Uthole i-hedgehog - isilwane esingavikeleki esihlala ogwadule, amasimu, ama-steppes. Lezi zinhlobo zomndeni ofana nama-hedgehogs ajwayelekile, kepha ukwakheka komzimba nemikhuba yazo kuhluke kancane kuma-hedgehogs ajwayelekile. Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe, ngokungafani nabanye abamele lo mndeni, anezindlebe ezinde kunalokho, ezibheke phambili kancane. Izinaliti zama-hedgehogs anezinwele nazo zinamabala aphuzi. Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe mancane kunokujwayelekile, futhi agijima ngokushesha.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Photo: Eared Hedgehog

I-Hemiechinus auritus eared hedgehog isilwane esifuywayo esisehlelweni lwe-safetivores, umndeni wama-hedgehogs. Kunohlobo olulodwa kuhlobo - i-heredged yered. Umndeni we-hedgehog ungomunye wemindeni yakudala emhlabeni. Abameli bokuqala balo mndeni bahlala emhlabeni wethu cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-58 edlule. Kutholakala eNyakatho Melika, izinsalela zama-hedgehogs zineminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-52. Usayizi womzimba wokhokho we-hedgehog wawungamasentimitha ayi-5 kuphela. Ama-hedgehogs asendulo ayefana nabamele banamuhla kulo mndeni, kodwa behluke kancane esakhiweni somzimba.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-hedgehog enamehlo amakhulu?

Ama-hedgehogs amade ayizilwane ezincane ezingavikeleki. Umzimba we-hedgehog osekhulile ungamasentimitha ayi-12 kuye kwangama-26. Ubukhulu bomsila buyi-16-23 mm; Ukubhalwa phansi kwePakistan kwezilwane zalolu hlobo kukhulu futhi kube ngama-30 cm ubude Abesilisa banesisindo esifinyelela kuma-450 amagremu, izinsikazi zingaba nesisindo kusuka ku-220 kuya ku-500 amagremu. Igobolondo lenaliti le-heredgehogs linguncane kunelama hedgehogs ajwayelekile. Engxenyeni engezansi yezinhlangothi, esixekeni naseziswini kukhona intambo yezinwele ethambile. Ngasemuva nasezinhlangothini ze-hairline ezinezinalithi ezikhombe ekugcineni.

Izinaliti ezimfushane ezisuka ku-17 kuye ku-20 mm ubude zimbozwe ngama-grooves amancane nama-roller. Ama-hedgehogs amancane azalwa ngezinaliti ezithambile kakhulu futhi ezisobala, futhi azimpumputhe. Lapho sekufika amasonto ama-2, ama-hedgehogs aqala ukubona, afunda ukugoqa abe yinhlama, izinaliti zawo ziqine futhi zibe bukhali. Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala isilwane, umbala weenaliti ungahluka kusuka kunotshani obumnyama nobumnyama.

Isibaya sikhombe. Amehlo mancane, ayindilinga. Iris imnyama ngombala. Ama-Auricles amakhulu aze afike ku-5 cm ubude, izindlebe ziqonde kancane ebusweni. Amadevu aqondile. Amashubhu aqinile wesilwane ahlukaniswa ngokuqinile. Kunamazinyo abukhali angama-36 emlonyeni. Izinyawo zinde futhi ziqinile. I-hedgehog ingagijima ngokushesha, futhi uma kwenzeka iba yingozi igoqwa yibhola enalithi phezulu kuya phezulu. Isikhathi sokuphila kwama-hedgehogs endle cishe yiminyaka emi-3. Ekuthunjweni, ama-hedgehogs aphile isikhathi eside kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-6, lokhu kungenxa yezimo ezingcono zezemvelo nendlela yokuphila ethule.

Ihlala kuphi i-hered hedgehog?

Photo: Eared Hedgehog ogwadule

Indawo yendawo yama-hedgehogs amakhulu abanzi futhi ehlukahlukene. Lezi zilwane zitholakala emaqeleni, ogwadule abaseLibya, eGibhithe, kwa-Israyeli, e-Asia Minor, ePakistan nase-Afghanistan. Futhi bahlala eNdiya, ogwadule baseKazakhstan kanye nasezindaweni ezilinganayo zaseMongolia. E-China, lolu hlobo lwe-hedgehogs lungatholakala kuphela esifundeni saseXinjiang Uygur. Ezweni lethu, ama-hedgehogs e-ered atholakala emaqeleni wesifunda saseVolga naseNovosibirsk. E-Urals, ukusuka eningizimu eseningizimu nentshonalanga yeSiberia kuya ezintabeni ze-Altai. Kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala e-Ukraine.

AmaHedgehogs ahlala ezindaweni ezinomhlabathi onesihlabathi owomile kanye nomthofu. Izindawo ezikhethiwe njengezigodi ezomile, imifula, izigodi zikhethiwe. Sihlala ogwadule ngotshani obude kanye nezimila ezingezinhle. Azithandi izindawo ezinotshani obushisiwe namathanga amade enkuni efile. Uma kunesidingo, ama-hedgehogs kwesinye isikhathi akhuphuka ezintabeni aze afike kumamitha angama-2400 ngaphezu kolwandle. Impilo yonke, i-hedgehog igaya umgodi ojulile kufinyelela kumitha eyodwa ubude. Umgodi uvala ngaphandle. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-hedgehogs ahlalwa ngemisele yemisele yezinye izilwane.

Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe asebenzisa ubusika bonke emgodini wawo; ekwindla afudumeza ikhaya lawo ngokuhudula amaqabunga lapho, ahlele uhlobo lwendlala, bese kuthi ebusika avale umnyango wokungena emgodini nakuma hibernates kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Uma ehlala eduzane nezindawo zokuhlala, hlala eduze kwendlu yomuntu ongesabi nhlobo.

Yini edliwa yi-hedgehog?

Isithombe: ISteppe eared hedgehog

Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe ayizilwane ezingavikeleki. Ukudla kwama-hedgehogs we-ered kufaka phakathi:

Ukusuka kokudla kwezitshalo, ama-hedgehogs athanda ukujabulela izithelo, amajikijolo kanye nembewu yezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. I-hedgehog etholakele ekutholeni ukudla iyakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha okukhulu, lezi hedgehogs zihamba ngokushesha okukhulu kunabanye abamele lo mndeni. Ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukuthi ohlukunyeziwe we-hedgehog aphunyuke ekuphishekeleni lo mbhemu omncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hedgehogs amade amade aqine kakhulu, angaphila ngaphandle kokufihlwa namanzi isikhathi esingamasonto angama-10.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Uma i-hedgehog enamehlo amakhulu idla isilwane esinobuthi, ayigcini nje ngokuthola ubuthi, kodwa futhi iba nokugomela okuzinzile kokulunywa yilezi zilwane. Isibonelo, uma i-hedgehog idla inyoka enobuthi, akukho lutho olwaluzokwenzeka kuye, futhi ngokuzayo wayengeke asabe ukulunywa yilezi zinyoka eziyingozi.

AmaHedgehogs abhekwa njengama-oda wangempela ehlathini, adla izinambuzane eziyingozi, izinduku ezithwala izifo ezahlukahlukene, izinyoka ezinobuthi nezinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, uma ama-hedgehogs ehlala endaweni yokuhlala yomuntu, abantu baqala ukubondla bebazi ukuthi uma i-hedgehog ihlala esiqeshini segadi, ngeke kube khona izinambuzane kuso, ngoba lesi sidlova esiseduze sizobabhubhisa ngokushesha.

Imvamisa ama-hedgehogs abantu bathanda ukuyigcina njengezilwane ezifuywayo, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukuthola ukudla okudliwa yi-hedgehog ngokwemvelo. Ekudingisweni, ama-hedgehogs angama-eyred adla inyama yenkukhu, inyama yenkomo, amaqanda, inyama ebilisiwe ebilisiwe, nezithelo, imifino, kanye nembewu yezitshalo.

