Mangingenise - spider-ukubhala. Igama le-ejenti uCyclocosmia (uCyclocosmia, uhlobo lomndeni wakwaCtenizidae).

Lesi sicabucabu sihle kakhulu ngokubukeka, kepha lokho kuyigwala nje elisesimweni. Lapho nje ezwa ukuthi lento iphunga uphalafini, ucasha emgodini, ashiye imbongolo yakhe enhle ngaphandle. Futhi hhayi imbongolo nje, kepha isihlangu sangempela. Noma kunjalo, zibonele.

Isisu salesi spider sasibonakala ngathi sivalwe ngophawu lukankulunkulu wasendulo omnyama. Noma, mhlawumbe isicabucabu uqobo simkhonze njengophawu, ngubani owaziyo. Sekuyisikhathi eside. Ngokusho kwe-paleontologists, okhokho beqhawe lethu bazalwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-100 eyedlule. Ngokunembile, izinsalela zabo zitholakala ekudeni okuvela kulesi sikhathi. Ngakho-ke kuvela ukuthi lokhu cishe kuyi-arachnid yakudala kunazo zonke Emhlabeni.

Njengawo wonke ama-ctenizid, i-spider-seal ihlala ku-mink futhi izingela kumqashi. Uklebhula iminkenula ngama-chelicerars ayo, afakwe ngokukhethekile izijikijolo ezibukhali zokumba umhlaba, isigcawu sokwehla komhlaba senza isembozo somhlaba, isihlabathi, izinsalela zezimila nezinye udoti, sizibeka nge-web zibe yinkimbinkimbi eyodwa. Imicu yezimpawu zewebhu ihlelelene mink, futhi kufanelekile ukuba isisulu esingenandaba silimaze esinye sazo, futhi nangu umenyelwa esidlweni sakusihlwa. Njengoba inkambo main, kunjalo.

Uma kungazelelwe kungene muntu okhanyayo, bese isicabucabu siba nesithukuthezi sokuchitha izinsuku zodwa, indlala, amakhaza nobumnyama (kuyaqapheleka ukuthi bachitha iningi lezimpilo zabo emgodini wabo, belinde inyamazane futhi bezonda wonke umuntu nakho konke okusondele), ogulayo ufakelwe ikhokhonathi ama-cobwebs kanye nama-hibernates. Kulesi simo, angahlala izinyanga eziyisithupha, ngaphandle kokudla neziphuzo.

Ebantwini, i-spider-seal ayiyona ingozi, kepha ingalimaza uma iphazanyiswa kungazelelwe. Njengawo wonke ama-misanthropes, akabathandi abantu abangena esidlekeni esihlelwe ngendlela enothando ngaphandle kwesimemo. Nokho, akathandi muntu. Kepha abanye abantu behlukile nje - ngeke bakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kokuxhumana, ngisho nazicabucabu. Ngisho nokwakudala futhi okuhle, njengalokhu kuvidiyo.

Imibhalo Yamuva

• I-EDS yezinsizakalo zikaHulumeni 04/14/2020
• Imiyalo yamakhasimende esizukulwaneni sokusayinwa kwedijithali 03/26/2020
• Sibambe intengo esikule nkinga 03/22/2020
• I-EDS "Rosreestr": intengo nokuthi ungayithola kanjani 03/17/2020
• I-EDS ye- “Regtorg” (I-Regional Trading Platform) 03/16/2020
• I-EDS ukuze ivezwe ngemininingwane 03/13/2020
• I-EDS yokuhweba: malini futhi ungayithola kanjani 03/12/2020
• I-EDS yomuntu ngamunye 03/01/2020

Abalingani bethu

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Amaqiniso mayelana nezicabucabu noma imvelo mama.

