Izinhlanzi ezi-Viviparous zibizwa ngalezo zinhlanzi ezingazibeki amaqanda ngenkathi ziqhuma, kepha zizala ukuba nefry bukhoma, esevele zijwayele imvelo.

Kepha le nqubo ayinakubizwa ngokuzalwa bukhoma, njengezilwane eziphakeme. Fry konke okufanayo isikhathi eside kwakhiwa futhi kukhule amaqanda akhiwe esiswini sikamama. Kungemva kwalokho zizalwe. Ngakho-ke, ngesinye isikhathi izinhlanzi zibizwa ngokuthi hhayi ama-viviparous, njengezilwane eziphakeme, kepha i-ovoviviparous. Imfuyo ihlukaniswa ngokukhuthazela nokungazinakekeli ekunakekelweni.

Goody

Umndeni weGundeev yisigaba esiguqukayo phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezibeka amaqanda nezidalwa eziphila bukhoma. Bahlala ezintabeni zaseMexico. Igama linikezwe ukuhlonipha uchthyologist D. Goode.

KumaGudievs, umzimba mude, ucindezelwe kamuva. Izinsikazi zikhulu kunabesilisa ngamasentimitha ambalwa futhi zinombala omfushane ngokwengeziwe. Isikhathi sokuphila yiminyaka engu-3-4.

Abamele umndeni wakwaGudiev badinga ithangi lamalitha angama-50 noma ngaphezulu. Izinguquko ezijwayelekile zamanzi, i-aeration nokuhlunga kuyadingeka.

Guppy

Lezi zinhlanzi zithathwa njengezakhamizi ezivame kakhulu zasemanzini kanye namathangi anezilwane ezifuywayo ezingaphansi kwamanzi. Ukubuka kwehluka kwabanye ngombala wokukhanya komzimba wakhe. Abafuyi bathuthukise imibala kusuka kokumhlophe kuye komnyama. Isici esahlukile yilezi zinselo ezinde ezigcwele i-caudal, lateral kanye dorsal guppy emadodeni.

Ubude bomzimba wezinhlanzi ze-guppy aquarium buyi-2-6 cm. Izinsikazi zikhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa futhi zinokubukeka okunesizotha kakhulu, zicashe ezitheni.

Ilungele ukugcinwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezicindezelekile - kuzoba ne-aquarium eyanele yezinhlanzi ezivela emndenini ovela bukhoma onomthamo wamalitha ayi-15-17 nenani elincane lemishini. Ama-guppies athethelela kalula amaphutha wabaqalayo ekuzilungiseni, ngakho-ke kunconywa njengesilwane sokuqala somuntu wasemanzini ongenalwazi.

Swordsman

Emvelweni yemvelo kuhlala amachibi nemifula yeCentral America. IGuppy ayiphansi ngokuthandwa.

Umbala wezinhlanzi ngokwemvelo ubomvu ngokupenda noma ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha ngenxa yokukhethwa, ukugqama kombala okugqamile kusuka kokuphuzi kuya kokumnyama kwakudlalwa. Kepha iningi lalezi zinhlobo laziwa ngomzimba wazo wendabuko obomvu o-orange nomcibisholo omude onomucu omnyama kwabesilisa emsileni, yingakho laqanjwa ngegama.

Ilungele nabaqalayo. Abakhethi lutho ngamapharamitha wokudla namanzi, izinhlanzi zase-Sari-beariers zase-aquarium ziyakwazi ukubekezelela isiteleka eside sendlala futhi zidle ukudla kwezitshalo.

Mollinsia

Izinhlobo lezi zivame enkabeni naseningizimu yeMelika, eYutakan, eTexas naseColombia. Ungowomndeni ka-Petsiliev.

Emvelweni, umbala wezinhlanzi usukela esihlabathini ophuzi kuya kwesibunjiwe ngwevu. Ngekhulu le-XIX, lolu hlobo lwatholakala futhi lwanda. Umbala wemvelo wawudumile, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ama-mollies aqala ukubonakala njengezinhlanzi ngombala wamnyama wamalahle. Izilokazana ziyabonakala futhi ngenxa yamaphiko awo akhulayo. Izinsikazi zihamba phambili ngosayizi futhi zikhula zibe ngu-9 cm, futhi ubude bomzimba wesilisa bungama-6 cm.

AmaMolliesia awalwi futhi ahlala ngokuthula nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, kodwa ukuqina okuqinile phakathi kwabesilisa kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma.

Pecilia

Ukubukwa kwePecilia kuyingxenye yomndeni wakwaPeciliev. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwendalo inyakatho nendawo ephakathi neMelika, etholakala eGuatemala. Kwethulwa kusuka eMelika ngekhulu lamashumi amabili, selokhu bathola udumo emhlabeni jikelele futhi bathanda ama-aquarists.

Emvelweni, inombala onesizotha xaxa - ngompunga -mpunga enamabala amnyama eduze nomsila. Kepha abalimi bathole eminye imibala embalwa ye-pecilia.

Ubude bomzimba babo bobabili ubulili bungama-cm angama-5-6. Umzimba wezinhlanzi ufinyeziwe, ngesisu esinamandla futhi nesiqobongo siphakanyiselwe phezulu.

I-Pecilia ayidingi izikhala ezinkulu. Ithangi lamalitha angama-5-6 lizokwanela iziqhingi ezimbili, kanti umhlambi wezinhlanzi ezingama-7-8 uzodinga amalitha angama-40-50. Kuyadingeka ukuhlomisa kahle ukukhanyisela nokukhanya okukhanyayo.

Ameka

Uhlobo lungu kuphela olulodwa lohlobo Ameka. Emvelweni kuqothulwe ngokuphelele ngonyaka we-1996, kwakuhlala imifula yaseMexico. Kepha le nhlanzi ifakwa ekudingisweni.

Umzimba uthotshisiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukhula ube ngu-5 ukuya ku-12 cm. Umbala womzimba uyi-sand-silver enamabala amnyama emzimbeni wonke. Isici esiyingqayizivele salezinhlobo ngumbala ophuzi womsila no-anal fin. Ebumnyameni, uhlangothi olumnyama oluseceleni luyakhanya, futhi lufihleke ngesikhathi sasemini.

U-Ameka yisikole sezinhlanzi esinobukhulu obuqinile kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokuthunyelwe. Ukulwa nokuqina phakathi kwabesilisa kungenzeka.

UGirardinus

Imvelaphi yaseNingizimu Melika, kungakuhle ukuhlala emanzini asamachibi, amanzi asemuva kanye nezixhaphozi.

Ubukhulu besifazane buyi-6 cm, kuthi abesilisa kube ngu-3 cm. Izinsikazi zikhulu kakhulu futhi zikhulu, kanti ezesilisa zincanyana futhi zinhle. Umbala usukela ophuzi kuya kwesiliva, umzimba wonke umbozwe amabala amnyama amnyama.

UGirardinus uzoba umsizi omuhle ocwaningweni lwe-aquarium. Inhlanzi ayifuni, leli phakethe lilungele umthamo wamalitha angama-40.

IForosa

Lesi silwane sidonsela ukunaka ngokubukeka okungavamile. Yize abanye bengamgqizi njengemuhle, kepha abalandeli balesi zinhlobo bayakujabulela ukuba nesidalwa esinjalo ekhaya.

Indawo yokusabalalisa - I-Southeast Asia: iThailand, iJava, neSingapore. Ihlala emahlathini aseMungrove eduze namanzi asogwini.

IFomosa inomzimba omude futhi ophakeme kakhulu. Amaphiko asemuva kakhulu. Umhlathi ophansi nangaphezulu uhlukile ngesakhiwo: imihlathi engenhla imfushane kakhulu kunaphansi. Lesi sakhi somlomo sisiza ukukhipha ukudla ebusweni boketshezi. Umzimba upendiwe ngombala wesihlabathi wesibabule, kanti amaphiko lawo ane-tint ebomvu.

