UTrumpeter Swan (I-cygnus buccinator) - Olunye lwezinhlobo ezinkulu zama-swans: ubude bomzimba waso buyi-150-180 cm futhi isisindo saso singama-7300-1250 g. Umbala wethani lazo limhlophe qwa, kepha ungahlukaniswa kalula ezinhlotsheni ezifanayo ngokubonga komlomo omnyama. Njengamanye amadada, izinsikazi nezinsikazi zedilongo lezi zinombala ofanayo, kepha izinsikazi zincane.
Ama-trumpeter swan ahlala ezingxenyeni zamachibi amachibi amancanyana endaweni yase-taiga, kodwa, ebusika, ezinye izihlambi ze-swan zigcinwa ogwini lolwandle. I-trumpeter swan ichitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwayo emanzini, kepha ingakhipha kuphela uma isiqalile. Indiza yakhe iyangcebeleka, kepha iyashesha. I-Horneter swan izalela e-Alaska nasentshonalanga yeCanada, kanti kubusika ogwini oluseningizimu ye-Alaska naseNyakatho Melika.
Umsoco
Njengezinye izinhlobo zama-swans, icilongo swan feeds cishe kuphela ekudleni kwezitshalo: amaqabunga neziqu eziluhlaza zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini (iminduze yamanzi, i-algae), imbewu, ama-rhizomes. Ebusika, ukudla okuthandwayo kwamacilongo kungamazambane; badla kuwo amasimu. Ama-Swans kanye nama-invertebrates asemanzini ayayidla, kanye nama-amphibians kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane. Emavikini okuqala empilo, ama-swans adla ikakhulu ama-invertebrates asemanzini: izinambuzane nezibungu zawo, ama-mollusks kanye nezibungu. Ucilongo lwesigayezi cishe luhlala lufuna ukudla emanzini, kodwa alungenzi shizi, kodwa lufaka kuphela ikhanda nentamo yalo emanzini. Intamo ende iyamvumela ukuthi athole izitshalo kusuka ekujuleni okukhulu, futhi uma ubude bawo bungasanele, i-swan ibeka umzimba ngokuthe mpo (ama-tilts).
Ukuziphatha Komphakathi Nokuzala
Amacilongo edleke ahlala ngambili ngababili abayizithulu, imvamisa amachibi amakhulu anogqinsi nasogwini olusembozwe ngomhlanga. Ama-swans anezimbili ezingapheli, kwesinye isikhathi zihlala impilo yawo yonke, bese umlingani osemusha avela kaningi kuphela uma kwenzeka kufa umdala. Amabili okubhukuda ayindawo futhi asabela ngokufutheka kakhulu ngokubonakala kwanoma yimuphi umuntu ongaziwa endaweni yakhe. Isidleke sombombayi uyinqwaba yamamoss, utshani noma umhlanga futhi imvamisa itholakala emanzini angajulile noma esiqhingini, engxenyeni evikelekile yechibi, imvamisa ezindlini ze-muskrat. Ku-clutch yamaqanda angama-4-8, ukufukelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-33 kuya kwengama-37, ikakhulukazi insubates abesifazane, owesilisa ngasikhathi sinye uvikela insimu. Amachwane weSwan ambozwe ngotshani phansi, okuwavikela ukuthi angamanzi. Ngokungafani nezinyoni ezindala, zivame ukuntywila lapho zizondla. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-swans agibela emhlane womunye wabazali ahambe ngale ndlela. Zikhula kancane futhi zibambe kuphela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-84-120. Sonke lesi sikhathi, amacilongo amancane anezinyoni ezindala, nazo ezindiza ebusika, bese zibuyela ezindaweni ezidlekayo. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwabazali namachwane bungaphikelela kuze kube isikhathi esilandelayo sokuzala. Ama-Trumpeter afinyelela ukuvuthwa kuphela ngeminyaka engu-3-4.
Ukubonakala kwesidlakela se-capeter
I-trumpeter swan inkulu - ubude bomzimba bungamamitha ayi-1.4-1.65, kepha amanye amaduna akhula afinyelela kumamitha ayi-1,8.
