Inkukhu yokhula wabiza i-bigfoot. Ososayensi bakhombe izinhlobo eziyi-10 zezinkukhu zokhula. Le nyoni ihlala e-Australia, lapho ungahlangana khona nezinqwaba ezingaqondakali nobubanzi obungaba amamitha ayi-15 nokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-6. Lawa ma-incubator ngaphakathi lapho kugcinwa amaqanda enkukhu okhula. Yile nyoni eyakha "izidleke" ezinjalo ezinkulu.
Inkukhu yokhula incane kakhulu - icishe ifane nosayizi wehansi. Le nyoni inemilenze enamandla nenamandla elimba ngayo inhlabathi. Le nyoni cishe ayikaze indize, yize kwenzeka ingozi ingandizela esihlahleni.
Inkukhu yokhula ihlukile ngoba iyona kuphela inyoni engazakhi izidleke futhi ingafaki amaqanda. Izinkukhu zokhula ezingamaduna zimba izimbobo kufinyelela kumitha eyodwa ekujuleni kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-2,5 ububanzi, zithululele udaka olukhulu phezu kwazo lapho insikazi ibekela amaqanda. Udoti uqala ukubola. Kulokhu, kuphuma ukushisa okwenqwaba emqubeni ukuze amachwane aqhamuke emaqandeni.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi inkukhu ebhula ukhula ingalawula amazinga okushisa emqubeni ngokufaka udoti kuyo ukuze ikhulise izinga lokushisa, noma ngokukhipha ingxenye kadoti ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa. Owesilisa unquma amazinga okushisa emqubeni, aphonsa uqhwaku lwawo kuwo.
Isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwe-incubator siqala ngo-Ephreli futhi siphela kuphela ngo-Agasti, lapho kuqala ukuna futhi imfucumfucu iqala ukubola, ikhiphe ukushisa. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinsikazi zibeka amaqanda azo. Abesifazane bazalela amaqanda ambalwa njalo ngesonto. Sekukonke, kunamaqanda angaba ngu-30 ku-clutch, okuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-60 izinkukhu zivele. Izinkukhu zikhethwa ngokuzimele kunenqwaba kadoti futhi ziyakwazi ukuziphilela ngokuzimela.
Izinkukhu zokhula zingobani?
Izinkukhu zokhula, noma amaBigfoots, ziyizinhlobo ezihlukile ukuthi, yize kungezokulandelana kwenkukhu, azihlangene nezezinkomo zendabuko. Izinyoni zenkukhu - izakhamizi zase-Australia kanye neziqhingi zasePacific. Banokubukeka okuhle, ngakho-ke bavame ukufakwa emalokishini abo ngabathandi bamanye amazwe.
Izinyoni zinomzimba we-ellipsoidal noma oval, onemisipha futhi hhayi omkhulu kakhulu, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. IBigfoot ingaba nesisindo kusuka kumagremu angama-700 kuye kuma-2,5 kg, futhi, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Izinkukhu zokhula zinama-plumage aminyene, umbala omnyama, intamo ebomvu enqunu futhi egobile, enentambo enhle "yomgexo" ophuzi.
Izinyoni zinomlomo onamandla futhi obanzi onsundu noma omnyama onsundu, amehlo ekhanyayo agrey, futhi ingaphezulu lekhanda limbozwe nje kancane ngama-bristles a-sparse - mhlawumbe imvelo iqinisekise ukuthi ayizange idlule ngokweqile. I-plumage yezinyoni imnyama, ezindaweni kunezimpaphe ezimnyama ezingwevu, obukhulu futhi obukhulu. Okugqamile "ukugqamisa" - umsila omuhle kakhulu, onjenge fan.
Matriarchy endle
Inqwaba yezinhlobo zezidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni wethu ihlukaniswa iqiniso lokuthi izintokazi zizo ezibhekele inzalo. Futhi abantu basebenzise iqiniso lokuthi ukunakekela izingane ngokuvamile kuwumsebenzi womama.
Ngokwengxenye siphila emphakathini wezinzalamizi, lapho indima yomuntu oqinile, ehlonishwayo, ibalwa khona nabamele abesilisa. Kepha, izintokazi ezinomlenze omkhulu azicabangi kanjalo. Banemibono yabo mayelana nokuba ngumama nempilo yomndeni.
Lawa angomama abangagqokile kakhulu kulo lonke iplanethi, ngoba izinkukhu zokhula esezisemkhakheni wokukhula kombungu zishiya izingane zazo zinakekelwa "obaba", futhi ziphilela ukuzijabulisa kwazo.
Ukuzala
Cabanga ngokuziphatha kwezinkukhu zokhula ngemininingwane eminingi. Kwesikhukhukazi esijwayelekile esisetshenziswayo asigcini nje ngokwenza iziqu kanye nokufakwa ngaphakathi, kepha futhi nokunakekela amazinyane.
