhaya labazali bawo ezinsukwini ezingama-20 emva kokuzalwa kwawo. Isikhathi esithile, abazali babo babalandela ngokwabo, bese bebathumela bebodwa. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, iningi lama-tits ayizinyoni ezingahambi. Kodwa-ke, lapho zifuna ukudla ebusika, ziqoqana ngemihlambi futhi zindiza ziye ezindaweni ngezindawo. I-tits enkulu ilger lapho okuphakelayo okuningi kukhona.

I-tit inyoni ewusizo!

Lezi zidalwa ezinemibala zinenzuzo engabalulekanga kumapaki, emahlathini nasezingadini. Ngosuku badla inani lezinambuzane ezilingana nesisindo sabo. Kungakho abantu ebusika kudingeka bondle lezi zinyoni. Amathayi ayizinyoni ezinobungane, ahambela ngokuzithandela emikhombeni yokudla, edla imbewu yojongilanga, isaladi engafakwanga, ukhilimu wobisi.

Ngizithanda kakhulu i-tits, ziyizinyoni ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezihlekisayo engizibonile empilweni yami izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuphendula lo mbuzo kuzoba lula kimi.

Ukuvela kwe-titmouse

Ukukhuluma iqiniso, ama-tiles ami abukeka njengopholi omncane, konke ngoba zombili lezi zinyoni zinepende yempi ekhanyayo. Futhi babukeka njengondlunkulu besimo somzimba wabo. Nayi hybrid enjalo iqoqwe ekhanda lami. Ubude bomzimba wabantu abadala bungafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-18. Isisindo esikhulu ngama-25 amagremu. Ngokuvamile, lezi yizinyoni ezincane. Izimpiko ze-tits zingafinyelela amasentimitha angama-26. Amapayipi akhanya, futhi umsila mude. Kulula ukwahlukanisa izinsikazi nabesilisa. Lezi zangaphambilini zazinethambo elimnyama eline-tint yensimbi emakhanda abo, kanti amantombazane anomthunzi omnyama onsundu. Isisu sezithoni siphuzi. Yebo, ingemuva lalezi zinyoni lingaba ophuzi-luhlaza okotshani noma mpunga. Izimpiko nomsila oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zinombala ogqamile. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amathathu zalezi zinyoni emhlabeni wethu.

Nawa amaqiniso ambalwa afuna ukwazi nge-tit:

• Lezi zinyoni ezincane zingatholakali eRussia kuphela, kepha eNyakatho Afrika, eCyprus, eCorsica, njll.
• Ziyizinyoni ezikhohliseka kalula, futhi zingathanjiswa.
• Ngenkathi indiza, akuvamile ukuba icoshe amaphiko ayo.
• Ama-Tits anezindlela ezimbili zokukhetha ubusika: kungaba ukundiza aye eningizimu noma athuthele emadolobheni (kulula ukuthola izindawo ezifudumele lapho ungafudumeza khona).
• Ngeke zikondliwe ngesinkwa esinsundu; kuyingozi ngazo.

Emvelweni wemvelo, ama-tits adla izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene nezibungu zazo. Bangadla ngisho nezimbungulu kanye nama-aphid. Futhi kwimenyu yabo kukhona amaphuphu. Lapho kufika isikhathi sokubanda, khona-ke lezi zinyoni ziya ekudleni kwemifino. Bayakujabulela ukudla imbewu yezitshalo (i-spruce, birch, omuncu, njll). Kepha ama-titmife awazenzi izinto zawo zobusika, kodwa angakhipha kalula imigqomo yabanye abantu. Amathayi ayizinyoni ezinyantisa igazi futhi ahlala ethembekile kumlingani wawo. Imibhangqwana enothando, njengomthetho, yenza izidleke zayo emgodini wezihlahla. Bangakwazi futhi ukuhlala emifantwini yamatshe.

