Ezifundeni zasentshonalanga nasentshonalanga eseningizimu nenhlonhlo yaseCrimea, ibhungane lomhlaba waseCrimea lihlala. Kutholakala ezintabeni nasezintabeni zezinyawo. Okuhlukile izifunda ezisempumalanga yeCrimea.
Lawa mabhungane anesici esibonakalayo esiyingqayizivele angabonakala emahlathini asezintabeni, emapaki nasezingadini. Zikhwela zibheke phezulu kwenhlabathi, zingacasha ngamaqabunga awile.
Isakhiwo
Lesi sinambuzane singokuhleleka kwamabhungane nomndeni wamabhungane angaphansi. Imibala yebhungane lomhlabathi weCrimea inganhluka: luhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, obomvu kanye nomnyama. Umbala unqunywa indlela ukukhanya kwemisebe okuphuma ngayo ebusweni bophaqa, obumbende, nobulukhuni bhele. Ubukhulu bomzimba - bufika ku-5 cm .Bhungane lomhlabathi, ikhanda, isifuba nesisu kungabonakala ngokuhlukile. Imilenze emide ivumela i-bug ukuthi ihambe ngokushesha. Amaphiko, kunalokho, akakhiwa kahle, ngakho mabhungane emhlabathini awandizayo.
Incazelo
Ubude bomzimba bufika kuma-52 mm (ikhophi ekuqoqweni kwe-S. A. Mosyakin). Umbala uhluka kusuka eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, uphenduka ube nsomi, ube luhlaza okotshani noma ocishe ube mnyama. Ngaphansi komnyama kumnyama nge-sheen yensimbi. I-Elytra ne-expressionotum esigaxe, isakhiwo se-granular. Ubhungane basemhlabathini we-Crimean benza amafomu amaningana, ahluke kakhulu ngombala.
Ibhayoloji
Amabhungane ayasebenza ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zosuku. Agijima ngokushesha. I-Predator, idla izimbaza zomhlaba - ikakhulukazi umgobho wamagilebhisi. Ukudla iminenke, amabhungane awaliqhekezi igobolondo, kepha adla imollusk ngokuntywilisela ekhanda kanye ne-pronotum emlonyeni wegobolondo. Izimbungulu ezondliwe kahle zingazingcwaba enhlabathini izinsuku eziningana.Kungenzeka kube yingozi, uketshezi olunsundu lwe-caustic olunephunga elixakile kusuka ekugcineni kokuxoshwa kwesisu, okuthi, uma lihlangana namehlo, kungadala ubuhlungu futhi kudlule ngokushesha i-conjunctivitis.
Ukuhlangana nokuqothuka kwentwasahlobo, ngokuvamile ngo-Ephreli. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, insikazi ibekela amaqanda, emhlabathini ngokujula okungama-30 mm emagumbini ahlukile. Amaqanda esiteji izinsuku eziyi-13-16. Ubude be-larva ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqunjelwa buba ngu-19 mm; ububanzi buyi-6.5 mm. Isisindo - 162 mg. Izibungu ezibunjiwe zombala omhlophe. Ngemuva kwamahora ayi-10-12, izibungu zithola umbala onsomi. Ngemuva kwamahora angama-30 ukuya kwe-40 ngemuva kokuqandeka, izibungu ziqala ukuzondla ngezimbaza zomhlaba. Ukuphamba emhlabathini egumbini elikhethekile. Ubusika be-imago. Isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu abadala siyiminyaka engama-2-3.
Inombolo
Lenombolo incike ekushintshashintsheni futhi ingxenye ethile ihlobene ngqo nenani lezulu futhi, ngokufanele, inani lokulethwa kokudla ngesimo semollus yomhlaba. Eminyakeni “yemvula” isibalo seminenke yamagilebhisi siyanda, futhi isibalo samabhungane emhlabathini waseCrimea sanda ngokulingana.
Isibalo siyehla ngenxa yokuncishiswa kwezindawo zobuntombi, ukutshala kwama-glade amahlathi, ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala zinambuzane, ukubamba okungalawulwa ngabaqoqi nabavakashi.
Ngabe ibukeka kanjani ibhungane lomhlabathi?
Lo mmeleli wamabhungane emvelo wezinhlobo zesilwane uyisidudu esikhulu esidla inyama. Kungokwesinambuzane se-coleopteran. Lesi sinambuzane sihlala ngaphakathi peninsula kuphela.
