I-Suriname Pipa - I-Toad, ongatholakala emanzini ase-Amazon aseNingizimu Melika. Lolu hlobo lwendlu kaPip, isigaba se-amphibian. Isele eliyingqayizivele liyakwazi ukuthwala inzalo ngqo ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu.
Incazelo nezici zesakhiwo seSipinamese pipa
Isici esihlukile sabakhubazekile ukwakheka komzimba wakhe. Uma ubheka isithombe sikaPipa Surinamese, ubungafunga ukuthi isele liwela ngengozi ngaphansi kweqhwa. Umzimba omncane, ogobekile ufana neqabunga lesihlahla siphelelwe yisikhathi kunokuba umhlali ophilayo wamanzi afudumele omfula oshisayo.
Inhloko inesimo esingunxantathu, iphinde ibe bushelelezi, njengomzimba. Amehlo amancane, angenamashiya, atholakala phezulu kwesiqalo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amasele akhonkotha ulimi olungekho namazinyo. Esikhundleni salokho, emakhoneni omlomo, isilevu sinamachashaza esikhumba afana namatende.
Izinduna zangaphambili ziphela ngeminwe emide ngaphandle kwezinswelaboya, ngaphandle kolwelwesi, njengoba kunjalo ngamasele ajwayelekile. Kepha izitho zomzimba wasemuva zifakwe emphewini wesikhumba onamandla phakathi kweminwe. Lokhu kuvumela isilwane esingajwayelekile ukuzizwa sithembele ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Ukuba nokungaboni kahle, iminwe ebucayi isiza i-peepe ikwazi ukuhamba ngaphansi kwamanzi
Umzimba womuntu ojwayelekile awudluli ku-12 cm, kepha kukhona nama-giants, ubude bawo angafinyelela ku-20 cm. Isikhumba se-Surinamese pipa siqinile, sibunjiwe, kwesinye isikhathi sinamabala amnyama emhlane waso.
Umbala awufani ngemibala egqamile, imvamisa isikhumba esinsundu grey nesisu esikhanyayo, imvamisa enomucu omude omude okhuphuka umphimbo futhi uzungeze intamo yesele. Ngaphezu kokuntuleka kwemininingwane yangaphandle, i-pipa "enikezwe" imvelo iphunga elinamandla elifana nephunga le-hydrogen sulfide.
Indlela yokuphila yaseSurinamese nokudla okunempilo
I-Surinamese pipa kumachibi afudumele anodaka, ngaphandle kwesivinini esinamandla. Kukhona i-pipa yaseMelika endaweni nabantu - emiseleni yokunisela emasimini. I-favourite silty ayithandayo isebenza njengokudla kwesiqalo.
Ngeminwe emide, amasele akhulula inhlabathi enobuwula, ehudula ukudla emlonyeni wayo. Ukukhula kwesikhumba okuyisipesheli emabunzini asezingeni le-asterisks kuyamsiza kulokhu, yingakho i-pipa ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "i-star gunner".
Ama-pipa aseSurinamese izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ezembiwe emhlabathini. Kungaba yizicucu zezinhlanzi, izibungu nezinye izinambuzane ezicebile ngamaprotheni.
Yize iqiniso lokuthi isele likhulise izici zezilwane zasemhlabeni (isikhumba esiqinile namaphaphu aqinile), i-pipe ayibonakali ebusweni.
Ukukhishwa kuyizikhathi zezimvula ezinamandla ezindaweni zasePeru, e-Ecuador, eBolivia nakwezinye izindawo zaseNingizimu Melika. Lapho-ke amatholethi ashubile ahlahlekela emanzini futhi ahambisane namakhulu amamitha ukusuka endlini, egcwele izixha zemvula ezinodaka nezifudumele.
Ngenxa yesikhumba somama, yonke inzalo ye-pipa ihlala iphila
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Ukuqala kwezimvula zesizini kusebenza njengophawu lokuqala kwenkathi yokuzalanisa. Ama-pextin aseSurinamese awobungqingili, yize kunzima ukwahlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane. Owesilisa uqala umdanso wokuphelisa “ngengoma”.
Ngokukhipha ngokuchofoza ngensimbi, umgadli wenza kucace kowesifazane ukuthi usekulungele yini ukuzala. Lapho ifika kokhethiweyo, insikazi iqala ukuphonsa amaqanda angenazimpawu emanzini. Owesilisa udedela isidoda ngokushesha, anikeze impilo entsha.
Ngemuva kwalokho, umama okhulelwe ulala ezansi abambe amaqanda alungele intuthuko emuva kwakhe. Owesilisa udlala indima ebalulekile kulesi senzo, ngokulinganisa esabalalisa amaqanda ngemuva kowesifazane.
Ngemilenze yesisu nangemuva, icindezela iqanda ngalinye esikhunjeni, yakhe ingqamuzana elifanayo. Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, wonke umhlana wexoxo usufana neju lezinyosi. Uma eseqedile umsebenzi wakhe, ubaba onganaki ushiya insikazi ngenzalo yesikhathi esizayo. Kulokhu indima yakhe njengenhloko yomndeni iyaphela.
