I-Amazon (i-Amazonas) ingumfula eNingizimu Melika, omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni maqondana nosayizi wamabhasikidi nokuqukethwe kwamanzi. Kwenziwe ukuguqulwa kwemifula iMaranyon neKukayali. & Nbsp
Kuyisifo esithathelanayo esibi esihambisana nomkhuhlane, ubuthakathaka, umkhuhlane, ukulahlekelwa yinhliziyo,
Ngizwile kaninginingi ukuthi iqiniso lokuthi ingane ayinqunyelwe masinyane ngemuva kokuzalwa, i-ZHEKI idinga ukukhokhelwa kwezidingo zayo yonke iminyaka
Ngangihlala ngizibuza ukuthi ingakanani inyama ekhona kumasoseji amasoseji nososeji.
Sawubona. Nginentshisekelo kulo mbuzo, ngingashayela kanjani i-Ukraine ngocingo oluqondile noma lwasendlini evela phesheya?
Kukuliphi idolobha lomhlaba, okwamanje (01.2008), inani eliphakeme lemigqa kamasipala likhona?
Yikuphi kwezishayamthetho zaseGrisi yasendulo amukela imithetho eqine kakhulu?
Kungani i-bluhlaza ibizwa kanjalo.
Uyazi ukuthi iyini i-polyandry futhi le nto igcinwa kuphi?
Ukubukeka kwe-Eastern tarsier
Izigxobo zeTarsier zinemizimba emifushane embozwe ngompunga ompunga. Ngobude, afinyelela kuphela amasentimitha angama-9.5-11, futhi umsila usukela ku-20 kuye kuma-26 cm.
Ikhanda lincane, umsila mncane futhi mude, umbozwe ngokuphelele izikali, njengegundwe, futhi ekugcineni kukhona ibhulashi le-fluffy.
Izimbambo zinde, kabili ubude becala. Iminwe inciphile, ngosizo lwabo ama-tarsiers akhuphuka kalula izihlahla. Izipikili zinde futhi zibukhali. Ezinyaweni, izinzwani zesibili nezesithathu zinokwakheka kozipho, ama-tarsiers abo asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza uboya. Amehlo makhulu. Izindlebe futhi zinkulu, zihamba kahle. Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane ngosayizi.
I-tarsier eseMpumalanga (iTarsius tarsier).
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-tarsiers womoya
Ama-Ghost tarsiers anezinkathi ezi-2 zokuzalela, igebe lezinyanga ezi-6 likhona phakathi kwazo. Isikhathi sokuqala ama-tarsiers asempumalanga aqala ukuzala ekuqaleni kwesizini yemvula, futhi ngokwesibili - ekugcineni kwayo. Izingane ziyavela ngoMeyi noma ngoNovemba.
Amakhulu akhula ngokushesha: ngosuku lwama-23 akwazi ukuhamba yedwa, kuthi ngosuku lwama-26 athole ukudla kwawo. Abesifazane abasebasha abashiyi umndeni kuze kube isikhathi sokufikisa, futhi abesilisa bayawushiya umndeni njengoba bekhula.
Ama-Tarsiers aneminwe emide futhi emincane enamaphakethe athambile athuthukisa ukubamba.
Maki-brownie yokuphila
Badla izinambuzane, bazibambe bagxume, beshona phansi. Ama-Tarsiers aphuza amanzi. Ama-poppies awahambi ebusuku, futhi phakathi nosuku aphumula emagatsheni amile noma alala emigodini. Lapho zilala ezihlahleni, zisebenzisa imisila njengesisekelo, zizisonga emagatsheni. Ama-tersiers we-Ghost awakhi izidleke.
Uma ama-tarsiers esaba ngesikhathi sokuphumula, uzozama ukwethusa isitha futhi uzoshesha wehle esihlahleni sesihlahla ngomlomo wakhe uvulekile, alume amazinyo. Agxuma njengamaxoxo. Ukusuka endaweni eyisicaba, angakwazi ukuphonsa ngamamilimitha angama-600 ukuphakama namamilimitha angama-1700 ubude. Lapho indlu ye-poppy igxuma, umsila wayo uphakanyiswa ngochuku, futhi lapho ihamba ngemilenze emine, umsila wehliselwa phansi.
