Ukubukeka nokuziphatha. Elikhulu, ezinemibala contrastingly usayizi nomzingeli efana ne zmiyeyid futhi ukhozi. Ubude bomzimba 52-70 cm, isisindo esingu-1-2 kg, amaphiko angama-145-170 cm, abesilisa abancane kakhulu kunowesifazane. Ikhanda lincane, linomcu omfishane ngemuva kwekhanda. Umsila of ubude amaphakathi, amaphiko zinkulu kakhulu isihlobo usayizi inyoni. Imilenze yinde, izimpaphe “ezimpofana” emlenzeni ongezansi azithuthukiswanga, ingalo ayigqokiwe, iminwe imifushane, inezinsika ezigobekile.

Incazelo. Ngaphansi kumhlophe ngokusobala ngebhande elinsundu noma lobumba esifubeni, kuvezwe kangcono kowesifazane, owesilisa - imvamisa kuphela umgexo wezimfeketho ezinsundu. Ikhanda white, kusukela Uqhwaku ngokusebenzisa iso ngemuva ekhanda futhi uya zasheyke ekwandiseni amnyama band. Ingalo yembozwe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ngezihlangu ezincane ze-polygonal, ezibonakalayo kuphela ebangeni eliseduze. Uhlangothi olungaphezulu lomzimba namaphiko lube nsundu omnyama, umehluko nekhanda elikhanyayo nomzimba ophansi. Uma ukude, phezulu sengathi okuyisidina, cishe abamnyama, kungabonwa eduze sibalo esilufifi lundiza coverts izimpaphe nezimpaphe ukubhakuzisa. Umsila ungwevu ngama bandeji amnyama anqenqemayo omnyama futhi umucu obanzi obanzi. Uthingo luphuzi ngokugqamile, uqhwaku lumnyama, i-wax selukhunyiwe futhi izingxenye ezingenamizwa zemilenze ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngo inyoni ezindizayo lubonakale amaphiko eside ezilele ayisesemikhulu, carpal phinda engela ikhishwa phambili, waveza kahle "iminwe" indiza eyinhloko izimpaphe.

Uma ubukwa kusukela ngaphambili, i-silhouette yenyoni ezindizayo ibukeka "yephukile" - amaphiko aphakanyiswa kancane ngaphezu komzimba kuze kube yilapho i-carpal fold, imiphetho yazo yehliswa. Ngaphansi kwephiko, amabala amnyama asemaphethelweni e-carpal ayashayisana, njengamabhungane nezimbungulu, nemicu emnyama ehlukanisa izimpaphe ezimboze okumhlophe kusuka ngampunga, ngenqubo encane eshintshashintshayo, izimpaphe eziphaphazelayo, njengokhozi olumnyama. Liyachuma akuvamile, ngaphambi wamshaya ulenga ukukhiqizwa emoyeni, "raking" Fist neminyango wamaphiko emuva naphambili, efana buzzards.

Kunzima ukudida i-osprey ezindizayo nezinye izinyoni ezidla inyamazane, ngokulingana nangombala. Umuntu osemusha ngokumelene nesizinda esinsundu sohlangothi olungaphezulu lomzimba namaphiko kunephethini lesikali elikhanyayo elenziwa ngemiphetho ebusayo yezimpaphe, kwikhandlela elikhanyayo kunemigudu emide yobude obude, uthingo luyi-brownish-orange. Flying nengqungqulu abasha kuhlukile ukuntuleka omdala olumnyama imigqa delimiting primaries futhi coverts izimpaphe ezibanzi bands apical phezu umsila, ngokulinganayo imbozwe imicu emincane.

Vota. Ngokuvamile kuthulekile. I-repertoire yokukhathazeka ihluke kakhulu, ukukhala okuyinhloko kushesha nge-melodic "IAS-IAS-IAS IAS-chi"Noma"kie-kie-kie-kie-kie"Uma usathandana emoyeni - kuyashesha"iip-iip-iip. "Noma"tliip-tliip. ».