Esithombeni, amaqanda upelepele anamathiselwe emuva kuye
Ezinsukwini ezingama-80 ezizayo, uPipa uzobe ephethe amaqanda emhlane wakhe, efana nohlobo lwenkulisa. Ilitha elilodwa sela i-toad kukhiqiza amasele amancane ayi-100. Yonke inzalo etholakala ngemuva kukamama okhulelwe inesisindo esingama-385 amagremu. Vumelana, hhayi umthwalo olula we-puny amphibian enjalo.
Lapho iqanda ngalinye selizinzile endaweni yalo, ingxenye yalo engaphandle imbozwe ngumbre oqinile owenza umsebenzi wokuvikela. Ukujula kweseli kufinyelela ku-2 mm.
Ukuba semzimbeni kamama, imibungu ithola emzimbeni wakhe zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo ukuze ikhule. Amahlukaniso “eju lezinyosi” ahlome kakhulu ngemithambo yegazi enikeza ukudla nomoya-mpilo.
Ngemuva kwamaviki awu-11 kuya kwe-12 ukunakekelwa kwabomama, izinsana ezincane zidabula ifilimu yeseli labo bese zingena emhlabeni omkhulu wamanzi. Bazimele ngokuphelele ukuze bahole indlela yokuphila esondele kakhulu endleleni yokuphila komuntu omdala.
Izikhwanyana ezincane zishiya amaseli wazo
Yize izingane zizalwa emzimbeni womama owakhiwe, le nto ayithathwa njengeyokuzalwa ngokuzalwa. Amaqanda akhula kanye nabanye abamele ama-amphibians, umehluko oyingqayizivele kuphela indawo yentuthuko yesizukulwane esisha.
Kukhululwe kumasele amancane, ingemuva lepayipi le-surinamese kudinga ukubuyekeza. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, ubuhlalu buthinta isikhumba sakhe ematsheni nakulwelwe, ngaleyo ndlela alahle "indawo yengane" yakudala.
Kuze kube isizini elandelayo yemvula, ixoxo le-peep lingaphila ubumnandi. Izilwane ezincane zizokwazi ukuzala ngokuzimela kuphela lapho zifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-6 ubudala.
UPipa ubuye emuva kokuzalwa kwezingane ezincane
Ukuzala i-Surinamese pipa ekhaya
Futhi ukubukeka noma iphunga elixakile akumisi abathandi bangaphandle ekukhuliseni lesi silwane esimangalisayo ekhaya. Ukubuka inqubo yokuthwala izibungu nokuzalwa kwamaxoxo amancane akumnandi hhayi ezinganeni kuphela kodwa nakubantu abadala.
Ukuze uPipa azizwe ekhululekile, udinga i-aquarium enkulu. Isele elilodwa lidinga okungenani amalitha ayi-100 amanzi. Uma uhlela ukuthenga abantu ababili noma abathathu - engeza ngayinye ngenani elifanayo.
Amanzi kufanele aerated kahle, ngakho-ke nakekela uhlelo olunjalo lwe-oxygenation ye-aquarium ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Umbuso wokushisa kufanele ubhekwe ngokucophelela. Umaka akufanele ube ngaphezulu kwe-28 C futhi ngaphansi kokushisa kwe-24 C.
Phansi, udrako omuhle ngesihlabathi uvame ukuthululwa. I-arble yokwakha noma ephilayo izosiza iSuriname toad ukuzizwa usekhaya. Ezintweni zokudla, i-pipi akuyona into emnandi. Kubo, ukudla okwomile kwama-amphibians, kanye nezibungu, izibungu zomhlaba kanye nezincanyana zezinhlanzi ezibukhoma, kufanelekile.
Ukukhulekelwa kwesimilo esiqine ngokumangazayo sabakhulelwe kwabase-amphibians, umlobi wezingane (kanye nesazi sesayensi yezempilo yethutyana) uBoris Zakhoder wanikezela enye yezinkondlo zakhe kusihlalo waseSurinamese. Ngakho-ke ixoxo elikude nelincane elaziwa ukuthi alaziwa kuphela eNingizimu Melika, kodwa naseRussia.
Habitat
Amasele aseSurinamese ahlala e-Amazon futhi ezivamile emazweni alandelayo:
- INingizimu Melika
- EPeru
- EBrazil
- Bolivia.
UPipa usebenzisa impilo yakhe yonke emanzini. Imvamisa la maxoxo ahlala echibini elincane futhi angawashiyi kukho konke impilo yawo. Kunezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa zama-ubuhlalu baseSurinamese. Abahambi babika ukuthi i-pipa iphila ngendlela ezolile nexakile. Ukuthungela phansi ngasolwandle ngaphansi kwamaxhaphozi amahlathi. Futhi, abanye abantu bale nhlobo bahlala emiseleni yokunisela, emasimini.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Ikhanda le-pipa lingunxantathu ngesimo futhi lifane ncamashi nomzimba wonke walesi sitshalo esishisayo. Amehlo abheke phezulu kobuso, anezinkophe futhi amincane kakhulu ngosayizi. Enye yezinto ezithakazelisa kakhulu yipheshana esiswini ukungabikho kwamazinyo nolimi kulezi zilwane. Esikhundleni salokho, izitho zokugaya ziguqulwa iziqeshana zesikhumba ezisezindongeni zomlomo. Babukeka ngandlela-thile njengamatende.