Kwakha iYurophu, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, Enyakatho nePhakathi ye-Asia, nakwezinye izindawo zaseNyakatho Afrika. Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani i-titmouse yabizwa ngokuthi i-titmouse? Ingabe lezi zidalwa ezinemibala zazike ziluhlaza okotshani? Ubani leli gama lenyoni edwetshwe ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani nokumpunga? Ake sizame ukuthola.

Ngubani le nyoni enesikhumba esikhulu?

Ngombono wesayensi, i-titmouse (isithombe se-titmouse yethulwa esihlokweni) imele ukulandelana kwezinyoni ezidlulayo ezingamalungu omndeni wegama elifanayo. I-tit edume kunazo zonke yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke. Ingatholakala ezingadini nasemapaki ase-Europe, e-Central naseNyakatho ye-Asia, eMiddle East ngisho nasenyakatho ne-Afrika.

Kudlani ama-tits?

Lezi ziyizinyoni ezihambahamba nezisindayo. Ehlobo, zondla kuphela ukudla kwezilwane, kanti ebusika ziyaguquka zitshala izitshalo zokudla. Lapho bafuna ukudla abakuthandayo - izinambuzane - bagibela kanye emagatsheni, bagibelise kuko konke ukuqhekeka nezimbobo lapho.

I-titmouse, isithombe osibona manje, iyinyoni engahambeki. Ngamanye amazwi, ngenkathi ebandayo, akayishiyi indawo akubo, ebusika ehambisana nendoda. Ukucinga ukudla ngalesi sikhathi, imihlambi yonke yezinyoni eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka indiza isuka endaweni ethile iye kwenye. Lapho kunokudla okuningi okudingekayo, bahlala isikhathi eside.

I-tit inyoni ewusizo!

Ngaphambi kokuba sifunde ukuthi kungani i-titmouse yabizwa ngokuthi i-titmouse, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele inzuzo enhle iletha. Amathayi - laba bangabasizi bangempela balimi. Iqiniso ngukuthi babhubhisa izinambuzane eziyingozi ezidala umonakalo ongenakulungiswa kumapaki nasezingadini.

Isibonelo, ngosuku, i-tit enkulu idla inani elilinganayo lezinambuzane ezilingene ngesisindo salo. Kungakho-ke kuyisiko ukubiza lezi zinyoni ezilungiseni zazo ezingadini. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokudla. Ngakho-ke ungagcina engadini yakho ngaphezu kwesizukulwane esisodwa salezi zinyoni ezihlekisayo.

Kungani i-titmouse yabizwa ngokuthi i-titmouse?

Ukubheka nje okukodwa kulezi zidalwa ezinamaphiko kwanele ukuqonda ukuthi azikhohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha ziphuzi ngokuhlaza okotshani obunemibala emnyama. Kunezinguqulo eziningi zemvelaphi yegama labo, futhi cishe zonke zivela kubantu.

Isibonelo, kukholelwa kabanzi ukuthi igama elinjalo lanikezwa lezi zinyoni ngumuntu ohlangabezana nobumpumputhe bemibala. Ezinye izinhlobo zivame ukuhlekisa: inyama yale nyoni kuthiwa ivela lapha negama layo.

Awekho amahlaya, kepha namanje alukho uhlobo olulodwa lokuthi kungani bebiza i-titmouse! Njengamanje, kunezincazelo ezimbili ezithandekayo futhi ezamukelekayo ngokuvamile. Enye yazo ingahle ibe yiqiniso.