Isisindo sabantu abadala siyahluka kusuka ku-7 kuye ku-13.5 kilos. Abesilisa, ngokwesilinganiso, banesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-11.8, kanti izinsikazi zinesisindo esingaphansi - ama-9.4 kilos. Ubude bamaphiko ngamamitha ayi-1.8-2,5. Imbokodo enkulu ebhaliswe ngokusemthethweni yayinobude obungamamitha ayi-1,83, inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-17,2, kanti amaphiko ayo ayengamamitha ayi-3.1.
I-plumage kubantu abadala imhlophe. Uqhwaku lwabamele lezinhlobo lumise okwenziwe nge-wedge, lukhulu futhi lumnyama ngokuphelele, kwezinye izikhathi, eduze kwesisekelo somlomo ungapinki. Imilenze iphuzi, kepha kwezinye izingulule ziphuzi ngokuphuzi noma zimnyama. Izilwane ezisencane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala zinezinwele ezimpunga.
Ukuziphatha kwe-Swan kanye nokudla okunempilo
Lezi swans zinezindawo zazo, okungavunyelwe kuzo abantu abangabazi. Ehlobo, abadala molt. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, izinyoni zilahlekelwa manjalo manjalo, ngakho-ke azikwazi ukundiza. Izinsikazi z molt ngenyanga ngaphambili kunabesilisa.
AmaTrumpeter swans adla ngezimila zasemanzini - iziqu namaqabunga ezitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi nezangaphandle. Ukusuka phansi kwezindawo zokugcina, izinyoni zikhipha nezilimo eziyizigaxa nezimpande. Ebusika, izingulube zalolu hlobo zidla okusanhlamvu emasimini noma utshani.
Izinyoni zondla kokubili ngesikhathi sasemini nasebusuku. Ngokungeziwe kokudla kwezitshalo, izinhlanzi, ama-crustaceans kanye ne-caviar afakiwe ekudleni. Lokhu kudla kuqukethe amaprotheni amaningi edinga ukufunwa ama swans.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
UTrumpeter swans udala imibhangqwana impilo yonke. Isidleke sakhiwe esiqhingini esincane noma izimila ezintantayo. Isidleke esisodwa sezinyoni singasetshenziswa iminyaka eminingana.
Insikazi ibekela amaqanda ngo-Ephreli-Meyi. Imvamisa, iqukethe amaqanda ama-4-6, kepha kungaba khona ama-3 noma amaningi - ama-12 amaqanda ama-amacilongo makhulu, anesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-320. Isikhathi sokufuduka sithatha izinsuku ezingama-37. Hatching kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ngowesifazane.
Amabhuqa angavele abhukude ngosuku lwe-2 lokuphila. Ukukhula okusha kuqala eneminyaka eyi-4 izinyanga.
Endle, isikhathi sokuphila salezi zinyoni ezinhle yiminyaka engama-25- 28, kanti ekuthunjweni ama-swarker swans ahlala iminyaka engama-33- 35.
Uhlala kuphi
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i- Trumpeter swan yiNyakatho Melika. Izinyoni zihlala ikakhulu enyakatho-ntshonalanga nasenkabeni yezwekazi. ENingizimu, uhla lufinyelela eTexas naseNingizimu California. Ingxenye encane yabantu imelwe e-Alaska. Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo ephambili yezinhlobo i-tundra kanye ne-tundra. AmaTrumpeter swans akhetha ukuhlangana ngasogwini lwamachibi angajulile nokuzola, nemifula egeleza kancane.
Izimpawu zangaphandle
I-trumpeter swan yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke kuma-waterfowl akhona. Ubude bomzimba wabantu abadala buphakathi kuka-140 kuya ku-165 cm. Owesilisa omkhulu kunabo bonke owaziwa yisayensi ubude ngu-180 cm. Isisindo sezinyoni sisuka ku-7 kuye ku-13,5 kg. Uma i-swan isabalalisa amaphiko ayo amhlophe amhlophe emaceleni, ngokuqinisekile ibukeka njengesilwane esikhulu: amaphiko aso afinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5. Amapheya abantu abadala amhlophe qhwa, futhi izinyoni ezincane zidwetshwe ngopende onsundu. Isici esibonakalayo se-trumpeter swan ngumlomo waso omnyama onamandla. KumaBantu abathile kuphela esintwini umugqa opinki ungangena phakathi koqhwaku. Amafushane maqondana nemilenze yosayizi womzimba - omnyama. Owesilisa nowesifazane bangaphandle ngokungaqondakali. Ngendlela yabo yokuphila nokubukeka, lezi zinyoni zifana kakhulu nge-whooper swan.