Ividiyo: Pipa
Omunye umehluko obalulekile ovela kuwo wonke amanye amasele - imilenze yangaphambili yalesi se-amphibian ayinazitho zokugcina ekugcineni nokuphela kwayo ngeminwe eyeluliwe. Futhi yini okumangazayo kakhulu - azikho izigqoko kubo, ezihlukanisa i-pipa yaseSurinamese kuzo zonke izilwane eziphakeme bebonke. Kepha emilenzeni yasemuva kukhona imigoqo yesikhumba, iyahlukahluka ngamandla ayo futhi itholakala phakathi kweminwe. Lawa mafolda enza ukunyakaza kwexoxo ngaphansi kwamanzi liqiniseke kakhulu.
Ubude bomzimba we-pipa laseSurinamese cishe abudluli kuma-cm angama-20. Akuvamile lapho kutholakala abantu abakhulu okuthi ubude bawo bufika ku-22-23 cm.Isikhumba salesi silo sinolaka kakhulu futhi sisontekile ngesakhiwo saso, kwesinye isikhathi ungabona amabala amnyama ngemuva. Enye “impumelelo” ebaluleke kakhulu yokuziphendukela kwemvelo evumela i-pipa yaseSurinamese ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zezemvelo imfushane (ngokungafani neningi lamasele ase tropical). Lamaxoxo anesikhumba esinsundu grey nesisu esikhanyayo.
Imvamisa kuba nomucu omnyama oza emqaleni futhi umboze intamo yesoad, ngaleyo ndlela enze umngcele kuwo. Iphunga elingathandeki, elingajabulisi lesilwane esivele sikhangeleka kancane lisebenza ukuvimbela izisulu ezingaba khona (“iphunga” elifana ne-hydrogen sulfide).
Umsoco, Ukuziphatha
Idla nge-pipa engatholakala ezansi. Isebenzisa isandulelo, isele likhulula phansi, sizama ukubamba izinhlayiya ezinomsoco. Izinhlobo eziphambili - iSuriname toad, iyasebenza ebusuku, ayishiyi umzimba wamanzi.
Naphezu kothando olukhethekile lwamanzi, amasele alezi zinhlobo anawo Ukuphefumula kwe-pulmonary nesikhumbaisimilo sezinhlobo zomhlaba.
Abesilisa ngesikhathi sokukhwelana benza imisindo ethandekayo, ukuchofoza ngomsindo wensimbi.
Suriname pipa njengesilwane esifuywayo
Uma kufiswa, lezi zidalwa ezingejwayelekile zingagcinwa ekhaya njengesilwane (hhayi wonke umuntu othanda izinja namakati). Kubalulekile ukubanikeza izimo ezifanele. Okokuqala dinga i-aquarium enkulu nejulile (ngaphezu kwamalitha ayikhulu noma amabili). UPipa uhola indlela yokuphila yobusuku, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukumhlinzeka (bona) inani eliphakeme kakhulu “lokukhosela” elincane nokukhanya okujwayelekile okukhanyayo.
Amaxoxo adla ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezincane, ongazisebenzisa:
- Igazi,
- Emhlabeni
- Amapheya amanzi
- Ngisho nezinhlanzi ezincane.
Inqubo yokondla ithatha, ngokwesilinganiso, imizuzu eyishumi. Lapho nje edla, noma imiphi imfucuza kufanele isusweukuze umhlali omusha we-aquarium angathathi noma yikuphi ukutheleleka.
Ukuhlobisa i-aquarium nge-pipa yaseSurinamese ngaphakathi, ungasebenzisa izitshalo zokufakelwa nezangempela, kulokhu akukho mikhawulo. Phansi kungasatshalaliswa ngojishi, yize ubuhlalu buzoba ngokufana ngokuphelele.
Indawo yokuhlala nendawo yokuhlala
Ungathola iSipinamese pipa eSouth America, e-Amazon. Ihlala eSuriname, ePeru, eBolivia nakwamanye amazwe ambalwa. Le amphibian ithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezigeleza kancane noma ezimile ezinamanzi anodaka, enaphansi enodaka. Ngenkathi yemvula, lapho amanzi e-Amazon echitheka ezindaweni ezinkudlwana, ama-Surinamese akhwela, ahamba ngezindawo ezintsha ezizungezile.
Ukubukeka
Uma uzama ukuthola iSipinamese pipa kukholamu yamanzi, ekuqaleni ungayibheka ngephutha leshidi elidala, noma elitshekile. Ukuma nokwakheka komzimba wale amphibian akujwayelekile kakhulu.
Ubukhulu baleli amphibian kwesinye isikhathi bufika kumasentimitha angama-20, kepha ubude bomzimba ojwayelekile ngamasentimitha ayi-12. Umzimba uyisicaba kakhulu, unesimo esiseduze kwexande, uphenduka ngokushelela ekubeni yinhloko yesimo esicwebile sikanxantathu. Umlomo weSipinamese pipa ubanzi kakhulu, awunawo, ngokungafani nezinye izihlobo, ulimi namazinyo.
