• Ikhaya
• I-aquarium yamanzi ahlanzekile
• Ama-invertebrates
• Isikhuphashe
• Izimo zeCrayfish

Angaphila isikhathi eside e-aquarium yamanzi abandayo, kepha adinga ukunakekelwa okuhle. I-Crayfish idinga i-aquarium ebanzi kahle enamatshe amatshe ahlanzwe kahle kanye namakhefu okwenziwa ngamatshe. Ukukhula okujwayelekile nentuthuko, kumdlavuza ngamunye obude obungama-5 cm, kumele okungenani kube namalitha amanzi angama-20. Umbono wokuthi wonke amakhrayoni okuhlobisa aqhamuka ezindaweni ezishisayo unephutha. Abaningi babo baphila ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba, bakhetha ukuphola futhi bajwayela ushintsho lwesimo sezulu sonyaka.

Ngakho-ke, lapho kudotshwa izinsimbi zokugcina nokuzalela kwazo okulandelayo, umuntu kufanele acabange ukuthi izilwane akufanele zigcinwe lokushisa elifanayo unyaka wonke. Kepha izilwane ezitshaliwe, ezizelwe izizukulwane eziningi ezifuywayo ezindaweni zasemanzini, ekugcineni zilahlekelwa ukunamathisela kwazo emigqonyeni yemvelo futhi zikhiqize ngaphandle kwezinkinga ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa eliphakeme njalo.

Umbala weCrayfish ikakhulukazi ngenxa yama-carotenoids, ikakhulukazi astaxanthin. Kuhlangana namaprotheni, kwakha imibala emibalabala nebhulowu. Ekushiseni okuphezulu, le misipha iyachithwa, futhi i-astaxanthin ikhishwa ngendlela yayo yamahhala, ekhombisa umbala wayo obomvu oyinhloko. Ngakho-ke, crayfish ebilisiwe, njenge-shrimp, iphenduka ibomvu.

Ubuningi bama-crustaceans, kunconywa ukugcina inani lamanzi. pH 6.5 kuya ku-7.5. Njengomthetho, abahlali emanzini ane-acid. Abakwazi ukubekezelela umdlavuza futhi bandise i-acidity, ngoba emanzini ane-acid kukhona i-calcium encane, okudingekayo ukwakha i-carapace. Iqiniso lokuthi la ma-invertebrates kufanele athathe izinto eziqinisayo emanzini ukuze akhe i-carapace yawo liyazikhulumela. Ngokuyinhloko, le nqubo nayo yenzeka emanzini athambile, kepha okuhle kunakho konke emanzini aphakathi nendawo (ubulukhuni be-carbonate ukusuka ku-5 kuye ku-10 ° dKH).

Izitshalo zasolwandle zidlala indima ebalulekile kuma-aquariums ane-crayfish emfushane yomfula. Uma kuphela izitshalo ezintantayo, izitshalo ezingama-moss nezika-epiphytic, ezinjengeJavanese ferns, indawo engezansi idlala indima yesibili. Kepha uma izithombo zezimpande zitshalwe ku-aquarium, khona-ke kungcono ukuthenga ngokuhlanzwe kahle i-quartz gravel njengomhlabathi. Amatshe ayipulasitiki angadala izinkinga. Ngezikhathi ezithile, i-crayfish kanye ne-shrimp ziyafa e-aquarium entsha enamatshe amibalabala. Izimbangela ezingabakhona ama-emollients noma okunye ukungcola. I-Aeration iyadingeka ku-aquarium. Kunconywa ukuhlanza nokuhlunga amanzi e-aquarium.

Ama-crustaceans e-aquarium enamanzi acwebile azwela kakhulu okuqukethwe ithusi, i-ammonia kanye nokuphuma kwayo (nitrites and nitrate). Ukuba khona kwethusi noma i-ammonia, kanye nokufinyeleleka kokugxila okuthile kwama-nitrites nama-nitrate, kuholela ekufeni kwesisindo somdlavuza. Ukugxila okuthile kwethusi noma i-nitrite e-aquarium, engakubekezelela kalula izinhlanzi, kungabulala i-crayfish. Kuma-crustaceans esewonke, ukuba khona kwalezi zinto emanzini e-aquarium kufanele kuncishiswe kube yi-zero.

Uma ukunqwabelana kwe-ammonia emanzini e-aquarium kungukufa kokuqala nokuthile kwama-crustaceans, khona-ke ama-nitrites kancane kancane, kepha ngokungenakuphikiswa angenise ukwehluleka kwinqubo yokugcwaliswa kwegazi le-invertebrate ne-oxygen. IHemocyanin inesibopho sokudlulisa ama-molecule we-oxygen emzimbeni we-invertebrate (ofana ne-hemoglobin kuma-vertebrates). Lapho i-hemocyanin ingena ekuthini iphethwe yi-nitrites, inqubo yokushintshanisa ngegesi iyaphazamiseka, umzimba wama-crustaceans awunawo umoya-mpilo, ngenxa yalokho abulawa yindlala ye-oksijini. Ama-nitrate akhiwa kusuka kuma-nitrites ayizinto ezinobuthi obuncane kakhulu kwizidalwa eziphilayo ze-crustacean. Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kuzosiza ukulawula okuqukethwe yi-ammonia, nitrites kanye ne-nitrate.

I-Nitrite Ungumkhiqizo wokulungiswa kwezinto eziphilayo kwezinto eziqukethe i-organic ne-nitrogen ezifana nezinsalela zokuphakelayo nemikhiqizo ebalulekile yezinhlanzi nama-invertebrates. E-aquarium “esevuthiwe” kakade, amagciwane amaningi aguqula ama-nitrites abe ngama-nitrate aphephe kakhudlwana, kepha isimo sihlukile ku-aquarium entsha. Kusekhona amagciwane ambalwa we-nitrification lapha, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukuqongelela okufana ne-nitrite kwenzeka - inani eliphakeme okuthiwa yi-nitrite. Ama-Nitrites acindezela izinqubo zokushintshanisa ngegesi ezigigini, futhi ngokunembile, kumaphayini amancane gill. Ngama-gill, ama-nitrites angena egazini lezinhlanzi futhi avimbele i-hemoglobin, ebhekele ukuhanjiswa komoya-mpilo. Ukushintshaniswa kwegesi kuyaphazamiseka, futhi kufa ngokuqhuma kwenzeka.

Wonke umdlavuza “ungumuntu ohlukile”: uhlala ngokwehlukile kubafowabo, uma ebamba umgodi, khona-ke angazitholela yona, uma ephephela ngaphansi kwetshe noma umgibe, uyayibamba ayigade ukuqaphela kwayo, iveze imbandezelo yayo. Ama-crustaceans abonakala ngokuziphatha okuyinkimbinkimbi, nekhono elithuthukiswe kakhulu lokujwayela imvelo.

Ukudlidliza kwamanzi, isignali yomsindo ibangela ukusabela okuhlukile kokuphatheka ku-crayfish: isilwane siyama, siphakamise i-rostrum, siguqise izintambo nezimpondo, sivule ukugcwala, sibeke endaweni yokubabaza. Isinqumo sokugcina sincike ekuhlaziyweni kovuselelo. Uma kunomthombo wokudla - ukuhlaselwa, umphikisi - ukuxoshwa kwakhe, ingozi - ukugwema. Ikakhulu ithonya ukusebenza kwesithunzi esigelezayo. I-Crayfish imvama ukumbona kahle futhi ngokushesha athathe isikhundla sokuzivikela, bese athuthele kude kube yi-5-10 m endaweni eyisithunzi noma endaweni ekhanyayo.

Lapho ugcina amakhrayoni angamanzi ahlanzekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubakhela indawo eseceleni kusuka ezintweni zokuhlobisa, njengoba abanye abababayo besabela ngokufuthekayo emihlanganweni engapheli nabanye abahlali base-aquarium. Kufanele kube nezindawo zokukhosela e-aquarium, lapho abesilisa bahlala khona. Lapho abantu abaningana bagcinwa ndawonye, ​​ukungabikho kwenani elanele lokukhosela kuzoholela ezingxabanweni. Kwezinkalankala ezindala, izindawo zokukhosela zingaba amashubhu e-ceramic, amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, izimbiza zezimbali, njll. Izinto ezahlukahlukene ezingezansi zingasetshenziswa njengezindawo zokuphephela. Uma lokhu kunganakekelwa, lapho-ke amakhrayoni ngokwawo abamba izimbobo ngaphansi kwetshe, i-driftwood, noma ngaphansi kwezimpande zezitshalo ezinkulu. I-crayfish igaya izimbobo zayo ngemilenze nomsila, incike ezingubeni zayo zangaphambili.