Indlela yokuphila
I-trumpeter swan yathola igama layo ngenxa yemisindo ehlukile eyenziwe ngesikhathi sokuxhumana. Ziyabonakala emabangeni amade futhi zisiza izinyoni ukuthi zihlale zixhumana. Amapayipi aminyene nobuningi be-fluff benza ama-swans amelana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphansi. Bancibilike kanye ngonyaka.
Isikhathi esingangenyanga baphelelwa amandla okundiza. Ama-Swans adla ngamanzi: ayathula, athathe i-algae nezinye izitshalo zasemanzini ekujuleni. Bangadla ama-mollusk nama-crustaceans amancane. Umhlambi wezinyoni ezindizayo wenza ukwakheka okumise okwama-V.
Njengazo zonke izingulule, lokhu kubukeka okuyisidina. Ababili babumba unyaka wesibili noma wesithathu wokuphila futhi basebenzise indawo efanayo yokuthola isidleke iminyaka eminingana. Insikazi ingazalela amaqanda amathathu kuya kwayi-12, akhula izinsuku ezingama-32-37. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bobabili abazali banakekela izingane, ngumama kuphela ofaka umenzi. Ezinsukwini ezimbili emva kokuzalwa kwamachwane aqhubeka nohambo lwawo lokuqala oluzimele, yebo, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwabadala. Cishe emavikini amabili eminyaka, bayakwazi ukuthola ukudla badle bodwa. Bambatha ingubo yabantu abadala eneminyaka emithathu kuya kwezine.
Izinyoni zinezitha eziningi zemvelo ezidla ngababili amaqanda namantshontsho. Phakathi kwazo - wolverine, baribal, wolf grey, otter, mink, owl ukhozi nabanye abaningi.
Ngokwesiko labantu abaningi bomhlaba, i-swan iwuphawu lobuhlobo bezothando, uthando nokuthembeka. Lezi zinyoni zihlobisa amajazi wezingalo namafulegi. Isihlobo esiseduze se-trumpeter swan whooper swan wuphawu lukazwelonke lweFinland.
Encwadini ebomvu
Namuhla, i-trumpeter swan ingeyongxenye yezinsongo ngokusongela okuncane, kukhona ukwanda kwemvelo okuqhubekayo kubantu. Noma kunjalo, emuva ngekhulu le-XIX. I-trumpeter swan yayiyinto yokuzingela ezemidlalo, futhi izinyoni zazizingelwa nezinsiba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abasha bazwela kakhulu ukungcoliswa ngamakhompiyutha womthofu. Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XX. izinhlobo zacishe zanyamalala ngokuphelele e-USA futhi zahlala kuphela eCanada nase-Alaska. Ngo-1933, ngabameli abangama-66 kuphela balezi zinhlobo abahlala e-United States of America. Isikhathi eside, imizamo yokubuyisela ama-swan swans ezindaweni zawo zemvelo ayiphumelelanga. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi bagcina bekwazile ukufeza inhloso yabo. Kusukela ngo-1982, uhlelo lokongiwa kwemvelo beluqhubeka eToronto Zoo. Kulokhu, amaqanda aqoqwe endle asetshenziswa. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, izinyoni ezingaba ngu-180 ezithunjiwe zibuyiselwe endaweni yazo yemvelo. Ngokuvamile, kule minyaka engama-30 edlule, inani labantu liye landa cishe izikhathi ezingama-400. Namuhla, cishe akukho okusongela izinyoni.
Bheka incazelo
Ama-Trumpeter angenye yamanzi amakhulu amakhulu. Owesilisa osemdala angaba nesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayishumi nambili, izinsikazi zincane kancanyana futhi isisindo sazo kuyaqabukela seqa amakhilogremu ayisishiyagalolunye. Ubude bomzimba wenyoni obujwayelekile buvela ku-140 kuya ku-170 cm. Ngokukhethekile abameleli abakhulu bangafinyelela ubude obungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-180.
