I-THINKOTEL NEMAI (Pygathrix nemaeus) okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo ezisezinhlotsheni zohlobo lwe-pigatrixes ngumzimba omncane wamaNemean (P. nemaeus) kanye nomzimba onamakhanda amnyama waseNemean (P. n. nigripes) ngezindlela ezingaphansi. Umbala woboya besikhumba somzimba omncane waseNemean uqhakazile futhi awujwayelekile. Ekuqalekeni kubukeka sengathi lesi silwane sigqoke isembatho semfashini. Ubizwa ngokuthi "inkawu egqoke", futhi "monkey-duke". Ingaphezulu lomzimba nezinhlangothi zimpunga, intamo, isifuba, amahlombe, kanye nengxenye engenhla yangaphambili nezingalo zesinqe kumnyama, ezandleni kukhona “amagilavu” amhlophe, emilenzeni kukhona “amasokisi” abomvu, umsila kanye nendawo engunxantathu ngaphansi kwayo imhlophe, iribhoni ebomvu yangaphakathi. ngesimo somgexo kuhamba eceleni kwesifuba kuya emahlombe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbala owodwa ushintsha ungene komunye ngokushesha onomngcele obukhali. Ubuso obungenalutho, izintende, amasende, ne-sciatica ziphuzi. Ama-buccal Tufts amhlophe. Umuntu omfishane waseNemean onezinyawo ezimnyama unamagilavu "ampunga", futhi zonke izitho zomzimba womnyama zimnyama, isikhumba sobuso simnyama.
Ukubukeka
Ngokubukeka kwazo ngokweqile, lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izinkawu ngengubo yemfashini", futhi yizihlobo ezimbalwa zamuva kuphela ezingafaniswa nokukhanya kwemibala. Wool nemean tonkotel kusuka kokumpunga okukhanyayo kuya okumpunga okumnyama. Ukusuka emadolweni kuye ezinyaweni, iba yi-hue ebomvu ensundu, futhi ukusuka ezinqeni kuya ezintendeni zezandla kumhlophe (nezintende nezinyawo zimnyama). Isisulu salezi zinkawu sisegolide, sakhiwe ngamakhonkco amade amhlophe, omnyama kakhulu emadodeni. Le motley ensemble iqedwa ngamashiya ayimomotheka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nomsila omude onxantathu omhlophe ngaphansi. Cishe akukho mehluko obonakalayo phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa bama-singlebod aseNemean, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezimbili ezimhlophe ezinhlangothini ze-oblium. Ubude bomzimba babo bobabili ubulili bufika ku-55-61 cm, kepha-ke, umsila wesilisa ubude - kusuka ku-60 kuye ku-74 cm, kwezinsikazi cishe ngo-60 cm. Isisindo sabesilisa siyahlukahluka kusuka ku-11 kuye ku-12,6 kg, isisindo sowesifazane singama-8,2-8, 9 kg Umsila wazo awuwona owenele futhi usetshenziselwa ukulinganisa lapho unyakaza.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-Nemean tonkotel
Umzimba omncane kaNemean uyinkawu ephakathi nendawo enobude obungu-61.0 - 76.2 cm nesisindo esingu-8.2 - 10.9 kg.
Ubude bomsila buyi-60-76 cm. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlobonhlobo luhlukaniswa ngombala wayo wejazi elivelele. Akusikho nje ukuthi le monkey yaqanjwa ngegama elithi "Duke Monkey" noma "Clad Monkey." Umzimba ophezulu nezinhlangothi zingwevu. Isifuba, intamo, amahlombe nezinyawo eziphakeme zimbozwe izinwele ezimnyama.
Amaphethelo embozwe ngoboya obumhlophe obukeka njengamagilavu. Emilenzeni kufakwa "amasokisi" we-hue elibomvu. Indawo engunxantathu ngaphansi komsila nomsila uqobo imhlophe.
Ngendlela yesigaxa esisesimweni somgexo, iribhoni elibomvu ligijimela esiqongweni sesifuba liye emahlombe. Umbala ngamunye wombala wenkawu ushintsha ngokunamandla ithoni ehlukile.
Ubuso, izintende, amasende kanye nezinhlamvu zesayensi ngaphandle kwe-hairline zimbozwe isikhumba esiphuzi. Ushizi umhlophe.