Sailing Molliesia

Uhlobo oluvela emndenini wePeciliev kanye nesigaba sezinhlanzi ezihlotshiswe ngama-ray. Ihlala eNhlonhlo Yutakan emizimbeni yamanzi ebakaki.

Ubukhulu besifazane bufika ku-15 cm, kuthi abesilisa kube ngu-17 cm. Ku-molliesia okwenziwe ngomkhumbi, kuthiwa i-dimorphism yezocansi. Umzimba upendiwe grey ngamachashazi acwebezelayo. Ingxenye engezansi inombala wegolide.

Cyprinids

I-Carp-like - i-detachment ifakiwe esigabeni senhlanzi enziwe nge-ray. Lesi sigcawu sifaka izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-400 zezinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile e-Afrika, eMelika nase-Asia.

Igama iKarpozuboobraznye lalibangelwa ukufana kwangaphandle kwe-oda nezinhlobo ezivela ku-oda leKarpov. Kepha umehluko kwaba ukungabikho kwamazinyo e-Carp, atholakala emazinyweni anjenge-Carp.

Imibala ethathwe ngokuqondile ngokwenziwe.

Xenotoka

I-Habitat emvelweni - imifula yasentabeni namachibi aseMexico. Kutholwe ngo-1974 futhi selokhu kwathola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabasolwandle.

Umzimba uyacindezelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abesilisa babe nomphunga ngaphezulu kwamakhanda abo, ngenxa yokuthi ikhanda libonakala lilincane uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba. Umbala womuntu wesilisa usuka onsundu onsundu uye onsundu. E-fin caudal, kuqala indawo ephuzi, i-caudal fin uqobo lwayo inombala ofanayo. Ubukhulu bomzimba ngokuvamile abudluli ku-8 cm.

Lapho okuqukethwe yi-xenotoc, tshala inani elanele lezimila kuzo.

Limia

Yatholakala okokuqala eCaribbean, eduze nesiqhingi saseHaiti. Ihlala emachibini amancanyana kanye nasemanzini angajulile nesibalo esikhulu sezitshalo. I-Limia - ukufundela inhlanzi nokuyigcina yodwa e-aquarium kuzoholela ekucindezelekeni noma ngisho nokufa kwenhlanzi.

I-Limia ikhula ibe ngu-6-7 cm, kepha ubukhulu besilisa bancane futhi babukeka bebukeka futhi banomusa ngokwengeziwe. Umbala ovelele uyisiliva, ekhanda nesisu kukhona amabala apendwe ophuzi. Imikhawulo ihluka kwabanye ngemivimbo eqondile mpo. I-caudal fin nayo ivame ukuphuzi ngokuphuzi. I-dorsal fin iyindilinga futhi ipendwe imnyama futhi iphuzi ngemivimbo yemabula.

I-Limia luhlobo olungenakuqhathaniswa futhi oluvumelana nezimo kalula, ngakho-ke kuletha iziqalo. Iphakethe le-limi lizozizwa lilungile ethangini elingu-35- 40 litre elinemifino.

Isigamu

Half-furrow, noma ngamanye amagama i-Dermogenis, ingeyomndeni wakwa-Half-furrow. Igama eliyinqayizivele nokubukeka okumangazayo kudonsela ukunaka. Isilwane esingenakuzithoba sizoba isengezo kuhlelo lwe-aquarium biosystem.

Indawo yokuhlala iseningizimu naseMpumalanga ye-Asia, eMalaysia naseSingapore. Kutholakala kwizidumbu zamanzi ezinamandla amanje abuthakathaka kanye nenani elikhulu le-silt kanye nezibambo ezansi.

Umzimba mude futhi mncane, umbala usuka ku-grey kuya ku-okwesibhakabhaka. Emafinjini kukhona izinqa zombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isigamu somlomo sinesakhiwo esingajwayelekile sendawo yomlomo: imihlathi engenhla imfushane kakhulu kunaphansi. Lokhu kungenxa yezimpawu zokudla okunempilo kwalolu hlobo. Ama-Halflings athumba izinambuzane nama-invertebrates atholakala ngaphezu kwamanzi. Kukhona "igwegwe" emhlathini ongezansi.

Iliodon

Ihlala emifuleni nasemachibini aseMexico. Umzimba uphakama futhi uthambile kamuva. I-dorsal fin ayitholakali maphakathi emuva, njengakwezinhlanzi eziningi, kodwa eduze komsila. Faka umbala grey nge-tint eluhlaza yeminqumo. Imigqa ekhanyayo enamabala amnyama iyabonakala ezinhlangothini. Isisu siphuzi. Ubude bomzimba bungu-8 ukuya ku-12 cm, kuthi izinsikazi zikhulu.

Ama-Iliodons abonakala ngokufutheka okunolaka nokuziphatha komhlaba. Kungcono uqukethe iqembu. Isikhundla esiqinile siyalondolozwa futhi sigcinwe eqenjini, futhi inhlanzi ngayinye inendawo yayo. Zihlala ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezingenhla neziphakathi.

E-aquarium enabantu abangu-8-10, amalitha amanzi angama-40-50 anenani elikhulu lomoya ophefumulile anele.

Izici Zokunakekela

Izindawo zasemanzini ezingasho lutho kulula ukuzinakekela futhi azifuni kakhulu ngenxa yezimo zokuboshwa. Ama-Vivipod avumelana nezimo ezintsha zokuphila futhi ayakwazi ukubekezelela ushintsho lokushisa, ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo, ukungcoliswa kwamanzi noma ukukhanya okunganele.

Uhlu lwezinto zokunakekela:

• Ukuze izilwane ezifuywayo zibe nempilo futhi zikhululeke, zizodinga ukukhanyiswa okwanele. Kungaba ukukhanya kwemini noma ukukhanya kokufakelwa. Uma ukhetha ukukhanya kwemini yemvelo, khona-ke i-aquarium kufanele ibekwe eduze nefasitela futhi ivimbele okusalungiswa. Futhi uma amahora we-daylight enganele, bese usebenzisa ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Ukukhanyisa okuhle kuzosiza izinhlanzi zizizwe zisejwayelekile futhi ziveze ngokuphelele umbala wazo, ojika ube mnyama ngokusweleka kokukhanya.
• Imfuyo ihlala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane imvelaphi yokudla: eyomile, eqandisiwe, ephila. Ekudleni, izingxenye zemifino, imifino, izithelo kumele kube khona. Inani labo lingafinyelela kufinyelela kwesigamu sevolthi yokuphakelwa ephelele. Lapho bondla imifino nezithelo, kuqala bagcotshwa ngamanzi abilayo bese kuphela izinhlanzi zidliwe. Abantu abavuthiwe bondliwa kanye ngosuku, kanti uFry udinga ama-servings ama-4 ngosuku. Gazinga emhlabathini ngokucophelela. Ezikhathini ezilambile, zingadla izitshalo kuphela.
• Izinhlanzi ezivame kakhulu ziyizilwane ezifunda esikoleni, ngakho-ke ukuzigcina zodwa kuyingozi ku-psyche yezinhlanzi. Ukugwema ama-skirmish nokulwa nabantu abaningi be-aquarium, kufanelekile ukungavumeli isibalo esikhulu sabesilisa. Kulowo nalowo wesilisa ulungisa izinsikazi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-4. Lapho-ke amathuba okulwa azokwehla.
• Noma abathwali abaphilayo bangasinda ezimweni ezinzima, kungcono ukugcina amanzi ahlanzekile e-aquarium ngokushintsha kwengxenye yamanzi masonto onke.
• Ukushisa kwamanzi kusuka ku-20 kuya ku-30 ​​degrees Celsius, futhi izinkomba zobulukhuni kanye ne-acidity ziyisilinganiso.
• Izimo kufanele zisondelane nemvelo. Tshala imifino eyanele.
• Kunconywa ukuhlomisa ithangi ngamadivayisi we-aeration kanye nokuhlunga.