Amehlo mancane, ngaphandle kwezinkophe, abekwe ngqo ngaphezu komlomo, abheke phezulu. Ukungabikho kwamashiya kuyachazwa ukuthi iSipinamese pipa ichitha cishe sonke isikhathi emanzini, ingaphumi emhlabeni. Yize isikhumba saso esiqinile siguqubele futhi sithuthukisa uhlelo lokuphefumula sivumelaniswa ngokuphelele nokuphila ngaphandle kwemizimba yamanzi.
Izimbambo zeSipinamese pipa azinazimpawu phakathi kweminwe emine eshukumisayo, emaphethelweni ayo kukhona ukuqina kwesimo sezinkanyezi eziningi.
Imilenze yangemuva inamandla, ithuthukisiwe, njengamanye amasele, anama-membrane. Iguqulelwe ngokuphelele ukunyakaza emanzini. Isakhiwo semilenze yangaphambili sivumelaniswa nendlela yokuphila kanye nokudla kwalolu phawu lwe-amphibian. Umbala wesikhumba we-Surinamese pipa yi-camouflage, ukusuka empunga kuya komnyama onsundu, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuthola phakathi kwezidwaba nemisipha yezitha zemvelo.
Enye into emangazayo yeSipinamese pipa yiphunga layo elixakile, elisikhumbuza i-hydrogen sulfide.
Ngokusobala, leli phunga lisebenza njengohlobo lwe- “beacon”, okuvumela abesilisa ukuthola kalula izintokazi emanzini anezinkinga ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Isiphetho
Umhlaba we-amphibians uyamangalisa futhi uhlukene kakhulu kangangokuba uhlala umangazwa ubuhle bemvelo, obabeka izakhamizi zezilwane ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjengobunjwa, imibala, amasayizi, kanye namakhono afanele ukuthandwa, futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, ukulingiswa.
I-Surinamese pipa iyisibonelo esicacile sendlela yokunakekela izingane zakho ezizayo, luhlobo luni lokunakekelwa lokuphatha izingane. Ezinyathelweni zesikhathi esizayo, sizohlangana nommeleli abangaphezu koyedwa othakazelayo nabamangazayo be-amphibians.
Ihlala kuphi i-pipa?
Isithombe: Pipa the Frog
Indawo ethandwa yilesi sithoba yimizimba yamanzi enamanzi afudumele nodaka, angahlukaniswa yithuluzi elinamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusondela kumuntu akumethuseli - Iziqongo zaseSurinamese zihlala eduze kwezindawo zokuhlala zabantu, zivame ukubonwa zingahlali kude namahlathi (ikakhulukazi emiseleni yokunisela). Isilwane simane sinamathisele phansi enodaka - ikakhulu, ungqimba lwesilika yindawo yokuhlala yalo.
Lezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo zihlala endaweni yaseBrazil, Peru, iBolivia neSuriname. Lapho, zibhekwa "njengabantu abaphila ngokuthula bazo zonke izidumbu zamanzi ahlanzekile" - izindlela zaseSurinamese zihola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini kuphela. Lamaxoxo angabonakala kalula hhayi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamachibi nemifula kuphela, kepha futhi nasemiseleni yokunisela etholakala emasimini.
Ngisho nesikhathi eside sesomiso asikwazi ukubaphoqa ukuthi bahlubukele emhlabathini oqinile - i-pipa ithanda ukuhlala ngaphandle emiphongolweni eyomile. Kepha kanye nenkathi yemvula, isibhakabhaka sangempela siqala ngabo - amasele athatha imiphefumulo yawo ngokugcwele, ahamba nokugeleza kwamanzi emvula emahlathini agcwele imvula.
Okumangaza kakhulu uthando olunamandla lwe-Pip Surinamese lwamanzi - unikezwe iqiniso lokuthi lezi zilwane zinamaphaphu akhule kahle nesikhumba esibi, esinamafutha (lezi zibonakaliso ziyisimo sezilwane zomhlaba). Imizimba yabo ifana neqabunga elincane eline-quadrangular elinezinhlangothi ezibukhali ezinhlangothini zalo. Indawo yokuguqula inhloko emzimbeni empeleni ayivezwanga. Amehlo ahlala ebheka phezulu.
Ama-aquarium esintu asephenduke enye indawo yokuhlala kwe-Surinamese peeps. Naphezu kokubukeka okungathandeki kangako nephunga eliphumayo le-hydrogen sulfide, abantu abathanda izilwane ezixakile bayakujabulela ukuzala la maxoxo angaqondakali ekhaya. Bavumelana ngamabomu ukuthi kuyathakazelisa kakhulu futhi kunokwazisa ukuqapha inqubo yokuzala izibungu ngowesifazane ngokuzalwa okulandelayo kwezidambisi.
Kuleso simo, uma ngemuva kokufunda i-athikili uzoyizwa uzwela i-Surinamese peep bese uthatha isinqumo ngokuqinile sokuthola ixoxo elinjalo ekhaya, khona lapho vele ulungiselele i-aquarium enkulu. I-amphibian eyodwa kufanele okungenani ibe namalitha amanzi ayi-100. Kumuntu ngamunye olandelayo - ivolumu efanayo.Kungani kunezinkolo - kuvela, Pipa naseSurinam kuphela zasendle Ufika esetshenziswa ngokweyame kunoma yimiphi imibandela. Ekudingisweni, uhlangabezana nengcindezi enkulu, futhi ukuze lesi silwane sivelise izingane, kufanele sinikezwe izimo eziningana.