Ukubonakala kowesilisa nowesifazane kufana kakhulu. Ukwehlukanisa abantu bobulili obuhlukile kungaba ngosayizi kuphela. Amasondo kaTrumpeter anenqwaba yeplamu elihle elimhlophe qhwa. Impaphe yangaphandle ineminyene kakhulu futhi ifihla iphansi eliminyene phansi, ivumela izinyoni ukuba zikwazi ukubekezelela amazinga aphansi okushisa komoya. Izinyoni ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu zineplamu elimnyama: grey-brown, brown-grey, grey emnyama. Amapayipayi amaswidi noqhwaku - amnyama. Isiqu saso sihlukaniswa yisifuba esikhanyayo nesijulile.
Izinyoni zibiza igama lazo ngesakhiwo esikhethekile se-trachea ne-larynx, ngosizo lwazo zenza imisindo ephansi, ephakeme futhi enamandla kakhulu, efana nemisindo yecilongo.
Kaningi, imisindo yezwi lecilongo izwakala ngisho nangamakhilomitha ambalwa.
Lalela izwi lecilongo
Kepha ukwanda kwesibalo sokushintshwa kwamaxilongo kuthikanyezwa ukwanda kwenani lama-swans asezimungulu, ngoba laba bameleli bomndeni bancintisana ngokuqinile. Kepha kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi amathemba okunyusa inani labantu aphakeme impela. Namuhla, cishe izinkulungwane eziyi-19 zalezi zinyoni zihlala eNyakatho Melika.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Ububanzi nendawo yokuhlala
Kusukela ngonyaka ka-1968, kwaphindwa ngonyaka we-1975, kwabe sekwenziwa ngezikhathi ezi-5 zeminyaka, ukubuyekezwa kokubambisana kwe-pan-Continental okwenziwe ngokugcina kwe-sunepeter eyenziwe ngo-2015. Lolu cwaningo luqikelela ukuthi i-fly trumpeter iyisibalo kanye nokukhiqiza kulo lonke uhla lokuzalela lwabantu abathathu abaziwayo baseNyakatho Melika: Pacific Coast (PCP), Rocky Mountain (RMP) kanye ne-Interior (IP) (bheka isithombe) Ukusuka ngo-1968 kuya ku-2010, inani labantu lenyuka lisuka ku-3,722 laya cishe ezinyangeni ezingama-46,225, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwaziswa kabusha komlando waso ibanga le-esque.
Izindawo abahlala kuzo zingamachibi amakhulu angajulile, amachibi ama-pristine, amachibi ama-pristine nemifudlana ehamba kancane enyakatho nasentshonalanga neNyakatho Melika, nenani elikhulu kakhulu lezindawo zokuzala ezitholakala e-Alaska. Bancamela iziza ezidlekayo ezinendawo eyanele yokuthi zingaba namanzi angaphezulu komhlaba abangakwazi ukuzikhipha, kanye nokudla okutholakalayo, okungajulile, amanzi angafakwanga, nokungenelela okuncane noma okungekho kwabantu. Amanani emvelo alawa ma swans athuthela futhi esuka ogwini lwePacific kanye nezingxenye zase-United States, endiza emhlanjini obunjwe ngama-V. Inani labantu abakhululiwe iningi labo aliyona ukuthutha.
Ebusika, bathuthela esifundeni esiseningizimu yeCanada, izindawo ezisempumalanga esentshonalanga ne-United States, ikakhulukazi isifunda saseRed Rock Lakes eMontana, esifundeni esisenyakatho yePotget Sound ngasenyakatho nentshonalanga yeWashington, baze babona nokude kangakanani ngaseningizimu njengePagosa Springs, eColorado Ngokomlando, ziye zaguquka zaze zafika eningizimu eTexas naseningizimu yeCalifornia. Ngaphezu kwalokho kunesampula eMnyuziyamu weComparative Zoology eCambridge, eyaqanjwa nguFB Armstrong ngo-1909 eMatamorosa, eTamaulipas, eMexico. Kusukela ngonyaka ka-1992, kutholakala ukuthi kutholakala amacilongo okwenziwa ngamacilongo e-Arkansas njalo ngoNovemba - kuNhlolanja eMagness Lake ngaphandle kweHeber Springs. Ekuqaleni kuka-2017, icilongo elincane elihlanzekile lahlala eMfuleni iFrance Broad e-Asheville, eNyakatho neCarolina, okumaka umbono wokuqala kule ngxenye yombuso.