Manje uyazi ukuthi ungayondla kanjani i-hedgehog yered. Ake sibheke ukuthi isilwane sisinda kanjani endle.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Photo: African Eared Hedgehog

I-hedgehog ende ende ayisona isilwane esinolaka nesinomuntu ozolile. Timbolo kakhulu kanye nokuqhuma. Endle, kuholela kwendlela yokuphila yobusuku. Ugijima kakhulu. AmaHedgehogs kunzima ukubona, ngakho-ke, lezi zilwane zizingela ikakhulukazi ngendlebe. Ebusuku, i-hedgehog enezinwele ezinde ingamboza amabanga angu-8-9 km. Esikhathini sasemini, i-hedgehog ifihla isiphephelo sayo futhi ilale. Okokuzijabulisa, bamba indawo yokukhosela yesikhashana emhlabathini ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla noma izihlahla. Ngaphezu kwezindawo zokukhosela zesikhashana, i-hedgehog enkulu enamehlo amakhulu izakhela ikhaya langempela. Umgodi omkhulu futhi ojule ngokulingana kufika kumamitha ayi-1.5 noma uhlala ekhaya lomunye umuntu. Umgodi onjalo utholakala egqumeni ngaphansi kwezimpande zesihlahla noma izihlahla. Ekupheleni komgodi, kuhlelwa umhume okhethekile, lapho ngesikhathi sokuzala kuzalwa ama-hedgehogs amancane.

Ama-hedgehogs amade amade athanda isizungu futhi awakhi imindeni, awanabo abalingani bayo unomphela, awaphambuki abe mhlambi. Ngokwindla, ama-hedgehogs, aqongelela ngokuqinile amafutha angama-subcutaneous. AmaHedgehogs angena kuzinyoni ngo-Okthoba-Novemba, avuke ekubandakanyeni ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Ezimweni sezulu ezifudumele, ama-hedgehogs amade anama-hibernate kuphela lapho kungekho ukudla. IHibernation kuma-hedgehogs alolu hlobo lwenhlobo ayinamandla njengakwabanye abamele lo mndeni. Ebusika, angavuka adle amasheya asebezilungiselele wona ebusika.

Lezi zilwane ziphatha kahle abantu futhi azesabi abantu nhlobo. Bathatha ukudla kumuntu, bazizwa bekukuhle bekudingisiwe. Uma uthola i-hedgehog eyi-ered njengesilwane esifuywayo, ngokushesha ujwayela abantu, aqaphele umnikazi futhi amlalele. Ngezinye izilwane akunalo ulaka uma kwenzeka ingozi iqala ukumamatheka, isexwayisa ngokunganeliseki kwayo, igxume kumuntu owonile izama ukumkhohlisa.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe awathandi ukugoqa, futhi zama ukwenza konke ukuze ungakwenzi lokhu. Ngobungozi, bamemeza ngokuhlukumezayo bamhlikihle umphikisi, bazame ukubaleka, uma lokhu kungaphumeleli futhi indlela yokubuyela emuva ivaliwe, lawa ma-hedgehogs agxumela kumuntu osephule umthetho wakhe bezama ukukopela ngobuhlungu. I-hedgehog curls ibe yibhola kuphela uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi enkulu.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Photo: Little eared hedgehog

Isikhathi sokukhwelana kuma-hedgehogs siba entwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuzala kubantu besifazane, kukhululwa imfihlo ekhethekile enama-pheromones. Abesilisa bayalizwa leli phunga bese beqhubeka nalo. Lapho owesilisa esondela kowesifazane, uqala ukucula iculo lakhe elifana nekhwela. Ubuye aqale ukudonsa umoya futhi agijime eduze kwakhe ngemuva kwesikhashana intokazi nayo ibandakanyeka nenqubo yomdlalo.

AmaHedgehogs ayimfihlo kakhulu, ngakho-ke inqubo yokuzalela yenzeka emahlathini otshani. Okokuqala, izilwane ziyahlwelana, kamuva izilwane zihlela isenzo sokuchama ngokuhlangene. Ngemuva kwalokho owesilisa uzama ukusondela emuva kowesifazane. Izinaliti ezihlotshayo zowesifazane empilweni ejwayelekile ziba zithambile ngalesi sikhathi, njengoba umfutho wegazi uyancipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hedgehog ithatha izinaliti ngokuzigoqa kahle ngemuva.

Ngemuva kokukhwelana, i-hedgehog ishiya i-hedgehog futhi iya ukuhlomisa umgodi, noma ijule futhi yandise indawo yokuhlala endala. Ukukhulelwa kowesifazane kuthatha amasonto ayi-7. Ngesinye isikhathi, kusuka kuma-hedgehogs ama-2 kuya ku-6 azalwa nge-hedgehog. Ama-hedgehogs amancane lapho azalwa angaboni ngokuphelele. Amehlo avula i-hedgehog kuphela ngemuva kwamasonto ama-2, amathole adla ubisi lukamama. Owesifazane uhlala namawundlu akhe izinyanga ezimbili zokuqala, kamuva bayakwazi ukuphuma endlini kayise. Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe ayenenkanuko eqinisekile, ayakhi imindeni, ayinabo abalingani baphakade. Baziphatha kahle izihlobo zabo, ama-skirmishing angaba phakathi kwabesilisa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala.

Izitha zemvelo ze-ered hedgehogs

Photo: Ngabe ibukeka kanjani i-hedgehog enamehlo amakhulu?

AmaHedgehogs akagcini nje ngokuphila impilo yobusuku, ngesikhathi sasemini kukhona abaningi abazidlayo abangenandaba nokudla lesi silwane esincane esenziwe nge-ered.

Izitha zemvelo eziyinhloko zama-hedgehogs yilezi:

Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe agugile kakhulu. Agijima ngokushesha ngokwanele futhi azama ukuphunyula uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, okuyinto evame ukuphumelela nayo. Esimweni esibi ngokwedlulele, yenza intukuthelo ngokweqile futhi izame ukukhohlisa lowo okonile.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Lapho izilwane ezidla ezinye zihlasela i-hedgehog futhi zizoyidla, ngeke zikwazi ukwenza lokhu, ngoba i-hedgehog igoqa ibhola eliqinile. Izinyamazane ezimangazayo zithole ukuthi zingabhekana kanjani nalokhu, zimane zichame nge-hedgehog, ngalesi sikhathi i-hedgehog kufanele iguquke futhi ngaleso sikhathi umhlaseli uyidla.

AmaHedgehogs amelana nokulimazeka okuningi; abekezelela umoya wokuziluma ngokuzithoba kwezinambuzane ezinobuthi kanye nezirhubuluzayo. Noma ubuthi obuningi bamakhemikhali abubi yingozi kuma-hedgehogs. Ngokuvamile imikhaza ihlala kuma-hedgehogs, ngesizini eyodwa i-hedgehog iqoqa futhi idle amakhulu amaningana alezi zinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hedgehogs avame ukutheleleka nge-helminth. Futhi, ama-hedgehogs atholakala kalula ezifweni zokukhunta, avame ukutheleleka ngama-dermofradites anjenge-Trychophyton psychagrophyte var. U-Erinacei noCandida albicans. IHedgehogs ihlushwa yizifo ezinjenge-salmonellosis, i-adenoviruses, ne-encephalitis virus, paramyxoviruses.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Photo: Eared Hedgehog

I-hedgehog yesikhathi eside iyisilwane esiyimfihlo, ehola indlela yokuphila yobusuku, ngakho-ke, usayizi wabantu abaphila nge-hedgehog kunzima ukulandela. AmaHedgehogs ngamazambane ombhede aziwa kahle futhi angashiyi izimbobo zawo ngesikhathi sasemini, kepha azingela ebusuku kuphela. Kodwa-ke, le nhlobo ibhekwa njengeningi kakhulu. Okwamanje, izinhlobo zinesimo sokuqinisa umthetho - izinhlobo ezibangela ukukhathazeka okuncane. Akadingi ukuvikelwa okukhethekile. AmaHedgehogs anda ngokushesha, abekezelele imiphumela emibi yangaphandle.

Eminyakeni yamuva, ama-hedgehogs alolu hlobo lwenhlobo yezilwane avame ukugcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo emazweni amaningi, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo luvamisile ukuthengiswa. AmaHedgehogs alezi zinhlobo athathwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezimangalisayo, aziqedi, ngokungafani nama-hedgehogs ajwayelekile, azithobeki ekudleni nakwizimo. Bathande abanikazi babo. Kuliqiniso, emindenini enezingane, ama-hedgehogs njengezilwane ezifuywayo awalungile njengoba ukuxhumana nezikhala ze-hedgehog kungadala ukungezwani ezinganeni.

