Le nyoni eqhoshayo nenesibindi iba uphawu kubantu bezifundazwe eziningi. Izithombe zokhozi zingabonakala ezingalweni nasemabhanela.

Ukhozi luyinyoni edla inyama yomndeni wama-hawk, inyoni enkulu kunazo zonke evela ngokulandelana kwezinyoni.

I-Wingspan ukhozi ngaphakathi kwamamitha ayi-2-2,5. Ngesikhathi endiza uyakhula isivinini 150-200 km. ngehora, nangesikhathi sokuntywila ukukhiqiza kuze kufike kuma-300 km. ngehora. Ukhozi lungandiza luqhubeke ukuphakama kufika kumakhilomitha ayi-10.

Ukhozi lunendlela ekhethekile yokubona. Ukubuyekezwa kwekhompiyutha ifinyelela cishe kuma-300 degrees. Izisulu ubona kusuka phezulu 3-4 km., Futhi indawo yokubuka liqhele ngamakhilomitha ayi-10. nokuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amehlo okhozi anawo amakhulu amabili eminyaka , eyodwa, esobala, ivikela emoyeni, eyesibili, iminyene, ivala ngesikhathi sokulala kwenyoni.

Ukhozi bathembekile kwabakhethiweyo babo kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo. Indlela yokuphila yomndeni - ukhozi luhlinzeka ngokudla, ukhozi lubandakanyeka emfundweni yezingane.

Izinkozi zezinkukhu zazo zikhuliswa ngendlela ekhethekile . Lapho amachwane ekhula aqala ukudala, empeleni, izimo ezinokhahlo, kancane kancane aphonse udoti othambile kusuka esidlekeni (umkhuhlane, izimpaphe, utshani obomile). Kuba ukungakhululeki esidlekeni futhi amaphuphu azama ukuphuma esidlekeni futhi afundele ngokungenakuphela ukundiza. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, amaphuphu ayavilapha, avele awakhiphe esidlekeni. Uma ufuna, ufuna ukundiza. Vele, abazali baqinisekisa amatshwele!

Kunesinye futhi isici esijabulisayo esimweni nendlela yokuphila yezinkozi. . Njengoba umuntu ekhula, ukhozi lugqoka uqhwaku lomlomo. Kuphuma izimpaphe. Ukuze usinde, ukhozi lundizela phezulu ezintabeni, kubalulekile ukuthi kube khona umthombo wamanzi. Ekuqaleni, wayishaya ngamatshe ngomlomo wayo, wayiklebhula. Lapho uqhwaku lukhula lubuye lube namandla futhi, lukhipha imichilo yalo. Futhi-ke zonke izimpaphe ezindala zixoshwa ngokuphelele ngobukhulu obugcwele, uzipho oluqinisiwe nomlomo. Futhi emva kokuba izimpaphe ezintsha sezikhulile, uyakwazi ukundiza futhi ukuzingela. Sonke lesi sikhathi, inyoni ayidli lutho. Ngiyabonga kuphela kuSpartan, indlela enolaka lapho ukhozi lungazalwa kabusha!

Ukubonakala kwezinkozi

Cishe bonke abantu balezi zinyoni ngobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezincane (ukhozi olufushane kanye ne-steppe ukhozi). Isisindo sokhozi esidala sisuka kumakhilogremu amathathu kuya kwayisihlanu. Amaphiko ezinkozi afinyelela amamitha amabili ubude. Izinkozi zabesifazane zinobukhulu obukhulu kunabesilisa (cishe i-25-30%).

Ukhozi lwe-Kaffir (i-Aquila verreauxii).

Abamele lolu hlobo lwe-genus banemisipha ekhule kahle, izilenge ezinamandla nomlomo onomlomo owugobile ekugcineni. Izinkozi zinentamo eqinile, nemilenze emide ngokulinganayo. Ukwakhiwa kwezinkozi kufana nokuthi kudalwe ngokukhethekile ngemvelo ukubanikeza ithuba lokuba ngabazingeli abangenakuqhathaniswa.

Umbala wezinqwaba zezinkozi uhlukaniswe ngokwemibandela ngamaqembu amabili: ithafa elinombala ohlukene futhi ohlukile. Isibonelo, izinkozi zempi, izinkozi ezinomqhele nezinkozi zohlobo lwe-hawk zinesihloko esimnyama nesisekelo esimhlophe, futhi ukhozi lwedwala lupendwe nsundu ngombala ohlukile womthunzi okhanyayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinkozi zinomhlobiso emakhanda aso ngendlela yesigaxa esinezimpaphe ezinde (i-comb ukhozi kanye nezinkozi zase-Afrika).

Comb ukhozi (Lophaetus occipitalis).

Ebantwini, wonke umuntu uyazi ngokubekezela okuhle kokhozi, amandla ayo okubuka inyamazane, nokuba kude kakhulu nayo.

Ahlala kuphi okhozi

Lezi zinyoni zisabalele impela. Amanani ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokhozi atholakala eNyakatho Melika, e-Epasia nase-Afrika. I-Wedge-tailed ukhozi - uhlobo oluhlukile oluhlala e-Australia naseziqhingini ezinkulu eziseduze.

ISteppe Eagle (i-Aquila rapax) esidlekeni.

Ukhozi luthanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezifudumele nezishubile. Bazizwa bekhulu ezinqabeni ezingama-semi, izintaba, izindawo ezivulekile namathafa angenalutho.

Indlela yokuphila yokhozi

Lezi zilwane ezinemibala zihlala ngababili. Ukuthola inyamazane, izinkozi ziyakwazi ukundiza amahora amaningi esibhakabhakeni, bese zibheka isisulu phansi noma emoyeni. Lapho ukhozi luthatha indawo yezinyamazane zalo, lundizela phansi ngokushesha, lwelula imilenze yalo luye phambili, lugxila esixekweni salo ngezinselo eziqinile ezigobekile futhi luqala ukusilingisa ngamandla alo wonke ngosizo lomlomo walo.

Paw okhozi olunomqhele (Stephanoaetus coronatus).

Imvamisa izinyamazane izifuyo ziyizilwane, ezinjengalezi: amantshontsho, izimpungushe, izimpisi, izinyamazane, izinyamazane zogebhezi. Ukuzingela “ama-trophies” amancane akulula neze kulo ukhozi; imvamisa, ama-gophers, ama hares, marmots, izinkawu ezincane nezinyoni ziwa etafuleni laso lokudlela. Lapho ukuzingela kwehluleka isikhathi eside, ukhozi lungaba yisankahlu.

Njengoba isibambe inyamazane, ukhozi luzama ukuyidla khona lapho - endaweni yokuhlatshwa khona. Uma kudingekile kuphela ukondla amaphuphu, umdlwenguli uthatha ingxenye yesidumbu esifile ezinganeni zakhe. Ngemuva kokudla okunamahloni, izinkozi zidla uketshezi oluningi futhi zihlanze izimpaphe zazo ngokucophelela.