Kuhle nokubeka i-driftwood ku-aquarium. Izinhlwayi ezincane zifihla izihlahlana zezitshalo ezincane zasemanzini ezinamafutha amancane. Abesifazane, kuze kube ukuthi bathwele umthwalo wokunakekela izingane zabo, cishe njalo bahlala bevulekile, behlola wonke amakona e-aquarium beyofuna ukudla. Iningi losuku, ehlobo cishe amahora angu-12 kuya ku-12, ama-crayfish angenamanzi amnandi achitha emiseleni noma kwenye indawo yokukhosela. Umdlavuza futhi isilwane esihlekisayo. Naphezu kokungasho lutho, uhamba kalula emilenzeni yakhe eyisishiyagalombili aze akhubeke kwesinye isithiyo.

Nge-crayfish kuyadingeka ukuhlela ukufinyelela kobuso bamanzi, isb. kwenze ukuthi zikwazi ukukhwela phezu kwezinye izinto (izitshalo ezinde, okokufaka okokusebenza kwe-aquarium, izingcezu zezinsimbi noma zomgoqo, njl. njl.) - ngaphezulu kwekhreyifishi kwesinye isikhathi isikhathi esithile. Zonke izinkalankala zivame ukushiya i-aquarium. Ngakho-ke, i-aquarium kufanele imbozwe ngesembozo futhi izimbobo zezintambo nama hoses kufanele kube kuncane kakhulu ukuze kungabikho silwane siphuma ngazo.

Umdlavuza awuvami ukuzama ukukhamba ngaphandle kwe-aquarium; uhlala ezansi. Kodwa uma amanzi ephelelwa yisikhathi noma kungabikho umoya-mpilo owanele kuwo, khona-ke umdlavuza uqala ukufuna ngenkuthalo ukusindiswa emhlabeni futhi ungaphunyuka e-aquarium. Lapho i-aquarium igcwele i-crayfish noma inenombolo yokukhosela enganele, benza nemizamo yokuphuma, bezama ukusuka nokuhlaselwa yizihlobo ezinkulu.

Ntambama, amakhrayoni avame ukucasha ezindaweni zabo zokukhosela, kuthi kusihlwa baye bayofuna ukudla. Bondla izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokudla, ngakho-ke ukuzondla e-aquarium akunzima. Ezikhathini ezandulele ukusetshenziswa kwezimali kwamandla amakhulu (ukuzala kabusha, ukuncibilika), inani lokudla elichithwayo liyanda, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwanda kwamandla adonsela phansi esilwane.

Izabelo zansuku zonke zesisindo somzimba ezinsizweni zikhulu kunabantu abadala, emadodeni ngaphezulu kwezabesifazane. Imvamisa yokondla ngemvelo emadodeni isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezi-2, kwabesifazane - isikhathi esingu-1 ngezinsuku ezi-3. Amakhrayoni angenamanzi ahlanzekile adla ukudla kwezilwane nezitshalo, futhi izitshalo zakha ingxenye enkulu yokudla kwazo okuhlukahlukene kakhulu. Ingxenye yezitshalo ingafinyelela kumaphesenti angama-90.

I-Shellfish, izibungu, izinambuzane nezibungu zazo, ama-tadpole - Lokhu kudla okuyinyama okuyizilwane, amakhrayoni adla izitshalo, i-elodea, i-nettle, i-lily yamanzi, i-horsetail, ama-algae amaningi avela ezitshalweni, ngisho izaqathi zokwenziwa. E-aquarium, ungabondla ngama-gerworms, unganikeza izingcezu ezincane zezinhlanzi noma inyama (into esemqoka ayinamafutha kakhulu), badla ukudla kwesitshalo, ngesinye isikhathi bangasika iziqu zezitshalo ezinohlonze. Ama-Shrimps kanye no-crayfish bazimisele kakhulu ukujwayela ukudla okukhethekile. Kuyo, bathola zonke izakhamzimba abazidingayo ngefomu elihlanganisiwe. Badla yonke into i-amateur eyondla izinhlanzi zabo.

Ungondla izinsizwa ngokudla okulungiselelwe okwenzelwe i-fish Fry, ishubhu elisikiwe, i-artemia. Umdlavuza osemusha e-aquarium uzuzisa kakhulu. Yena nsuku zonke, noma kunalokho ngobusuku, uhlola ngokucophelela yonke i-aquarium futhi uqoqa zonke izinhlobo zodoti. Ama-decapod crustaceans ikakhulukazi adla kule substrate futhi adla i-detritus, okungukuthi, ingxube yemikhiqizo yokubola eyenziwe ngezinto eziphilayo ngokuhlangana namagciwane, isikhunta kanye namagciwane amancane ahilelekile kule nqubo.

Isikhundla esihle semvelo singaba amahlamvu awile. Ungafaka amacembe ezihlahla ezomile e-aquarium. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele ufake amaqabunga amasha e-aquarium, ngoba akhulula ubuthi. Okuhle kunakho konke - amaqabunga e-oki, e-beech noma e-alder.

Amaqabunga anjalo angumthombo wokudla okubalulekile kwama-crustaceans, ahlanze inqubo yawo yokugaya ukudla futhi asize ukuqeda izinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bakhipha inani elithile lama-tannin nama-humic acid emanzini, ubukhona bawo buthinta kahle i-shrimp. Esikhundleni samaqabunga ezihlahla ezifuywayo, ungasebenzisa futhi amaqabunga ama-alimondi amaNdiya. Abagcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi, kodwa futhi ngezinga elithile babamba isenzo sokulwa nokuvikela izakhamuzi ze-aquarium ezifweni. Njengoba amaqabunga edliwa ngo-crayfish ngokuhlelekile, ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile adinga ukushintshwa amanye amasha. Abahlaseli muntu futhi badle izitshalo nezilwane ezifile, bedlala indima yemiyalo yolwazi.

E-aquarium ene-crayfish, kungcono ukungatshali izitshalo bukhoma ukugwema ukuzonakalisa. Ama-Aquarists abhekane kaninginingi nokubulawa kwabantu ngo-crayfish ngemuva kokutshala okusha, kuthengwe izitshalo ze-aquarium e-aquarium, ikakhulukazi ezitolo zezilwane. Akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi abahlinzeki, ukuze bagweme ukudluliselwa kwanoma yiziphi izinambuzane noma izinambuzane eziyingozi ezitshalweni, kuzicubungule ngaphambi kokuthumela ama-insecticides ayingozi kuma-aquarium shrimps kanye no-crayfish.

Ngeke bakwazi ukubamba izinhlanzi ezihambayo, ezinjengamabha, kepha ngeke kube nzima ngazo ukusika amaphini ngisho nangamakhaza amakhulu. Ingozi enkulu isongela izinhlanzi ezincane ezilala ebusuku, zishona phansi. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi ezihlala ngaphansi, ezingaphansi kwezendlalelo zamanzi ku-aquarium, kungcono ukuthi ungabi nakho kanye ne-crayfish. Uma ufuna ukuhlanganisa izinhlanzi nezinhlanzi zikakhrayoni ku-aquarium eyodwa, udinga ukukhetha izinhlanzi ezinamaphaza, hhayi okuphambene nalokho, inhlanzi kuya ku-crayfish.

I-crayfish isetshenziswe kabanzi isikhathi eside. Umndeni weProcambarusngihlala e-USA, Mexico nakwamanye amazwe aseCaribbean. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu kuleli qembu, I-Procambarus clarkii (i-Red Swamp Cancer). Izinhlobo ezinkulu zeProcambarus crayfish, ngeshwa, zinomkhuba owodwa ojwayelekile: zidla izitshalo ngokuzithandela. Kunezinhlobo zezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye. Isibonelo, umdlavuza ngamunye isikhathi eside awazithinti izitshalo ezinamaqabunga alukhuni, kodwa kungekudala zizowafinyelela.

Emanzini amakhulu asekhaya, ukubumbana, ngisho ne-crayfish yaseMelika ICambarus, enomoya ophansi ozolile awuvamile kakhulu. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, umndeni we-crayfish waseNyakatho Melika waqala ukuhamba. Ama-Orconectes neCambarus. Ngokwengxenye sikhuluma ngezinhlobo eziqinile kakhulu nezimibalabala.

Ngezinhlanzi ezingaphansi, lezi zibambe, kepha azihambi ngokuthula, ngoba le ndawo bekulokhu kuyindawo yazo yokuhlala. Zonke izinkalankala ezivamile Cherax angamalungu e-crayfish ephakathi nendawo enkulu. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi badinga izindawo ezinkulu zasemanzini. Kodwa-ke, bayakujabulela ukuhlala endaweni enkulu enamakhoselo amaningi. Okuthakazelisa kakhulu ama-aquariums yilawo okuthiwa ama-crayfish aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma iCuba, asanda kufika ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa zama-aquariums asekhaya, lapho angakwazi ukuzala khona ngokukhululeka.