Ngokuqondene nokuvikelwa kwama-hedgehogs, kuyadingeka ukuzama ukusindisa lezo zindawo lapho ama-hedgehogs asetshenziselwa ukulungisa khona. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngokulondolozwa kwemvelo, amapaki, izindawo zemvelo eziluhlaza okotshani. Uma ama-hedgehogs ehlala eduzane nasekhaya lakho, zama ukungabacasuli. Yondla lezi zilwane, futhi zizosindisa isiza sakho ezinambuzaneni futhi zibe abangane beqiniso.

Uthole i-hedgehog luhlobo ebaluleke kakhulu kwezolimo. AmaHedgehogs abhubhisa izinambuzane eziyingozi namagundane athwala izifo ezahlukahlukene. Umakhelwane onama-hedgehogs awusizo kakhulu, kepha noma lezi zilwane zinhle kakhulu, ama-hedgehogs asendle akufanele athintwe futhi aqokwe ngoba imikhaza eyingozi nezinye izinambuzane eziyingozi zihlala kuzo.

Habitat

I-hedgehog ye-eared isakaze emazweni amaningi aseningizimu mpumalanga yeYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho ne-Afrika. Izinhlobo eziningi zihlala ogwadule nasezintabeni zaseKazakhstan. Ezindongeni zaseRussia, kutholakala insimu yama-Volga steppes, iTuva kanye nentshonalanga yeSiberia. Ingxenye encane yalezi zilwane itholakala e-Ukraine. Njengendawo yokuhlala khetha indawo eyakhiwe ngobumba noma enesihlabathi.

p, blockquote 5,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 6.0,0,0,0,0 ->

Umsoco

Ukudla okuningi kwama-hedgehogs we-ered kuqukethe izinambuzane ezincane ezithile. Zitholakala zidla izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamabhungane, iminyunduzo yesinxele kanye nezibungu zezinambuzane. Ezifundeni ze-steppe bathola ukudla ngesimo sezikhala, amasele, izinduku namachwane. Bangadla izithelo, amajikijolo kanye nembewu yezitshalo. Ama-hedgehogs amade awavikelekile ezinhlotsheni eziningi, ngenxa yalokho, izinyoka ezinobuthi namabhungane, akhiqiza ubuthi obuyingozi obizwa ngokuthi yi-cantharidin, angaba khona ekudleni kwawo.

p, blockquote 7,0,0,0,0 ->

Ama-hedgehogs amade angaphila isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla noketshezi. Ucwaningo luthi kulesi simo bayakwazi ukuhlala kuze kuphele amasonto ayi-10.

p, blockquote 8,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 9,1,0,0,0 ->

I-eared hedgehog iyaphawuleka ngekhono layo lokugijima ngokushesha, ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zama-hedgehogs. Uma kuvela inyamazane, i-hedgehog igoba ikhanda layo bese yenza imisindo yokumemeza. Iyakwazi nokukhohlisa isitha ngezinaliti zayo.

p, blockquote 10,0,0,0,0 ->

Ungayondla kanjani i-hedgehog yered - ividiyo

p, blockquote 11,0,0,0,0 ->

Isikhathi sokuzala

Isikhathi sokuzalela singehluka ngokuya ngezimo zezulu. Isibonelo, izakhamizi zamazwe aseningizimu ziqala isikhathi ngoJulayi, futhi izakhamizi zezifunda ezibandayo - ngo-Ephreli. Ngemuva kokuphola, insikazi iyaxosha owesilisa futhi iqale ukufuna ngentshiseko noma ukwakha umgodi wenzalo yayo yesikhathi esizayo. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-45. Njengomthetho, kuzalwa ama-hedgehogs ama-4 kuya ku-7 angazivikeli. Amacube awanayo inalithi noboya bobu, umbono nokuzwa. Kodwa-ke, emuva, ungaphawula i-groove encane enamachashazi amancane - iziqalo zezinaliti. Ngemuva kwesonto, ama-hedgehogs amancane afunda ukukhasa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, bathola ukuzwa futhi babone, futhi bangashiya nezimbobo zabo bezishisele elangeni.

p, blockquote 12,0,0,0,0 ->

Izinyanga ezi-2 zokuqala, ama-hedgehogs amade abonwa ngubisi lukamama. Ngemuva kwenyanga nesigamu baba ngokuzimela ngokuphelele. Abesifazane bavuthwa ngokobulili ngonyaka wempilo, nabesilisa ngeminyaka emibili. Emvelweni, isikhathi sabo sokuphila siyahlukahluka kusuka eminyakeni emi-3 kuye kweli-6.

p, blockquote 13,0,0,1,0 ->

p, blockquote 14,0,0,0,0 ->

Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha

Isikhathi somsebenzi wama-hedgehogs we-ered siba ebusuku. Ebusuku bangahamba amakhilomitha angaba ngu-9. Esikhathini sosuku bathanda ukuphumula noma ukulala kuma-mink abo. Njengomthetho, bacasha ngemisele ebhajwe ngokukhethekile emhlabathini, ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla, amatshe noma izihlahla. Imisele ye-heredgedgs yama-eyred ingafinyelela amasentimitha ayi-150 ngokujula. Kaningi, zithanda ukufaka imisele ebisivele yakhiwe ngamagciwane, izimpungushe, nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo.

p, blockquote 15,0,0,0,0 ->

Izitha eziyinhloko zalawa ma-hedgehogs yizilwane ezinjengezinyoni ezidla inyama, izimbila, izimpungushe nezimpisi. Emzimbeni wama-hedgehogs we-ered, imikhaza ye-ixodid iyabulala, okuyi-ejenti ebangelwa ngabathwali kanye nethwali le-pyroplasmosis yesifo, okuyingozi kwezilwane ezifuywayo.

p, blockquote 16,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 17.0,0,0,0 -> p, blockquote 18,0,0,0,1 ->

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ama-hedgehogs amade aqala ukudla ngenkuthalo, aqongelela ngokwanele amanoni hibernation. IHibernation uqobo iqala ngoNovemba kuya ku-Ephreli. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-hedgehogs e-eyred angavuka kaningana futhi afune nokudla. Le nkathi ibonakala kuphela kulawo ma-hedgehogs ahlala ezifundeni ezibandayo.Ama-hedgehogs aseningizimu angacasha uma kuphela kunokudla okwanele.

SEBENZISA KANYE INDAWO YOKUZIVA

I-hedgehog yesikhathi eside iyilungu elincane kunazo zonke lomndeni we-hedgehog, kodwa, njengoba igama lisho, i-lop-eared enkulu kunazo zonke. Izindlebe zayo ezinkulu (ezinkulu kakhulu ukuthi, uma zigobile phambili, zivala amehlo) zibamba iqhaza elibalulekile - zivikela isilwane ekushiseni ngokweqile.

Akukho “kuhlukaniswa kobude” ekhanda le-heredgehog, njengakwezinye izinhlobo zama-hedgehogs. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba, esimbozwe ngopelepele onenalithi, kukhona imisipha eyindandatho nobude, ngosizo lapho ama-hedgehog curls akhuphuka ngebhola elinomunyu, kepha ama-hedgehogs ayanqikanqika ukwenza lokhu (mhlawumbe asaba ukubhoboza izindlebe zawo ezinkulu nezinhle), futhi asengozini yokubaleka, ukumemeza nokuphaphalaza. .

Izinaliti ezimfushane nezizacile, ezibalelwa ezinkulungwaneni eziyizinkulungwane eziyisikhombisa, zimboza kuphela umhlane. Ngomunye unyaka, inalithi eyodwa kwezingu-30 ezishintshiwe, futhi ikhula isikhathi esingangonyaka. Izinaliti, okuthiwa zivikela ama-hedgehogs, kwezinye izimo ziwenza angakwazi ukuzivikela: isibalo esikhulu semikhaza iqoqa esikhunjeni ngaphansi kwezinaliti, kanti izilwane ngeshwa azikwazi ukukhipha izimuncagazi. Izazi zesifo se-epidemi zize zethule nohlelo olukhethekile "ihora le-hedgehog": inani lamikhaza aqoqwe yi-hedgehog ukuhamba kwehora.

Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe anomqondo omuhle kakhulu wephunga nokuzwa, kepha umbono ophansi. Yize kukholakala ukuthi bangahlukanisa imibala, njengabantu, ngokungafani nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo lapho umbono umnyama nomhlophe. I-hedgehog inamazinyo angama-36, aphuma ngenxa yokuguga.