Izinhlanzi ze-aquarium ze-Viviparous ziqinile futhi azikhathaleli:

• Umbuso wokushisa awubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukusakazeka kwawo kubanzi.
• Imfuyo ayinandaba nosayizi we-aquarium - iningi labo liyakwazi ukuzizwa likhululekile ezimweni eziphakeme ze-aquarium yokufuduka okuncane.
• Ubulukhuni bamanzi nabo abukhathaleli kangako, futhi amanzi angaba nobunzima obuthambile noma obuphezulu.
• Ukuzala kabusha kwemfuyo akunzima.

Ukuzala

Izici ezihlukile zezilwane ze-viviparous iqiniso lokuthi zizala kalula e-aquarium futhi zine-fecundity ephezulu.

Ukuthomba kwenhlanzi kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezi-4 ngemuva kokuzalwa.

Kwowesifazane, amafomu e-caviar esiswini, kanti owesilisa uwafaka kumakhambi wesisu esebenzisa i-gonopodia. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isisu siba yindilinga, futhi lapho ukusondela kokubeletha kuvela ibala elimnyama eduze ne-anal fa. Amaqanda aqandeka ngemuva kwenyanga nesigamu futhi ayazalwa. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa oku-1 ngowesilisa, insikazi iyakwazi ukuletha ezinye izikhathi ezi-3-4. Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi iyakwazi ukuzala ifinyelele ku-170 fry.

Ngemuva kokuzalwa, gazinga entanta ebusweni bamanzi, iqonde ibhulashi labo lokubhukuda lomoya futhi seyikwazi ukuziphilisa ngokuzimela. Qala ukudla ngosuku lwesibili lwempilo.

Ukuze uhlale ngokunethezekile, izitshalo ziyodingeka lapho okuthosiwe ngemuva kokuzalwa kungafihla khona, ngokwesibonelo, i-riccia. Izinhlanzi zabantu abadala kanye nefry zigcinwa emathangini ahlukile, ngoba izinhlanzi zivame ukudla inzalo yazo. Lapho zigcinwa ndawonye, ​​izakhamizi zinikezwa inani elanele lokudla, khona-ke i-fry izosinda.

Umehluko phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa

Abathwali bempilo besifazane nabesilisa bahlukaniseka kalula phakathi kwabo. Cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, izinsikazi zikhulu futhi zikhulu kakhulu, kanti ezesilisa zincanyana futhi zinhle. Izinsikazi zinikezwa ngombala oqondayo onsomi, kuyilapho abesilisa begqamile, benamaphini amade obumbo obuhlukahlukene.

Kepha umehluko omkhulu kuzoba ukwakheka kwe-anal fin: emadodeni avuthiwe ngokobulili, ayanda futhi aphenduke abe yisitho sokufaka amaqanda ngaphakathi kowesifazane - gonopodia. Kwabesifazane, i-anal fin inesimo esiyindilinga nosayizi omncane.

Okutholakele

Izinhlanzi ezi-Viviparous zithathwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo zokuqala ezinhle kakhulu zabaqalayo bemanzini. Lezi zidalwa azithobeki ekuhambeni, futhi zidonsela ukunaka ngombala okhanyayo nokuziphatha.

Ama-Livebirds anezinto ezinhlobonhlobo futhi ayakwazi ukuhlala emanzini asemanzini amaningi nakulwandlekazi lwasolwandle. Lezi zici zenza izinhlanzi eziphila bukhoma zibe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu sokuthenga emanzini. Ngosizo lwabo, ithangi ngalinye lizoba ngumthombo wobuhle, futhi lizokuvumela ukuthi ujabulele ukusondela kwemvelo endlini.

Izinhlanzi

Ukuthandwa kwezinhlanzi ze-viviparous kuchazwa iqiniso lokuthi izinhlanzi ezijwayelekile ezivuthwa ngesikhathi sokuqhuma zidinga izimo ezikhethekile: udinga i-aquarium ehlukile yenzalo ukuba ivele, izimo ezikhethekile ezizovusa ukwanda, njll. Ama-Livebirds angazala kahle inzalo ku-aquarium ejwayelekile ngaphandle kokudala izimo ezikhethekile. Ngasikhathi sinye, kulula ukondla i-fry esevele isisungulwe ngokuphelele, ngoba bangashintsha ngokushesha ukudla okomile.

Ukugcina izinhlanzi zisendaweni ekahle yokuphila, kufanele ulandele imithetho ethile yokuhlela i-aquarium:

• Ukukhanyisa: enye yezinto ezibalulekile. Ebusuku, kunconyelwa ukuthi ukukhanya kucishwe kancane ukuze kwakheke i-twilight efana naleyo etholakala emanzini emvelo. Ukukhanyiswa kungaba okwenziwe okungekuhle noma kube semini, kepha esimeni sokugcina, i-aquarium kufanele idluliselwe ewindini (khona-ke kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi akukho okusalungiswa).
• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: amapharamitha alo kufanele abe kuhla kusukela ku-+20 kuya ku-+29 ° C. Ukuze ulondoloze izinga olifunayo, kuzoba ngcono ukuthenga i-aquarium heater ekhethekile.
• Ubulukhuni: akunandaba kangako, ngakho-ke amanzi angaba ngokuqina, futhi athambile.
• Umswakama: kufanele ube ku-6.5-8.5 pH.
• Umthamo we-aquarium: njengoba imfuyo ihlala, njengomthetho, ihlala emihlambini e-aquarium, ithangi kufanele libe likhulu. Ikhethiwe ngokususelwa kumuntu oyedwa ongu-1.5-2 amalitha amanzi.
• Amanzi: emvelweni yemvelo, izinhlanzi zithanda ukuhlala emizimbeni yamanzi emile noma enogesi obuthakathaka, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuphindaphinda izimo zemvelo futhi zinikeze izakhamizi ezingaphansi kwamanzi amandla anele. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukubuyisela amanzi ayi-1/3 amanzi angcolile masonto onke.
• Isihlungi: ukuba khona kwaso e-aquarium kuyimpoqo, ngoba kuzonciphisa inani lokuhlanza ngethangi futhi kuvikele ukungcoliswa kwamanzi okunamandla.
• Izitshalo nokuhlobisa: ungahlobisa phansi ithangi ngama-driftwood, ngamatshe noma ngotshani bokubumba, ukuze izinhlanzi zasemanzini zibe nezindawo zokukhosela nekhono lokucasha ukuze zikhululeke. Izitshalo zidinga ukutshalwa ngobuningi.

Uhlu lwezinhlobo ezidumile zezinhlanzi zasemanzini eziphila bukhoma

Ngezansi uhlu lwezinhlanzi ezaziwa kakhulu eziphila bukhoma e-aquarium:

• Guppy. Lezi zinhlanzi ngobude zifinyelela ku-3 cm (abesilisa) kuya ku-6 cm (abesifazane). Umzimba uphakama, uthambile kancane ezinhlangothini. Inomsila omuhle we-fluffy omuhle nombala ogqamile. Ilungele okuqukethwe i-newbie. Ukuphila endalweni: INingizimu Melika (ingxenye esenyakatho yayo).

• I-Guppy Endler. Ubude obukhulu kunenhlanzi enjalo bufika ku-4 cm kwabesifazane kanye nama-2,5 cm kwabesilisa. Bahlukaniswa yimvelo yabo enokuthula. Lapho ushiya, ukufafazwa kahle kwamanzi kubalulekile kubo.