1. Uhlobo lokuqala luthi ukucula kwalezi zinyoni kufana kakhulu namagama amabili abantu - "zin-zin". Kukholelwa ukuthi ekuqaleni, ngesisekelo sokuvumelana kwalezi zinyoni, baqala ukubiza ama-znitsy, futhi ngemuva kwalokho - titmouse. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nalapha umuntu angaphikisana, ngoba abantu abehlukene bezwa okuhlukile ekuculeni kwalezi zinyoni. Isibonelo, eYurophu, kukholelwa ukuthi ama-tits awasho ukuthi "zin-zin", kodwa "pin-pin-tararah". Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-Ukraine, akezwa kule "value-for-price-tarara."
2. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesibili, igama elithi "titmouse" lisahlotshaniswa nombala walesi sidalwa. Izazi zezilimi, kanye nezazi-mlando, zikholelwa ukuthi ngolimi oludala lwaseRussia igama elithi "luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" lasho umthunzi wombala ohlukile kunamanje. Iqiniso ukuthi umqondo wokuthi "luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" ngaleso sikhathi wawubanzi kakhulu kunamanje. E-Russia, imnyama yayinombala ogqamile yayibhekwa njengeluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuthiwe okwe-cap nje kuphela enomthunzi othize.

I-titmouse emnandi kakhulu

Akunakwenzeka ukuthi uthule ngaye. Inyoni ehlekisayo kunazo zonke yomndeni wakwaSinitsev (isithombe 3), noma i-grenadier. Lesi isimbo sengoma esincane esihlala cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Izindawo zakhe azithandayo ziyizindawo eziphakathi nendawo nezisenyakatho ezinamahlathi ahlanganayo ahlanganisiwe. Wathola igama lakhe ngesizathu. Umqhele wayo ohlukile we-conical ohlukanisa ikhanda elincane ufana nezigqoko zamasosha elite elite ezikhulu zamakhulu we-XVII-XVIII - ama-grenadiers.

Ngabe lesi simangaliso sikala malini?

I-Tufted Titmouse (isithombe 4) iyisidalwa esincane, kodwa esithandekayo futhi esimnandi. Ngobukhulu bayo, i-grenadier iphawuleka ngokungaphansi kune-tit enkulu eyaziwayo. Ubude bomzimba wenyoni etshaliwe abudluli ku-13 cm, kanti amaphiko angamasentimitha angama-20. Lesi simangaliso sinesisindo esingaphezu kwama-12 g. Isigaxa esimnyama nomhlophe esiphakamiswe ekhanda siyisici esihlukanisayo salezi zinyoni.

Ngabe idlani le-titmouse eliqanjiwe?

I-titmouse yenyoni, njengabafowabo, i-carnivorous. Ukudla kwayo okuyinhloko entwasahlobo nasehlobo kuncane (ama-crustaceans, ama-mollusks, izinambuzane) nezibungu zazo. Izinyoni ezihlanganisiwe zithanda ukudlela kuma-mabhungane amaqabunga nemichilo, kanye nezimvemvane kanye nezicabucabu. Ngokuthanda badla izimpukane nomiyane, iminyovu nezinyosi, izinyoka, izinyamazane, izintuthwane.

Esikhathini sekwindla-ebusika, ama-tits aqhamukele kokudla kwesitshalo samadlelo. Zidla ngembewu yefir, uphayini, i-alder, i-birch ne-spruce, futhi zidla nomlotha osezintabeni, i-hawthorn ne-dogwood. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izinambuzane zingakaqedi, i- "Khokhlushka" idla ama-antense e-aspen futhi iphuze i-birch nejusi le-maple.

Isici esibonakalayo se-tit yizinkulungwane zayo ezinhle kakhulu. Ikhanda, umphimbo nesifuba sale nyoni kumnyama, amaphiko aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ingemuva ine-tint yomnqumo, kanti nesisu siphuzi. Abesilisa nabesifazane bangahlukaniswa imivimbo esiswini: kuyanda owesilisa, kuthi kwabesilisa kunciphe, lokhu kubonakala ngokucacile esithombeni.

Ebusika, ama-toni awashiyi indawo ahlala kuyo, kodwa ahamba kuphela eduze nendawo yokuhlala komuntu.