Ukhozi lwasendlini lugqiba inyama inyama ebhekile.

Ukuzalela okhozi

Insikazi ibekela amaqanda kanye ngonyaka. Izinkozi zakha izidleke zazo eziphakeme kakhulu, cishe eziqongweni zezihlahla, noma eziqongweni zamatshe. Imvamisa, laba bantu abahlukumeza abanye babandakanyeka ekubanjweni kwama-raider futhi basuse izidleke kwezinye izinyoni (amagwababa, amankonyane, amakhowe).

Amachwane amancanyana wokutholwa.

Ukubekwa kokhozi kuqukethe amaqanda ama-1 kuye kwayi-3. Ukufakwa ngaphakathi kuhlala izinsuku ezingama-35 kuye kwezingama-45. Naphezu kwesimo esidla inyama, izinkozi zingabazali abakhathalelayo futhi abamnene, kodwa akushiwo okufanayo ngamachwane. Ukungabi nesikhathi sokuqandusela eqandeni, vele baqala ukuhlanganyela ukudla, imvamisa kubuye kulwe!

Ukhozi lube nokuthomba eminyakeni emine kuya kwemihlanu. Emvelweni, lezi zinyoni ezidla inyama ziphila iminyaka engu-30, kepha izinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zingaphila kuze kube ngu-50.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

Ukhozi: Incazelo

Ukhozi, njengenyoni inyamazane, luyaziwa kubantu abaningi bomhlaba. Imiqondo efana nodumo, inhlanhla, ukunqoba namandla ahambisana nale nyoni. Kungakho ezingalweni zezifundazwe eziningi ungabona le nyoni enhle kangaka. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinkozi ezihlukile ngobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele. Ezinye izinhlobo ziqhosha ngokuthi ubude bazo bomzimba cishe buyi-1 imitha. Njengomthetho, izinsikazi zikhulu ngokulingene kwabesilisa. Isisindo sabantu abadala sisuka kumakhilogremu amathathu kuya kwayi-7. Izinhlobo zoKhozi ezinjengokhozi lwe-steppe kanye nolokhozi oluncane kubalwa njengabamele abancane kakhulu kulo mndeni.

Ukubukeka

Abamele lo mndeni banomzimba omkhulu futhi okhule kahle. Inemilenze eqinile futhi ende, enenqwaba yeminwe ngokwayo, efana "namabhulukwe". Kulokhu, ikhanda lixubile impela ngosayizi, futhi intamo iqinile futhi inemisipha. Ama-eyeballs makhulu, kepha awahluki ekushukumeni okumakiwe, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ukuhamba kwentamo kungukuthi ukubuyela emuva okunjalo akunamphumela obalulekile, ongemuhle emsebenzini obalulekile wenyoni edla inyama.

Izinkozi nazo zinezindala eziqinile, kanye nomlomo. Uqhwaku lunesiphetho esigoqayo, esiqinisekisa uhlobo lwenyoka oludlayo. Amacala nomlomo ubonakala ngokuthi akhula kuyo yonke impilo, kepha izici zokuphila kwokhozi ziholela eqinisweni lokuthi zigaya ngendlela yemvelo. Lo mndeni unamaphiko aqinile, amade futhi abanzi, anezinhlaka ezakhiwe kahle. Ubungako bawo bungafinyelela kumamitha amabili nengxenye. Izici ezinjengalezi zivumela umdlwenguli ukuthi abe semoyeni isikhathi eside, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-800, futhi mhlawumbe iphakeme ngisho nangaphezulu.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Izinkozi zibhekana kalula nemisinga yomoya yanoma yikuphi ukushuba. Ngasikhathi sinye, bayakwazi ukuhlasela inyamazane yabo ngesivinini okungenani sama-300 km / h.

Izinkozi zinamehlo abukhali kakhulu, ngakho-ke ziyakwazi ukubuka inyamazane encane kusuka kubude bamamitha ayi-500, ngesimo sezikhala, izinduku, izinyoka, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kombono we-peripheral kuvumela inyoni edla inyama ukuba ilawule ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-12 esikhala somoya. Ukuzwa okokhozi akuthuthukiswa kangako njengombono, futhi umuzwa wokuhogela awubuthakathaka.

Umbala we-plumage uncike ohlotsheni walo mndeni, ngakho-ke ubonakala njenge-monotonous, ngokubakhona kwe-variegations nokuqhathanisa. Izinkozi zingahlukaniswa kalula ngesimo sendiza, ngokusebenza kwayo nangendlela elenza ngayo amaphiko angavamile, kepha ajulile futhi anamandla.

Ukuziphatha nendlela yokuphila

Ama-Eagles amelela umndeni wezinyoni ezi-monogamous, njengoba zizikhethela i-pair impilo yazo, ngakho-ke ikakhulukazi zihlala ngababili. Isimanga sokuzingela kokhozi ukuthi zizungeleza isibhakabhaka amahora amaningi esibhakabhakeni, zifuna izisulu emhlabeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinkozi azibheki nje esinye isisulu, kodwa futhi zilandelela izehlakalo ezenzeka zibazungezile. Izinkozi azizingeli nsuku zonke futhi njalo, ngoba ziyakwazi ukugcina ukudla ezinqolobaneni zazo izinsuku eziningana.

Izinhlobo zezinkozi ezinezithombe namagama

Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni olunzulu olwenziwe ochwepheshe baseJalimane ezingeni lamangqamuzana, kwatholakala ukuthi izinkozi zase-Akwila zingokhokho bazo zonke izinhlobo zokhozi.

Ngokuphathelene nezinkozi, kubuyekezwa okwenziwe esikhathini sethu, okuhlanganisa zonke izinhlobo ze-taxa, ezihambisana nesinqumo sesikhashana sokuhlanganisa lonke i-taxa kuhlobo lwe-Aquila. Isibonelo:

Ama-Hawk Eagles (u-Aquila Fasciata)

Izinkozi zoKlebe, ezinobude obujwayelekile bamaphiko ngamasentimitha angama-50, nenyoni ephelele yezinyamazane cishe amasentimitha angama-70. Isisindo sazo ndawo ndawo ngokwesilinganiso 2 kilos. Izinyoni zihlukaniswa ngombala onsundu onsundu emuva, umbala ompunga womsila, lapho kunephethini elimnyama elitholakala kunqamu. Isifunda esiswini sinama-alamu akhanyayo, anamahlwili noma amhlophe, anama-motikes amade, kanye nemivimbo emnyama edlulayo ku-plumage, kufaka phakathi esifundeni semilenze nangaphansi. Abesifazane balolu hlobo, uma kuqhathaniswa nabesilisa, bakhulu kakhulu.