• Swordsman. Ngokwemvelo, uhlala emifuleni nasemachibini aseCentral America. Umbala wazo wemvelo uluhlaza okotshani obomvu onsomi, kepha izinhlobo zemibala egqamile zazalwa ngabazalisi. Izinhlanzi azikhathaleli ekusetshenzisweni kokulondolozwa, azikhetheki ekudleni, futhi ziyakwazi ukubekezelela isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla, futhi ngenxa yalokho zibafanela kahle abasemanzini abangenalwazi.

• I-Mollinesia. Ukuphila endalweni: eningizimu nasenkabeni neMelika, eColumb naseTexas. Izinhlanzi zingabameleli bomndeni ka-Petsiliev. Emvelweni wemvelo, apendwe ngombala onsundu futhi ophuzi-ngesihlabathi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinhlobo ezinombala omnyama zazalungiswa. Ngobude, i-molliesia ifinyelela ku-9 cm (ngowesifazane) no-6 cm (owesilisa).

• Pecilia. Emvelweni wemvelo, zipendwe ziphuzi-grey ezinamabala amnyama azungeze umsila. Kodwa-ke, abafuyi bezinkomo baletha eminye imibala yalezi zinhlanzi. Ubude bomzimba we-pecilia bufinyelela ku-5-6 cm, bufushane futhi bube nesisu esiyindilinga. Azidingi isikhala esiningi, kepha zidinga ukukhanyiswa okukhanyayo nokuxhaswa okuhle.

• Ameka. Ezinhlangothini, umzimba wezinhlanzi uyabhidlizwa, ufinyelela kubude obungaba ngu-5-12 cm. Inhlanzi ipendiwe ngombala wesiliva-futhi ihlotshiswe ngamabala amnyama asabalale emzimbeni wonke. Lolu hlobo luhlukaniswa luhlaka oluphuzi olukhanyayo lwe-anal fin kanye nomsila.

• UGirardinus. Ezindaweni zemvelo, uthanda ukuhlala ezindaweni zasemanzini, emachibini nasezixhaphozi. Ngendlela ubude, izinsikazi zifinyelela ku-6 cm, kanti abesilisa - amasentimitha amathathu. Izinsikazi zikhulu futhi zikhulu kakhulu, kanti abesilisa banomusa futhi mncane. Umbala wenhlanzi uhluka kusuka ophuzi kuya kwesiliva, kuyilapho umzimba wonke unamabala amancane amnyama.

• IForosa. Kubukeka kungajwayelekile. Umzimba wezinhlanzi uyindilinga futhi uphakeme. Amanzi atholakala ngemuva. Imihlathi engezansi yezinhlanzi yinde kuneyaphezulu, okwenza sikwazi ukukhipha ukudla ebusweni bethala. Inhlanzi ngokwayo idwetshwe ngombala wesihlabathi- grey, kanti amaphiko lawo ane-tint ebomvu.

• I-Carp-like. Izinhlanzi zithole leli gama ngokufana kwazo bangaphandle kwabamele iqembu leKarpov. Kodwa-ke, amaKarpovs awanawo amazinyo, okungenakushiwo ngalolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi. Abafuyi balethe imibala eminingi.

• Xenotoka. Umzimba wale nhlanzi uthambile ezinhlangothini, kuze kufike ku-8 cm ubude. Iziduna zineqhwa phezu kwamakhanda azo, okwenza ikhanda ngokwalo libonakale lilincane ngokuhlobene nomzimba. Inhlanzi inemibala egqamile kusuka onsundu okhanyayo iye ku-grey-blue. I-caudal fin nendawo ezungezile inombala ophuzi.

• I-Limia (i-Limia iboshwe ngebala elimnyama). Lokhu ngumhlambi wesikole, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukukugcina uyedwa e-aquarium, uma kungenjalo ukuhlala yedwa kungakuholela ekuxinekeni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukufa. Ifinyelela ubude obungu-6-7 cm, kepha abesilisa bancane kakhulu kunabesifazane, ngakho-ke banokubukeka okuhle futhi okuhle. Imivimbo emile ilandela umzimba, isizinda saso singumbala wesiliva. Ikhanda nesisu senhlanzi kungombala ophuzi. Le yinhlanzi engenakho ukuzimela evumelana nezimo kalula.

• Isigamu somlomo (noma iDwarf Dermogenis). Inhlanzi idonsela ukunaka ngesakhiwo somzimba negama elingajwayelekile. Lesi yisakhamuzi esingabekezeleleki ngaphansi kwamanzi, sihlala emvelweni ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi, lapho kukhona khona amandla angatheni. Umzimba ubuphakathi futhi ungamacembe (ukhula ufike kuma-7 cm), ungapendwe ngemithunzi e-grey to green. Amaphiko anemingcele eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izici zokudla kwale nhlanzi zichaza ukwakheka okungajwayelekile komlomo: umhlathi ophansi mude kakhulu kunaphezulu.

• IGambusia. Ubukhulu benhlanzi abudluli ku-7 cm kwabesilisa nabangu-4 cm kwabesilisa. Ukubukeka kufana kakhulu nenhlanzi ye-guppy, kepha i-gambusia inombala onesizotha: umzimba upendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, futhi amaphini esobala. Le yinhlanzi yesikole, ebonakala ngokukhuthazela okwandayo.

• Alfaro. Umzimba osesimweni ufana ne-almond nati, ethambile kancane, inombala oluhlaza okotshani. Inhlanzi inezikali ezincane, ezacile, ingemnyama imnyama kunesisu. Ikhula ibe ngu-10 cm.

• I-Belonesox. Kubukeka ngathi ipiki elincane. Umzimba wakhe unesimo esilinganiselwe sesilinda, “ikhala” elide namehlo amakhulu ahlobisa ikhanda lakhe. Inhlanzi ipendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala ophundu wethusi, futhi kunocezu olumnyama emsileni. Zihlukile ekuziphatheni okunolaka impela, ikakhulukazi abesifazane.

• Golomyanka. Le nhlanzi ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-aquarium, ngoba ihlala eLake Baikal. Kodwa-ke, uma uyakhela izimo ezifanele, izinhlanzi zizokwazi ukuhlala ekudingisweni. Ukubukeka kuyingqayizivele impela: umzimba omncane, omude (cishe ngamasentimitha angama-25) udwetshwe emthunzini onsundu opinki, unomlomo omkhulu namehlo amakhulu amnyama.

Izimo zokuboshwa

Ukuzala izinhlanzi ze-aquarium inqubo enzima kunayo, edinga ukutshalwa kwezimali isikhathi nesikhathi nemali.

Izidalwa ezidumile phakathi kwama-aquarists izinhlanzi ze-viviparous.

Uhlu lwabo lukhawulelwe imindeni emithathu kuphela:

1. Ama-Gudeevs. Inezinhlobo ezingama-16 zofuzo nezinhlobo ezingama-35 zabahlali base-aquarium.
2. Izinhlanzi ezinamehlo amane. Phakathi kwabathandi bezilwane ezifuywayo zamanzi, ziyi-4 kuphela zezinhlobo zazo ezaziwayo.
3. Pecilian. Lezi izidalwa ezivame ukuthatha izimpande futhi zisheshe zizale.

Endle, lezi zinhlanzi zihlala emanzini amnandi kulo lonke elaseNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi. Kwesinye isikhathi abameleli abanjalo bezilwane zasemanzini batholakala eningizimu ye-USA nase-Asia.

Izidingo zemishini

Njengomthetho, zonke izinhlanzi ezi-viviparous ze-aquarium zithanda ukuhola indlela yokuphila eqoqayo. Ngenxa yalesi sici, kufanele zifakwe emathangini amakhulu.

Okungenani umuntu ngamunye kufanele anikezwe okungenani ilitha elilodwa lamanzi. Lapho lesi sikhombisi siphakama, imfuyo yakho izizwa ikhululeka kakhudlwana.

Kwenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa i-aquariums yevolumu encane, njengoba izakhamizi zayo ziyohlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwendawo, okungaholela ezingxabanweni noma ekufeni.

Ithangi kufanele likhanyiswe kahle, njengoba izinhlanzi eziphila bukhoma zizizwa zikhululeka ekukhanyeni. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukuzama ukuphinda izimo zabo zokuphila zemvelo nokucisha ingxenye yamadivayisi okukhanya ebusuku.

E-aquarium udinga ukubeka i-Driftwood ehlukahlukene, amatshe kanye tshala izitshalo bukhoma. Ngosizo lwabo, inhlanzi izokwazi ukucasha futhi iphumule ekukhathazekeni kwansuku zonke.

Kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngenhlanzi e-viviparous

Abantu abakhulu badinga isikhala somuntu siqu, ngakho-ke badinga ukwethulwa kuphela kumathangi wethamo elihambisanayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abesilisa bangaqala ukulwela indawo futhi balimaze kakhulu abanye.

Endle, laba bantu abamele izinyamazane bahlala emanzini agxilile noma ababuthakathaka, ngakho-ke kungcono ukudala izimo ezifanayo e-aquarium futhi unikeze izakhamuzi zayo ukugeleza okuhamba kancane. Uma konke kwenziwa kahle, khona-ke ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kabusha kungasheshiswa kakhulu. Nge-aeration enhle, izinhlanzi zivikelekile ngangokunokwenzeka ezinkingeni zezempilo ezahlukahlukene.

Iningi lezinhlanzi ze-aquarium eziningi ze-viviparous zizizwa zikhululekile ekushiseni kwama-degree angama-20 kuye kwangama-29. Ukuyigcina kudingeka usebenzise okokushisa okhethekile we-aquarium, amandla akhethwe ngokusekelwe kumthamo wethangi.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukungcoliseka kwamanzi njalo. Lokhu kuzovikela i-aquarium ekungcoleni futhi yenze kubelula kubanikazi bokuyihlanza.

Ihambisana nezinye izinhlanzi

Izihlobo ezinokuziphatha okungahambisani nolaka zingabanjiswa izinhlanzi zasemanzini eziphila kahle, zingaba: neon, cockerels, bots, scalars, discus, labeo, barbs, zebrafish. Umakhelwane ongathandeki uzoba nama-astronotus, ama-carps, ama-goldenfish kanye nama-cichlids (omabili aseNingizimu Melika kanye nase-Afrika).

Isabelo sansuku zonke

Isisekelo sempilo yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi eziphila bukhoma zilungile futhi zihlukahlukene zokudla okunempilo. Ngenxa yakhe, izakhamuzi zasemanzini zithola konke okudingekayo ukuze kukhule ngokushesha futhi kuzalwe kabusha.

Lapho ukhetha ukudla kufanele unake okusha kwayo nokuphila kwaseshalofini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukondliwa okunamadayi amaningi kufanele kugwenywe. Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa ukudla okunezinga eliphansi, ngoba kungenzeka kulimaze impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo.

Ukudla kwezinhlanzi eziphila bukhoma kufanele kube kusha

Cishe yonke imfuyo ayilandeli ekudleni. Bangadla cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lokudla, kepha okuhle ukubanikeza okukhona:

1. Ukudla okukhethekile kwezinhlanzi zasezindaweni ezishisayo. Iyatholakala ngesimo sama-flakes futhi ingasetshenziswa ngokudla kwansuku zonke. Ungayithenga kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane ngentengo engabizi.
2. Ukudla okubukhoma. Njengokondla okunjalo, ungasebenzisa i-tubulo, i-bloodworm ne-artemia. Izinhlanzi ngeke zenqabe ku-squid echotshoziwe.
3. Tshala ukudla. Kungcono ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zinikeze izilwane zasolwandle zasolwandle, isipinashi neparsley. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwemifino kufanele luqale lukhwetshwe ngamanzi abilayo futhi luhlume.
4. Umhlanga. I-semolina enhle ebilisiwe noma i-oatmeal ingaba ukudla okuhle.

I-Daphnia inganikela ekudleni kwezinhlanzi ze-viviparous

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukudonsa izinhlanzi ezi-pamper viviparous nolunye uhlobo lokudla okungenani kanye njalo emavikini ambalwa. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukujwayela ekudleni futhi wengeze amavithamini adingekayo kubameli bezilwane zasemanzini. Izithasiselo zingasebenza:

• daphnia
• izibungu ezincane
• imfanzi
• inkukhu ebilisiwe
• isibindi senyama nenhliziyo,
• amahlamvu ulethisi
• uphizi.

Konke ukudla kumele kube phansi kusayizi ofanele. Ngakho-ke izinhlanzi zingaginya kalula zonke izingcezu zazo.

Ukudla izinhlanzi kweViviparous

Ukudla okufanele nokunokulinganisela kuyisisekelo sempilo nobungqabavu bazo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Futhi, ngenxa yokudla okufanele, izinhlanzi ziqala ukukhula futhi zande. Lapho ukhetha ukudla kwezinhlanzi, ngaphezu kwentengo yazo, udinga ukunaka ukuvela kwayo okusha, kanye nokungabikho kwenamba enkulu yamadayi ekwakhiweni.

Cishe zonke izinhlanzi zasemanzini ezi-viviparous azizidli ngokudla. Bayokujabulela ukudla konke ukudla abazokunikwa, kepha kungcono ukuhlala kulokho kudla:

1. Ukudla kwenzelwe izinhlanzi zasezindaweni ezishisayo. Inokubonakala kwama-flakes, futhi inganikezwa njengokuphakelwa okuyinhloko.
2. Ukudla okubukhoma. Kungaba i-artemia, umhlonyane wegazi noma ishubhu, bese kuthi squid squid nayo inganikezwa.
3. Umhlanga. Kuzoba izinhlobo ezinhle zokudla: i-semolina ebilisiwe noma i-oats ye-porridge.
4. Ukudla komsuka wezitshalo. Inketho efanelekile kungaba yi-parsley, i-sea kale noma isipinashi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuba imifino ingene ku-aquarium, kufanele ifakwe emanzini abilayo bese igawulwa kahle.

Njengokunengezelwa, ulethisi, izibungu ezincane, inhliziyo yenkomo noma isibindi, izingcezu zenkukhu ebilisiwe, shrimp inganikezwa.

Zingaki izinhlanzi eziphila emanzini ezihlala bukhoma? Isikhathi sabo sokuphila siyiminyaka engaba ngu-3-5, inqobo nje uma izinhlanzi zinikezwa ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Inqubo yokuzala

Zonke izinhlanzi ze-viviparous zihlukaniswa ngokuzala kwazo. Esikhathini esifushane, insikazi ngayinye iyakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-fry afinyelela ku-200, akhula ngokushesha futhi abe ngumuntu omdala.

Ukuzalanisa kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshala izinsikazi eziningana nowesilisa munye e-aquarium ngasikhathi sinye. Ubulili bomuntu bunqunywa yizimpawu ezilandelayo:

1. Abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa ngosayizi.
2. Emadodeni, amachaphaza e-caudal ne-dorsal acolisiswa ngaphezulu.
3. Abesilisa banombala ogqamile nokubukeka okuhle.

Lapho nje insikazi inamaqanda, owesilisa ngokushesha umfaka umquba. Ezinsukwini ezingama-30−50 ezilandelayo, umuntu wesifazane ubamba omncane. Lapho nje uFry isilungele impilo yokuzimela, ishiya umzimba kamama. Njengomthetho, amawundlu azalwa ngasikhathi sinye futhi inqubo yonke iyakwazi ukwelula amasonto ambalwa, noma izinyanga.