- Owesifazane waseBolshenog ubhubhisa lo mbango, ngoba wonke umsebenzi wakhe wokubeletha wehliselwa entweni eyodwa - udinga kuphela ukubeka amaqanda akhe, futhi owesilisa kufanele anakekele konke.
- Owesilisa, noma kunjalo, uqala ukulungiselela ukuvela 'kwezindlalifa' zakhe ezizayo esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokuba inkosikazi yakhe ishiye ukubeka iqanda. Ubaba womndeni ugaxa amahlamvu awile abe yinqwaba enkulu, wakhelela izingane zakhe ikusasa lokuzala.
Ngemuva kokuba izinqubo zokubola ziqale ukufakwa kumgubuzeli osafufusa, owesimame ungena endimeni yakhe - ubeka amaqanda kule nqwaba, ebangeni elithile, futhi esebhekane nomsebenzi wakhe kuphela, ushiya izindaba zezinyoni zakhe, eshiya ubaba wakusasa azowuphatha.
Indoda, nayo, ayihambuki ekufukameleni, imboza amasende ngokucophelela ngamaqabunga awile. Uma amazinga okushisa ehla, ubaba onemibala ukhulisa ungqimba lwamahlamvu, kodwa uma kushisa - kunalokho, ukhipha isixhaxana kancane.
Umama ongenhliziyo
Ngisho nangemva kokuvela kwamachwane, umama ongenhliziyo ngeke anikezele ekunikeni izingane zakhe okungenani ukunakwa okufudumele nokufudumele - konke ukunakekela kokuzinakekela kuwela emahlombe eqhude. Ekuqaleni, amaphuphu awasheshi ukuphuma emqubeni yawo efudumele, kodwa ngemuva kwamahora ayi-10-12, ayaphuma, eqhutshwa umuzwa wokulamba.
Kusukela ngosuku lokuqala bayakwazi ukuhamba futhi bathole nokudla kwabo, okuthe ngemuva kwalokho babuyela kubaba ababalinde eduze kwesidleke, ababuyisele ebusuku. Iqhude ngokungakhathali lihlala lilindile eduze nezindlalifa zalo kuze kube yilapho liqina futhi lingakwazi ukuzinakekela.
Yini amachwane omama abelokhu enza sonke lesi sikhathi? Ubhekene nokusesha ukudla, ukuzijabulisa, ukuzijabulisa kanye nokuhamba ngezindiza, futhi konke lokhu ukwenza ngaphandle kokuzisola okuncane, ngoba amawundlu akhe angaphansi kokuvikelwa okuthembekile.
Izinyoni ezindala ngokwazo zivame ukubanjelwa abazingeli. Kukhona inqwaba yabantu abafuna ukujabulela izidumbu ezimnandi ezinephunga elimnandi, nenyama emnandi, futhi laba akuyona abantu kuphela. Kepha, ngenxa yokukhohliseka kalula, inyoni ihlala inikela ezandleni zomzingeli noma inyamazane, futhi ngaphandle kokuphikiswa.
Ezitolo zokudlela zase-Australia, izitsha zenyama ze-bighorn ziphiwa njengezibiliboco zikazwelonke!
Kepha, ngaphandle kokuthi izinyoni ezikhanyayo kulula kakhulu ukuzibamba, azithathwa njengezinqabile - namuhla asikhulumi ngokunyamalala kwalolu hlobo lwezinkukhu zokhula, kodwa okuphambene nalokho. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha baphawula ukwanda kwesibalo samaBigfoot, futhi konke lokhu kubonga abesilisa abanakekelayo abasondela ngokunethezekile ezindabeni zobunina futhi banakekele inzalo yabo!
Le ndlela uMama weMvelo akhombisa ngayo kithi ukuthi noma iyiphi indlela yokuphila yomndeni inelungelo lokuba khona, uma wonke umuntu enelisekile futhi kungekho ohluphekayo!
Yabelana ngezinto ezihehayo nabangane bakho nabantu abanomqondo ofanayo. Futhi uma ubamba izinkukhu ezifuywayo , lapho-ke kufanele ubhalisele izibuyekezo zethu ukuze ube ngowokuqala ukwazi zonke izindaba zenkukhu.
Inhlanhla nempumelelo kuwe!
Incazelo
Zihlobanise nezinyoni zosayizi abaphakathi. Ubude bomzimba obukhulu babameleli bomndeni wezinhlobo ezihlukile buhlukahluka kusuka ku-28 kuya ku-70 cm, nesisindo somzimba kusuka kuma-500 kuye kwangama-2450 g. I-Chunky, yokwakha aminyene, enekhanda elikhulu, kunalokho imilenze ephakeme, evame ukusikwa isikhathi eside, lezi zinyoni zihamba kahle emhlabathini - zihambe, zigijime . Isidingo esidlulele kuphela esibenza bahambe. Lezi zinyoni zomhlaba zinezimpawu ezinkulu, imilenze eqinile enezinzwane eziqinile nezinwele ezimfishane, ezilugobile.