Izinkozi zedwarha (i-Aquila renata)

Yikuphi ngosayizi nokulingana kwemizimba yazo okukhumbuza kakhulu izimbungulu ezinkulu, ngenkathi ukubukeka kokhozi okubonakalayo kubonakala ngokucacile kumphangi. Ubude bomhlaseli cishe ngamasentimitha angama-50 ngokwesilinganiso kanti isisindo ngokwesilinganiso simalunga nekhilogremu enye. Amaphiko abantu abadala aphakathi kwamamitha ayi-1,2. Abesilisa nabesifazane banombala ocishe ufane. Kulezi zinyoni ezidla inyama, uqhwaku lugoba kakhulu, kepha lufushane. Umbala ungaba mnyama noma ukhanye, kepha izinketho zokukhanya kombala womzimba zivame kakhulu.

Izinkozi zase-Indian hawk (i-Aquila kieneri)

Okungafani ngokungafani nosayizi omkhulu, ubude bawo bomzimba buba amasentimitha angama-52 iphiko elingamamitha ayi-1 noma ngaphezulu kwalokho. Umsila walezi zinhlobo zezinkozi unophawu lokuzungeza ekugcineni komsila. Umzimba ophezulu unemibala emnyama, kanti i-chin, umphimbo kanye ne-goiter cishe zimhlophe. Umzimba ophansi, kanye nemilenze, inophawu olubomvu onsundu, lapho kukhona cishe imicu emnyama, ebanzi. Kunzima kakhulu ukwahlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane.

I-Golden Eagles (i-Aquila chrysaetos)

Yikuphi okubhekwe njengabamele abakhulu futhi baqinile kakhulu bohlobo ngobude bomzimba okufinyelela cishe kumitha eyi-1 nephiko elifinyelela kumamitha amabili nesigamu. Izinsikazi zalolu hlobo zinkulu kunezabesilisa futhi zingaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-7. Izinkozi zegolide zinomlomo wokhozi ojwayelekile, ocindezelwe kamuva nangaphezulu. Ngezansi komlomo kuphelela ngesimo segwegwe.

Amatshe i-Eagles (i-Aquila rapax)

Ikhula ngobude ifinyelela ku-65 cm ngokwesilinganiso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azinasisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu amabili nesigamu, futhi amaphiko azo awekho ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1,8. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinkozi zamatshe zinemibala ehlukahlukene yeplamu, ngokuya ngeminyaka, izici zomuntu ngamunye, kanye nokuhlukahluka kwemibala yeplagethi.

ISteppe Eagles (i-Aquila nipalensis)

Ngobude bomzimba obungekho ngaphezu kwama-86 cm kanye nesisindo esilinganayo sama-kilogremu amathathu nohhafu noma ngaphezulu. Izimpiko zalesi silwane sifinyelela okungenani amasentimitha angama-225. Abantu abadala bahlukaniswa ngombala onsundu omnyama we-plumage, ngokubakhona kwendawo ebomvu ethangeni lentamo, kanye nezimpaphe eziyinhloko ezidwetshwe ngombala omnyama no-brown. Izimpaphe ezigobayo zihlukaniswa ngombala onsundu omnyama, ngemichilo eshintshashintshashintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshhantshantshide yempi egqamile ngokwahlukaniswa kombala onsundu omnyama, imichilo eshintshashintshashintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshintshhantshantshantshaphu yempi egqamile ngombala onsundu.

I-Wedge Taag Eagles (i-Aquila audax)

Yikuphi okubhekwa njengento enkulu kakhulu ngendlela yazo, njengoba inobude bomzimba cishe wamamitha ayi-1, futhi amaphiko awo aphakathi kwamamitha ayi-2 noma ngaphezulu kwalokho. Abesifazane bakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nabesilisa futhi bangaba nesisindo samakhilogremu amahlanu.

Izinhlobo zezinsalela zezinkozi yi-Religioniocene (Aquila kurochkini). Ubukhulu bawo obuphakathi buqhathaniswa nezinkozi zanamuhla zekhungwa ezisezingeni le-morphology.

Izindawo zokuhlala zemvelo

Indawo yokuhlala okhozi ibanzi kakhulu, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lwazo lwazikhethela izindawo zalo ezihlukile. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi kunesici esisodwa: lezi zindawo zitholakala kude kakhulu nomuntu nempilo yakhe. Kulokhu, izinkozi zitholakala kaningi ezindaweni ezisezintabeni noma ezindaweni ezivulekile.

Uma uthatha okokhozi begolide, bahlala emasimini ezwe lethu, kusukela eNyakatho neCaucasus nokuphela kwezifunda eziseningizimu yePrimorye. Ukuze izidleke zazo, kukhethwe amahlathi angenakufinyeleleka. Izinkozi ze-Wedge-tailed zegolide, ezingabhekwa njengabadala bezinkozi zegolide, zithanda ukudla izidleke emasimini asehlathini aseNew Guinea. Ama-Steppe eagles ahlala ngaphansi kwezimo zezigodi ze-steppe, kanye nezindawo ezinamagwadule angaphansi kweTransbaikalia kanye nogu lolwandle olumnyama.

Izinkozi zamathuna sekuyisikhathi eside zitholakala ezindaweni ezisehlathini lama-Ukraine, ezintabeni zaseKazakhstan, emahlathini eCzech Republic, eRomania naseSpain. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezifanayo zezinkozi zihlala e-Iran naseChina, eSlovakia naseHungary, eJalimane naseGrisi, nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Amazwe amaningi athonsa okokhozi begolide, bese eyisebenzisa ekuzingeleni njengezinyoni zokuzingela.

Isabelo sokudla

Ukudla kwezinkozi kukhulu impela, futhi ikakhulukazi kuqukethe izinto ezivela kwimvelaphi yezilwane, futhi kuvame kakhulu kube kukhulu, yize ikakhulukazi lezi zinto zokudla zincane ngosayizi bamahhashi, izingwejeje zomhlaba, izinyoni nezinyoni. Uma okhozi ebulawa yindlala isikhathi eside, khona-ke angakudla kalula i-carrion, azowathola emhlabeni noma emanzini.

Imininingwane ethokozisayo! Kunobufakazi obuqinisekisiwe bokuthi izilwane ezidla ezinye ezinamaphiko zidla izilwane eziningi, kufaka phakathi amnyama amnyama amnyama, izinkomo ezifuywayo nezasendle, amachaphaza ashubile kanye nogwadule, amajuba aluhlaza nawasekhaya, ama-kingfishers ngisho nama-squirrels.

Endabeni yokuzingela okuphumelelayo, izinkozi zidla inyamazane yazo ngokushesha noma ziyondla amachwane. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinkozi zidla izinyoka ezinobuthi. Ngemuva kokudla, ukhozi luyikhwabanisa ngamanzi amaningi bese luqala ukuhlelela amaplamu alo.

Ukuzalela inzalo

Ukhozi lubonakala ngokuthi lufika ebusheni kuphela ngeminyaka emi-5 yempilo yazo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lomhlaseli, izidleke zokhozi zingatholakala ezihlahleni noma ezihlahleni, nasemadwaleni, phezulu ezintabeni. Kokubili okwensikazi nowesilisa kuyabandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwesidleke, yize kunenkolelo yokuthi abesifazane batshala imali eningi basebenza, ikhono nokunakekelwa. Ngemuva kokwakha isidleke, uma kwenzeka sithembekile, izinkozi zingasisebenzisa iminyaka eminingi.

