I-Saint bernard - Uhlobo olukhulu lokuqapha lwezinja. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kwaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu njengenja - umqaphi. Wakuthola njengengqondo ukukhula kwakhe okukhulu kokhokho bakhe, okuthe emithanjeni yakhe igazi lezikhumba zaseTibetan neGreat Danes. Umhlambi lo waba negama lakhe ukuhlonipha isigodlo sezindela saseSt Bernard, esiseSwitzerland Alps. Indaba ihamba ngokuthi ngekhulu leshumi nanye, indela uBernard yakha indawo yabahambi abakhathele.

Ibisendaweni edlulayo iGreater Saint - Bernard, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-2472. Ngenxa yomoya onamandla, ingozi yama-avaloch, imisele nokuwela, lokhu kuyindawo enzima futhi eyingozi kubahambi. Kugcinwe izinja zasendaweni yezindela, zinesikhumba esinsundu nejazi eliminyene elizivikela eqhweni naseqandeni. Babedume ngephunga labo elibukhali ngokungafaniyo kanye nekhono lokuthola abantu abathintwe yi-avalanches. Ngalezo zinsuku, iSt Bernard ibibukeka ihluke kakhulu kwesimthandayo namuhla uBeethoven, iqhawe lefilimu elinegama elifanayo. Ukuzalela akukukhulu kangangokuba kwavumela ukuthi ihambe ngenkuthalo.

Owayedume kakhulu kwakunguSt. Bernard owayedume ngokuthi "Barry", wakwazi ukuthola eqhweni wasindisa izimpilo zabantu abangama-40. Lakanye wathola umfana omncane eqhweni waphatha amakhilomitha amahlanu aya esigodlweni sezindela. NgoMashi 15, 1884, iSwitzerland St. Bernard Club yasungulwa eBasel. NgoJuni 2, 1887, iSanta Bernard yaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni njengohlobo lwaseSwitzerland, futhi kwajwayelekile kwathiwa lokho kufanelekile. Ukuzalaniswa okuphelele kohlobo lwe-purebred kwaqala ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Kuze kube manje, iSt Bernard iya ngokuya isetshenziswa njengonogada noma inja ehambisana nayo.

Ukuchazwa kokuzalela kwe-Saint Bernard kanye ne-FCI standard

Photo of St. Bernard ekukhuleni okugcwele eduze nomfula

1. Izwe Lendabuko: ISwitzerland.
2. Indawo: umlingani, unogada kanye nenja yepulazi.
3. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-FCI: Iqembu 2 (i-Pinschers kanye ne-Schnauzers, izinhlobo zohlobo lweMolossoid, Izinja ZaseSwitzerland nezinye izinhlobo). Isigaba 2.2 (Uhlobo lwezinja zohlobo lweMolossian, izinja zokwalusa i-Mountain). Ngaphandle kwezilingo ezisebenzayo.
4. Ukubuka okujwayelekile: ISt Bernard yezinhlobo ezimbili:
   1. IShorthair
   2. I-Longhair

   Izinja zalezi zinhlobo zombili zinobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele, umzimba olinganiselayo, oqinile futhi onemisipha, ikhanda elikhulu futhi elinamehlo.

5. Izilinganiso ezibalulekile:
   1. isilinganiso sokuphakama lapho sibuna size sibe nobude bomzimba (okulinganiswa kusuka endaweni yephuzu kuya kweshubhu lesikhumba) ngokufanele ngu-9: 10.
   2. ukujula kwe-sternum kucishe kube yingxenye yokuphakama lapho kubuna.
   3. isilinganiso sokujula kwe-muzzle kuya kubude be-muzzle cishe 2: 1.
   4. ubude be-muzzle kancane ngaphezu kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ubude bekhanda.

   

   Photo St Bernard ekhoneni

   

   Kulesi sithombe, kunamandla futhi uzinikele uSt Bernard

   • Abesilisa abancane. 70 cm - max. 90 cm
   • Amabhentshi amaminithi. 65 cm - max. 80 cm

   Izinja ezinokukhula okuphezulu ngokweqile azijeziswa uma okweqile kungaphuli inani lesakhiwo nokunyakaza okulungile.

   QAPHELA: Izilwane zesilisa kufanele zibe nama-testicles amabili ajwayelekile ehlele ngokuphelele ku-scrotum.

   Umbala weSanta Bernard

   

   Little St Bernard puppy - isithombe otshanini

   Umbala oyinhloko weSt Bernard umhlophe ngombala obomvana. Amamaki avumelekile ngosayizi ohlukile ukusuka kubomvu-nsundu kuya ku-brown brown. Emuva nasezinhlangothini, kwamukelwa ubukhona bengubo “eqinile” noma ebomvu “enombala obomvu”; kuthathwa umucu omnyama ekhanda. Umbala obomvu ngamahlosi nemibala ephuzi e-brownish wamukelekile. Ukufakwa okuncane komnyama kuleli cala akubhekwa njengesici. Esifubeni, emilenzeni, esiqongweni somsila, esixekweni nasezintanjeni kukhona amamaki amhlophe abophekile.