Izindondo zamaphondo ezingagudluki lapho futhi zethulwe ngobuciko ezingxenyeni ze-Oregon lapho zingaveli khona ekuqaleni. Ngenxa yobuhle bawo bemvelo, alungele ama -fowfowl ukuheha ababukeli bezinyoni nabanye abathandi bezilwane zasendle. Ukwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezingezona zesifunda emazweni asentshonalanga, ngokwesibonelo, ngohlelo lwe-Oregon Trumpeter Swan (OTSP), nakho kuye kwagxekwa, kepha ngokuvamile, ukukhanga kwezinto zemvelo kubonakale njengokubaluleke ngaphezu kobubanzi bokunanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinhlobo ezinikezwe.
Ukudla
Lezi zinyoni zidla ngenkathi zibhukuda, kwesinye isikhathi ngaphambi kokuthweswa iziqu noma zingenelele ukuze kutholwe ukudla okugxilisiwe. Ukudla cishe kuyizitshalo zasemanzini ngokuphelele. Zidla njengamaqabunga neziqu zezimila ezingaphansi komhlaba nangaphansi. Bazophinde bambe ezindaweni ezingaphansi ezinodaka ezingaphansi kwamanzi ukukhipha izimpande nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ebusika, bangadla notshani notshani emasimini. Ngokuvamile zidla ebusuku, kanye nasemini. Umsebenzi wokondla kanye nesisindo sezinyoni kuvame ukufinyelela esiphezulu entwasahlobo, njengoba zilungiselela isikhathi sokuzalela. Intsha idla izinambuzane, inhlanzi encane, amaqanda enhlanzi kanye nama cr craceans amancane, kanye nezitshalo ezisesigabeni sokuqala, ukuhlinzeka ngamaphrotheni angeziwe, izinguquko ezitshalweni ezisuselwa ekudleni phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala.
Ukuzalanisa
Njengamanye ama-swans, izimpondo zamaxhaphozi zivame ukushada impilo yonke, futhi bobabili abazali bayabandakanyeka ekukhulisweni kwezingane zabo, kodwa okokuqala, insikazi ibamba amaqanda. Iningi labashadikazi lakha lapho amantshontsho eseneminyaka emihlanu kuya kwengu-7, yize eminye imibhangqwana ingakhi kuze kube yilapho isondele eminyakeni engama-20. "Ukwehlukaniswa," njengoba uyazi, phakathi kwezinyoni, lapho kubhekelwa khona abangane bayoba ngabendawonye, nabalingani bakho ngokuzalanisa okuhlukile. Kwesinye isikhathi, uma umsizi wakhe efa, impukane yeduna ayinakho ukuhlangana futhi impilo yayo yonke. Ukugcwala okuningi kwenzeka phakathi kokuphela kuka-Ephreli noMeyi. Insikazi ibekela amaqanda ama-3 ukuya kwayi-6, isukela kwele-4 kuye kwayi-6 ngokwesilinganiso emgodini wezinto zezitshalo esiqhingini esincane, endaweni yokulala i-beaver noma muskrat, noma ipulatifomu entantayo ebhulini lezimila ezingaphezulu komhlaba. Indawo efanayo ingasetshenziswa iminyaka eminingana, futhi womabili la malungu asiza ekwakheni isidleke. Isidleke siqukethe isitsha esikhulu esivulekile samakhambi, i-sedge, kanye nezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini futhi ezahlukahlukene ububanzi kusuka ku-1,2 kuye ku-3.6 m (3.9 kuya ku-11,8 amamitha), lokhu okugcina ngemuva kokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe Amaqanda ayisilinganiso samamilimitha angama-73 (amasentimitha ayi-2,9) ububanzi, i-113,5 mm (i -,5 inches) ubude, futhi inesisindo esingama-320 g (11.3 ounces). Amaqanda, okungenzeka ukuthi angabakhulu kunazo zonke izinyoni ezindizayo, ayaphila namuhla, uma eqhathaniswa angamaphesenti angama-20 ngobukhulu nesisindo kunalawo ama-Andes condors ( Vultur gryphus ), efinyelela isisindo esifanayo sabantu abadala, nesisindo esingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kunaleyo ye-KORI bustard ( I-Ardeotis KORI ) Isikhathi sokufakwelwa izinsuku ezingama-32 kuye kwengama-37, sicubungulwa ikakhulukazi ngowesifazane, yize kwesinye isikhathi owesilisa naye. Abantu abasha bangabhukuda izinsuku ezimbili futhi, njengomthetho, bayakwazi ukuzondla ngemuva, okungenani, emavikini amabili. Isigaba se-plumage sifinyelelwa ezingeni lezinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezine. Ngaleso sikhathi, izidleke, amaxhaphozi ashubile angomhlaba futhi ahlukumeza ezinye izilwane, kufaka phakathi izihlobo, ezingena ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala izidleke.
