Ukubukeka nokuziphatha. Kancane kancane kunondlunkulu. Inyoni enesitokwe, enemilenze ephakeme, enombala obomvu onesici esifubeni kanye “nobuso”. Isisindo esingu-15- 23 g, ubude bomzimba ongu-12-16-16 cm. Ugxuma emhlabathini noma emagatsheni, kwesinye isikhathi ama-zaryanka ayama ngokungazelelwe futhi akhothame, adonse umsila wawo.

Incazelo. Izinyoni zalolu hlobo zingadidaniswa kuphela ne-flycatcher encane yowesilisa, lapho umbala obomvu ovela emphinjeni ungafiki ebunzini nasebusweni. Ama-zaryanka amaduna nawesifazane anombala ofanayo, ukuhlukahluka kwesizini ngombala akubalulekile. Izinyoni ezisencane ehlobo zinombala "omnyama" othelwayo, kepha umbala obomvu usabonakala kahle esifubeni sawo. Ngo-ekwindla, bathola i-plumage, njengakwabadala, kodwa ngemikhawulo ye-ocher ekhanyayo embobeni ephezulu yephiko. Lolu phawu lugcinwa kuze kube maphakathi nehlobo elilandelayo futhi lusivumela ukuthi sihlukanise izinyoni ezincane kubantu abadala ekwindla, nasentwasahlobo nasekuqalekeni kwehlobo - izinyoni ezinonyaka owodwa (wekhalenda lesi-2) ezivela kwabadala.

Vota. Ingoma ayifani kakhulu ku-tempo nevolumu, ama-troll ahlanzekile angasho lutho angena ekushayweni okungamanyala okuyi-indistinct, ngamanothi we- "metallic" noma acishe afune ukumemeza. Ayinaso isikhathi esithile, ingahle ibe nomsinga wokukhononda ngokuqhubekayo wemisindo, imishwana eminingi yesikhathi esifushane ifakwa phakathi kwezikhathi ezingefani. Iningi licula ngokucophelela nangokubonakalayo kusihlwa, lapho izinyoni zasemini zithula, ngalesi sikhathi owesilisa uvame ukucula esihlahleni. Bangacula ebusuku. Kwesinye isikhathi izingoma ezimfushane zihlabelelwa ngabesifazane. Izimpawu zokukhathazeka nesifiso esijwayelekile siyahlehla “teak», «phawula umkhaza», «tk-tk-tk"Kanye nekhwela elicashile"siip"noma"tsii».

Isimo Sokusabalalisa. Cishe yonke i-Europe, iMedithera, ukuya empumalanga, uhla lufika cishe eSifundeni Esishubile. Kuvamile kakhulu emiphakathini eminingi yeRussia YaseYurophu ukusuka emahlathini ama-steppe ukuya kwi-taiga yasenyakatho. Kuyathutha, kepha eningizimu yendawo ehlathini ezinye izinyoni zingahlala ebusika. Ubusika eningizimu yeYurophu, enyakatho ye-Afrika, eCaucasus, eduze nolwandle lwaseBlack naseCaspian, eMiddle East.

Indlela yokuphila. Ifika yodwa ngo-Ephreli, enyakatho - ekuqaleni noma maphakathi noMeyi. Kuhlala amahlathi ahlukahlukene, okungcono okuxubene, okunomswakama, okuminyene, okunamakha angaphansi omhlaba nokugcotshwa komhlaba. Isidleke sivame ukutholakala emhlabathini ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwamaqabunga awileyo, iziqu ze-mossy, i-brashi, isihlahla esiminyene noma isihlahla sikaKhisimusi. Kwesinye isikhathi kwakha izidleke eziphakeme ngaphezu komhlaba emigodini noma phakathi kwezimpande ekuguqukeni.