Izinhlobo: Nemean tonkotel - Pygathrix nemaeus Linnaeus, 1771
I-Thincoel of the Nemeans (Pygathrix nemaeus) iyona kuphela inhlobo yohlobo lwe-pigatrixes - nge-subspecies, i-Nemean thinbill yangempela (P. n. Nemaeus) ne-Nemean thinbill black-footed (P. n. Nigripes). Umbala woboya besikhumba somzimba omncane waseNemean uqhakazile futhi awujwayelekile. Ekuqalekeni kubukeka sengathi lesi silwane sigqoke isembatho semfashini. Ubizwa ngokuthi "inkawu egqoke", futhi "monkey-duke". Ingaphezulu lomzimba nezinhlangothi zimpunga, intamo, isifuba, amahlombe, kanye nengxenye engenhla yangaphambili nezingalo zesinqe kumnyama, ezandleni kukhona “amagilavu” amhlophe, emilenzeni kukhona “amasokisi” abomvu, umsila kanye nendawo engunxantathu ngaphansi kwayo imhlophe, iribhoni ebomvu yangaphakathi. ngesimo somgexo kuhamba eceleni kwesifuba kuya emahlombe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbala owodwa ushintsha ungene komunye ngokushesha onomngcele obukhali. Ubuso obungenalutho, izintende, amasende, ne-sciatica ziphuzi. Ama-buccal Tufts amhlophe. Umuntu omfishane waseNemean onezinyawo ezimnyama unamagilavu "ampunga", futhi zonke izitho zomzimba womnyama zimnyama, isikhumba sobuso simnyama.
Indawo ye-Nemeanonda-body (Pygathrix namaeus igamaaus) itholakala enkabeni yeVietnam, eMpumalanga kanye naseCambodia, futhi, iHainan Island eChina. Enye indawo engaphansi, umphimbo wezinyawo ezimnyama (Pygathrix nemaeus nigripes) uhlala engxenyeni eseningizimu yeVietnam, Laos, eningizimu nasempumalanga yeCambodia. I-subspecies P. nemaeus cinerea ihlala eCentral Highlands yaseVietnam.
I-Nemean tonkotel ihlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini emvula nasezindaweni ezingamahlathi amakhulu.
Isisindo esijwayelekile sowesifazane singama-8,2 kg, abesilisa ngokwesilinganiso bangu-10.9 kg. Ubude bomzimba buhlukahluka ukusuka ku-610 kuya ku-762 mm, isilinganiso esingu-686 mm. AmaNonkan tonkotel abizwa nangokuthi "monkey in suti" ngemibala yabo ebabazekayo. I-Nemean tonkotel inomzimba ompunga, umsila omhlophe, futhi izinkampani ezintathu ezingaphansi zingahlukaniswa ngemibala yazo ehlukile. Ithole elinomlenze obomvu (Pygathrix nemaeus nemaeus) linemilenze emnyama yangemuva enamabala abomvu kusuka edolweni kuya emaqakaleni. Izingalo mhlophe zimhlophe kusuka emsunwini kuya esihlakaleni. Umzimba ungwevu unezinwele ezinemibala emithathu (omnyama, omhlophe no grey). Izitho zangasese zabesilisa balesi subspecies ziyagadla, ngenxa yesikhafu esimhlophe nepenisi eliba bomvu okhanyayo uma liqondile. I-crotch imhlophe, futhi amadoda anezindawo ezimhlophe ezinhlangothini zendawo yawo emhlophe ye-croup. Lezi zindawo ezimhlophe zokusanhlamvu azikho kwabesifazane, okuvumela ukwahlukanisa okulula kobulili. Ubuso balezi zingwe bushe futhi buphawulwe, ngezinwele ezinde ezimhlophe ezihlathini zabo, nobovu obomvu ophuzi ebusweni bonke. Kunemibala emibili yombala emehlweni, munye obomvu ngaphezulu kokumnyama.