AmaBigfoots ayisibonelo senhlanganisela yezimo zokuthambekela kwemvelo, ngoba athwala amaqanda amakhulu (aze afike ku-10-15% wesisindo sowesifazane), abesilisa banezitho zomzimba ezibavumela ukuba babone izinga lokushisa emagumbini okufakwa. Banesimo sokuziphatha esiyinkimbinkimbi sokuzalwa, esihambisana, ikakhulukazi, ngokwakhiwa nokulondolozwa kwezinga lokushisa ku-incubator nokuziphatha okuvumayo okuvumela inyoni ukuba isabele ngokushesha ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa ku-incubator.
Umbala uvame ukubencipha. Ekhanda lwezinhlobo ezithile, izindawo zesikhumba ezingenalutho ziyabonakala. Ku-genera eyi-4, iphiko li-eutaxic (inani lezinsiba kanye nezimpaphe ezinkulu zokumboza zivumelana ngokuqinile), ku-genera eyi-3 kuyadayiswa (kunezimpaphe ezengeziwe zokumboza eziphakeme nezangaphansi). Izimpaphe ezi-Steering 12-18.
Izinkukhu zokhula zihola indlela yokuphila yasemhlabeni, zindiza kancane, zihlala endaweni enamahlathi, iningi lazo linombala onsundu noma omnyama, kunezinhlobo ezinamabala amaningi ansundu kanye namabala amhlophe. Fly ngokunqikaza futhi kancane. Bazama ukubalekela ingozi, bacashe emathangeni. Ukudla okuhlukahlukene kwezitshalo nezilwane kusetshenziswa njengokudla emhlabeni.
Ukubhebhetheka
AmaMegapod abonwe kabanzi esifundeni sase-Australia, kubandakanya iziqhingi ezisentshonalanga yePacific, i-Australia, iNew Guinea kanye neziqhingi zase-Indonesia empumalanga yomugqa waseWallace, kanye nesiqhingi sase-Andaman naseNicobar eBay of Bengal. Umndeni onemilenze emikhulu usatshalaliswa eTonga naseVanuatu, eMoluccas, eSulawesi, ePhilippine Islands, eSamoa naseziqhingini zaseBismarck.
Isimo samanje somndeni
Ezinye izinhlobo zemindeni enezinyawo ezinkulu zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa, njengoba abantu bebenomthelela omkhulu ongemuhle kusayizi wabantu ezindaweni ezithile, ngokwesibonelo, eMoluccas (Indonesia). Amaqanda anezinyawo ezinkulu adumile kakhulu phakathi kwezakhamizi eziqhingini zasePapua New Guinea naseSolomon Islands, njengoba zisebenza njengengxenye yokudla nomthombo wemali engenayo. Ukuphishekela ngokweqile amaqanda amasha kuholele ekwehlekeni okukhulu kwezibalo zezinyoni kwezinye iziqhingi zaseNew Guinea. Amakoloni amakhulu anemilenze emikhulu anyamalala ngokuphelele kwamanye amaqembu esiqhingi e-Oceania, njengeFiji, iTonga, neNew Caledonia.
Ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwemibandela eminingana, ezinye izinhlobo zama-megapod zifakiwe kwiNcwadi Ebomvu ye-IUCN futhi ziphakathi kwezinhlobo ezisengozini noma ezisengcupheni. Izinhlobo ezine zibhalwe eNcwadini ebomvu njengezinhlobo ezisengcupheni ezinobungozi obukhulu bokuqothuka endle esikhathini esimaphakathi. Izinhlobo eziyisithupha zama-megapod zifakiwe esigabeni esisengcupheni. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ezinhlotsheni eziningi, ezithathwa njengezisengozini encane yokuqothulwa, ngoba aziweli kunoma yisiphi isigaba, kuyabonakala ukwehla kwesibalo sabantu.
Indaba
Ama-Megapods abhekwa njengokuziphendukela kwemvelo okuqala kakhulu kwezinyoni ze-galliform, okhokho bazo abahlala kuzo njengamanje. Amarekhodi ezinsalela zakuqala zamandulo ayivelakancane, kodwa futhi ngokususelwa kulawa marekhodi angavamile, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zathola ukusatshalaliswa kwazo eCentral Australia kuya eLate Oligocene (eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-26- 24 edlule). Iningi lamaphaphu lingelePleistocene. Izinhlobo eziningi zeziqhingi zacekeleka phansi ngenxa yezilwane ezincelisayo, futhi nangemva nje kweziqhingi zitholakele ngabantu. Izinyoni zeShrub zaba izisulu ezivame kakhulu. Ososayensi babuye bathola ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu zama-megapods, ahluke ngokuphelele ezinhlotsheni zanamuhla eFiji futhi, mhlawumbe, eNew Caledonia. E-Australia, ngaleso sikhathi, kwakukhona i-megapod enkulu Progura gallinacea.