Kungcono ukuthutha imfishane ngayinye isesitsheni ngendlela eyomile. Inqubo yokuzivumelanisa namanzi ase-aquarium ayinzima. Isilwane esisha sidinga nje ukukhishwa singene emanzini, siqiniseke kuqala ukuthi sisha, nokuthi izinga lokushisa laso lisesigabeni sama-20-30 degrees Celsius.

Ukusebenzisana kwe-Aquarium crayfish nezinhlanzi

Ngaso sonke isikhathi sokubuka i-aquarium crayfish, bengingakholelwa ukuthi azibeki engcupheni yezinhlanzi nezitshalo. I-Aquarium crayfish ayikwazi kakhulu futhi ngaphandle komonakalo idla izitshalo, icosha izinhlanzi ezifile futhi ihlasele abagulayo, kepha i-aquarium crayfish iphephe ngokuphelele inhlanzi enempilo. Ngesinye isikhathi e-aquarium yami i -fishfish yayigula, isimilo sayo sasiwohloka futhi yayanda ngokuya ezansi kwe-aquarium, iphumula isisu sayo phansi. ICrayfish ibona kahle izinhlanzi ezigulayo, ezizokufa kungekudala.

Yize umdlavuza we-aquarium wawumncane kakhulu kune -fishfish, kodwa wawudonsela ngamandla akhe onke emgodini wayo. Ngemuva kokuba ehudule inhlanzi egolide ibanga elanele ngokwenele, inhlanzi yayisikhipha yaqubuka, futhi inhlwathi yakhamba ibuyela kuyo, yabamba umsila wefreyimu yayidonsela ku-mink. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubona indlela efanayo yokukhishwa kokudla empilweni kophayfish.

Ukuba nezimbaza ezimbili noma ezintathu ze-aquarium crayfish, ngokwesibonelo, e-aquarium engamalitha ayikhulu ngeke kulimaze i-landscape, inhlanzi nezitshalo, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-aquarium yakho izoba bukhoma futhi ihehe ngokwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, uma uthatha isinqumo sokubuka okuthile okuthakazelisa kakhulu ku-aquarium yakho, thola i-aquarium crayfish. Manje, ake sixoxe kabanzi ngokuqukethwe kwe-aquarium crayfish.

Ukuze ungadali ukudideka, ngifuna ukukukhumbuza futhi ukuthi sikhuluma ngezinhlobo zezinhlwathi ezimbanjana zasemanzini ezinghlala ezindaweni zasemanzini ezishisayo eduze kwezinhlanzi ezishisayo nangaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo, futhi abamele amanzi abandayo asekhaya abavumelani nezimo ezinjalo.

Futhi uma uke wafunda zonke izinhlobo zezinganekwane ngokuhlaselwa kwezinswelaboya ezinhlanzini, kanye nokuqothulwa kwezitshalo ze-aquarium nokubola kwamanzi, futhi wanquma ukuqala i-crayfish endaweni ehlukile ye-aquarium, khona-ke kusukela kuqala kuya kuqala udinga ukunakekela ubukhona benhlabathi nezitshalo kule aquarium. Umthamo onconyiwe we-aquarium uvela ku-60 l, nendawo enkulu engezansi, i-aeration esebenzayo nokuhlunga kwamanzi.

Ukuphakama kwenhlabathi okungenani kube ngu-6 cm, futhi inhlabathi uqobo lwayo kufanele ibe namatshe amancanyana amadayimitha ahlukene ukusuka ku-3 kuye ku-15 mm kusukela ama-aquarium crayfish ahlala ezindlini zokukhosela futhi ngokuqinisekile azimba umgodi wawo siqu futhi akhe imihume, futhi izinto zokwakha zezidingo ezinjalo kufanele zibe lula futhi zilula ukuphakamisa. Njengomhlabathi onjalo, ungafaneleka: amatshe okomfula nawolwandle, izitini ezibomvu ezichotshoziwe, udaka oluchotshoziwe nolunyuselwe amanzi lunweziwe, inhlabathi ekhethekile yokufakelwa, njll.

Ukuba khona kwe-aquarium yomdlavuza wezitshalo zezimpande kubaluleke kakhulu.Iqiniso ngukuthi i-aquarium crayfish yakha izindawo zokukhosela eduze kwezihlahla zezitshalo, futhi izimpande zivimbela ukuwohloka kwemisele futhi nendawo eseduze namathanga ezitshalo, kubhekwa njengeyona nto evikelekile kakhulu ku-crayfish. Ngomthamo omncane womhlaba, ukufakwa kwezakhiwo zokufakelwa: amapayipi e-ceramic, amagobolondo kusuka kukhukhunathi, njll ngeke akuvimbe ama-crayfish ekumba imigodi, kepha lokhu kungenxa yesimo sokuzakhela izindlu.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi e-aquarium lapho i-crayfish ihlala khona kuhlala kunebhalansi ephelele yemvelo, futhi ayikho indlela yokwenza ngaphandle kwezitshalo. Njengezitshalo, izinhlobo zohlelo olunamandla wehhashi zilungele kahle: i-cryptocorynes, ama-aponohetons, i-echinodorus, njll.

Umsebenzi we-aeration nokuhlunga kwamanzi kuncike kumthamo we-aquarium kanye nenani le-crayfish. Ngokwezinga elithile, izihlungi zangaphakathi zibuye zenze umsebenzi wokuhlunga kwebhayoloji, futhi uma ukuqubuka kwamagciwane kuvame ukwenzeka e-aquarium enamakhansele, ukuba khona kwesihlungi e-aquarium enjalo kusiza kuphela.

Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, impilo ye-aquarium kanye ne-crayfish uqobo incike kuphela kumuntu. I-Aquarium crayfish kanye nenhlanzi azikwazi ukweqiswa. I-crayfish izofihla okweqile kokudla okwabelwe nokungabonakali emashalofini lapho, lapho ichithe khona isikhathi eside, izoqala ukubola futhi ichithe amanzi, lapho kungavela khona ukuqubuka kwamagciwane kanye nokubola kwamanzi.

Yebo, uma amanzi asemanzini nge-crayfish esenamafu kakhulu futhi kungelona iphunga elimnandi kuwo, lawo manzi kumele afakwe esikhundleni ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ngokuzayo, anciphise izinga lokudla. Njengamanzi amasha, amanzi athathwe ku-aquarium enempilo afanelwe kahle, lawo manzi e-aquarium ene-crayfish azobuyisela ngokushesha ibhalansi yezinto eziphilayo.

E-aquarium lapho i-crayfish ihlala khona, kuyadingeka ukuvuselela amanzi amadala ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, njalo emavikini ama-3-4, amanzi wesine noma wesihlanu kumele athathelwe indawo ngamanzi amasha. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe. Ukulingiswa kwesichibi semvelo lapho ngezikhathi ezithile ukuxhuma kwamanzi ahlanzekile futhi kuthinta kahle zonke izidalwa zasemanzini kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kuyadingeka ngoba lapho uvuselela amanzi kunciphisa inani lezinto ezilimazayo, ngokwesibonelo, ama-nitrate futhi andisa okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen.

Amapharamitha we-hydrochemical amanzi kanye nemibandela yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-aquarium crayfish ngandlela-thile ehlukile, ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha futhi uthenga i-crayfish, kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo lwamapharamitha we-hydrochemical wamanzi, okuyizimo ezinqunyelwe zona, ezizofana kakhulu nemingcele yamanzi e-aquarium yakho.

Kukholelwa ukuthi i-aquarium crayfish ayifuni ekwakhiweni kwamanzi okuyi-hydrochemical, ngakho-ke, cishe akekho umuntu onamathela noma onamathela ezimweni eziqinile, kepha kuphela izimo ezijwayelekile zazo zonke izinhlobo ze-aquarium crayfish: dH kuze kufike ku-20 °, pH 6.5-7.8, t 18-26. ° C. Noma kunjalo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi amanzi athambile kakhulu angathinta kabi amakhansele ngesikhathi sokuncibilika nokuguqula ulwelwesi lwe-chitinous.

I-Aquarium crayfish ayifuni ukukhanyiselwa, futhi akumangalisi lokhu ngoba izinhlanzi ezinamaphaza zisebenza kakhulu ebusuku nakusihlwa. Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi i-aquarium crayfish ingababaleki bangempela futhi ingaphunyuka e-aquarium nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwe-crayfish ngaphandle kwamanzi kuzoholela ekufeni kwabo. Ngakho-ke, i-aquarium lapho i-crayfish ihlala khona kufanele ivalwe ngesivalo noma ngesembozo.

Imininingwane ejwayelekile ngo-crayfish

Amakhansela angokulandelana kwama-arthropods futhi afaka izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zabamele lo mndeni. Kepha yizinhlobo ezincane kuphela ezifanele ukugcinwa ekhaya.

Izimpawu ezihlukile zomdlavuza:

• isembozo esikhulu esinyene, esiqinile
• Izimbambo eziyi-19 zezinyawo.

