Ufudu olunamawele amabiliCarettochelys insculpta) Inamaphiko amade anjengamaphiko amade anezimpondo ezimbili, ezifanayo nezama-oars asemuva kanye nesigaxa somnqumo esinombala omude onekhala elimnyama njenge-proboscis. Ama-turaw amabili angenwebu awanazo izihlangu ezesabekayo, kepha igobolondo lamathambo limbozwe ngesikhumba esiminyene.
Habitat
Ihlala eNew Guinea (Popua New Guinea, Indonesia, Irian Jaya), esigodini semifula iSekva, Strickland, Morehead, Fly neLake Jampur, esifundeni sase-Alligator, eDaily, naseVictoria, ezindaweni eziseNyakatho ye-Australia. Lesi sifudu esinemichilo emibili sihlala imifudlana, amachibi, amadamu kanye nemifula enephansi elithambile nesivinini esisheshayo, futhi futhi sihlala ezifundeni ezinamanzi angaboli. Imvamisa, ukujula ahlala kikho kuphakathi kwamamitha ama-2 kuye kwangama-5.
Ukuzala
Ngenkathi eyomile (Septhemba - Disemba), izinsikazi zibekela amaqanda azo ebusuku, zivame ukukhetha isihlabathi esihle, kodwa kwesinye isikhathi singazibeka obumba. E-clutch kungaba namaqanda asukela kwayi-7 kuye kwangama-40, ngokufakwa ngaphakathi ngokuvamile kuhlala izinsuku ezingama-64-74. Izinga lokushisa lokufukelwa linquma ubulili bezimfudu zesikhathi esizayo: uma lishintsha phakathi kwama-28-30 degrees, ama-hatch wesilisa, uma kungama-32 degrees noma ngaphezulu, izinsikazi ziphuma emaqanda. I-carapace yesiphandla esisha isinobude obucishe bube ngu-53 mm, futhi isisindo sayo singama-28 amagremu. Ngemuva kokuqhanyelwa, bayaqhubeka nokuhlala befihliwe.
Isimo sokuLondolozwa
Turtle enezinhlaka ezimbili ungene kwiNcwadi Elubomvu Yomhlaba wonke. Isikhathi eside, bekubhekwa njengezinhlobo zemfudu ezingandile emhlabeni, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwawo ePapua New Guinea kuyanqatshelwa futhi kuyajeziswa isikhathi eside ejele. Njengamanje kufakwe kuhlu olubomvu lwe-IUCN njengohlobo olusengozini.
19.11.2015
I-turw-clawed, noma i-porcupine turtle (lat. Carettochelys insculpta) okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo ezisindile ezivela emndenini wamafudu asongwe ngezandla (lat. Carettocheleidae). Kungokwama-superfamily of Soft-healthed crypto-turtles (Lat. Trionychoidea).
Izici ezihlukanisayo
I-reptile ihlala emanzini amasha eningizimu yeNew Guinea nasenyakatho ye-Australia. Kutholakala imichilo emibili emahlathini ayo, kuthi isigaxa esidala esihlekisayo siphele ngamakhala amakhulu futhi sifane nengulube yengulube. Ngosizo lwayo, ufudu luyakwazi ukuphefumula, luhlale isikhathi eside kakhulu ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi lubeka kuphela amathumbu alo ngaphezulu kwamanzi.
Ikhala elibukhali ngaphezu kwalokho likuvumela ukuthi unqume ngokunembile indawo womkhiqizo ohlosiwe. Isici esikhona futhi ukungabikho kokuphindaphindeka kwabantu abadala kokutholwa kwezihlangu ezingama-horny ku-bone carapace. Zinamaphiko afana nezimfudu zasolwandle, okubonisa ukuba khona kokhokho abavamile endulo.
Isifufula esinezintambo ezimbili silondoloze igobolondo lamathambo. Amapuleti aseceleni we-carapace axhumene nalawo abizayo, kanti neplastron ixhunyiwe ne-carapace. Inkambu ye-cartilaginous ayikho. Imihlathi emibi ayinayo ukuphuma kwesikhumba. I-Carapace ivame ukupenda ngombala we-olive noma owampunga ngesakhiwo esishiwo ngesikhumba. UPlastron une-tint enoshukela.
Ukuziphatha
Lawa mafudu akuzona izinhlobo zasemanzini. Bangakwazi, uma kunesidingo, ukuya emhlabeni futhi bayogeza ilanga. Babonakala ngokufutheka okwandayo, okubonakala kakhulu lapho zigcinwa ekudingisweni.
Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zinomona kakhulu ngendawo abahlala kuyo futhi ngazo zonke izindlela bayivikela kunoma yikuphi ukukhwabanisa kwabangaphandle. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngeziphethu zamanzi ezikhuluphele, eduze kwazo ezinamathela ku-bask ngokwesimo sabo senhlalo.
Habitat
INew Guinea (Irian Jaya, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea), esigodini somfula uFly, Morehead, Strickland, Lorenz, Stack kanye neLake Jampur, kanye neVictoria, Daily, Alligator eNyakatho Namadolobha ase-Australia. Ihlala imifula emikhulu, izichibi, amachibi nemifudlana enenqubo ehamba kancane nethambile eliphansi, kanye nemifula enamanzi ashibhile. Ukuphila ekujuleni kuka-2-5 m.
Ukudla kwezimpofana ezinamakhanda ansundu
Imifino (izimbali zezitshalo ezisogwini, izithelo zemangroves), ama-mollus, inhlanzi, izibungu, amabhungane amanzi, ulwandle, izithelo zemihlume. Ukudla okuyinhloko yiFicus racemosa. Ekuthunjweni, angadliwa izingcezu zama-apula, ubhanana, izithelo zikawolintshi, izingcezu zethanga elinamachashaza, ulethisi, isipinashi, izinhlwayi ezinkulu zegazi, inhlanzi, ama-shrimps, ama-scallops, abekwe emanzini. Ekudleni, ama-70% ezilwane kanye nama-30% okudla kwezitshalo ezitsheni kanye nama-70-80% okudla kwezitshalo ezilinganisweni zabantu abadala. I-calcium ne-Vitamin kumele kufakwe kokuphakelayo.
ITerrarium
Kungcono ukusebenzisa amachibi amakhulu engilazi enezitshalo zasemanzini kanye namalogi. Ubungako be-aquarium buyi-3x1.5x0.8 m. Ngenxa yobukhulu befudu nokuhlala kuye, ukugcina indlu yakhe kude kakhulu kuyalulekwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele libe ngu-26-30 C (27-32). Ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-25 C kuholela ekwenqatselweni kokuphakelayo. Ukuhlunga okuhle kwamanzi nokukhuculula i-UV kuyadingeka ukuze kwenziwe inzalo. Ama-turtles anolaka olukhulu maqondana, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuwahlukanisa. Umhlaba uyadingeka kuphela ekubekeni amaqanda. Ugu aludingeki, ngoba ufudu lungamanzi ngokuphelele. Ngokwe-theory, kungenzeka ngokomqondo ukuwagcina inhlanzi e-aquarium, kepha ngesilinganiso esiphakeme kungenzeka ukuthi ufudu noma ufudu - inhlanzi izoyibambisa inhlanzi. Izitshalo e-aquarium zivame ukugcwala kakhulu. Inhlabathi nokuhlobisa kufanele kungabi nemiphetho ebukhali, engafikelwa ukulimala ufudu. Kungcono ukwahlukanisa isihlungi ne-heater kusuka kufudu, ngoba ngenxa yokufuna ukwazi kungabaphula futhi kulimale.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe
Izitha ezinkulu zamfudu ingwenya, oshaka, ukuqapha izinyokotho, abantu.
Izifo eziphambili ziyi-fungal kanye namagciwane ngenxa yokulimala, ikhwalithi yamanzi engeyinhle, ukudla okungcolile. Izazi zemvelo zivame ukutheleleka nge-helminth - zombili amathumbu nezasemanzini.
Ufudu kwesinye isikhathi luyaluma. Indlela yokuphila - nsuku zonke.
Lolu hlobo lokuhlobana phakathi kwe-crypto-carnivore kanye nezimfudu ezinempilo. Uhlobo lolo luvame ukubizwa nge- "Papuan", kanye "nomfula iScrotumless".
Isikhathi sokuphila siyiminyaka engama-50-100.
Ukubhekana nomoya ngemuva kokusebenza ngamandla kwenzeka kanye njalo ngemizuzu engama-2-3, kuthi lapho ezolile, kube njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-40.
Isikhathi eside wayaziwa njengefudu elingandile emhlabeni. Ukususwa kwakhe ePapua New Guinea akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele futhi kujeziswa isikhathi eside ejele.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwamafudu-anezici ezimbili
Isifufula esinezimpondo ezimbili sinobubanzi obulinganiselwe, esitholakala emifudlaneni engxenyeni esenyakatho yensimu yasenyakatho ye-Australia nasengxenyeni eseningizimu yeNew Guinea. Lolu hlobo lwefudu luhlalwa imifula eminingana enyakatho, kufaka phakathi indawo yaseVictoria kanye nezinhlelo zoMfula nsuku zonke.