I-tarsier eseMpumalanga iyasebenza ebusuku, inombono omuhle ebusuku. Ikhanda lakhe liyakwazi ukuguqula cishe u-360 °.
Ama-tire tarsiers ahlala endaweni ethile, amaka imingcele yawo. Ukuze benze lokhu, bagcobhoza iziqu zezihlahla namagatsha ngoboya, oboshwe ngumchamo.
I-Tarsi tarsier
I-subspecies ye-ghost tarsier yi-tarsier emfishane. Ihlala e-Indonesia, Sulawesi, emahlathini ashisayo nemvula, akhula endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayinkulungwane ezimbili.
Ama-taraders we-Dwarf anesisindo esingama-80-165 amagremu kuphela, okungaba ngama-75% kasayizi wamanani we-tarsiers ajwayelekile. Izindlebe zetariers emincane nazo zincane.
Ama-Tarsiers akha amaqembu emindeni emincane aqukethe insikazi, eyodwa noma ezimbili izinsikazi ezinkulisa, kanye nenzalo yazo
Ukufaka imibala emigqeni emincane yetjani ikakhulu ngimpunga noma ibomvu ngombala; amabala ansundu noma amhlophe angabonakala ku-fur. Ijazi lide, li-fluffy futhi licwebile. Isisu ngimpunga enoboya. Umsila mude - kufinyelela kumamilimitha angama-275, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu imbozwe izikali, kanti enye ibushelelezi kakhulu, umbala umsila onsundu noma umnyama.
Ama-tarware we-dwarf anamehlo amakhulu kakhulu: ububanzi bawo bungama-16 mm. Ngenxa yalamehlo, ama-tarsiers anesibukezo esihle kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, ayakwazi ukuzungeza intamo engu-360 degrees.
Izandla ze-tarsiers emincane zincane, njengoba zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukunyakaza, hhayi ukuzingela. Izipikili zithotshisiwe, izeluleko zazo zigobile, zisiza ama-tarsiers ukuhlala eqondile, ngenkathi egibela izihlahla.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ukubuka: I-Tarsius spectrum Pallas, 1779 = Ghost tarsiers, Eastern tarsier, poppies-brownie
Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane ngosayizi. Inezinkathi ezimbili zokukhwelana nokuvalwa kwezinyanga eziyi-6. Esokuqala sinikezelwe ekuqaleni kwenkathi yemvula, okwesibili kuze kube sekupheleni kwenkathi yemvula. AmaCuba azalwa ngoMeyi nangoNovemba-Disemba. Ama-tarsiers amasha akhula ngokushesha - ngosuku lwe-23 emva kokuzalwa angakwazi ukuhamba, kanti ngomhla wama-26 azingela eyedwa. Izinsikazi ezisencane zihlala nomndeni kuze kube isikhathi sokuthomba, kuyilapho abesilisa abancane beshiya umndeni lapho besebancane.
Ama-tarsiers we-Dwarf - Tarsius pumilus - a subspecies of the Ghost tarsier - spectrum Tarsius. Ihlala esifundeni esiphakathi neSulawesi, Indonesia, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-1800-2200 ngaphezu kwezintaba emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo. Lesi silwane sinesisindo esingu-80-165 g.Tarsius pumilus sincane ngosayizi. Ubude bomzimba nekhanda buyi-85-160 mm, okungukuthi, ingama-75% kuphela kasayizi wamanye ama-tarsiers. Izindlebe zakhe zincane.