Kunezikhathi lapho izinkozi zibamba izidleke ezakhiwa izinyoni ezinkulu, njengefolokwane noma igwababa, uma lezi izidleke zivumelana nezinkozi ngosayizi wazo. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda kanye ngonyaka, kuyilapho isibalo sazo singekho ngaphezu kwezicucu ezi-3. Ukuqandusela amaqanda akufani nokuqandusela amaqanda ngezinye izinyoni.Ngemuva kokuzalwa, umuntu angavele aqonde kusuka kumachwane ukuthi izinyoni zinemvelo eyinkimbinkimbi yomhlaseli. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimpi ngaphakathi esidlekeni zivame ukubulala abantu ababuthakathaka. Angakhutshwa esidlekeni noma athole ukushaywa ngoqhwaku obulalayo.

Iphuzu elibalulekile! Imidlalo yokuhlanganisa izinkozi ingumbukwane omangalisayo njengoba idlula emoyeni. Bobabili abantu bakhombisa wonke amandla abo, bajahile futhi benza ama-aerobatics anzima kakhulu.

Izinkozi zamathuna zibhekwa njengabazali abanomthwalo wemfanelo kunabo bonke, njengoba zibopha amaqanda. Ngemuva kwenyanga nesigamu, kuzalwa inzalo, kuthi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, abazali bafundise izingane zabo izisekelo zokundiza. Njengoba banokuqeqeshwa okuhle kwendiza, bafuduka isikhathi eside ebusika.

Izinkozi ezingama-steppe kulokhu futhi zinentshisekelo ethile, ngoba izidleke zazo zitholakala ngqo emhlabathini. Izinsikazi zifukamela amaqanda, owesilisa wondla ingxenye yakhe yesibili sonke lesi sikhathi. Bobabili abazali nabo bahlanganyela ekukhuliseni nasekufundiseni inzalo. Izinkozi ezisencane ngokuzifunela imibhangqwana, zinqoba amabanga amakhulu. Ngemuva kokuthola umbhangqwana, ziqala ukuzakhela isidleke bese ziqala ukuphila impilo yokuhlala.

Izitha zemvelo zezinkozi

Noma kunjalo, izinkozi, ngaphandle kokuthi empeleni azinazo izitha zemvelo, zifanekisela ukuxhumana okusengcupheni kakhulu esimisweni semvelo somhlaba. Njengomthetho, izinkozi zivame ukufela ezimpini ezinamadlozi anamandla omoya, kanye nangempisi ejwayelekile.

Kepha lokhu akuyona inkinga enkulu kangako, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuswelakala kokudla kwezinsuku eziningi. Ngenxa yokuthi umzimba wokhozi udinga ukudla okuhlala njalo nokuzinzile, kufanele zithuthe nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni ziye ezifundeni noma emazweni afudumele.

Iphuzu elibalulekile! Lapho kunokudla okwanele okokhozi, khona-ke ngenxa yalokho amaphuphu amaningi asinda ezidlekeni zawo, futhi lapho ukudla kunqabile, njengomthetho, munye kuphela, kepha iphuku elinamandla kunawo, liyasinda.

Njengoba imiphumela yokuhlolisisa nokuhlolisisa okuhlukahlukene ikhombisa, imbangela yokuthi iningi labantu bokhozi liyancipha ngumsebenzi womnotho wabantu. Lapho umuntu eba nezingxenye ezintsha futhi ezintsha zombuso, lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi izinkozi zihlangabezana nokuntuleka kokudla. Into ekhona ukuthi amaketanga amaningi okudla athuthela kwezinye izindawo noma anyamalale ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinyoni eziningi ziyafa yindlala. Imvamisa, izinkozi zibulawa ukushaqeka kukagesi njengoba zizama ukwakha izidleke zazo ezintanjeni zikagesi (ezigodini).

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Ezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama, ezimele "i-hawk" yomndeni zinesimo sokuzivikela "esidala ukukhathazeka okuncane." Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukhozi ukhozi.
• Indian hawk ukhozi.
• Ukhozi lwegolide.
• Itshe ukhozi.
• Ukhozi lweKaffir.
• Ukhozi lwesiliva.
• Wedge-tailed ukhozi.
• Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezinyoni ezidla inyama zithole isimo sokulondolozwa se “Vulnerable Species”:
• Izinkozi zokungcwaba.
• Izindawo zokungcwaba zaseSpain.
• Ukhozi olukhulu olunamabala.

Ukhozi lwe-steppe lwathola isimo sezinhlobo ezisengozini, kanye nesimo sokusondele kwabasengozini, inayo ukhozi iMoluksky. Izinyoni ezinjalo ezidla inyama njengokhozi olufushane nezindawo zokungcwaba kwamanye amazwe zibhalwe kuNcwadi Ebomvu.

Umuntu nezinkozi

Izithombe zokhozi zitholakala emjondolo wezingalo zaseRussia, yize amakhozi emelela isigaba esingathandeki sezinyoni ezidla inyama, ngakho-ke zibhalwe kwiBhuku elibomvu. Ama-Eagles, njengophawu lwamandla nokukhuthazela, asondele ekuqothulweni, njengezinhlobo nakho konke ukubonga ngemisebenzi yabantu yezomnotho. Ukwehla okungapheli kwesibalo sezinyoni ezidla inyama kuhlotshaniswa nezinto eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukuzingela, kanye nesimo esihlala siwohloka imvelo.

Ngenxa yobukhona beNcwadi ebomvu, kanye nochwepheshe, kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekisise futhi ubone zonke izinhlobo ezintsha zezinkozi ezisengozini. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uphendule ngesikhathi esifanele ezinkingeni ezinjalo, uguqula isimo sibe ngcono.

Ekuphetheni

Ukhozi luyinyoni eyingqayizivele, njengoba kungabonakala emaqinisweni amaningi. Njengomthetho, izintokazi zikhulu kunabesilisa, futhi umehluko ubalulekile, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi abesilisa bancane kunabesifazane. Zombili insikazi nabesilisa ziyakwazi ukukhuphuka ngamakhilomitha ayi-7 kuye kwayi-9. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi izidleke zokhozi zihlala zisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, kungakhathalekile ukuthi zihlala kuphi lezi zidlamlilo. Kunamanye amaqiniso athakazelisa ngokulinganayo ahlobene nezinkozi. Isibonelo, abanombono omuhle kuphela, futhi oyingqayizivele, (umvundla ungabona futhi ukhombe kusuka endaweni ephakeme ngamakhilomitha ayi-3, kodwa futhi nomthambo onesisindo esingaphansi kwezimpaphe. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi inyoni ingakhuphuka ubude obukhulu. Amandla okhozi nawo ayingqayizivele, njengoba ekwazi ukuphakamisela inyamazane ephakathi esibhakabhakeni, ingasaphathwa eyabantu abasanda kuzalwa.Lesi sidalwa sasemazulwini sine-aerodynamics enhle kakhulu, lokho ukhozi olunakekelayo: uma ngempaphe eyodwa iwela kwelinye lamaphiko, izimpaphe ezifanayo izolahleka futhi kusukela kwephiko lesibili.