I-tonkotel emnyama-yinyawo emnyama (Pygathrix nemaeus nigripes) inemilenze yangemuva elimnyama nezingalo ezingwevu ezingwevu. Uboya obumpunga esifubeni bulula ukwedlula yonke indawo emzimbeni. Izindawo zobuso zimnyama nezinwele ezimhlophe esihlathini zimfishane. Ngaphezulu kwamehlo, imivimbo emibili yezindawo ezishintsha imibala ukusuka kulezo P. P.eeus emaeus, ezinombala omnyama zitholakale zibomvu. I-crotch yalokhu okubhalwe phansi imhlophe, kanti abesilisa banezinsila ezicijile ezimhlophe, kepha isikhuhla sabesilisa siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-subspecies P. nemaeus cinerea, ngokuyimpunga i-gray fur, yize amahlombe amnyama, kanti isifuba, intamo, umsila, amabala, ubuso, izindebe nezihlathi kumhlophe. Imilenze yangemuva imnyama, kanti imilenze yangaphambili, noma izingalo, grey ezinzwaneni ezimnyama. Isikhumba sobuso sinsundu wegolide, futhi kukhona izimpawu zomawolintshi ekhaleni naphakathi kwamehlo. Kukhona nemivimbo ye-orange and black entanyeni. Ibala lemibala ngenhla kwamehlo limnyama. Abancane balula kancane kuze kube yilapho befika eminyakeni engaba ngu-10 izinyanga. Amadoda amadala anesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-10,9, kanti izinsikazi zilinganiswa kancane - cishe ngu-8.2 kg. Ubude bomzimba obujwayelekile buyi-610 - 762 mm, ngomsila owengeziwe wama-558 kuya kuma-762 mm ongeziwe.
I-Pygathrix emaeus inesisu se-sacular, ebasiza ukuthi bahlukanise i-cellulose futhi bathole umsoco kuyo.
Isikhathi sokufuya sisukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuZibandlela, ukuzalwa kwenzalo kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya kuJuni. Isibalo senzalo ngu-1 - 2, ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1.5. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-165 kuye kwezingama-190, ngokwesilinganiso. Izinsuku eziyi-177,5. Isisindo sezinsana ezisanda kuzalwa ngokwesilinganiso silinganiselwa kuma-393,5 g. Iminyaka yobudala bokuzala noma yokuzala yabesifazane isuka eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kweli-5. Iminyaka yokuvuthwa ngokobulili noma yokuzala kwabesilisa isukela eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kweli-5.
Ngaphambi kokushada, owesilisa nowesifazane banikezelana izibonakaliso zobulili. Abesilisa nabesifazane indlela yokubamba iwindi elilandelayo, kuhloswe ngalo kubamele abobulili obuhlukile: Bajikijela imihlathi yabo phambili, baphakamise amashiya phezulu, bese bephansi bese benikina amakhanda. Owesifazane uthatha isinyathelo sokuqala, futhi bekulokhu kubhekwa njalo ukuqala ukulingisa. Ulele egatsheni futhi amehlo akhe akhethwe ngumsizi, ambheke ehlombe, isikhundla esibizwa ngokuthi "isethulo". Indoda izobheka indlela ebhekwe ngabesifazane futhi inikeze isibonakaliso uma ingathanda ukuhambisa enye indawo yokuzalela noma ukuhlala lapho ikhethe khona. Akusona sonke isikhathi isikhathi lapho umuntu wesifazane eyethula emadodeni kulandelwa ukukopishwa. Kokubili konke noma ngaphezulu ukubopha kubikiwe.
Umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane ngowokuthathwa kwezinsuku uthatha izinsuku ezingama-28 kuye kwezingama-30. Ngenkathi ye-oestrus, ukuqothuka kowesifazane kuvumbuka futhi kube bomvu. Ngemuva kokujeziswa, ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-165 kuye kwezingu-190. I crotch ihlala igcwele futhi ibomvu. Ezimweni zangempela, inani eliphakeme lazalwa phakathi kukaFebhuwari noJuni, lapho izithelo ziningi. Owesifazane uzalela omncane futhi amawele akuvamile. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, abesifazane bavame ukuthinta isitho sabo sangasese sowesifazane, futhi bahambe phakathi kokuqhakaza nezikhundla zokwelula. Abesifazane basiza ingane ukuba iphume ngokuyidonsa. Ingane nayo isiza ukuletha kuye ngokudonsa uboya bomama uma izandla zakhe sezikhululekile. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, usana lwanyamalala ihlanzekile, kepha ekudingisweni, akubangakho kudla okwenziwa ngemuva kokubeletha. Akukho lwazi ngesikhathi sokuphaka. Ekuthunjweni, izinsikazi zizalanisa ngezikhathi ezingaba yiminyaka emi-2. Ukuthomba kwabesifazane kwenzeka eneminyaka engu-4 ubudala nakwabesilisa kusuka eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kwemi-5.
Ingane inamathela kunina kusukela nje izalwa. Izingane zivame ukutholakala esiswini sikamama. Owesifazane wondla ingane kuzo zombili izingono. Kukhona okubonakalayo lapho intandane encane idliswa abesifazane ababili eqenjini, abesilisa nabo bamnakekela.