Ufudu oluboshwe kabili (iGarettochelys insculpta)
Imikhuba yofudu olunamacwecwe amabili.
Amahobhe anezinhlaka ezimbili ahlala emanzini amasha kanye nemizimba yamanzi asesitokisini. Imvamisa zitholakala emabhishi anesihlabathi noma emachibini, emifuleni, emifuleni, emachibini amanzi angenamuntu nasemithonjeni eshisayo. Izinsikazi zithanda ukuhlala ematsheni ayizicaba, kuyilapho abesilisa bekhetha indawo yokuhlala eyedwa.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zesifufula esinezici ezimbili.
Izimfudu ezinemichilo emibili zinemizimba emikhulu, ngaphambili kwekhanda, zibheke phezulu njengokuhlwitha kwengulube. Kulesi sici sokubukeka okunomthelela ekuveleni kwegama lezinhlobo. Lolu hlobo lwamfudu luhlukaniswa ngokungabikho kwezimbungulu zethambo egobolondweni, elinombala wesikhumba.
Umbala we-totgument ungahlukahluka kusuka kumithunzi ehlukahlukene onsundu kuya kwithoni emnyama emnyama.
Izimbambo zezifudu ezinamakhanda amabili ziyisicaba futhi zibanzi, zifana nezibambo ezimbili ezifakwe amapayipi akhulayo we-pectoral. Kulesi simo, kuboniswa ukufana kwangaphandle kwezimfudu zasolwandle. Lamafliphu awalungelanga ukuhamba emhlabeni, ngakho izimpungushe ezinemichilo emibili zihamba esihlabathini kunalokho zixakile futhi zichitha iningi lempilo yazo emanzini. Zinemihlathi eqinile nomsila omfushane. Ubukhulu bofudu abadala buba sendaweni yokuhlala; abantu abahlala ogwini bakhulu kakhulu kunamafudu atholakala emfuleni. Abesifazane, njengomthetho, bakhulu kunabesilisa ngobukhulu, kodwa abesilisa banomzimba omude nomsila obukhulu. Ama-turways amadala amabili anezici ezimbili angafinyelela ubude cishe kwengxenye yamamitha, enesisindo esilingana nama-22,5 kg, futhi ubude obujwayelekile bekotishi bungama-46 cm.
Iphakela izimpungushe ezinemichilo emibili.
Ukudla kwama-turways anamawele amabili kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngesigaba sentuthuko. Izimfudu ezincane ezisanda kuvela zidla izinsalela ze-yolk yamaqanda. Njengoba zikhula kancane, zidla izidalwa ezincane zasemanzini, ezinjengezibungu ezinambuzane, ama-shrimps amancane kanye neminenke. Ukudla okunjalo kuyatholakala koofudu abasebasha futhi kuhlala kutholakala lapho kuvela khona, ngakho-ke akudingeki bashiye imisele yabo. Ama-turways amadala anezinhlaka ezimbili awumnandi, kepha athanda ukudla ukudla kwezitshalo, adle izimbali, izithelo namaqabunga atholakala osebeni lomfula. Ziphinde zidle i-shellfish, ama-crustaceans asemanzini kanye nezinambuzane.
Indima yendalo yesifufula esinemisebe emibili.
Ama-tururb anemisila emibili emvelweni angokwemvelo alawula ubuningi bezinhlobo ezithile zama-invertebrates asemanzini nezitshalo zasogwini. Amaqanda abo adla njengokudla kwezinye izinhlobo zezithwala. Ama-turtles amadala avikelekile kahle kwizilwane ezidla ezinye ngegobolondo lawo elilukhuni, ngakho-ke ukuphela kwengozi enkulu kuwo ukuqothulwa ngabantu.
Inani kumuntu.
ENew Guinea, amafudu amakhehla amabili agadliwe inyama. Abantu bendawo bavame ukudla lo mkhiqizo, bephawula ukunambitheka kwabo okuhle nokuqukethwe ngamaphrotheni aphezulu. Amaqanda ama-turaw turaw amabili athathwa kakhulu njengokudla okumnandi futhi ayathengiswa. Ama-turtles asakazwa bukhoma athengiswa ukuze kugcinwe kuma-zoo namaqoqo angasese.