Ungayibona kanjani i-tit

Ubukhulu obujwayelekile be-tit enkulu bufika ngamasentimitha ayi-15. Inyoni inesisindo esingu-20 amagremu. Ukwazi ukwelula amaphiko akhe ngesilinganiso samasentimitha angama-23. I-tit enkulu yinhle kakhulu. Esibelethweni sakhe kukhona imicu emnyama, enjenge-tie, ehlukanisa isisu sibe yizingxenye ezimbili zombala wolamula. Umhlane ucwebezela ngombala we-olive, kanti amaphiko nomsila grey. Isambatho semvelo sigcwalisa i-beret emnyama emqheleni, ohambelana kahle nezihlathi ezimhlophe zenyoni.

Abesilisa bahlukile kwabesifazane engutsheni ekhanyayo. Ama-Tits anekhanda elikhulu elinomlomo oqondile nomsila omude. I-plumage ithambile futhi imnandi ekuthintweni. Le nyoni inemilenze eqinile enezinqe eziyishumi, ezaziyindilinga.

Kungani abantu abaningi beyazi le nzu

Isishumi akuyona inyoni efudukayo. Kodwa-ke, usondela kubantu lapho engenalutho lokudla. Lapho nje ilanga liqala ukufudumala ngenyanga kaFebhuwari, ukucula kwendodana inyoni kuqhamuka emgwaqweni. Umsindo okhanyayo, ukhumbuza abahlali bamadolobha ngentwasahlobo esondela. Uma ubuka inyoni ihamba emoyeni, umuntu angavuma kuphela ukuthi isebenza kahle kangakanani ngomzimba wayo. I-mapppan ikuvumela ukuthi ubazulise izikhathi ezimbalwa ukuze ukhuphukele phezulu, bese iwela phansi ngetshe, ngenkathi ichitha amandla amancane.

Isabelo sezinyoni

Izibiliboco ezithandekayo zenyoni izinambuzane zezinhlobo ezahlukene. Uthanda izimbungulu, izibungu futhi akazideleli izimpukane. Le nyoni ihlala ifuna ukudla. Abantu baphakela izinyoni izingcezu zamafutha, bezibeka efasiteleni lefulethi. I-titmouse iletha inzuzo yayo ngokubhujiswa kwezinambuzane eziyingozi.

Ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni, i-titmouse ayenzi amasheya ebusika, ahlupheka ngayo ebusika, nokho, inyoni iyathanda ukujabulela amasheya abanye.

Konke kuqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho izinyoni zakha ngababili. Ngemuva, ukuhlelwa kwesidleke kuyaqala. Ezinganeni zabo, bakhetha imbobo esihlahleni ukuphakama okufika kumamitha ayi-5. Isidleke simbozwe izimpaphe, izinwele zezilwane kanye ne-moss. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni, insikazi inesikhathi esibi sokubanjwa. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda kabili, i-brood eyodwa ingafinyelela amaqanda ayi-12.

Amaqanda e-titmouse amhlophe ezindaweni ezibomvu noma ezinsundu. Ngenkathi insikazi ibandakanyeka ekuqatheni amantshontsho (inkathi ihlala cishe amasonto amabili), inhloko yomndeni imnikeza ukudla. Ngasikhathi sinye, imibhangqwana ihlukanisa ngokungalingani insimu yayo ukuhlinzeka ngokudla okuhle kwabokuzala. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinyoni zingaba nolaka futhi zilwele ukudla ngisho nezihlobo zazo. Indawo yokusesha ukudla ihlala ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-50.

Ngemuva kwamachaphaza, izinsuku ezintathu zokuqala, le nyoni inikeza izingane ukufudumala kwayo njengonina ezinganeni. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa ungowokuthengwa kokudla, bobabili ngentombi yakhe namachwane avele. Okuphakelayo kwamachwane kuqukethe amacimbi angabi ngaphezu kwesentimitha elilodwa ngosayizi. Inkukhu eyodwa phakathi nosuku idla izinambuzane ezinesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-7. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu, insikazi ijoyina owesilisa, futhi zikhulisa amazinyane ezinye izinsuku ezingama-20.