Isimo Sokusabalalisa. Uhla lumboza cishe umhlaba wonke, kepha i-osprey iyindawo ethe xaxa yonke indawo. Ngo Russia - izinhlobo ezimbalwa evikelwe, ukuzalaniswa kwamahhashi kusukela ehlathini enyakatho iye esiqhingini ihlathi asemaqeleni zone. Izindiza ziyaziwa nge-tundra eseningizimu. Kuhlanganiswe neNcwadi Ebomvu yaseRussia, leli nani alizinzile ngenxa yokungcoliswa kwemvelo, ukukhathazeka, ukuwa kwezihlahla ezidlekayo, kanye nokwehla komkhiqizo wezinhlanzi wezidumbu zamanzi. Inani labantu base-ubusika Russian e-Asia nase-Afrika.

Indlela yokuphila. Idla cishe inhlanzi kuphela (enesisindo esifinyelela ku-1 kg), igxuma emva kwayo ehlobo ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-2. Njenge-ichthyophage ekhethekile, inezinto eziningi zamazinga wokuzingela okunje - izinhlayiya ezintanjeni, umunwe wangaphandle oxegayo, izindandatho ezungezwe esigabeni sesiphambano, nokunye. Esidlekeni, igxumela emachibini ahlanzekile, acebe izinhlanzi anezihlahla ezinde ezomile endaweni ephakeme. Isikhathi esiningi lezi emachibini ezinkulu, emifuleni kanye Rapids nge plosami, emabhishi kanye zolwandle Ihlathi endaweni (aseBaltic Sea mbala omhlophe). Ezindaweni ezingenamsebenzi kutholakala kuphela esikhaleni. Ezindaweni ezinaphakade zokuhlala, ngababili bavela ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa.

Ukuze kwabesilisa tokovanie Izici eziyinkimbinkimbi emoyeni. Imisive (kufika ku-1.5 m ububanzi kanye ne-1 m ukuphakama), esetshenziselwa iminyaka eminingi izidleke zamabhola we-osprey zakhiwe eziqongweni ezomile zezihlahla ezihlukile, kaningi emibhoshongweni ye-geodetic, emibhoshongweni yokudluliselwa kwamandla. Ku-clutch kuvame amaqanda ama-2 ngegobolondo elikhanyayo, embozwe amabala ansundu, ansundu noma amabala grey. Okokuqala amaphuphu downy ukuhlomisa olumhlophe ukhilimu kanye nezimagqabhagqabha ensundu, i-yesibili - ngemivimbo ensundu izindawo. Uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, izinyoni ezindala zibaleka esidlekeni, futhi amachwane acasha, ngaphandle kokuzwakalisa izwi nokuhamba kwazo, ngenxa yalokho, isidleke kubukeka sengathi asinamuntu. Izinyoni ezincane zishiya isidleke ezinyangeni ezi-2 ngemuva kokuqokwa. Ukuhamba ebusika senzeka ngo-September nango-October.

YABO BONKE KANYE NGAMUNYE WONKE

U-Osprey (lat. Pandion haliaetus) uyinyoni enkulu yezinyamazane zomndeni wakwaSkopina (lat. Pandionidae). Iningi nezinyoni ezidla inyama ihlukile kuleyo izifunzo ikakhulu izinhlanzi, ohlwithayo likhiphe amanzi. Ubude bomzimba we-osprey bungama-55-58 cm, amaphiko acishe abe ngu-1.5 m, futhi isisindo size ku-1.5 kg. Umzimba ongaphezulu onsundu, isisu, isifuba nekhanda kulula. Entanyeni - emnyama "collar", ngemehlo - imivimbo ensundu. I-iris iphuzi izinyoni ezindala, futhi ibomvu izinyoni ezincane.
Njengakwamanye ama-falcons, izinsikazi zikhulu ngandlela-thile kunabesilisa. Izwi eagle nezinkwazi zindiza - unekhwelo iDemo.