Amaqiniso mayelana nezicabucabu ezizokuthusa. Ukulunywa yisicabucabu kusaba konke. Lezi zidalwa ezimbi zigcina zisesaba, kepha ngasikhathi sinye zivimbele inani lomiyane. I-Bazurka yezokuzijabulisa ibona izicabucabu njengephambano phakathi kwamabhere amabi futhi ababulali be-serial. Izicabucabu zithatha enye yezindawo zokuqala kuhlu lwalokho ongeke uthande ukukubona endlini yakho nasebusweni bakho. Ihlulwe ukufunda okuningi:

1. Ispider-tailed spider. Lesi sinengiso singesomndeni wakwa-Arachnur. Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu sine-dimorphism ebekiwe. Okusho ukuthi, iSpider Scorpion-Tailed Spider ifinyelela osayizi abayi-11 kuye kwangama-20 mm, kanti owesilisa ungama-2-3 mm kuphela. Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu luhlala kuphi, ubungacabanga kuphi? Yebo ngaphakathi ingxenye enobuthi kakhulu yeplanethi - i-Australia. Amaqiniso amangalisa kakhulu ukuthi umsila wawo we-scorpion awunobuthi.

Unembile, umsila wesibazi ukhonza kakhulu ukwesabisa isitha kunesikhali. Indlela yabo yokuphila ivamile. Benza ama-cobwebs, akha amanetha wokuzingela, ukuphakama kwamamitha amabili kuya kwamabili ukusuka emhlabathini. Inzalo yalolu hlobo ayinanyama nomsila. Ukulunywa yizicabucabu ezinjalo akunangozi kubantu, kepha kunganikeza ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokuvuvukala. Kepha ujwayele ukuhlala nokuphila ezinhlungwini emzimbeni nasemphefumulweni isikhathi eside - ungakubeka ngokuphepha ebusweni bakho!

Zimboza imisele yazo ngokufihla okuhle, ngenxa yokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuyazi. UKtenizid uhlala ethule emgodini wakhe, awumboze ngephebhu, alinde kuze kube yilapho izintambo zisontekile. Okulandelayo, ugxumela ngaphandle futhi abambe ohlukunyeziwe. Hhayi izinambuzane kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-arthropods amancane azishwabadela ngentokozo. Uma laba bantu bezizwa belambile, abafihli ngisho nokufihla ekujuleni komgodi, kepha babheke ingxenye yokukhosela.

Abesifazane ngokuvamile abalokothi bashiye imingcwabo yabo futhi basabele ngolaka kakhulu lapho besilisa. Izindaba ezimnandi ukuthi isitha sabo siyindlela yomgwaqo. Ukhala ktenizid, uhlala ekhubazekile ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwalokho umgwaqo udoti ubeka amaqanda awo kwisicabucabu. Njengomthetho, munye kuphela, kepha kukhona okuhlukile. Ngemuva kwesikhashana esincane, inzalo embi ye-wasp hatch eqandeni futhi idla isicabucabu, ngokwemvelo iphilayo!

3. I-Trapdoor Spider. I-subspecies ye-ctenizide. Kanye nomngani esimchaze ngenhla - uhlala emgodini. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuyimboza nge-backside yakhe. Lokho wukuthi, ukuze angabi kukudla kothile, unikeza isitha sakhe isitha sakhe. Into ekhona ukuthi ukwakheka kwayo kwehlukile kangangokuba isitha singakwazi ukukuqaphela nokuyihlukanisa ezintweni ezijwayelekile ezilele phansi.

4. Blind Cave Huntsman. Amaqiniso athakazelisa kakhulu mayelana nezicabucabu zaloluhlobo ukuthi atholakala muva nje. Ku-2012 kuphela, kutholwa izicabucabu eziyimpumputhe futhi zafundwa. Le wukuphela kwezinhlobo zesigcawu ezingenamehlo nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, lesi sidalwa sizizwa sinamandla ngokweqile.