Umbala uyafana ne-Tarsius spectrum - iningi liphuzi noma libomvu ngombala, lingaba namabala amhlophe, akhanyayo ansundu, izinwele ezithobile, ezinde futhi ikakhulukazi eziluhlaza. Phansi kwesisu kunguboya obumpunga. Ubude bomsila bungama-135-275 mm, umbala wayo onsundu noma umnyama, uqwebile kakhulu. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yalo imbozwe esikalini. Enye into ye-tarsier ngamehlo ayo amakhulu ayi-16 mm ububanzi. Lokhu kuvumela ukuba babe nokubuka okuhle, ngaphezu kwalokho, intamo ingazungeza ama-degree angama-360. Izingalo ezingenhla zimfishane, futhi izingalo zincanyana, ngoba zisetshenziselwa ukunyakaza kakhulu kunokuzingela (ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zama-tarsiers). Izikhonkwane ngeminwe emihlanu nakuzwane ezimbili, zithambile futhi zigobile emaphethelweni, zisetshenziselwa ukubamba isidumbu endaweni eqondile ngenkathi sihamba ngezihlahla. Akusebenzeleki. U-Prey ubanjwa nge-gxuma futhi ungqongqozwe phansi yi-paws. Baphuza amanzi.
AmaTarsiers aqala indlela yokuphila yobusuku obumnandi, alale emini emigodini noma emagatsheni ezihlahla aqonde phezulu, kuthi lapho sekugcina, ngomsila wawo azimboze egatsheni ukuze athole ukwesekwa. Izinzwa azakhiwa.
Bethukile ngesikhathi sokuphumula, bazama ukwethusa isitha: bagijimela phezulu bame esihlahleni somuthi, bavule imilomo futhi balume amazinyo abo. Ukugxuma kwabo kukhumbuza isele. Ephahleni elithe tyaba, ayakwazi ukugxuma ubude obuyi-1200 kuya ku-1700 mm aze afike ku-600 mm ukuphakama, kuyilapho eqa umsila edonswa ngodobo. Bahamba ngemilenze emine, kuyilapho umsila ulenga phansi ngalesi sikhathi.
Bahlala endaweni ethile, imingcele yayo iphawulwa ngokuhlikihla amagatsha neziqu zezihlahla ngoboya obumanzi obuchama umchamo. Bahlala ngababili, bahlala ndawonye isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-15.
Ingubo ende yomndeni - Familia Tarsiidae
Ama-clan tarsiers - uhlobo lwethoni
- I-Tarsius spectrum Pallas, 1779 (III, 114)
Indlela Yokuphila Nebhayoloji
Ukuze uthole i-ecology, bheka incazelo ye-Kalimantan tarsier. Zidla ikakhulu izinambuzane, kanye nama-lizons kanye nama-crustaceans. Akunakunyuswa kokuzala. Ukukhulelwa cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha.
I-LONG GHOST (ithambo le-Tarsius)
Inezinhlobo ezimbili ezifanayo: i-tarsier Filipino, noma i-syrihta (T. syrichta) ne-tarsi banana (T. bancanus). Zonke izinhlobo zihlanganisa izingxenyana ezingama-12. Ama-Tarsiers asakazekile eSoutheast Asia, futhi uhlobo ngalunye lutholakala eziqhingini ezithile. Ngakho-ke, i-syrihta itholakala ePhilippines (eMindanao, eSamar, e-Leite, e-Bohol Islands), e-banana tarsier - eSumatra, Kalimantan, eBhange, eSerasan, e-ghost tarsier - eSulawesi, eSalayar naseziqhingini eziseduze.
Ama-Tarsiers ayizilwane ezincane. Zinenhloko enkulu eyindilinga, isizalo esikhulu futhi esifushane ngamehlo amakhulu kakhulu, sibheke phambili, njengezinkawu. Izindlebe zikhulu, azinalutho futhi ziyasebenza. Umlomo ubanzi. Ubukhulu bekhanda nomzimba buyi-8.5-16 cm, umsila mude (13.5-27 cm), unqunu, ngebhulashi lezinwele ekugcineni. Isisindo somzimba 95-165 g.
Amaphethelo amafushane kakhulu kunezinyawo ezingemuva, ingxenye yesithende (i-tarsus) iphakanyisiwe ikakhulukazi onyaweni, lapho kuthathwe khona igama lesilwane - i-tarsiers (Tarsius). Isandla nonyawo kuyabamba, ngeminwe emide emincane, ekugcineni kwayo kukhona amaphinikhodi andisiwe asebenza njengezinkomishi zokumunca lapho ukhwela izihlahla. Yonke iminwe ifakelwe izipikili, kodwa ezinzwaneni zesibili nezesithathu kukhona izigqoko zangasese.