   Amamaki afiselekayo: Ikhola emhlophe nemisipha - imaskhi emnyama enomlinganiso.

   Isimilo se-bernard enhle

   ISanta Bernard iyinhlobo ehlakaniphile, ehlala ilwela ukujabulisa umniniyo. Kubolekwa kahle ekuqeqeshweni, futhi nakanjani kudinga ukuqeqeshwa kusuka ebuhlungwini. Ngokubanika ubukhulu namandla esilwane sasekhaya esikhulile, kumele akuthobele, futhi ulalele ngegama lokuqala.

   USanta Bernard uzisungule njengomlindi omkhulu. Naphezu kwesimo sakhe esizolile nesinokulinganisela, ukubonakala kwakhe yedwa kwenza abantu abaningi bazizwe besaba futhi bemhlonipha.

   Ngokwemvelo, iSt Bernards ithule, okuyisisekelo-sici kubalingiswa babameleli abaningi bezinhlobo ezinkulu. Izwi likhala njengesimo esiphuthumayo, uma likhonkotha, kungcono ukunaka futhi uthole imbangela yokukhathazeka. Noma zihamba kancane, zingaphezu kokuncishiswa ngamandla amakhulu nephunga elihle kakhulu. Uzinikele ngokungapheli kumnikazi futhi uthanda amalungu omndeni ngaphandle kokukhetha. Ngidinga kakhulu ukuxhumana nabantu, ngicindezelekile isikhathi eside ngingedwa. Hambisana kahle nezilwane ezifuywayo ezahlukahlukene.

   Bayazithanda izingane futhi bayakuthanda ukudlala nazo. Qiniseka ukuthi imindeni enakekela izingane ezincane. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu, ingalimaza ingane ngokungazi. Udume ngokuzihlelela kwakhe kahle esikhaleni, angayithola kalula indlela yakhe egodukayo.

   

   Izithombe "indlovu ne-pug"

   Ayilungele ukulondolozwa efulethini ledolobha, ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu. Okwakhe, okuqukethwe endlini yezwe kanye nendiza enkulu indawo.

   Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthenga iSt Bernard, khumbula ukuthi udinga ukuvivinya umzimba okulinganiselayo nokuhamba okuphoqelekile kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu. Uthanda ukuhamba kakhulu futhi uchitha amahora amaningi emoyeni omusha. Akumele agijime futhi agxume kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi kwanele ukuhamba ngokuqinile epaki.

   Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwe-Saint Bernard

   

   USanta Bernard ukhombisa isithombe

   Ukunakekela iSt Bernard akunzima kakhulu, kepha kuthatha isikhathi. Inja enkulu futhi, ngokufanelekile, izinqubo zokuhlanzeka zizothatha isikhathi.

   Ijazi linobukhulu obuphindwe kabili, liqukethe izinwele ezingaphandle ezinzima nezangaphansi ezithambile, ezichitha. Ukuhlanza kuyinto yasentwasahlobo yesizini - ekwindla, kuningi. Ngokudla okungafanele, izifo zesikhumba, izimuncagazi noma ukugcina inja egumbini elinomoya omile, ofudumele, izinwele ziba buthuntu futhi zibe mncane, ngokulandelana, futhi ukuncibilika kungaqhubeka unyaka wonke. Ijazi eliwugqinsi leSt. Bernard ligcina isimo sokushisa esifanele futhi livikele inja ekubandeni nasemoyeni, futhi nesakhiwo esiqinile soboya siyivumela ukuba ingagudluki futhi ingaphanjaniswa, okwenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa.

   Hlanganisa izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto nge-comb noma namazinyo ngamazinyo amade, bese usebenzisa ne-curler. Okokuqala hlangana nokukhula koboya, bese-ke, kuphambana nokuya ngakokukhula kwayo. Izinwele ezinde futhi ezithambile ngemuva kwezindlebe, entanyeni, ngaphansi kwesifuba, umsila okhalweni kukhululwa ikakhulukazi ngokucophelela.

   Ukuhlanganisa kuqala ngentamo, bese kancane kancane uye ezinhlangothini, esifubeni, emilenzeni bese kuthi ekugcineni uhlanganise umsila. Uboya emsileni ophakathi buhlukaniswe ngokuhlukaniswa, bese kuncibilika uhlangothi ngalunye. Uboya obuwile buhlukaniswe ngokucophelela ngesandla, indawo elondoloziwe yoboya igcotshwe kahle. Ngendlela efanayo, ama-burdocks noma ameva ayakhishwa.

   Qiniseka ukuthi ukugcina indawo yokuphumula isilwane ihlanzekile: vula okokulala noma okokugcwala amahlandla ama-1-2 ngesonto, ugeze njengoba zingcola. Sula phansi phansi kwendwangu ngendwangu emanzi. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, izinwele zikaSt. Bernard kuzodingeka zikhishwe nsuku zonke nge-furminator noma ngesigaxa, ukuze zisheshe zisuse izinwele ezifile. Abafuyi abaningi abajwayeza ukwenza ukushaya uvolo efile nge-compressor.