Isikhathi sokuphila ekudingisweni yiminyaka engama-24 noma ngaphezulu.
Le nhlobo ihola indlela yokuphila yesihlahla. Imvamisa zitholakala emaqenjini abantu abane kuya kwabangu-15, kepha zitholakala ngamaqembu abantu abangama-30 kuye kwangama-50. Kwesinye isikhathi, ehlathini kukhona nabantu bobabili ubulili. Amaqembu ezenhlalo avame ukuqukethe owesilisa noma abesilisa abadala noma abacishe babe ngabesifazane abaphindwe kabili. Abesilisa nabesifazane babonakala benamandla abo okubusa, nabesilisa babusa abesifazane. Lapho abantu abasha befika ekuvuthweni, bashiya iqembu labo lamaqembu.
Umzimba omncane wamaNemean uhamba kuwo womane, yize zivame ukugxuma ezindaweni ngezindawo. Lapho begxuma, lezi zinkawu zizixosha kude nokuxhaswa zisebenzisa imilenze yazo yangemuva, futhi zinwebisa izingalo zazo phambi nangaphezulu kwazo. Njengomthetho, bafika bemi ngezinyawo. Kubikwa ukuthi badabula phakathi kwethango lehlathi ezindleleni ezisunguliwe. AmaNeoan thinbodies ayizilwane ezidlalayo, yize izingane zivame ukudlala ngaphezu kwabadala. Ukudlala komphakathi kuhlale kuhambisana "nobuso bokudlala" obunjengobukhulukazi, futhi kuqukethe ukukhuphuka ngamatshe, ukugxuma, ukugijima, ukulengiswa, ukushukuma, nokuthinta, ukululeka, ukuphamba, ukulwa, nokujaha uzakwethu. Izikhathi ezisebenziseka kakhulu zokudlala zisekuseni kakhulu, maduze nje kwemini, ngaphambi nje kokulala. Ekuthunjweni, ukusebenzisana okunolaka akuvamile
AmaNeoan thinbodies anomphakathi kakhulu futhi, ngenxa yalokho, anendawo enkulu yokuxhumana yemodeli, ukushintshaniswa kwemininingwane ebonakalayo, enobuhlakani nemisindo. Njengamanye ama-primates amaningi, ama-douc ane "ubuso bokudlala" obuthile abawakhombisa ngemilomo yabo evulekile namazinyo aboniswe kancane. Igrimace enamazinyo abonisiwe isetshenziselwa ukuqala ukuzilungisa noma ukudlala. Ukubukeka, ngamashiya akhuphukile, kusetshenziswa njengosongo, futhi kuvame ukuphendulwa ngohlaka oluzithobayo. I-jaw-thrving / ikhanda ngumuntu oshukumisayo osetshenziselwa ukuqala ukuhlangana kwezocansi, futhi ukusebenza kusetshenziswa lapho owesifazane ethanda ukuzibandakanya ekulingiseni. I-growl ephansi yenziwa ukusongela amanye amalungu eqembu. Ukukhonkotha kakhulu futhi usheshe uzungeze izihlahla ngenkathi ushaya amagatsha kusuka ezingalweni nasemilenzeni kungaba uphawu lokusongela. Le nselelo nayo ingenzeka ngesikhathi sokudla. I-Squeal ivame ukuzwakala ngesikhathi semihlangano yezokwelapha. Ucingo olungenamandla, lwe-avian, lwe-Twitter luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphendula ukubukeka noma ngaphambi kokunakekelwa komphakathi, futhi kucatshangelwa njengesiginali esizithobayo, sivumela ezinye izilwane ukuba zisondele ekuphenduleni ngolaka ngaphandle kokwesaba. Iziteshi eziphambili zokuxhumana ngamathoni wukulungiswa kwezenhlalo nokudlala. Ekunakekelweni kwezenhlalo, izimuncagazi, amachashaza aqhakazayo nezinye ezingafuneki zisuswa eboyeni lenye enye inkawu ngezandla nasemlomo. Abesifazane yizinwele ezisebenza kakhulu izinwele, bezilolana, izinsana nentsha, kanye nabesilisa abadala. Umhlengikazi kukholakala ukuthi uqinisa izibopho zomphakathi phakathi kwabantu. Ngesikhathi somdlalo, lezi zinkawu ziyakwazi ukulwa, ukushaya, ukujaha, ukuthinta, ukudonsa, nomlomo komunye nomunye.