Umdlavuza uhamba ngosizo “lokuhamba” imilenze nezinzipho. Lokhu kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi afune futhi agcine ukudla. I-carapace isebenza ukuvikela isicubu. Amadevu asekhanda asebenza njengesitho esishubile. Umsila uhlukaniswe izingxenye zama-petal ezinomzimba ozungezwe ekugcineni. Amakhrayoni aphefumula ngama-gill.

Ama-Arthropod akhetha izidumbu zamanzi angenamanzi lapho kunezindawo ezigeleza khona ezinokuqukethwe komoya ophezulu. Amakhrayoni asebusukuusebenzisa ukudla kwesitshalo noma imvelaphi yezilwane.

Umbala wemvelo wama-crustaceans luhlaza okotshani. Ema-aquariums, izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zezimbali ezimhlophe, ezibomvu, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezithunzi zazo, ezingeqi ku-15-20 cm ubude, ziyafuywa. Kukhona nabamele abancane bezinhlobo, ubude bawo obungadluli ku-4-5 cm.

I-Aquarium molting

Ukukhula kwe-aquarium crayfish kwenzeka phakathi kwama-moults. Kukholelwa ukuthi i-crayfish ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila ichitha izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili, elesibili, kuze kufike ku-5, bese -1-2 izikhathi ngonyaka. I-Molting, kanye nabantu ababuthakathaka abanomzimba othambile futhi ongavikelekile, badinga izindawo zokukhosela (amashubhu e-ceramic neplastiki, ama-sink, njll.) Lapho bacasha khona kubaphangi, kumele bahlale kuze kube yilapho kwakheka igobolondo elisha. I-crapfish entsha ye-carapace ikhula ngokushesha ngokwanele kusuka ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kweziyishumi.

Kungenzeka ukunquma ukuqunjelwa okusondelene kwe-crayfish (imvamisa ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3) ngokwenqaba ukudla futhi kubhekwe ukunyakaza komhlane, futhi usuqhubeke ngokuncibilika ukuthola igobolondo elisusiwe, futhi inqubo yokususa igobolondo ihlala imizuzu embalwa nje. Ngokubukeka, igobolondo liyashintsha, linzima futhi liyiphinda ngokucacile indlela yomdlavuza.

Bekumele ngibone ukunyibilika kwe-aquarium crayfish kaninginingi, kodwa yona kanye inqubo yokuncibilika, okungukuthi, ukususwa kwengqimba yomdlavuza ngumdlavuza, angikaze ngibone kusobala ukuthi i-crayfish ihlala ibunjiwe ebusuku. Ukuze wakhe igobolondo elisha, kuyadingeka i-calcium eningi. I-crayfish evela ekudleni namanzi ibuyisa i-calcium emzimbeni. Kukholelwa ukuthi i-carapace yakudala iqukethe i-calcium eningi kanye namakhansele angalunganga ku-calcium adla i-carapace.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amanye ama-olwandle awasusi ngokuqondile igobolondo e-aquarium. Futhi, ukuze kubuyiswe kabusha i-calcium emzimbeni, ithebhulethi esebenza nge-calcium kwesinye isikhathi ibekwa e-aquarium, bese kufakwa ushizi we-calcine e-calcine ekudleni. Lapho ngigcina i-aquarium crayfish, uku-molting kwenzeka njalo ngaphandle kwezinkinga futhi abakaze babhekane nokushoda kwe-calcium.

Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa

Kunconywa ukuthola abantu abasha, ngoba kulula ukubekezelela izinto zokuhamba nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha ngokushesha. Isifuyo sihanjiswa esitsheni esimnyama se-opaque, sibheka ukulingana okushisa kwamanzi (umehluko wokushisa kutanki lokuhamba kanye ne-aquarium akufanele kudlule i-3-5 ° C).

Indlu ekahle yama-crustaceans yi-aquaterrarium. Kodwa lapho kungekho khona ithuba elinjalo, i-aquarium ejwayelekile izokwenza. Ukubaluleka kokuthatha okugeza komoya kwe-crayfish ehlobisa kakhulu kwandisa kakhulu. Kumelwe kufakwe isembozo ngaphezulu kwe-aquarium (nokuvuleka kokujikeleza komoya), ngoba noma ikuphi ukungaphatheki kahle kungenza ukuthi isikhuphashe siphume endaweni yokuhlala. Futhi babaleka ngekhono.

Ukugcina nokunakekela i-aquarium crayfish kulula. Kwanele ukubanikeza indawo yokuhlala ephephile nokondla njalo.

I-Priming

I-crayfish ifihla izimbobo bona uqobo abazimbayo. Ngakho-ke, ungqimba lomhlabathi kufanele lube mnene impela, okungenani lube ngu-6-7 cm ukuphakama. Ukuze kube lula ngezilwane ezifuywayo ukugaya indawo yokukhosela, inhlabathi ikhethwa ithambile futhi ixegile, kodwa hhayi incane, inobubanzi bamatshe angama-3-15 mm.

Izinto zokwakha ezifanele:

• amatshe amatshe
• ama-chip wezitini
• ubumba oluhlanganisiwe nolunamanzi olwenziwe lamanzi.

Ungasebenzisa isihlungi esenziwe ngomumo.

Imifino

Noma ngabe kunezakhiwo ezikhethekile zezindawo zokukhosela (amapayipi e-ceramic, amantongomane, izingcezwana zamabhodwe obumba), crayfish ngokwemvelo zimba iminyuzi, ikhetha izindawo ezinotshani obukhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, izitshalo ezithambile aziphili, njengoba zibhujiswa ngokungenangqondo ngama-arthropods. Ngakho-ke, ekwakhiweni kwe-aquarium, kukhethwe imifino enama-hard-leaved noma amahlahla wokufakelwa.

Ukuze kube khona ntofontofo inhlanzi eshinini yokufakelwa, kuyadingeka ukuba kulondolozwe ibhalansi yemvelo.

Isitshalo esifanelekayo sama-aquarium sama-crustaceans kuzoba ama-cryptocorins, ama-apono-he izink, ama-echinodorus, ama-ferns. Uhlelo lwezimpande oluthuthukisiwe lwalezi amakhambi luyakwazi ukuvimba ukuwa kwezimbobo.

Isibani

Ukukhanyiswa akudlali indima enkulu ekuhlelweni kwe-aquarium, njengoba i-crayfish iyasebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku. Isibani esingemuva kufanele sibe sincane. Uma ukukhanya okukhanyayo kwe-aquarium kudingekile kwezinhlanzi eziseduze, khona-ke izimila ezintantayo zibekwe phezu kwamanzi ukuze zimboze phansi.

Amapharamitha we-Hydrochemical

Ukugxila okubalulekile kufanele kukhokhwe kwikhwalithi yamanzi okuhloswe ngayo ukugcina izinhlanzi zikaphayfish. Ukuze ubekhona ntofontofo womuntu oyedwa olinganisa u-5-6 cm, kudingeka amalitha ayi-15-20 amanzi.

Amanzi adinga ukushintshwa njalo. Lokhu kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngenyanga ngokususa ingxenye yesithathu koketshezi oludala nokujova okusha. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-siphon.

Ukuvuselelwa kwamanzi kuyadingeka ukwenza ngcono amapharamitha we-fluid futhi kuvikele nezifo. Lapho ubuyisela amanzi, inani lezinto eziyingozi ezithinta kabi impilo yama-arthropods liyancishiswa.

Ngaphambi kokukhetha amapharamitha wamanzi afanele, udinga ukuzijwayeza izici zabantu abakhethiwe, ngoba izici ze-hydraulic ze-ketshezi zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ziyahlukahluka.

Ithebula elingezansi libonisa amapharamitha wamanzi wezinhlobo ezithile ze-aquarium crayfish:

Ukugxila okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe kubulukhuni bamanzi, njengoba uketshezi oluthambile ngokweqile lwenza igobolondo liholele ekufeni kwama-crustaceans.

ICrayfish ithanda amanzi anomoya-mpilo. Le nkinga ixazululwa ngokuhlunga kanye ne-aeration. Amandla wokuhlunga ancike ngosayizi we-aquarium kanye nenani labantu. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunconywa ukufaka izihlungi zangaphakathi, ngoba isikhuphashe sikhuphukela phezulu sisebenzisa amadivaysi angaphandle, sizama ukushiya ithangi.

Ukuntuleka kokuhlunga noma ukufaka amanzi endaweni engafanele kungaholela ekukhuleni kokutheleleka ngegciwane.

Ibhilikosi

Umdlavuza omncane omuhle odabuka eNew Guinea. Kuhola indlela yokuphila yezimfihlo kakhulu, ngakho yatholakala ngonyaka we-2006 kuphela. Ubukhulu baso abudluli ku-10 cm cm. Ama-crustaceans angamanzi ahlanzekile ale nhlobo angaba ngezithunzi eziningi ezahlukahlukene.