   

   ISt Bernard ebomvu-ebomvu, isithombe ehlathini

   Kuyadingeka ukugeza kuyaqabukela, amahlandla ama-2 ngonyaka noma, uma kunesidingo, nge-shampoo emnyama engathathi hlangothi yezinja. Ngemuva kokugeza, bopha izinwele ngophawu olunempilo. Ukugeza njalo ngensizi kugcoba ugesi kuzinwele, okuvikela ijazi umswakama nasekubandeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinwele ziphulukana nokuqina kwazo, ziba buthuntu futhi zibe brittle.

   • Ehlobo, abakwaSt. Bernards bathanda ukubhukuda emanzini avulekile, kepha ngemuva kwezinqubo zamanzi, qiniseka ukuthi uhlanza ijazi lesilwane esinamanzi ahlanzekile ukuze ugeze ipulangwe lomfula.
   • Ebusika, uzokujabulela ukuwa eqhweni futhi ngaleyo ndlela ayihlanze kahle ingubo yakhe enoboya. Ukuphela kwento okumelwe uyiqaphele iqhwa elifafazwe ngama-reagents.

   Ngemuva kokuhamba ngesimo sezulu esinethayo, sula umzimba, isisu nomsila weSt. Bernard ngethawula elimanzi. Geza ama-paws ngamanzi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa isihlanzisi.

   Njengoba iSt Bernard iyinhlobo enkulu enezinwele eziwugqinsi, ukugeza futhi ukomisa kuyinkqubo ethatha isikhathi kakhulu, abafuyi bezinkomba benza umsebenzi wokuhlanza owomile (i-shampoo eyomile noma i-talcum powder). I-shampoo eyomile fafaza izinwele zezinja ezomile bese uzihlikihla kuze kufike esikhunjeni. Bese uhlanganisa ngokucophelela i-powder, eheha ukungcola, i-sebum nezinwele ezilahlekile. Kepha khumbula, ukuhlanza owomile ngeke kuthathe indawo yokugeza.

   Sula njalo ubuso be-St Bernard ngethawula elivuthayo ngemuva kokudla ukuze ususe imfucumfucu yokudla ebangela iphunga elingajabulisi. Ukuzalela kuyindida, ngakho-ke i-rag ukusula ubuso izodingeka hhayi kuphela ngemuva kokudla, kepha usuku lonke. Uma ungumnikazi ojabulayo, uzodinga ama-wipes noma ama-diaper angenamanzi, ikakhulukazi izivakashi. USanta Bernard uthanda ukufaka ikhanda emadolweni akhe (siyakhumbula ukuthi ayasebenza) futhi ukugwema izehlakalo wena, njengomfuzi onokwethenjwa nothambile onomoya wokungenisa izihambi, kufanele nilungele ngaso sonke isikhathi.

   

   Amehlo eSt Bernard anempilo acacile, acwebezela ngaphandle kokubhidliza futhi omuncu. Iziqalo ezincane ezimpunga emakhoneni eso ziyamukeleka ekuseni, ngakho-ke amehlo ahlanzwa ngothuli. Ukuvimbela, sula amehlo enja kanye ngesonto nge-decoction ye-chamomile. Iso ngalinye lisulwa ngcezu olwehlukile lwezicubu ezithambile (lint free), ohlangothini olusuka ekhoneni elingaphandle liye ngaphakathi.

   Imigoqo engaphansi kwamehlo ibuye ihlanzwe njalo ukuphuma kokukhipha amehlo. Ukuqongelela okuningana kwezinyembezi nobumfihlo kuzoholela ekwakhekeni kobomvu. Uma amehlo akho ehlanzekile, kungcono ukungawathinti, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi uwahlole njalo. Hlanza idokodo lakho noma i-aviary njalo; ukungcola, uthuli noboya kungama-allergenic anzima. Uma ubona ukuqothuka kwezinhlayiya, ukuqhekeka, ukuvuvukala kwezinkophe, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wezilwane, uSt Bernard uthambekele ezifweni zamehlo futhi ukwelashwa okungalungile kuphela ngokudabukisayo.

   Hlikihla amazinyo akho izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto unamathisela izinja. Qiniseka ukuthi ufaka ukudla okuqinile ekudleni, okuhlanza ngokomshini uhlaka ngesikhathi sokuhlafuna, notamatisi abasha bavimba ukubukeka kwe-tartar.

   

   Kufanekiselwa iSt Bernard puppy ngaphansi kwesihlahla

   Izindlebe zase-St. Bernard zingene kahle umoya, ngoba zingena kahle ekhanda. Badinga ukuhlolisiswa izikhathi ezingama-1-2 ngesonto ukubona izinguquko ngesikhathi futhi zivikele ukukhula kwegciwane. Ochwepheshe bezilwane batusa ukukha uboya ngaphakathi komsele wendlebe ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya omusha. Le nqubo elula yenziwa ngeminwe yakho (nsuku zonke, khipha uboya obuncane emgudwini wendlebe ukuze inja ingazizwa imnandi) noma isikwe ngesikhafu esinemiphetho emfushane.

