I-Hammerhead - inyoni engowomndeni wakwaHammerheads. Ihlala e-Afrika engaseningizimu yeSahara, kanye naseMadagascar nasezindaweni ezisogwini eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeNhlonhlo yase-Arabia. IHabitat - amaxhaphozi, amasoseji, amahlathi, amasimu erayisi aniselwe. Lolu hlobo luphila impilo yokuhlala. Kwesinye isikhathi kuthuthelwa ezindaweni ezifanele kakhulu ngesikhathi semvula. Ngokushesha igcwalisa indawo eseduze namachibi amasha nemisele eyenziwe ngabantu. Lolu hlobo lunezincazelo ezi-2. Umuntu uhlala emazweni ashisayo ase-Afrika, eMadagascar nase-Arabia. Elesibili lizikhethele umucu osogwini osuka eSierra Leone uye e-East Nigeria.
Ukubukeka
Isilinganiso somzimba esijwayelekile singama-56 cm, kanti isisindo esijwayelekile singama-470 g. Ikhanda linomlomo omude futhi li-wide crest, futhi konke lokhu kuhlangene kubukeka njengesando. Kungakho igama lenyoni. I-plumage i-brown-brown nge-tints onsomi onsomi ngemuva. Le nyoni inezinyawo ezihlangene nengxenye. Umsila umfishane futhi amaphiko makhulu, abanzi futhi anesimo esiyindilinga. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ukhuphuke kancane emoyeni. Ayikho i-dimorphism yezocansi, okungukuthi, abesilisa nabesifazane babukeka ngokufana. Abamele izinhlobo zezilwane ngenkathi indiza ingenza imisindo yokubhoboza ifane nokuhleka. Kepha isikhathi esiningi bathula. Kuphela ngamaqembu amakhulu aziphatha ngomsindo omkhulu.
Ukuzala
Okuphawuleka kakhulu kwama-hammerheads izidleke ezinkulu. Ububanzi bawo bungadlula amamitha ayi-1.5, futhi aqine kangangokuba angamelana nesisindo somuntu omdala. Imvamisa, isakhiwo esinjalo sakhiwa ngemfoloko esihlahleni ngaphezulu kwamanzi. Kepha uma kungekho ndawo efanelekile, khona-ke isidleke sakhiwa ogwini, edwaleni, edamini noma ngokuqondile emhlabathini. Okokuqala, ipulatifomu yenziwa ngezinduku futhi yaqiniswa ngobumba. Ngemuva kwalokho kwakhiwa izindonga nophahla oludaluliwe. Umnyango onobubanzi obungu-13-18 cm wenziwa ezansi kwesakhiwo endaweni yesikhulumi. Ukusuka kuwo kunomhubhe ongafika ku-60 cm.Uphetha ngekhamera lapho kubekwa khona abazali namachwane.
E-clutch kukhona amaqanda amathathu kuya kwayi-7. Isikhathi sokufuduka sithatha izinsuku ezingama-28- 30. Ngasikhathi sinye, bobabili abazali bafaka amaqanda nabo. Izinyoni ezindala zingashiya amantshontsho ebanjiwe zodwa isikhathi eside, ngoba izidleke zithembeke kakhulu.Amachwane afaka inyanga yonke, bese eshiya isidleke izinsuku ezingama-44-50 zokuphila, kepha abuyele kuso ngezikhathi ezithile ezinye izinyanga ezi-2. IHammerhead iyinyoni ethandwa kakhulu e-Afrika, ngenxa yezidleke zayo ezingajwayelekile. Ezinye izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane zihlala esakhiweni esilahliwe. Kepha abaniniyo bavame ukubuya, bakhiphe izivakashi ezingamenyiwe futhi basebenzise isidleke esifanayo.
Izici zeHammerhead neHabitat
Hammerhead bird ngosayizi ophakathi, ubukeka ofana kakhulu ne-heron. Uqhwaku nemilenze yakhona ubude baphakathi. Iphiko lenyoni lifinyelela kuma-30 kuye kwangama-33 cm. Ubukhulu bomzimba waso buyi-40-50 cm, kanti isisindo salo esimaphakathi ngu-400-500 g.
Embala we-plumage, amathoni ansundu agqamile, ahlukaniswa ngobukhulu bawo nokuthamba kwawo. Uqhwaku olunezinwele luqondile, lumnyama, izinyawo zombala ofanayo. I-crest yayo ibonakale igobile futhi icindezelwe ezinhlangothini. IHholo lokwahlulela nge Incazelo kaHammerhead ukhonza i-crest yakhe, izimpaphe zayo ziqondiswe emuva kwekhanda.