AmaNeoan thinbodies adla kakhulu ngamaqabunga, enza cishe ama-82% okudla kwawo. Noma bakhetha amaqabunga amancane, athambile, amukelwa kalula ngumzimba ukwedlula amaqabunga amadala, anzima, ukugaya kwala maqabunga kusenziwa ikakhulukazi yisisu sabo se-sacular, esibavumela ukuba banciphise i-cellulose. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basebenzisa izithelo ezingavuthiwe nembewu yabo (kufaka phakathi i-14% yokudla kwabo), nezimbali (4% zokudla). Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ama-thinbodies aseNemean awaphuzi amanzi, esikhundleni sokuthola umswakama awadingayo kweminye imikhiqizo ayidlayo. Amahlamvu nezithelo kuvunwa futhi kudliwe kuphela emva kokuhlolwa okuphelele. Uma amaqabunga amadala noma izithelo zivuthile futhi zidlula, bese zilahlwa.
Ukwehla kwenani lama-fatbodies aseNemean kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ekuzingeleni kwabantu. Bazingela bobabili ukudla nemidlalo. Indawo ehlala amahlathi okuhlala kuyo le nhlobo nayo yahlangabezana nokuphazamiseka okukhulu phakathi neMpi yaseVietnam. Ezindaweni zaseVietnam lapho kwakusetshenziswa khona ama-defoliants phakathi nempi, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-Nernan thinbodies akuzange kuthinteke.
Isimo sohlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN: Izinhlobo ezisengozini yokubulawa ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi, ukuzingela kanye nokushushumbisa izilwane kanye nokusetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha.
Ukuhiqizwa kabusha kwe-Nemean tonkotel
Isikhathi sokufuthwa kweNleman thinbird siqala ngo-Agasti kuya kuZibandlela. Ngaphambi kokuphola, owesilisa nowesifazane bazama ukuheha ukunakwa komlingani wabo. Kulokhu, izimbotshana zisunduza imihlathi phambili, ziphakamise futhi zehlise amashiya, zinikine amakhanda. Owesifazane, njengoba esekhethile, ulele egatsheni futhi ubheka okhethiweyo wakhe, ebheka amahlombe akhe, le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi "ukusebenza".
Insikazi izala eyodwa, kuyaqabukela amawundlu amabili, ayizalayo izinsuku ezingama-165-190. Inzalo izalwa ngoFebhuwari kuya kuJuni, lapho izithelo zivuthwa - ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-thinbodies.
Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, insikazi isiza ingane ukuba izalwe ngokumane idonsele kuyo. Futhi, naye, uzisiza ukuphuma, anamathele ezinweleni zikanina ngeziphethu zangaphambili. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, insikazi ikhotha uboya bewundlu, obulenga esiswini sikamama, eshaya amazinyane ayo angaphambili.
AmaNeoan thinbodies azala eneminyaka engu-4 (abesifazane), futhi abesilisa ngemuva kwesikhashana kusuka eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kweli-5. Ekuthunjweni, amaNqobolondo anciphile aphila iminyaka engaphezu kwama-24.
Kunamacala owaziwayo wokondla amathole asanda kuzalwa nabanye besifazane uma umama eshona.
Indlela yokuphila yeNemean tonkotel
AmaNeoan thinbodies ahlala ezihlahleni. Izibumba zakha amaqembu aqukethe abantu abangu-4-15, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zisuka kuma-30 ziye kwangama-50. Ehlathini kukhona izinkawu ezihamba zodwa, ezesilisa nezinsikazi. Owesilisa osekhulile uhola iqembu lezenhlalo; ngaphezu kwakhe, kunabesilisa abaningi abengeziwe, kanti kukhona nabesifazane abacishe kube kabili lapho. Kutholwa isikhundla esithile sombuso wobukhosi eqenjini lezinkawu, kanti izintokazi zilalela abesilisa abanolwazi.
Izici zokuziphatha kwe-Nemean tonkotel
AmaNeoan thinbodies ahamba ngokuxhuma, ancike kuwo wonke amanqina amane. Ukwenza gxuma, izinkawu ziyaxoshwa kusukela ekusekelweni yizitho zomzimba wasemuva, bese ziphansi phambili, zisakaza imilenze yazo. Ehlathini, amaNqabi ancanyana ahamba ezindleleni ezisunguliwe.
Amantombazane amancane amaNemean, njengoba esefinyelele ebudaleni, ashiya iqembu lawo lezenhlalo.