Lezi zihlanganisa:
- ukuqinisekisa unomphela aquarium-mpilo saturation,
- izimo zokushisa ezingaguquki. Iyehla iyenyuka lamanani amukelekile ku ezahlukene 28C ukuba 24C,
- Ukudla ukwehluka. Lamaxoxo awadingi ukondliwa hhayi kuphela ngokudla okomisiwe kwezilwane zasemanzini, kodwa futhi nangezikelemu zomhlaba, izibungu zezinambuzane zasemanzini kanye nezingcezu zezinhlanzi ezintsha.
Ukuze abahlala Pipa aquarium naseSurinam wazizwa lihlale kahle ngangokunokwenzeka, phansi kufanele uthele esihlabathini uhlalwane esihle kanye ulwelwe ophilayo.
I Pipa kunikwe amandla?
Photo: Pipa emanzini
izinzwane yazo enamandla eside ngezidladla phambi, iselesele inhlabathi okuxekethile uyathola ukudla, bese ithumela it emlonyeni wakhe. Kuyasiza yena enkambweni enjalo wekuvana neziqu kwi izinyawo. Ngokucatshangelwa ukuthi bafana kahle nezinkanyezi, lesi sithabu sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "inkanyezi-inja". Surinamese frog Ukudla siqukethe ezihlukahlukene izinsalela organic elise ezansi ichibi, emhlabathini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udla Pipa:
- inhlanzi encane nefry,
- izibungu
- izinambuzane yasemanzini.
Amaxoxo Pipa acishe never abadlala kwamanzi. Ngokungafani namasele, ejwayelekile ukubona, awahlali esixhaphozini futhi awazibambi izinambuzane ezindizayo ngezilimi zawo ezinde. Yebo, banalo isikhumba emangelengele, semali ukukhanya, kodwa anamandla Pipa naseSurinam kuphela esekujuleni kwezinhliziyo odakeni, noma nje kokuba emanzini.
Ngokuphathelene zemvula - abanye abacwaningi kuveziwe zemvula, le izilwane zasemhlabeni South America ivele yasebhange futhi unqobe namakhulu amakhilomitha ukuze uthole efudumele futhi amaxhaphozi ezingcolile, okuyinto zitholakala eduze imvula. Kusebenza lapho bafudumele bese besika elangeni.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ukondla frog PP. Ake sibone-ke uhlala kanjani endle.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Suriname Pipa
Njengezinye amaxoxo eziningi zasezindaweni ezishisayo, nge shallowing nokwesula emadanyini, Pipa naseSurinam isikhathi eside ngokuhlala e ezinodaka, engajulile amaxhaphozi noma anemifantu, ezilindele izikhathi ezingcono. Wethuka, amphibian ngokushesha dive ukuba phansi, ahlala emgodini ojulile odakeni.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungahlali ugxile ezicini zokuziphatha kwama-tadpoles ahlanjiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, tadpoles eqinile bavame kanjani ukufinyelela kwamanzi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ukuba siqonde ukusekela ukuphila emoyeni bubble. "Inzalo" engaqinile Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuwele phansi futhi iflothi kwamanzi njengoba imizamo nje mayelana 2-3.
Ngemuva kokuba amaphaphu abo evulekile, amatheku angakwazi ukubhukuda ngokuqondile. Futhi kulesi sigaba, bona umbukiso imfundo yokuziphatha --ke kulula ukubaleka ezilwaneni eziyingozi futhi aklaba. Ixoxo eziyizimbangela phambi wakhuthazelela emhlane wakhe, ngemva tadpoles bazokwenza lokho nakuBafana ngokumelene amatshe, befuna ukususa izinsalela amaqanda. Ngemuva kokuncibilika, insikazi evuthiwe ngokocansi ibuye isilungele ukuzala.
Amandla tadpoles senzeka kusukela ngosuku 2nd ezimpilweni zabo. Ukudla kwawo main (Nokho ongaziwa kungase kuzwakale) - ciliates namagciwane ngenxa uhlobo sabo sokudla zingabantu isihlungi esebenza ngogesi (njenge izimbaza). I-Nettle powder ilungele ukondliwa okudingayo. Lokuzaliswa nokuThuthukiswa Surinamese PIP kwenzeka ngesikhathi T (vivo) ka 20 kuya ku-30 ° C kanye nobulukhuni amayunithi ayibi ngaphezu kuka-5.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Photo: Ixoxo Common Suriname Toad
Owesilisa ezenzweni zocansi wenza imisindo ethile yokuchofoza, ngokusobala ekhombisa intokazi ukuthi ikulungele ukumjabulisa futhi ihehe ukuchitha isikhathi. Iduna nensikazi izimisele ukushada umdanso ilungelo ngaphansi kwamanzi (enqubeni futhi "ahlola" nomunye). Insikazi ibekela amaqanda ambalwa - parallel nalokhu, "ukukhetha kwakhe" ukuchelela nabo isidoda sakhe.