Isibonelo esidala kakhulu se-megapod yiLate Oligocene (26- 24 Ma) etholakala enyakatho-mpumalanga yeSouth Australia (Boles & Ivison 1999). Kwakuchazwa ingxenye etholakele yesikhumba (ithambo lonyawo). Ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi lezi kwakuyizingxenye zesilwane esikhulu, kepha kwase kuvela ukuthi kwakuyinyoni encane (njengogwaca omkhulu), okwathiwa kuyinhlobo yeLatagallina naracoortensis.
IBolshenogov yokuqala okukhulunywa ngayo emisebenzini yayo, u-Antonio Pigafetta (1491-1534), ongumcwaningi wase-Italy nososayensi owabamba iqhaza kulolu hambo lomhlaba noluzungeza umhlaba lukaMagellan. Owesibili wayengudokotela ohlinzayo nososayensi uJohn Latham (Latham 1821), owayesebenza nomuntu owomisiwe oyinyoni futhi engazi lutho ngama-megapods bukhoma. Intamo engenalutho nomlomo omncane osontekile wesampuli ebhekene nososayensi yamcindezela kulokho ayekubiza ngokuthi yinyoni i-New Holland Vulture. Ngokwemithetho yencazelo yesayensi, igama elilodwa elivamile lalinganele ukuthi izinhlobo ezintsha zamukelwe ngokusemthethweni, ngoba igama lesayensi elakhiwe ngendlela efanele laliphoqelekile. U-Leytem wabe esehlinzeka ngegama elisha elijwayelekile - i-Alectura, kodwa akazange asithole isikhathi sencazelo ethile yezinhlobo (Latham 1824). Isazi sezilwane saseBrithani u-Edward Grey sahlanza ngokusemthethweni igama lalezi zinhlobo ngonyaka we-1831 (Grey, 1831) futhi savuma umsebenzi owenziwe uLeitham, waqamba le nyoni egameni lakhe: I-Alectura lathami.
Ikhophi lesithathu lama-megapods ase-Australia, iMacrocephalon, lachazwa ngonyaka we-1840 yisazi esidumile se-ornithologist uJohn Gould emsebenzini obanzi weZinyoni zase-Australia (Gould, 1840). Iphethini eyakha isisekelo segama yatholwa ngumqoqi uJohn Gilbert eNtshonalanga Australia. Abantu bendawo batshele uHilbert ukuthi lezi zinyoni azizingeli amaqanda, kepha bakhe izinqwaba ezinkulu zamaqabunga, amagatsha notshani ukuze kuzalwe amathole. Ngokwalo lwazi, uGould wanikeza inyoni igama elijwayelekile elithi Leipoa, okusho ukuthi "inyoni ishiya amaqanda ayo."
Obani abangabulala ukhula
Isici esiyingqayizivele senkukhu yokhula iyindlela engajwayelekile yokuzala - ayizibeki amaqanda. Ngemuva kokwenqaba ukufukamela, abamele izinhlobo zalezi zinhlobo bajwayela ukuzala ngokuzifaka kuma-incubator, abazibeka ngokwawo.
Chaza kafushane abamele le nhlobo ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- kunabantu abanesitoko
- ube nombala othambile,
- zinama-paws aqinile futhi aphezulu,
- ezinye izingxenye zekhanda azinayo i-plumage,
- ube nomsila omude,
- zibukeka njengama-turkeys ngokubukeka
- isisindo singasukela ku-500 g kuya ku-2 kg.
Indawo yokuhlala ye-Habitat nendlela yokuphila yenkukhu yokhula
Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo ye-bigfoot itholakala empumalanga esemhlabeni yomhlaba, futhi isuka eziqhingini zaseNicabar iye ePhilippines, iqhubekele engxenyeni eseningizimu ye-Australia, futhi iphela eSoutheast Central Polynesia.
Izinkukhu zokhula, ngaphambi kokuvuthwa, ziphila impilo zodwa emahlathini. Futhi ikakhulukazi emhlabathini, thatha kuphela uma kwenzeka ubhekene nengozi, hhayi phezulu futhi esihlahleni esiseduze, isihlahla, imvama nje ubalekela emahlathini zezihlahla zokucasha ekujuleni.
Izinkukhu zihlangana ngamaqembu amancane ngesikhathi sokuzalela. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwezinkukhu nendawo ezihlala kuyo, kubekwa isikhathi esihlukile sesikhathi sokuzala.
Le nqubo yinde futhi idinga umzamo omningi, ngasesandleni sowesifazane nowesilisa. ENew Guinea nakwezinye iziqhingi, lapho izifudumezi zinomklamo owenziwe lula nobukhulu obuncane, inqubo yokubeka iqanda ithatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezine.