Ngemuva kokuba izingane zihambile okokuqala esidlekeni, kuqala izifundo zezindiza. Uma inkukhu ifundile ukundiza (kuthatha cishe isonto), abazali bangaqhubeka nokulandela izingane zabo nokudla. Izibalo zesibili zizoba zincane kunokuqala. Ngemuva kokuba izinyoni sezikhulile, zithuthela imihlambi yazo. Izinyoni zihlukaniswe ngenani labantu abangama-40-50. Imvamisa emhlambini ungabona abameleli bezinye izinhlobo, ngokwesibonelo, ukubekelwa phansi komhlaba.

Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-10, amaphuphu aphenduka abe ngabantu abavuthiwe ngokocansi.

Ukufuya izinyoni ezithunjiwe

I-Tit ekudingisweni ikhule ngenxa yokuculwa okuhle. Inyoni kulula ukuyondla, ngakho-ke okuqukethwe kwayo kunezinzuzo zako. Ukucula kwezinyoni entwasahlobo muhle kakhulu, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi owesilisa umema insikazi. Ama-tits afundiswa ukucula ama-canaries, ogama lakhe likhulu kakhulu. Uma inyoni inakekelwa kahle, khona-ke i-tit ijwayela ukudingiswa.

I-Tit imvelo yokufuna ukwazi futhi ethandekayo. Futhi isimo sakhe sokuxhela singalimaza izinyoni ezincane. Inyoni ingachoboza ngisho nenyoni encane uma ikheyini eyodwa. Ukuvimbela amahloni anjalo, i-titmouse kufanele ixazululwe ngezinyoni ezinkulu, isibonelo, iblackbird, nuthatch, noma i-Woodpecker.

I-tit enkulu ekudingisweni ingondliwa ngokudla okuthambile. Isibonelo, ungagabha izaqathi, ukuqeda lapho ushizi we-cottage shizi kanye nama-crackers afakwe emanzini. Ungaphakela nenyama eyosiwe noma inhlanzi eyosiwe, iqanda lezinkukhu elihlanganisiwe. Izinambuzane ezomile namaqanda ezintuthwane ayengezwa kokuphakelayo. Ukwelapha okweshumi yizikelemu zikafulawa, ezinikezwa njalo isonto ngalinye. I-Hemp, imbewu kajongilanga kanye namantongomane wepine nakho kungafakwa ekudleni kwenyoni. Ukudla okuhlanganisiwe okusanhlamvu kungahle kube nembewu yemisedari, imbewu yelanga, ama-walnuts, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, yonke into isikwa kahle futhi inikezwe endebeni ehlukile.

Le nyoni ithanda kakhulu amanzi, kepha ayisebenzisi nje kuphela ukuphuza, kodwa futhi nokubhukuda. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela izitsha ezimbili, enye enamanzi okuphuza, eyesibili ukubhukuda. Isitsha se "izinqubo zamanzi" akufanele sibe sijulile futhi sibe sincane.

Ukuze inyoni izale ngaphandle kwasendle, kubalulekile ukubanikeza ikamelo elihlukile.

1. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba leSintsa liyahlukahluka kuye ngesikhathi sosuku, phakathi nosuku sifinyelela kuma-degree angama-42, kusihlwa lingaya ku-39.
2. Izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lingasukela ku-500 liye ku-1000 ukushaya ngomzuzwana kuya ngokuthokozela.
3. Inyoni ingadla izinambuzane ngaphezu kwesisindo sayo. Lapho bondla amaphuphu abo, badla kuze kube ngu-1800 izinambuzane nsuku zonke.
4. I-titmouse isebenza kakhulu futhi inelukuluku lokuthi ingondliwa ngesandla.
5. Uqhwaku lwetshumi lungakhula lubuyele njengoba lukhala. Yize kunjalo, kungomlomo wayo ukuthi inyoni ikwazi ukudonsa imbobo, ichithe amantongomane futhi ithole lesi sinambuzane esifanele ngaphansi kwamagxolo.