Abantu abadala bayaphupha ehlobo lapho belahlekelwa okwesikhashana izimpaphe zempukane.Izinsikazi zibaleka ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuqhuma kwezinsana, abesilisa baqhubeka nale nqubo ngemuva kwenyanga, lapho izinsikazi seziqedile ukuncibilikisa.
Ukufa
Ekudingisweni, amalungu ale nhlobo asinda afinyelela eminyakeni engama-33, kanti endle, aphile iminyaka engama-24 okungenani. Ama-swans asencane angaba ne-40% yamathuba abo okusinda ngenxa yezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuphazamiseka nokucekelwa phansi ngabantu, ukuqagela, izidleke zezikhukhula nendlala. Kwezinye izindawo, noma kunjalo, impumelelo yokuzalanisa inkulu kakhulu, futhi ngesinye isikhathi wonke amaCygnets angafinyelela ekuvuthweni. Ukufa kwabantu abadala kuphansi impela, ngesilinganiso sokusinda kwe-80-100% ngonyaka uma bengazingelwa ngabantu. Izisulu ze-Egg swan trumpeter zifaka igwababa elijwayelekile ( ICorvus corax ), i-raccoon ejwayelekile ( I-Procyon lotor ), Wolverine ( Gulo gulo ), Ibhere elimnyama laseMelika ( I-Ursus atepsapis ), Ibhere uBrown ( I-Ursus arctos ), coyote ( I-Canis latrans ), wolf ( I-Canis lupus ), amabhubesi asezintabeni ( I-Puma Conkolor ), kanye nenyakatho yomfula i-otter ( ILontra Canadian ) Indawo yesidumbu inganikela ukuvikela okuyingqayizivele kwizilwane eziningi ezidla izinyamazane, ikakhulukazi uma zitholakala eziqhingini noma ezimileni ezintantayo emanzini ajulile. Izinyamazane eziningi zidla izimbotshana ngezinselo ezincane, ngoba kuzoba nokuhlwilwa okuvamile kwefudu ( UCherydra Serpentine ), California Gull ( I-Larus calicileicus ), isikhova esikhulu sokhozi ( Bubo virginianus ), impungushe ( I-Vulpes vulpes ) kanye ne-American mink ( Melekela vison ) Ama-cygnets amakhulu futhi, okungaphansi kakhulu, abantu abadala abazalanayo bangaxilongwa ngokhozi lwegolide ( I-Aquila chrysaetos ), lynx ( Lynx Rufus ), futhi mhlawumbe njenge-coyotes nezimpisi ezimpunga. Lapho amaqanda abo nentsha yabo iba sengozini, abazali bangaba nolaka impela, kuqala bakhombise ukushaya amakhanda bese bekhalisa ngamakhanda. Uma lokhu akwanele, khona-ke abantu abadala bazokulwa nomlobi wezilwane, bashaye amaphiko abo anamandla futhi babhekane nezikweletu zabo ezinkulu, futhi bakwazile ukubulala abazingeli ngenani lesisindo sabo kwabaphikisayo. Ukuqothulwa kwabantu abadala lapho bangavami esidlekeni, yize kungenzeka ukuthi baye bazingela igolide nezinkozi, yize iningi lalawa macala lingumbali futhi lingavunyelwe. Izithombe ze-Bald Eagle ( ukhozi leucocephalus ) Kuthathwe kamuva nje icilongo elisenkingeni ehlasela abantu abadala phakathi nobusuku, yize i-swan ikwazile ukusinda emzamweni wokuqala.
