I-sand boa constrictor (i-Eryx miliaris) ingeyomndeni wezinyoka ezinezinyawo zamanga (uBoidae). Zonke izinyoka ezinonyawo zamanga zinobuthi, zibutha inyamazane yazo. Phakathi kwabamele lo mndeni, zombili izinyoka ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezihlala eMhlabeni - i-anaconda ne-net python, kanye nezincane, njenge-sand sand, esizoxoxa ngayo kulesi sihloko.
Incazelo ye-sand sand
Umzimba we-strangler umfishane futhi uqweqwe, unamandla, futhi awuguquguquki njengazo zonke ezinye izinyoka. Ubude bomzimba kuyaqabukela budlula ama-cm angama-60. Intamo yenyoka icishe ayivezwanga, umsila uqwebile futhi ubuthuntu ekugcineni, cishe izikhathi eziyishumi ukufushane kunomzimba. Ukusuka ngenhla, ikhanda li-concave kancane, futhi amehlo amancane abukeka ecishe phezulu mpo. Ama-stranglers athuthukise i-visor ekugcineni kwe-muzzle, kepha hhayi kangako ngezinyoka ezingaboni. Umlomo ubekwe engaphansi kwekhanda.
Abesilisa nabesifazane ngaphandle kwento ehlukile.
Isizinda esivamile sohlangothi olungaphezulu lomzimba sinemibala ehlukahlukene - ukusuka esihlabathini esikhanyayo kuya kwesimnyama onsundu. Kulesi sizinda, iphethini yezindawo ezinsundu ezinomngcele okhanyayo, enesimo esingajwayelekile, esidlulayo, esihlangana ezindaweni nabanye, zakha i-zigzags ezingalingani, sikhulunyelwa kahle. Amachashaza amnyama asabalale ezinhlangothini zomzimba. Emsileni omfishane omfishane, amabala ahlangana abe yimicu emide emide. Ekhanda, kuvezwa umucu wesikhashana omnyama, udlula esweni uye ekhoneni lomlomo.
Phakathi kwe-sand stranglers, izihlibisi zivame ukutholakala, zombili zigcwele (zibomvu ngokuphelele) futhi zinengxenye (zinendawo eyodwa).
Ahlala kuphi umdweshu?
ISand constrictor - isimeleli sesilo sezilwane zasogwadule zaseCentral Asia naseKazakhstan. E-Russia kuyaziwa e-Eastern Ciscaucasia kanye nasesifundeni iLower Volga.
Shono athole igama elithi "isihlabathi", ngoba impilo yakhe ixhumene kakhulu nesihlabathi sasogwadule. Ihlala ezindundumeni zesanti ehamba nendlwana kanye nesihlabathi esimiswe ngamanqamu, futhi kuyo yonke indawo lapho kunenhlabathi ethe xaxa noma engatheni khona. Kungethuba lokuthi itholakale kuphela emgodini ongashisi, kanye nasezindaweni ezitshaliwe ezitshaliwe. Kusatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi emathafeni, futhi kukhuphuka ngezikhathi ezithile ezintabeni, kepha kungabi ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1200 ngaphezulu kolwandle.
Umdubuli ungenye yezinyoka zasendle ezigcwele kakhulu. Kuhambo olulodwa lwamahora amabili ogwadule, ungathola izimbili zalezi ezihuqayo. Ezindaweni ezinobuningi obukhulu, ubuningi bawo bungafinyelela umuntu ngamunye ngehektha elilodwa - futhi leli liphezulu kakhulu izinyoka zasogwadule.
Ngabe umuntu ohlangana nesihlabathi uhlala kanjani emvelweni?
Umuntu okhipha inhlwathi uphila impilo ecwebezelayo esihlabathini. Isihlabathi kuye, ngombono owamkhondlakhonke wegama, ikhaya lakhe. Ungena kalula kuwo, ngokungena ngaphakathi bese uyangena, futhi kalula “ukuntanta” ekujuleni kwamasentimitha ambalwa ngaphansi komhlaba. Lapho inyoka inyoka esihlabathini, umuntu angabona ungqimba lwesakhiwana esingaphansi komhlaba lukhuphuka ngaphezu komzimba wakhe. Lapho lokhu okuhuqayo kudwebe khona, isici esiphendukelayo esibonisa isimo sabalingisi ababili esinomqondo omncane ophakathi nendawo sihlala esihlabathini.
Kwesinye isikhathi umuntu othumelayo uyama, bese enamathela ebunzini kuphela, amehlo nasemakhaleni esihlabathini, aqaphe inyamazane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibhungane lisondela eduze kweshubhu lesikhumba elibonakalayo. Ukuphonsa kwenyoka kushesha kakhulu, futhi manje isisulu sesivele sibanjwe emihlathini enamandla, kanti nomzimba wemisipha uzungeza izindandatho eziningana. Ukunyakaza okuhleliwe nokwenziwa ngombane okusheshayo kubonakala kungakholeki kulokhu okuxhamazelayo, kuhamba kancane futhi kube phlegmatic lapho uqala ukubheka. Ngaphandle kokulinda isilwane esingesihle ukuba sithule, futhi ngaphandle kokushaya izindandatho zayo ezibulalayo, umgadli uqala ukuzivumelanisa nokugwinya inyamazane, engaba yande kaningi kunekhanda lomhlaseli, futhi ukugwinya akuyona inqubo elula, ehlala imizuzu eyi-20 noma ngaphezulu. Kwesinye isikhathi inyamazane ebanjiwe inkulu kakhulu kangangokuba inyoka iyiphonsa ingabonakali.
Kodwa akuwona ama-lizons kuphela adla nge-strangler. Ukudla kwaso kuhluke kakhulu futhi kuqukethe namagundane afana negundane, izinyoni ezincane, izimfudu, izinyoka namalulwane.
Futhi ukubamba inyamazane kuqhamuke akuyona ukuphela kwendlela yokuzingela leinyoka. Umuntu okhipha izintambo ufuna inyamazane ebusweni nasesihlabathini, lapho angakhubeka khona phezu kwesibazi esigqunywe ukuphumula. Uhlola imisele, adle izilwane ezincelisayo ezidlekeni. Ebona umuntu ongaba isisulu ebusweni, avele ahlehle kuyo, khona-ke ebangeni elifushane aze aziphonse kuye, abambe imihlathi yakhe futhi amgoqe ngayo izindandatho ezibucayi, njengokuhlaselwa okuqhamuka esihlabathini.
Ehlobo, umuntu okhipha inyamazane uyasebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku, ntambama kuphephela ezindaweni zokukhosela. Ezinkathini ezingashisi - entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ushintsha indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke. Inyoka ayinazo izimbobo zayo, futhi isebenzisa izikhala ezingenalutho njengezindawo zokukhosela emagqumeni aphansi ezitshalo zasogwadule noma izimbobo zamagundane.
Ama-stranglers hibernate ekwindla sekwephuzile, futhi avuke engxenyeni yokuqala yentwasahlobo. Kusebusika emashalofini ekujuleni kuka-20-30 cm.
Imvamisa, izihlahlana zesihlabathi ngokwazo ziba yizisulu zezinye izinyoka, izibankwakazi ezinkulu (izibankwa), amakhayithi, amagwababa nezinkangala zasogwadule.
Ukubanjwa ngumuntu, i-boa constrictor ivame ukuhlikihla wonke umzimba, futhi kube sengathi kusonteka ezandleni zayo, izama ukuzikhulula. Kodwa-ke, kukhona abantu abanolaka ngokwengeziwe. Kwesinye isikhathi isidalwa esikhulu, ngokumangala, siphenduka indandatho bese sigijimisa isitha, sinamathisele amazinyo onyaweni. Uma ukwazile ukuthatha umuntu okhipha izintambo ezandleni zakhe, uzozama ukukuluma futhi kungadala ngisho nokuklabha okungathi sína ngamazinyo akhe abukhali, awugobekile emuva. Amazinyo okugoba alesi silwanyana esidlekayo ahlehliswa ukuze abambe inyamazane eqinile, ngakho-ke isiqaqa sesihlabathi kwesinye isikhathi sinamathela emzimbeni womuntu noma izingubo singakwazi ukuzikhulula, sivula umlomo sibanzi sinikine ikhanda. Umuntu obambe ongelutho, ngaphezu kwalokho, uzisongela ezandleni zakhe futhi ukulubamba kunzima kakhulu.
Ngenxa yendlela yokuphila eyimfihlo yokuphila kwabashayisibhakela, kuncane okwaziwayo ngokuziphatha kwabo komshado. Isikhathi sokuzala siqala entwasahlobo, ngemuva nje kokushiya ubusika. Engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo, insikazi izala amawundlu apilayo. Imfucumfucu imvamisa inezinyoka ezi-6 - 11, ubude bezingane ezisanda kuzalwa zingama-12- 13 cm. Zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zifinyelela ubude obungu-30 cm ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila, kuthi lapho sezikhulile iminyaka emi-4, sezifinyelele kubude bomuntu omdala, zivuthwe ngokocansi.
Lapho igcinwa ekhaya, umgadli wesihlabathi, njengabanye abamele uhlobo loshintsho, uhlangana ngokushesha, usetshenziswa izandla futhi udla amagundane ngokuzithandela. I-terrarium yesilwane esinjalo kufanele ibe yohlobo oluvundlile, enobukhulu okungenani abangama-60x40x30 cm. Kufanele kube khona ungqimba lwesihlabathi endaweni ehlala i-reptile ehlala okungenani u-10 cm cm ukuze isilwane sikwazi ukungena ngaphakathi kuso ngaphandle kokuvinjwa.
Amazinga okushisa atholakala endaweni yezilwane ezihuquzelayo angama-25- 35 ° C phakathi nosuku futhi aphansi kakhulu ebusuku ngo-20- 22 ° C. Isibani esishisayo nesibani se-ultraviolet ziyadingeka. Umswakama ugcinwa emazingeni angama-50%, kuyilapho igumbi lomswakama noma uhlelo lomswakama lomhlabathi kumele lunikezwe ethafeni ukuze umoya owomile ungabangeli ubunzima ngesikhathi sokuncibilika. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukubeka ophuzayo.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-boa yesihlabathi ingaphila iminyaka engama-20.
Isazi Esibulalayo: Indlela Abaphuluki Benyoka Abasinda Ngayo
Umsebenzi othokozisayo weZmeelov uhlukile ngoba abamele lo msebenzi baveza amakhono abo kuphela ekusebenzeni, bebeka izimpilo zabo engcupheni nsuku zonke. Ngisho nabazingeli bezinyoka abanolwazi abakwazi ukubikezela ukuthi umhlangano wabo olandelayo ne-reptile enobuthi uzophela kanjani.
Emhlabeni wanamuhla, izinyoka zangempela (isigaba se-zoology esifundisisa izinyoka. - Approx. Vokrugveta.ru) sehla sesiya ngokuya sincipha. Intsha ayifisi kulo msebenzi, ngoba ukuqeqesha kudinga umzamo omkhulu, kuhlotshaniswa nokuhamba njalo nobungozi, futhi akuqinisekisi inzuzo. Kunombono wokuthi akunakwenzeka ukufunda ukuthi inyoka inganjani, ngakho-ke "abaculi benyoka" baba ngamakhosi, bafunda kokuhlangenwe nakho kozakwabo abadala nabanolwazi oluningi. Noma kunjalo, umuntu onquma ukuhlanganisa impilo yakhe nomsebenzi onjalo kudingeka ukuthi aqonde ubuthi kanye nemijovo yokuziphilisa kanye nemikhuba yezinyoka nezimpawu zazo ezihambisana nendawo. Futhi, abadla izinyoka akufanele bahlupheke ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba, ngoba kulokhu ngeke kube njalo ukubikezela indlela okuzovela ngayo kumelana nomuthi.
Futhi nokho, ayikho inyuvesi ezofundisa ubugqwetha nokusabela okudingekayo, ngoba konke ukuluma kungaholela ekufeni. Isibonelo, igramu yento eyomisiwe yama-cobra aseNdiya ingabulala izinja ezingaphezu kwekhulu futhi ibulale abantu uma bengayitholi i-antidote kungakapheli ihora. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-cobras angafafaza ubuthi emehlweni. Futhi ubuthi bezinhlobo ezithile zezinyoka ezivela eSouth America zibangela i-necrosis enzima, okuholela ku-necrosis futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukulahleka kwezitho emahoreni ambalwa. Konke lokhu kuphoqa ababambi bezinyoka ukuthi bangaphinde balahle ukuqaphela futhi ukubala ngokunembile isikhathi lapho kudingeka ukukhipha ukuphonsa kwenyoka okusheshayo kombani.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe abaningi ngokwabo bajova ubuthi benyoka, kancane kancane bandisa umthamo wokuzivikela ezifweni. Ngokusho kwabanye osolwazi bezinyoka, le yinqubo ebuhlungu kakhulu, kepha iyadingeka. Ngakho-ke, isazi se-snarianum yaseSiberia, u-Alexander Pisarev, engxoxweni wavuma ukuthi lobu buhlungu obuvela enoshefini waleli nyoka bunamandla kangangokuba bekungathi isandla sibilisiwe amahora amaningi.
Omunye isazi sezinyoka, uMelika uBill Haast, waziwa ukuthi useGuinness Book of Records njengomuntu owasinda ngokulunywa yizinyoka ezinobuthi ezingama-172. Isigameko esisodwa saso siholele ekutheni i-Haast ilahlekelwe yiminwe eminingana, kwathi ukulunywa yikhokho waseNdiya kucishe kwafa usosayensi.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi uHaast uqobo wayehlaselwa ngokwengxenye ngokungena kwiNcwadi yamaRekhodi, ngoba wayekholelwa ukuthi isibalo sokuluma sisehlulekile ochwepheshe, okungafanele aziqhenye ngaso.
Abazingeli bezinyoka banamuhla bafunda izinyoka futhi bazibambe ukuthi zithengiswe noma nge-oda lezinhlanzi. Umgomo oyinhloko womsebenzi oyingozi onjalo ukuthola ubuthi obusetshenziswa ngenkuthalo kwezokwelapha. Igremu elilodwa lobuhlungu benyoka libiza kaningana kunegram yegolide. Futhi, imikhiqizo yesikhumba senyoka isabaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, kepha umthetho wamazwe omhlaba uvimba lolu hlobo lokuhweba ngenxa yokusabisa ngokuzingela. Kulokhu, umsebenzi weZmeelov ukubamba abaphilayo be-scaly.
Imishini yokuzingela inyoka ilula impela - induku enegwegwe ekugcineni futhi isikhwama siqiniswe ngamapuleti akhethekile avela ngaphakathi ukuze inyoka ingakwazi ukuluma ngendwangu. I-Forceps nayo ingasetjenziswa - amaforikhi akhethekileko wokubamba inyoka. Ama-Serpentologists ajwayele ukusebenza emabhuthini we-tarpaulin, amanye asebenzisa amagilavu enjoloba. Iqiniso ukuthi ukuze kufakwe ubuthi, inyoka idinga ukuluma esikhunjeni futhi iqinise imihlathi yayo, futhi njengoba izinhlobo eziningi zingakwazi ukuluma ngenjoloba, ingcindezi edingekayo emafungwini ayiveli, futhi ubuthi obalulekile kumzingeli abuqedi.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, umzingeli wenyoka kufanele abambe isilwanyana esihuquzelayo, acindezele ikhanda lakhe ngenduku noma ngenduku, bese ecindezela ikhanda lenyoka ngaphansi nje komlomo futhi anqume ubuthi obuvela emafutheni ukuba buwushiye ekhethekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, inyoka iyadedelwa noma idluliselwe kwi-birdarium, lapho ubuthi buhlaziywa kamuva emavikini amabili. Inqubo yesinqumo ayiyona ingozi kangako ekuzingeleni ngokwayo, ngoba inyoka ingaqhuma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi futhi ibangele ukuluma okubulalayo.
Emithini yesimanje, ukukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa kusebenzisa ikakhulu ubuthi be-cobra, giurza kanye ne-viper. Ikakhulu, izikhungo eziningi zenyoka zinempahla yemisipha yokuphumula futhi isetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-painkillers. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ubuthi bezinhlobo zezinyoka ezingandile bufuneka kakhulu ezweni lobugebengu, ngoba bushiya bungatholakali.
Kungabonakala ukuthi ababambi bezinyoka basebenza ezindaweni zasendle kuphela lapho kudingeka khona izinhlobo ezibalulekile zenyoka, kodwa abahlali emadolobheni amakhulu bavame ukudinga usizo lwabo. Kunezimo ezivame lapho kutholakala izirhubuluzi eziyingozi ezakhiweni zokuhlala. Mhlawumbe ophethe amarekhodi ngenani lamacala anjalo yi-Australia: ngenxa yobuningi bezinyoka ezweni, izakhamuzi zendawo zihlala ziphendukela izinsizakalo ezikhethekile zokuthola usizo.
Ukwenza isibonelo, ngonyaka ka-2016, u-Jared Smith wase-Australia uthole isidumbu esingamamitha amabili ubhasikidi obhasikidi onama-cornflake lapho esezodla isidlo sasekuseni. Le ndoda ibize lo msebenzi wokuvikela izilwane zasendle, kanti umnikazi wenyoka ofikayo wachaza ukuthi i-reptile kungenzeka ukuthi yakhwela wangena kubhasikidi ukuze izizwe iphephile. Uchwepheshe wengeze wathi akakholelwa ekutheni i-python ingangena kanjani kubhasikidi oluncane kangako.
Indaba engaziwa ngisho neyesabisayo yenzeke nomdabu wase-Australia uHelen Richars. Owesifazane ungene egumbini lokuphumula wahlaselwa yithimba elicashe endlini yangasese. Uchwepheshe, obefika ezobamba le nyoka, uchaze ukuthi ngesikhathi esishisayo, izinyoka zivame ukukhamba zingene ezindlini zokugezela zifuna ukuphola.
Izivakashi ezingamenyiwe zivame ukubhekana nezakhamizi zaseMelika. Ngakho-ke, ngesinye isikhathi eTexas, indoda eyayinqume ukulungisa ikhebula lethelevishini yakhubeka phezu kwembumbulu eyayisesitezi sayo esingaphansi kwayo. Kepha wethuka lapho iqembu lezilwane ezihuquzelayo libamba izimbotshana ezingama-45 egumbini lakhe elingaphansi, okwenza isidleke egumbini elifudumele.
Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi weZmeelov awuhlotshaniswa nezinhloso zesayensi kuphela, kepha futhi nokusindiswa kwabantu, futhi usafunwa umhlaba wonke jikelele.
Ingxenye 1. Isihlabathi esiphikisana nabo endle.
Izinhlobo: Eryx miliaris, sand sand, ngesiNgisi Russian sand boa - Russian sand boa.
Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala. Ungahlangana nomphathi wesihlabathi esimaphakathi nase-Asia Ephakathi, e-Iran, e-Afghanistan. E-Russia, lezi zinyoka zitholakala eCiscaucasia naseKalmykia. Bahlala enhlabathini enesihlabathi nobumba olunesihlabathi sogwadule nakuma-desertert. Imvamisa, ama-stranglers atholakala emiseleni esele yama-gerbil, kanye nasezivandeni nasezivinini.
Incazelo nendlela yokuphila. Ubude be-strangler endala ngamasentimitha angama-35-70, kukhona amasampula afinyelela kuma-80 cm. Ikhanda elithambile liyadlula lingene emzimbeni. Umsila umfushane futhi uqwabile. Le nyoka ayinobuthi, ukulunywa kufana nenaliti ebukhali, ayimnandi, kepha hhayi neze eyethusayo (ngilunywe).
Umbala ojwayelekile wesihlabathi esihlephukayo uboniswa esithombeni.
Omunye wabaphathi bami
Ezindaweni ezisentshonalanga nasenyakatho yebanga, kukhona ama-melanist constorateors (umbala omnyama).
Umfaniswano we-sand sand strangler - i-Eryx miliaris nogaiorum
Bahlala bodwa. I-comporateor yesihlabathi ivumelana ngokuphelele nendlela yokuphila yokumba. Emini, inyoka iyacasha elangeni elinukayo, ihamba ekujuleni kwesihlabathi noma iphumule emashalofini. Ohlebayo uthanda ukunamathela ekhanda phezu kobuso bomhlaba futhi aqamekele, aqaphe inyamazane. Kwesinye isikhathi inyoka ithola izimbobo ezingaziwa lapho ingajatshulelwa ngabaqashi bayo.
Izitha zemvelo zabahlanganisi ziyizinyoni ezidla inyama, ama-hedgehogs kanye nokuqapha izinyosi.
Ekwindla sekwephuzile bawela ekubandakanyeni, bavuke engxenyeni yokuqala yentwasahlobo.
Ngabe udlani umuntu onesihlabathi? Ukudla kwama-stranglers emvelweni kwenziwa ngama-lizons (ama-geckos namakhanda ayindilinga), izinduku (hamsters, gerbils, jerboas) nezinyoni (ezincane: undlunkulu kanye nezinqola). Njengoba kufanelana ne-boa e-computoror yangempela, inyoka ye-boya yesihlabathi ibamba inyamazane ngokuyisongela emasongweni ama-2-3, ngemuva kokuklabhuka iminza isisulu sonke.
Ukuzala. Ukuhluma kwenzeka ngemuva kokuvinjwa kwemithi; ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-100. Izinkukhu ziyi-ovoviviparous, ngoJulayi-Agasti zizala izinyoka ezi-4-15, cishe amasentimitha ayishumi nambili. Ukuthomba kuza sekwephuzile - ngokusho kwemibiko, eminyakeni emi-4.
Ama-sand constriersors angayikhetha kakhulu imali yokuqala iziqalo. Kulula ukuyigcina ingekho, futhi iyinqaba ukuyinakekela, futhi umuntu angasho ukuthi, inobungane.
Hlangana: ama-strangers ami anesihlabathi - iMiti neKuikynnyaku. Ibizwa ngamaqhawe ezinsumansumane zeChukchi.
Yiliphi ithala elidingekayo e-sand sand? Amasayizi anconywayo wethalaji ayimasentimitha angama-60 * 40 * 30. Ama-stranglers ami ayehlala kahle e-terrarium 50 * 30 * 30 cm, futhi lesi sikhala sasanele ngaphezu kwawo.Manje bahlala isikhashana esitsheni sepulasitiki (20 * 30 * 13 cm), belahlekelwa yi-terrarium yabo ku-acanthosaurus. Sebehlale kule ndlu yesikhashana izinyanga ezimbalwa, akukho zikhalazo ezitholakele. Kuliqiniso, kusafanele akhule futhi akhule, kepha, ubukhulu becala, ngobukhulu.
Izibambo neminyango ye-terrarium kufanele ivalwe kahle, izinyoka zingaphakamisa izikhala futhi lo ngumphumela omuhle.
Ukuhlelwa kwethrastiyuli kwabadlali bezintambo.
Ngokuya ngezincomo ezijwayelekile, isihlabathi esihle kufanele sitshulwe ngaphansi kwethala, lapho i-sphagnum eyomile ingahlanganiswa khona. Ukuqina kwenhlabathi kunconywa ngamasentimitha amahlanu.
I-terrarium yami ifakwe okuhlukile. Ekhoneni kunesitsha sepulasitiki ngaphandle kwesivalo (cishe 20 * 15 cm), lapho kuthululelwa khona isihlabathi esingaba ngu-4 cm. Yonke enye phansi yaphansi ye-terrarium embozwe ungqimba noma owomile wamakholoni owomile, ukuphakama okungu-3-4 cm. Izithwali at kuyokwenza rummage kwelinye, ke komunye umhlabathi, kaningi kakhukhunathi. Ukugeza kwesihlabathi kwesinye isikhathi kumanzi, kulula ukuthi ama-boas athulule esihlabathini esimanzi. Kimi, inzuzo eyinhloko yokusebenzisa umhlabathi kakhukhunathi ukuthi kulula ukukhipha izinyoka kuyo. Ukuthi ukumba umgodi esihlabathini kungumsebenzi, futhi akukho zinkinga nge-coconut substrate.
Ama-stranglers ami ahlala kahle kumakhokhethi kakhukhunathi
Yize lezi zinyoka zidonsa kakhulu, bebonga kakhulu umgibe ocishe ube ophahleni lwethrafti. Manje ungabona kaningi umuntu othambayo, ehleli noma ekhasa esigodini ngokubukeka okuziqhenyayo, njengohlobo oluthile lwenyoka yesihlahla.
Futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngikhula upelepele kudoti yabo
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintambo ezihamba ngezinyawo zivame ukukhuphuka zibheke phezulu, zincike ekhoneni le-terra bese zimi kusentimitha yokugcina yomsila.
Musa ukubeka izinto lapho kukhona izimbobo ezinobukhulu obunjengenyoka yakho! Babambeka kubo.
Isitsha sokuphuza asidingekile, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ungasibeka. Imayini inesitsha esincane samanzi, kwesinye isikhathi siyoma. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa emva kwalokho, ngibuye ngithele amanzi lapho. Ngesinye isikhathi ungabona umuntu obhukudayo.
Umswakama e-terrarium uphansi. Izinga lokushisa kufanele ligcinwe ku-25-30 ° C phakathi nosuku, ebusuku ungaphansi. Kungcono ukudala i-gradient yokushisa - ngaphansi kwesibani esingu-35-38 ° C, ekhoneni elikude le-terrarium - cishe ngo-25 ° C.
Ungayondla kanjani i-sand strangler?
Ngondla izicubu zomzimba bukhoma ezifana “nqunu” kanye “neslayidi”. Ekuqaleni, ama-boasters asemncane kakhulu ayedla kuphela abesifazane abanqunu, futhi nangaleso sikhathi sazama ukukhetha amancane. Ngezindlela ezithile asisebenzanga ngamagundane afile, yize ngokuvamile, abahamba ngezinyawo kufanele bawadle ngokujwayelekile (uma uzifudumeza kancane). Basho ukuthi othile uphethe i-boa endala ukuze ondle umvimba ofudumele (kanti i-boa yamklinya kuqala).
Omunye wabaphathi bami kwinqubo yokondleka
Ama-striderrs amadala adla ama-rat pups, amagundane nezinkukhu.
Izingwe kungenzeka zingadli isikhathi eside. Imvamisa, sinika eyethu igundane eli-1 emasontweni amabili. Uma sihamba isikhathi eside, ngokuzithoba abadli inyanga nenyanga. Elula :) Ngezinye izikhathi enye yezinyoka iyenqaba ukudla, ezimweni ezinjalo, njengomthetho, inyoka yesibili "isiza" umngane.
Kungcono ukungondli imicu yakho yesihlabathi ukuze iphunga lakho lingahambisani nephunga lokudla. Uma uvame ukuthatha ama-boas ezandleni zakho, akujwayela futhi ajabule, ezwa imfudumalo yakho.
Ukuzalela isihlabathi abahlanganisi.
Lapho izinyoka sezivuthwa ngokocansi (ngombono, eminyakeni emi-4) zidinga ukuchitha ubusika. Ukuze benze lokhu, bayayeka ukondla bese behlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-10 ° C. Ngaphambi kobusika, izinyoka zondliwa masonto onke inyanga yonke (kungakuhle ukuthi ugcine izinga lokushisa lisondele ku-30 ° C. Emavikini amabili emva kokondla kokugcina, wehlisa izinga lokushisa. Ngomqondo, ubusika kufanele bube izinyanga ezintathu, yize kubukeka kimi ukuthi le nkathi ingancishiswa. Entwasahlobo, izinga lokushisa ku-terrarium kancane kancane iba yinto evamile .. Ngemuva kokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa ngesonto, izinyoka ezimbili zingaqala ukuzondla ngamagundane amancane (owokuqala amahlandla ama-3-4 ngeviki) Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abesilisa (futhi kwesinye isikhathi abesimame) bangaqala ukudla ngemuva kokuzala. Izinyoka ze-Ania kungcono ukuthi zingazihluphi, zinamahloni :) Ngesikhathi sokuphola, owesilisa ukhasa phezu kwethrafikhi kowesifazane futhi uvame "ukuzama" ulimi lomoya - imizamo yokuthola ukuzimisela ukuhlanganyela kuma-pheromones atholwe yiwo.
Eminyakeni embalwa nje, ama-boas ami azoqala ukuzala.
Emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokuzalela, kwenzeka i-ovulation. Yebo, angizange nginephutha: ngemuva kokuzalela, isidoda sigcinwa emzimbeni wesifazane kuze kube umzuzu wokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, emva kwalokho amaqanda avundiswe ngokuqondile. Ukuvezwa kwezintambo kubonakala kahle: phakathi komzimba wesifazane kukhona ukuqina (ngokubonakalayo phakathi nezinsuku ezi-1-2), kungathi udla igundane ngosayizi omuhle ngokufanele. Uma i-ovulation ingakaze ibonwe amasonto amathathu, kunengqondo ukuhlela insikazi elinye “usuku”.
Izinsikazi ezikhulelwe zidinga ukugcinwa cishe ngo-35 ° C. Kungcono ukudala i-gradient kusuka ku-40 ° C kuya ku-25 ° C.
Uma konke kuhambe kahle, engxenyeni yesibili yama-stranglers amancane ehlobo ayazalwa. Amancanyana avela emgobeni weqanda, lapho wona uqobo akhethwa ngokuphephile ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa (ngaphambi kokuncelisa i-yolk). Ngemuva kokuthi inyoka ezisanda kuzalwa ziqale ukukhasa, kufanele zitshalwe endaweni ehlukile ene-substrate enomswakama (ngemuva kwe-molt yokuqala kuzobe sekunokwenzeka ukuqhubeka ngomhlabathi owomile). Yondla amagundane amancane kunazo zonke, ungazama ukunikela ngekhilikithi noma iqhude.
Ukuzimisela ngocansi. Ubulili be-sand sand bunganqunywa kusetshenziswa itafula elingezansi.
Ithebula kusuka kusithangami http://myreptile.ru/
Ngizobhala nakanjani ngesipiliyoni sami ngokuzalanisa ama-stranglers lapho uMitya wami noKuikynnyaku bekhula futhi bazale izingane.
Uma unemibuzo - bhala kumazwana, ngizozama ukuphendula.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Photo: Sand Choke
Isizinda sezilwane ezihuquzelayo savela kwizibungu. Iqembu libonisa kahle, okusho ukuthi, zonke izinyoka zesimanje zinokhokho bazo abahlukile. Phakathi kwezikhala, zisondelene ne-iguanoid ne-spindle-shape, bese ningena naleso naleso esisodwa ku-clutch efanayo yeToofofera.
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ama-mosasaurs aqothulayo, ayeyiqoqo lezinyoka, ayengawomcebo ofanayo, okungukuthi, ayenokhokho ababekhulumela bona kuphela. Ukutholwa kwezinto zakudala kakhulu zezinyoka kungokwesikhathi esiphakathi nenkathi yeJurassic, zineminyaka engaba yizigidi eziyi-165-170. Ekuqaleni, kwakukhona izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezinyoka emhlabeni wethu, lokhu kufakazelwa ukutholakala okukhulu kokutholakele kwabo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izilwane zaleso sikhathi. Okuphawulekile ukuthi iningi labo laba kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi elandelayo - amaCretaceous.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu
Isithombe: Kubukeka sengathi yisihlabathi
Abesilisa bayakhula bafinyelele ku-60 cm, kuthi abesifazane babe ngokweqiniso - bafinyelele kuma-80 cm. Inyoka inekhanda elicashile futhi umzimba wayo uthambile kancane, kanti nomsila umfushane, unemaphethelo omfushane. Umuntu okhipha intambo ubukeka “njengondlekile kahle” ngenxa yokuthi, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinyoka eziningi, isilinganiso sobubanzi bomzimba ubude buthanda kakhulu ububanzi.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kuguga kakhulu futhi kuyashesha, ikakhulukazi lapho ubukhulu besihlabathi, lapho luhamba khona njengenhlanzi emanzini, futhi ngomqondo ongokoqobo - izakhiwo zesihlabathi zifana kakhulu namanzi. Kunzima kakhulu ukubamba umuntu odonsa intambo ebanjwa into ayithandayo, futhi ngisho nasendaweni ejwayelekile uhamba ngokuzethemba nangekushesha.
Umbala awukhanyi, kusuka kokukhanya kuya kokwenza onsundu ngombala ophuzi ophuzi, kukhona imivimbo e-brown kanye namabala, kanye namachashazi. Imisipha engxenye inezindawo ezikhanyayo emizimbeni yabo; imiculo ephelele inamabala ansomi amnyama, ngisho namnyama. Amehlo avele ngokushesha: asengxenyeni engenhla yekhanda futhi ahlala ebheka phezulu. Ukubekwa okunjalo kusiza umhlanganisi we-boa ukuqaphela ukuhlaselwa kwezinyoni ngesikhathi, futhi lezi yizitha zayo eziphambili. Umbungu wenyoka umnyama, i-amber is iris.
Umlomo utholakala ngezansi futhi ugcwele amazinyo amancane - ukulunywa yi-strangler kuyinto ebucayi, kepha akuyona ingozi kumuntu, ngoba akakwazi ukuluma ujule ngaphakathi kwezicubu futhi akunabo ubuthi emazinyweni akhe. Ungaqhathanisa ukuluma nesihlakala ngenaliti.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Ngaphandle kosayizi wayo omncane, umgadli wesihlabathi, lapho ezama ukuyicosha, ukhombisa ulaka: izama ukuluma, kanti ekuqaleni kunzima ukugwema ukuluma kwakhe, ingazisonga ngengalo. Ehlangene nezilwane zasendle, angaphinde ahlasele futhi azame ukuluma umlenze womuntu - udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi ayinabungozi futhi ayinangozi.
Lapho kuhlala khona isihlabathi se-boa
Isithombe: I-Arab Sand Choker
Inyoka ihlala ezikhaleni ezinkulu e-Eurasia.
Uhla lwayo lubandakanya:
E-Russia, itholakala ikakhulukazi ezifundeni eziningana - iDagestan, Kalmykia, esifundeni i-Astrakhan. Akuvamile ukutholakala ezindaweni eziseduze kwazo. Ngobuningi obukhulu bungatholakala empumalanga, emazweni ase-Central Asia republic.
Isimo sezulu esomile somhlaba wonke saseCentral Asia siyilungele kunazo zonke isikebhe, ngoba ibizwa ngokuthi yisihlabathi ngesizathu, kepha uthando lwesihlabathi. Izindawo eziyindawo ahlala kuyo: izihlabathi ezingamaselula nezisungulwe, uthanda inhlabathi evulekile nekhululekile. Ngoba emhlabeni ojwayelekile akuvamile, futhi eduze nesihlabathi kuphela.
Noma kunjalo, kwesinye isikhathi ama-strikingrs angadonsela kude kakhulu nasekhaya, futhi azithola esezivandeni noma ezivinini efuna ukudla. Zikhetha indawo eyisicaba, akuvamile ukutholakala ezintabeni, futhi ngokuvamile azidluli amamitha ayi-1,200. Ogwadule, ebangeni laso, i-strangler ivame kakhulu, ngehora ungahlangana nabantu abaningana, futhi hhayi eqenjini, kodwa ngokwahlukana. Uhlala kahle esihlabathini, ungena esihlabathini esihambayo futhi ubonakala sengathi uyantanta kuso. Ngasikhathi sinye, umzimba wakhe wonke ungcwatshwa futhi umqhele kuphela unamehlo akhe uhlala ngaphandle, ngakho-ke kunzima kwabamelene naye ukumbona.
Lapho egcinwe ekudingisweni, udinga i-terrarium enezingqimba enesendlalelo sesihlabathi esingama-20-30 cm.Uthanda ukushisa, ngakho-ke udinga izinga lokushisa lasemini elingaba ngu-30 ° C kanye nobusuku bokushisa obungu-20 ° C, izinga lomswakama liphansi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, isitsha sokuphuza kanye igumbi lomswakama.
Manje usuyazi ukuthi ihlala nini isihlabathi. Masibone ukuthi udlani.
Okudla i-constituteor yesihlabathi
Photo: Desert Sand Choke
Yize le nyoka incane kepha idla izitha, ingaphanga:
Ukhetha ukuhlasela engalindele, esebenzisa ithuba lokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuqaphela lapho ecishe wangcwatshwa ngokuphelele esihlabathini. Eqa inyamazane, ibamba imihlathi yayo ukuze ingabaleki, izisongele izindandatho eziningana bese iyigoqa, bese iyigwinya ngokuphelele - kulokhu, isihlabathi se-boa sisebenza njenge-boa ejwayelekile. Izinyoka ezindala kuphela ezingabamba inyamazane enkulu, ezincane futhi ezisakhula zidla ikakhulukazi izinambuzane, kanye nezinye ezisencane - amabhungu angaphansi komhlaba, izimfudu ezincane, namachwane. Ama-stranglers avame ukonakalisa izidleke zezinyoni, kepha uma ebanjwa ngabazali kulo msebenzi, khona-ke angabingelelwa.
Yize amarobhothi ngokwawo angabamba izinyoni ezincane, ngokwesibonelo, izinqola. Kwesinye isikhathi babukela izinyoni ezincane, ezisafunda indiza nje, futhi zisebenzisa ithuba lazo lokungazethembi, zibambe futhi zihudule nazo. Lapho zigcinwa ekuthunjweni, abahamba ngezinyawo abasha bondliwa izinkukhu eziphilayo noma amagundane agijimayo, futhi abantu abadala bangondliwa abakhulu. Amagundane afile adinga ukufudunyezwa, futhi ngakho-ke hhayi zonke izinyoka zizowadla - amakhethini nawo ayatholakala. Yize abanye bengadla ngisho isoseji, kungcono ukungazihloli - kungenza umuntu odonsa umoya uzizwe kabi.
Igundane elilodwa lenele inyoka endala kumaviki amabili, futhi uma kunesidingo, ingabulawa yindlala inyanga eyodwa nesigamu - emva kwalokho kuzodingeka kuphela ukuyondla kakhulu, lokhu ngeke kuphazamise impilo yesilwane.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Uma uvame ukuthatha inyoka ezandleni zakho, izokujwayela iphunga futhi izolulama kakhudlwana ngomnikazi wayo, mhlawumbe ngeke ilume ngisho. Kepha akufanele umondle ngezandla zakhe - uthando lwayo ngeke lukulukhulisa, esikhundleni salokho iphunga lomnikazi lizoqala ukuhambisana nokudla, ngakho-ke ubungozi bokulunywa luzokwanda kuphela.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-Arabian Sand Choke
Bahlala bodwa. Izinsuku, zingalala endaweni yokukhosela enomthunzi, noma zingaphansi kwesihlabathi ukuze zivikeleke elangeni elihangayo. Lapho kungashisi kangako, bayakwazi ukuzingela, ehlobo bakwenza kusihlwa noma ebusuku. Bachitha isikhathi esiningi ngemuva kwalomsebenzi, ngoba ikakhulukazi ekuzingeleni balala ngaphansi kwesihlabathi.
Ngaphandle, ingxenye encane kuphela yekhanda enamehlo asele, ukuze bakwazi ukubhekisisa indawo. Njengoba amakhanda abo akha i-tubercle, kungekudala idonsela ukunaka kothile futhi, uma kungukuphanga, lowo ohlehlayo ulinda ngesineke aze asondele ukuze amphonse, kepha akwanele ukumhlola, nokuhlasela.
Ugijimela phambili ngokushesha okukhulu nangokudelela, yize noma umzuzwana nje edlule kungenzeka ukuthi ubonakale uzolile kakhulu futhi engenakho ukunyakaza okungazelelwe okunjalo. Uma isilwane esikhulu siba nesithakazelo ku-const constoror, ngokushesha ucasha ngaphansi kwesihlabathi abaleke. Ngaphezu kokuxwatshwa, umgobeli we-boa angahlola indawo yakhe lapho efuna izimbambo zezilwane ezihlala kuwo. Uma ebathola, khona-ke akahambi emikhosini nabakhileyo noma inzalo yabo, futhi enze umonakalo - ngemuva kokuhlasela okukodwa, inyoka inganele inyanga nesigamu ngaphambi kwayo.
Imvamisa iqhubekela ngqo ngaphansi kwengqimba yesihlabathi, ngakho-ke inyoka ngokwayo ayibonakali, esikhundleni salokho kubonakala sengathi isihlabathi sikhuphuka kancane kube ngathi ngokwaso - lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu ongahlekayo ukhamba ngokujula okuncane. Umkhondo uhlala ngemuva kwawo: imivimbo emibili, njengezindunduma ezincane, naphakathi kwazo ukucindezelwa. Ekwindla, lapho kubanda kakhulu, kutholakala indawo yokukhosela nokucasha. Ingahlala izinyanga eziyi-6 ibe ivuka ngemuva kokushisa ngokwanele. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Ama-Shelter, lokho okwenzelwe ukucasha umoya, ukuthi ngokuphumula phakathi nosuku, abazakhela bona, bangasebenzisa izikhala ezingenalutho eduze kwezimpande noma izimbobo zabanye abantu.
Lapho ugcinwa e-terrarium, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-stranglers esihlabathi awashadile, futhi ungazixazululi abantu abaningana noma ngabe abobulili obuhlukile. Ungahlala izinyoka ezimbili ndawonye ngenkathi yokuzala, isikhathi esisele sonke ngeke zivumelane.
Kuhamba esihlabathini
Uhlobo lwe-constrictors luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziyi-9 noma eziyi-10 zezinyoka ezincane ezi-ovoviviparous ezihlala ezindaweni eziwugwadule. Zonke zijwayele noma zivumelaniswe nendlela yokuphila yokumba: zinamehlo amancane nenhloko encane embozwe izihlangu. Ngokubukeka, kulula ukuhlukanisa izingqimba kwezinye izinyoka ngomsila omfishane omfishane. Okunye okubonakalayo ukubopha okungatheni kwesisu, okuhlanganisa cishe ingxenye yesithathu yomzimba wesisu.
ISand constrictor ingenye yezinhlobo ezimbili zalolu hlobo ezihlala eKazakhstan. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusakazeke ogwadule baseNyakatho Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia, Eastern Ciscaucasia nengxenye eseningizimu yeLower Volga. Ukhetha izihlabathi ezinama-hilly kanye nama-sandy sandy, uma kutholakala ukuthi awutholakali kakhulu kumathekisi nakwizinyumba ezinobumba obukhulu kanye nenhlabathi enobumba. Imvamisa lezi zinyoka zihlala emikhondlwini yamagundane, ikakhulukazi ama-gerbils amakhulu nasemini.
Umuntu osebenzisa ubuhlakani uyakwazi ukuzingcwaba ngokushesha esihlabathini esikhululekile kuqala bese “ebhukuda” kuso ngasese, eshiya uphawu lwesimo somgobolondo wesihlabathi senyoka endaweni yokuntywila. Amehlo abekwe phezulu ekhanda avumela isidalwa esigqitshiwe ukuba sihlole umhlaba, ngenkathi singabonakali kulabo abangaba izisulu kanye nezitha. Ukuma okungathi shu kwamakhaleni kuvimbela isihlabathi ukungena kuwo.
HUNTER HUNTER
Entwasahlobo nasekwindla, umuntu othumelayo uyazingela emini, futhi ehlobo uyasebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, inyoka ingahlola, ibambe kancane, imisele yemigqa endaweni yayo, noma iqhubeke inyathela inyamazane, igoqe esihlabathini futhi ibeke ngaphezulu kwekhanda kuphela ngamehlo nangamakhala.
Lapho nje isisulu sesingatholakali, umphathi we-boa uyayibamba ngemihlathi yayo eqinile enamazinyo amancane agobile emuva. Ungathi “ushunqisa” usayizi wesihlabathi, bese ngokushesha uvala inyamazane ngamasongo amabili noma amathathu omzimba onamandla. Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo ethandwayo, ama-boas (nama-boas) awalokothi aphule amathambo abahlukumezekile.Bamane banciphise isifuba sakhe kuze kuphele ukuphefumula, okubangela ukufa. Ngemuva kwalokho ama-boa constrictors, njengazo zonke izinyoka, aginya isisulu sonke, kusukela ekhanda. Zibanjwa izinyamazane ezincane, izinduku nama-passerine amancane.
EKalmykia nasezindaweni eziphansi zoMfula i-Embo (iNtshonalanga Kazakhstan), kukhona iziqaqa zesihlabathi - izimbotshana.
Naphezu kwendlela yokuphila yokufihla izinto, abahambahamba ngokwabo bavame ukuba izisulu zabazingeli, izilwane ezincelisayo kanye nezinyoni. I-Central Asia cobra kanye ne-greyra ye-greyra eyi-grey futhi ayilahlekelwa ithuba lokudla le nyoka yokuzilibazisa.
Ngemuva nje kokushiya ubusika, abashadikazi bezintambo bayashada. NgoJulayi-Agasti, insikazi evundisiwe izala ama-4 kuya ku-15 ama-cubic cm angama-12-15 cm, ngokuya ngosayizi wayo. Izinyoka ezincane zidla izinambuzane nezinyosi zamazinyane. Zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ngonyaka wesine wokuphila, zifinyelela kubude obungaba ngu-40 cm, zivuthwa ngokocansi.
UKUGUQUKAZA KAKHULU
"Ukwelapha kwezifo eziyi-1001" - izikhangiso ezinjalo zisabonakala emakethe kwamanye amadolobha eSouthern Kazakhstan nase-Uzbekistan kubahwebi abathengisa ama-stranglers bukhoma. Inganekwane yezimpawu ezimangalisayo zokuphulukiswa kwenyama yalezi zinyoka minyaka yonke zibiza izimpilo zamakhulu ezinkulungwane ezihuquzelayo ezingenakuvikeleka. Futhi usosayensi wasePheresiya, isazi sefilosofi nodokotela u-Ibn Sina, eYurophu aziwa ngokuthi i-Avicenna, owayephila eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule, kufanele asolwe. Enkulumweni yakhe ethi Canon of Medicine, wabhala: “Uma usula umhluzi inyoka. noma ukudla inyama yakhe, kusiza ngobuhlungu bezinzwa. Kunjalo nangesikhumba senyoka. Uma uvumela iwayini lapho kwakwenziwa khona isikhumba senyoka endlebeni yakho, lithambisa izinhlungu ezindlebeni zakho. Ebuhlungwini bezinyo hlamba umlomo wakho ngoviniga, abapheke kuwo isikhumba senyoka. "
Maye, akuwona wonke amathiphu kanye nokupheka kwe-Avicenna enkulu eye yavivinya isikhathi: umuthi wanamuhla awuhlanganyeli umbono ngezinzuzo zenyoka yenyoka. Kodwa-ke, namuhla eMpumalanga kukhona "abaphilisi" abaningi, ngemali enkulu, abakulungele ukuthengisa abantu abagulayo lolu khambi oluyisimangaliso. Futhi phakathi kwazo zonke izinyoka, ngesizathu esithile, yibo kanye abahamba ngezintambo abathathwa njengabapholisa kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, eziningi zalezi ezihuquzelayo ezingenacala ziqeda izimpilo zazo ebhodweni lomhluzi, futhi abantu, esikhundleni sokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, bathola kangcono umphumela we-placebo. EYurophu, abahamba ngezinyawo bavame ukuba yizisulu zama-zootorgs angenabuntu futhi baphile izimpilo zabo emasimini. Ngenhlanhla, kunzima kakhulu ukubamba ngokuphelele lezi zinyoka ezihamba kancane kodwa eziyimfihlo, ngakho-ke azisongelwa ngokuqothulwa komhlaba wonke.
ISIQINISEKISO SAMAHHALA
- Isigaba: Izilwane ezihuquzelayo.
- Isikwele: izinyoka.
- Umndeni: izinyoka ezinyaweni zamanga, noma ama-boas.
- Uhlobo: ama-sand boas, noma ama-boas.
- Uhlobo: isihlabathi sobambisi.
- Igama lesi Latin: Eryx miliaris.
- Ubukhulu: ubude bomzimba ngomsila - ukuya kuma-80 cm.
- Umbala: uhlangothi olungaphezulu luphuzi ngombala ophuzi onsundu, amabala ansundu noma amnyama ezinhlangothini, isisu sikhanya sinezindawo namachashazi amnyama, amachashaza amnyama (melancts) akuvamile.
- Isikhathi sokuphila seSand choke: kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-15.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Snake Sand Constrictor
Isikhathi sokuzalelisa siqala ngemuva kokuba ama-stranglers ephume e-hibernation futhi ahlala izinyanga ezintathu. NgoJulayi noma Agasti, kuzalwa inzalo, futhi izinyoka lezi ziyaqaqeka, ngakho-ke inyoka ngokushesha, imvamisa isuka ku-5 iye ku-12, futhi ngayinye isivele izalwe inkulu kakhulu - cm 10-14. Zisuka ngokushesha egobolondeni leqanda, zidla isikhuphasha. Ngonyaka bakhula babe ngama-30 cm, emva kwalokho ukukhula kuncipha, futhi bakhule babe ngosayizi abadala kuphela ngeminyaka engama-3.5-4, bese befika ebusheni.
Lapho zigcinwa ekudingisweni, nazo zingalungiswa, kepha ngenxa yalokhu kuyadingeka ukudala izimo. Okokuqala, bobabili abazali besikhathi esizayo, abasagcinwa bohlukile komunye nomunye, bavinjelwe - banciphisa izinga lokushisa ku-terrarium laya ku-10 ° C futhi bayeke ukunika ukudla. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngaphambi kokuqala ubusika inyanga, kufanele bondliwe kabili kakhulu njengokujwayelekile.
Izinga lokushisa labe selihlehliswa kahle, isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, bayeke ukondla amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokuqala kokwehla. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinyoka zilala ngezinyawo, futhi zidinga ukushiywa izinyanga eziyi-2,5 ukuya kwezingu-2. Ngemuva kwalokho, izinga lokushisa, futhi kahle, kufanele libuyiselwe kokujwayelekile. Ngemuva kokuvuka, izinyoka ziphinda zidinga ukondliwa okuthe xaxa, lapho-ke zidinga ukuthi zifakwe ndawonye ukuze zizalane. Awudingi ukuhamba isikhathi eside, ngemuva kwesonto zingabuyiselwa emuva. Lapho izinyoka ezincane ziqala ukukhasa, zizodinga ukuhanjiswa kwenye i-terarium.
Izitha Zemvelo Zama-Sand Chasers
Isithombe: Kubukeka sengathi yisihlabathi
Kuwo wonke amandla abo anqobayo nobunqunu, abahamba ngezinyawo banezitha eziningi: bancane kakhulu ukuzivikela ngokumelene nezitha ezinkulu, kuyilapho inyama yabo iphilile, ngakho-ke bayisisulu esamukelekayo salabo. Phakathi kwalabo abavame ukuzizingela, izinyoni ezahlukahlukene zezinyamazane, ikakhulukazi amakhayithi kanye namaqhude, kuqapha izinyoka, ama-hedgehogs, izinyoka ezinkulu.
Ingozi enkulu ebasabisa ukusuka esibhakabhakeni: izinyoni eziphapheme zingabona zisuka ekuphakameni ngisho nomuntu ohamba ngezinyawo angcwatshwe esihlabathini acishe ngokuphelele, ngaphandle kwalokho angabona kahle ukulandelana okusha komnyakazo wakhe - zingandiza nje, ziqondiswe yile ndlela. Imvamisa, abahlanganisi basindiswa ukwakheka kwamehlo, okubuka isibhakabhaka kuqala bese, ngokunganakile ibona inyoni, inyoka ivame ukucasha ngaphansi kwesihlabathi. Kepha abazingeli, bazi ukuthi inyamazane yabo ingashiya noma inini, zama ukuyifaka ekhoneni lokuthi iqashelwe ngomzuzu wokugcina.
Ama-stranglers nawo kufanele alandele umhlaba, futhi kuyingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi lapho bona uqobo begxila ukunaka inyamazane: ngasikhathi sinye, ibhungane elikhulu noma i-hedgehog uqobo lwayo selingabagcina. Ama-stranglers anobuhlakani obanele bokuphunyuka abese ecasha ngaphansi kwesihlabathi, ngoba laba bantu abazingelayo bazama ukubabamba ngokushesha.
Izinja ziyingozi kuma-stranglers akhiwe eduze kwezindawo zokuhlala abantu - zivame ukukhombisa ulaka kulezi zinyoka futhi zibabulale. Abagibeli abaningi bafa ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto, bezama ukukhamba ngomgwaqo oshiywe. Ekugcineni, abanye abantu bancishiswa ukudingiswa ngokweqile.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Photo: Sand Choke
Naphezu kwesibalo esikhulu sezinsongo, inani eliphelele lama-sandas Boas ezilwaneni zasendle lisaqhubeka liphezulu. Ogwadule lwaseCentral Asia, lezi zinyoka ziphakathi kokuvame kakhulu, ubukhulu bazo ngokwesilinganiso bungu-1 ihektha ngalinye. Uma unikezwe indawo, izinga elikhudlwana alikwazi ukutholwa.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, njengezinhlobo zezilwane, azikabi naso usongo lokuqothulwa. Zonke izingozi ezivezwa zilinganiswa ngokuzala okusebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, ukwesaba kubangelwa ngamabanga abo ngamunye nohlobo lwawo, ikakhulukazi lawo ahlala eduze nendawo enabantu abaningi. Ngakho-ke, i-Nogai subspecies ehlala emaqeleni aseKalmykia, kanye naseCiscaucasia, yize ingafakwanga i-Red Book uqobo, ifakiwe kwisithasiselo kuyo - uhlu olukhethekile lwe-taxa kanye neningi labantu, elidinga ukunakwa okukhulu esimweni sendawo yokuhlala yabo yemvelo.
Lokhu bekungenxa yokwehla kwezibalo zabo - manje abanalo uhla olujwayelekile, kuye kwagqashelwa ekugxilwe kuyena, kuleyo naleyo ndawo inani labantu lihla kancane kancane ngenxa yokuthi indawo ehlane nesihlabathi kulezi zindawo nayo iyancipha. Izinkinga zemvelo ehlukile phakathi kweningi labantu abahlala eNyakatho China - uma omakhelwane babo abangamaMongol behlala ngokukhululeka, ama-boas amaShayina azizwa elibi futhi elibi kakhulu ngenxa yenani labantu abasebenza kulezi zindawo nomsebenzi wabo wezimboni. Kunezimo ezivame kakhulu zokuthi ubuthi busaphazwa yimfucumfucu embonini yamakhemikhali, inani labantu liyehla.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Amazinyo ale nyoka ayadingeka ukubamba inyamazane ngokuqinile, futhi ngenxa yalokho kwesinye isikhathi ayikwazi ukuzikhulula ngemuva kokuluma, noma ngabe izama kanjani ukukwenza. Ngemuva kwalokho umhlanganisi we-boa udinga ukungabhenywa ngokucophelela, ebanjwe ikhanda.
Akube njalo isihlabathi esiphikisana nenyoka encane, futhi iphakathi kwamabhusha ngisho amancane, kepha i-brisk and inconspicuous: kunzima kakhulu ukuyibamba esihlabathini sayo sokuzalwa, yona uqobo ihlasela ngejubane lombani kungathi kusuka lapho, izidalwa zakhe ezincane eziphilayo zesaba kakhulu. Njengesilwane esifuywayo, nakho kungaheha, kepha kulabo kuphela abalungele ukulunywa - yize bengeyona ingozi, okwamanje abajabulisi.