Esikhathini esifushane, inhlanzi yowesifazane e-viviparous iyakwazi ukuzala ifinyelela kuma-200 gry

Izinhlanzi ezelwe ezinyangeni ezi-4 zifinyelela ekukhulelweni futhi zingakhiqiza inzalo.

Ukuze i-fry ikhule kahle futhi ikhule ngokushesha, badinga umsoco omuhle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukufaka amavithamini ahlukahlukene ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke. Nabazali kudingeka bondliwe kahle ngalesi sikhathi, ngoba ngokuntuleka kokudla bazokujabulela amathole abo ngenjabulo.

Ukubukwa okudumile

Abamele abadume kakhulu bemvelo yasemanzini izinhlanzi ze-aquarium ze-viviparous. Uhlu lwabo luhlanganiswa ngokusekelwe kokuthandwa ngumnikazi kanye nemibandela etholakalayo yokuboshwa.

Ezimweni eziningi abahlala kulezo zakhamuzi:

Zonke lezi zinhlobo azikhathaleli ekunakekelweni, zanda ngokushesha futhi zibe nokubukeka okuhle.

Izinja ezinemibala eminingi

Izwe lakulesi simeleli sezilwane zasemanzini lithathwa njengendawo yaseNingizimu Melika. Lapho bahlala kuzo zonke izidumbu zamanzi amasha futhi bazivumelanise kalula nezimpawu zawo ngamunye wabo.

Izinhlanzi ze-Guppy zinokubukeka okukhangayo futhi kulula ukuzalanisa

Izici ezihlukile zezinhlobo nezidingo zokuqukethwe:

1. Ubukhulu bomuntu omdala buhlukahluka kusuka ku-4,5 kuye ku-5.5 cm.
2. Owesilisa unombala ogqamile, obahlukanisa phakathi kwabesifazane.
3. Kungcono ukufaka iqembu elincane lamabili ngazimbili zabantu.
4. Badinga okungenani amalitha angama-50 amanzi.
5. Ama-guppies awadingi kakhulu kubulukhuni bamanzi, kepha ancamela izinga lokushisa elisezingeni lama-25-27 degrees.
6. Ukungabekezeleli ekudleni nasekujabuliseni kuzodla okomile, imifino kanye nokudla kwesilwane.
7. I-guppy aquarium kufanele ibe nezimila eziningi nendawo yamahhala yokubhukuda.

Lezi zakhamuzi ze-aquarium zinokuthula ngokwemvelo, ngakho-ke zingakwazi ukuhlangana kalula nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Izinja zizalanisa ngokushesha okukhulu. Emavikini ambalwa nje, i-fry eyazalwa ifinyelela usayizi wabazali bayo futhi nayo iqala ukuzala. Ukuze ukwazi ukulawula le nqubo, kungenzeka ukuthi kuhlalwe abantu besilisa nabesifazane ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi.

Inhlanzi ephila bukhoma iPecilia ifinyelela ku-6 cm ubude

UPecilia omncane

Endle, le nhlanzi ihlala emifuleni emincane nemifula eMexico. Lapho, wazivumelanisa kahle nezimo zemvelo futhi wakhula ngokushesha. Le nhlanzi encane ingafinyelela ku-6 cm ubude. Abesilisa basebenza kakhulu, banemizimba emincane futhi bapendwe ngemibala ekhanyayo.

Izimo ezidingekayo:

1. IPecilia kumele ixazululwe emhlambini wabantu abangu-6-9. Kulokhu, abesilisa kufanele babe yingxenye yabesifazane.
2. Ezakhamuzini eziningi, ithangi lamalitha angama-80 lizokwanela
3. Izimo zokushisa ezifanelekileyo zingama-22-26 degrees.
4. I-Pecilia ingondliwa konke ukudla okukhona nokuomile.
5. Ukuze uthole impilo enhle, izinhlanzi zidinga izitshalo eziningi emanzini.

Lolu hlobo luphila kahle nezinye izinhlanzi ezincane futhi alunaki ubukhona bazo. Ukuze zizalwe, insikazi itshalwa e-aquarium ehlukile enotshani obukhulu. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ubeletha amawundlu afinyelela ku-100, akhula ngokushesha futhi afinyelele ekukhulelweni eneminyaka eyi-4.

Nomusa mollinsia

Lolu hlobo lwande kabanzi eMelika Ephakathi. Lapho bahlala khona emanzini asogwini emifula noma amachibi amancanyana.

Abadala akuvamile ukuba bakhule ngaphezu kwama-8 cm ubude futhi bakhetha ukuphila impilo enokuthula.Ngenxa yalokhu, i-mollies ivame ukufakwa kwabanye abamele be-viviparous.

Izici Zokunakekela:

1. Kungcono ukugcina izinsikazi ezi-5 nezinsizwa ezi-3 emanzini.
2. Izinhlanzi, udinga okungenani amalitha ayi-100 amanzi ukuze uphile kamnandi futhi usheshe wanda.
3. Laba abamele izinyamazane bathanda usawoti, ngakho-ke kungangezelelwa ngesilinganiso esingu-20 g kuwo wonke amalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
4. Kuhle kubo kuzoba yizinga lokushisa lama-24 kuya kuma-26 degrees.
5. Zithanda ukudla ukudla okwomile nokunempilo. Kunconywa ukuthi ungeze inani elikhulu lokudla kwezitshalo ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke.

Ngesinye isikhathi, insikazi iyakwazi ukuzala aze afike ku-150 cubs. Ngaso leso sikhathi, akudingekile ukuwutshala ethangini elihlukile. UFry ubuye angakhethi ngokudla futhi angakhula ngokushesha cishe kunoma yikuphi okuphakelayo okuncane.

Izinkemba zoqobo

Lolu hlobo luvame emanzini amasha aseMexico, eHonduras naseGuatemala. Ubude bezinhlanzi zabantu abadala bungafinyelela ku-15 cm, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuyigcina emanzini e-umthamo omkhulu (okungenani i-160 l). Isici esiyingqayizivele seduna lale nhlanzi, umsila, ofana nenkemba ekwakhekeni.

Izidingo zesimo:

1. Kuyadingeka ukuqukatha iqembu lamabili ama-5 abantu bobulili obuhlukile.
2. Izinga lokushisa kufanele lisuke ku-22 liye ku-25 degrees.
3. Badla ngokuphelele noma yikuphi ukudla kwezinhlanzi.
4. Basebenza kakhulu, ngakho-ke badinga indawo yamahhala yokubhukuda.

Abesilisa bayakwazi ukuxabana phakathi nesikhathi sokuzalela, ngakho-ke kudingeka uqinisekise ukuthi kukhona abesifazane abengeziwe. Esikhathini esifushane, kungafikwa kuma-fry angama-200, okungcono ukutshala kusuka kubantu abadala.

Izinhlanzi ze-aquarium zeViviparous ziyisinqumo esihle sokuqala. Ngendlela efanele yebhizinisi nokuhambisana nemibandela yokuboshwa, ungafinyelela ukukhula okusheshayo kwabantu kanye nokukhiqizwa kwabo okunamandla.

Alfaro

Ukubukeka: umzimba usesimweni se-almond nati, isicwebezelisiwe, sidwetshwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Izikali zincanyana, zizacile, ingemuva limnyama kunesisu. Izinhlanzi ezincane - cm 8-10 kuphela.

Lapho zizalanisa, azikhombisi ulaka ezilwaneni ezincane zezinhlobo zazo. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuzalwe kwenzeke ngaphandle kokushayisana, i-alfaro kufanele ibe nezindawo zokugcina ezinamaqabunga ezanele, ngokwesibonelo, izitshalo ezifana ne-Indian limnophila, i-nitella ebukekayo iphelele kulezi zinhloso. Ekuthunjweni, inhlanzi ingaphila iminyaka emi-3.

I-Belonesox

Inhlanzi ebukeka kakhulu njenge-pike encane. Inomzimba omncane we-cylindrical, "ikhala" elide, amehlo amakhulu aqhakazile. Umbala wesikali ungwebekile ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, othinta ithusi, kukhona indawo emnyama emsileni.

Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa, ubude bawo bomzimba bufika ku-18-20 cm, kanti “abafana” bane-12 cm kuphela. I-Belonesoksi izinhlanzi ezinolaka, futhi izinsikazi zimbi kakhulu: lapho kufika isikhathi sokuzalelana, bahlukumeze bajahe abesilisa, bangabadla nabo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuziphatha kokudla kungalawulwa ngokudla okuningana nokwenelisayo, ngoba kulokhu umfazi ngeke alambe, nesoka liyasinda, kanye nomncane.

Imikhomo emhlophe idla izinhlanzi ezincane, izibungu, ama-tadpoles, ama-bloodworms. Isikhathi sokuphila e-aquarium sifinyelela eminyakeni emi-3.

Golomyanka

Ngokokukhuluma nje, le ndalo emangalisayo ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi inhlanzi ye-aquarium - ihlala emanzini eLake Baikal ngokujula kwamamitha ayi-100. Kodwa-ke, lapho kudalwa izimo ezilungele yona, ikakhulukazi, ukugcina izinga lokushisa lamanzi lifinyelela ku +6 C, kungahle kube nezimpande endaweni yokufakelwa.

IGolomyanka idume ngokuthi le nhlanzi ayinazikali kanye nesinye sokubhukuda. Kubukeka kuyinqaba: umzimba omude (ongafika ku-25 cm) omude onsundu, umlomo omkhulu namehlo amnyama amnyama. I-golomyanki yabesifazane, sekhiqize inzalo, iyafa. Ubungozi bokuthi kudliwe yizihlobo zabo.

I-Dermogenis, noma ukulwa okuyingxenye

Ukubukeka: umzimba omude omfishane, uthambile kancane ezinhlangothini, amachaphaza amachashaza amachaphaza akhiwe eduze nomsila. Umbala wenhlanzi ungwevu-omnqumo, uphenduka ube lilac nesiliva eduze kwesisu. Isici esibonakalayo sowesilisa ngamachashazi abomvu akhanyayo nama-anal fins; kwabesifazane bane-tint ephuzi. E-aquarium, usayizi we-dermogenis usukela ku-6 kuye ku-8 cm, insikazi ihlala ikhula njalo.

Uma uhlela ukugcina umhlambi walezi zinhlanzi ezilwayo, ungakhohlwa ukuthi abesilisa abangamadoda banolaka komunye nomunye.

Okuqine kakhulu kukhubekisa ababuthakathaka, ukuthatha ukudla kubo, ngakho-ke le ndlela yokuziphatha kufanele ibhekwe ukuze kungabangeli ukufa kwenhlanzi ebulawa yindlala. Isikhathi sokuphila se-dermogenises se-aquarium yiminyaka emi-5.

I-Priapella

Inhlanzi encane (efinyelela ku-5-7 cm) yegolide ophuzi ene-lilac shimmer. Izinsikazi zihlala zikhulu kunezabesilisa. Amehlo e-Priapella muhle kakhulu, anomthunzi we-turquoise, okuyiwona obizwa ngokuthi ngamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Lezi zinhlanzi ziyizidalwa ezolile nezinokuthula, ezihlala ndawonye endaweni eyodwa nezinhlobo ezifanayo ngosayizi nomoya ophakeme.

Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi enye yezinto ezingezinhle zama-peleaples ukungamahloni - bagxuma baphume emanzini ngisho nokukhanya okukhanyayo okukhanyayo, ngakho-ke isitsha nabo kufanele simbozwe okuthile.

Ungayikhetha kanjani?

Vele, akekho ongakuvimba ukuthi uthole izinhlanzi lapho "umphefumulo ulele", kepha kunemithetho ethile yokuzikhethela, Okulandelayo ongakha izimo ezifanelekileyo zokugcina izilwane ezifuywayo.

• Akunconyelwe ukubeka izinhlanzi ezinkulu noma inani elikhulu lezinto ezincane ethangini elincanyana. Ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya ophefumulayo nendawo eyanele yokuhamba, izinhlanzi ziqala ukufa.
• Lapho ugcwalisa i-aquarium enezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi, zijwayeze isici esinjalo njengokuthanda kokuhlala ungqimba oluthile lwamanzi. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, ubeka engcupheni yokuthola, ngokwesibonelo, izinhlanzi ezingaphansi kuphela, ezingeke zijabulise iso, zintanta ebusweni.
• Okunye okubalulekile ukufana kwemizwa yezakhamuzi. Izinhlanzi ezihamba kancane kakhulu zibeka engcupheni yokushiywa ngaphandle kokudla okuzodliwa "omakhelwane" abangamakhosi.
• Izidlamlilo nezisulu ezingaba khona ngeke zigcinwe ethangini linye ngisho nokudla okuningana. Iqiniso ngukuthi izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezidla inyama ngokwemvelo zinikezwa imvelo yomzingeli futhi zijaha futhi lihlasele noma iyiphi inhlanzi emkhakheni wazo wokubuka.
• Ama-aquarists okuqala akufanele aqale "umsebenzi" wawo ngokuqukethwe kwama-exotic angavamile. Njengomthetho, badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile: ukugcina izinga elithile lokushisa, ubulukhuni bamanzi, ukudla okungajwayelekile, ukukhanya okuhle noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlwa. Uma unomuzwa wokuthi uzokwazi ukubhekana nomsebenzi onjalo - yenzele wona, uma kungenjalo - qala ngokuthile okulula, ngokwesibonelo, ngama-guppies noma isabula.
• Lapho uthenga izinhlanzi ze-aquarium, zihlole ngokucophelela: akufanele kube khona ukulimala kwangaphandle okufana namaphini alunywe, ukugqekeza, amabala ezimpandla. Amehlo nesikali kufanele kube kucwebezelayo. Inhlanzi kufanele iziphathe kahle kummeleli wohlobo lwayo. Isibonelo, uma incazelo yohlobo lokuzalwa ibonisa ukuthi kufanele ibhukude ngokushesha e-aquarium, kanti nenhlanzi ngokuhlanya i “khamba” ukusuka ekhoneni iye ekhoneni, lokhu kukhombisa ngokusobala impilo yayo egulayo, futhi kungcono ukwenqaba ukuthenga isilwane esinjalo.

Imithetho yokuqukethwe

Ake sibheke kabanzi imithetho eyisisekelo yokugcina izinhlanzi eziphila bukhoma.

• Imvamisa, abahlali base-aquarium bahlala emihlambini. Yingakho umthamo wabo kufanele ube ongenakubalwa. Kunconywa ukuba uqhubeke kusukela ekubalweni kwamalitha amanzi ayi-1.5-2 umuntu ngamunye.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlinzeka ngezinhlanzi ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Ebusuku, kufanele icishwe kancane, idale ukuhlwa okumnandi, okwenzeka ezindaweni zokugcina zemvelo.
• Izimbali ze-Aquarium nezinye izinto "zangaphakathi" zifanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Ngaphansi kufanele kuhlotshiswe ngamatshe, i-driftwood, shards zobumba ukuze izinhlanzi zikwazi ukudala okokukhosela kuzo futhi ziphumule. Qiniseka ukuthi utshala izitshalo bukhoma.
• Uma kukhulu futhi kunolaka kubantu, kukhulu indawo abayidingayo yokuphila okungenangxabano. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi ngabesilisa. Imvamisa yokuhlangana ngenkathi wenza "ukuhamba", ingaqala ukulwa futhi ikhubazeke kakhulu omunye komunye.
• Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yezilwane ze-viviparous yimizimba yamanzi enamanzi angenamandla noma aqinile. Zama ukuphinda wenze lezi zimo futhi unikeze izilwane ezifuywayo ngezinga eliphezulu.
• Izinga lokushisa lamanzi libaluleke kakhulu. Izinkomba zayo zisukela ku- +20 kuya ku-+29 C. Ukuze kulondolozwe izinga olifunayo, kufanelekile ukuthenga i-heater ye-aquarium, amandla ayo ahlukahluka ngokuya ngevolumu yetangi.
• Qiniseka ukuthi ufaka isihlungi esizosiza ukunciphisa inani lokuhlanzwa okwenziwa ngesandla futhi uvikele ukungcoliswa kwamanzi okunamandla.