Emva kwalokho, insikazi iya phansi, lapho amaqanda avundiselwe khona awela ngqo emhlane wakhe bese inamathela kuye ngokushesha. Iduna nawo uhilelekile kule nqubo, ngokucindezela amaqanda ukuze umlingani imilenze yakhe indluzelekazi. imizamo Joint abayiphethe ukuzisabalalisa ngokulinganayo kumaseli asezindaweni ezikahle kulo lonke emuva insikazi sika. Inani lamaqanda kwelinye lama-clutch liyahlukahluka kusuka ku-40 kuye ku-144.
Isikhathi lapho frog bayothwala nenzalo yabo ngokulandelana izinsuku 80. Isisindo "wemithwalo" ne amaqanda esisogwini ngemuva esifazane, imayelana 385 amagremu - anganqamuki ukugqoka a bamba for Pipa kuyinto umsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Inzuzo yalesi sakhiwo sokunakekela izingane ilele ekutheni lapho eseqedile inqubo yokwenziwa kwemashi, embozwe ulwelwesi olunamandla oluvikelayo olunikeza isivikelo esithembekile. I kwamaseli ukujula, okuyinto ibekwe amaqanda, kuze 2 mm.
Njengoba, eqinisweni, emzimbeni kamama, imibungu eyatholakala kusukela umzimba wakhe konke badinga sokuchuma yimpumelelo izakhamzimba. Ama-partitions ahlukanisa amaqanda komunye nomunye angena kakhulu emikhunjini - ngawo umoya-mpilo kanye nezakhi ezincibilikisiwe kungena inzalo. Somewhere emasontweni 11-12 lokuzalwa avele Pipa ngimncane kunalokho. Impumelelo ubudala ovuthiwe - iminyaka 6 kuphela. Isikhathi sokuzala sihlangana nesikhathi semvula. Lokhu akusona isimanga, ngoba Pipa, ukudlula noma iyiphi enye Ukhala uthanda amanzi.
Izitha zemvelo PIP
Photo: Toad Surinamese pipa
Pipa naseSurinam kunazo ukuphathwa sangempela izinyoni ezishisayo, abahlukumezi eliwumhlaba nezilwane eziphila ezweni emikhulu. izinyoni Ngokuphathelene - ngokuvamile ukukuxoxela lezi amaxoxo ilunga lomndeni Corvidae, duck kanye inyoni ye-pheasant. Kwesinye isikhathi zidliwa yizingwamza, ama-ibhibhi, ama-heron. Ngokuvamile izinyoni ngokubabazekayo futhi yizicukuthwane sim uphathe ngiyothatha isilwane on the fly.
Kodwa ingozi enkulu ukuba Surinamese Pipa izinyoka, ikakhulukazi - amanzi (kanye wonke amanye amaxoxo ophilayo wonke amazwekazi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nokufihla okumangalisayo akubasizi lapha - ekuzingeleni, okuhuqayo kuthambekele kakhulu emizweni ethambile kanye nencazelo yokushisa okukhishwa yizinto eziphilayo. Elikhulu bog namahobhe asendle futhi engakwenqeni udle frog.
Futhi uma abantu abadala kufanele okungenani abanye ithuba ukuze asindise ukuphila kwakhe, babaleka ngokushesha noma efihliweyo kusukela abawasukelayo yakhe, tadpoles ngokuphelele ukuzivikela. Eziningi zazo ziyafa, zaba ukudla kwezinambuzane zasemanzini, izinyoka, izinhlanzi kanye nezinyoka. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, owakhileyo Echibini ezishisayo ngamunye "siyogunyazwa" ukudla tadpoles.
Imfihlo ngokusinda kuphela kuba inombolo - nje yokuthi kanye Pipa zesifazane Surinamese lizalela amaqanda angaba ngu 2,000, usindisa zinhlobo ekuqothulweni futhi ivumela ukugcina esitebeleni inombolo.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Photo: Kubukeka kanjani pipa
PIP ukusakaza ikakhulu somfula i-Ningizimu Melika River. Lezi amaxoxo kungabonwa cishe kuwo wonke amazwe kuleli zwekazi. Ezinye izazi zezilwane zikuqaphele ukuba khona kwalezi ziphepho eTrinidad naseTobago. umkhawulo Kuqondile senhlobo - kuze kufinyelele ngamamitha 400 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle (okungukuthi, ngisho ngalesi engamamitha khona Surinamese Pipa).
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi Pipa Suriname ngokusemthethweni zibalwa phakathi kwezilwane eziphila ezweni nezilwane, lokhu frog kubhekwa ukubukwa amanzi baphoqwe - ngamanye amazwi, wahlala emanzini, okuyinto kakhulu kukhawulela ukusatshalaliswa labantu zilwane. IPipa Surinamskaya ithanda izihlambi ezinamanzi amile noma igeleze kancane - indawo ithatha amanzi amaningi asemfuleni, kanye namachibi namachibi amancane amahlathi. Ixoxo masterfully kufihlwe amahlamvu awile, ngobuningi esehlanganise phansi echibini. Ngenxa yokuthi kusezweni they nyakazo ngobubhimbi kakhulu futhi (ngokungafani nezinye amaxoxo kakhulu) abakwazi ukwakheka kuzuba olude, kwesigubhu umuntu laliba isisulu esilula.