Ukhozi lubizwa nangokuthi inyoni "yasebukhosini", ngoba umlando wayo uxhumeke eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule, njengoba kufakazelwa yinganekwane yabantu abaningi bomhlaba. Ezikhathini zasendulo, le nyoni yayinesimo senyoni elanga, eletha ukunqoba, kanye nenhlanhla. AmaRoma amele izinkozi ngesivunguvungu futhi akholelwa ukuthi izinkozi zingabathwali bokubani kukaJupiteri. AbaseGibhithe nabaseShayina babekholelwa nokuthi izinkozi ziyizinyoni zelanga eziletha imisebe yasekuseni efudumele.

Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, noma ibaphi ababusi babefuna ukuba nomfanekiso wombusi oqinile, cishe nombusi womhlaba. Kulokhu, bathatha isithombe sokhozi, okwabonakala sengathi sibasondeza ezulwini. Zazigqoka izingubo ezihlotshiswe ngezimpaphe zokhozi, kanye nezinye izimpawu zokhozi. Ngakho-ke, kancane kancane isithombe se-aquiline siguqukile ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyikhulu sisuka kunganekwane yasendulo saba yinkolo yabantu abaningi bomhlaba. Le nyoni yasungula ukugqama kobuso baphezulu, kubuHindu kanye nobuKhristu, kufaka nakwezinye izinkolo.

Kumuntu ngamunye, igama elithi “ukhozi” lisho isibindi, ukuqhosha, isibindi nezinye izimfanelo eziningi ezinhle. Ngeshwa, umuntu uyisitha esikhulu sezinkozi, ngoba uyangenelela ochungechungeni lwemvelo, wasebenza ekupheleleni. Uma kuthinteka esinye sezixhumanisi kuleli ketane, khona-ke yonke imvelo ingahle yephulwe, ngoba ukwephulwa okuzenzakalelayo kwemisebenzi yamanye amaketanga kuzokwenzeka. Kwenzeka okufanayo nasezinkozi, ngoba abantu baxosha lezi zidla zivela ezindaweni zemvelo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, zazisekhona izindawo emhlabeni lapho okokhozi lwalugcinwe khona ngenani elanele.

Impilo ngemuva kwamashumi amane ishintsha kakhulu

Indiza yalomhlaseli onamaphiko iheha ukubukwa okuningi. Kepha bambalwa abaziyo ukuthi lapho befika eminyakeni engaba ngu-40, impilo yezinyoni ishintshwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izindlawu zabo ziba zide kakhulu futhi zithambile. Izilwane ezihlaselayo azisakwazi ukubamba inyamazane, ngoba inciphisa ukuqhwala okubuthakathaka.

Kwenzeka into efanayo ngomlomo, ugoba ngeminyaka, umnikazi wayo akasakwazi ukudla. Ukuqina kwezimpaphe esifubeni namaphiko kuyanda, kuvela iziqaqa, ukuqina kwendiza kuyaphazamiseka, okwenza kube nzima ukundiza.

Lesi yisikhathi esiyisihluthulelo empilweni yezinkozi, zibhekene nokukhetha okuyinqayizivele. Zinezindlela ezimbili kuphela: indlala noma izinhlungu nezinguquko ezihamba kancane ezingathatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-150.

Amandla wesimilo sokhozi

Ngakho-ke, ukuze asindise impilo yakhe, umbusi wezinyoni udinga ukukhuphukela esiqongweni, esidlekeni sakhe. Izinyoni eziqhoshayo ziqala ukushaya uqhwaku ematsheni, zize ziqhume. Ngemuva kwenqubo ebuhlungu enjalo, kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi kukhule umlomo omusha - omncane, onempilo.

Ngemuva kwalokho kuqala inqubo ebuhlungu ngokulinganayo: ukuqeda izihlahlana ezingenamsebenzi ngosizo lomlomo omncane. Lapho kukhula izindlanzana ezinempilo, le nyoni iyakhululwa izimpaphe ezindala ezisindayo ngozipho kanye nomlomo wayo.

Uma inkosi yezinyoni ingakhuthazelela izinyanga ezinhlanu zokuhlushwa, izophinde yazalwe, njengePhoenix, futhi izophila ngokuthula eminye iminyaka engamashumi amathathu nangaphezulu.

Mhlawumbe unokuthile ongangeza, sizojabula uma wabelana ngemicabango yakho nathi emazwaneni. Ungagcina i-athikili yakho oyithandayo noma wabelane ngayo ngokuchofoza kwesinye sezinkinobho.

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Impilo yezinkozi. Inyoni yokhozi oludlayo: incazelo yempilo yezinkozi, ukubona kwamehlo, ukuzingela, izidleke nezinkozi. Izinhlobo zezinkozi ezinezithombe namavidiyo.

Ukhozi luyinyoni edla inyama yomndeni wakwa-hawk. Kungokwesibalo sezinyoni ezinkulu. Ubude bomzimba wenyoni endala buhlukahluka ukusuka kuma-73 kuye kwangama-89 cm, amaphiko amade afike ku-2,5 m ubukhulu, umsila omfushane nemilenze eqinile. Uqhwaku olukhulu nezinzipho ezibukhali yizikhali eziyinhloko zalokhu okuphangiwe.

Izinkozi ziyizinyoni ezivamile. Zitholakala emahlathini, ema-tundra, emaqeleni naseziphepheni zase-Eurasia, eNyakatho Melika nase-Afrika. Bangakha izidleke phansi nasemithini, kodwa kaningi bakhetha izintaba.

Umbono omuhle kakhulu uvumela ukhozi ukubona igundane, inyoka noma isililo kusuka endaweni ephakeme. Isikibha samehlo sikhulu futhi sithatha isikhala esiningi kugebhezi, ngakho-ke ukuhamba kwemehlo akukuhle, kepha intamo eyenziwe kahle ifanela lokhu kusilela. Izindlebe ezizwayo zisetshenziselwa ukuxhumana kakhulu kunokuzingela. Umuzwa wokuhogela awuthuthukiswa kahle.

Imvamisa bazingela bodwa. Ukhozi lungandiza isikhathi eside endaweni ephakeme, lubheke inyamazane, noma luhlale egqumeni futhi lubuke okuzungezile lufuna isisulu. Njengomthetho, inyamazane ebulewe kuphela iya ekudleni, i-carrion akuvamile ukungena ekudleni kwabo. Konke kuya ngohlobo lwenyoni. Kungaba izinambuzane kanye nezilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu. Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, ukhozi lwehla ngamandla phansi, lubambe isisulu ngezidladla zalo bese lishaya ngoqhwaku lwalo. Isidalwa esidangele asisakwazi ukumelana.