Kufanekisa inkukhu ekhula e-Australia
Okukhulu Izinkukhu zokhula zase-Australia, izithombo zokugcina izithombo - izifakelo zakhiwa ngezinga elikhulu, kanti ubude bokubumbeka bufika ezinyangeni ezi-4 kuye kweziyi-6. Ngemuva kokuthi ukubekwa kuqedwe endaweni ephephile, inqubo yokuvuthwa kweqanda iyaqala. Uma kunikezwe ukuguquguquka kwezimo zezulu kanye nokushisa kwangaphakathi kwe-incubator, ukuze amachwane angakwazi ukubopha ngokuphepha, kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-50 kuye kwezingama-80.
Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, kuzalwa okusha izinkukhu ezikhipha ukhula. Ngemuva kokuba iphupho selishiyile i-nest-greenhouse, lishiyelwa kumadivayisi alo, futhi kuzofanele lizifundele ngokuzimela ukuthi lingakuthola kanjani ukudla, ukundiza, ukucasha ezitheni nakweminye imithetho yempilo.
Bona ukuthi "Umndeni wokhula wezinkukhu" likuphi kwezinye izichazamazwi:
Umndeni weBigfoot, noma ukhula Hens (Megapodiidae) - Izinkukhu zokhula ziyizinyoni ezingafani nalutho, ezahluke kakhulu hhayi kuphela kusiyinkukhu yonke, kepha futhi kuzo zonke ezinye izinyoni ngesimo sokuzala. Abazakhi izidleke (ngomqondo ojwayelekile), musa ukufukamela ama-clutch futhi bangondli amaphuphu. Noma kunjalo ... I-Biological Encyclopedia
ukhula izinkukhu - ((izinyawo ezinkulu), umndeni wezinyoni neg. izinkukhu. Kufaka nezinhlobo eziyi-10 16 ezihlala e-Australia naseziqhingini ezisenyakatho yayo. Ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni, azifaki i-clutch yazo, kepha amachwane axhonywa ku "incubators": zimba amaqanda ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary
Izikhukhukazi ezinezinyawo ezinkulu - izinkukhu zokhula (Megapodiidae), umndeni wezinyoni we-oda yenkukhu. Imilenze ithuthukiswe kakhulu (yingakho igama). Izinhlobo ezingama-7, kubandakanya nezinhlobo eziyi-12. Kuthunyelwe kusuka eziqhingini zaseNicobar nasePhilippines kuya e-Australia naseziQhingini zaseFiji. Amaqanda (amakhulu kakhulu) hhayi ... ... I-Great Soviet Encyclopedia
I-BIG CHICKENS - (ukhula izinkukhu), umndeni wezinyoni neg. inyama yenkukhu. Imilenze ithuthukiswe kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziyi-12, e-Australia naseziqhingini zasePacific ziqonde. Amaqanda angcwatshwa ngenqwaba yesihlabathi noma izimbobo zokubola ... Isayensi yemvelo. Isichazamazwi se-encyclopedic
izinkukhu ezinkulu ezinyaweni - (Izinkukhu zokhula), umndeni wezinyoni zohlobo lwezinkukhu. Imilenze ithuthukiswe kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziyi-12 e-Australia naseziqhingini zasePacific. Amaqanda angcwatshwa ngezinqwaba zesihlabathi noma ezitshalweni ezolile. * * * IZIKHALAZO ZAMAHHALA AMAHLE
I-BIG CHICKENS - izinkukhu zokhula (Megapodiidae), umndeni wenkukhu. Ngoba 25 cm cm.7 genera, Izinhlobo eziyi-12, eVost. I-Indonesia, iPolynesia, eNtsha. IGuinea ne-Australia. Abakhileyo eTropiki. amahlathi nezihlahla. Amaqanda awashisi. Abanye, njengofudu, baphonsa amaqanda abo ... ... Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary
I-BIG CHICKENS - (Izinkukhu zokhula) umndeni wezinyoni ze-oda lezinkukhu. Imilenze ithuthukiswe kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziyi-12, e-Australia naseziqhingini zasePacific ziqonde. Amaqanda angcwatshwa ngezinqwaba zesihlabathi noma ezitshalweni ezibozayo ... I-Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
I-Bigfoot - I-Shrubby bigfoot ... I-Wikipedia
I-AUSTRALIA. ISENZO - UKWAKHIWA KWESIMANGALISO I-Australia iyizwe elinomhlaba ongafani nhlobo. Kusukela izinqubo zokwakhiwa kwezintaba phakathi nezikhathi ezimbalwa zokugcina zomhlaba zazingasebenzi njengakwamanye amazwe amaningi, izintaba ezakhiwa ngesikhathi ... ...
I-AUSTRALIA - 1) I-Australia Union, isifundazwe. Igama elithi Australia (Australia) ngendawo engxenyeni yezwe lase-Australia, lapho kutholakala khona indawo engaphezulu kwe-99% yendawo yombuso. Kusukela ngekhulu le-18 ukuba ne-UK. Okwamanje kungumbumbano weNhlangano Yezwe lase-Australia ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia
Ukuzala nokondla inkukhu yokhula
Kudla inkukhu ukudla Ukudla okutholakala emhlabathini - imbewu ikalwe ngezithelo eziwile, abazithola inemilenze eqinile, amahlamvu kanye notshani obolile, noma ukuqhekeza iziqu ezibolile.