Ixhaphozi laseMelika

Lolu hlobo luvela e-USA naseMexico. Abantu abadala bafika ngosayizi ongu-15 cm. Umbala ojwayelekile wale nhlobo yisisu esinemivimbo ebomvu nomhlane omnyama onsundu onamachashazi abomvu. Kepha futhi kule hlobo kunezinye imibala. Abesilisa balolu hlobo ngeke bagcinwe ndawonye, ​​ngoba banolaka impela.

Ukuvumelana nezinye izakhamizi

Kunezimo ezivame ukwenzeka lapho ukuncintisana kukhula phakathi komdlavuza ne-catfish, okubuye kuholele indlela yokuphila ephansi. Futhi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa, kungenzeka akwenze.

Zonke izinhlobo ze-aquarium crayfish ziyingozi nezinhlanzi ezinomsila omude namaphiko. Bavele banqume ingcebo yabo ngamawele.

I-Aquarium

Umthamo we-aquarium wokuhlobisa i-crayfish kufanele ube okungenani amalitha angama-60. IVolumu encane izovusa kuphela ama-crustaceans ukukhombisa ulaka ne-cannibalism. Khumbula ukuthi lapho kukhulu ukuthunyelwa, kulula kakhulu ukukugcina kuhleliwe. Ungqimba lomhlabathi okuyo kufanele okungenani lube ngu-6 cm, futhi ekwakhekeni kwalo kufanele kube ngamatshe amatshe amancane. I-crayfish izosetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwamakhaya abo.

Kuyadingeka futhi nokunakekela izitshalo ezihambisanayo. Kumele babe nezimpande. Nanti iphuzu lonke ukuthi umdlavuza we-aquarium wakha izimbobo eduze kwezimpande zezitshalo, ukholelwa ukuthi le ndawo yiyona ehlukaniswe kakhulu.

Qiniseka ukuthi unakekela izindawo zokukhosela. Le ndima ingadlalwa ngemigodi ehlukahlukene yokuhlobisa, imihume yokufakelwa noma ama-grottoes.

Ngaphezulu kwe-aquarium, isembozo esinezimbobo zokufinyelela komoya sifakiwe ngempela. Uma kunesidingo, kuzosiza ukuvikela ukuphunyuka kwama-crustaceans.

Amanzi kumele ahlanzeke ngaso sonke isikhathi, lokhu kuzovikela amakhambi ahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, i-aquarium kufanele ifakwe isihlungi, mhlawumbe yangaphakathi. Kusukela ama-arthropods akhuphuka amashubhu avela kwisihlungi sangaphandle.

Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu ojwayelekile kufanele okungenani abe namalitha angama-20 esamba.

Amapharamitha wamanzi wokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-aquarium crayfish ahlukile kancane. Zonke izidingo ezidingekayo zichazwe kangcono ngesikhathi sokuthenga. Kanye njalo emavikini ambalwa, ingxenye yamanzi kufanele itshintshwe. Lokhu kusiza ukwenza ngcono imingcele yayo futhi kuthinta kahle ukuthuthukiswa komdlavuza.

Lapho ugcina amakhrayoni wanoma yiluphi uhlobo, kufanele ubheke ngokucophelela ubulukhuni bamanzi. Uma ithambile kakhulu, lokhu kungaholela ekuthambiseni kwegobolondo nasekufeni kwembaza.

Ividiyo: Umdlavuza wokuhlanza

Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, amakhrayoni ayaba sengozini enkulu, ngoba imizimba yawo ethambile ayisawavikeli igobolondo eliqinile. Ngakho-ke, njengamanje, badinga kakhulu izindawo zokuhlala. Kuzo, zivame ukuhlala ngokuphepha kuze kube ukukhula kwegobolondo elisha eliqinile. Inqubo ethokozisayo uqobo ayidluli izinsuku eziyi-10.

Ungaqagela ukuqala kokuncibilika kusuka ekuziphatheni kwekhrayoni. Bayenqaba ukondla, futhi babuye benze ukunyakaza emuva kokukloloda. Inqubo yokususa i-carapace yakudala ngokwayo ayihlali ihlala imizuzu embalwa, kepha uyayibona kakhulu, ngoba imvamisa yenzeka ebusuku.

Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi lapho kusenkingeni yokuncibilika, umdlavuza ngasizathu simbe ulahlekelwe nguzipho. Musa ukucasuka ngenxa yalokhu, njengoba imichilo yomdlavuza ikhula ibuya. Kuliqiniso, ekuqaleni zincane, kepha ngokuncibilika okulandelayo, zikhula zibe usayizi wazo wokuqala.

Ukuzala

Amakhrayoni asemanzini angazala ngempumelelo. Ngesikhathi sokuzalela nje badinga ukunakekelwa okufanele nezimo ezifanele. Isikhathi sokukhwelana kuma-crustaceans senzeka ekugcineni kwe-molt. Okwamanje, izinsikazi ziqala ukukhipha izinto ezithile ezikhethekile, eziheha abesilisa.

Inqubo yokuzalelisa kukakhokhova ifana nomdanso, kuthi lapho bethintana ngesilevu. Ungahlala amahora ambalwa. Emva kwalokhu, insikazi ihlwanyelwa endaweni ehlukile lapho izalela amaqanda ezinsukwini ezingama-20.

Ukufakelwa kwabesifazane kubalulekile kusukela lapho Ngalesi sikhathi, uyehluleka futhi abe nolaka kuwo wonke umuntu oseduze. Ohlelweni lokuvikela inzalo, uzozama ukubulala wonke umuntu omzungezile.

Amaqanda abekiweyo anenqwaba ekhethekile enamathelayo anamathiselwe kuye ngaphansi kwesisu. Insikazi izungeza i-aquarium nabo. Ama-crustaceans amancane aqaphile futhi enamahloni, abambelela emzimbeni kamama isikhathi eside.

Baqala ukudla bodwa ngemuva kwe-molt yokuqala. Ngemuva kokushintshwa kwegobolondo lesibili, ekugcineni bashiya umama, okwathi emva kwalokho wahlukaniswa nabo.

Isifo

I-Aquarium crayfish - njengazo zonke izidalwa ezisengozini itholakala ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Izifo ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:

• Ubhubhane yisifo esithathelanayo esiyingozi esibangelwa ukhunta lwe-pathogenic. Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko ukuvela kwamabala egobolondweni lombala omnyama. Ukuziphatha kwesiguli somdlavuza ogulayo kubuye kuguquke kakhulu. Okokuqala, ushintsha indlela yakhe yokuphila esebusuku abe yisikhathi sosuku, bese eba yingozi futhi ebulalise, emva kwalokho afe. Alikho ikhambi lalesi sifo. Futhi njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, okuqukethwe kokuhlukaniswa kwemikhamo esanda kutholwa kunconyiwe.
• Isifo esinezintuthwane. I-pathogen yayo ibuye ibe yisikhunta se-pathogenic. Izibonakalisa ezindaweni ezinombala ogqwala kugobolondo. Lapho-ke, endaweni yabo, ulwelwesi lwe-chitinous luyathamba bese umdlavuza uyafa. Alikho ikhambi lalesi sifo futhi.
• Isifo i-Telochanis noma isifo sobumba. Isifo esithathelwanayo esinegciwane esibonakala ngokulimala kwemisipha yomlomo nesisu. Isibonakaliso sayo esibaluleke kakhulu yisisu sombala omhlophe. Ekukhuleni kwalesi sifo, umdlavuza uyakhubazeka bese uyafa.

Isayensi ye-Aquarium isayensi yonke enemithetho nemigomo yayo. Ngakho-ke, okuqukethwe ama-crustaceans ekhaya kufanele kusondele kuwo ngendlela efanele ngangokunokwenzeka.Isiphetho se-crayfish sincike ekutheni ubanakekela kanjani. Ngendlela efanele, crayfish izophila nawe isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka futhi ingazala nezingane eziningi.

Ungayondla kanjani i-aquarium crayfish

I-Aquarium crayfish iyamangaza futhi imenyu yazo ingahluka. Kungafaka ukudla kwezilwane nemifino. Ngokungafani nozakwabo ababamba amanzi abandayo, i-aquarium crayfish exotic ithande ukudla kwezilwane kakhulu futhi akufanele ukhathazeke ngokukhethekile ngokudla kwezilwane. I-Aquarium crayfish yengxenye enkulu idla okufanayo nenhlanzi.

Isibonelo, lapho ngondla inhlanzi ngenhliziyo yenyama ebunjiwe, crayfish, izingcezu zenyama eziwele phansi nazo zadla kahle. Ungayisebenzisa ngokulula: inyama ebondayo, izingcezu zenhlanzi entsha, imifino yegazi ephilayo noma eqandisiwe, kanye nokudla okukhethekile kwezinhlanzi ezingaphansi, futhi lokhu kuzokwanela ngokwanele ukuthola umsoco ofanele we-aquarium crayfish.