   Enye indlela yokungenisa umoya omusha endlebeni yakho ukumane nje uguqulise izindlebe zakho njengamaphiko uvemvane futhi izindlebe zizofakwa umoya.

   Sula i-auricle kanye ngesonto ngendwangu emanzi ukususa uthuli nesibabule. Indlebe ephilile yaseSt. Bernard ngombala opinki omnandi ngaphandle kokweqile kwesibabule nephunga elingathandeki. Uma uqaphela ukuqubuka, ubomvu kwesikhumba, ukukhipha ngokweqile kwesibabule, uketshezi noma iphunga elingathandeki, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wezilwane.

   Izingubo 1 isikhathi ngenyanga zisikwa ngesisiki sezipuni zezinja ezinkulu. Ukuphuka kwezindebe ezinde kakhulu, konakalisa i-gait futhi kudale ukungaphatheki kahle lapho uhamba.

   Hlola izinyawo zakho njalo. Ama-paw pads ahlala ehlola ngemuva kokuhambahamba ukuthola ukulimala, ukuhlikihla / ukuqhekeka. Phatha wonke amanxeba nge-antiseptic, futhi uvikele ukuphahlazeka, thambisa uwoyela wemifino emaphashini futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyifaka ekudleni kwe-St Bernard yakho (ulwandle lwasemanzini olwandle, umnqumo, ulwelwesi, njll.). Amafutha athuthukisa isimo sesikhumba futhi anikeze ukuqina. Izinwele ezisezindongeni naphakathi kweminwe ziyanqunywa ukuvikela ukubonakala kwamathangazana aphazamisa ukuhamba.

   Ngokunikwa usayizi omkhulu weSt. Bernard, umjwayele izinqubo zokuhlanzeka kusukela kubudala bemveku, uma kungenjalo awukwazi ukubekezelela umuntu omdala. Amakhomu, amabhulashi, iziqeshana zezipikili namanye amathuluzi kufanele abe sendaweni lapho kunesilwane esihlala khona unomphela. Isinyane lizokujwayela iphunga lazo, futhi lingasabi ngokuzayo.

   Ngemuva kwanoma iyiphi inqubo, njalo udumise iSt Bernard yakho bese uziphatha ngokwelashwa.

   Imikhaza namazeze

   

   Izithombe zabantu abadala uSt Bernard ngemidlwane

   Njalo phatha iSt Bernard ngokumelene nama-ectoparasites, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukubona lezi zinambuzane ezincane kodwa eziyingozi kuboya obukhulu.

   1. Amaza abangela ukulunywa, ukusabela komzimba futhi kubangele ukuvela kwezikelemu uma inja ibagwinya ngenkathi iluma.
   2. Imikhaza iyingozi enkulu hhayi empilweni kuphela, kepha nasempilweni yaseSt. Bernard. Ixodid tick yisifo esiphatha i-pyroplasmosis (babesiosis) isifo esibulalayo sezinja.
   • Ukushisa komzimba okuphezulu (ngenhla kwama-degrees angama-39)
   • Uzwela, ukubekezela
   • Ukwenqaba ukudla neziphuzo
   • Umchamo obomvu
   • Imilenze yezinsikazi yehluleka
   • Imhlophe qwa yamehlo

   Uma ubona lokhu, funa usizo kudokotela wezilwane, uchwepheshe kuphela ozokwazi ukuthola futhi anikeze ukwelashwa okulungile okusindisa impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, impilo yesilwane sakho.

   Uma uthola umkhaza ngemuva kokuhamba, ungesabi, gqoka amagilavu ​​enjoloba bese usebenzisa i-tweezers ukusonta amagciwane esikhunjeni sakho ngokushukunyiswa okuyindilinga. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezizayo, qapha isimo sempilo senja uma isilwane sisebenza, sidla ngokudla, futhi singenamfiva, unenhlanhla, umkhaza uphumele obala.

   Kuze kube manje, imakethe inikezela ngemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yezinja zezinja ngokumelene namazeze namikhaza:

   Ngaphambi kokukhetha umuthi, bonana nodokotela wakho wezilwane mayelana nokuthi yikuphi okulungele iSt Bernard yakho, uma unesisindo, isimo sempilo kanye nobudala.

   

   Inja yokutakula kwentaba

   Ukuhamba: ngeshwa, iSt Bernards ithambekele kwi-dysplasia. Ngakho-ke, ukuhamba okufanele kubo kubalulekile njengokudla okufanele. Ungavumeli umdlwane ukuthi akhuphuke ngezitebhisi izinyanga ezintathu, uma uhlala esakhiweni esiphakeme kuzodingeka ukuthi umhambise ngezinyawo. Ngokuhamba njalo ngezitebhisi, ama-forelags angakavuthwa ayagoba. Isikhudlwana esikhudlwana nesisindayo, kulapho sithambekele khona kulokhu. Angakhuphuka izitebhisi ngokuzimela ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu. Uma uhlala endlini yangasese, kuzoba wusizo kuye ukuthi achithe isikhathi ngaphandle, kepha kufanele ajwayele umgwaqo kancane kancane.