AmaBigfoots nawo adla izinambuzane namanye ama-invertebrates amancane. Ngesinye isikhathi umuntu angabona ukuthi kanjani ukhula udla inkukhu Izithelo ezintsha ngokuqondile ezivela kumagatsha esihlahla.
Inyama yenkukhu enokhula inokunambitheka okuhle, futhi amaqanda makhulu, anomsoco, acebile ngo-yolk. Kodwa-ke, abazingeli badubula le nyoni ngamanani amancane kakhulu. Umonakalo omningi wenziwa imichilo lapho izidleke zonakalisiwe. Kepha akekho noyedwa osongela abantu abanezinyawo ezinkulu, okuncane kakhulu ukunyamalala kwabo ohlwini lwabamele iziloba zase-Australia, ngokwesibonelo.
Abantu bendawo abasebenzisani nokufuya nokufuya kwalezi zinyoni eziyinqaba. Iqiniso elihehayo: Izinsiza zesimo sezulu zaseNew South Wales zisebenzisa imikhuba yazo ukwenza izibikezelo.
Inesithombe sokhula i-maleo yenkukhu
Isembozo semvelo
Umsebenzi wezinsikazi walolu hlobo uncishiswa kuphela ekwenzeni ubumbono, owesilisa uthatha izibopho ezisele. Yonke inqubo ifaka lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ngaphambi kokuqala ukufuduka, owesilisa kufanele alungiselele isishushubezi. Ukuze enze lokhu, uqoqa amaqabunga awile esiqwini bese akha insana yezingane ezizayo.
- Ngemuva kokuba amahlamvu eqale ukubola, insikazi kufanele ifeze indima yayo - ifaka amaqanda.
- Emva kwalokhu, insikazi ishiya incubator, kuthi owesilisa aqhubeke nokunakekela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo: iqinisekisa ukuthi amaqanda ahlala efudumele, engeza amaqabunga noma enza ungqimba lwawo lube lubonda lapho lufudumala.
IBigfoot, ukhula izinkukhu
Umndeni wokhula une-genera eminingana. AmaShrub hens (genus Megapodius) ahlukaniswa yiqiniso lokuthi ahlangana neqembu lonke labesilisa lokwakhiwa kwe-incubator, futhi umphumela wokusebenza kwabo "yihostela" kuze kube ngamamitha ayi-10-11 ukuphakama.
Inkukhu enkulu enonyawo olukhulu lweMollusk (i-Eulipoa wallacei) nenkukhu ebukeka ngamehlo (Leipoa ocellata) ziyizinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu (ezifika ku-1.5 kg), ezihola indlela yokuphila yodwa. Inkukhu enokhula ye-Ocellated ihlala endaweni eshisayo engxenyeni eyihlane nasentshonalanga ye-Australia. Indlela yakhe yokuphila yiyona efundwa kakhulu. Abesilisa balolu hlobo bamatasa ngokwakhiwa nokulungiswa kwe-"incubators" yabo cishe unyaka wonke. Esikhathini esomile, ngo-Ephreli, iqhude likhipha umgodi omkhulu - ubukhulu lifinyelela kumamitha ayi-5, ngokujulile - ngokwesilinganiso esingu-0.5 m, futhi ukuphakama kwenqwaba yamaqabunga angcwatshwe emgodini kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5. Obaba abanakekelayo baqoqa amaqabunga cishe lonke ihlobo . Ekupheleni kwesizini, kuqala imvula, amaqabunga ayaba manzi bese aqala ukubola. Ngemuva kwalokho owesilisa ulala amaqabunga abola ngesendlalelo sesihlabathi esingama-30-40 cm. Ngaphandle kokuthola umoya, ukubola kuya ngokuya kukhula, izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngokushesha. Kepha kuphela lapho ifinyelela ku-34 ° C (endaweni ethile ngo-Agasti-Septhemba) lapho owesilisa evumela insikazi ukuba ibeke iqanda lokuqala egumbini elikhethekile lezidleke maphakathi maphakathi nenqwaba. Sekukonke, inkukhu ibekela amaqanda afinyelela kuma-25-30 - ngokuvalwa kwezinsuku ezi-4. Kepha uma isimo sezulu sihle, futhi sibi kakhulu - kunemvula, owesilisa akasoze avula izidleke futhi ngeke avume nonina ukuthi aye ku-incubator. Kumelwe nje ulahle iqanda elibekwe phezu komhlaba, ngaleyo ndlela ulilahle ngokufa. Kepha iqhude lokhula lokhula alinendaba nhlobo. Okukhathalela kwakhe kakhulu amaqanda aku-incubator. Futhi insikazi ezinsukwini ezi-4 izobuya futhi ibeke iqanda futhi. Uma isimo sezulu sithuthuka, kufanele ungene egumbini lokudlela.