Izinyawo zenyoni ziqinile, iminwe yinde ngobude obuphakathi, okuwasondeza kakhulu kuma-ciconiiformes. Emilenzeni emithathu yangaphambili yenyoni, ulwelwesi oluncane lubonakala kahle. Ngaphansi kwecala lomunwe ongaphambili, kubonakala sengathi isibuko esifana nesigaxa sezimonyo siyabonakala.
Lapho inyoni indiza, intamo yayo yelula, yakha ukugoba okuncane. Intamo ngokuvamile inamandla amangalisayo okuthatha futhi ukwelula emzimbeni. Inobude obumaphakathi.
Owesifazane akanazimpawu ezihlukile kusukela kowesilisa, noma kuqhubeke isithombe sesando empilweni yangempela ayinakuhlukaniswa. Lezi zinyoni ziphila impilo esebenzayo ebusuku noma kusihlwa. Ngakho-ke, zivame ukubizwa nangokuthi ama-shadow herons.
AmaHammerheads ahlala e-Afrika, eningizimu yeSahara, eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Arabia naseMadagascar. Bathanda izindawo ezinamamaki, izindawo eziseduzane nemifula egeleza kancane namathanga.
Ukwakha izidleke zazo ezinkulu eziqinile, lezi zinyoni zisebenzisa amagatsha, amaqabunga, i-brashi, utshani nokunye okuphathelene nalokhu. Konke lokhu kufakwe nge-sludge noma umquba. Ububanzi besidleke bungasukela kumamitha ayi-1.5 kuye kwayi-2. Isakhiwo esinjalo singabonakala singaphakeme kakhulu ezihlahleni. Isidleke siqukethe amakamelo amaningana.
Le nyoni ifihla kahle ukungena kwayo futhi yenze kube ngasohlangothini lwesakhiwo, kwesinye isikhathi iba yincane kangangokuba inyoni iyakwazi ukufika ekhaya nobunzima obukhulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ikhanda lesando, licindezela amaphiko alo ngokucophelela. Ngakho-ke, le nyoni iyazivikela yona nenzalo yayo ezitheni ezingase zibe khona.
Kuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa ukwakha isidleke sezando. Lezi zakhiwo ngezinye zezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu e-Afrika. Futhi hhayi kuphela ngaphandle. Izinyoni zihlobisa ikhaya labo nangaphakathi.
Yonke indawo lapho ubona khona amabhulashi amahle kanye nezihlahlana. Ungabona ukwakheka okunjalo emthini owodwa. Amabili lalezi zinyoni athembekile komakhelwane bawo.
Umlingiswa weHammerhead nendlela yokuphila
Lezi zinyoni zizama ukuhlala ikakhulu ngoyedwa. Imvamisa, ngababili bayabonakala phakathi kwabo. Ayikho iphethini kulokhu. Kaningi, zitholakala emanzini angajulile, lapho ungazitholela khona ukudla.
AmaHammers ayazulazula, bezama ukwethusa izakhamizi ezincane zamachibi ukuze zijabulele kamuva. Ipulatifomu enhle ngesikhathi sokuzingela ingemuva lemvubu.
Ukuze uphumule, izando zesando zitholakala kakhulu ezihlahleni. Ngokukhishwa kokudla, bakhetha ikakhulukazi isikhathi sobusuku. Ngisho nabantu bangaba nomona wabo. Amabhangqa adalwe phakathi kwalezi zinyoni athwala ukwethembeka komunye nomunye empilweni yonke.
Azinamahloni, kepha ngokucophelela. Abanye babo bavumela nokuthi bazishaye bona. Isibindi esinjalo sisebenziseka ikakhulu kulezi zinyoni ezihlala eduze kwabantu. Ekufuneni nasekukhishweni kokudla, ama-hammerheads abonisa ukuphikelela okungakaze kubonwe nokuba nenkani. Bangakwazi ukujaha inyamazane isikhathi eside baze bazitholele ezabo. Lezi zinyoni zihlabelela kahle kakhulu nangomculo, zenza imisindo "vit" - "vit".
Amandla weHammerhead
Ukuze uhambe uyofuna amalungiselelo ama-Hammers khetha isikhathi sobusuku. Yebo, futhi ngokuvamile indlela yokuphila yasebusuku abayithandayo. Ntambama bazama ukuphumula.