Izici nesimo sendawo yama-tits

Abaningi abazi ukuthutha inyoni tit noma cha . Kepha lesi yisakhamuzi saphakade semizi yethu.

Kulesikhathi sokulamba okukhulu nje ebusika obandayo lapho imihlambi ihamba iya ezindaweni ezithandeka kakhulu ukuze usinde.

Ngokushesha lapho kuvela imisebe yokuqala yelanga, emuva ngoFebhuwari, futhi inyoni yethempeli iqala ukujabulisa abantu nge-twitter yabo.

Ingoma ye-Tit kukhala futhi kufana nezinsimbi ezihlangene. I-“Qi-qi-pi, ying-chi-ying-chi” - futhi ivezwa, “pin-pin-hrrrzh” yazisa izakhamizi zamadolobha ngokuza kwentwasahlobo okusondele.

Basho ngethmouse, ngathi ngesithunywa selanga sentwasahlobo. Esikhathini esifudumele, iculo liba kancane futhi liyinkimbinkimbi: "Zin-zi-ver, zin-zin".

Lenhlobo ihlala ihamba nomuntu, i-titmouse ihlala emahlathini nasemapaki amadolobha amakhulu.

Kuyajabulisa ukubona ukuthi isebenza kanjani. titmouse esibhakabhakeni . Indiza yakhe isayensi yokuthi ungandiza kanjani ngokushesha futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo wonge amandla, umane nje aqhakambisa ubungcweti bakhe.

Ukushayeka okungatheni kwamaphiko amahlandla ambalwa - kwandizela esibhakabhakeni, bese kuba sengathi kudonsela phansi, kuchaza ukubumbana komoya ophansi ngokomoya. Kubukeka sengathi indiza enjalo ayikwazi ukulawulwa, kepha futhi bayakwazi ukuqondisa ukuhamba ngaphansi kwangaphansi.

Ukudla kwe-Tit

Ebusika, i-tit enkulu isivakashi esivamile sokuphakela emikhombeni. Udla okusanhlamvu, atshale imbewu ngobumnandi.

Ehlobo, ukhetha ukudla izinambuzane kanye nezicabucabu, azifunayo ngeziqu zezihlahla noma emagatsheni ezihlahla.

Uma ubekezela, khona-ke ebusika, ngemuva kwesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, i-titmouse izofunda ukuthatha ukudla entendeni yakho evulekile.

I-tit elahliwe ibizwa ngokuthi i-grenadier yeplamu ekhanda efana nesihloko sezinhloko ze-grenadiers

Abesilisa besigaxa esinezimbali ezinemibala emnyama banezinsiba ezimnyama emehlweni abo, okuyinyoni igama lawo ezaqanjwa ngayo

Swamp tit noma ukukhukhumala

Ngokungafani nabanye babafowethu, i-tit enkulu ayenzi ukubekelela ubusika, kepha idla ukudla okugcotshwe ngezinye izinhlobo zobumnandi.

Lolu hlobo lwe-tits londla amachwane ngosizo lwamacimbi okuthi ubude bawo bomzimba bungadluli isentimitha elilodwa.