Isikhathi sokufakwa ngaphakathi siyizinyanga ezi-2. Izinkukhu zibambe futhi ziphume endlini yodaka ngokuzimele futhi ngokwahlukana kwezinsuku ezingama-4-8. Umama akaboni ngisho nezinkukhu zakhe, futhi nobaba ngokusobala uyabona, ngoba ujikeleza isithambisi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kepha akanaki nje. Inqubo ibalulekile kuye.
Amakati abhekene nobunzima. Kuthatha amahora amabili kuya kwayi-15 ukugaya inhlabathi ecishe ibe yimitha. Futhi akuwona wonke umuntu ongawenza umsebenzi onjalo - ezinye izinkukhu ziyafa zingakaze zilibone ilanga. Kakhulu ngokungathandeki kulabo abaphume bayobamba ngezinsuku ezishisa kakhulu, lapho iqhude, ukuvikela ubumbano ekushisweni ngokweqile, kufafaza ungqimba oluhle lwesihlabathi phezulu. Lawo amachwane afinyelela ebusweni, abaleka ngokushesha ayocasha emahlahleni aseduze. Usuku lonke bayaphola futhi baphumule, bese beqala impilo yokuzimela, bebodwa. Futhi yini enye okusamele yenziwe nabazali abanjalo? Inkukhu yokugcina, njengomthetho, ishiya isidleke sayo esingaphansi komhlaba ngo-Ephreli. Futhi-ke inkukhu yeduna eyinamehlo, iphumule kancane, iqala ukulungiselela isizini elandelayo yokuzalanisa. Sidinga ukwakha indlu entsha yamaqanda amasha. Nakhu impilo ematasa kangaka.
Ngenkathi amaqanda eku-incubator, iqhude alishiyi usuku. Uhlala eduze nesixuku, udle khona lapho, ulala khona kanye kumagatsha alenga phezu kwalesi “sidleke”. Uvuka ekuseni futhi ngokushesha aqale ukusebenza. Iyakhulula futhi ithulule isihlabathi, kuya ngesimo sezulu kanye namazinga okushisa ngaphakathi kwenqwaba, okuyihlola njalo ngensimbi yayo ebuhlungu. Inkukhu eyokhula insikazi ayinasindwa nakancane ngokunakekela inzalo. Umsebenzi wakhe kuphela ukubekela amaqanda.
Inkukhu ingenye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezijwayelekile zezinkukhu. Ungowomndeni we-pheasant, uhlobo lwezikhukhukazi ezihlanganisiwe. Inkukhu yeduna ibizwa ngeqhude, inkukhu ibizwa ngokuthi inkukhu. Umsunguli wenkukhu efuywayo uthathwa njengenkukhu yenkukhu yasebhange. Kuyo yonke inkathi yeminyaka yokubusa, abantu bakwazi ukuzalanisa izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkukhu, izinhlobo zezinkukhu.
Ngokusemthethweni zibhaliswe cishe izinhlobo ezingama-200 zezinkukhu ezifuywayo, kepha empeleni kukhona ezingaphezulu. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zenkukhu zihlukaniswa ngokugxila kwezomnotho:
- Izinkukhu zamaqanda (zibonakaliswa ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda aphezulu)
- Izinkukhu zenyama (izinhlobo ezinkulu zenyama)
- Izinkukhu ezidla inyama,
- Ukulwa nezinkukhu (okwenzelwe izimpungushe),
- Izikhukhukazi zokuhlobisa (zinenqwaba ekhethekile),
- Izinkukhu ezinomsindo (ukuculwa kwalezinkukhu kuyabongwa).
buyela emuva kokuqukethwe ↑
Hatching amaqanda inkukhu.
Izinkukhu ezifuywayo zithola ukuvuthwa izinyanga eziyisithupha, kepha hhayi bonke abantu besifazane abakwazi ukuzikhulisa izinkukhu. Ukubekwa kwamaqanda ezinkukhu kuqala ngoJanuwari futhi kuqhubeke kuze kuqalise ekwindla (isikhathi sokuncibilika). Inkukhu ihlala phansi ukuze ifukamele amaqanda ngemuva kokuba ibekele amaqanda angama-20 - 50. Amaqanda agxila ezinsukwini ezingama-21, kepha ngenxa yezimo zezulu zenkukhu, zingavela ezinsukwini ezingama-20-23.
Ukuhlola amandla enkukhu yokuzalela, abalimi basebenzisa “ama-liners” - amaqanda okwenziwa. Ngemuva kokuba inkukhu ibeke eqandeni elenziwe futhi ingashiyi isidleke izinsuku ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2, ungabeka amaqanda angempela ngaphansi kwayo. Inani lamaqanda ku-clutch kuya ngosayizi wale nyoni uqobo, imvamisa izingcezu eziyi-11 kuye kwezingu-15.