Izinyoni zithanda ukudla kwezilwane. Ngenjabulo badla izinhlanzi ezincane nama cr craceans. Kusetshenziswa izinambuzane kanye nama-amphibians, izinyoni ezithusa ikakhulukazi lapho zihamba.
Ukubhebhetheka
Hammers (I-Scopus umbretta) uhlala e-Afrika, usuka eSierra Leone naseSudan uye eningizimu yezwekazi, kanye naseMadagascar nasePhalamende lase-Arabian, kodwa, ngokusobala, alikho maningi yonke indawo. Lezi zinyoni zithanda izindawo eziphansi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zitholakala enkabeni ye-Abyssinia eziqongweni ezifika ku-3000 m.
Ukuziphatha, indlela yokuphila
Imifula enenkambo ezolile, ogwini olunosilika nezixhaphozi yindawo yokuhlala eyintandokazi yama-hammerheads. Bahlala bodwa noma ngababili, bathandana bodwa, bakhetha ukuhlala nomlingani oyedwa impilo yabo yonke.
Kepha izihlobo nezinye izinyoni azinamahloni, zinobungane. Abahambi abaningi bathatha izithombe ezihlekisayo zezinyoni ezihlekisayo ezihleli ngemuva kwama-hippos ababesebenzisa "amapulatifomu" ebanzi ukuhambela emanzini nokudoba. AmaHippos ahlobene ngesizotha nabagibeli abahlanza amagobolondo futhi abambe izinambuzane emizimbeni yabo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Lezi zinyoni zinephimbo elimnandi, imvamisa ziyakhulumisana zize zihlabelele kamnandi.
AmaHammers ayabekezelela abantu.. Uma umbhangqwana uhlala eduze nendawo yokuhlala komuntu, ujwayela umakhelwane futhi uvumele ukuthi uthanjiswe, umvumela ukuba ondle futhi, ngokubonga, isilwane.
Habitat, indawo yokuhlala
Ungahlangana nenyoni emangalisayo eningizimu yehlane laseSahara e-Afrika, kanye naseMadagascar, iNhlonhlo yase-Arabia.
Amanzi aphansi emuva, amanzi angajulile, imishayo engaxutshwe yizindawo ezithandwayo zezando zesando. Kwesinye isikhathi phakathi nosuku, kepha ikakhulukazi kusihlwa noma ebusuku, bazulazula emanzini, bezama ukwethusa izinhlanzi ezingalali, izinambuzane futhi zifuna ama-crustaceans. Emahlathini otshani wasogwini, izinyoni zifuna ama-amphibians, zidla ngenjabulo ubuhlalu namasele, izinyoka. Ntambama, izihlahla ezinomthunzi ziba yindawo yokuphumula nendawo yokukhosela ezingozini. Abesabi umakhelwane wabantu, yize kunjalo bagcina ukuqaphela.
Izitha zemvelo
Izimbungulu azinabungozi kangako, zingaba isisulu esilula kunoma yisiphi isisulu, izilwane kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Basindiswa ukusabela okusheshayo nje futhi okungajwayelekile ezindleleni eziningi zokuhlwa. Ukucasha emthunzini wamagatsha esihlahla, cishe nokuhlangana nemvelo, ama-hammerheads awabonakali kakhulu. Futhi uma bakhela izindlu eduze kwabantu, cishe akukho abangakusaba.
Ukuziphatha Nempilo
AmaHammers adliswa usuku lonke, athathe ikhefu ntambama. Yidla wedwa noma ngababili. Ukudla kufaka ama-amphibians, inhlanzi, i-shrimp, namagundane, izinambuzane. Bafuna inyamazane emanzini angajulile, bagingqe izinyawo zabo phansi. Ngasikhathi sinye, izakhamizi zasemanzini zizithola zikuloluhlu lwamanzi futhi ziyadliwa. Abamele izinhlobo zezilwane bahlala behlala ezihlahleni ezifanayo futhi bazishintsha kakhulu. Yonke imicimbi ibanjwa phakathi kwemikhosi yomshado: basika imibuthano bezungeza omunye ngomunye, bamemeza kakhulu bengavumi, baphakamise izimbotshana zabo, beshaya amaphiko abo. Lezi zinyoni zihlukile ngendlela yazo, futhi indlela yazo yokuziphatha ngezindlela eziningi ayifani nokuziphatha kwezinye izinyoni zemashi.