Lezi zilwane ziyizilwane ezidlalayo, ikakhulukazi izinkawu. Imidlalo yezenhlalo ihlala ihambisana nezinhlobonhlobo zobumbukiso, lapho ama-Nqobana amancanyana angamakhosi amakhulu. Imidlalo yezilwane ifaka ukungagxili nje nokugijima, ukunwebeka, ukulengiswa ngesandla esisodwa, ukujuluka, ukulwa, ukudonsela amanzi nodaka, ukuxosha. Imidlalo esebenzayo ibonwa ekuseni kakhulu, futhi ngokushesha nje emva kwemini, amaNqobana amancanyana aphumule, ahlala phezulu ngeziqu zomuthi. Ebuhlotsheni bobabili, izilwane azinalo ulaka kakhulu.
Ukuxhumana kweqembu kuma-singlebodies ama-nemean
AmaNeoan thinbodies angawezilwane zenhlalo futhi anolwazi olukhulu ekudluliseleni imininingwane. Lezi zinhlaka ziye zathuthukisa kahle ukubukeka kobuso.Umugqa onomlomo ovulekile, okhombisa amazinyo avulekile, ukhombisa isifiso senkawu yokuhlela izinwele noma ulale nje. Ukubukeka okunamashiya aphakanyisiwe kufanele kuqondwe njengosongo. Le nkulumo ihlala ikhonjiswa ngabesilisa njengabangaphansi kokuhlubuka eqenjini labo.
abesilisa kunezindawo ezimbili ezimhlophe ezinhlangothini ze-oblium, izitho zangasese zibomvu futhi zimhlophe.
Ukuzwakala okuphansi kuzwakala lapho inkawu isongela amanye amalungu eqembu. Ukumemeza okukhulu, ukugijimisana okusheshayo kwesihlahla, ukushaya ngamalambu esiqwini namagatsha kuyizimpawu zokucasuka.
Isiginali yezwi esibuthakathaka iyisibonakaliso sokuzwelana, okuvumela ezinye izilwane ukusondela komunye nomunye ngaphandle kokwesaba.
Indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi yenziwa ngokunakekelwa kwezinwele. Lokhu kususa izimuncagazi, umdaka, ukungcola, imfucumfucu yesitshalo.
Ukudla kweTonkotel yaseNemean
Isisekelo sokudla kwama-thinbodies aseNemean sakhiwa ikakhulukazi ngamaqabunga, abiza ama-82% ako konke ukudla. Izibazi zikhetha amaqabunga amancane, athambile amunwa kalula ngumzimba. Ukudla okunjalo okugayigayi kugaywe yisisu se-baggy somzimba omncane, lapho i-cellulose idilizwa khona.
Kokubili abesifazane kanye nabesilisa bashiya iqembu labo lapho befika ekuthomba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-primates adla izithelo ezingavuthiwe kanye nembewu yakhe, lokhu kudla kwakha i-14% yokudla, futhi cishe u-4% uwela ezimbali. AmaNeoan thinbodies empeleni awaphuzi amanzi. Bathola uketshezi oludingekayo empilweni yomzimba, kanye nezithelo namahlamvu. Lapho uqoqa izithelo nembewu, izinkawu zihlola ngokucophelela izitshalo bese ukhetha kuphela amaqabunga amasha nezithelo ezingavuthiwe.
Izizathu zokwehla kwenombolo yeNemean tonkotel
Ukwehla kwenani lama-fatbodies aseNemean emvelweni kubangelwa umthelela we-anthropogenic emvelweni nakuma-primates uqobo. Ngesikhathi seMpi yaseVietnam, kwakusetshenziswa ama-defineants, okwadala ukucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala ama-fatbodies aseNemean. Ngaphezu kwalokho ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukudubula ngokungemthetho, ukushushumbiswa kwezinduna nokusetshenziswa kwezinkawu ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha kunomthelela omubi ekwehliseni isibalo sezinkawu ezingandile.
Izithelo ezigcotshwayo namaqabunga amadala awadli ama-thinbodies.
Tonkotel video
AmaNonkan tonkotel nesihlobo sawo, iTonkin rhinopithecus, bangabomndeni wezinkawu. Azinazo izikhwama zezihlathi, umehluko omkhulu kwezinye izinhlobo, ngoba kungamaqabunga kuphela adla ukudla kwawo. Amahlathi asezintabeni aseVietnam naseLaos alungele impilo yalezi zilwane ezimangalisayo. Zitholakala kuphela eziphakeme kakhulu, ezihlobene nezinga lolwandle, kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-2000.