Ebumnyameni obungapheli bezwe lakhe elingaphansi, akadingi iso lokulandela umkhondo nokubulala izisulu zakhe. Kwindlela eyodwa yalesi sinengiso umuntu angangena kwi-stupor. Noma ubuka esinye isidalwa esiphilayo, awukwazi ukubona nje kuphela ukwesabeka, kodwa futhi nokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo, vele besicabanga ngomama wakho.

5. IHeteropoda maxima. Izicabucabu ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni, umama wazo! Ngisho ne-birdie-Goliath eyaziwayo yaseNingizimu Melika inemilenze emincane kakhulu. Ukuphila nokubulala iHeteropoda maxima esifundazweni saseKhammuan (Laos).

Ubukhulu balesi spider buyamangalisa. Abesilisa banesikhala somlenze esifinyelela kumasentimitha amathathu, kanti izinsikazi zikhulu ngokuphindwe kabili nohafu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bobabili ubulili abufani ngombala. Cabanga nje ukuthi kuhle kangakanani ukuvuka ekuseni entwasahlobo bese uzizwa ukukhonkotha kwamathe akhe ebusweni bakho.

6. Isigaxa sesiqu. Empeleni, igama liyazikhulumela. Uhlobo lwesigcawu esingajwayelekile, ukubukeka kwalo kungamangaza. Ngokuqala kokuqala, leli igatsha elijwayelekile, noma okunye okunjalo. Noma kunjalo, bhekisisa ... okuthe xaxa ...

7. Isicabucabu Esinezimpondo. Kukhona into enjalo, Umama Imvelo namanje lowo umsunguli. Akukhona ukuthi lobu buqili nje obungcolile bugqoke imaskhi kaSathane, ngazo zonke izinhlobo zawo, lesi spider sibukeka kabi. Manje, singavuka njalo ekuseni, sibonga uSomandla, ngoba lokhu kusabeka akuhlali ngobuso bethu. Yize ungakhohlwa ukuhlola izingubo zangaphansi.

8. I-Ladybug - Isikhala Sokulinganisa. Isicabucabu se-ladybug sihlala esifundeni saseVoronezh, eKazakhstan naseningizimu yeYurophu (i-Ukraine maphakathi neYurophu). Ngokwenye inganekwane, lapho eqala ukuyithola, indoda ethile yacabanga ukuthi kwakuyindawo yokuloba yezinhlanzi. Vuma, umbala ukhanye kakhulu, njenge-arachnid.

Abesilisa balesi silwane bahlala indlela yokuphila elahlekile, kepha lapho nje sebethola owesimame, bahlala naye emgodini ofanayo. Bahlangane ndawonye futhi bazingele ndawonye. Ngokubambisana nenzalo iyazalwa. Umama uthatha amathole ngezinsuku ezifudumele ngaphandle, afudumele, awabuyise kusihlwa. I-ladybug yesicabucabu (eyesilisa) ifa maphakathi nekwindla. Izingane zabo zihlala ubusika bonke nonina, ozifa entwasahlobo kuphela futhi izingane zibonga zidla isidumbu sakhe.

Kodwa-ke, kusekhona amaqiniso mayelana nezicabucabu zalolu hlobo. Ngubani kithi ongazange ajabule ukubona i-ladybug?! Isinambuzane esihle esifundiswe ukusibamba. Ngemuva kwemininingwane engezansi, uzoqeda lo mkhuba. Ngakho-ke, amaqiniso mayelana nezicabucabu zalolu hlelo ayathakazelisa kakhulu - ngoba okokuqala uzobona isinambuzane esikujwayele.

Ngokwesiko elidala elihle, uzolilanda. Okulandelayo, kulethe ebusweni bakho ukusakaza isipelingi futhi ukhulule lesi sinambuzane esibhakabhakeni. Kepha, ngaso leso sikhathi lapho izindebe zakho namehlo akho ephambene phambi kwalesi sidalwa, okulandelayo kuzokulindela ...