Ukhozi lukhetha umbhangqwana owodwa empilweni. Izindlovu zakhiwa zinkulu futhi ziqinile zisebenzisa amagatsha. Beka amaqanda ama-2 ngalinye. Ngenkathi insikazi izifaka kubo, owesilisa unakekela umsoco wakhe. Hatching inzalo ingabona ngokushesha, futhi imbozwe nge-fluff. Uhlobo lomhlaseli lwenza amachwane kusukela esemncane alwele ukusinda kwawo. Imvamisa ungabheka ukuthi inkukhu enkulu izama kanjani ukukhipha umfowethu omncane esidlekeni. Kwesinye isikhathi kungambulala nangokulwela ukudla. Ezimweni lapho kunokudla okwanele, amaphuphu amaningana akhula izidleke.

Isithombe: ukhozi lwegolide ukhozi.

Emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 zalezi zinyoni. Ukhozi olukhulu kunazo zonke yiGolden Eagle. Ubude bawo bufika ku-95 cm, futhi amaphiko ayo angaphezulu kwamamitha amabili. Amapayipi asuka kwegolide kuya ku-brown. Bahlala kuphela ezindaweni ezisezintabeni. Zizingelwa ngababili futhi ikakhulukazi phakathi namahora okukhanya kwemini. Zidla ngezinyoni, ama-squirrels, ama-martens, ama hares kanye nezilwane ezinkulu.

Izithombe ezinhle zezinkozi:

Ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe luqhakambisa umbala walo ongajwayelekile. Ngokuphambene nesizinda sezinsi ezinsundu, ungabona amabala aphuzi ekhanda nasentanyeni, kanti nomsila upendiwe mhlophe. Kakhulu ummeleli womndeni we-hawk, ukhetha ukudla kwenhlanzi.

Umdobi wokhozi (osprey) inyoni encane, efana ne-seagull. Isisindo - 1.5-2 kg. Ukuzingela emanzini, ukuhlwitha izinhlanzi ngenkathi indiza noma ukungena emanzini. Izizwa ikhathazekile, inyoni ibiza kakhulu futhi kakhulu.

Isithombe: Umdobi ukhozi (osprey)

Okuncane kakhulu kune-osprey ukhozi oluncane. Umbala wayo ungakhanya futhi ube mnyama. Isisindo - ngaphansi kwekhilogremu. Njengabo bonke abamele le nhlobo yezinyoni, amfishi anamehlo amahle futhi andiza esebenzisa indiza ehamba kancane. Zingahlala endaweni ephakeme isikhathi eside, zilandele umkhondo wazo.

Isithombe: Izinkozi ezi-condor.

Isibuyekezo sokhozi. Lokhu kwenziwa yilokho ukhozi lapho luhlala ebudaleni. Abantu banokuningi okufanele bakufunde ...

Yiziphi izinyoni ezithathwa njengezikhulu ngokubabazekayo, eziqhoshayo futhi eziyingozi (ngaphandle kwezinganekwane ze-Rock bird kanye nezidumbu, kunjalo). Vele, lezi yizinkozi! Izinkozi zinamandla, ziqine kakhulu, ziyaziqhenya futhi zizingela kakhulu izinyoni ezindiza ngaphansi kwamafu futhi zifuna inyamazane kusuka phezulu. Isintu besiyithanda le nyoni izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Uyazi ukuthi inzima kangakanani impilo yokhozi lapho liguga? Le ndaba ngokuqinisekile ngeke ikushiye ungenandaba.

Lapho izinkozi ziphila ngeminyaka engamashumi amathathu nanhlanu kuya kwamashumi amane, izimbila zazo zikhula zize zibe namandla okuthola inyamazane. Uqhwaku lomkhozi lugoba kangangokuba luze lufinyelele. Ukuziqhenya kokhozi - amaplamu alo - kunzima, kuba nzima futhi kube nzima, ngakho-ke kunzima ukundiza. Ngokuvamile, le nyoni isesimweni esingayivumeli ukuthi iqhubeke iphila. Futhi-ke izinkozi zenza ukukhetha: kungaba ukufa kancane, noma ukuzalwa okubuhlungu, okunzima kakhulu. Uyazi ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani?

Ukhozi lundizela esidlekeni saso, esisekujuleni kwezintaba. Lapho, uqala ukushaya amatshe ngamatshe ngomlomo wakhe aze ahlukane. Cabanga nje ukuthi kubuhlungu kanjani! Kepha okunzima kakhulu kuseza ...

Ngenkathi uqhwaku lukhula kancane kancane, inyoni ibulawa yindlala. Kamuva, ngesibhakela esisha, ukhipha izimbambo zakhe zingakulungelanga ukuzingela futhi uqala ukulinda kuze kukhule abasha. Ngemuva kwenyanga noma ezimbili, izinkozi zikhipha zonke izimpaphe zazo ezinhle ngezinzipho ezintsha. Ngemuva kokuba zikhule futhi, inyoni ingaphinde ibhabhe, izingele futhi izitholele ukudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzalwa kobuhlungu kuvame ukuhlala izinyanga ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha! Cabanga nje ukuthi lesi sidalwa esinesibindi sibuhlungu kanjani!

Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi abantu bancoma okokhozi kangaka. Lezi zinyoni zinobuhle futhi ziqinile hhayi emzimbeni kuphela kodwa nasemoyeni. Futhi sonke sinokuningi okufanele sikufunde kubo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukuze siziguqule thina, siziguqule ngendlela yokuthi siqale ukuphila kabusha, sidinga ukuhlukunyezwa, izinhlungu, ukwesaba. Kodwa kuphela kokuzikhulula emthwalweni wesikhathi esedlule, umuntu uzivuselela amandla akhe futhi namandla amasha aya esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuzalwa kabusha kokhozi. Umzekeliso wokhozi. Ukuzalwa kabusha.

Lapho eneminyaka engama-40 ubudala, amabala okhozi abe mude kakhulu futhi aguquke, futhi akakwazi ukubamba inyamazane. Uqhwaku lwayo luba lude kakhulu futhi lugobile, futhi alukuvumeli ukudliwa. Izimpaphe ezisemaphikweni nasesifubeni ziba zikhulu kakhulu futhi zisindeke, futhi zimvimbe ekundizeni. Manje ukhozi lubhekene nokukhetha: noma ukufa, noma isikhathi eside nesinzima soguquko, izinsuku ezingama-150 ...

Indizela esidlekeni sayo, esiphezu kwesiqongo sentaba, futhi lapho ishaya isikhathi eside ngomlomo wayo edwaleni, kuze kube yilapho uqhwaku lwaphuka futhi isicisha ... Bese ilinda kuze kukhule uqhwaku olusha, yona ekhipha izindebe zayo ... Lapho kukhula izindwani ezintsha, ukhozi lubakhipha amaplamu alo asindayo ... Futhi-ke, ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-5 zobuhlungu nokuhlushwa, ngomlomo omusha, uzipho nezinsimbi, ukhozi luzelwe kabusha futhi futhi futhi lungaphila eminye iminyaka engama-30 ...