Ngokuphathelene nesimo sezinhlobo zemvelo, namuhla isibalo se-Surinamese pipa namandla aso kubhekwa njengokuzinzile. Naphezu inani elikhulu izitha zemvelo futhi ithonya isici yabantu, uhlobo ngokuvamile atholakala ngaphakathi endaweni yabo. Ngeke lube khona usongo nesibalo lolu hlobo ungaphenduki, nakuba kwezinye izindawo imakwe nokuncipha labantu ngenxa ukuqaliswa nomsebenzi wezolimo womuntu nokususa isiteshi izindawo abalulekile. IPipa Surinamese ayikho ohlwini lwezinhlobo ezisongela izinombolo, itholakala ezindaweni ezigcinwe lapho.
Pipa NaseSurinam kuhlukile zonke nabanye abameleli abaningi izimfanelo izilwane zasemhlabeni - kuphela akasesiye ulimi senzelwe ekubambeni izinambuzane, ngezidladla kanye claws Awekho ulwelwesi. Kepha ugcotshwe ngokuphelele futhi ungcono kunabo bonke abantu abasemazweni anakekela inzalo, ephethe amaqanda emhlane.
Izici kanye nencazelo Surinamese Pipa
Umehluko wokuqala kusukela nezinye izilwane zasemhlabeni, kuyinto sisekelo wayo. Lapho uqala ukubona i-frog enjalo, ungafunga ukuthi i-skating rink ihambise kaningana. Isidumbu sakhe mncane kakhulu futhi isicaba, kuba kakhulu efana, ishidi elikhulu ubudala lomuthi ngisho simmered, kuba umhlali umfula tropical ngamanzi afudumele, kunzima kakhulu.
NaseSurinam iselesele ikhanda has simise esingunxantathu futhi okufanayo isicaba njengoba wonke umzimba frog. Amehlo itholakala ngaphezulu kobusoAbanaso nezinkophe nabancane kakhulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi laba amaxoxo abanalo amazinyo nolimi. Esikhundleni salokho, i-toad inemichilo yesikhumba etholakala emakhoneni omlomo futhi ifana kakhulu neetende.
Forelegs ukuphila kokubili emanzini nasezweni ngaphandle ulwelwesi kanye ukuqeda iminwe yakhe ende, abangenalo izimpiko, kuba omunye umehluko kusuka kwamanye amasele. Kodwa on the imilenze indluzelekazi kukhona esikhumbeni emphethweni, anamandla kakhulu futhi phakathi kwezinzwane. Lezi emphethweni uvumele frog ukuba azethembe emanzini.
Umzimba wesele elikhulu kakhulu awudluli amasentimitha ayishumi nambili, kepha kunabantu abalukhuni, ubude bawo bungaba ukufinyelela ngamasentimitha amabili. Isikhumba lalesi silwane okungavamile siyahedletela kakhulu futhi isikhumba esishwabene, ungakwazi ngezinye izikhathi ubone ibala elimnyama emhlane wakhe.
Umbala weSipinamese pipa awukhanyi kahle, ikakhulukazi unesikhumba esinsundu grey nesisu esikhanyayo; kungenzeka futhi kube nomucu omnyama oya emphinjeni futhi umboza intamo yesoad, wakhe umngcele kuso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njalo akuyona isilwane ekhangayo uye oyiphunga oqinile ukuthi sifana iphunga-hydrogen sulfide.
Indlela Yokuphila kanye nokudla frog
I-halo yendawo yokuhlala yalesi sitho ngamachibi anamanzi afudumele futhi anodaka, angenawo amandla aqinile. Instrechaetsya futhi abantu eduzeMayelana emasimini ukucelela emiseleni. Uwuthanda impela phansi udaka, uyindawo yokondla i-pipa.
iminwe yakhe ende, okuyizinto ngezidladla phambi, yena pereryhlyaet phansi futhi ngifuna ukudla, bese udonsa ke emlonyeni wakhe. Assistants lokhu neziqu phezu imilenze, okuyinto zifana kakhulu izinkanyezi ngokusebenzisa frog ibizwa ngokuthi "zvezdopaloy".
Ama-Surinamese frog feed, ayizinsalela eziphilayo ezigcwatshwe emhlabathini, ezansi kwerebi. Kungaba:
- izingcezu inhlanzi,
- worm,
- amaprotheni izinambuzane ezicebile.
Amaxoxo Pipa cishe ungalokothi phezu, nakuba babe nazo zonke izimpawu ezweni isilwane:
- sona kanye isikhumba emangelengele,
- amaphaphu aqinile.
Ngaphandle kukhona ngalezo zikhathi lapho eBolivia, Peru, i-Ecuador, nakwamanye amadolobha aseNingizimu Melika, lina kakhulu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka Shubisa ubuhlalu uvele ogwini namakhulu uthuthe amakhilomitha ukuthola efudumele futhi amaxhaphozi ezingcolile eduze imvula, lapho ukufuthelana kanye yokuthamela ilanga.
Ihlala Isikhathi Esingakanani I nokukhiqizwa
Isikhathi sokuzalela kwamaxoxo weSurinamese kuqala lapho kuqala imvula imvula. Lezi Toads kwabobulili ngisho ukuhlukanisa lapho owesilisa nowesifazane, okuyinto akuwona neze umsebenzi olula. Ukunqoba insikazi, iduna kufanele uqale kokuzalela umdanso, okufanele - ingoma.