Damn wena, mama - imvelo! Le nto kuphela efika engqondweni. Vele, usuvele wabona ukuthi umbhali walesi sihloko yi-arachnophobe. Yize lokhu akuyona inkinga yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, kodwa into ayijwayelekile impela. Uma ungenayo i-arachnophobia futhi awuboni lutho olubi nolubi kulesi sihloko, ngaphandle kokuthi ihlaya ngonyoko, yiya esihogweni! Iba nosuku oluhle.

Incazelo nokubukeka kwe-ctenizide

Kuzinhlobo ezingamashumi amane ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-ctenizides, ngaphansi kweshumi kuchazwe futhi kufundwe kahle, kanti nezinhlobo ezingamashumi amathathu nantathu zitholakele muva nje. Naphezu kwendawo ebanzi yokusatshalaliswa, ulwazi olunganele alungenxa yendlela yokuphila ebusuku kuphela, kodwa futhi ekusithekeni kwale arthropod.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Ezinye izinhlobo zeCtenizidae zathola igama lazo ukuhlonipha abalingiswa abadumile kakhulu noma nje abantu abadumile, kufaka phakathi uSarlakka ovela enkolweni nasendaweni edume umhlaba wonke ethi "Star Wars" kanye noMongameli wamanje waseMelika - Barack Obama.

Ukwehluka kwezinhlobo zezilwane kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukukhomba ngokunemba ngangokunokwenzeka, ngakho-ke kunconyelwa ukugxila kulezi zici eziphambili ezilandelwayo kwizicabucabu ezivela emndenini we-ctenizid:

• umzimba umnyama noma onsundu ngombala,
• amazinyo wesicabucabu salolu hlobo aqondiswa phansi
• ezinye izinhlobo zezimpawu zibonakala ngokuba khona kwamabala abushelelezi emzimbeni noma ijazi elibuthuntu,
• izinsikazi zikhulu kunabesilisa, kodwa empeleni azishiyi izimbobo, futhi kuyaqabukela kakhulu ukuzibona zisesimweni semvelo.

Abesilisa banesitho esifushane nesigaxa somzimba wokuphotha. Engxenyeni ephakathi yezandulelo kukhona inqubo ephindwe kabili. Umehluko obonakalayo ukuba khona kwe-carapace ebuthuntu embozwe izinwele ezinombala onsundu wegolide. Ama-palp afana nokufana kwangaphandle namagilavu ​​wesibhakela. Amehlo ahlelwe ngemigqa emibili eqinile emine. Isici sezinhlobo ezithile asisimbili, kodwa imigqa emithathu yamehlo. Ama-Ctenizides ahlala edidaniswa nomugqa womchamo nobuthi be-funnel.

Habitat

Ngokombono wokubukwa kwezwe, ukusatshalaliswa kwama-ctenizides kungabhekwa njengesiyaluyalu, esivame ukucaciswa yizici zokushayela kwezwekazi. Izinhlobo eziningi zomndeni zitholakala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe. Amanani aleli arthropod ahlala esifundeni esiseningizimu-mpumalanga nePacific yaseMelika, iGuatemala, neMexico, izifundazwe zaseChina kanye nendawo ebalulekile yeThailand, Canada ne-Australia.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Cishe zonke izinhlobo zezilwane zichazwe yisazi saseMelika kumaCtenizids uJason Bond, ohola iMnyuziyamu Womlando Wemvelo. Esihlokweni sesayensi, usosayensi uzwakalise ukumangala ngokweqiniso ngokuhlukahluka okungafaniyo kwendawo yokuhlala iCtenizidae

Ikakhulu ikakhulukazi ama-ctenizid ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene atholakala emadundwini esihlabathi sasogwini, amahlathi e-oki, nasezindaweni eziphakeme zaseSierra Nevada. I-Mink ctenizid ihlukaniswa ubuhlakani nobuqili, ngakho-ke iyakwazi ukuhlela izicupho ngegatsha elingaboni. Ukungena negatsha kumbozwe yisembozo sesicabucabu esiminyene sewebhu, kanti inyamazane ebanjwe ugibe olunjalo ngeke isakwazi ukuphuma.