Izinga lokuphefumula lesilwane ngesikhathi sokuvuka liyimiphefumulo engama-40-50 ngomzuzu, nangesikhathi sokuqothuka - 6-8. Izinga lokushisa empilweni esebenzayo liyi-34 ° C, futhi ngesikhathi sokushiswa - yi-2 ° C kuphela ukusindisa amandla.

IHedgehog endaweni yokubhuka

Encane, ye-eyred, enhle, enemilenze ephakeme, i-hedgehog ihlala iphuthuma kwenye indawo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuqubuka kabusha kokutholakala kungavikeleki akuvame ukubonwa endaweni egciniwe.

I-hedgehog iphunyuka ekushiseni, iholele indlela yokuphila yobusuku, kepha ikhono layo eliyingqayizivele lokuthola ngaphandle kokudla namanzi isikhathi eside lingamangala. I-hedgehog yesikhathi eside igwema izindawo ezinama-sparse futhi zisheshe zishise izimila, izindawo eziyindawo yokuhlala lapho kugcinwa khona amahlathi kungukuthi "amaGreen Green", izingadi ezisegumbini likaSurikov, namathanga e-cordon. Wonke ama-hedgehogs ayizilwane zasebusuku, phakathi nobusuku bangakwazi ukuhamba ibanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-10 beyofuna ukudla (phakathi nosuku abalala ngalo mink elakhiwe ngebhola). AmaHedgehogs axhumana nomunye ngekhwela, futhi aqhume futhi akhononde kuphela uma ethukuthele.

INKOSI UTHANDO

Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe aqala indlela yokuphila eyedwa, futhi kuphela lapho ilanga lifudumala ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, abesilisa abajabule baqala ukufuna abesifazane. Kwabesifazane, ukuthomba kwenzeka cishe onyakeni owodwa ubudala; kwabesilisa, kuvame ukuba kube yiminyaka emibili. Abesilisa kuphela abahamba beyofuna i-pair, ngoba bangahamba ibanga elingama-6 km, kepha awudingi ukuhamba nge-hedgehog ngendlela eyingozi - bazoyithola. Kodwa-ke, uma insikazi ingasithandi isoka, bese kuqala imidlalo phakathi kwabesilisa, umdanso obizwa ngokuthi yi-hedgehog: izimbangi ziyaluma, zithandane ngezinaliti, zishaye, zishaye ngamandla. Imidlalo iyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho kutholakala lowo obambe iqhaza onenkani kakhulu. Ama-prick awusona isithiyo: insikazi ilala phansi, yelule imilenze yayo yangasemuva, kuthi owesilisa ahlale emhlane, ame cishe mpo.

JULANI

Ngemuva kokuzalela, insikazi ngokushesha idonsa owesilisa, manje yilowo nalowo uzohamba ngebhizinisi lakhe: owesilisa uzokondla amanoni akhe ebusika, kuthi owesifazana alungiselele umgodi owuhlwathi ngamahlamvu awomile.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-40-45, i-hedgehog izoba nezinsana ezingama-2-8 ezikhanyayo nezithulu, ezincane kakhulu - ezisanda kuzalwa zinesisindo esingu-20 amagremu. Izinsuku zokuqala umama we-hedgehog afudumeza amazinyane ngemfudumalo yawo, ngoba anqunu ngokuphelele. Kungakapheli amahora ambalwa kuzelwe i-hedgehog, zithola izinaliti ezithambile ezimhlophe, kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezimbili izinalithi ezimnyama ziqale ukwakha. Izinsana zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu: ngemuva cishe kwesonto, kuvulwa amehlo nezindlebe, bese kuthi ngemuva kwama-scoops amabili ambozwe ngokuphelele ngegobolondo lawo. Ngemuva kwenyanga, amawundlu ashiya umama nonina, efunda imisindo emisha nephunga. Ukudla izinambuzane ze-hedgehog kuqala ngenyanga yesibili yokuphila, emva kwalokho umama we-hedgehog uyeka ukondla inzalo ngobisi. Kungekudala izingane kuzofanele ziqale impilo yabantu abadala enokhahlo futhi zifune indawo yokuhlala ebusika bazo bokuqala. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele baqoqe izakhi ezanele ukuqala ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Ephreli.

UNSPARE Hedgehog

AmaHedgehogs noma angazimba izimbobo ngokwawo, noma, ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane, asebenzisa abantu angabazi, njengamagundwane, azikhulisele wona.

Izindawo zokukhosela ze-Hedgehog ziyehluka ngokuhlala kwezinye izilwane endaweni ephakeme nangaphansi, lapho ngemuva kwesisekelo kukhona isikebhe esiseceleni segumbi lokudlela. Ebusika, i-hedgehog ifaka indawo yayo yokuhlala ngamaqabunga notshani, ngoba ayibekezeleli ukubanda, futhi ebusika hibernation izama ukulala phansi kusenesikhathi, futhi phambilini ivala umnyango wokungena umgodi. Ngesikhathi hibernation, akadli lutho, cishe akahambi futhi awele kokugqwayiza okumisiwe: izinga lokushisa lomzimba wakhe lehla kakhulu, ukuphefumula kwakhe kuyehla. I-hedgehog enamehlo amakhulu ayitholi ukudla endaweni yokuhlala ebusika, ngakho-ke umbono ojwayelekile ngesitoko se-hedgehog uyindaba nje yenganekwane. Kungenzeka, lapho entwasahlobo i-hedgehog ivuka inciphile, inyamalala ngenxa yendlala, izisola ngokuthi ayigcini lapho.

Ukusatshalaliswa kwama-hedgehogs we-eyred

uhlala eYurophu, eMelika Ephakathi nese-Asia Ephakathi, eKazakhstan, ePhalamende lase-Arabia, eTranscaucasia, eSiberia, kwa-Israyeli, eGibhithe, eLibya, eNyakatho Afrika, ePakistan, eTurkmenistan, e-Afghanistan, eMongolia, e-Iraq, e-Iraq naseCyprus.

Ngenxa yokuthi ama-hedgehogs e-ered ahlala ogwadule, ogwadule olomile kanye nama-steppes omile, abizwa nangokuthi ama-hedgehogs asogwadule. Zitholakala ezigodini, ezigodini zomfula ezomile, emafutheni, emiseleni yokunisela, eduze kwezindlu zabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hedgehogs ogwadule akhuphuka ezintabeni aze afike kumamitha angama-2400. Ezifundeni ze-steppe, ama-hedgehogs angama-eyred agwema izindawo ezinotshani obukhulu.

Incazelo ye-Eared Hedgehogs

I-hedgehog ende enamehlo ifinyelela amasentimitha ayi-14- 23, kuthi e-Afghanistan nasePakistan, abantu ngabanye bangafinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-30. Isisindo somzimba sisukela kuma-gramu angama-220 kuya kwangama-350, kepha ekudingisweni, izinsikazi ezikhulelwe zingaba nesisindo esingama-650 amagremu.

IHedgehog yesikhathi eside (iHemiechinus auritus).

Izinaliti zitholakala kuphela emuva. Izinaliti zimfushane - zingamamilimitha angama-19 ubude nezicishe zibe mncane, ezinezimbali ezinde ezinobude. Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba nezinhlangothi zimbozwe izinwele. Uboya buthambile futhi bufushane. Isibalo sisondele.

Ngezindlebe zabo ezinkulu, kuze kufike kumamilimitha angama-39 ubude, ama-hedgehogs asogwadule alawula ukushisa komzimba. Ama-paws ezilwane ahlala isikhathi eside kunalawo angama-hedgehogs ajwayelekile.

Uboya esifubeni nesisu bumhlophe noma bampunga. Ebusweni, uboya bungasukela koku nsundu okukhanyayo bube bumpunga-mnyama. Umbala wezinaliti uncike endaweni yokuhlala, uhlukahluka kusuka kokukhanya okuluhlaza kuya komnyama. AmaHedgehogs ahlala ePakistan nase-Afghanistan ane-fur brown. Ama-albino ayivelakancane.

Indlela Yokuphila Yasogwadule

Ebusuku, i-hedgehog ene-eyred inganqoba amakhilomitha angama-7-9. Ntambama baphumula emashalofini. Ama-Desert hedgehogs asebenzisa eyawo imigodi noma imisele yemiqheke njengendawo yokukhosela. Ukujula komgodi kungafinyelela kumamitha ayi-1-1,5. Umgodi uphansi futhi ubanzi. Igumbi lezidleke liseceleni. Ehlobo, ama-hedgehogs anezinwele ezinde asebenzisa indawo yokukhosela yesikhashana: amatshe, izihlahla, izimpande zezihlahla nokunye.