Esithombeni, okuphakelayo kwe-tits

I-Titmouse efile

Esikhathini sokudlekwa kwemvelo kutholakala emahlathini amadala kanye aphakathi nendawo namahlathi ophayini, lapho kunezihlahla eziyize. NgoMashi kube nokuhlukana kube ngababili, ngaleso sikhathi abesilisa bacula, behlala endaweni ethile esiqongweni se-spruce noma sikaphayini. Ingoma iyi-trill emfushane yokuzwakala. " tsi-trr, tsi-tr-ri. ". Izilokotho zitholakala ngaphansi komhlabathi emigodini emidala yamapulangwe amancane ahlanganisiwe, emigodini yonyaka ophelile wama-brown gaiters, emizweni yemvelo yeziqu zemithi, uma umgodi wokufaka ungadluli ngo-30 mm ububanzi, izinyoni ezingavamisile zisebenzisa izidleke zakudala zama-squirrel noma izidleke zangaphambili, zizinza endaweni yazo ingxenye engezansi phakathi kwamagatsha eyomile namagatsha. Isisekelo sesidleke sakhiwe kusuka ku-moss exutshwe ne-lichen, ingaphakathi kanye ne-tray kufakwe uboya, okunyathelwa yizinyoni bese kuphenduka isisindo esinjengokuzizwa. Kunezinduku ezimbili zesizini: eyokuqala (ehlanganisa amaqanda ama-5-9) - engxenyeni yesibili ka-Ephreli, eyesibili (kusuka emaqanda ama-4-6) - ngoJuni. Amaqanda amhlophe anezindawo ezibomvana ngokubomvu enza i-corolla ezungeze umkhawulo. Owesifazane kuphela ofaka izinsuku eziyi-13-16, owesilisa ngalesi sikhathi umatasatasa wazifunela ukudla yena kanye naye. Ukondla amachwane esidlekeni futhi impilo yawo eyengeziwe iyaqhubeka ngendlela efanayo nakwezinye izithonjana. Lapho befuna ukudla, ama-grenadiers ahlola amagatsha abelwe, amagxolo aqhekekile, amachashazi ahlanganisiwe, ngokuvamile alengiswa emagatsheni abheke phansi, afuna inyamazane, abona okuthile okusolisayo, ame emoyeni, asheshe aphephe ngamaphiko, futhi endizeni zama ukugoqa isisulu saso. Ebusika, ama-grenadiers angabonakala eqhweni, lapho aqoqa khona imbewu ewile bese eshaywa ngamagatsha ezihlahla zangaphakathi. Ehlobo, ama-tits aqanjiwe adla kuphela i-lepidoptera (ikakhulukazi amacimbi), amabhungane (phakathi kwawo ama-weevils kanye namaqabunga amabhungane), ama-wolid alinganayo (ikakhulukazi ama-aphid nezinambuzane zezikali) nezicabucabu, izimpukane ezingavamisile, i-hymenoptera nezinye izinambuzane zitholakala ekudleni. Ekwindla nasebusika, kanye nama-invertebrates, imbewu ye-spruce, ephayini kanye nezinye izingqungqulu zezithelo zidliwa ngobuningi. Njengama-Muscovites, ama-tits aqothulwe ehlobo nasekwindla yokugcina ukudla (izinambuzane kanye nezicabucabu, kanye nembewu) ngekusasa, akufihla emjondolo nasemifantwini yamahlumela naphakathi kwezinaliti. Ukubhubhisa izinambuzane ezihlangene, ama-tits aqanjiwe kuletha izinzuzo ezinkulu emahlathini.

Ebusika, ezweni lethu, uvame ukubona izinyoni ezincane zinephunga elihle kakhulu. Kukhulunywa ngobani? Vele, mayelana ne-titmouse. Lawa abamele i-Passeriformes oda lezivakashi ezijwayelekile zokuphaka imikhombe. Amathayi ayingxenye yomndeni we-titmouse, emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaba yikhulu. Okudume kakhulu futhi kufundwe kahle kakhulu yiGreat Tit, Indian Titmouse, Grey Tit ne-Eastern Tit.