Ukuze owesimame aqonde ukuthi owesilisa ulungele ukushada, uqala ukukhipha ukubhoboza ukubhoboza. besifazane, ngemva ayoyikhetha besilisa, isondela kuye futhi iphonsa amaqanda angenamuntu emanzini, futhi owesilisa ngokushesha uqala ukukhipha isidoda kubo ukuze anikeze izingane ezizayo.
Ngemva kwesikhashana, owesifazane uya phansi ukubamba amaqanda avundiswa lo wesilisa obhapathiziwe, Ubamba kubo emhlane wakhe. Ibhungu ngalesi sikhathi iwukuba ngokulinganayo ukusabalalisa amaqanda ngemuva umama esizayo.
Wenza amaseli amancane emuva kwensikazi, acindezela iqanda ngalinye lapho ngokwehlukana, azisize ngemilenze yakhe yangasemva nesisu. Ngemva kwamahora amaningana lo msebenzi, ngemuva frog kungenzeka ukudida amaseli. Ngemva lo msebenzi, amahlamvu besilisa ikusasa lakhe izingane nensikazi, futhi ukuphila kwabo ngeke avele.
ISipinamese pipa izala izingane zayo cishe izinsuku ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalombili. Ixoxo kwelinye udoti angakhiqiza yikhulu frog, okuyinto kanyekanye avele ukukhanya. Imithwalo ukuthi ingemuva lowesifazane Inesisindo mayelana 385 amagremu, ngoba Pipa, akulula. Uma wonke amaqanda endaweni, basuke embozwe ulwelwesi zokuzivikela, kuba eyizingqabavu kakhulu futhi livikela inzalo esizayo. Ukujula kwamaseli etholakala kuwo i-caviar kufinyelela kumamilimitha amabili.
Ukuba omama umzimba, imibungu ithathwe umzimba wakhe wonke umsoco ngaphandle okuhlukile, okuyizinto ezidingekayo nentuthuko yabo. Ngodonga oluhlukanisa kubo komunye nomunye, sibe izitsha eziningi igazi therethrough futhi wamukele i-oksijini kanye nokudla, imibungu.
Emavikini ayishumi nambili kamuva, amasele asemasha ahamba ngefilimu evikelayo yendlu yawo bese ebhukuda angena emhlabeni wamanzi ongafakwanga. Kusukela lapho sizalwa zingabantu ezimele kakhulu futhi kungabangela ukuphila okuvamile wedwa, ngaphandle kosizo omdala.
Ingabe ukuvela izilwane ezintsha ezincane, akubhekwa ukuzalwa bukhoma, kodwa frog futhi ziyaphuma emzimbeni insikazi. Inqubo yokukhulisa amaqanda, Uqinisile njengabanye eziphila emanzini nasezweni, umehluko ayindawo lapho ukuthuthukisa kuphela.
Lapho isizukulwane esisha okuzelwe, emuva frog Surinamese idinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha. Ukuze wenze lokhu Pipa emuva bazokwenza lokho nakuBafana ulwelwe ezahlukene futhi amatshe futhi ivumela yakhe balahle indawo lapho umbungu.
Kuze kube isizini elandelayo yokuzalela, isele lingakujabulela impilo futhi lingabi nalutho lokukhathazeka ngalo. amaxoxo abasha uzokwazi ukuzalela lapho eziyosebenza iminyaka eyisithupha.
I-Surinamese pipa ekhaya
Abantu ababeka ziyazithanda izilwane zakwamanye amazwe ezifuywa lezi amaxoxo emangalisayo ekhaya, kabasi ukubukeka ekhangayo futhi iphunga-hydrogen sulfide, akusho iyabesabisa. Qinisekisa ukuthi owesifazane hatching izibungu futhi kanjani they ke kuzofika ezweni, ithakazelisa kakhulu.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuqala indlu ye-pipa, lapho-ke uzodinga i-aquarium enkulu. Uma uya ukuphila eyodwa Ukhala ke kumele iqukathe kungabi ngaphansi kwamalitha amanzi ayikhulu, futhi uma amabili noma amathathu, bese ahlukana ukuze inani elifanayo liwele kumuntu ngamunye, okungukuthi, amasele amathathu adinga i-aquarium ngamalitha amanzi angamakhulu amathathu.
Amanzi kufanele kahle nomoya-mpilo, ngakho udinga ukuthi ucabange ngalokhu kusengaphambili. Kanye ngokucophelela kuzomele ulandele umbuso lokushisa. Izinga lokushisa akufanele lidlule ama-degree angamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili futhi libe ngaphansi kwamashumi amabili nane.
Ezansi aquarium isidingo uthele esihlabathini nge emihle amatshe. Futhi kufanele kube khona ezahlukene eziphilayo ulwelwe, kuyokusiza I-Surinamese Frog uzizwe ukhululekile. Kumele sibaphe badle ifolishi elahlukile eziphila emanzini nasezweni, futhi ngeke give up nemisundu eminingi, ezisezihlahleni ezizigubhile futhi izingcezu ezincane zezinhlanzi bukhoma.