Lezi yizilwane ezihlala zodwa ezisebenza ebusuku.

Ekwindla, ama-hedgehogs amade aqala ukuqoqa amafutha. Ezingxenyeni ezibandayo zohla, bazikhotha ngo-Okthoba-Novemba, futhi ziphela ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli. Enyakatho neNdiya, ukuhanjiswa ngamatshe e-hedgehogs eyihlane kuthatha izinyanga ezi-3.5, kuthi ePakistan - izinyanga ezi-4. Ezingxenyeni ezifudumele zobubanzi, ama-heedgehogs ered awabusika, kepha alala kuphela ngokuntuleka kokudla.

Uma i-hedgehog yasogwadule isengozini, ayigcini ebholeni, kepha izama ukubamba isitha ebusweni bese icasha. Ama-hedgehogs ogwadule ayamelana nokushisa ngokweqile, abekezelela amazinga okushisa aphakeme kahle. Banomuzwa omuhle kakhulu wephunga nokuzwa, kepha ama-hedgehogs awaboni kahle. Ugwadule ama-hedgehogs awazi ukuthi ungatshala kanjani kunoma yini emeveni.

Ama-hedgehogs amade awakhethi ukuhlangana nezinyoka, kepha uma umhlangano uvele, isilwane siwuhlasela ukuze usibulale ngokuluma ngemuva kwekhanda. Ama-hedgehogs ogwadule alwa kakhulu nobuthi benyoka. Lapho amadoda amabili ehlangana, kuba nokulwa phakathi kwabo, ngamunye wabo azame ukukhonkotha oncintisana naye ezindlebeni zethenda nasezindongeni ezingavikelekile. Ngenkathi yokuzalela, ama-hedgehogs ogwadule ayahlabelela.

Izitha zemvelo amabhere, amabhele, izinja eziqanjiwe, izinyoni, izimpisi, izimpungushe. Isikhathi sokuphila sama-hedgehogs amade okwemvelo yiminyaka engama-3-6, kepha ngokwesilinganiso baphila cishe iminyaka emi-4.

Ukulunywa kweHedgehog kuzinza izikhathi ezingama-45 uma kuqhathaniswa nezingulube zegiya. Umthamo obulalayo we-hedgehog ungama-gramu ayi-0,1 we-viper toom, inani elilinganayo lanele ukubulala abantu abangama-20.

ISand Lanyard

Leli bhungane eliqhamuka emndenini weDarkling lihlala iminyaka engama-2-3, ebusika emasimini phakathi kwemfucumfucu yesitshalo kanye naphezulu kwenhlabathi. Izibungu zamabhungane zidla ngokubola imfucumfucu yesitshalo futhi nenani elikhulu cishe azilimazi izitshalo eziphilayo. Kepha amabhungane amancane, avela entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ayingozi kakhulu ukumila kokusanhlamvu nemifino. Ngezinye izikhathi kwesikwele esi-1. imitha iqoqwa kusuka kumashumi ambalwa kuya kumakhulu amabhungane.

Bika uNombolo 2

Uthole i-hedgehog - izilwane ezincelisayo ezidliwayo, okungezomndeni we-hedgehog.

Lolu hlobo luhluka kwe-hedgehog ejwayelekile phambi kwezindlebe ezifika ku-5 cm, kanye nosayizi, isisindo sazo sifinyelela kuhafu wekhilo. Izinaliti ezinde ezibukhali zimboze umhlane wakhe. Kuyindlela ejwayelekile ukuthi babe nesifalo esibukhali, kanye nemilenze emide. Uboya ngemibala ekhanyayo, ngokungafani nezinaliti. Umbala wawo uncike endaweni yokuhlala, ukusuka ekukhanyeni kuye ebumnyameni. Izinaliti ezifika ku-2 cm ubude, zizacile impela, ezimboza ama-rollers nama-grooves kulo lonke ubude.

Lezi zindawo ezingaphansi kwe-hedgehogs zihlala endaweni esekupheleni kwethafa elisendaweni ese-Etheria, kanye nasenyakatho ne-Afrika. I-hedgehog yesikhathi eside inengozi encane yokuqothulwa, kepha kwezinye izindawo ifakwe ku-Red Book.

I-Hedgehog - Lesi isidalwa esidla inyama, ekudleni okuyinhloko izinambuzane. Futhi, akazigwemi izinyoka, izibankwa ezahlukahlukene namasele. Akavamisile ukuthenga izithombo zokudla; ​​lezi zinhlobonhlobo zembewu, amajikijolo nezithelo. I-hedgehog imelana kakhulu nobuthi balabo abangena ekudleni kwayo. Uma kungekho ukudla namanzi, ama-hedgehogs ayakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokudla kuze kuphele izinyanga eziyi-2,5.

Owesifazane ukhulelwa ekugcineni kwentwasahlobo - ukuqala kwehlobo. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha inyanga eyodwa nohhafu, ukuzala kwenzeka maphakathi nehlobo. Inzalo isukela kumakhulu amane kuya kwayi-7. Bazalwa bengasizakali ngokuphelele, izimpumputhe futhi zingenazinwele, kodwa ngesiqalo sezinaliti ezizayo. Kufika kumaviki amabili eminyaka ubudala, i-hedgehog ayikwazi ukugoqa. Endaweni yamasonto amathathu, i-hedgehog isivele iqala ukuphuma endlini. Bondla ubisi lwebele isikhathi esingange inyanga nengxenye.

Lesi sidlakudla siholela empilweni esebenzayo yobusuku. Ubusuku buhlula bude bufika ku-10 km. Uchitha usuku emgodini azimbayo azakhele yena. Isenzeko esingajwayelekile kakhulu ukuhlala kwe-hedgehog ngumgodi womunye umuntu oshiywe, isibonelo impungushe, noma i-gerbil. I-Nora hedgehog ifinyelela amamitha ayihafu ubude. Kwesinye isikhathi i-hedgehog isebenzisa izindawo zokuhlala zesikhashana, ingaba ngamakati aminyene noma ukucindezelwa ezimpandeni zesihlahla.

Maphakathi nekwindla, ama-hedgehog hibernates, ngaphambi kokuqongelela inani elanele lamafutha omzimba. Ukuvuka phakathi kwentwasahlobo. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, hibernates uma kunokudla okwanele.

Izitha zakhe zoqobo ziyizimpungushe, izimpisi, amabhulukwe kanye nezinyoni ezidla inyama. I-hedgehog ihlonipha futhi ivikele, izama ukukopela ophikisana naye. Kuyingozi izilwane ezifuywayo ngoba zithwala imikhaza nezifo.

Ibanga 4, (indawo yokuhlala, okudingayo)

Ukudla KweHedgehogs Ukudla

Ama-hedgehogs amade abonwa ngama-omnivores. Zidla izicabucabu, izibungu, iminenke, izimbungulu, izintuthwane, izintethe, amacimbi, izimbungulu, iminyuzi, izibungu zezinambuzane nokunye okunjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hedgehogs e-ered adla izithelo, izimbali, i-moss. Abenqaba futhi bawa.

Ziphinde zizingelele inyamazane enkulu: izinyoka, izibankwa, amasele, izinduku nokucekelwa phansi kwezinyoni.

Ukudla kwama-hedgehogs asehlane kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesizini. Lezi zilwane zingenza ngaphandle kokudla namanzi isikhathi eside - cishe amasonto ayi-10.

NgoJuni Khrushchev

Elinye igama lale bhungane ngu-nehrushch. Uvela ngoJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Emini, ama-khrushchels acasha emhlabathini, futhi kusihlwa andiza azungeze izihlahla, ahlala phansi, adle amaqabunga awo kanye namahlumela amancane, noma aye edilini ngombala wamabele. Amabhubesi achitha isikhathi ehudula amasentimitha ayi-1210 enhlabathini evundayo noma enesihlabathi. Badla izimpande zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi amabele, futhi ngesinye isikhathi omunye nomunye.

Ukuzala ama-hedgehogs asogwadule

Isikhathi sokuzala senzeka eRussia ngo-Ephreli, nasemazweni afudumele ngoJulayi-Septhemba. Ezingxenyeni ezibandayo zobubanzi, ama-heredgehogs angama-ered azala kanye ngonyaka, futhi ezindaweni ezifudumele zobubanzi, kungaba khona inzalo emi-2. Ngemuva kokuthola insikazi, owesilisa uzama ukusondela kuye, kepha insikazi ekuqaleni ayimvumeli ukuthi angenele, ingafika nokulwa.

Akukho udoti egumbini lokudlela. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-35-42. Owesifazane uzalwa kusuka kwezintathu kuya kwezingu-8. Imizimba yabo ayinalutho ekuqaleni, kepha ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 embozwe ngenaliti ethambile. Ngemuva kwamahora ama-5, ubude bezinaliti banda izikhathi ezi-4. Imizimba yabo imbozwe ngokuphelele ngezinaliti ngemuva kwamasonto amabili.

Ngemuva kokuphola, insikazi iyaxosha eyeduna bese iyokwakha isidleke.

Amehlo abo avuleka nxazonke ngosuku lwe-10. Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, i-hedgehog ingadla ukudla okuqinile. Umama ubondla ubisi izinsuku ezingama-35. Ngosuku lwe-50, ama-hedgehogs ered aqala ukuphila impilo yokuzimela. Ukuthomba emadodeni kwenzeka eminyakeni emi-2, kuthi kwabesifazane kube sezinyangeni eziyi-11 ukuya kwengu-12.

Izihloko zemiyalezo ezaziwayo

Wonke umuntu uyazi igama lomqambi omkhulu uFrederic Chopin. Ungummeleli ovelele wobungqingili emculweni. Imisebenzi yokudala kaChopin yaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni komculo okwalandela, kanye nabalandeli bakhe.

I-Lily yesigodi akuyona nje imbali enhle nenhle yokunuka, futhi iyisitshalo sokuqala sikaMeyi esithokozisa wonke umuntu ngemuva kobusika obude obusika. Izimbali zakhona zintekenteke futhi ngesimo sazo sifana nezinsimbi ezincane zilenga esiqwini.

Phakathi kwezitshalo ezithandwa kakhulu ezithatha indawo emafulethini ethu iminyaka eminingi, i-aloe ingesinye esivame kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-aloe. Isitshalo esivela e-Afrika sinezinhlobo ezingaba ngamakhulu amathathu.

Ugwadule lwe-hedgehog labantu

Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe adla izinambuzane eziningi zezinambuzane, ngakho-ke ziyizilwane eziwusizo. Kepha ama-hedgehogs angabathwali bemikhaza ye-ixodid. Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe abhalwe kwiNcwadi ebomvu yesifunda saseChelyabinsk, e-Urals naseBashkortostan.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

Izici nendawo yokuhlala ye-hedgehog ye-eyred

Uthole i-hedgehog (kusuka eLatin Hemiechinus) - lokhu kungenye yezizukulwane zezilwane ezincelisayo ezivela emndenini omkhulu wama-hedgehogs. Mayelana nokushicilelwa kwakhe namhlanje. Cabanga ngemikhuba yakhe, izici zakhe nendlela yakhe yokuphila.

Bahlukile kwabanye abamele abomndeni wabo abanezindlebe ezinde, ezikhomba. Ubude bezindlebe, kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane, bufinyelela amasentimitha amathathu kuya kwezinhlanu. Uhlobo lwe-heredgehogs yered lubandakanya izinhlobo eziyisithupha kuphela:

• I-Blue-beleed (kusuka ku-Latin nudiventris),
• Indian (kusuka Latin micropus),
• Inaliti ende, inaliti emnyama noma i-bald (hypomelas),
• Kutholwe (kusuka ku-Latin auritus),
• I-Collared (kusuka ku-Latin collaris),
• I-Ethiopian (evela eLatini aethiopicus).

Amanye amaqembu ososayensi afaka le nhlobo njengemfushane Ama-hedgehogs ase-Afrika ngenxa yokuthi nazo zinezindlebe ezinde, kepha noma kunjalo, ekuhlukanisweni okwamukelwa kabanzi, le nhlobo inikezwa uhlobo oluhlukile - ama-hedgehogs ase-Afrika.

Indawo yokuhlala yalolu hlobo ayisiyikhulu kakhulu. Ukusatshalaliswa kwabo kwenzeka e-Asia, eNyakatho Afrika naseningizimu mpumalanga yeYurophu. Munye kuphela kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezihlala endaweni yezwe lethu - yi-hedgehog yered. Lesi yisilwane esincane esincelisayo, usayizi womzimba waso awudluli amasentimitha angama-25-30 anesisindo esilinganiselwe sama-500-600 amagremu.

Abamele abakhulu (abasindayo) bohlobo lonke bangama-hedgehogs ezinaliti ezinde - isisindo somzimba wabo sifinyelela kumagremu angama-700- 900.Ngemuva kwayo yonke inhlobo yemvelo kumbozwe ngezinaliti ezinombala grey no brown. Azikho izinaliti ezinhlangothini, ezisesizalweni nasesiswini, futhi esikhundleni sawo ijazi loboya bemibala ekhanyayo liyakhula.

Ikhanda lincane ngesigaxa esidala nezindlebe ezinde ezifinyelela osayizi abakhulu kunesigamu sekhanda. Umlomo omkhulu kodwa ogcwele amazinyo anamandla angama-36.

Uhlobo nendlela yokuphila yeheedgehog

Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe ayizakhamizi zasebusuku, ayasebenza ngeLanga nobusuku. Kepha ngaphandle kwalokhu, ziningi isithombe se-eyred hedgehogs ngesikhathi sasemini. Baphila futhi bafuna ukudla ngamunye ngamunye, bakha ngababili isikhathi sokuzalelana.

Ngokwesilinganiso sazo, lezi zilwane zinamandla impela futhi zihamba ngokushesha, zihamba ekhaya lazo amakhilomitha ambalwa ziyofuna ukudla. Indawo lapho iduna le-hedgehog lidla khona lapho ingafinyelela kumahektha amahlanu, insikazi inensimu encane - ingamahektha amabili kuya kwamathathu.

Ngesikhathi sokuvuka kwansuku zonke, i-hedgehog ye-eyred ingagubungela ibanga elingamakhilomitha angama-8-10. AmaHedgehogs alala futhi aphumule emiseleni yawo, engazimbela afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1-1,5 ukujula, noma ahlala futhi ahlome indawo yokuhlala esele yezinye izilwane ezincane, ikakhulukazi izinduku.

Lezi zilwane azinaphutha kakhulu futhi zizinza kahle emangqamuzaneni. Ukudla kwaso kukuvumela ukuthi uthenge ukudla cishe kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ekhaya eared hedgehog esikhathini sethu, akujwayelekile, futhi bambalwa abantu abangamangala.

Namuhla ungathenga i-hedgehog ye-ered cishe kunoma iyiphi imakethe yezinyoni noma enkulisa. Futhi ukuthola amakhono okugcina lesi silwane akulula, ngoba ku-Intanethi kunezeluleko eziningi eziwusizo.

Esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo inani lentengo yeheredgeg kuzohluka kusuka kuma-ruble angama-4000 kuya kwangama-7000. Cishe inani elifanayo lemali lizodingeka ukuthenga imishini yokulungiswa kwayo. Ngemuva kokutshala imali enjalo esilwaneni sakho esisha, wena nabathandekayo bakho nizothola imizwa eminingi emihle.

Ukuzala futhi isikhathi sokuphila kwe-hedgehog eyindilinga

Ukuthomba kuma-hedgehogs avela kwenzeka ngokuya ngezikhathi zocansi ngezikhathi ezihlukene - kwabesifazane ngonyaka owodwa wokuphila, ekukhuleni kwabesilisa kuhamba kancane futhi ukuzithomba kwenzeka ngeminyaka emibili.

Isikhathi sokuvuthwa kwezinhlobo eziningi siqala ngokufika kokushisa entwasahlobo. Ezakhamuzini ezisezindaweni ezisenyakatho ngoMashi-Ephreli ngemuva kokuvuka kusuka e-hibernation, kubamele abaseningizimu eduze nehlobo.

Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-hedgehogs aqala ukukhipha iphunga eliyinqayizivele, eliheha ngababili. Ngemuva kokuphola, owesilisa akavamile ukuhlala nowesifazane izinsuku eziningana, imvamisa imuka masinyane emasimini awo, bese owesifazana eyemba imigodi ukuze abelethe inzalo.