Yiziphi izimpawu zangaphandle ongabona ngazo isishumi esincane

Ubude bomzimba wezinyoni cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-10 - 16, inyoni eyodwa inesisindo esingu-8 - 20 amagremu. Izimpiko zalezi amaflaya amancane zimfushane futhi zinesimo esiyindilinga. I-plumage inesakhiwo esibushelelezi, kwesinye isikhathi kuba nama-tits, lapho ikhanda lihlotshiswe nge-funny crest. Amawashi mancane, kepha kunalokho anamandla.

Umbala wezimpaphe wehluke kakhulu, uhlobo ngalunye lomuntu ngamunye luphawulwa ngemibala yalo ethile yezinsikazi, noma kunjalo, singazibiza ngamagama imibala etholakala kakhulu kumbala walezi zinyoni: mhlophe, nsundu, mpunga, mphuzi, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, mnyama nezinye.

Izindawo zemvelo, indlela yokuphila kanye nokuziphatha kwama-tits

Izindawo zemvelo ezithandwayo zezithonjana yihlathi-tundra, amahlathi e-tugai, ihlathi nezindawo zezintaba, lapho zitholakala khona ukuphakama kwamamitha ayi-2 kuye kwangama-3.

Indlela yokuphila ye-titmouse ihlala kakhulu, yize ezinye izinhlobo zizulazula ngezikhathi ezithile.

Ama-mustachioed tits (Panurus biarmicus): owesilisa uhlala ephansi, lowesifazane uphakeme

Lezi zinyoni ezincane ziphila impilo ekhuthele kakhulu. Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, bakhetha ukuhlala futhi bazingele bodwa, kepha ebusika babutha imihlambi emincane (abantu abayishumi kuya kwabali-15 umuntu ngamunye). Izinyoni ziyaxhumana nge-tweet "enzima" efana ngokuphelele nemisindo "eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", kusukela lapho babe negama labo - "tits."

Ukudla kwe-Blue Tit

Kuya ngesizini, ukudla kwalezi zinyoni kuhlala kwenziwa kabusha: ehlobo nasezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo, ama-titmouse adla izinambuzane (amacimbi, amabhungane, izimpukane) nezicabucabu, eduze kokuwa, ukudla okuyinhloko kwazo yimbewu evuthiwe namajikijolo ezihlahla zezithelo. Abameli abaningi balezi zinyoni bazilungiselela amasheya ebusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kuqala ubusika, ama-tits, ehamba eyofuna ukudla, aqoqe imbewu yama-cones awadle. Kunezimo ezivame ukwenzeka lapho lezi zinyoni, uma sezizame ukudla emkhombeni wokudla, ziba izivakashi ezijwayelekile zalokhu kusungulwa kwabantu. Nsuku zonke zindiza zibheke - kukhona ingxenye entsha yembewu enambitha ebalindele lapho?

Ukuzala

Isikhathi sokuzalela kwama-bluebirds kwenzeka izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngonyaka. Ukusuka ngoFebhuwari - Mashi, ezindaweni lapho kuhlala khona lezi zinyoni, kuzwakala amazwi okuzwisa umfutho ngokufuthwa. Imvamisa, umbhangqwana wenziwa futhi wabanjwa iminyaka eminingana, ngoba i-tits ziyizinyoni ezinqunu. Omata bahlela izidleke zabo zokuzalela izingane ezindaweni ezisithekile ezifihliwe ngamehlo enyama.

Imvamisa, i-titmouse eyodwa yesifazane ibekela amaqanda amathathu kuya kwayisishiyagalombili. Ufaka amachwane cishe amasonto amabili (izinsuku eziyi-11 kuye kwezingu-14). Lapho kuzalwa izingane, umama okhathalelayo ngezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila kwabo akasishiyi isidleke nhlobo. I-brood encane okokuqala ngemuva kokusuka esidlekeni ibambe ndawonye. Amachwane wamathumbu akhula ngokugcwele ngenyanga yesishiyagalolunye kuya kwyishumi ubudala.

Endle, laba abamele i-oda le-Passeriformes abaphili iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu.