ENkathini Ephakathi kwakukhona inganekwane yokuthi emathunjini omhlaba kuhlala khona inyamazane - "udrako-olm." Ukubonakala kwaso ebusweni kusho inhlekelele nokukhukhula okuseduze. Nangu, iqhawe lalezinganekwane - Proteus European. Lesi yisilwane esincane esinomsila esihlala emihumeni engaphansi komhlaba entshonalanga yeNhlonhlo yeBalkan. Uyena nodrako abese ebiza ulimi aluphenduki. Kubuhlungu isidalwa esimnandi kangaka nesingenakuzivikela. Kepha umhlaba wesayensi usithanda kakhulu lesi silwane. Siyini isizathu? Kusikhathi sakhe eside sokuphila. Ngemuva kwakho konke, iminyaka yabanye abantu ingaba yiminyaka eyikhulu.
I-Proteus european noma i-olm (lat.proteusgicinus) (eng. Olm)
I-European Proteus ihlala emanzini abandayo emihumeni engaphansi komhlaba, lapho kubusa khona ubumnyama, futhi izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingaphezu kuka-10 degrees Celsius. Indawo yayo yokusabalalisa ilinganiselwe. Kutholakala emigedeni yaseMagdalen nase-Adelsberg (Yugoslavia) nasezindaweni eziphansi zeVenetian Alps (eNyakatho ne-Italiya) (kwalethwa lapho).
Ubukhulu baso abukhuthazi ukwesaba nethuse. Ubude bomzimba wenyoka bungamasentimitha angama-30, bunesisindo esingadluli kuma-gramu ayi-20. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya, iprotein ayinayo i-pigmentation, futhi umzimba unombala ophuzi ophuzi noma ophuzi. Kepha unamabhangqa ama-3 we-girrus ebomvu ekhanyayo, njenge-axolotl, nezinyawo ezincane ezingenamandla ngeminwe. Umsila umfishane futhi ucindezelwe kancane kamuva. Njengoba u-olm echitha impilo yakhe yonke ebumnyameni, amehlo akhe athuthukile.
Isikhumba esivele sikhona 
Ama-girrus amahle kakhulu 
Amehlo angaphansi
Ngaphezu kwama-cirrus gill, i-proteinus inamaphaphu, kepha ayikwazi ukuphefumula isikhathi eside. Isilwane esikhishwe emanzini singafa emahoreni ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, i-proteina ikhuphukela phezulu kwamanzi kuphela ngemuva kokuphefumula komoya.
Naphezu kokungaboni, usakwazi ukubona ukukhanya, kodwa hhayi ngamehlo akhe, kodwa ngamaseli ezinzwa ezitholakala ebusweni bonke besikhumba.
Ngenkathi kubhekwa la ma-amphibians, ososayensi bakwazi ukuthola ukuthi isilinganiso sokuphila kwabo ngokwemvelo yiminyaka engama-69, abanye abantu bangaphila iminyaka eyi-100. Kepha namanje abaqondi ukuthi yini edale le mpilo ende. Yize kunjalo, lokhu akuyona into ejwayelekile ezilwaneni ezincane ezinjalo. Ukucatshangwa mayelana nokudla okuhamba kancane kanye nokwakheka kwenani elikhulu lezinto ezingama-antioxidant kukhanseliwe. Ososayensi babeke phambili iphuzu lokuthi lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yendlela ezolile nengasebenzi kahle. Yize kunjalo, lezi zilwane cishe azinazitha zemvelo.
Zibuye zikhule kancane. Ukuthomba kwenzeka kuphela eminyakeni eyi-15,6. Futhi iProteus iletha izizukulwane kanye kuphela eminyakeni eyi-12. Lezi zilwane zine-lecithotrophic zokuzalwa bukhoma. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izintokazi, zombili ama-viviparous, zingazalela amaqanda. Kuqala, kusuka kumaqanda ayi-12 kuye kwangama-80 avuthiwe emzimbeni, kepha yi-2 kuphela kuwo eqala ukukhula bese iphenduka izibungu, bese kuthi abanye abaseleyo bakhiqize isisindo se-yolk bese iba njengokudla kwalawa amabili. Ukuzalwa bukhoma kuvame ukutholakala emvelweni, futhi ekuthunjweni, ezimweni eziningi, amaqanda ama-protein, lapho kuthi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu kuzalwe izibungu ezincane.
Amawashi amafushane weminwe emithathu
Ekudingisweni, la “amadragoni aphakathi” adla ama-crustaceans amancane kanye nezibungu. Isikhathi esiningi abangasenza ngaphandle kokudla.
I-Proteus kanye nomhlonyane
Manje isibalo se-proteina yaseYurophu sehle kakhulu. Lokhu kudalwa ukubabamba ngamanani amakhulu athengiselwa izivakashi kanye nama-zoo. Isilwane okwamanje sivikelwe futhi ukubanjwa kwayo kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele. I-European Proteus ifakiwe kwi-IUCN Red Book.
Ufuna ukwazi konke
Lokho kungibambe kwi-Intanethi nansi isidalwa esithandekayo. Okuthile kukhunjuzwa ngokushesha imayelana nalesi simangaliso - i-Axolotl . Kepha namhlanje sikhuluma ...
ENkathini Ephakathi kwakukhona inganekwane yokuthi emathunjini omhlaba kuhlala khona inyamazane - "udrako-olm." Ukubonakala kwaso ebusweni kusho inhlekelele nokukhukhula okuseduze. Nangu, iqhawe lalezinganekwane - Proteus European. Lesi yisilwane esincane esinomsila esihlala emihumeni engaphansi komhlaba entshonalanga yeNhlonhlo yeBalkan. Uyena nodrako abese ebiza ulimi aluphenduki. Kubuhlungu isidalwa esimnandi kangaka nesingenakuzivikela. Kepha umhlaba wesayensi usithanda kakhulu lesi silwane.
Siyini isizathu? Kusikhathi sakhe eside sokuphila. Ngemuva kwakho konke, iminyaka yabanye abantu ingaba yiminyaka eyikhulu.
Izithombe 2. 
I-European Proteus (Proteus alisinus) ihlala emanzini abandayo emihumeni engaphansi komhlaba, lapho kubusa khona ubumnyama, futhi izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingaphezu kuka-10 degrees Celsius. Indawo yayo yokusabalalisa ilinganiselwe. Kutholakala emigedeni yaseMagdalen nase-Adelsberg (Yugoslavia) nasezindaweni eziphansi zeVenetian Alps (eNyakatho ne-Italiya) (kwalethwa lapho).
Izithombe 3. 
Ubukhulu baso abukhuthazi ukwesaba nethuse. Ubude bomzimba wenyoka bungamasentimitha angama-30, bunesisindo esingadluli kuma-gramu ayi-20. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya, iprotein ayinayo i-pigmentation, futhi umzimba unombala ophuzi ophuzi noma ophuzi. Kepha unamabhangqa ama-3 we-girrus ebomvu ekhanyayo, njenge-axolotl, nezinyawo ezincane ezingenamandla ngeminwe. Umsila umfishane futhi ucindezelwe kancane kamuva. Njengoba u-olm echitha impilo yakhe yonke ebumnyameni, amehlo akhe athuthukile.
Izithombe 4. 
Ngaphezu kwama-cirrus gill, i-proteinus inamaphaphu, kepha ayikwazi ukuphefumula isikhathi eside. Isilwane esikhishwe emanzini singafa emahoreni ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, i-proteina ikhuphukela phezulu kwamanzi kuphela ngemuva kokuphefumula komoya.
Naphezu kokungaboni, usakwazi ukubona ukukhanya, kodwa hhayi ngamehlo akhe, kodwa ngamaseli ezinzwa ezitholakala ebusweni bonke besikhumba.
Izithombe 5. 
Ngenkathi kubhekwa la ma-amphibians, ososayensi bakwazi ukuthola ukuthi isilinganiso sokuphila kwabo ngokwemvelo yiminyaka engama-69, abanye abantu bangaphila iminyaka eyi-100. Kepha namanje abaqondi ukuthi yini edale le mpilo ende. Yize kunjalo, lokhu akuyona into ejwayelekile ezilwaneni ezincane ezinjalo. Ukucatshangwa mayelana nokudla okuhamba kancane kanye nokwakheka kwenani elikhulu lezinto ezingama-antioxidant kukhanseliwe. Ososayensi babeke phambili iphuzu lokuthi lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yendlela ezolile nengasebenzi kahle. Yize kunjalo, lezi zilwane cishe azinazitha zemvelo.
Izithombe 6. 
Zibuye zikhule kancane. Ukuthomba kwenzeka kuphela eminyakeni eyi-15,6. Futhi iProteus iletha izizukulwane kanye kuphela eminyakeni eyi-12. Lezi zilwane zine-lecithotrophic zokuzalwa bukhoma. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izintokazi, zombili ama-viviparous, zingazalela amaqanda. Kuqala, kusuka kumaqanda ayi-12 kuye kwangama-80 avuthiwe emzimbeni, kepha yi-2 kuphela kuwo eqala ukukhula bese iphenduka izibungu, bese kuthi abanye abaseleyo bakhiqize isisindo se-yolk bese iba njengokudla kwalawa amabili. Ukuzalwa bukhoma kuvame ukutholakala emvelweni, futhi ekuthunjweni, ezimweni eziningi, amaqanda ama-protein, lapho kuthi ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu kuzalwe izibungu ezincane.
Izithombe 7. 
Ekudingisweni, la “amadragoni aphakathi” adla ama-crustaceans amancane kanye nezibungu. Isikhathi esiningi abangasenza ngaphandle kokudla.
Manje isibalo se-proteina yaseYurophu sehle kakhulu. Lokhu kudalwa ukubabamba ngamanani amakhulu athengiselwa izivakashi kanye nama-zoo. Isilwane okwamanje sivikelwe futhi ukubanjwa kwayo kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele. I-European Proteus ifakiwe kwi-IUCN Red Book.
Izithombe 8. 
Izithombe 9. 
Izithombe 10. 
Izithombe 11. 
Izithombe 12. 
imithombo
http://www.zooeco.com/eco-zabi/eco-zabi3-5-1.html
http://ianimal.ru/topics/protejj-evropejjskijj
http://www.zoopuzzle.ru/proteus-anguinus/
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