   • Ukuhamba kwezinyane lezingane laseSt. Bahamba ngedlwana kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala 4-5 ngosuku, khona-ke ungabajwayela ukuhamba ngezikhathi ezi-3. Kuyadingeka ukuhamba i-puppy ukuze ithole ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ukuze ikhule kahle.
   • Ukuhamba kubantu asebekhulile nabadala iSt Bernard yinde amahora angama-1.5 ukuya kwangu-3 futhi isebenza ngokulinganisela, nezinto zokuziqeqesha, imidlalo, ukuhamba nenqubo yemfundo, into esemqoka ukungabi bikho kokuzivocavoca okhathala nokukhathala.

   Edolobheni, hamba inja ibaleke, futhi usuka enhlwitheni, kancane kancane ujwayele ukuzwakala, uma uzohamba ezindaweni eziphithizelayo. Akesabi imvula, iqhwa nomoya, iSt Bernard ivumelaniswe kahle nezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene futhi izizwa imnandi, iyawa eqhweni.

   Ekushiseni kwehlobo, nakekela iSt Bernard kusuka ekushiseni ngokweqile. Ukuhamba neSt Bernard kunconyelwa ekuseni kuze kube ngu-12:00 nakusihlwa emva kwamahora angama-5, lapho ukushisa kungabonakali kangako. Uma unengadi yakho, lapho uSt Bernard ethanda ukuhamba kuyo, qiniseka ukuthi wakhe i-canopy ukuze uphumule inja emthunzini.Kunconywa ukuhamba ngaphambi kokondla, kokubili ekuseni nakusihlwa. Inja kufanele iphumule ngemuva kokudla ukumuncwa okujwayelekile.

   Isinambuzane saseSt. Bernard ngokuhambahamba kufanelekile nge-harness, kulula ukuyishintsha kanye ne-canvas noma i-lesash leash. Umuntu omdala uSt Bernard ugqoke ikholaji (isikhumba noma i-tarpaulin noma ijezi ye-chain) kanye ne-leash ngokulandelana ngokuqinile (i-tarpaulin, isikhumba) ubude obungu-1.5-3 m. Uzodinga nomthwali we-lead-carriers engu-0.25-0.50 cm ukuthola izintaba ezigcwele abantu (umtholampilo wezilwane, isitolo, njll.).

   Amathoyizi: hlinzeka isilwane sakho ngamathoyizi wezinja: amabhola, amathambo ahlafuna amathoyizi, namathambo ezintambo namathoyizi enziwe ngenjoloba, ngaphandle kwalokho zonke izinto azitholayo uma edla noma ezigundile. Kodwa amathoyizi kuphela ngeke abe anele, iSt Bernard idinga ukuxhumana njalo nabantu. Badinga ukubhekana futhi banikele isikhathi esifana nengane yabo, badlale, baqeqeshe amaqembu futhi bafundise.

   ISt Bernards, njengezinja eziningi zemihlambi emikhulu, evuthwe isikhathi eside, kuze kube yiminyaka emibili yobudala iyingane enkulu, yize ngokubukeka iyinja enkulu eyakheke ngokuphelele. Uma ungumuntu omatasatasa futhi ongahlose ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi, cabanga ngokukhetha omunye uhlobo olusha olungenankinga.

   Izici zokuphepha nezokuqapha

   Abantu abaningi babiza uSanta Bernard njengenja engcwele, konke ngenxa yobuqhawe obukhonjiswa ngabamele lolu hlobo lokuzalwa. Izimpilo zabantu abangaphezu kwenkulungwane zisindiswe eSwitzerland Alps ngabakwaSt. Bernards.

   Le inja enkulu kakhulu futhi engesabi, ibukeka iyesabisa kakhulu, ukubukeka kwayo okunamandla kungesabisa noma yimuphi umuntu. Eqinisweni, iSt Bernard inomlingiswa onobuntu obuhle, omnene. Angaba umngane nomngane ozinikele.

   Umlando wokuzala

   Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo iSt Bernard yiSwitzerland. Igama lohlobo ngohlobo lokuhumusha luzwakala sengathi "yinja yaseSt Bernard." Imvelaphi yegama inomlando wayo. Ngekhulu leshumi nanye, indela egama linguBernard yasungula indawo yokukhosela eGreater St. Bernard Pass. Indawo okwakukhoselwa kuyo indawo yokuhlala yayisendaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-2472.

   Lesi siza siyingozi kakhulu, izingozi eziningi zilindele abahambi kulo mzila: abaphangi, imimoya enamandla, ukuhlangana kwama-avalaki, ukuwela izintaba okuvunguza. Endlini yokukhosela eBernard, izihambi zazithola ithuba lokuphumula, ukudla nokulala ngaphambi kokuba ziqhubeke nendlela eyingozi. Izinja zasendaweni zabizwa iSt Bernards, zazingabasizi ababalulekile kubanikazi, futhi kamuva baba abahlengi abangenakuqhathaniswa.

   Imvelaphi yeSt Bernards ayikasungulwa ngokuqondile. Ngokweminye imibiko, abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalwa bavela belwa nama-mastiffs afika kuma-Alps namaRoma. Kukhona enye inguqulo, ngokusho ukuthi iSt Bernards yehla ezinjeni ezinjengezinja zase-Eshiya (ama-Tibetan mastiffs). Kuwona womabili la macala okuqala nawesibili, ama-mastiffs awela kanye nezinja zasendaweni, imidlwane etholakele yabizwa ngokuthi yiSt Bernards.

   Ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, izindela, zibonga amandla weSt Bernards, zanquma ukuzisebenzisa ukusindisa abantu abawela ngaphansi kweqhwa leqhwa. Iqiniso ngukuthi abamele lezi zinhlobo banephunga elikhethekile, sibonga ukuthi inja yayingamunca umuntu ngaphansi kwengqimba yeqhwa. Lezi zinja futhi zinesikhumba esindayo esivikela iqhwa, iqhwa nesithwathwa. Imvamisa abakwa-St Bernards babehamba nabo endleleni. Abavikelanga kuphela abanikazi kubanukubezi nakubaphangi, kodwa futhi baxwayise nangendlela yama-avalanches. Inja yalolu hlobo lwenhlobo iyakwazi ukuzizwa ingumdlandla imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokuhlangana kwayo. Isipho esinje sisizile ukusindisa izimpilo eziningi.

   Okhokho baseSt Bernards bahluke ezizukulwaneni zabo zanamuhla. Zazingenzima kangako, umzimba wazo ungabizwa ngokuthi muhle ngokwengeziwe. Lokhu kwasiza ukunyakaza eqhweni futhi kwenza izinja zaguga futhi zishesha. Abamele banamuhla abazalanayo bakhulu kakhulu, banamandla ngokwengeziwe, kepha ngasikhathi sinye bayaguga.

   I-Saint Bernards eqinisekisiwe eqinisekisiwe yaqala ukuphela kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Ngaphandle kokuthi abahlengi bezintaba manje sebenazo zonke izinhlobo zemishini abanayo, izinja zisasetshenziswa emisebenzini yokutakula. Kepha ezimweni eziningi, abakwaSt. Bernards bangabaqaphi abakhulu, abangane, izinja ezihambisana nazo nezilwane ezifuywayo nje.

   Okujwayelekile

   

   I-Saint Bernard ingeyamadolo amakhulu wohlobo oluhlaza. Lezi yizilwane ezinamandla; zinezinwele ezithambile nezinezinwele ezilukhuni. Isisindo Sabantu Abadala Mayelana 70 kg., ukukhula 70-90 cm.

   Ikhanda elikhulu liphumula entanyeni enamandla ngokumiswa okuncane. Isigaxa sisifushane, ibunzi ligqamile. Izindlebe ezincane, eziphakathi nendawo. Amehlo ansundu awashonile, amile ilanga. Amajwabu aluhlaza. I-muzzle imfushane, inebhuloho lekhala elimnyama. Ekhaleni libanzi, elimnyama linamakhalenda asicaba. Imihlathi inkulu.

   Umzimba unamandla, emuva kubanzi. Izimbambo zihlukane kakhulu, zinemisipha, ziqondile. Amaphayi amakhulu, anezinzwane ezigigiyisiwe. Umsila unesisindo, eside. Njengoba inesimo ezolile, inja iyigcina ihlala phansi, esimweni esijabulisayo ifinyelela phezulu.

   Ngohlobo loboya, iSt Bernards zingezinhlobo ezimbili: Izinwele ezinde nezinwele ezimfushane:

   1. I-Longhair - ijazi lide, lithambile. Phansi, ama-curls akhanyayo avunyelwe. Kukhona undercoat ewugqinsi. "Ibhulukwe" kanye "nesiketi" sobude obuphakathi. Isici esivelelayo sohlobo lokuzalela yikhola ebabazekayo. Ebusweni nasezindlebeni, izinwele zimfushane.
   2. IShorthair - ijazi lifushane, ezinye izinwele zilukhuni. Kukhona undercoat eminyene.

   Umbala ubomvu ngombala omhlophe noma omhlophe onamabala abomvu. Ngokwesilinganiso, noma yimuphi umthunzi wombala obomvu uvunyelwe.

   

   ISt Bernard ilungele izindlu zokuhlala izindiza nezindlu. Yize inja enkulu izizwa ingakhululekile kakhulu emakamelweni acindezelwe. Uma inja enjalo ihlala endlini, izodinga ukuhamba okude kwansuku zonke. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi isilwane asikutholi ukushisa okushisayo lapho kushisa. Kuyafaneleka ukubheka ukuthi abamele izinhlobo zohlobo lokushisa bathambekele ekushiseni ngokweqile.