Uboya be-tarsus bukhulu impela, bumpunga ngombala, ngokwemibala ejwayelekile kanye nokuba khona kwezindawo ezahlukahlukene, kuyahlukahluka ezinhlotsheni nasezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene. Isisu, amathanga angaphakathi kanye nemikhonto icishe ibe nqunu, imbozwe izinwele zodwa eziqothulayo. Izingono 2-3 ngazimbili.
Ku-ghost tarsier (T. spectrum), noma i-poppies-brownie, amehlo aphathelene nosayizi womzimba makhulu kunawo wonke amehlo ezinsikazi, aphuzi futhi akhanya ebumnyameni. Abantu bendawo babheka ukuthi la ma-tarsiwit ayabanjwa futhi abesabe.
AmaTarsiers ahlala eyedwa noma ngababili, ahamba phambili ngokuphila ebusuku emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo, imvamisa ezindaweni ezinamanzi aphansi nasogwini, atholakala emahlathini we bamboo, ezihlahleni ezincane noma emahlathini aphakathi acacisiwe. Ntambama balala ezindaweni ezimnyama, ezicashile noma emigodini yezihlahla. Bayaphumula, banamathele ngawo wonke amalunga esiqwini esiqondile sezihlahla ezincane futhi baphumula amakhanda ngamadolo, umsila usebenza njengokusekelwa. Balala endaweni efanayo, bagebha amakhanda abo phakathi kwezandla zabo.
Izitha zama-tarsiers ziyizikhova. Nazo ngokwazo zidla izinambuzane, izicabucabu, izibankwa, zime ngemilenze emibili futhi zincika emsileni ongenalutho, lezi zilwane ezimangazayo ezinamaphambili wazo ziletha ukudla emilonyeni yazo, ngenkathi ziguqula amakhanda azo nxazonke, ezingazungeza u-180 °. Amanzi ahlanganiswa, kanye nama-lemurs.
Ama-Tarsiers ahamba eqa aze afike ku-1 m ubude. Eqa egatsheni eya egatsheni noma esihlahleni esihlahleni, kwesinye isikhathi aphonsa imilenze yawo emuva njengamaxoxo. Umsila usebenza njengesihele ngesikhathi sokugxuma.
I-Tarsiuse iphindaphindeka kungakhathalekile ukuthi isiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa izinyanga eziyisithupha, kuzalwa ingane eyodwa, embozwe izinwele, ngamehlo avulekile. Ngokushesha unamathela esiswini sikamama ngayo yonke imilenze futhi angakhuphuka namagatsha ngokuzimela. Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, umama uthwala iwundlu ngomlomo, njengekati lekati. Mayelana nesikhathi sokumiswa kokukhulelwa kanye nokuvuthwa kwengalo akwaziwa.
I-Ghost tarsier, ehlala eziqhingini zaseSulawesi naseSalayar eSoutheast Asia, iyisidalwa esingajwayelekile. Akazange abe mude, kepha unamehlo amakhulu kunawo wonke ahlobene nosayizi womzimba phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo. Amehlo aphuzi futhi, ngokwezindaba zabahlali bendawo, akhanya ebumnyameni. Isintu sibheka ama-tarsiers ench futhi esaba ngawo.
Ama-tarsiers ngokwawo awanangozi; phakathi nosuku alala emigodini noma kwenye indawo emnyama. Lapho bengakwazi ukuthola indawo emnyama yokulala, babambelela esiqwini somuthi ngqo ngawo wonke imilenze, banciphise amakhanda abo futhi bangcwabe ubuso babo emadolweni. Ngakho-ke chitha isikhathi sokulala sasemini. Iya kuzingela ebusuku: funa izicabucabu, izinambuzane, izibankwa. Banokudla bemi ngemilenze emibili, ngasikhathi sinye baletha ukudla emilenzeni ngezandla, ngobuhlakani balume izingcezu bese beguqula amakhanda abo, angajikeleza u-180 ° C. Amanzi ahlanganiswa njengama-lemurs - ngomlomo.