Ukukhulelwa kuthatha isikhathi eside, kuya ngohlobo, izinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwengama-40. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzalwa ama-hedgehogs amancane, azithulu nabangaboni. Encwadini efakiwe kubo kusukela koyedwa kuya kweshumi. Bazalwa benqunu, kepha ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, kuvela izinaliti ezithambile ebusweni bomzimba, okuzothi emavikini angama-2-3 zizoshintsha zibe nzima.

Ngemuva kwamasonto angama-3-4, ama-hedgehogs aqala ukuvula amehlo awo. Ama-seeds athela ubisi lwebele kuze kube ngamaviki e-3-4 empilo bese aqhubeka nokusesha okuzimele, futhi asebenzise okunye ukudla okuhle. Ezinyangeni ezimbili zeminyaka, izingane ziqala impilo ezimele futhi ngokushesha zishiya umgodi kanina ukuze zizimbele eyazo endaweni entsha.

Ngokwesilinganiso ama-hedgehogs amakhulu aneso ekhaya noma ama-zoo ahlala iminyaka engama-6-8, endaweni yemvelo isikhathi sokuphila sabo sifishane, kufaka phakathi ukuzingela kwabo izinyamazane ezihlala endaweni efanayo nama-hedgehogs.

Izitha eziphambili zalezi zilwane ezincelisayo yizimpisi, amabhele, izimpungushe nabanye abadli bezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane. Izinhlobo ezithile ama-hedgehogs we-ered abhalwe kuNcwadi Ebomvu, ngokwesibonelo, i-hedgehog eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibhekwa njengezinhlobo ezicishe zaphela.

Ezinye izinhlobo zitholakala ezincwadini nasezifundeni Red Red zaseKazakhstan, e-Ukraine naseBashkiria. Kuze kube ngu-1995, iKazakhstan ibikhuthele ezinhlanganweni ezifuya izinhlobo ezingandile zama-hedgehogs, kufaka phakathi ama-heredgehogs, ezinkulisa ezikhethekile, kepha ngeshwa, azikasinda kuze kube namuhla.

Hare

I-heredgehog ye-eyred ingeyezilwane ezingavikeleki futhi ihlala ezindaweni ezivulekile ze-steppe. Lokhu kungummeleli womndeni ofanayo ne-hedgehog ejwayelekile, kepha noma kunjalo laba bangaphandle abafani kakhulu futhi abahlukile ekwakhiweni komzimba. I-heredgedg ye-eared incane, ubude bomzimba wayo abudluli kuma-cm angama-20. Izinaliti azikho ngaphezu kwama-2,5 cm.Isembozo sezinwele ezithambile simboza amafulethi. Umzimba uyindilinga ngesimo, ubukeka kabi. Izinyawo zinde, kepha umsila mfushane. Isibonakaliso esivelele kunazo zonke seheedgehog ende, eside kunengxenye yobude bekhanda, izindlebe zigobeke phambili. Ijazi elinamaheyidi we-hedgehog ezinhlangothini zomzimba libomvu-grey, isisu sigqamile ngombala omhlophe ngombala okhanyayo ophuzi ophuzi.

Incazelo ye-hedgehog

I-hedgehog ende-yesred iyisilwane esincane. Umzimba wayo ungama-12-27 cm ubude, umsila wawo ubude bawo bungama-17-23 mm. Munye kuphela subspecies ohlala ePakistan nase Afghanistan elikhudlwana futhi ufinyelela ku-30 ​​cm ubude. Isisindo sabesilisa asidluli kuma-430 g, kwabesifazane singama-200-500 g. Okusho ukuthi ngokwesilinganiso, i-heredgehog ye-eyred iphansi kabili kune-hedgehog evamile.

Umehluko omkhulu kusuka ku-hedgehog ejwayelekile yale nhlobo usayizi omkhulu wezindlebe, ubude bawo bufinyelela ku-5 cm. Amaphawundi aphezulu. Isibalo sisondele kakhulu ngesimo. Isigaxa sesikhumba esingenalutho, okuthiwa "ukwahlukana," siyabonakala ebunzini. Ijazi lincane, lithambile, lipendwe ngwevu-mnyama noma linsundu okhanyayo ebusweni. Izinaliti zingasemhlane kuphela. Zincane futhi zimfishane, zingu-17-19 mm ubude, zimbozwe isikhathi eside ngama-roller kanye nemisele. Izinaliti zingaba nemibala ehlukene ngokuya ngendawo yendawo ye-heredgeg yered, kusuka kokukhanya okunezihlahla kuya kobumnyama ngokuphelele. Ama-hedgehogs e-Afghanistan nePakistan ansundu. I-Albino hedgehogs iyivelakancane kakhulu.

Izici zokudla okunempilo kwe-hedgehog

Isisekelo sokudla kwe-hedgehog eyindilinga yenziwa izilwane ezincanyana ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi izinambuzane, ngokwesibonelo, amabhungane (umgijimi, umnyama, ukuhlehlisa, ukubamba amahhashi) nezintuthwane. I-hedgehog ithola kalula ukudla okunjalo ngamanani anele ngokwawo emaqeleni phakathi kwezitshalo. Kungabuye nokudla izinyamazane, amasele, namagundane amancane, amachwane namaqanda ezinyoni. Futhi, i-hedgehog ye-eared ihlukanisa ukudla kwayo ngosizo lokudla kwemifino: amajikijolo, imbewu, izithelo.

I-hedgehog ye-eyred iyakwazi ukuthi isikweletu siphile ngaphandle kokudla namanzi - cishe amasonto ayi-10, ngokusho kwabaphenyi.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi uma isilwane esinoshevu (ngokwesibonelo, isengezo) singena ekudleni kwe hedgehog yered, khona-ke i-hedgehog ngeke ihlushwa ukuluma kwayo. Ngaphandle kokulimazeka emzimbeni, i-hedgehog ene-eyred iyakwazi ukudla amabhungane e-T-shirt aqukethe ubuthi obunamandla - i-cantharidin.

Lapho i-hedgehog ye-eared ifuna ukudla, isebenza ngokushesha, ngokushesha okukhulu kune-hedgehog ejwayelekile. Uma umuntu ebamba i-hedgehog ene-eyred, khona-ke ngeke asonteke njengenjwayelo, kepha avele agobise ikhanda phansi, axegise phezulu azame ukukhahliza isitha ngenaliti.

Spread hedgehog

Indawo yokuhlala kwe-heredgehog ifaka ama-steppes omile, ogwadule nolwonkewonke. Ihlala esifundeni sakwa-Israyeli, iLibya, iGibhithe, i-Asia Minor, iCaucasus neTranscaucasia, i-Iran, i-Iraq, nePakistan, i-Afghanistan, i-India, i-Central Asia, i-Kazakhstan, iChina neMongolia. E-Russia, i-hedgehog ye-eyred ijwayelekile ukusuka eDon naseVolga kuya ku-Ob. Inani elincane lihlala e-Ukraine, lapho lesi silwane singatholakala sodwa eningizimu mpumalanga yezwe.

Izindawo ezithandwayo ze-hedgehog eyomile yindawo eyomile, enobumba nesihlabathi. Ezimweni zesimanje zezemvelo, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokulima okuqhubekayo kwama-steppes, uhla lwale ndawo okuhlala kulo ama-steppes luyancipha ngokubonakalayo.

I-hedgehog yeduna neyowesifazane: umehluko omkhulu

Nge-hedgehog ye-eyred, i-dimorphism yezocansi ayivezwa, owesilisa nowesifazane abanakho umehluko wangaphandle obonakalayo.

Ukuziphatha kweHedgehog

Ama-hedgehogs amade ayizindawo ezomile nezindawo eziwugwadule, lapho zihlala khona eduze nezigodi zemifula, izindawo ezinamanzi, imifula emanzi, imigodi yokunisela eyashiywa. Imvamisa zingabonakala eduze nalapho kuhlala khona abantu. Kuboshwe izindunduma zama-steppe nogwadule olunezimila ezibuthakathaka, ezivutha ngokushesha, futhi amathangi e-tugai anotshani obukhulu abangeni.