Isidleke sinokubonakala kwesitsha cishe sakhiwa ngotshani, amaqabunga, ama-moss, izimpande, imicu ye-bast. Ugqoko luboshwe ngokufana, kepha okuthambile kutholakala ngokufakwa koboya, imicu yezitshalo ezithambile, inani elincane lezinsiba. Ku-clutch kunamaqanda ama-5-7, umbala wawo uphuzi ompunga noma omphuzi omhlophe, ogqamile uhlaza. Amachashazi mancane, aqinile noma ansundu, noma esikhundleni salokho amachashazi amancane ngendlela yokufafaza ngeqanda noma ngaphezulu ekugcineni. Owesifazane kuphela ofaka i-clutch izinsuku eziyi-12-16, owesilisa uyondla. Bazali bondla amachwane esidlekeni izinsuku eziyi-12 kuya kwezingu-15 futhi cishe isonto seliphumile. Amabili ngababili ngisho nasenyakatho yebanga isidleke kabili phakathi ehlobo.

Ukuhamba kuqala ekuqaleni kwehlobo futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube sekwindla, kanti izinyoni ngazinye zingatholakala ekuqaleni kobusika. Fuduka ebusuku. Imfoloko iqoqana ezihlahleni nasezihlahleni, futhi ikakhulukazi emhlabeni, idla izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, izicabucabu, izibungu ezincane, izintwala zokhuni nezinye izidalwa ezingenamsoco. Ngokuzithandela udla amajikijolo nembewu.

I-Ara parrot

Ukuchazwa kwenyoni

UZaryanka (bangamarobhothi, amadabha nama-alders) yiThumbelina yangempela: isisindo sawo singamagremu ayi-16-16 kuphela futhi ubude bomzimba waso buyi-15-16 cm. Ngaphansi kokubukeka kwesizotha kwale nyoni, ithalente langempela lomculi lifihlekile - abantu abadala banelizwi le-chic elingancintisana yebo ubusuku.

I-plumage inombala we-olive-grey - lokhu kusebenza emaphikweni, umsila kanye nomsila. Uthando, ikhanda nesisu kudwetshwe kubomvu. Amehlo nama-iris amnyama. Amawashi ale nyoni mncane kakhulu, kepha ngokumangalisayo alishumi. Ngendlela, iZaryanka ibhekwa njengenyoni enezinyawo ezinde.

Uqhwaku lumnyama futhi lubukhali, luncane ngosayizi.

Ngokuthabisako, ngebanga lamapayiphu amahle, ama-zaryanka abonakala njengamaphasi amancani, agcwele khulu, kodwana lesi ngesakhiwo sethafa kwaphela.

Ukuziphatha nokudla

Irobhothi lidla izinambuzane ezincane, izicabucabu, izimbungulu ezincane, izimbungulu. Ngokuvamile, i-robin ifaka amajikijolo noma imbewu ekudleni kwayo kwansuku zonke.

IZaryanka inyoni ethakazelisa kakhulu ehola eyayo, ngokungafani nenye indlela yokuphila. Le nyoni izingela yodwa, futhi iyakuthanda nokucula ngaphandle kwenkampani. Kodwa i-zaryanka iyinyoni enobungane kakhulu futhi enokuthula - izosondela kumuntu ngaphandle kokwesaba, ingadla ngisho nasezandleni. Kepha ngasizathu simbe ubheka ezinye izinyoni njengezitha zakhe. Imvamisa ama-zaryanka angangena ekulweni, ukuvikela insimu yawo. Iziqhwaga ezinkulu zingabesilisa, kanti abesifazane, kunalokho, mnene futhi banendaba. Kunezimo lapho i-zaryanka yowesifazane inakekela amaphuphu e-cockoo.

Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala

Ama-zaryanka ajwayelekile ahlala eYurophu, eNtshonalanga Siberia, eCaucasus, e-Asia Minor naseNyakatho-Ntshonalanga Afrika. Esimweni sezulu esishisayo, le nyoni ithanda ukuhlala ebusika futhi iphila impilo yokuhlala ngokuphelele.

URobin uthanda ukuhlala eduze nemifula kanye namachibi - angaba ngamapaki, amahlathi ahlanganisiwe, izihlahlana, izingadi zemifino.