Isidingo kuphela ukuthi ungafaki i-crayfish ungene e-aquarium yonke ngokulandelana, kepha uma usenendawo ethile, futhi othile uzokweluleka ukuthi usebenzise i-aquarium crayfish ekudleni: igobolondo, izinambuzane, izibungu kanye nemidlwane, unganaki ukuvumela abeluleki abanjalo ukuba babambe izimpukane namaphela. bamba izibungu bese uya echibini ukuthola ama-tadpoles.

Kokudla kwezitshalo, kuphakama umbuzo: Ngabe bayadinga futhi ukulethwa ku-crayfish e-aquarium lapho izitshalo zikhula khona? Lapho ngigcina i-aquarium crayfish angikaze ngibanikeze ukudla kwemifino hhayi ngoba bekungekho. Iqiniso ngukuthi lokhu bekungadingekile ngemuva kwakho konke e-aquarium lapho kwakuhlala khona amakhrayoni futhi kunezitshalo eziningi kakhulu.

Angikaze ngibone ukuthi amakhrayoni abambe amaqabunga ezitshalo ze-aquarium, kepha izimpande zikakhofi kwesinye isikhathi zidla, kodwa azange zizimbele ngokukhethekile, kepha kuphela endaweni yezimbobo zazo futhi kuncane kakhulu ngaphandle kokulimala kwezitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungani umuntu athatha isinqumo sokuthi uma unikeza i-crayfish njengokudla kwezitshalo: i-nettle, i-lily yamanzi, i-rdest, i-algae, izaqathe, ukhukhamba, i-zucchini, isipinashi, i-parley, khona-ke isikhuphashe siyoshiya amahlumela amancanyana wezitshalo ze-aquarium? Kepha ukuze uzame futhi uzame ukunikeza inhlanzi encane ye-aquarium crayfish izinhlobo zokudla zezitshalo, ngokuzumayo badinga okuthile futhi bazoyithanda.

Zingaki izinhlanzi zasekhaya ezihlala ekhaya

Izici eziningi zithonya isikhathi sokuphila kwama-crustaceans. Into esemqoka ukuhlanzeka kwamanzi. ICrayfish ingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25. Amanzi angcolile anomthelela omubi emzimbeni futhi anciphisa ngokushesha impilo yesilwane.

Ekuthunjweni, ama-crayfish awahlali isikhathi eside njengasezindaweni zawo zemvelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokwakheka kwamanzi kwe-hydrochemical. Kungaba nzima ukuyithatha. Nge isilinganiso esifanele sokushisa nobulukhuni, imifino ingaphila emathangini iminyaka emi-2-5.

Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu

I-Aquarium crayfish isetshenziswa kaningi njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Cishe izinhlobo eziyikhulu zama-arthropods ahlukanisiwe. Ngamunye wabo udinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile nokondla. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-aquarium crayfish azimangalisa ngosayizi futhi zingagcinwa nabanye abahlali bethangi. Cabanga ngabamele abaziwayo kakhulu be-arthropods:

Umdlavuza waseFlorida California unobuqili - umbala obomvu okhanyayo womzimba. Ivumelanisa kahle nezimo zokuphila ezahlukahlukene, engazikhathaleli ekunakekelweni nasekondleni. Ubude bomzimba buyehluka phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-13- ​​13. I-aquarium kufanele imbozwe, njengoba abamele balezi zinhlobo bangaphunyuka ethangini.

Umdlavuza omfushane waseLouisiana uhlala emifuleni nasemachibini aseTexas, e-USA. Ubude bomzimba ngamasentimitha amathathu. Lababantu bayalingana ngosayizi omfishane weswallfish. Isici esibonakalayo kuye ukuba khona kwendawo emnyama egobolondweni. Ingemuva lishintshwa ngamachashazi amnyama amnyama. Ngenxa yobude bayo obuncane bomzimba, ihlangana kahle nezinhlanzi futhi ayinangozi. Njengondlela, isebenzisa izingxenye ezifile ze-algae, izingcezu zenhlanzi efile. Isilinganiso sempilo esiphilayo salolu hlobo yiminyaka emibili. Impilo ntofontofo, udinga indawo yokukhosela.

Umdlavuza weblue Florida uthathwe ngokungemthetho. Endle, inombala onsundu. Umsila ulula kancane kunekhanda. Loluhlobo lungakhula lube ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Ihlala eFlorida. Emvelweni yemvelo uthanda amanzi amdaka. Kufanele kufakwe indawo yokukhosela eningi emathangini, ngoba lolu hlobo lunolaka. Abesilisa abayivezi indawo yabo komunye umuntu. Ukulwa kuvame ukuqubuka phakathi kwezinhlangano, lapho i-arthropods ilimaza kakhulu omunye komunye. Akudingekile ukuwagcina ndawonye nezinhlanzi, njengoba zizingela amakhreyithi ebusuku. Njengokudla sebenzisa izinhlanzi, igobolondo, ukudla okukhethekile ezibhebheni.

Umdlavuza weMarble uthole igama lawo ngenxa yombala wayo ongajwayelekile. Bahlala emanzini amasha. Ubukhulu bokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi abudluli amasentimitha ayi-15. Umzimba upendiwe luhlaza, omnyama noma onsundu. Isici esiyinhloko iphethini emuva, efana namabala emabula. Kuboniswa ngokusobala kubantu abadala. Ekuzalweni, cishe kungabonakali. Njengezihlobo zakhe uphila impilo yobusuku obumnandi. Ekuthuthukisweni okugcwele, ukudla kwamaprotheni kufanele kufakwe ekudleni kaningi ngenyanga. Empilweni yansuku zonke, ungasebenzisa izitshalo, izaqathi zomhluzi, izingcezu ze-zucchini njengokudla.

Umdlavuza wewolintshi omfushane waseMexico uhlala emifuleni nasemanzini amatsha. Esimweni sokufakelwa, insikazi inkulu kakhulu kunowesilisa ngobukhulu. Kuyinto engathandekiyo ezimweni zokuboshwa futhi izwa kahle ezinkombeni zamanzi ezijwayelekile ze-hydrochemical. Kuyadingeka ukuzalanisa la ma-arthropod kuma-aquariums amakhulu. Uthanda ukuchitha isikhathi emashalofini. Isikhathi sokuphila yisilinganiso seminyaka emibili. Idla izitshalo, izingcezu zemifino.

I-Crayfish e-aquarium idinga ukuhambisana nezici ezithile zokulungisa. Isimo esiyinhloko ukuba khona kweteki elikhulu. Zihlala ezansi, ngakho-ke inhlabathi, i-driftwood, amatshe ayadingeka. Ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke kunokudla okuningi kwamaprotheni. Izitshalo azivamile ukudliwa, kuphela lapho kungekho okuphakelayo kwezilwane. Baqoqa okuphakelayo kwezinhlanzi, ama-mollusks afile nezinhlanzi kusuka phansi. Uma une-aquarium enkulu, hlangana nabakhileyo.

I-crayfish ebomvu enezinwele ezibomvu e-Australia ihlala emanzini amasha. Ngenqubo yokuphila ingakhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-20. Isici esiyinhloko ukuba khona kwengqephu ebomvu kwizibuko. Indawo yokuhlala amachibi ase-Australia. Kukhona konke ukudla kwamaprotheni nokudla kwezitshalo ekudleni. Umzimba upendiwe ngombala oluhlaza okotshani. Uthanda amanzi afudumele, akhula ngokushesha ngokudla okunempilo.

Umdlavuza we-Blue Cuban unombala ongajwayelekile. Umbala uncike kwendawo yokuhlala futhi ungaba ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsundu. Ubude bomzimba ngamasentimitha ayi-12-16. Ihlala ezindlini ezingajulile zaseCuba. Ngokuphaka kahle, umuntu uqobo akahambisani nezinhlanzi kanye nezinye izakhamuzi ze-aquarium. Isilinganiso sokuphila esijwayelekile siyiminyaka engama-2-3.

I-white crayfish ihlala emifuleni yase Ntshonalanga Yurophu. Ubude bomzimba buhluka kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-10 kuye kwayi-12. Abesilisa banombala ogqamile. Inemibala emhlophe, ebomvu neorenji. Idla ngokudla kwezitshalo, kepha ayizukunikela okwegazi kanye nezingcezu zenhliziyo yenkomo. Uthanda amanzi amancane anosawoti wobunzima obukhuphukile.

UKUDLA KOKUDoba

Emvelweni, crayfish ikakhulu idla ngokudla kwezitshalo. Ungawondla kanjani umdlavuza? E-aquarium, kudliwa imifino ebilayo, amaphilisi, okusanhlamvu nokudla okukhethekile kwe-crayfish kanye ne-shrimp. Kufanelekile nokuthenga okuphakelayo kwama-canancers ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium.