Ukuguqulwa komqondo womuntu komuntu kube ngamanani we-tarsiers.
Ama-Tarsiers abukeka engajwayelekile, angabubula njengezinkawu. Banemilenze emide nezingalo ezimfushane, okubenza babukeke njengamadoda amancane. (Kuwo wonke ama-anthropoids, ngaphandle kwabantu, kunalokho, anemilenze emifushane nezingalo ezinde.) Kuma-tarsiers, ubuso obufushane nobuchopho obukhulu, ibanga elincane phakathi kwamehlo aqondiswe phambili. Umgogodla unamathele kugebhezi oluvela ngezansi, njengasebantwini, hhayi uhlangothi olufana nezinkawu. Amaphethelo ngaphakathi nangaphakathi kwamathanga akunazinwele. Kukhona udonga lwamathambo phakathi kwe-ophthalmic ne-fossa yesikhashana, njengasebantwini (lemurs inomgodi kule ndawo). Kuma-tarsiers, njengasebantwini, akukho thambo ku-penis kanye ne-clitoris (isici esibonisa izilwane eziningi eziphakeme). Banayo i-placenta ewayo. Imvamisa kuzalwa iwundlu elilodwa (amawele angavamile). Sigxuma sisuka egatsheni siye kwelinye, sigcina isimo somzimba sime mpo, okubenza bafanane nabantu. Ezingalweni nasemilenzeni, izipikili, futhi kuphela izinzwane zesibili nezesithathu zinezinwele, izinzwani ezinkulu ziphikisana nazo zonke ezinye. I-biochemistry yegazi ye-tarsier ifana ne-biochemistry yegazi lomuntu, kukhona ukufana kwe-cell biochemistry.
Tarsier. Izimpawu ezisondeza abantu: a - ubuchopho obukhulu, b - ukuba khona kodonga lomjikelezo, c - isigaba esifushane sobuso besigaxa, d - ukungabi khona kwethambo e-penis, e - imilenze isikhathi eside kunezingalo, e - ukuma mpo komzimba lapho unyakaza.
Zonke lezi zici ze-tarsiers zavumela uWood Jones ngesikhathi sakhe ukuthi umuntu angaveli kuma-anthropoids, kodwa aqhamuka kuma-tarsiers. Kodwa-ke, ukufana okumangazayo kwama-tarsiers nabantu kusivumela ukuthi sibeke phambili umcabango ohlukile: ama-tarsiers (womabili amafosili emvelo, okwakudala inani elikhulu, cishe i-genera engu-30, futhi yanamuhla) avela esidalweni esidala esihle, esifana nomuntu wanamuhla.
Kusuka encwadini ethi Horror. Ukulandisa okubonisiwe kwemimoya emibi yombhali u-Igor Vinokurov
Izindawo ezinkulu esibhedlela esibhedlela sokubeletha Ngobusuku bangoJuni 11, 1990, ngahamba kwesinye seziteshi zikaMasipala waseMosto ngajoyina uV. Mokhov, O. Efimov, ababengilindile, kanye namanye amalungu eqembu lethu. Enye yazo, ngizoyikhetha ngezokuqala zikaJ.V., ezinamandla, njengoba ngangazi, isipiliyoni sokudingiswa
IV. Izigxobo Nezikhulu Esingena endaweni yokunaka okumangazayo nokuthokozisayo kwawo wonke umuntu othambekele kokumangazayo kakhulu - singena emhlabeni wabangasekho, kuzona neziphepho. Lapha kuzofanele siqaphele ikakhulukazi ukuthi singaphumi emingceleni
Umbuzo we-Ghosts: Kryon othandekayo, ngihlangane nomsebenzi omubi kakhulu wokubi. Ngokwamagama akho ngiyazi ukuthi "izipoki" zikhona endaweni ehlukile kuneyethu. Kepha ngidinga ukubaqonda. Angikholelwa ebubini. Ngicabanga ukuthi kuwukuntula uthando kuphela