Ngenxa yobungani bayo, iZaryanka imvamisa ithola abasizi phakathi kwabantu. Izingane zithanda ukondla le nyoni, ngoba ayesabi ukudla ezandleni.

Ukufuduka noma ubusika

Ukusuka ebusika kuye ebusika, iZaryanka ifudukela emazweni afudumele, njenge-Afrika noma iCaucasus. Le nyoni izizwa ikhululekile kakhudlwana lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kwe-15 degrees.

I-Zaryanka ingeyama-Passeriformes we-oda, umndeni we-flycatchers. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezilandelwayo zama-zaryanka, ongafunda ngazo ngezansi.
IJavanese intaba zaryanyka - ihlala esiqhingini saseJava, e-Indonesia, e-Asia Minor. Le nyoni ihola indlela yokuphila yokuhlala, ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesidingo sokuqhuba indiza ebusika. Lapho imibala yalolu hlobo ifakwa imibala, imibala egqamile. Ngokuvamile, inyakatho ekude ihlala inyoni, umbala wayo ucwazimula kakhulu.

I-Zaryanka enomunwe omnyama noma iRyukyus Nightingale

Ihlala eJapan, eTaiwan, esiqhingini saseRyukyu, esifundeni soLwandle lwaseNingizimu China.

Isici esibonakalayo salokhu okubhalwe phansi kwezinyoni ipulamu emnyama ekhanda kanye namakaki. I-Ryukyu Nightingale ingumnikazi wezwi elihle kakhulu. Uhlalisa endaweni yehlathi.

I-zaryanyka yaseJapan

Kuhlala iziqhingi zaseJapan nesiqhingi sase-Izu. Ihlala naseRussia esiqhingini saseSakhalin naseziqhingini zaseKuril eseningizimu. Ngendlela, le nyoni ifakiwe kwiBhuku eliBomvu leSakhalin futhi ivikelwe indawo yokugcina yaseKurilsky.

Ubude bomzimba wale nyoni buyi-14 cm, isisindo esingu-16 amagremu. Kulesi zinhlobo, i-dimorphism yezocansi kuthiwa. Owesilisa ungumnikazi wombala onsomi omnyama, isisu siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti insikazi iyizwi elinsundu onsundu, ohlelweni lwayo lombala akukho mbala omnyama nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

I-zaryanyka yaseJapan inezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi. Ukwahluka kwabo kusendaweni yokuhlala kuphela.

• Ama-subspecies wokuqala ahlala esiqhingini saseSakhalin, enyakatho yeJapan, eningizimu yeChina, futhi naseRishiri Island.
• I-subspecies yesibili ehlala kulezi ziqhingi: Yakushima, Tanegashima, Izu iziqhingi.
  Umehluko wombala phakathi kokubhaliselwe awubonwa.

Owesifazane nowesilisa

UZaryanka uyinyoni engajwayelekile kakhulu - ukhetha isizungu. Imvamisa awuboni izimbalwa zalezi zinyoni, kodwa owesilisa noma owesimame oyedwa ohleli egatsheni. IZaryanka ayithandi ukukhathaza eyodwa yodwa, ikakhulukazi ngoba ayizibekezeleli izinkampani zezinyoni ezinye. Abesilisa, ekushiseni kokuvikela indawo yabo, bayakwazi ukulwa ngamandla. Ngokudabukisayo, ngaphezu kwe-10% yalesi zinhlobo iyafa ngenxa yokulwa phakathi kwabo noma nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni.
Mayelana ne-zaryanka yabesifazane, umuntu angasho konke okuhle: onakekelayo, omnene, onomusa. Le nyoni iyakwazi ukukhipha amaphuphu abanye abantu, ngokwesibonelo, izinsana zamakhukhamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insikazi iyodwa inakekela ukwakha isidleke somndeni, owesilisa ukhetha ukucula ingoma ngalesi sikhathi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ubulili obuqinile buhlabelela ngisho kusihlwa, lapho zonke izinyoni zinganakile ukulala.

