Emhlabeni wethu, inani elikhulu labantu licabanga, njengoba uLouis XV asho: "Ngemuva kwami, okungenani uzamcolo." Abafuni ukubala imithetho yemvelo yasemhlabeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, izinyoni ziqala ukufa.

Ngaphezu kweRed, kukhona iNcwadi eNnyama yezilwane. Uhlu nezithombe zalabo abamele izilo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa futhi manje ezivikelwe zikuNcwadi Elubomvu. KuBlack - kwaletha leso sidalwa esiphilayo esanyamalala phakade ebusweni bomhlaba.

Incwadi emnyama yezilwane ezanyamalalayo iyamangaza ngencazelo yezibalo: kule minyaka engamakhulu amahlanu edlule, izidalwa eziphilayo ezingama-844 ziye zafa emhlabeni.

Yini incwadi emnyama

Le ncwadi yaqala ngo-1500. Zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezashabalala zenzeka, okwakuqinisekiswa yizikhumbuzo zezakhiwo nobuciko, izindaba kanye nokuvezwa kwabahambi.

Iqoqo lifaka amagama ezilwane, izitshalo, umhlaba ongeke uphinde uphinde uzibone. Iningi labo lafa ezandleni zomuntu futhi lanyamalala ngephutha lakhe. Abanye abakwazanga ukuhambisana nemithetho emisha yokuphila, bazivumelanise nezimo zokuphila.

Njengoba le ncwadi ibisisondele isigamu seminyaka eyi-mile, manje sekunzima kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izilwane ezanyamalalayo. Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, ucwaningo olwenziwa abavubukuli, izazi-mlando, kanye ne-culturologists kuyasiza. Babesebenzisa imininingwane evela kumarekhodi ezincwadini, ukumbiwa (amathambo ajulile emhlabeni). Kule mininingwane, kungenzeka ukunquma ngokunembile ukuthi izinhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo zazikhona kuphi emhlabeni.

I-Steller Cormorant

Le nyoni enkulu ibikwazi ukubuka amabanga amafushane kuphela ngenkathi indiza. Ngokuyinhloko, ibisabhekwa njengendiza. Indawo yakhona yathathwa njenge-Commander Islands. Umbala wezimpaphe wawuphonswe ngombala wezinsimbi okhanyayo.

Ngokusho kokubukwa, bekuyinyoni enobuvila kahle, ehlala isikhathi eside endaweni eyodwa. Bengidla ikakhulu inhlanzi.

I-Transcaucasian Tiger

I-Habitat - Indawo ese-Central Asia kanye nezintaba zeCaucasus. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamahlosi, ummeleli walesi sigaba wayephethe ijazi lombala obomvu. Lapho bembona, bamfanisa nomlilo ovuthayo. Futhi imichilo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, yayihlukaniswa nge-tint brown.

Kufundwe kabi kakhulu. Kunedatha encane kukho ngenxa yezindawo ezigcina imfihlo, kanye nobunzima bokuzama ukuyithola.

I-Falkland fox

Impungushe-fox ifundwe kancane. Indawo yakhe yokuhlala yathathwa njengeziqhingi zaseFalkland kuphela, lapho athola khona leli gama. Idla ikakhulu izinyoni, amaqanda ayo no-carrion.

Lapho abantu beqala ukuhlola lezi ziqhingi, lolu hlobo lwezimpungushe lwadutshulwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, inani labantu labhujiswa ngokuphelele.

Carolina Parrot

Le parrot yaba yisisulu sokukolonelwa kwabaseYurophu eNyakatho Melika. Ubude bawo bufinyelele kuma-32 cm.Ikhanda lenyoni lalibomvu ngokugqamile, futhi umzimba uluhlaza. I-parrot eyonakalise izihlahla zezithelo, ngakho-ke iqothula ngokungenacala. Okokugcina ukubonwa kwepherishi laseCarolingian ngo-1926, kwathi ngo-1939 kwamukelwa ngokusemthethweni njengohlobo lokuqothuka.

Dodo

Eqinisweni, ama-Dodovites awumndeni omncane wamajuba, aqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili. Lezi zinyoni ezingenabhanoyi, ezaziwa nangokuthi iDodo, zazihlala esiqhingini saseMascarene, esisogwini olusempumalanga ye-Afrika. I-dodo ephakathi yayilingana ngosayizi kune-goose. Baqothulwa ngamatilosi aseYurophu - amaPhuthukezi kanye namaDashi, ngosizo lwabo bagcwalisa izimpahla ezazitholakala emikhunjini. Iqiniso ngukuthi ukuzingela ama-dodoes kwakulula kakhulu - konke okwakudingeka nje ukusondela kulenyoni wayishaya ngenduku ekhanda.

Inkomo zikaSteller

Izinkomo zasolwandle, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-skits, zaqala zachazwa yisazi sokuma komhlaba saseRussia uVitus Bering ngonyaka ka-1741. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, le nhlobo yayihlala eduzane nase Commander Islands. Isisindo seklabishi elilodwa singafinyelela kumathani angama-5, ngenkathi sibhukuda kancane futhi bekuyinto elula kakhulu ukuhambisa amatilosi. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-1768, izinkomo zakwa-Steller zaphela.

Ijuba labagibeli

Amakhulu ezigidigidi ala manjiva ake ahlala eNyakatho Melika. Bahlasela amakoloni beqhuqha, benza njengesikhonyane. Lokhu kuthukuthelise abantu emzabalazweni ongenakufinyeleleka nale nyoni, ikakhulukazi ngoba inyama yayo ibimnandi kakhulu. Kwaqhutshwa imiqhudelwano yangempela yokuzingela amajuba. Imihlambi ezindizayo yezikhuni yadutshulwa emihlambini ezindizayo, ngenxa yokuthi imvula yangempela yayiwa ngamapuba efile. Kwesinye isikhathi bekuze kusetshenziswe nezibhamu zomshini ekuzingeleni. Ngenxa yalokho, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX. izinhlobo zacishe zacekelwa phansi ngokuphelele, kwathi owokugcina wafa e-zoo ngo-1914.

UHeather grouse

Okunye ukuhlukunyezwa koloni eNyakatho Melika kwakuyinyoni encane, efana kakhulu nezinkukhu zesimanje. UHeather grouse omnyama wayehlala enyakatho-mpumalanga ye-United States. Ama-colonist aletha amagciwane ayingozi aqhamuka eYurophu, acishe acekela phansi i-grouse emnyama. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, kwasungulwa indawo esiqhingini saseMartas-Vinyard, lapho abantu babezama khona ukusindisa inani lalesi silwane. Kodwa-ke, imililo yehlathi, kanye nobusika obuningi obunzima, yenza le mizamo ngeze, kwathi ngo-1932 kwagcina owokugcina we-heather grouse.

I-Quagga

Leli hhashi laliyisihlobo esiseduze samadube. Babenombala onemigqa ekhanda naphambi komzimba. Ngemuva kwehhashi lalinsundu, futhi imilenze imhlophe. AmaQuaggis ayehlala eSouth Africa, ngenkathi afuywe ngabantu bendawo futhi abasiza ukuvikela imihlambi yezimvu. Kodwa-ke, amaBhunu, okungukuthi, amakoloni aseYurophu, aqala ukuzingela amahhashi, ngenxa yalokho anyamalala ngo-1883. Lesi ukuphela kwezinhlobo ezanyamalala ezadalwa ngabantu.

I-wireless loon

Le ngenye inyoni engenandiza eye yaba yisisulu sokuzingela komuntu. Ubehlala eziqhingini eziseNyakatho ye-Atlantic futhi uchithe impilo yakhe yonke emanzini. Ngaphandle, ama-eels ayebukeka njengamapengu namadada anamuhla. Abantu babezingela izinyoni iminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu, futhi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XVI. lokhu kuholele ekunciphiseni okukhulu kwenani lama-eels. Kakade ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII. le nhlobo yathathwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kososayensi, kepha abazingeli babekwazi ukukuqothula. Umuntu wokugcina ongenamaphiko wabulawa ngo-1844 emathanjeni ase-Eldei eduze nase-Iceland.

Lolu hlobo lwezinkunzi lwake lwahlala endaweni enkulu ukusuka ePortugal kuye eKorea. Isilwane, esasibizwa nangokuthi "inkunzi yasendle", sasinokuphakama okufika ku-180 cm nesisindo esingama-800 kg. Abesilisa babemnyama, kanti izintokazi zibomvu. E-Afrika nase-Middle East, ukuvakasha kwaqothulwa esikhathini eside ngaphambi kuka-BC. e., naseYurophu, ukuqothulwa kwayo kwahlotshaniswa nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ngekhulu le-VIII-XII. Izinkunzi zasendle ezinde kakhulu zazihlala ePoland, lapho zazivikelwe umbuso. Ngo-1627, uhambo lokugcina lwashona edolobhaneni lase-Yaktovur, elisendaweni engama-50 km ukusuka eWarsaw.

I-Paleopropitec

I-Paleopropithecus luhlobo lonke lwezinkawu, ezibandakanya izinhlobo ze-3. Bahlala esiqhingini saseMadagascar. Kwezilwane zesimanje, i-paleopithesets yizo ezisondele kakhulu kuma-lemurs, kepha zazinzima kakhulu. Isisindo sazo sifinyelele kuma-60 kg, kuyilapho ama-lemurs engenasisindo esingaphezu kwe-10 kg. Ngasikhathi sinye, bachitha cishe impilo yabo yonke ezihlahleni. I-Paleopropithecus yanyamalala cishe ngekhulu le-15. ngenxa yokuzingela ngabantu bendawo abangama-Aborigine. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi lesi ngesinye sezidalwa ezimbalwa okubhujiswa kwazo okungahambisani nekoloni laseYurophu.

Giant fossa

Lesi silwane sihlala eMadagascar. Ngaphandle, i-fossa yayinjengekhokho futhi ihola ngendlela efanayo yokuphila. Izinhlobo zamathambo ezinkulu zazingelwa i-paleopropithecus. Ukuqothulwa kwe-paleopropithecus kuholele ekutheni amaFosses aphelelwe ukudla, ngenxa yalokho wona ngokwawo anyamalala ngemuva kwamashumi eminyaka ambalwa.

Inyosi yaseCaucasian

Yaziwa nangokuthi "dombai". Phambilini, inyathi yaseCaucasian yayihlala ezindaweni ezinkulu zaseSouth Caucasus nase-Iran, kodwa maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX. bahlangana vele kumaKuban. Ngo-1920, inani labantu baseDombay lase lehliselwa kubantu abangama-500, futhi kakade ngo-1927 elokugcina labo lacekelwa phansi ngabazingeli eduze kweNtaba i-Alous. Lolu hlobo lwaluhluke kumabhungane ajwayelekile anezinwele ezigobile, kanye negobongo elithile lezimpondo.

I-Caspian tiger

Lesi sidlakudla sasihlala ogwini oluseningizimu yoLwandle iCaspian, eTranscaucasia naseCentral Asia. Wayehlukaniswa ngemicu emide ngombala onsundu, kanye namadevu amahle kakhulu. Ngobukhulu, kwakuphakathi kwe-Amur encane nehlosi laseBengal elikhudlwana. Umdlwembe wayehlukaniswa namandla ayo okuhamba aze afike ku-100 km ngosuku. Umhlangano wokugcina wendoda enehlosi uqala ngo-1954. Kukholelwa ukuthi washona ngenxa yokutshalwa kweCentral Asia nguMbuso waseRussia kanye ne-USSR, ngenxa yemisebenzi yabo, inani lezilwane ezifuywayo kanye nengxenye yezilwane zasendle kwehle, kwathi lokhu kwalandela kwaba yisisekelo sokudla kwehlosi.

Ibhubesi laseYurophu

Kuyamangaza ukuthi, nangezinsuku zamaRoma asendulo, hhayi izimpisi kuphela, kodwa futhi namabhubesi ayehamba emahlathini aseYurophu! Yakhiwa eFrance, e-Italiya, eBalkan. Inkumbulo yalolu hlobo igcinwe encazelweni ye-feat yokuqala kaHeracles, okwakungukubulawa kwengonyama endaweni eduzane nedolobha laseNeea. Elokugcina lamabhubesi aseYurophu labhujiswa ngonyaka ka-100 AD e.

Tarpan

Omunye wokhokho bamahhashi anamuhla kwakuyi-tarpan. Wayehlala eMpumalanga Yurophu, Russia, Kazakhstan. Ama-subtypes wehlathi nama-steppe tarpans ahlukaniswa. Ubude bemizimba yabo abudluli ku-150 cm, futhi ukuphakama kwafinyelela ku-136 cm. I-tarpan yokugcina yamahlathi yacekelwa phansi kwaseKaliningrad ngo-1814. Endle, ama-steppe tarpanes atholakala kuze kube ngu-1879, kwathi owokugcina washona eMos Zoo ngo-1918.

Izinhlobo ezingapheli

Imvamisa, izinhlobo zemvelo zazivezwa ukuqothulwa, ezazihlala isikhathi eside zinezimo ezithile zodwa. Izinhlobo ezinjalo ngokuvamile zazingenazitha zemvelo futhi zilahlekile imishini yokuzivikela, kufaka phakathi ukusabela kokuziphatha, futhi namandla okundiza alahlekile ezinyoni. Isizathu sokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo ezinjalo kungenzeka ukuthi asiqondanga, kepha ithonya lomuntu engaqondile - ngokwesibonelo, izilwane ezalethwa ngamabomu noma ngephutha ngabantu (amakati, izinja, ezinye izinyamazane, amagundane), noma ukuguqulwa, futhi kaningi ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwemvelo yemvelo (izindawo zezilwane ezihlala kuzo) ngezidingo ezolimo, ezokwakha, imboni nezinye izinhloso.

Isigaxa se-Orange

Lolu hlobo lwamakhanda lutholakala kuphela ngonyaka we-1966. Lalihlala indawo elinganiselwe kakhulu emahlathini aseCosta Rica enendawo engaphansi kwamamitha-skwele. km Okokugcina kwabonwa isithsaba seorenji ngo-1989. Imbangela yokuqedwa kwabo kwaba isomiso esibi eCosta Rica ngo-1987 kuya ku-19191. Ubhubhane olubangelwe yisikhunta esiyingozi nalo lungathinta inhlobo. I-toad ye-orange yayihlukaniswa yisikhumba esifana negolide ngombala, futhi ubude bomzimba waso abudluli kuma-56 mm.

Ukuqothula kusuka ngo-1500 kuye ku-1599

• Plagiodontia ipnaeum - i-rodent engapheli yomndeni wakwaHoutian, ngaphambili owatholakala eDominican Republic naseHaiti. Izindawo zemvelo zesilo zazingamahlathi emvula angaphansi komhlaba nezindawo ezishisayo. Ukukhonjwa kokugcina kubhekisele esikhathini esingu-1536-1546.
• I-Quemisia gravis - I-rodent okungowomndeni kaHeptaxodontidae (English) Russian. . Phambilini behlangane eDominican Republic naseHaiti. Ukukhonjwa kokugcina kubhekisele esikhathini esingu-1536-1546. Imbangela yokuqothulwa ukushabalala kwezindawo zemvelo.
• Noronhomys vespuccii (English) Russian - i-rodent engapheli eyayihlala esiqhingini saseFernando di Noronha. Kushubile ngenxa yokuqalwa kwamagundane asemikhunjini eziqhingini ezivela emikhunjini yase-Amerigo Vespucci, owayehlala nice yemvelo irayisi amagundane. Ukuphela kokugcina kuqale ku-1503.
• I-Nycticorax olsoni (English) Russian - inyoni yasebusuku yomndeni wama-heron obehlala e-Ascension Island, okukhulunywa ngakho kokugcina kuqale ngo-1555 ngokusho kweminye imithombo futhi kwangama-1502 ngokusho kwabanye.

Ukuqothula kusuka ku-1600 kuye ku-1699

• Nyctanassa carcinocatactes - uhlobo lwe-heron olungapheli olwaluhlala eBermuda. Kuchazwa ngonyaka we-2006 kusuka ezinsaleleni zika-S. L. Olson no-D. B. Wingate. . Ukuphela kokugcina kuqale ku-1623.
• ICowgirl Debua (lat. Nesotrochis debooyi) - uhlobo lwenyoni olwaluhlala eCuba. Ukuphela kokugcina kuqale ku-1625.

Isifutho sendlovu yase-Abingdon

Le mikhakha yamafudu ibandakanya uLone George odumile - umuntu owayehlala endaweni egcina isiqhingi saseSanta Cruz. Kwaphela amashumishumi eminyaka, ososayensi bezama ukuthola inzalo kuGeorge ukuze kugcinwe isilwane esisengcupheni, kepha ngonyaka ka-2012, ufudu, obeluneminyaka okungenani eyi-100 lwashona. Izimfudu zezindlovu zase-Abingdon zazihlukaniswa ngesithaphu esikhethekile esakhiwe ngendlela enomphetho. Banyamalala ngenxa yokusabalala kwezimbuzi ezifuywayo kulesi siqhingi - bamane badla cishe bonke utshani futhi banciphisa nezimfudu zokudla.

Impisi yaseMarsupial

Le mpisi yayihlala e-Australia futhi yayihlukaniswa ngemivimbo emhlane wayo. Ngaphandle, wayebukeka njengenja futhi enesisindo esifinyelela kuma-25 kg. Ubude bempisi babungamasentimitha ayi-100-130. Kuzo zonke izilwane zasolwandle ezidla izambane likapondo, lolu hlobo lwedolo lwalukhulu kakhulu. Umhlangano wokuqala wabaseYurophu onempisi wenzeka ngo-1792, futhi nangaleso sikhathi izinyamazane zaziseceleni kokuqothulwa. Njengoba impisi yasolwandle yayizingela izimvu, abelusi base-Australia baqala ukumdubula kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XX. baba nesifo senja. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-1938, umuntu wokugcina owaziwa wafa e-zoo. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi banethemba lokuthi izimpisi eziningana zasolwandle zisaphila esiqhingini saseTasmania.

IsiKhumbuzo seMonari yaseCaribbean

Ubude bomzimba balezi zimpawu bafinyelela ku-2.4 m, kanti isisindo sabo sasingama-270 kg. Bahlala eCaribbean naseGulf of Mexico. Izimpawu zokuphila zazincamela impilo emaqenjini amakhulu ezilwane ezingama-20- 40 futhi zichithe iningi losuku ziphumula emabhishi anesihlabathi. Izinhlobo zidla ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi. Ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwezimboni esifundeni (ikakhulukazi, ngenxa yokuchitheka kawoyela), izimpawu zomuthi waseCaribbean zaphela ngonyaka we-1952.

Ubhejane omnyama waseNtshonalanga

Eqinisweni, lezi zilwane azifani ngombala omnyama. Isikhumba sabo asimpunga, kepha obhejane bathola umbala wenhlabathi lapho bachitha khona isikhathi sabo. Isisindo somuntu ngamunye sasingamathani angama-2,2, kanti ubude bufika kumamitha ayi-3.15. Uphondo lungaba nobude obuyi-60 cm - lokhu kungaphezu kophondo lwanoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zobhejane. Emuva ngekhulu le-XIX. akukho lutho olwabeka engcupheni inani lobhejane abamnyama basentshonalanga, kepha ikoloni le-Afrika kwaholela ekwehlisweni kwenhlekelele kwabo. Kudala ngo-1930, imixhaso yathathwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa, kepha abazingeli abaqhubeka nokuyizingela. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngonyaka we-2013 kwathiwa azinyamalele.

IForosa Smoky Leopard

Yakhelwe kuphela eTaiwan (elinye lamagama alesi siqhingi yiForosa). Ingwe yayihlala ikakhulu ezihlahleni, futhi inqwaba yayo yayingadluli kuma-20 kg. Kubantu abangama-Aborigine bendawo, ukubulala ingwe kwakuthathwa njengento yangempela, isikhumba saso sisetshenzisiwe emicimbini yenkolo. Ukukhula kwezimboni zalesi siqhingi nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kwenza umhlaseli waya ezintabeni. Isikhathi sokugcina ukubonwa ingwe yaseForosa ngo-1983.

Ibhere laseMexico elizwelayo

Enye yamabhere amakhulu kakhulu ahlala eMhlabeni. Izihlakala ezisezandleni zakhe zingaba nobude obufika ku-80 mm. Kwakuhlukaniswa ngezindlebe ezincane kakhulu. Ama-grizzlies aseMexico ayehlala kule ndawo ukusuka e-Arizona (USA) kuya ezifundeni zaseDurango naseCoahuila, eseMexico. Izinhlobo zale ndawo zacekelwa phansi ngenxa yokuzingela kanye nokwakhiwa kwezindawo ezintsha ngabantu, ngenxa yalokho amabhere ayengenandawo yokuhlala. Uhulumeni waseMexico wakuvimbela ukuzingela kwabo kuphela ngo-1959, kodwa eminyakeni eyishumi elandelayo izinhlobo zaqothuka ngokuphelele.

Chinese echibini dolphin

Akuhlalwa emachibini kuphela, kepha nasemifuleni. La mahlengethwa atholakala ngo-1918 eDongting Lake. Abantu bale nhlobo babenombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nesisu esimhlophe. Isisindo sedolphin eyodwa singafinyelela ku-167 kg. Isici esihlukile salawa mahlengethwa sasingumbono ophansi kakhulu. Ngo-2006, ososayensi behluleka ukuthola lezi zinhlobo zezinto ezazikuyo, kwathi ngonyaka we-2017 kwathiwa azisenalutho.

Isinyathelo se-kangpeo rat

Le nduku yayihlala eSouth Australia. Ubude bomzimba wakhe babungama-25 cm, kanti nomsila ungaba nobude obungamasentimitha angama-37. Isisindo somuntu sasingu-0.63-1.06 kg. Ngokokuqala ngqa, lezi zilwane, ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-kangaroo gologruded, zachazwa ngonyaka we-1843. Ngokuzayo kwaqoshwa ikoloni ngonyaka ka-1931. Lokhu kusho ukuthi le nhlobo yayisisondele ekuqothulweni ngaphandle “kosizo” lomuntu. Ukuhlolwa kokugcina kwegundane le-kangaroo kubhalwe ngo-1935.

Ezinye Izilwane Zezimnyama

Inyoni yaseMoa

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Inyoni enkulu, efinyelela kumamitha angama-3.5 ukuphakama, yayihlala eNew Zealand. I-Moa iyindawo etholakala kuyo yonke indawo, ngaphakathi lapho kwakukhona khona izinhlobo eziyi-9. Onke ayengama-herbivores futhi ayedla amaqabunga, izithelo, futhi namahlumela ezihlahla ezincane. Okuqothulwe ngokusemthethweni eminyakeni yama-1500s, noma kunjalo, kunobufakazi obungenabufakazi bokuthi umhlangano nezinyoni ze-moa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19.

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I-wireless loon

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Inyoni engenabhanoyi, umhlangano wokugcina okwaqoshwa ngawo maphakathi nekhulu le-19. Indawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile - amasango angenakufinyeleleka eziqhingini. Isisekelo sokondliwa kwama-eelless angenantambo izinhlanzi. Ibhujiswe ngokuphelele ngumuntu ngenxa yokunambitheka okuvelele.

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Ijuba labagibeli

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Ummeleli womndeni wamajuba, obonakala ngekhono lokuzulazula ebangeni elide. Ijuba elizulazulayo liyinyoni yomphakathi ebanjelwe emaphaketheni. Inani labantu emhlambini owodwa lalilikhulu. Sekukonke, inani eliphelele lalawa majuba ngezikhathi ezimnandi kakhulu lenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuba abanikeze isimo senyoni evame kakhulu eMhlabeni.

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Uphawu lweCaribbean

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Isigaxa esinobude bomzimba ofinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5. Umbala - onsundu ngombala onsomi. Indawo ejwayelekile yindawo engasolwandle yoLwandle lweCaribbean, iGulf of Mexico, neBahamas. Ingxenye eyinhloko yokudla kwakuyizinhlanzi.

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I-Worcester thimble

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Inyoni encane ebukeka njengogwaca. Sasakazwa kabanzi emazweni ase-Asia. Indawo ejwayelekile yindawo evulekile enezikhala ezinde noma iziqu zamahlathi. Wayenendlela yokuphila ecashile kakhulu futhi ecashile.

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Impisi yaseMarsupial

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Isilwane esincelisayo e-Australia. Kwakuthathwa njengobukhulu kunabo bonke bezilwane zasendle ezihlaselayo. Isibalo sezimpisi ezi-marsupial, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, sesinciphile kakhulu kangangokuba kunesizathu sokucabanga ukuqothulwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kunamaqiniso anamuhla angaqinisekisiwe omhlangano nomuntu ngamunye.

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ECamibia obhejane abamnyama

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Yisilwane esikhulu esinamandla esinesisindo somzimba esingamathani ayi-2,5. Indawo ejwayelekile yindawo yase-Afrika. Isibalo sobhejane abamnyama siyancipha, enye yezindawo eziphansi kwayo ezimemezelwe ngokusemthethweni ukuthi ziyanyamalala ngonyaka we-2013.

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URodriguez Parrot

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Inyoni ekhanyayo evela eziqhingini zaseMascarene. Kunolwazi oluncane kakhulu ngaye. Kuphela ngumbala obomvu ohlaza okotshani kanye nomlomo omkhulu. Ngokomqondo, wawunezingosi ezazingahlala esiqhingini saseMauritius. Okwamanje, akekho noyedwa omele lezi zinhlaka.

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Ukhalelwa Ijuba uMika

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Kumenyezelwe ngokuqothuka ngokusemthethweni ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Izinyoni zalolu hlobo zazihlala eNew Guinea, njengomthombo wokudla wabantu bendawo. Kukholakala ukuthi ukushona kwejuba elicekelisiwe kwaholela ekuqothulweni kwezindawo ngamakati.

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UHeather grouse

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Inyoni enenkukhu eyayihlala emathafeni aseNew England kuze kube yiminyaka yo-1930s. Njengomphumela wenkimbinkimbi yezizathu, inani lezinyoni lehle laya ezingeni elibucayi. Ukusindisa lezi zinhlobo, kwaqalwa indawo egcina umlilo, noma kunjalo, imililo yehlathi kanye nobusika obandayo obandayo kwaholela ekufeni kwabo bonke ababhokisi be-heather.

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I-Falkland fox

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Impungushe engafundanga kangako eyayihlala kuphela esiQhingini saseFalkland. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-fox kwakuyizinyoni, amaqanda abo no-carrion. Ngesikhathi kuthuthukiswa iziqhingi ngabantu, kwadutshulwa izimpungushe, ngenxa yalokho izinhlobo zahlakazeka ngokuphelele.

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Ingwe emnandi yaseTaiwan

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Lesi sidlakela esincane, esinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-20, sichithe impilo yakhe yonke sisezihlahleni. Ummeli wokugcina walezinhlobo wabonwa ngonyaka we-1983. Imbangela yokuqothuka kwaba ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni nokuqothulwa kwamahlathi. Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kwezinye izindawo zasendaweni, abantu abaningana balengwe kungenzeka basinda.

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IsiShayina paddlefish

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Inhlanzi enkulu enamanzi amaningi afinyelela kumamitha amathathu ubude futhi inesisindo esingama-kilogremu angama-300. Ubufakazi obuhlukile abangaqinisekiswanga bukhuluma ngabantu obungamamitha ayisikhombisa ubude. IPaddlefish yayihlala eMfuleni iYangtze, ngezikhathi ezithile ibhukuda oLwandle oluLuhlaza. Okwamanje, akekho ummeleli ophilayo walolu hlobo owaziwayo.

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Ibhere laseMexico elizwelayo

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Kuyi-subspecies yebhere elinsundu futhi yayihlala e-United States. Ibhere laseMexico elizwelayo liyibhere elikhulu kakhulu eline "hump" elihlukile phakathi kwamagxa ehlombe. Umbala wayo uyathakazelisa - ngokuvamile onsundu, ungahlukahluka kusuka kokukhanya okukhanyayo kwegolide kuya komnyama ophuzi. Izinhlobo zokugcina zabonwa eChihuahua ngonyaka we-1960.

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I-Paleopropitec

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Kuluhlobo lwama-lemurs ayehlala eMadagascar. Lesi yisilinganiso esikhulu, nesisindo somzimba esifinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-60. I-Paleopropithecus inamahlathi amaningi. Kunombono wokuthi wacishe wehla emhlabeni.

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I-Iberian Capricorn

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Ihlala eSpain nasePortugal. Phambilini bekugcwele ezweni lonke lase-Iberia peninsula, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokuzingela, inani lezinhlobo lehle laze lehle ngokubaluleka. Manje itholakala kumamitha afinyelela kumamitha ayi-3 500 ngaphezu kolwandle.

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Chinese dolphin yomfula

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Njengoba uhlobo lwesilwane lwatholakala muva nje - ngonyaka we-1918. Indawo ejwayelekile yindawo yaseChinese yaseYangtze kanye neQiantang. Kubonakala ngokungaboni kahle emehlweni kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-ecolocation. IDolphin kuthiwa inyamalale ngonyaka we-2017. Imizamo yokuthola abantu abasindile ayiphumelelanga.

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I-Epiornis

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Inyoni engenabhanoyi eyayihlala eMadagascar kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu le-17. Njengamanje, ososayensi bathola ngezikhathi ezithile amaqanda alezi zinyoni asekhona kuze kube namuhla. Ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwe-DNA etholakala egobolondweni, kungashiwo ukuthi i-epiornis ingukhokho lwenyoni yanamuhla ye-kiwi, nokho, incane kakhulu.

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I-Balinese tiger

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Leli tiger lalilikhulu ngesizotha. Ubude boboya bufushane kakhulu kunobabanye babameleli bamahlosi. Umbala wejazi ungumbala ogqamile, owolintshi ogqamile ngemivimbo emnyama eshintshekayo. Ingwe yokugcina kaBalinese yadutshulwa yabulawa ngo-1937.

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I-Holographic Kangaroo

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Lesi silwane sibukeka njengegundwe, emndenini waso. I-kanggraphic kangaroo yayihlala e-Australia. Kwakuyisilwane esincane esinesisindo somzimba sekhilogremu esisodwa. Kwakuvame kakhulu emathafeni nasezigangeni zesihlabathi ngokuba khona kwesihlahla esiminyene.

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Ibhubesi leBarbary

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Lokhu kubuswa kwamabhubesi bekugcwele kakhulu eNyakatho Afrika. Wayehlukaniswa yi-mane emnyama yombala omnyama nomzimba oqinile kakhulu. Kwakungomunye wamabhubesi amakhulu emlandweni wanamuhla wokutadisha izilwane.

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Isiphetho

Ezimweni eziningi, ukufa kwezilwane kungavinjelwa. Ngokwezibalo ezijwayelekile, izinhlobo eziningana zezilwane noma zezitshalo ziyafa nsuku zonke emhlabeni. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kungenxa yezinqubo zemvelo ezenzeka ngaphakathi kohlaka lokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Kepha izikhathi eziningi izenzo zokuphamba komuntu kuholela ekuqothulweni. Isimo sengqondo sokucophelela kuphela emvelweni esizosiza ukumisa ukwanda kweBlack Book.

Ngokwami, ngiyaxolisa kakhulu ngenani lezinhlobo ezinjalo zezilwane ezingapheli. Ngifuna ukusho izikhathi ezi-2:
1) Ososayensi, ngoba bezama ukubuyisela izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezingapheli futhi bezama ukudlulisela kubantu ngezilwane ezingapheli.
2) kuwe, ngoba uqoqe imininingwane mayelana nalezi zilwane futhi watshela abantu.
Kunokukodwa okukodwa okuncane embhalweni wakho: isikhangiso esivela phakathi kwezigaba, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi umcabango walokho okufundayo uyanyamalala. Yilokho kuphela.

Vsevolod, ngiyabonga ngempendulo yakho.

Ngokuqondene nokukhangisa: sihlela ukunciphisa inani laso emibhalweni ngokuzayo, kepha okwamanje asikwazi ukukwenza, ngoba uma kungenjalo kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukugcina izinsiza zisezingeni elifanele.

Ozithobayo,
Inoveli.

Faka enye i-Blue Aru ne-White Rhino ....
Ngiyaphinda futhi ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi isidalwa esiyingozi kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngumuntu.
Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi ... ukuzingela ubumnandi ... ukuzingela ... izintaba zodoti ... ukungcoliswa kwemifula ... ulwandle ... izilwandle ... umoya ngisho nendawo ... isimo sengqondo sabathengi kule planethi ... Umbuzo: isintu sinelungelo lokubizwa ngokuthi yi-CIVILIZATION.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umuntu uphilela izidingo zakhe eziqanjiwe. Okuyikho empeleni okungekho, kepha kunesiphakamiso esakha isidingo.

Ngixolise kakhulu ngazo zonke lezi zilwane, ngiyakhumbula ukuthi izolo ngihamba kanjani ngase-Yalta Zoo ngonyaka ka-2014 futhi ngabona la mahlengethwa edabukisa ukuthi abantu benza izinto ezingcolile😢

Sasha, ungalokothi uye e-zoo naseisekisini

Lowo muzwa lapho ngihlala ngiqonda ukuthi bonke abantu babi kunezilwane! Akumnandi ukuba njalo lapho ufunda ukuthi lesi silwane besingagcini nje ngokushabalala, kepha "sidutshulwe"!

I-Anastasia, isekisi - ngiyayisekela. I-zoo yi-zoo. Phambilini, bekubuye kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba, ngoba ezimeni eziningi yebo, yonke into imbi nje .. kanye nezimo zokugcina kanye nesimo sezilwane nakho konke okunye, ngize ngivakashele enye yezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zoos eYurophu ePoland. Isimo sengqondo esihluke ngokuphelele ezilwaneni, futhi kusobala ukuthi bazizwa bekhona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ufunda izindatshana ngaphandle kwalezi, ungathola ukuthi izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zihlala “bukhoma” kuphela ngoba ummeleli wazo / wayekuyi-zoo (angazi ukuthi ngikuziphi izimo) lapho zengekho endle. Akukona ukuthi ngandlela thile kungasindisa ukubuka, kepha isilwane, yize sigcine, sihlala ngokuphepha kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku zayo.

Ngiyabonga ngawo wonke umsebenzi owenziwe, ngolwazi, kepha kunento eyodwa kodwa! Incwadi emnyama yincwadi lapho kuqoqwa khona izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezingapheli, futhi kulesi sihloko kunezinhlobo ezincane, kodwa eziphilayo zezilwane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, yonke into iphelele 🙂

Ngiyabonga ngalesi sihloko. Ngisho nomzukulu wayehawukela izilwane ezibulewe, zichithwe ngumuntu. Asibahloniphi abazingeli, abazingeli, ngaphandle kwezidalwa ezinamafutha. Ngenxa yalokhu, izilwane zethu ziyafa. Yebo, neminye imiphumela ebuhlungu ngaphandle kwezidalwa ezixakile (ngaphandle kwenhliziyo), njengokugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuzingela ubumnandi, ukungcoliswa kwemifula .. ulwandle .. ulwandle .. umoya ... njalonjalo. uvuka uvukele konke lokhu.

I-Mauritius Chubat Parrot

Iphephadonga laseMauritius Chubat luhlobo lwezinyoni ezinkulu ezingapheli zomndeni weparrot, ezisendaweni eyi-Mascaren Island yaseMauritius. Akukaziwa ukuthi hlobo luphi uhlobo oluyisihlobo esisondele kakhulu se-Chubata parrot, kepha itekisi elibhekwayo labekwa esizweni samaphalishi wangempela njengamanye amapherishi ama-maskaren. Izinhlobo zezilwane okukhulunywa ngazo bekufana neRodriguez parrot, okungenzeka ukuthi yisihlobo esiseduzane.

Ikhanda lenyoni lalilikhulu maqondana nomzimba, futhi kwakukhona isidalwa esiphambili ebunzini. Le nyoni yayinomlomo omkhulu kakhulu, iqhathaniswa nosayizi we-macac hyacinth futhi ivumela ukuthi ivule imbewu kanzima. I-subfossilia yamathambo ikhombisa ukuthi izinhlobo zazinokukhanya okuqinile kocansi komzimba nekhanda kunanoma iyiphi enye i-parrot ephilayo. Umbala oqondile awaziwa, kodwa incazelo yesimanje ikhombisa ukuthi inyoni yayinekhanda eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umzimba ompunga noma omnyama futhi, mhlawumbe, uqhwaku olubomvu. Le nyoni kukholakala ukuthi ibindiza kabi.

Izinsalela zikhombisa ukuthi abesilisa babemakhulu kunabesifazane, ngokulandelana babe ngu-55-65 cm no-45-55 cm, nokuthi bobabili ubulili babenamakhanda amakhulu nemilebe. I-dimorphism yezocansi ngosayizi wezithunga zabesilisa nabesifazane iyabonakala kakhulu phakathi kwezidladla. Umehluko emathanjeni wezinsalela kanye nezitho ezisele awukhulunyelwa kangako, kodwa-ke, le nyoni ine-dimorphism ebonakalayo ebonakalayo ngosayizi womzimba kunanoma iyiphi upholi ophilayo namuhla. Ngenxa yalesi sici, kungahlukahluka ngosayizi phakathi kwezinyoni ezimbili ngesikebhe esingu-1601.

Umbiko we-1602 Reyer Cornelis uvame ukuhunyushwa njengowukuphela kwereferensi yesimanjemanje ngosayizi wamaprickick, aqokomisa "amagwababa amaNdiya amakhulu namancane" phakathi kwezilwane zesiqhingi. Ukucaciswa okugcwele kombhalo womthombo kwasungulwa kuphela ngo-2003, futhi kwabonisa ukuthi ikhefana ekuhumusheni lwesiNgisi alibekwanga kahle, esikhundleni se- “amagwababa angamaNdiya”, “amakhulu namancanyana” abhekiselwa “ezinkukhu zasendle”, okungenzeka ukuthi kwakungumelusi obomvu waseMauritiya nomncane hlangana futhi.

I-Red Mauritius Cowgirl

Umelusi obomvu waseMauritian wanyamalala ngonyaka we-1700 ngenxa yokuxoshwa kwabantu okusebenzayo kanye nokungenisa izilwane ezweni. Kusele izinsalela zezinhlobo zezilwane ezigciniwe kuphela, kanye nezithombe ezimbalwa ezinhle noma ezingaphansi.

Ngokusekelwe kwenye yalezi zibalo, kanye nemiyalezo evela kubantu besikhathi esikhona, iplamu lenyoni lalibomvu noma libomvu ngombala futhi libukeka njengolayini wezinwele. Uqhwaku lwakhiwe ngendlela ehlukile ezinyangeni ezahlukene, kwezinye lwalucishe luqonde, kwezinye lwalugobile.
Unentshisekelo ezintweni ezibomvu. Futhi, izinyoni zakhangwa yizwi lezihlobo.

I-Quagga Zebra

Lolu hlobo lwe-zebra lwalungehlukile neze ngokuhlukahluka kwalo olujwayelekile. Ukuphela kwento abantu abazibonele yona, futhi eyabhubhisa la madube kamuva, yisikhumba sabo esinamandla kakhulu. Ngenxa yesikhumba esihle, isintu siqothule sonke isibalo salezi zilwane, inyama yazo esivame ukulahlwa.

I-zebra yokugcina ye-quagga ingabonakala e-zoo yaseDashi e-Amsterdam, lapho azifela khona ngo-Agasti 12, 1883.

Kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezingapheli ezazake zasakazeka ezindaweni ezinkulu, umuntu angabiza i-tarpan, i-tour kanye ne-quagga. Ukuvakasha kuyisilwane esivele endaweni enezinhlotshana ezinophahla, umndeni wama-bovine, nohlobo lwenkomo. Uhambo lwaluhlala insimu yaseRussia, iBelarus, iPoland nePrussia, ekuqaleni yayigcwele ukwanda. Ngenxa yenyama nesikhumba semvelo, babezingela ngentshiseko. Umhlambi wokugcina uhlala emahlathini aseMasovian (ePoland).

Ngo-1627, owesifazane wokugcina walolu hambo washona ehlathini eliseduze kwaseYaktorov. Uhambo lwaluyinkunzi enkulu, enkulu, nenothile, kodwa yayiphakeme kancane lapho ibuna. Imidwebo egciniwe enesithombe sakhe namathambo. Ukuvakasha kungukhokho wezinkomo zaseYurophu ezifuywayo. Inyathi nenyathi cishe yahlangabezana nokuphelelwa yithemba kohambo, kodwa empeleni ngesikhathi sokugcina lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zasindiswa.

IMartinique Macaw

Izinhlobo ezingapheli. IMartinique Macaw yachazwa ngonyaka we-1905 nguW. Rothschild ngokusho kwenothi elifishane kusukela ngekhulu le-17, lelo uBud wabhala ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Lolu hlobo lwamapharishi lwaluhlala esiqhingini saseMartinique, esisenkabeni ye-Lesser Antilles archipelago eCaribbean.

Kukholelwa ukuthi iMartinique macaw, ebifana kakhulu ne-macaw ephuzi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ibiyisiqhingi sakhona. Ikhanda nomzimba ongaphezulu wale nyoni wawunemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi isisu nengxenye engenhla yentamo ibomvu.

Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, uRothschild, ngokwamanothi kaDe Rochefort, uchaze izinyoni ezimbili ezihlala esiqhingini saseMartinique: enye yazo inenqwaba yephuzi ekhanda, emuva namaphiko futhi inomsila obomvu, enye inenqwaba yemibala ebomvu, emhlophe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okomnyama nokumnyama imibala. Okokugcina ukukhuluma iMartinique Macaw kwenzeka ngo-1640.

Ixoxo leGolide

Ixoxo legolide alitholakalanga kudala kangako, ngonyaka we-1966, kepha ngemuva kwamashumi ambalwa eminyaka, lahlulwa ubuntu ngokungenakuphikiswa.Iqiniso ngukuthi indawo ababehlala kuyo yayincane futhi icacile - yayingamahlathi azungeze iMonteverde eCosta Rica, lapho izinga lokushisa nomswakama laligcinwa njalo amakhulu eminyaka.

Kodwa-ke, ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke, imbangela yayo, okuyiqiniso, kungumsebenzi womuntu, kushintshe izindlela zomoya ezijwayelekile zale nsimu. Umzimba wexoxo wegolide, elibucayi kakhulu ekushintsheni kwemvelo, alikwazanga ukumelana nama-metamorphoses anjalo emahlathini awo ajwayelekile. Isigaxa sokugcina segolide saba esikhundleni somuntu ngonyaka we-1989.

Inyoni yaseMoa

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, izinyoni ezinkulu ze-moa zingatholakala eNew Zealand, namuhla zifakwe kuhlu njengezinhlobo zezinto ezingapheli, kepha abathanda kakhulu basenethemba lokuthola izibalo eziphilayo zalezi zinyoni ezingafani nalutho eziqhingini ezimbili ezinkulu. Kwake kwathi, ngaphambi kokufika kwabantu, iNewaland yayiyinyoni "yangempela", kwakungekho izilwane ezincelisayo (amalulwane awabala), umbuso wezinyoni wachuma futhi wanda, futhi ukhozi olukhulu kuphela olubeka engcupheni enkulu kubamele balo abakhulu - izinyoni ze-moa .

Ngokusho kososayensi, esikhathini esidlule kakhulu lapho okhokho bakwa-moa bandizela eNew Zealand, babeyithanda impela, kanti ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwabadli bomhlaba kubangele ukulahleka kancane kancane komkhuba wokundiza. Muva nje, iqembu lososayensi liphakamise ukuthi abakwaMoa bakhohlwe ukuthi bangandiza kanjani ngemuva kokushona kwama-dinosaurs, okubabeke engcupheni enkulu. Ama-Lizards afa, futhi i-moa yayingasadingeki ukundiza. Babengenazo ngisho nezimpiko eziwubala.

IMoa yalahleka ngamaphiko futhi yaqala ukuhamba, idla amaqabunga, izithelo, amahlumela nezimpande. Ngaphambi kokuba abantu bavele eziqhingini, i-moa yavela yaba izinhlobo ezingaba yishumi. Phezu kwama-gias amakhulu, bekukhona nezinhlobo ezincane ezinesisindo esingadluli kuma-20 kg. Isampula ezinkulu kunazo zonke ze-moa zafinyelela kumamitha ayi-3,5 futhi zaba nesisindo esingama-250 kg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsikazi zazicishe zibe nesisindo esiphindwe kabili sabesilisa.

Isithakazelo enyoni exotic enjalo sazibonakalisa phakathi kososayensi baseYurophu ngekota yesibili yekhulu le-19. Kwakunamathambo e-moa amaningi kulezi ziqhingi, kodwa izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo azibonanga. Bazama ukuthola izinyoni ezisindayo, ososayensi bahlela uchungechunge lokuya ezikhungweni ezikude kakhulu zesiqhingi.

Ngokusho kwabaphenyi, inqwaba yomthunzi omnqumo othambile onombala onsundu wawusebenza njengokufihla okuhle kwe-moa kusuka ukhozi olukhulu lwe-Haast. Kwakuyisitha kuphela se-moa futhi ukhozi olukhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

I-Worcester thimble

Le nyoni nayo ayisona isiphetho esinokufisa. Ukuhlwaya owesilisa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-100 futhi kubhekwe njengophilayo ongasekho, kwahlungwa abenzi befilimu yezilwane zasendle edolobheni laseDalton Pass esiqhingini saseLuzon.

Futhi emva kokuzingela, abomdabu bendawo bamane bayithambisa le nyoni bayidla, bengaboni ukuthi ihlambalaza isenzo sabo. Iqiniso lokuthi isisulu somdabu singummeleli wezinhlobo zezinyoni okusolakala ukuthi ziyanyamalala sitshelwe odokotela bezinhlungu, abathi ngemuva kwesikhathi babona lo mbhalo. “Kuyasijabulisa ukuthi le nyoni yaqoshwa izithombe ngephutha. Kepha kuthiwani uma bekungummeleli wokugcina walolu hlobo? ”

ECamibia obhejane abamnyama

Isikhumba sesilwane ngimpunga. Kepha izindawo lapho kwahlangatshezwa obhejane baseCameroon Ngokuthanda ukuwela odakeni, abamele izilwane zase-Afrika bathola umbala ofanayo. Kukhona namanje obhejane abamhlophe. Basinda ngoba babenolaka olukhulu kunezihlobo eziwile. Izilwane ezimnyama zazizingelwa ngokuyinhloko njengezinyamazane ezilula. Ummeleli wokugcina walezi zilwane wawa ngonyaka we-2013.

URodriguez Parrot

Izincazelo zokuqala zalolu hlobo zivela ku-1708. Ipharishi lalihlala eRodriguez eMascarene Islands, ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angama-650 empumalanga neMadagascar. Ekugcineni, umzimba wale nyoni wawungaba yingxenye yemitha. Le parrot yayihlukaniswa yipayipi elikhanyayo eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, elalimaza. Ukuthola izimpaphe ezinhle, abantu baqala ukuzingela izinyoni zaloluhlobo ngokungalawuleki. Ngenxa yalokho, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, ipholiji yaqothulwa ngokuphelele.

Ukhalelwa Ijuba uMika

Ijuba elihlanganisiwe le-Mika, noma i-corn-ni-lua, noma ijuba le-Choiseul, noma ijuba elikhanyayo elikhulukazi - ijuba elivela e-Choiseul Island (Solomon Islands). Washona phakathi nekhulu lama-20. IDicked Cove kaMick yatholwa ngumhambi odumile u-Albert Stuart Mick.

Le nyoni yayinekhanda elimnyama eline-tinge elibomvu, isicu esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nemilenze ebubende. Amaqanda ekhilimu. Ukumemeza kuphansi, kuyadlidliza. Izakhamizi zakule ndawo ziyakwazi ukulingisa ngobuchwepheshe bokukhala kwensuba yaseChoiseul.

Inhlolokhono eyaziwa kakhulu yavunulwa esiQhingini saseChoiseul, ukuhlonipha inyoni yalo elinye lamagama ayo. Isazi sezemvelo u-Albert Stuart Mick, owathola ijuba ngo-1904, wasebenzela iNkosi Walter Rothschild (owagcina echaza isayensi yezinhlobo), futhi wayenemininingwane yokuthi le nyoni ihlala eziqhingini ezingomakhelwane, ikakhulukazi iSanta Isabel neMalaita. Noma ngabe kunjani, ama-ornithologists awazange ahlangane naye ngaphandle kweChoiseul Island.

Kuncane kakhulu okwaziwayo mayelana nendlela yokuphila kwejuba laseChoiseul, ngoba ngaphezu kwabahlali bendawo, ababambe iqhaza kulolu hambo lwe-1904 babona inyoni ephilayo. Kwaphawuleka ukuthi amajuba akhetha ukuhlala ngamaqembu amancane emahlathini asezindaweni eziphakemeyo. Kwatholakala isidleke esisodwa, okuthe ngenxa yaso kwatholakala ukuthi izinyoni zazibeka iqanda elilodwa elinombala ukhilimu endaweni yokuphumula phansi. Imicikilisho yokuhlobanisa, imigomo yokufakwa emzimbeni kanye nokondla amaphuphu, neminye imininingwane eminingi ngempilo yejuba uMika ayaziwa. Ijuba elikhanyisiwe uMika uboniswa kufulegi esemthethweni yesiFunda saseChoiseul (Iziqhingi zaseSolomon Islands)

Ingwe emnandi yaseTaiwan

Wayengapheli eTaiwan, akazange ahlangane ngaphandle kwawo. Kusukela ngo-2004, inyamazane ayitholakalanga kwenye indawo. Lesi silwane sasiwuchungechunge wengwe ebhemayo. Abantu bomdabu baseTaiwan babheka izingwe zasendaweni njengemimoya yokhokho babo. Uma kukhona iqiniso enkolelweni, ukusekelwa kwe -worldworld akukho manje.

Ngethemba lokuthola izingwe zaseTaiwan, ososayensi bafaka amakhamera ayizinkulungwane eziyi-13 ezindaweni abahlala kuzo. Iminyaka emi-4, akekho noyedwa omele inhlobo owangena kuma-lens.

IsiShayina paddlefish

Kufinyelele kumamitha ayi-7 ubude. Kwezinhlanzi zasemfuleni kwakukukhulu. Imihlathi yesilwane yayibunjwe njengenkemba ejikela eceleni. Abamele lezi zinhlobo bahlangana eYangtze engenhla. Kulapho lapho ngoJanuwari 2003 babona khona i-paddlefish yokugcina. I-paddlefish yase-China yayihlobene nama-sturgeon, yayiphila impilo yokuphinga.

I-Iberian Capricorn

Umuntu wokugcina ushonile ngonyaka we-2000. Njengoba igama lisho, lesi silwane sasihlala ezintabeni zaseSpain naseFrance. Kakade kuma-80s, kwakukhona abantu abangu-14 kuphela beCapricorn. Uhlobo lwaluyinto yokuqala yokwakhiwa kabusha kusetshenziswa ama-cloning. Kodwa-ke, amakhophi abantu bemvelo asheshe afa, engenaso isikhathi sokufinyelela ekuvuthweni.

Ama-capricorns okugcina ayehlala eNtabeni iPerido. Itholakala ohlangothini lweSpain lwePyrenees. Ezinye izazi zezilwane zenqaba ukucabanga ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ziphela nya. Ingxabano ingxube yabantu basePyrenia abasele abanezinye izinhlobo ze-bex yasendaweni. Okusho ukuthi, sikhuluma ngokulahleka kobumsulwa bezakhi zofuzo hhayi ukunyamalala kwaso.

Chinese dolphin yomfula

Lezi izilwane ezimnyama zencwadi, oqapheleke ngokuqothuka ngonyaka we-2006. Iningi labantu lafa, ligxiliwe ngamanetha okudoba. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-2000s, kwase kusele amahlengethwa omfula waseShayina ayi-13. Ekupheleni kuka-2006, ososayensi baqhubeka nohambo lokuthola isibalo esisha, kepha kabatholanga silwane esisodwa.

AmaShayina ahlukaniswa kwamanye amahlengethwa omfula yi-dorsal fin efana nefulegi. Ekugcineni, lesi silwane safinyelela amasentimitha angama-160, anesisindo esisukela ku-100 kuye kuma-150 kilogramu.

Imisebenzi Yokuvikelwa Kwezinhlobo Ezisengozini

Kungekhulu le-XX kuphela, isintu saze saphetha ngokuthi ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezingavamile kungadala ukulimala okungalingani emvelweni. Kodwa-ke, imizamo yokuqala yokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane yayivame ukungaphumeleli. Ikakhulu, lokhu kwakubangelwa ukuthi izazi zezilwane bezama ukwenza izinhlobo zezilwane kabusha, njengoba zazinombili owodwa noma emibili yabantu.

Njengamanje, ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane kwenzeka kusuka ezikhathini ezi-100 kuye kwezingu-1000 ngokushesha kunezilinganiso ezihambelana nenqubo evamile yokuziphendukela kwemvelo.

UGerald Darrell waba nesandla kulolu shintsho. Waba ngumuntu wokuqala ukuguqula i-zoo ibe isikhungo sokuzalela izinhlobo zezilwane ezingandile. Ukubuyisa ubuningi bezinhlobo ezisengozini, kudingeka okungenani amabhangqa ambalwa abantu abangahlobene, izimo zokuphila nokudla okukhethiwe ngokulandelana kwezinhlobo ngakunye. Umphumela omuhle womsebenzi wokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane uyatholakala uma kunabantu abaningi ngokuphumelela kwabo zokuhlala endaweni yemvelo noma endaweni efanayo uma imvelo yemvelo ichithwa ngabantu. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane sezivele zisindisiwe.

Uma isilwane sesivele sivelakancane, kepha singakabi sengozini yokuqothulwa, kudalwa ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezigcinwe lapho.

Iziphathimandla zaseKenya naseTanzania sezibonile kakade ukuthi izivakashi ezifuna ukubona izindlovu eziphilayo nezinye izilwane endaweni yemvelo, ziletha inzuzo enkulu kakhulu kunokuthengiswa kwezikhumba zamazinyo endlovu nawebhubesi. Manje, abasebenzi bezindawo ezigcinelwe uhulumeni kungenzeka ukuthi balwa nabazingeli (amacala anjalo ayekhona) kunokuba bona uqobo bayozama ukubulala ibhubesi noma indlovu.

E-Russia, umsebenzi onjalo wenziwa ngevolumu enganele, imvelo yolondolozo ngokuvamile ayivikelekile kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingwe yaseMpumalanga Ekude ingalahleka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Isilwane esanyamalalayo asisho ukuthi kufanele siqothulwe. Kuhlale kunethuba lokuthi abantu abaningana basinde ekufeni, beqaphela ngokwengeziwe. Lapho insimu ihlalwa kakhulu yilezi zinhlobo futhi uma ithuthukiswa kancane, ithuba eliphakeme linjalo. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, kwatholakala abantu bakwaSakaha, uhlobo olwaluthathwa njengoluphele. Kepha ezimweni eziningi, ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukutholwa kohlobo lwesibili kutholwe kungu-zero.

Kukhona futhi namaphrojekthi wokuzijabulisa kofuzo wezinhlobo usebenzisa amasampula e-DNA agcinwe, kepha akukho neyodwa yawo esele yenziwe.

Isingeniso

Umbono wokwenza iNcwadi Ebomvu yezilwane nezitshalo uvele maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Futhi kakade ngonyaka we-1966 kwashicilelwa ikhophi yokuqala yokushicilelwa, okubandakanya ukuchaza izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zezilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlobo ezingama-200 zezinyoni, kanye nezitshalo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-25. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi bazamile ukudonsela ukunakekela komphakathi enkingeni yokunyamalala kwabanye abamele izitshalo nezilwane zomhlaba wethu. Kodwa-ke, ukuhamba okunjalo akuzange kusize ikakhulukazi ekuxazululeni le nkinga. Ngakho-ke, unyaka nonyaka iNcwadi Ebomvu igcwaliswa ngokuqinile ngamagama amasha ezinhlobo. Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi kunamakhasi amnyama eNcwadi Ebomvu. Izilwane nezitshalo ezisohlwini lwazo ziqothuka ngokungenakuphikiswa. Ngeshwa, ngobuningi bamacala, lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yesimo sengqondo esingenangqondo nesomuntu sokudalwa kwendalo yemvelo yethu. Incwadi Ebomvu neNnyama yezilwane namuhla ayisona isibonakaliso sokukhalela usizo kubo bonke abantu boMhlaba maqondana nesidingo sokuyeka ukusebenzisa izinsiza zemvelo ngezinhloso zabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baphatha imininingwane ngokubaluleka kwesimo sokulalelisisa izwe elihle elisizungezile, elihlalwa inani elikhulu lezidalwa ezimangalisayo neziyingqayizivele. IBlack Book yezilwane namuhla ihlanganisa isikhathi esisuka ku-1500 kuze kube namuhla. Lapho sibheka amakhasi ale ncwadi, singashaqeka lapho sithola ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi izinhlobo zezilwane eziyinkulungwane sezife ngokuphelele, singasaphathwa izitshalo. Ngeshwa, iningi labo laba yizisulu ezingabantu ngqo noma ngokungaqondile.

INcwadi emnyama yaseRussia

Izilwane ezweni lethu namuhla zimelwe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-1,500. Kodwa-ke, ukwahluka kwezinhlobo eRussia nakwamanye amazwe kwehla ngokushesha. Lokhu kungenxa yecala lomuntu. Inani elikhulu kakhulu lezinto eziphilayo selishonile eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili edlule. Ngakho-ke, sinayo neNcwadi eNtsha YaseRussia. Izilwane ezisohlwini lwamakhasi asephelile. Futhi namuhla, abamele abaningi bezilwane ezifuywayo bangabonakala ngaphandle kwezithombe ezise-encyclopedia noma, noma kunjalo, ngesimo sezilwane ezifakwe eminyuziyamu. Sikumema ukuba ujwayelane nabanye babo.

Ukuqothulwa kusuka ku-1700 kuye ku-1799

• I-Threskiornis solitarius - Inyoni engasekho yomndeni wama-ibis, isazi esiqhingini saseReunion. Esokuqala okukhulunywa ngaso senzeka emuva ku-1613, futhi ekuqaleni sasibhekwa njengesihlobene ne-Dodo. Ukuphela kokugcina kuqale ku-1705.
• IPigeon Dubois (lat.Nesoenas mayeri duboisi) - inyoni engapheli yomndeni wamajuba. Iqale ichazwe ngu-S. Dubois ngo-1674, kamuva uL. Rothschild wayiqamba igama ngemuva kokutholwa. Ukuphela kokugcina kuqale ku-1705.

I-Indian Ocean Endemic

Iziqhingi zaseMascarene Islands (iMauritius, uRodriguez neReunion) zingenye zezibonelo ezidume kakhulu zokufa kwabantu abasebenza nge-endemic fauna. Kanye ne-dodo, iziqhingi zanyamalala:

• izimfudu ezinkulu zomhlaba (izinhlobo eziningana ezivela kuhlobo I-Cylindraspis, ukubuka eduze kugcinwe eziQhingini zaseGalapagos oLwandlekazi iPacific),
• I-Threskiornis solitarius,
• ezinye ezihuquzelayo.
• Gwema amajuba apinki nezinye izinhlobo eziningi asinde ngokuyisimangaliso, ikakhulu ngenxa yemizamo kaGerald Darell (incwadi enikelwe kulokhu - kukhululwe i- “Green birds and Pink pigeons in Russian”).
• Izinhlobo ze-falcons eziqothulayo ziqothuka eReunion Falco duboisi.
• Zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zezikhova zaqothulwa Mascarenotus.
• Izinhlobo ezimbili zamajuba aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (I-Alectroenas)

Inkomo

IMarine, noma i-Steller's, inkomo, noma iklabishi - okumbilisiwe ngokulandelana kwezihlabelelo, ngezindlela eziningi kufana ne-manatee ne-dugong, kepha yayinkulu kakhulu kunabo. Imihlambi emikhulu yalezi zilwane ibhukuda iphelele emanzini, idla olwandle i-kale (kelp), yingakho lesi silwane sabizwa ngokuthi inkomo yolwandle. Inyama yakhe, ebimnandi kakhulu futhi ingenamunyu njengenhlanzi, idliwe ngenkuthalo, kangangokuba inkomo yakwaSteller yaqothulwa ngokuphelele ngeminyaka engama-30 nje, naphezu kobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele babemi. Kuliqiniso, ubufakazi obuhlukile babamatilosi abathi baqaphela izinkomo eziningana zasolwandle beza ngaphambi kweminyaka yama-1970 futhi, mhlawumbe, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isikhumba senkomo yasolwandle singabonakala emnyuziyamu wezilwane waseMos State State University.

I-Cormorant

I-Stormler's cormorant (i-cormorant ekhangayo, Phalacrocorax perspicillatus) - inyoni ephuma ekuhleleni kwe-pelican-like, umndeni we-cormorant, i-cormorant genus. I-cormorant yayingaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-70 ukuphakama, ayikwazanga ukundiza futhi ihambe njengepenguin. Inyama ye-Steller cormorant yayingaphansi kweyenyama yenkomo yolwandle. Njengoba ama-cormorants ayengazi ukuthi angandiza kanjani futhi ayengaphunyuka kuphela engozini emanzini, abantu ababedlula ngemikhumbi eyayidlula bababamba kalula, bagcwalisa umkhumbi bephila futhi babaletha ukuba bathengiswe. Endleleni, ingxenye yezinyoni yafa, ezinye zadliwa yiqembu ngokwalo, futhi kwathengiswa izinyoni ezingama-200 kuphela kwenkulungwane. Kubhekwa njengokubhujiswa maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX, kepha, ngokusho kwemibiko engaqinisekisiwe, i-cormorants yokugcina yabonwa ngo-1912.

Ezinye izibonelo

ENew Zealand - inyoni moa (iqothulwe aborigine baseMaori), eMadagascar - izinyoni zomndeni epiornisise-Falkland Islands - falkland foxE-Australia naseTasmania - wols marial, e-Choiseul Island (Solomon Islands) - ijuba elijiyile. Le nyoni yatholakala futhi yachazwa yi-English Naturalist A.S. Mick ngo-1804. Ijuba lachitha isikhathi esiningi emhlabathini, futhi lahlala ubusuku emagatsheni aphansi ezihlahla. Isizathu esikhulu sokunyamalala kwejuba (ukuqothulwa maphakathi nekhulu lama-20) kwakuyizinkukhu ezalethwa kulesi siqhingi nokuchithwa kwamahlathi ngaphansi kokutshala izihlahla zikakhukhunathi.