Ngokuvamile, izinambuzane zezinhlanzi ziyizilwane ezifuywayo ezinhle ezingenakukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokuphila ezahlukahlukene, ngokwesibonelo:

• ukwehla okukhulu / ukukhuphuka kokushisa kwamanzi,
• ukwehlisa amazinga we-oxygen,
• ukukhanyisa okunganele
• aeration ompofu
• ushintsho ngobulukhuni bamanzi.

Vele, lezi zimo akudingeki zihlale zikhona, ngaphandle kwalokho noma abantu abaphikelelayo kakhulu bangagula futhi bafe.

Ukuzala

Lapho ugcwalisa umhlambi wezinhlanzi ezi-viviparous e-aquarium enezixhobo, khumbula ukuthi abesilisa abangu-2-3 kufanele babe munye owesilisa. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukukhipha izimo ezingqubuzanayo ezinokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuluthwa kwemvelo.

Abafuyi abukhoma bazala ukukhula okuncane okwakudala okwenziwe ngabazimele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaqanda ahlanganiswa e-utero ngosizo lwe-anal eyeduna yesilisa. Kokunye kwalokhu kukhona izakhamzimba ezidonswa umbungu kuzo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-25-50, ukuzalwa kwengane kwenzeka, kanti nefry iqala impilo yokuzimela.

Inqubo yokulethwa ngokwayo ingahlala emahoreni ambalwa iye ezinsukwini eziningana. Esikhathini esithile ngaphambi kokuqala kwayo, insikazi ingaba nolaka. Ukuthi inqubo seyiphelile, uzotshelwa izinhlangothi zenhlanzi ezinonile kanye nokuziphatha okuhlaziyeke kakhudlwana.

I-Artemia, ama-cyclops, i-daphnia, i-microplankton ingaba ukudla kokuqala kwezilwane ezisencane. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuzama ukugaya ukudla okwenziwe ngomumo kwezinhlanzi zabantu abadala bese kukuphakela ku-gry.

Emavikini okuqala empilo, amanzi ahlanzekile, i-aeration enhle nokuhlunga kwe-aquarium kubaluleke kakhulu ezinganeni. Qiniseka ukuthi ukunakekela lokhu.

Ulwazi oluvamile

Cishe noma imuphi umuntu wasemanzini okungenani wake wacabanga ngokuthi angayithola kanjani inzalo ezifuyweni azithandayo. Yize kunjalo, inqubo yokusabalalisa ngokwayo nayo iyathakazelisa, ihambisana “nemidanso yokulinganisa” ezinhlanzini eziningi, futhi umphumela owutholile, ngoba ukuwela kungaholela emafomu ombala athakazelisa kakhulu ezinganeni.

Ukuzala izinhlanzi ezihlwayelayo kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwedlulele, evame ukudinga i-aquarium ehlukanisayo ehlukayo, ukudala izimo ezikhethekile ezivuselela ukwanda Ngezinhlanzi eziningi ezikhiqiza impilo, izinto zilula kakhulu. Zingavela kalula ku-aquarium ejwayelekile, ngenkathi ukudalwa kwezimo ezikhethekile, njengomthetho, kungadingeki. Kulula ukondla i-fry eyenziwe ngokuphelele, ngoba kusukela ekuzalweni, iningi labo lingadla ukudla okwomile okwenziwe ngomumo kwentsha.

Sikulethela ukunakwa kwakho kwezinhlanzi eziyi-10 ezaziwa kakhulu ezihlala bukhoma ongazigcina emanzini akho.

6. IGambusia

Le akuyona inhlanzi ekhanyayo eyaba idume ngemuva kokuphindukuzalwa kwayo ezindaweni ezishisayo zomhlaba ukuze ilwe nezibungu zomiyane we-malariya, odlalwa yi-gambusia ngentokozo enkulu. Lokhu kunciphise ngokumangalisayo isibalo sabantu abaye baba nesifo esiyingozi - umalaleveva. Ngemisebenzi yakhe enhlanzini, kwafakwa ngisho nezikhumbuzo eziningi. Indawo yemvelo iMissouri River Basin.

Usayizi we-gambusia ku-aquarium awudluli ku-4 cm (abesilisa) no-7 cm (abesifazane). Ama-guppies afana kakhulu ngokubukeka, kepha apendiwe ngesizotha kakhudlwana: umzimba oluhlaza okotshani namaphini asobala.

Inhlanzi ikhule ukukhuthazela futhi isinda ngokulambisa ezindaweni zasemanzini. Kungcono ukugcina emihlambi yabantu abangu-5-6. Akuyona ukuthula, kuthambekele ekulimeni imichilo komakhelwane. Ihlangana kahle namakhadinali, ama-zebrafish nama-barbs.

7. Dermogenis mfishane

Izinhlanzi ezingajwayelekile ezivela emndenini weHal-Armed. Leli gama lanikezwa isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele semishini yomlomo: umhlathi ongezansi ongaguquki ubude obuphindwe kabili kuneselula engaphezulu, evumela ukuthi "ipike" ukuthi iginye inyamazane enkulu impela ingaphezulu kobuso bamanzi.

Kutholakala ngokwemvelo eSoutheast Asia. Bancamela izidumbu zamanzi ezigelezayo noma ezihamba kancane.

Ubukhulu benhlanzi abudluli ku-7 cm. Umzimba uphakamisiwe, wapendwe ngesiliva nge-tint eblue. Amaphiko mancane, acishe abe sobala. I-Dorsal ne-anal iguqukele emsileni.

Ivolumu ye-aquarium enconyiwe - kusuka kumalitha angama-50. Ama-dermogenises angagcinwa ngababili noma ngamaqembu ngobuningi besifazane. Isikhathi esiningi sichithwa ngaphezulu kwamanzi.

Kuhamba kahle nezinhlanzi eziningi zobukhulu obufanayo.

9. UBrahirafis Rosen

Izinhlanzi ezigqamile nezinempilo ezivela emndenini wakwaPecilieva. Kuthandwa kancane ngabalingisi basemanzini ngenxa yobunzima obuthile bokuzala, okungukuthi, ukudla okusebenzayo kwenzalo yabo. Ngakho-ke, insikazi elungele ukuzalwa idinga ukwenziwa kabusha jig ekhethekile, lapho i-fry ingacasha khona.

Ihlala emifuleni yezintaba ePanama naseCosta Rica.

Izinsikazi ze-brahirafis zikhula zibe ngu-6 cm, abesilisa bangamasentimitha ambalwa. Umbala ubunjwe, ngopende ophuzi noti oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Kuhle ukugcina imihlambi (abantu abangama-5-6) kuma-aquariums kusuka kumalitha angama-50. Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngenani elikhulu lezindawo zokukhosela, ngoba abesilisa be-brahirafis bangaba nolaka maqondana nezihlobo zabo, abesifazane ngesikhathi sokuzala nabanye omakhelwane e-aquarium. Njengoba izinhlanzi zigcinwa ikakhulu ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezingenhla neziphakathi, ama-catfish ahlukahlukene afanelekile njengama-cohabitants. Futhi, inkampani ingenza ama-tetras asheshayo, ama-cichlids amancane aseMelika.