Ukudla okunjalo kubasiza basheshe babuyise isembozo sabo se-chitinous ngemuva kokuncibilika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, badinga ukuphakwa imifino - isipinashi, i-zucchini, ukhukhamba. Uma une-aquarium enezitshalo, khona-ke unganikeza izitshalo ezengeziwe.

Ngaphandle kwemifino, adla ama-protein feed, kepha awadingi ukunikezwa ngaphezulu kwesonto. Kungaba ucezu lwenhlanzi noma iflishi, ukudla okubukhoma okubandayo. Ama-Aquarists akholelwa ukuthi ukondla umdlavuza ngokudla kwamaprotheni kukhulisa kakhulu ukuvutha kwawo.

Udinga ukondla i-crayfish e-aquarium kanye ngosuku, kepha uma sikhuluma ngemifino, ucezu ikhukhamba, ngokwesibonelo, ungakushiya kuze kuphele isikhathi eside kuze kudliwe i-crayfish.

Ukuvumelana kweCrayfish

Kunzima ukuba ne-crayfish nezinhlanzi. Kunezimo eziningi lapho zihlala ngempumelelo e-aquarium ejwayelekile, kepha ikakhulukazi lapho kudliwa noma inhlanzi noma i-crayfish. I-crayfish ivame ukubamba futhi idle izinhlanzi ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezibiza kakhulu ebusuku.

Noma, uma inhlanzi inkulu ngokwanele, ibulala umdlavuza oncibilikisiwe. Ngamafuphi, okuqukethwe komdlavuza e-aquarium enezinhlanzi kungekudala kuzophela kubi. Ikakhulu uma ugcina nezinhlanzi ezihamba kancane noma inhlanzi ehlala eduze nezansi.

Kepha, ngisho nenhlanzi eshesha kanjena njenge-guppy, ebukeka njengekhululekile nje, eneminyakazo ebukhali yoqhwaku, ilume ngesigamu, njengoba bengingumbona ngamehlo.

Ukufuduka komdlavuza weCherax obhubhisa emfuleni wase-Australia

I-crayfish e-aquarium enama-cichlids, ikakhulukazi amakhulu, ayihlali isikhathi eside. Okokuqala, uhlobo lwophondo lwembali yecichlid luhlakaza umdlavuza okhule ngokugcwele (kukhona nevidiyo esihlokweni ngesixhumanisi), futhi okwesibili, ama-cichlid amancane nawo angawabulala ngesikhathi sokuncibilika.

Umdlavuza nge-shrimp, njengoba ungacabanga, awuhambelani. Noma bedla omunye komunye, ke ukudla i-shrimp akuyona inkinga kuye.

ICrayfish izophinda ibambe, inyathele noma idle izitshalo zakho. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ezilimaza kangaka, kodwa iningi. Ukugcina izinhlanzi ezinamaphaza emanzini e-aquarium ngezitshalo kuwumsebenzi oyize. NGEMPELA

noma usike futhi udle cishe noma yiziphi izinhlobo. Ukuphela kwento ezoba ngumdlavuza omfushane wase-Mexico, kuyinto enokuthula impela, incane futhi ayizithinti izitshalo.

Kanye nezinye izakhamizi

Ama-Arthropods ngokuvamile awaxabani hhayi nezinhlanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izakhamizi zase-aquarium.

Ukuzigcina nge-shrimp - azisebenzi, njengoba zikudla.

Bemba ezinye izitshalo ze-aquarium futhi bayathanda ukugaya ama-mink ngaphansi kwezimpande ze-algae. Futhi uzisebenzisele ukudla.

Kungenzeka yini ukugcina i-crayfish e-aquarium?

Kungenzeka, kepha akuhlali isikhathi eside futhi nakanjani akunakuyiqukethe nezinhlanzi nezitshalo. I-crayfish yethu inkulu impela futhi inobuhlakani, ibamba futhi idle izinhlanzi, izitshalo zokhula.

Akahlali isikhathi eside, ngoba le nhlobo ingamanzi abandayo, sinamanzi afudumele ehlobo kuphela, futhi nangaleso sikhathi, phansi kubanda impela. Futhi i-aquarium ifudumele kunokuba idinga. Uma ufuna ukukuqukethe, zama. Kodwa, kuphela ku-aquarium ehlukile.

Umdlavuza waseFlorida (California) (Procambarus clarkii)

I-Red Florida crayfish ingelinye lama-crayfish athandwa kakhulu atholakala e-aquarium. Bathandwa ngombala wabo, obomvu okhanyayo futhi ongacabangi. Ekhaya, zivame kakhulu futhi zithathwa njengezinhlobo ezihlaselayo.

Njengomthetho, baphila iminyaka emibili noma emithathu, noma isikhathi eside futhi bazivumelanise kahle nezimo ezihlukile. Bafinyelela ubude bomzimba obungamasentimitha ayi-12-16. Njengamakhaningi amaningi, amakhosi abaleka eFlorida ne-aquarium kufanele imbozwe ngokuqinile.

IMarble Crayfish (Imabula crayfish / Procambarus sp.)

Okuhle ukuthi bonke abantu bangabesifazane futhi bangazala ngaphandle komlingani. I-marble crayfish ikhula ibe ngu-15 cm ubude, futhi ungafunda ngezici zokuqukethwe kofishi bokumabula lapha.

I-apula lababhubhisi linombala omuhle, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuwenza uthandwe. Ngokwemvelo, iphila cishe iminyaka engama-4-5, kepha e-aquarium ingaphila isikhathi eside, ngenkathi ingafinyelela ku-20 cm ubude.

Umbhubhisi uhlala e-Australia, kanti ama-yabby abizwa ngokuthi ama-aborigine. Isichazamazwi segama lesayensi siguqulelwa njengombhubhisi, yize lokhu akulona iqiniso, ngoba i-apula alinalo nolaka kunezinye izinhlobo zekhreyfish. Zihlala emvelweni emanzini anodaka ngamathayi amanzi abuthakathaka njengamanje futhi amaningi.

Kufanele igcinwe kumazinga okushisa angama-20 kuye kwangama-26 ° C. Iyabekezelela ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa okukhulu, kepha ngamazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-20 ° C ayeki ukukhula, futhi lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-26 ° C lingafa.

Ukuze unxephezele ukulahleka kwentsha, insikazi ifafaza iZaraz ukusuka kuma-crustaceans angama-500 kuye kwangama-1000.

I-Blue Florida Cancer (Procambarus alleni)

Emvelweni, le nhlobo ijwayelekile, insundu. Umnyama omncane ku-cephalothorax futhi ulula emsileni. Umdlavuza ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka wanqoba umhlaba wonke, kepha imibala enjalo yatholakala ngokwezifiso. Njengoba igama lisho, umdlavuza oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uhlala eFlorida, futhi ukhula cishe ngo-8-10 cm.

I-Procambarus alleni ihlala emanzini amile aseFlorida futhi ibambe imigodi emifushane ngesikhathi sekwehla kwamazinga wamanzi ngezikhathi ezithile. Inani lezinsana elethwa yintokazi lincike kusayizi walo futhi lisukela ku-100 laya ku-150 abasha, kepha izintokazi ezinkulu ziyakwazi ukuletha zingu-300 ezisencane. Amaviki ambalwa okuqala, akhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi amancanyana anciphisa zonke izinsuku.

I-Louisiana Dwarf Cancer (i-Cambarellus shufeldtii)

Lo umdlavuza omncane obomvu onsundu noma onsundu onemivimbo emnyama eqonde phezulu komzimba. Izinselo zalo mncane, zihamba ngobude futhi zibushelelezi. Isikhathi sokuphila cishe sinezinyanga eziyi-15-18, kanti abesilisa baphila isikhathi eside, kepha bavuthwa ngokocansi ngemuva kwezinsikazi. Lo ngumdlavuza omncane okhula ube ngu-3-4 cm ubude.

Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo, ingenye yamakhrayoni anokuthula kakhulu angagcinwa nezinhlanzi ezihlukile.

Umdlavuza womdlavuza waseLouisiana e-USA, eningizimu yeTexas, e-Alabama, naseLouisiana. Izinsikazi ziphila isikhathi esingunyaka lapho zizalela amaqanda azo kabili, zithwale cishe amasonto amathathu. I-caviar encane, kusuka ezingcebeni ezingama-30 kuye kwezingama-40.

Umdlavuza obomvu wase-Australia (Red-toed) (Cherax quadricarinatus)

I-crayfish evuthiwe ingaqashelwa kalula ukuphuma kwe-spike-like on the Claws of men, kanye nemivimbo ebomvu ekhanyayo kwizibuko. Umbala ususela kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya kokumnyama, okunamabala aphuzi egobolondweni.

I-red-clawfishfish ihlala e-Australia, emifuleni yasenyakatho yeQueensland, lapho ihlala ngaphansi kwezihlahla namatshe, icashe kubazingeli. Idla kakhulu i-detritus kanye nezinto ezincane zasemanzini, eziqoqayo ezansi kwemifula namachibi. Ikhula ibe ngu-20 cm ubude.