Ukugcinaonlinebird ukuphila yayo kungenzeka lapha.

Lo mdobi ongumdobi uhlala eduze nemizimba ehlukahlukene yamanzi: imifula, amachibi, amachibi, izindawo zokugcina amanzi, ngisho nogu lolwandle. Izidleke ze-Osprey zakhiwa esihlahleni, kwesinye isikhathi ebangeni elibonakalayo ukusuka emanzini (aze afike ku-5 km). Ukwakhiwa ezinkulu - up 1 m ububanzi, kuyinto evamile okusezingeni eliphezulu kusuka emhlabathini (10-20 m). U-Osprey wakhela isidleke samahlumela namagatsha, uwahlangana ngotshani kanye nolwelwe. Izinyoni zisebenzisa isidleke esidala unyaka nonyaka, zisilungisa njalo entwasahlobo. Ngo bikho kwezihlahla efanelekayo eseduze Osprey nihlela slot edwaleni.

E-clutch 2-4 amaqanda akhanyayo anamaqanda abomvu noma abomvu ansundu. Zombili lezi zinyoni zibamba iqhaza ekufukameleni. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-40 amaphuphu amaqanda dweba embozwe ezimhlophe fuzz isokhethi. Kancane kancane, wathathelwa indawo ingubo yenkukhu yesibili emnyama mpunga. Amachwane ashiya isidleke eneminyaka ecishe ibe yizinyanga ezimbili, azame ukuzitholela ukudla, kepha isikhathi esithile amantshontsho agcina ndawonye futhi nabazali bondla abancane.

ukudoba Osprey, flying phezu komfula noma echibini nokubheka amanzi. Iqaphela inyamazane, inyoni iyaqhuma endaweni eyodwa futhi ilinda kuze kube yilapho izinhlanzi zantanta ziphezulu. Ngemuva kokulinda umzuzwana ofanele, i-osprey ivele ingene emanzini, ihambise imichilo yayo ngeminwe embozwe ngezipikili ezikhethekile nemikhono ebulalayo ecijile. Ngezinye izikhathi inyoni ngisho diving engajulile inyamazane. Njenge-waterfowl, i-osprey igcoba iphunga layo ngekusitheka kwe-coccygeal gland, leyenta icishe ingangeni manzi.

Uhlobo lufuduka, ubusika e-Afrika nase-Asia. Ifika ekhaya ngo-Ephreli, ekwindla span oqala ngo-September.

Ikhamera ye-Osprey nestcam

I-Webcam esidlekeni se-osprey eLatvia. Osprey (Latin Pandion haliaetus.) - inyoni edla inyama empumalanga, ezivamile zombili ama-, owukuphela kwelungu lomndeni Skopin (Pandionidae).

Ama-Ospreys ajwayelekile emhlabeni wonke, ukuzalaniswa noma ubusika kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Antarctica.

Bahlala kuyo yonke indawo, lapho kunezindawo eziphephile zokudlela nezindawo ezinamanzi angajulile nezinhlanzi eziningi. Izidleke ngokuvamile itholakala 3-5 km kusuka amanzi: emaxhaphozini, emachibini, emifuleni noma amadamu, kodwa kungase kube wahlela indawo enhle ngaphezu kwamanzi. Izindawo zikhethwa lapho ungakha khona isidleke esikhulu, esingafinyeleleki kwabadla izitha zomhlaba - kwesinye isikhathi ngaphezulu kwamanzi noma esiqhingini esincane. Umuthi owomile, i-buoy noma esinye isakhiwo esenziwe ngobumba singasebenza njengendawo yesidleke.

Zitholele nengqungqulu amaphuphu bahambe ibanga elingamakhilomitha 14 km kusuka esidlekeni eyofuna ukudla, kuyilapho ezinye isikhathi bakwazi ukundiza abafika kwabangu-10 km.