Isilwane sisebenza ebusuku kuphela, lapho sihamba ngo-7-16 km, phakathi nosuku esivame ukufihla noma silale ezindaweni zalo zokuhlala. Lapho kuqala ukuhwalala kuya ekuzingeleni, nasekuntweleni kokusa, ngifuna indawo yokuphumula. Isiphephelo sasemini se-hedgehog yamehlo siwukuphumula phansi, ngaphansi kwezimpande, itshe noma isihlahla. Ngaphezu kwezindawo zokukhosela zesikhashana, i-hedgehog enered izimba izimbobo ezingafika ku-150 cm ubude, noma ifake umgodi oshiyiwe ku-gerbil, fox, noma kwesinye isilwane. INora igaya kuze kufike ekujuleni kuka-50 cm, ekhoneni, emagqumeni noma ngaphansi kwezihlahla. Ukuphela kwayo okwandisiwe kungumhume lapho kuzalwa khona izinsikazi.

Ekwindla, i-hedgehog ene-eyred ikhiqiza amanoni ngentshiseko. IHibernation iqala ngo-Okthoba-Novemba; ukuphaphama kwenzeka ngoMashi-Ephreli. Ngokuvamile, ukucwilisa ubusika kwe-hedgehog ebusika akunamandla njengaleyo hedgehog ejwayelekile. Uvuka kalula aze adle. Ezindaweni ezifudumele, i-hedgehog hibernates kuphela uma kunokudla.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hedgehog ye-eyred

Ezifundeni ezibandayo, izinsikazi zizala kanye ngonyaka, ezindaweni ezifudumele - kabili. Isikhathi sokuzalela ezimweni ezifudumele ziqala ngoJulayi-Septhemba, emazweni abandayo - ngo-Ephreli. Owesifazane udonsela owesilisa kude ngemuva kokuzalela bese edlulela ekwakhiweni noma ekunwetshweni komgodi wokukhulisa izingane. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa e-hedgehog yabesifazane siyizinsuku ezingama-45, futhi ekuqaleni 4-7 izimpumputhe, zinqunu, ziyizingane ezizalayo. Emhlane inemisele engashoni enama-primordia amancane athambile ezinaliti. Ama-hedgehogs asanda kuzalwa awakwazi ukungena ku-glomerulus, eneminyaka engaba yizinsuku ezingama-7 aqala ukukhasa. Emavikini amabili, aqala ukubona kahle futhi akwazi ukugoba kahle, futhi ambozwe ngezinaliti ezinzima, futhi emavikini amathathu ashiya izimbotshana zawo ngokuzolile elangeni bese eqala ukunambitha ukudla kwabantu abadala. Ukuzondla ngobisi kuyaqhubeka phakathi namasonto okuqala ayisithupha okuphila. Cishe izinsuku ezingama-50, ama-hedgehogs amancane aqala impilo yomuntu ozimele yokuzimela. Ukuthomba kwabesifazane kwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-11 kuya kwezingu-12, kwabesilisa - eneminyaka emi-2. Ekudingisweni, i-heredgehog ye-ered ihlala ngokwesilinganiso iminyaka emi-3-6.

Izitha zemvelo ze-hedgehog

I-hedgehog enamehlo amakhulu igugile kunezihlobo zayo - i-hedgehog ejwayelekile. Ebungozini, ngokunqikanqika ejijela ebholeni, kodwa anqekuzisa ikhanda, aqale ukukhonkotha futhi azame ukukhipha umhlaseli.

Uhlobo lolu lumelana namazinga okushisa aphakeme kanye nobuthi obuningi (inyoka, inyosi ne-aspen). Ukuphikiswa, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi ubuthi benyoka bungaphezulu ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingama-45 kunobungulube bezimbali.

Le nhlobo iyisihloko sokuzingela izinyoni zezinyamazane, izimbila, izimpungushe, izimpisi. Imikhaza ye-Ixodid ihlala phezu kwayo, ethwala isifo esinjenge-pyroplasmosis yezilwane ezifuywayo.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo nge hedgehog yered:

• Ama-hedgehogs afakiwe ayizinhlobo zomnotho ezibalulekile futhi ezibalulekile, ngoba zidla izinambuzane nezinambuzane, ngakho-ke zilusizo, ikakhulukazi uma zihlala eduze komuntu.
• Izinhlobo zingeniswe ku-Red Book of Ukraine futhi zidinga ukuvikelwa. Ngalesi sizathu, ama-hedgehogs e-eared agcinwa ezitolo futhi azama ukwandisa inani labantu. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi nokugcina indawo yabo yemvelo, isibonelo, ama-steppes omile. Njengoba kungukuthi impela ukuncishiswa komhlaba we-hedgehog ongaba khona kungenye yezizathu ezinkulu zokuncipha kwenani lalezi zinhlobo.

Imvubu

Kunezinhlobo eziyi-110 zalolu hlobo lwezintuthwane, ezi-5 zihlala eRussia. Zihlala ezindaweni ezomile, zakha izidleke enhlabathini zize zifike kumamitha ambalwa futhi zidla okusanhlamvu. Izintuthwane ziyigcina emakamelweni akhethekile futhi, uma kunesidingo, ikhiphe ukuyoma. Emndenini wabantu abangama-5000, izintuthwane zamasosha ezinamakhanda amakhulu zinomsebenzi okhethekile - zidlala indima yabapheki: zigaya okusanhlamvu ngamamandibuli, kuguqula kube yinhlama yenhlama, edliwa ngabanamahloni. Izintuthwane ezisebenza ekugcineni kwesisu zinezinyosi (i-ovipositor eguquliwe) - isikhali sokuzivikela nokuhlasela.

Impungushe ejwayelekile

Umhlaseli omkhulu ovela emndenini we-canine. Idla ikakhulu ngamagundane anjengegundane, imvamisa hares, izinyoni, izinambuzane, i-carrion. Impungushe igoqa i-hedgehog emanzini, imphoqa ukuba aqonde, bese ebamba ubuso bakhe. Uma kungekho puli eduze, khona-ke umane uthela isilwane ngomchamo (ama-hedgehogs ahlala ephenduka ephunga langaphandle).

Ibheji

I-Predator evela kumndeni womndeni. Imbila inomqondo obukhali kangaka wephunga kangangokuba ithola izidleke zegundane, izibungu, izinambuzane, izibungu zikaMay bugs, azithanda kakhulu, ngokujula kuka-10 cm ngaphansi komhlaba. Isibi singenye yezilwane ezimbalwa ama-hedgehogs angenakukwazi ukumelana nazo: imilenze eqinile enezinqe ezinde ayiniki ithuba lokusindiswa.

Amaqiniso ATHANDAYO

Kwesinye isikhathi kuvela ukuthi abantu balimaza izilwane zasendle bengazi nakancane ngakho. Isibonelo, lapho kuvela iphakethe elisha le-ayisikhilimu kwinethiwekhi kaMcDonald, akukho muntu owayesola ubungozi be-hedgehogs. Abathengi be-Spiky bathola izinkomishi ezilahliwe futhi banamathela amakhanda abo ngaphakathi ukukhotha izinsalela zezinto ezinhle. Futhi yawela ogibeni - ikhanda alizange likhanyele emuva! Ukufa okuningi okuqoshwe phansi nemibhikisho yabameli bezilwane kuholele uMcDonald's ukuthi anciphise ubukhulu bomgodi endebeni ku-200B.

Okuthakazelayo ukwazana kwama-hedgehogs anephunga elingajwayelekile: aqala ukukhonkotha ngokungakhathali kuze kuvele isisi esinamandla, izilwane ezifaka izinaliti. Uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, ama-hedgehogs avame ukuzikhukhumalisa futhi aqale ukugoqa indle yawo. AmaHedgehogs angathambisa izinaliti ngobuthi bezandla futhi ngaleyo ndlela izinhlungu zawo nazo ziba yingozi.

IZIQINISEKISO EZIQHAWULEKILE ZEEHEMU YEMAHLA

• Iklasi: izilwane ezincelisayo.
• Oda: ama -tivtivores.
• Umndeni: ama-hedgehogs.
• Uhlobo: i-eyred hedgehogs.
• Izinhlobo: eared hedgehog.
• Igama lesi Latin:
• IHemiechinus auritus.
• Ubukhulu: umzimba - 12-27 cm, umsila - 1-5 cm, izindlebe - 3-5 cm.
• Isisindo: 250-500 g.
• Umbala: emhlane kusuka kunotshani obukhanyayo kuya onsundu omnyama, izinwele ezisesiswini zikhanya.
• Isikhathi sokuphila se-hedgehog yered: iminyaka engu-5-8.