Umsoco

Isicabucabu se-ctenizid esishisayo esihlala emgodini ongaphansi komhlaba singalinda inyamazane yaso sihleli endlini yokuhlala, lapho kutholakala khona izintambo zesiginali ezikhethekile zewebhu. Njengoba lesi sinambuzane esincane sidlula, umnyango wesicabha uyavuleka futhi i-arthropod ihlasela isisulu sayo ngejubane lombani. Ukuze ubambe inyamazane, kusetshenziswa ama-forelimbs anamandla anamandla, futhi ngosizo lwamazinyo anobuthi obuyize angangenwa isisulu. Ukubamba noma yiphi inyamazane elengayo, i-ktenizid ngeke idlule imizuzwana engu-0.03-0.04.

Lokhu kuyathakazelisa! Naphezu kosayizi wayo omncane, hhayi izinambuzane kuphela, kodwa namanye ama-arthropods amancane, kanye nama-vertebrates amancane, angaba inyamazane ktenizid yabantu abadala.

Ngenkathi yokuzingela, ama-ctenizid uqobo angaba yisisulu sompango womgwaqo. Lesi sinambuzane siluma isicabucabu, okuholela ekukhubazekeni okuphelele kwe-arthropod. I-parasitoid ibeka amaqanda emzimbeni we-ktenizide engafakwanga amandla, kanti nesicabucabu uqobo siba ukudla kwenzalo ebonakalayo yomgwaqo wasemgwaqweni.

Ukuzala

Okukhombisa kakhulu ukusatshalaliswa kweCentral Asia ktenizide. Le arthropod enosayizi omncane, omzimba wayo ungadluli amasentimitha ambalwa ubude, iba nombala onsundu ngokubomvu nesisu esingenalutho, esishubile. Abantu abadala bamba iminki, okujula kuyo okuvame ukudlula uhhafu wemitha.

I-mink eqediwe iboshwe ngama-cobwebs ukusuka ngaphakathi, futhi umnyango uvaliwe ngesivalo esikhethekile esine- "eduze". Umnyango onjalo uzivalela wedwa futhi wenze ikhaya liphephe futhi lihlale kahle. Amaqanda afakiwe agqoke ukhukhunathi, futhi inzalo yesicabucabu ezelwe emhlabeni ihlala “ezindlini zabazali” ize izimele ngokuphelele. Ukudla, kusetshenziswa ukudla okuchotshoziwe kanye nokugayidwa, okugcotshwa ngowesifazane.

Ekhaya, ama-ctenizides ayivelakancane kakhulu.. Njengomthetho, abantu ababanjwe endaweni yemvelo basebenzisa isilwane. Ekudingisweni, kufiseleka ukuqukatha izinhlobo ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha izinkuni. Uma abesifazane bekwazi ukuhlala endaweni yabo yemvelo yeminyaka engamashumi amabili, kanti abesilisa bancipha kane, khona-ke ekhaya ama-arthropods anjengomthetho, afa ngokushesha ngokwanele.

Umehluko ohlukile phakathi kwama-ctenizides nezinye izinhlobo zezicabucabu ze-migalomorphic ubukhona bezindawo ezibukhali ku-chelicera, ngenxa yokuthi i-arthropod ikwazi ukugaya umhlabathi ngokushesha. Ekhaya, isilwane esinjalo sidinga ukwaba indawo enamakamelo futhi ejulile egcwele inhlabathi, esizovumela isicabucabu sizenzele ikhaya. I-arthropod yeTropiki idinga izinga lokushisa elizinzile nomswakama ofanele. Ungathenga i-ktenizide kusuka kuma-arachnophiles, ahlanganyela ekuzaliseni izinhlobo zezilwane ekhaya. Izindleko zabantu abadala azidluli ama-ruble ayinkulungwane nengxenye.