Manje umzimba omncane waseNemean utholakala emahlathini amancane kuphela, njengoba izindawo ezihlala lapho sezonakalisiwe. Lezi zinkawu ziyizilwane zomhlambi. Ngaphambi kwengxabano yaseVietnam, umzimba omncane omncane waseNeme wayehlala emindenini yabantu abafinyelela kwabangama-60. Kuphela namuhla akuvamile ukuba ubone umhlambi lapho bekungaba khona ngaphezu kwezinkawu eziyishumi nambili.
Abesifazane kuphela eqenjini abaphethe, futhi benze inqwaba yomndeni. Ukudidiyela ukunyakaza kukuvumela ukuthi ugxume ngokunembile amamitha ayisithupha egatsheni lapho ufuna ukudla. I-Nemean tonkotel ngesikhathi sokuxhuma idonsa ngaphambili i-paws phambili. Amalungu eqembu elilodwa kuphela lezinkawu axhumana ngokuzwakalayo ngaso sonke isikhathi, lapho esatshiswa izinyamazane, acashe emiqhele yemithi, enze umsindo obukhali wokukhonkotha. Unomsindo endaweni yokupaka kuyo, abantu baseNemean imizimba emincane iyathula lapho bethuthela kwenye indawo, okugwema ukushayisana nabazingeli.
Ngabe udlani umzimba omncane?
Isabelo sengonyama sokudla komzimba omncane senziwe ngamaqabunga, futhi izithelo zigcwalisa kuphela. I-Nemean thinbill idla kakhulu ngosuku, ngakho-ke ukucinga ukudla kuphela kuthatha cishe usuku lonke. I-primate inesisu esikwazi ukugaya inani elikhulu lokudla, ngenxa yendlela ekhethekile yokugaya ukudla. Yibhaktheriya eyingqayizivele yesisu kuphela, equkethe amakamelo ahlukile, inegalelo ekuqhekekeni kwe-cellulose ne-roughage. Inkawu idla lokho ekuthandayo. I-primate, ngaphambi kokudla noma yini, ihlola igatsha noma izithelo izithelo ngokucophelela, futhi uma izithelo zishoda noma ziluhlaza bese igatsha selomile, nakanjani liyakulahla. Umhlaba ongaphansi kwezihlahla, iNtuan hairbird udla kuwo, unamhlaba owomile owomile. Phakathi kwabantu abaseqenjini akukaze kube khona udoti noma ukulwa, kepha okuphambene nalokho, umzimba omncane onqenqemekayo waseNemean ungaphatha omunye umuntu ngemithi emnandi.
UNYAZI LOKHO ...
- I-primate inesikhumba esingajwayelekile esenza ukukhohlisa kwama-anemibala anemibala eminingi.
- Isihlobo kuphela esiseduzane - i-Pygathrix brelichi ayidli makhasi, ikhetha ama-cherries asendle, ithini lamapheya kanye namakhukhamba kuwo.
- Imidlalo yalezi zinkawu ihambisana nokugedla kwamazinyo nokuphuma komhlathi ophansi. Ngesikhathi sobudlelwano, bashayisana futhi bashaya izandla ngobunono, ngenkathi bevala amehlo.
- Kunezindawo ezimbili ezingaphansi kwaleli qembu - umuntu uqobo waseNemean kanye nomuntu ocishe abe yi-chernostop. AmaVietnam abiza lesi silwane ngokuthi "duk".
- Bangu-50 abantu abancane abangama-Nemean abathola indawo yokukhosela ezitolo zomhlaba wonke.
Cabangaotel Nemean
Ngokubukeka kwabo ngokweqile, bavame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izinkawu ngengubo yemfashini", futhi yizinsalela ezimbalwa ezimbalwa ezikhona ezingafaniswa nokukhanya kwemibala.
Izimpawu zokuthengisa eziphambili zomzimba omncane kaNemean (lat. I-Pygathrix nemaeus) - i-maroon leggings, iqala ngaphezu kwezithende futhi ifinyelela yonke indlela eya emadolweni, nobuso begolide obunjwe yizinwele ezinde, ezikhanyayo. Njengokungahambisani nalokhu kuqubuka kwemibala, izandla zangaphambilini "zigqokwa" ngamagilavu amhlophe aqinile anikeza umnikazi wawo ukubukeka okuhle nokusemthethweni. Le motley ensemble iqedwa ngamashiya ayimomotheka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nomsila omude onxantathu omhlophe ngaphansi.