Kaningi, ukuze siphile, kufanele sishintshe, kwesinye isikhathi le nqubo ihambisana nobuhlungu, ukwesaba, ukungabaza ... Siqeda umthwalo wesikhathi esedlule futhi lokhu kuphela kusivumela ukuthi siphile ngakho - ikusasa lethu nekusasa lethu.

Umbhalo okule ncwadi ushicilelwe kwi-Intanethi noma kweminye imithombo evulekile.

Kuthunyelwe ngu: Blishchenko Alyona Viktorovna (akayena umbhali wokushicilelwa)

Isazi sezengqondo, Umeluleki Wezokwelapha Komndeni - uSt

U-Alyona Blishchenko wabhala (a):
Kaningi, ukuze siphile, kufanele sishintshe, kwesinye isikhathi le nqubo ihambisana nobuhlungu, ukwesaba, ukungabaza ... Siqeda umthwalo wesikhathi esedlule futhi lokhu kuphela kusivumela ukuthi siphile ngakho - ikusasa lethu nekusasa lethu.

Ngokuhlangene! Ngiyabonga, Alena.

UBlishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Isazi sezengqondo - eMoscow

Ozakwethu abathandekayo, uZatrutina Alena Vladimirovna, uNatalia Filimonova, u-Angelika Bogdanova, uZhuravleva Galina Vyacheslavovna, Tulinova Irina Borisovna, ngiyabonga ngentshisekelo yakho nangokunaka! Siyabonga ngempendulo yakho!

UBlishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Isazi sezengqondo - eMoscow

Inombolo 11 | U-Elena Revina wabhala:
Izinzipho zethu ezindala, umlomo kanye nezimpaphe kungokwedlule kwethu. Akunakukhishwa. Ngeke nje sikwazi ukukuphinda, sibona futhi silungisa amaphutha ethu eminyaka edlule.

Ngaphezu okuhle! Uyazi, ngesikhathi ngithumela lo mfanekiso, ngacabanga into efanayo.Futhi nokho ngizokusho okuhlukile: okwedlule akunakudalulwa ", kepha ungasebenza futhi uzikhulule kukho.

UBlishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Isazi sezengqondo - eMoscow

Isibalo 13 | UZatrutina Alena Vladimirovna ubhale (a):
"Mnumzane, izimpondo zami ngeke zikhweze ngomnyango!",)

Alena, ngiyakuqonda ukucasuka kwakho! Futhi nokho, oh, umzekeliso omuhle kakhulu. Bengifuna ukuyishiya le ndaba kumabhulogi ami. Njengethemba lokuzalwa kabusha.

UBlishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Isazi sezengqondo - eMoscow

Isibalo 15 | UZatrutina Alena Vladimirovna ubhale (a):
U-Alyona Blishchenko, okungaqondakali maqondana nokuqiniseka okuqinile - "ngeke kukhishwe".

Isibalo 15 | UZatrutina Alena Vladimirovna ubhale (a):
Futhi uma uzama?

Futhi uma uzama, kungenzeka futhi kuyokwenza)

UJesu watshela imifanekiso ukuthi abuyisele abantu kuye. Abantu basungula imifanekiso yabo ukuze baphunyuke kubo. Lapho iminyaka emithathu edlule umyeni wami efa empini, izingane zakhe zangishiya izimpilo zazo. Ucabanga ukuthi kufanelekile ukukukhipha kithi?

UBlishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Isazi sezengqondo - eMoscow

Isibalo 17 | U-Elena Revina wabhala:
Lapho iminyaka emithathu edlule umyeni wami efa empini, izingane zakhe zangishiya izimpilo zazo.

Elena, wamukele amazwi enduduzo! Kumunyu kakhulu!

Isibalo 17 | U-Elena Revina wabhala:
Ucabanga ukuthi kufanelekile ukukukhipha kithi?

Akunjalo! Lokhu bekungasho lutho ngalokho! Futhi ukuthi ukulimala kwesikhathi esedlule kumele kulungiswe ukuze kungabikhona ezinkingeni ezedlule futhi uphile ngakho. Umzekeliso ngakho.

Izinhlobo zezinkozi. Ukuchazwa okujwayelekile komndeni

Eqinisweni, sikhuluma ngomndeni wakwa-hawk, futhi izinkozi zingaphansi kwawo kuphela, kepha ukuze singadideki abafundi kwisigama sesayensi yezinto eziphilayo, kuzokhulunywa ngomndeni.

Ngakho-ke, umndeni ukhozi umelelwa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-70, iningi lazo ezihlala emazwenikazi amabili: i-Eurasia ne-Afrika. Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 kuphela ezihlala endle eNyakatho Melika, izinhlobo eziyi-9 eNingizimu neMelika Ephakathi nezinhlobo ezi-3 e-Australia.

Zonke izinhlobo ziyinyoni enkulu yezinyamazane. Ngakho-ke, omncane kunabo bonke, ukhozi lwe-Spilornis klossi, inobude obungama-40 cm futhi inesisindo esingu-450 amagremu. Abantu abadala bezilwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke (ukhozi oluyimpuphu, ukhozi lwegolide) lufika ku-7 kg futhi lube nobude ukusuka kuqhwaku lomsila ngaphezu kwemitha eyi-1

Izinyoni zinombono omuhle kakhulu we-binocular, obukhali bawo obuphindwe izikhathi ezingama-3,6 kunobomuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlome ngezihlakala ezibukhali ezithuthukisiwe, ama-paws anamandla futhi ayakwazi ukushesha ngenkathi indiza ifinyelela ku-250 km / h.

Zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni ziyagomela, okungukuthi, zakha umbhangqwana owodwa wokuphila. Ngokwemvelo, abantu abathile bezinhlobo ezithile bangaphila iminyaka engama-25. Izinyoni zifinyelela eminyakeni yokuthomba ngeminyaka engu-4-7. Njengomthetho, bakha izidleke zabo eziphakeme ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba (ezindaweni ezinamadwala, emagatsheni esihlahla aminyene). Izinyoni zowesifazane ziphindwe cishe izikhathi ezingama-1.5 kunabesilisa. Owesifazane uvame ukubeka amaqanda ama-2, kuthiwe kuphume inkukhu eyodwa kuphela. Isikhathi sokuzala kwezinhlobo ezahlukene siqala ngoJanuwari futhi siqhubeke kuze kube uMashi. Insikazi ihlala emaqanda cishe izinsuku ezingama-45, kepha owesilisa ungamsiza kulokhu. Abazali bondla amathole abo izinyanga ezi-3, emva kwalokho uyaphuma esidlekeni.