   Ngenkathi imidlwane encanyana ikuthokozela ukugijima, gxuma, idlala imidlalo esebenzayo, abantu abadala abakuthandi ngempela ukuhlangana. Lawa ma-weightweight awadingi ukuzikhandla ngokweqile komzimba, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi umuntu omdala wase-St Bernard akadingi ukunyakaza.

   Ukuze isilwane sibe sihle futhi siphilile, kubalulekile ukwenza lezi zinqubo ezilandelayo:

   • Izinwele ezinde ezinezinwele ezinde zaseSt. Bernard nsuku zonke ngebhulashi elukhuni. Akunzima ukwenza lokhu, ngoba izinwele zabamele abazalanisi azikhiphizi futhi azisuki. Shorthair ngokwanele ukuhlanganisa ukuphuma izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngesonto. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa, okwenzeka kabili ngonyaka, iSt Bernards ngejazi elifushane kufanele kukhululwe nsuku zonke.
   • Imvamisa ukugeza iSt Bernard akunconywa. Uboya bazo bune-lubricant ekhethekile eyenza ingangeni manzi. Uma ugeza inja yakho kaningi, ungqimba olungokwemvelo lokugcotshwa okunjalo luzophazamiseka. Ukugeza kunconywa kanye njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma ezimweni zokungcola okukhulu. Isikhathi esisele udinga kuphela ukugeza ama-paws akho ngemuva kokuhamba. Njengomshini wokuhlanza, sebenzisa i-shampoo emnene eyakhelwe izinwele zezinja.
   • Ngenxa yokuthi abakwaSt. Bernards bavame ukudonsa kakhulu, kufanele basule imilomo yabo ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba lokhu kufanele kube nethawula elenziwe ngendwangu yemvelo ekubambeni.
   • Sula amehlo akho nsuku zonke ngezicubu ezifakwa emanzini abilisiwe noma kusisombululo esibuthakathaka se-chamomile yasekhemisi. ESt Bernards, imvamisa igeleza ivele emehlweni, ngakho-ke le nqubo ibalulekile.
   • Njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-7-8, sixubha amazinyo nezindlebe zezilwane ezifuywayo.
   • Sika izipikili njengoba zikhula. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimali inja.

   Ukondla i-Saint Bernard kunconyelwa ngemikhiqizo yemvelo, noma okuphakelayo okwenziwe ngomumo okwenzelwe izinhlobo ezinkulu zezinja nakho kufanelekile. Into esemqoka ukuthi ukudla kuyalingana. Ngokudla kwemvelo, inyama, i-offal, okusanhlamvu, imifino kumele ibe khona ekudleni. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo kanye nenombolo yamakhalori. Uma inja ithole isisindo ngokweqile, ukungena kwe-khalori kufanele kuncishiswe.

   Ezempilo

   

   Ngeshwa, isikhathi sokuphila seSt Bernards asiside kakhulu. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, inja enjalo ingaphila iminyaka engu-8-10. Umnikazi wesilwane kufanele azi ukuthi yiziphi izifo ezisetshenziselwa ukuzalanisa:

   • I-Dysplasia - kuholela ku-lameness, ehambisana nobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki
   • Izifo zesisu - Uhudo, ukuqina kwamathumbu, ukuqhakaza.
   • Zehle izinyembezi.
   • Ukuhlukaniswa.
   • Isithuthwane - Kuhambisana nokuphelelwa ngamandla kokunyakaza, ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okungahleliwe.
   • ILymphoma - uhlobo lomdlavuza, olunqunywa ukuba khona kwamangqamuzana amabi abomvu amhlophe abizwa ngokuthi ama-lymphocyte ezithweni ezifana nomongo wamathambo, isibindi, ibunzi, ama-lymph node nabanye.
   • Izithulu - Ngokuvamile kuvame ukuzalwa.
   • I-Pyoderma - Isifo sesikhumba ngendlela yokuqongelela ubomvu.
   • I-Osteosarcoma.
   • Kunwetshiwe i-cardiomyopathy.

   Iphuzu elibuthakathaka leSt Bernards ngamehlo. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi zihlala zinamanzi, kunezifo eziningi ezithinta isitho esibonakalayo sohlobo: I-cherry iso, inversion inversion, i-eyelid inversion, i-cataract. Kuyajabulisa futhi ukuthi iSt Bernards inconyelwe ukususa ijwabu leso lesithathu.

   Isimilo

   

   Inhloso enkulu yeSt Bernard ngumtakuli. Kungakho lezi zinja zingenakuba zodwa. Badinga ukuxhumana, kumele ngaso sonke isikhathi babe phakathi kwabantu noma izilwane ezifuywayo. USt Bernard osesinxanxathela angawela esimweni sokuxineka, kuye kwaba nezimo lapho inja evela isizungu yayizilimaza yona.

   Izici eziphambili zomlingiswa weSt Bernard: ubungani, ukwanela, ukuzola, isibindi, ubumnene. Lesi isilwane esifanelekile emindenini enezingane. Inja enje ayikwazi ukucasula ingane, izodlala nezingane, izivikele futhi inakekele izingane.