Cishe akukho mehluko obonakalayo phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa be-Nemean thinbodies, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezimhlophe ngaphansi ngemuva kanye nezikhonkwane ezibushelelezi emadodeni. Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu wesilisa omncane-omzimba omncane ukhula ngamasentimitha ayisithupha, kuyilapho umsila wawo ovelele udlula ubude bawo bomzimba cishe amahlandla ayisigamu nesigamu. Isisindo somzimba wabantu abadala esindala sisuka kumakhilogremu ayisishiyagalombili nanye.
Lezi zindawo zingomdabu waseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ezinabantu abaningi kakhulu eLaos, Vietnam, eCambodia nase China. Ziyakwazi ukuzithoba futhi zivumelana ngokuphelele nezimo zemvelo ezihluke kakhulu. AmaNeoan thinbodies atholakala zombili ezindaweni eziphansi ezansi kwezintaba, futhi endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili.
AmaNeoan thinbodies ahola impilo yansuku zonke futhi achitha sonke isikhathi sawo ephakathi kanye namahlosi aphezulu ehlathi elishisayo elinomswakama. Njengazo zonke izinkawu, ama-thinbodies ayizidalwa ezinobungane nezenhlalo.
Zihlala ngamaqembu abantu aba-5-15, ahlanganisa owesilisa oyedwa noma amabili, izinsikazi eziningana kanye nenzalo yazo. Yonke into lapha ifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhundla esiqinile, nabesilisa nabesifazane banezikhundla zabo, kepha abesilisa abaphethe basenalo igunya elibaluleke kakhulu eqenjini.
Izimbambo eziyishumi nomsila omude, lapho zilinganisa khona emoyeni, zisiza imizimba emincane yokuhamba emizileni ebekwe ngaphambili. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka okukhulu, abesilisa abadala bahlala behola iqembu, abantu abasha bamboza ingemuva, kuthi izinsikazi namawundlu anikezwe indawo ephephile maphakathi nekholamu.
AmaNeoan thinbodies angama-air air verbats, aselula kakhulu futhi anokuphendula okusheshayo kombani. Kunzima ukuthi ungabazi abantu abahamba ngaphansi komqhele osomqhele: nenkampani enomsindo indiza ngokoqobo isuka egatsheni iye kwelinye, ikhombisa umuzwa omuhle wokulinganisela.
Kepha lapho nje ama-thinbodies ezwa ingozi, athi gxuma nje ngemizuzwana esuka endaweni eya ebangeni elingaphezu kwamamitha ayisithupha, afike emilenzeni emibili hhayi enze umsindo owodwa.
Ngokuphawuleka ikakhulukazi isiko lokuqandelana lama-thinbodies aseNemean. Bobabili abalingani bakhombisa ngokusobala ukuzimisela kwabo ukushada ngomhlathi wabo ophansi owandiselwe phambili, amashiya ahla enyuka naphansi futhi enikina amakhanda.
Owesifazane uthatha igxathu lokuqala, eguqa ikhanda lakhe egatsheni futhi ebheka le ndoda ebambekayo esondele ehlombe lakhe. Owesilisa uhlola lesi simo futhi asondele kunenekazi lakhe, kuthi uma kukhona okumkhathazayo amholele kwenye indawo ephephile. Ukuhlangana kuvame ukwenzeka njalo eminyakeni emibili.
Habitat
AmaNeoan thinbodies (I-Pygathrix nemaeus) - Abantu bomdabu baseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, bavame enyakatho nephakathi neVietnam, iLaos futhi, mhlawumbe, nenyakatho yeCambodia. AmaNeoan thinbodies ahlala ezinhlobonhlobo zamahlathi: ezindaweni eziphansi nezintabeni ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha ayi-2000 ngaphezu kolwandle, amahlathi emvula aqinile naphakeme. Bahola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke futhi bachitha cishe sonke isikhathi phakathi kwezihlahla eziphakathi nendawo eziphakeme zehlathi elinomswakama elishisayo. Bacishe bangazehli emhlabathini, ngoba bayondla futhi balale ezihlahleni.
Ukuziphatha komphakathi
Njengazo zonke izinkawu, imizimba emincane - izidalwa ezithandekayo nezenhlalo. Bakha amaqembu abantu aba-4 kuya kwabali-15, kwesinye isikhathi beduka imihlambi yezilwane ezifika kwengu-50. Inani labesifazane eqenjini livama ukwedlula inani labesilisa kabili. Kokubili abesifazane nabesilisa eqenjini banezikhundla eziqinile, kanti abesilisa esigabeni esiphakeme baphezulu kunabesifazane.