Ubude bhungane buba ngamasentimitha amahlanu.
Ubude bomzimba womuntu omdala ojwayelekile webhungane leCrimea lifinyelela amasentimitha angama-5.2. Umbala lapho ibhungane lomhlabathi elihlala eCrimea lipendwe ngalo liyahlukahluka kusuka kokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya komnyama. Kulokhu, amabhungane omhlabathi we-violet nama-green green angatholakala.
Amaqiniso okuphila namaqiniso athakazelisayo ngebhungane lomhlaba waseCrimea
Izinambuzane zalolu hlobo zinhlobo lwesikhathi sasemini futhi zobusuku. Bazondla ngezilwane. Ubumnandi obukhulu bhungane lobugebengu baseCrimea buthathwa njengesihlahla somvini. Kepha lokhu kudla kufaka namanye ama-mollusks.
Ukuze udle inyama yama-clam, ibhungane lomhlabathi aliphuli igobolondo, kepha limane “lifunca” umzimba we-clam. Lapho ibhungane lomhlabathi ligcwele ngokuphelele, lingangena emhlabathini bese lichitha izinsuku ezimbalwa linganyakazi. Kunakwa ngokukhethekile ekukhuthazeleni izinambuzane kanye nendlela yokuzingela kwayo. Ngenxa yemilenze yayo eqinile, ibhungane lomhlabathi lingagijima liyofuna inyamazane ebusuku ibanga elingamakhilomitha amabili!
Ubhungane oluluhlaza lungaba nemithunzi ehlukene: kusuka kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kokumnyama, kufaka phakathi ububende nokuhlaza.
Uma lesi sinambuzane sizwa ingozi, singakhipha into ebukhali ye-caustic. Kubantu, ukuthola ukwakheka okunjalo emehlweni kusongela ukuvela kwe-conjunctivitis. Le nzuzo yenza ukuba umugqa wamabhungane ungabi inyamazane emnandi kakhulu yezinyoni nezilwane, ngakho-ke izitha ezinkulu zikhulu zizama ukugwema leli bhungane. Lokhu kusebenza kwizimpungushe, izinja ze-raccoon, amabheji nezinyoni ezithile.
Ngokuvamile amabhungane angaphansi komhlaba angatholakala emapaki nasezivandeni lapho achitha khona isikhathi sokuzifihla ngamaqabunga awile. Kwesinye isikhathi lezi zinambuzane zimane nje zinyathele emhlabathini, zenze ibhizinisi lazo lansuku zonke.
Ubhungane obuluhlaza awunazitha ngokwemvelo, ngenxa yomshini wokuzivikela.
Ubhungane obusika buthathwa njengenye yezinambuzane eziwusizo kakhulu kwezolimo. Ziyakwazi ukudla izinambuzane eziyingozi, njengama-silkworms, minyaka yonke ezonakalisa ukulimala okukhulu kwepulazi. Ukuze benze lokhu, abantu ngokukhethekile bavumela mabhungane emhlabathini.
Kwenziwa kanjani kabusha ibhungane lomhlaba weCrimea
Isikhathi sokukhanywa kwala mabhungane senzeka maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Amaqanda abekiwe ama-mabhungane angaphansi komhlaba angcwatshwa emhlabathini ukuze awavimbele ukuthi adliwe noma alimale angaphandle.
Izibungu eziqanda eqandeni emavikini amabili emva kokubekwa. Lapho izithombo zezinambuzane zomhlaba weCrimea zizalwa, zinombala omhlophe, kepha ngemuva kwamahora ayi-12 ziphenduke zibe nsomi. I-voracity yama-larle mabhungane anganomona kuphela - sekuvele amahora angama-40 ngemuva kokuqokwa, kuqala ukudla i-shellfish.
Amagciwane angaphansi kwesigaba sezinambuzane zabantu abadala aphila iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu.
Esigabeni sabadala (isinambuzane esidala), ibhungane lomhlaba lisinda ebusika, futhi isikhathi sokuphila kwaleli bhungane sicishe sibe yiminyaka emithathu.
Ngaphambi kobumbano lweCrimea neRussian Federation, ibhungane lomhlaba wamaCrimea lalibhalwe ku-Red Book of Ukraine. Ukwehla kwenani lalezinambuzane kusikisela ukuthi, lapho sesibe “yisakhamuzi saseRussia,” ibhungane lomhlabathi ngokuqinisekile liwela ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kombuso.
Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.
Izici zokuphila
Ubhungane basemhlabathini wobugebengu busebenza ebumnyameni. Ukulamba okunzima kuphela okungenza inyamazane ibonakale ntambama. Imilenze emide emide isiza ekubambeni isinambuzane, sibonga ukuthi lesi sinambuzane sikwazi ukudlula ngendlela efinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 000. Ibhungane linobuhlakani kanye nemikhumbi kangangokuba akubona bonke abantu abazokwazi ukuyibamba.
Uma kwenzeka ingozi, ibhungane lomhlaba waseCrimea lisebenzisa indlela yalo yokuvikela. Ikhipha uketshezi lwe-caustic, olungathandeki oluvela emuva kwesisu. Ngenxa yalesi sici sesinambuzane, izilwane eziningi nezinyoni zizama ukungasondeli kuso.
Ukuxhumana noketshezi lwe-caustic, oluqukethe i-formic acid, emehlweni omuntu kungadala i-conjunctivitis.
Umsoco
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abesifazane bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesilisa. Umsebenzi wabamele balezinhlobo ubonwa ikakhulukazi ebusuku, noma kunjalo, indlala ingashukumisa ukuzingela kwesinye isikhathi phakathi nesikhathi sasemini. Kepha ngemuva kokudla okumnandi, amabhungane omhlabathi waseCrimea atheleka emhlabathini izinsuku eziningi. Amabhungane amadala kanye nezibungu zazo zidla ama-invertebrates kanye namacimbi, kepha okumnandi kwawo okuthandwa kakhulu ama-mollusks, ikakhulukazi iminenke yamagilebhisi nezinhlobo ezihlobene nawo.
Okudingayo
Ubhungane basemhlabathini weCrimea yisinambuzane esidlayo esidla ama-mollusks asemhlabeni. Ukudla komdlwenguli kufaka:
- slugs
- amacimbi
- amabhungane amancane, amaqanda abo nezibungu.
Ukwelapha okuthandekayo kwa-mabhungane ingquza yamagilebhisi. Ukudla imollusk, isilwanyana esidlayo asilimazi igobolondo laso; sibeka ikhanda laso emgodini waso futhi silume imihlathi yaso enamandla enyameni yesisulu, “siyiphuze”. Ibhungane eligcwele umhlabathi lingcwatshwa emhlabathini, lapho lingalala khona izinsuku eziningana.
Ubhungane basemhlabathini wobugebengu buletha izinzuzo ezinkulu emhlabeni wezolimo, uzivikele ezinambuzaneni eziyingozi.
Ingozi ebantwini
Ingozi ebantwini nasezilwaneni ezincelisayo ukuthi uma kusondela isitha esingahle sibe khona, leli bhungane lomhlaba weCrimea likwazi ukuqothula cishe u-20 cm womhhudo koketshezi onakalisayo, oqukethe i-acid eluhlaza. Uma la makhaza amabhungane engena emehlweni, angadala i-lacrimation isikhathi eside ngisho ne-conjunctivitis. Uma inani elincane lingena emehlweni, ukucasuka kuyanyamalala ngemuva kokugeza ngamanzi.
Ukuzalela
Izinambuzane zivame ukuzala maphakathi nentwasahlobo. Ngemuva kwaloko insikazi ibeka emacandza emhlabatsini etindzaweni letinhle kakhulu. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14, kuzalwa izibungu ezinemilenze eyisithupha ezifika ku-2 cm. Ngemuva kwesigameko ngemuva kwamahora ayi-12 ziboshiwe, umbala wazo omhlophe omhlophe uthola i-hue emnyama.
Izibungu zamabhungane enhlabathi enobuhlakani zinesifiso esihle sokudla, ziyakwazi ukudla izimbumbulu ngemuva kwamahora angama-40 kusukela kuzalwa. Akuzona zonke izisulu ezifuna ukufa emihlathini enamandla izibungu, ukumelana futhi ukugoqa, kufihla isitha Foamy mucus esitheni. Kodwa, isisulu esincane, sisebenzisa imilenze yoqhwaku esimise okomuntu, siveza igobolondo le-mollusk size singene kuso.
Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, izibungu zemidlwane; ziba badala ebusika. Isikhathi sokuphila kwamabhungane siseminyakeni engaba ngu-2-3.