   USanta Bernard uhlala efuna ukujabulisa umniniyo. Uzinikele kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni. Lapho bebona inja enkulu kangaka, abantu abangajwayelene nemvelo yalesi silwane bayasaba. Vele, ezimweni eziyingozi, iSt Bernard ingamelana nomndeni wayo, ungukuqapha nomqaphi omuhle kakhulu. Kepha ngokwejwayelekile, uzolile, unele futhi akanalo ulaka.

   Abamele lo mfuzo banomqondo oqinile wephunga, banamandla futhi baqine, kepha ngenxa yesisindo sabo esikhulu nomzimba omkhulu banciphile. ISanta Bernards ikhonkotha kakhulu, kuphela ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Uma inja enjalo inikeze izwi, khona-ke lesi kwakuyisizathu esihle. Futhi, abakwaSt Bernards bazi kahle isikhala futhi kusukela kude bayakwazi ukuzitholela bebodwa.

   Ukuqeqeshwa nemfundo

   

   ISt Bernard idinga ukuba nomphakathi ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokuqeqeshwa kanzima. Inja enkulu kangako kumele ifundiswe futhi ilalele, uma kungenjalo iyoba engalawuleki futhi ibe yingozi. Kuyadingeka ukufundisa futhi uhlanganyele ekuqeqeshweni kusuka ebuhlungwini. Umdlwane kumele ayazi kahle imiyalo eyisisekelo, elula ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala emihlanu.

   Omunye wemithetho eyinhloko ukuthi uSanta Bernard akufanele agxume kumnikazi noma kwamanye amalungu omndeni. Inja enesisindo esingama-80-90 kg. angafaka kalula umuntu omdala emahlombe akhe. Ukuziphatha okuhle nemithetho yokuziphatha ezindaweni zomphakathi kufaka inja nge-malka.

   Kunconyelwa izifundo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuqeqeshwa kwezifundo ezikhethekile. Uma ungaqiniseki ngamakhono akho, sebenzisa izinsizakalo zesiphathi senja. Ngemuva kokuphothula isifundo esiphambili, khetha inkambo enenkomba ethile, kuya kulokho ofuna ukuyilungiselela inja.

   Amaqiniso athakazelisayo

   • Igama lokuqala lohlobo kwakungu "Barry", okusho ukuthi "amabhere".
   • Ngenkathi uthunyelwa uSanta Bernard eyofuna owesilisa ezintabeni ezinamaqhwa, kwafakwa umgqomo ogcwele brandy kukhokhole wakhe. Lapho inja yokutakula ithola indoda ngaphansi kokuqhaqhwa kweqhwa, onenkinga eqandisiwe angaphuza isiphuzo esiqabulayo. Kukholelwa ukuthi le ndaba imane inganekwane, kepha kukhona iqiniso kuyo yonke inganekwane.
   • Phakathi kuka-1800 no-1812, iSt Bernard egama linguBarry yasindisa abantu abangama-40. Lakanye inja eqhweni ejulile yathatha ingane encane. Ukuletha ingane endlini yezindela eyongelayo, inja bekufanele ihambe amakhilomitha ama-5.
   • Ngaphambi kokuba abahlanguli, iSt Bernards yayisetshenziswa njengezilwane zokupakisha. Emuva kwabo bebanzi, izinto ezazithuthwa zazithuthwa ngendlela yezintaba ezixhumanisa i-Italy neSwitzerland.
   • Bangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili abantu abasindiswe ngabakwaSt Bernards kule minyaka engamakhulu amabili edlule.
   • AbakwaSanta Bernards ngabalingisi abakhulu bama-movie. Kwadutshulwa amafilimu amaningi ngokubamba iqhaza kwabamele lolu hlobo: "Beethoven", "Kujo", "Emuva", "Bagheera", "Felix".

   Izinzuzo kanye nezinzuzo zohlobo

   

   USanta Bernard angaba yinja enhle yomngane. Le nja iyakwazi ukuzimela yona nomndeni wayo. Kepha ukuze ukhule futhi ufundise kahle iSanta Bernard, udinga ukubekezela nomsebenzi odabukisayo. Ngaphambi kokuthenga imidlwane yalolu hlobo, zijwayeze ukuthi iziphi izinzuzo nezinzuzo eziphambili zeSt Bernards.

   Izinzuzo:

   1. Ukubukeka okuhle.
   2. Unobungane, umlingiswa ozolile.
   3. Ukulula kokuqukethwe.
   4. Ukuntuleka kolaka.
   5. Ukuphepha Okuhle kakhulu kanye nezimpawu zokuqapha.
   6. Umsebenzi olinganiselayo.
   7. Ukungathembeki ekudleni.
   8. Ukuzinikela.
   9. Ukusebenza kanzima.
   10. Isimo sengqondo esihle ngokubhekisele ezinganeni.
   11. Akuvamile ukukhonkotha, kuphela uma kudingeka.

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