Owesifazane ukhiqiza kakhulu futhi ubeka amaqanda angama-500 kuye kwangama-1500, aqukethe cishe izinsuku ezingama-45.

I-Blue Cuban Cancer (Procambarus cubensis)

Ihlala eCuba kuphela. Ngaphezu kombala okhangayo, kuyajabulisa futhi ukuthi ikhula ngo-10 cm kuphela futhi ingagcinwa e-aquarium encane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayinambulelo futhi ibekezelela izimo ezihlukile ngokuya ngokuqukethwe.

Kuliqiniso, ngaphandle kobukhulu obuncane bomdlavuza ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka we-aquarium, unolaka futhi udla izitshalo ze-aquarium.

Izinhlobo ze-aquarium crayfish

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zekhrayrayfish futhi akunakwenzeka ukuzichaza, kodwa uma uthatha isinqumo sokuba ne-aquarium crayfish, khona-ke okokuqala kufanele unqume ukuthi iyiphi i-aquarium ozozigcina kanye nenhlanzi noma kwenye? Ngokugcina i-crayfish kanye nenhlanzi, imfishifish emincane kufaneleke kangcono. Lezi zinhlobo zamakhrayoni amancane, ngokungafani nozakwabo abakhulu, zingadli imifino yasemanzini futhi azihlaseli inhlanzi, futhi kwezinye izikhathi amakati amancanyana ngokwawo kufanele asindiswe ezinhlanzini ezinkulu ezinolaka futhi, uma kungenzeka, angazigcini e-aquarium eyodwa.

Owe-crayfish abizwa ngomndeni wakwaCambarellus. Zivamile e-United States ogudla uMfula iMississippi naseMexico. Abamele abancane kakhulu baleli qembu bakhula babe ngama-3 cm ubude, amakhulu kunawo wonke afinyelele ku-4,5 cm. Crayfish crawfish ihlangana kahle nenani labantu base-aquarium, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa impilo ezungezile. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-crayfish luzokwehla luzogcinwa echibini elihlukile, kepha uma izimo zohlobo ngalunye zilungile.

Umdlavuza omfushane wase Swamp (Cambarellus puer). Homeland - Mexico kanye namaphethelo oMfula iMississippi e-United States. Ungowomndeni wakwaCambarellus, ohlanganisa uhlobo oluthile lozalo. Bomvu onsundu kube ngwempunga, enemibala emnyama, ebhangqiwe, noma umugqa onamachashaza phezu kobuso be-dorsal. Umsila uvame ukuba nebala elimnyama phakathi nendawo. Imikhaza imincane futhi yinde. Hambisana kahle nezinhlanzi ezincane ezithanda ukuthula.

Umdlavuza wesishanguzi sowesifazane ukhula ube ngamasentimitha angama-3-4, kuthi abesilisa kube amasentimitha angu-2-2,5. Izimo zokuqukethwe: Ukushisa 15-27 ° C, dH 5-10 °, pH 6.5-7.8. Bayakuthanda ukumba inhlabathi. Inhlabathi - amatshe amatshe anesihlabathi noma amancanyana. Inani elikhulu lendawo yokukhosela liyafiseleka - imishanguzo, amatshe, amagobolondo, amabhodwe angenalutho, njll. I-aquarium yamalitha angama-60 ngamakhrayoni ayisihlanu kuya kwayisithupha.Ukuhlaliswa ngaphambi kokuhlala kwabantu besifazane lapho okungenani abesifazane besifazane abangama-2-3 kufanele bawele kowesilisa oyedwa. Iminyaka yokuphila engu-2.

Umdlavuza we-dwarf orange (Cambarellus patzcuarensis). Uhlobo oluhehayo kakhulu lwe-aquarium crayfish. Emvelweni, ihlala emifuleni nasemachibini anamanzi amasha, akhiwe eMexico. Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo, insikazi ifinyelela ku-6 cm ubude, kuthi owesilisa kube ngu-4-5,5 cm. Izimo ezifanele zokuboshwa: i-pH 7.0 - 8.5, dGH 10-20, izinga lokushisa lamanzi 18 - 26 ° C. Aquarium kusuka ku-60 l . Umhlabathi ungaba yiluphi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuba nenombolo enkulu yezindawo zokukhosela nokuhlunga okuhle kanye nokukhuculula. Ihambisana nazo zonke izinhlanzi ezingenalo ulaka. Bafinyelela ekukhuleni beneminyaka engu-3.5 - 4 izinyanga. Izinsikazi ezincane ziletha izingcezu eziyi-10 - 15, zivuthwe kakhudlwana - zifike kumashumi amahlanu. Isikhathi sokuphila seminyaka engu-1.5-2.

ILouisiana Dwarf Cancer (Cambarellus shufeldtii). Ikhula ibe ngu-3 cm ubude. Umdlavuza womdlavuza waseLouisiana e-USA, eningizimu yeTexas, e-Alabama, naseLouisiana. Izimo zokuqukethwe ze-Optimum: i-Aquarium kusuka kumalitha angama-60 Ukushisa kwamanzi u-20-25 ° C, dH 5-10 °, pH 6.5-7. I-Aquarium kusuka kumalitha angama-60. Umhlabathi ungaba yiluphi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuba nenombolo enkulu yezindawo zokukhosela nokuhlunga okuhle kanye nokukhuculula. Iminyaka yokuphila engu-2.

Umdlavuza Womkhuhlane WaseMexico (Cambarellus montezumae). Lolu hlobo luhlala emanzini echibi laseMexico iPatzcuaro. Izimo ze-Optimum zesondlo: I-Aquarium kusuka kumalitha angama-70 lokushisa kwamanzi 15-30 ° С, dGH 8, pH 6.4-8.2. Ubukhulu: kufika ku-6 cm. Lezi ziklabishi aziziphathi izitshalo futhi zithande indawo yokukhosela. Kwangathi kungenziwa phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo ezifana neCambarellus patzcuarensis. Isikhathi sokuphila cishe esiyizinyanga eziyi-18.

I-Blue Cuban Cancer (Procambarus cubensis). Ubude bomzimba womdlavuza waseCuba bufika ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Abesilisa banamakhwela amakhulu, kanti amabhangqa ama-2 emilenze yokubhukuda aguqulwe aba yi-gonopodia - i-genitalia yangaphandle. Izinsikazi azinayo imilenze yokuqala yokubhukuda, noma zincane kakhulu ngosayizi kunabesilisa. I-Aquarium kusuka kumalitha ayi-100. Njenge-substrate, isihlabathi, ama-chimu we-limestone noma imabula asetshenziswa. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingama-20- 26 ° degrees, pH 7-8 no-dH 10-20 °. Isikhathi sokuphila seCuba oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka crayfish sifinyelela eminyakeni emi-3.

I-Red Florida Swamp Cancer (Procambarus clarkii). Ihlala ezindaweni ezihlala eningizimu mpumalanga Melika. Ubude bomzimba womdlavuza obomvu waseFlorida bufika ngamasentimitha ayi-10 - 13. Izimo ze-Optimum zokulondolozwa: izinga lokushisa lamanzi 23-28 ° C, ubulukhuni obuphakathi ne-10-15 dGH, i-pH 7.2-7.5, ukuhlunga, ukuqhutshwa kokushiswa kwamanzi kanye nesonto kufinyelela ku-20% wevolumu ye-aquarium nakho kuyadingeka. Kumakhankethi amancane ayi-6-10, kudingeka umthamo wamalitha ayi-150-200. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi kube nenani elikhulu lamakhephelo enziwe ngamatshe, imishayo, obumba, njll., Ngokuntuleka kwezindawo zokukhosela baba nolaka kakhulu futhi bavame ukungqubuzana. I-Red Florida crayfish ithanda kakhulu ukugaya umhlabathi. Isilinganiso sokuphila esilinganiselwe seminyaka emithathu.

I-White Florida Cancer (Procambarus Clarkii). Indawo yokuhlala yase-US. Kuholela empilweni yansuku zonke. Unokuthula, angaphila nezinhlanzi kanye ne-shrimp. Ikhula ibe ngu-12 cm. Izimo ezifanele zokuboshwa: izinga lokushisa lamanzi 22-27 ° C, pH 6-7. Gcina ngokuncamelayo kuma-aquariums anendawo engezansi ka-100 cm x 40 cm. Isihlabathi asifiseleki njengomhlabathi. E-aquarium, yokulungiswa kwabantu abaningana, indawo engezansi nendawo yokukhosela kufanele yanele. Imibala yasendle ibomvu ikakhulukazi, izinhlobo zohlobo lokuzala zingaba nombala omhlophe, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, owolintshi. Isikhathi sokuphila sifika eminyakeni emi-5.