Isimo sokuLondolozwa
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, lolu hlobo lwen ecishe lwasondela ekubhujisweni - yizinyoni ezingama-69 kuphela ezasala e-USA ngo-1932. Ukwehla kwenhlekelele okunjalo ngamanani okubangelwa ukuzingela okukhulu nokuhweba ngezimpaphe nezikhumba zamacilongo. Ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kokuzingela nokusungulwa kwenqwaba yezindawo zemvelo kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthi inani labantu abangamaxilongo likwazi ukuthola abantu bakhona; liyaqhubeka likhula ngokuqinile kuze kube namuhla. E-United States, lolu hlobo lwe-swans lwaze lwadluliselwa kulo olusongelwa esigabeni esingajwayelekile.
Inombolo
Ekuqaleni kwalelikhulu leminyaka elidlule, ama-swan swans ayeyinto eyivelakancane, ngoba abantu bacishe bayiqothula inani labantu. Eminyakeni engama-30 edlule, inani lezinhlobo likhule ngokuqinile. Ngasikhathi sinye, amanani okukhula akhula njalo.
Kepha ukwanda kwesibalo sokushintshwa kwamaxilongo kuthikanyezwa ukwanda kwenani lama-swans asezimungulu, ngoba laba bameleli bomndeni bancintisana ngokuqinile. Kepha kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi amathemba okunyusa inani labantu aphakeme impela. Namuhla, cishe izinkulungwane eziyi-19 zalezi zinyoni zihlala eNyakatho Melika.
Habitat
- amachibi namachibi,
- izigodi zemikhonto,
- imifula egeleza kancane.
Yilabo bantu kuphela abahlala e-Alaska abafudukayo. Zindiza ziye eningizimu peninsula zingene enyakatho Melika. Lezo swans ezihlala enyakatho nasentshonalanga yeCanada azindiza ziye ebusika.
Ezokuphepha
Emakhulukhulu eminyaka ambalwa edlule, lezi zinyoni zazihlala kulo lonke elaseCanada naseMelika. Kepha ngenxa yokuzingela kwabo okusebenzayo, inani labantu lehla kakhulu. Babezingelwa ukuthola inyama emnandi, kanye ne-fluff ebalulekile nezinsiba, ezazisetshenziselwa izinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Benza imicamelo, ubucwebe, esetshenziselwa ukubhala. Ukuzingela ngokweqile, kanye nokwehla kwezindawo lapho lezi zinyoni zazihlala khona, kuholele emiphumeleni emibi. Ososayensi ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili bakwazi ukubala abantu ababalelwa ku-70 kuphela.
Ukuzingela lezi zinyoni akuvunyelwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kudalwe izindawo eziningi zokubhuka. Umsebenzi wokulondolozwa kwezingosi ezingaphansi komhlaba awuzange ube yize. Namuhla, la ma-swans abiza cishe izinkulungwane ezingama-30. Kepha, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi isibalo sabo siyakhula, ukuvinjelwa kokubhujiswa kwabo kusasebenza. Okulondolozwe hhayi kuphela ukuvikela izinyoni, kodwa futhi abasize ukukhulisa amaphuphu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulazi kanye nezinkulisa zihlanganyela ngokwanda.
Amaqiniso Ahehayo
Habitat
AmaTrumpeter swans ahlala ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika, ahlala e-tundra nasehlathini-tundra. Bancamela ukuhlala ezindaweni ezivulekile eduze nezidumbu zamanzi:
- Amachibi
- Imifula ebanzi negeleza kancane,
- I-Limanov,
- Izindlela
- Vula amaxhaphozi.
Izinyoni kuphela ezihlala e-Alaska ezifudukayo. Bachitha ubusika ezindaweni ezihlala eningizimu peninsula nasenyakatho Melika. AmaSwiss ahlala ezindaweni ezisentshonalanga nasenyakatho yeCanada ahlala ebusika ezindaweni ezizalela kuzo.