Isici sezinkozi ukuthi cishe zonke izinhlobo zazo ziphila impilo yokuhlala, futhi zifuduka kuphela uma ukudla kwazo kuncishiswa kakhulu ebusika. Izimbumbulu ngazinye zilawula indawo engamakhilomitha-skwele, lapho inezidleke eziningana, ezizisebenzisa ngokuhlukile. Kuyamangaza ukuthi isidleke esisodwa sikhonze izinyoni iminyaka eminingana. Bafaka amagatsha amasha kuwo, ngakho-ke isidleke singafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,5 ukuphakama.

Ngaphezu kwalokho esihlokweni, sidingida ukuthi ziyini izinkozi.

Inkukhu yokhozi. Incazelo

Ukhozi luyizinyoni ezidla inyama zomndeni wakwaHawk. Zinezimpiko zomzimba ezihehayo, ezibanzi, ezihlaba umxhwele. Ezinye izici ezihlukile zalezi zinyoni:

uqine, ubukhali, ugobile ekugcineni komlomo,

• intamo enkulu
• ikhanda elincane
• Amehlo ahlala phansi
• izicubu zomzimba ezinemisipha,
• izindwani ezinde, eziyindilinga, ezibukhali emilenzeni.

Kuyo yonke impilo, amahlwili kanye noqhwaku lwokhozi kunempahla yokukhula. Kepha leli khono lincishiswa ngokugaya kwabo kancane kancane.

Izinkozi ziyakwazi ukukhuphuka ziye phezulu ukuphakama, kufinyelela kumamitha angama-700. Ukumamatheka kwalezi zinyoni ezidla inyama akuqondi kahle. Ukuzwa kusetshenziselwa kuphela ukuxhumana nomunye.

Abesilisa bavame ukuba mncane kunabesifazane. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zezinkozi zikhulu. Isisindo somuntu omdala singafinyelela ku-6 kg. Ubude bomzimba buhlukahluka kusuka ku-0.8 kuya ku-0.95 m. Okuhlukile kokhozi olugqamile kanye nolokhozi oluncane.

Izimpiko zamaphiko okhozi zingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5.Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kube nokukhuphuka okude ngaphezulu komhlaba.

Isigaba somsila sifinyeziwe. Njengoba kungabonakala esithombeni sezinkozi, kwezinye izinhlobo zomsila zinesimo esinjenge-fan. Izikhungo ezingaphansi kwe-crested kanye nezase-Afrika eziqoshwe phansi zihlukaniswa umqhele wezimpaphe ezinde emakhanda abo.

Umbala weplamu uxhomekeka kokubhalisiwe. Umbala ungasekelwa zombili ithoni efanayo ne-mosagated, nangokuhlukahluka okuningi.

Ukundiza kwenyoni edla inyama yokhozi kungumbono obonayo. Ihlukaniswa nge-maneuverability nokushaywa ngamandla. Lesi sidalwa esimangalisayo asesabi umoya. Lapho ibona isisulu, iyakwazi ukwehla, ikhuphule isivinini esifinyelela ku-320 km / h.

Izinkozi ziphila cishe iminyaka engama-30. Ezinye izinhlobo zingaphila iminyaka engama-50.

Izinhlobo zezinkozi nezindawo zazo zokusabalalisa

Ukuze uphendule umbuzo wokuthi ukhozi luzingela kanjani, okokuqala kufanele uthole ukuthi lukhona yini uhlobo lwezilwane nokuthi luhlala kuphi.

Le nyoni enkulu ingowomndeni wakwaHawk, omelelwa ngohlobo oluthile lozalo. Uhlobo lwokhozi lubandakanya izinhlobo eziningana zalezi zinyoni. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukhozi lwegolide, noma ukhozi wasebukhosini. Ihlala eNyakatho Nenkabazwe (i-Eurasia, eNyakatho Melika). Izinhlobo, njengomthetho, ezindaweni zezintaba.
• UPhilippine ukhozi. Igama, ungaqagela ukuthi uhlala ehlathini ePhilippines.
• Harpy South American. Lolu hlobo luhlala ehlathini laseNingizimu Melika.
• Ukhozi lwempi. Indawo ehlala kuyo iyingxenye esenyakatho yezwekazi lase-Afrika.
• Ukhozi oluphawu luwuphawu lwe-USA. Lolu hlobo luvame eNyakatho Melika.

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezimelwe, kutholakala kuphela ukhozi wegolide (cishe ngamabili ama-1000) endaweni yaseRussia.

Izimfanelo zomzingeli ozelwe

Kungani ukhozi lubhekwa njengenkosi yesikhala somoya kanye nomzingeli oshesha kakhulu nononya? Kunezizathu ezinhle zalokhu:

• Ubukhulu bezinyoni. Isisindo sazo singafinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-7 (izinsikazi zilinganiselwa ku-1.5 izikhathi ezikhudlwana kunabesilisa), ubude ukusuka empini yomsila kuya kuqhwaku budlula imitha eyi-1, kanti amaphiko afinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5.
• Ijubane lendiza. Lapho ukhozi luhlolisisa inyamazane yalo ukusuka phezulu, luhamba ngesivinini esingama-45-50 km / h, kepha ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yisisulu lelijubane lingakhuphuka ngezikhathi ezingama-5-6.
• Uzipho onamandla nezidladla. Esiwombeni ngasinye sale nyoni kukhona uzipho ezintathu ngaphambili nesigaxa sendlu eyodwa, okuvumela ukubhoboza nokubamba inyamazane. Ngesikhathi sokunwebulwa kwemichilo, ukhozi luyakwazi ukudala umfutho ophindwe izikhathi eziyi-15 kunalolomuntu.
• Isici sesakhiwo soqhwaku. Kukhulu ngokulingana, kusinda futhi kuneziphetho ezansi ezilinganiswe. Le ndlela yomlomo ihlinzeka nge-aerodynamics ephelele ngenkathi indiza futhi iyithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokudwengula inyama yalowo ohlukunyeziwe.
• Umbono omuhle. Lapha, kufanele kuqashelwe izici eziningana: okokuqala, ukuqoqwa kwezigaba nezinduku ezisethombeni lamehlo enyoni kuphakeme kunokwabantu, lokhu kuyivumela ukuba ibone ngokusobala izinduku ezincane ukusuka ebangeni lamamitha ayikhulu, futhi umbono wombala wenza kube lula ukuthi inyoni ihlukanise phakathi kwesisulu esinqunyelwe futhi terrain, okwesibili, i-retina yokhozi inezigcawu ezimbili ezine-receptors ephezulu, okungukuthi, inyoni iyakwazi ukusesha ngasikhathi sinye inyamazane yaso futhi iqaphe indlela yokundiza, okwesithathu, i-volumetric angle of ukubonakala kwokhozi ifinyelela ngokoqobo I-Ki 4pi steradian, okungukuthi, ibona yonke into emzungezile, lokhu akubangelwa kuphela usayizi omkhulu wamehlo nendawo akuzo zombili izinhloko zekhanda, kodwa futhi nokuhamba okuphezulu kakhulu kwentamo, okwazi ukujikeleza u-270 °.