Izikhulumi noma ama-hallucinations? Ukuqala, isikhathi eside, wonke umuntu obona isiporho noma isiporho waphinda wabonwa "njengogula ngekhanda", futhi noma ngabe iyiphi i-phantom kwathiwa iyinto ebonakalayo. Ngokusho kososayensi balesosikhathi, obani, njengoba wazi, ababekhungatheka ebuchosheni
Magubane, ungubani? "Umuntu uyashintsha, kepha izipoki kusukela ngesikhathi seGibhithe Lasendulo zisalingana," kusho u-Andrew Lang. Selokhu kukhulunywa la magama, imibono yethu ngabavakashi abavela kwelinye izwe ithuthukiswe kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale kancane kancane
Izidumbu zeVersailles Omunye wemihlangano yesipoki eyaziwa kakhulu ngekhulu lama-20 kwakuwukuvela kwezigxobo zabantu kanye nezakhiwo ze-Lesser Trianon, njengoba kwenzeka eVersailles ngawo-1770s, ngaphambi kweMvukelo yaseFrance yango-1789. Imibiko yokuqala yokuvela kwesipoki ku-Encane
Amagagasi ezithombeni Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-19, kwasungulwa ikhamera nezithombe. Lokhu okutholakele kwenza ukuthi kungagcini kuphela ukugcina izithombe zabantu bangempela nemicimbi, kodwa futhi kube okwesikhashana ukungena emhlabeni wezinto ezingaziwa nezingaqondakali. Futhi weqa umugqa ngo-1862
Izindiza ezindizeni zezindiza I-Lockheed L-1011 yabagibeli ibicishe ilungele ukuhamba: unjiniyela wezindiza aqede ukuhlolwa kuqala kwemishini nezinsimbi. “Ungazihluphi,” kusho uDon Repo umshayeli oyindiza, wathi kuye, "sengibheke konke." Kepha unjiniyela wendiza lokhu
Izindawo ezinkulu ezinkulumeni Ingxoxo mayelana neziphephelo kungenzeka iqale ukusuka eNgilandi, lapho lezi zinhlaka ezingaziwa ukuthi zikhethwe yizindlu eziningi ezindala, izifunda ezilahliwe, nezinye izindawo ethule.Futhi-ke, iningi labo lihlala ezindlini zobukhosi nasezinqabeni. Thatha okungenani
Isahluko 4. Imimoya ejwayelekile, kubalulekile ukwenza ukubhuka futhi uhlukanise imiqondo ye "izipoki" ne "poltergeist". Imisebenzi yangaphambili ivame ukuhlotshaniswa nabafileyo, eyokugcina - enezindlu ezitholakala kwisiza somsebenzi we-geomagnetic, futhi kwesinye isikhathi nabantu abaphilayo abengekho
Imimoya Nezidlakudla Ngokusho kwemibono ethandwayo, isipoki yisidalwa esake saphila. Ngemuva kwekufa kwemtimba, imibono nemizwa yalesidalwa yahlala emhlabeni. Lo mkhuba ubizwa nangokuthi "imimoya eboshelwe emhlabeni." Cishe lokhu
“Ukuvezwa” kwesipoki Ngo-1956, isazi sezenhlalo saseMelika, uHornell Hart, sachaza zonke izici eziyinhloko zesipoki. Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwakhe, awukho umehluko phakathi kwama-phantoms wezilwane eziphila nezifile. Bonke bangabantu ngesimo sezibalo ezi-translucent ezinobukhulu noma
Iziphoxo zothando Yize ama-phantoms eyizidalwa zakwelinye izwe, amaqiniso amaningi akhombisa ukuthi ayihlukile nemizwa yabantu, kufaka phakathi, ngokumangazayo, uthando futhi ... ngisho nezocansi. Kudokotela odumile waseNew York
Izindawo ezinkulu zeNgilandi yangezikhathi zasendulo Uma sibheka e-Europe yangezikhathi zasendulo, sizothola izwe elinezindaba zalo eziyisiprofetho eligcina konke ukwethuka kwabo. Le yiNgilandi, lapho ukuhlanganiswa okuhle kwezimpumelelo ezinhle zeCeltic, iRoma yakudala, i-Anglo-Saxon ne