Izidleke zezinkukhu kufanele zihlukaniswe inyoni ngayinye, ukuze ezinye izinkukhu, izilwane nabantu bangazihluphi. Ngesikhathi sokuqhanyelwa, inkukhu inyuka emaqanda amahlandla amaningana ukuze idle. Izikhukhukazi zesaba ukushiya isidleke sazo isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke izitsha zokudla namanzi okuphuza kufanele zibe seduze nendawo yokufakwa ngaphakathi. Bondliwa ngokudla okukhethekile okucebiswe ngama-microelements namavithamini. Imazi yenkukhu inakekela izinkukhu kuze kube yisikhathi lapho iqala ukukhiqiza amaqanda.
Ukufuya izinkukhu kuvamile emazweni amaningi omhlaba. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinkukhu zigcinwa emapulazini ezinkukhu nasezitolo zamapulangwe for fluff kanye nezimpaphe, amaqanda, inyama.
Ungazondla kanjani izinkukhu?
Kwekulima nasekwandzeleleni tinkukhu, tinkukhu tondliwa ngekulima okusanhlamvu: ukolweni, i-oats, i-buckwheat, ibhali, njll. Imifino nokudla kwesilwane kuyangezelelwa kokudla okusanhlamvu. Ukugcina ukugaya okujwayelekile, le nyoni idinga ukunikezwa isihlabathi kanye ne-chalk ekhethekile noma izengezo zikalamula. Lapho izinhla zamahhala zitholakala ezinkukhu, zizondla ngotshani, ezinambuzaneni, zidonsa izibungu kanye nezibungu ezivela emhlabathini.
Ebusika, inkukhu idinga ukunikeza ukukhanya okuhle. Igumbi lenkukhu kufanele lihlanzeke futhi lifudumele. Ebusika, izinkukhu zidla ukudla okuhlanganisiwe kanye nokusanhlamvu. Amaqanda alumayo kanye nesigaxa esimnyama enkukhu kukhombisa ukuntuleka kwamavithamini ekudleni kwale nyoni. Ngezinjongo zokuvimbela, ngemuva kobusika, igumbi liyabulala amagciwane.
Inkukhu iwuphawu.
Naphezu kwezaga namazwi amaningi, lapho inkukhu ihlangene nenyoni eyisiphukuphuku neyimpumputhe, kuwuphawu lwamazwe amaningi kanye nemizi. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinyoni eziboniswe ezinhlamvu zemali, inkukhu ithatha indawo yokuqala - izinhlamvu zemali zamazwe ayi-16 zihlotshiswe ngesithombe sazo. Iqhude lathandwa ngisho nangama-575 eminyaka ngaphambi kukaKristu, njengoba kufakazelwa yisithombe salo kumafora wasendulo atholakala eKoria.
Amachwane akhulayo
Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwamachwane, umama wabo akazinaki nakancane. Ukunakekela inzalo kungumsebenzi weqhude. Kungemva kokuqandusela eqandeni, izinkukhu aziqhamuki ngaphandle, bese kuthi ngemuva kwamahora ayi-10-12 ziqale ukukhuthala ukuthola ukudla. Ngosuku lokuqala lwempilo, izingane sezivele zihamba zodwa, zizitholele ukudla, bese ziphinda zibuyele esidlekeni sazo, lapho zilindelwe khona yiqhude. Usiza izingane zakhe ukuba zizingcwabe emqubeni ukuhlala ubusuku obubodwa, futhi zihlala zitholakala eduze kwayo, zivikela amaphuphu aze azimele ngokuphelele. Ngalesi sikhathi, umama uzinikela ukuzijabulisa, aphumule futhi angakhathazeki ngenzalo yakhe, ngoba kungaphansi kokuvikelwa kowesilisa.
Ukhula izinkukhu Bigfoots - omama abangakhathaleli!
Sanibonani bafundi abathandekayo nabafundi! Kukhona amaBigfoots e-Australia - izinkukhu zokhula ezingakhathaleli. Uma ubuza noma yimuphi umlimi wezinkukhu ukuthi yikuphi ukufukelwa okungcono ukuzalanisa, ngeke angabaze ukuphendula - kusobala, isikhukhukazi sezinkukhu.
Sonke sikujwayele ukuthi ngokwesiko izinkukhu ezinomqondo ofundisiwe wokungeniswa okufuthelayo zishisa ama-testicles wazo ngokufudumala kwazo, zisuse amazinyane zibanakekele. Kodwa, akuzona zonke izinyoni ezingakwazi ukukhokha okunethezeka okunjalo.
Ama-Bigfoots, noma izinkukhu zokhula, anemibono ehlukene ngenqubo yokufakwa ekufukweni. Uhlobo luni lwenyoni futhi yiziphi izici zokuzala kwalo? Ake sicabangele.