Abesilisa bathande ukuvelela kukho konke, ngokwesibonelo: ufika kakhulu ngaphambi kowesifazane ngoMashi, nowesifazane ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.

I-Nesting Zaryanok

Isidleke seZaryanki ngaphansi kwezihlahla noma imifantu. Isidleke ngokwaso sinesimo esingahlelekile. AmaZaryanki athande ukuzizwa ephephile, ngakho-ke alandela lo mthetho uma akha indawo yokuhlala - kumele kube nokuthile ngaphezulu: itshe, noma impande eyenziwe ngokhuni, ukuze isidleke simbozwe kubantu bangaphandle.

Ngubani ongayazi i-zaryanka? Kunezinganekwane ngale ngoma, bayichaza ezincwadini futhi bayikhumbula ngezingoma. UZaryanka uyintandokazi yabantu abaningi, ngoba unikeza ingoma eyingqayizivele.

Uma uzothola lesi sidalwa esihle, esinemibala, khona-ke uyazi - i-zaryanka inomusa kakhulu, ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nemibandela.
UZaryanka ujwayela ngokushesha ukudingiswa. Kunzima ukukholelwa, kepha kunyoni, ikheji lizoba yizimo ezifanele zokuphila. Iqiniso ngukuthi kaningi kakhulu, ama-zaryanka ahlupheka ngenxa yokuthi inyamazane yama-lasa inyamazane eminingi. Izimpungushe, izidleke, amakati asendle, ama-ermines, ama-martens, ama-petting - zonke lezi zilwane zidla ama-zaryanka, ngaphezu kwalokho, ziphula izidleke zalo. Ekudingisweni - UZaryanka akakwazi konke lokhu futhi uzobe ephephile.

Isidingo seseli

Ukulungiswa, kungcono ukhethe iseli elijwayelekile elenziwe ngensimbi noma ngokhuni. Beka indlu yezinyoni endaweni enelanga - lokhu kuzokhuthaza inyoni ukuthi icule.
Ekhaya ,fuya kahle. Umqondo uthatha izinsuku eziyi-14. Bobabili abazali bayabopha. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amachwane azalwa engenabala. Cishe amasonto amabili, amaphuphu angaphansi kokuqashwa ngokucophelela kwabazali bawo. Imizamo yokuqala yokuthatha indawo yenzeka ngosuku lwamashumi amabili ngemuva kokuzalwa, futhi ngemuva kwenyanga amachwane afana nezinyoni ezindala futhi angashiya isidleke.

Amaqiniso Ahehayo

1. URobin yinyoni ezimangazayo: ayithandi inkampani yezinyoni, kodwa izizwa ikhululekile kakhulu eduze komuntu.
2. Inyoni ayithandi indawo evulekile, iyathanda ukuhlala emahlathini nasezihlahleni.
3. E-UK, iZaryanka inyoni ehlonishwa kakhulu. Imvamisa kwizitembu zesiNgisi ungabona isithombe sale nyoni, ngoba iwuphawu lweGreat Britain.
4. Ezingxabanweni phakathi kwabo, cishe i-10% le-zaryanok liyafa.
5. Le nyoni yathola igama layo elimnandi ngenxa yokucula kwasekuqaleni - ama-zaryanka ahlabelela ngokuvela kokusa kokuqala. Kwesinye isikhathi inyoni izwakala kusihlwa.
6. Inganekwane ijikeleza phakathi kwabantu, kube sengathi ama-zaryanka ayekhulekwe yiNkosazana uMariya ngokuzalwa kukaJesu - waqoqa izinto zokwenza umlilo, futhi wasekela ilangabi lakhe ngamaphiko - ngakho-ke indawo yakhe ebomvu inendawo ebomvu.
7. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ama-zaryanka anawo wonke amathuba okuphila isikhathi eside ekudingisweni, kodwa endaweni yemvelo asengozini.