I-Carp akulutho kepha ifomu elitshaliwe le-carp yomfula. Ihluke kokugcina ngezikali ezimnyama, kanye nomzimba obanzi nokushintshwa okukhulunywe kakhulu kusuka emuva kuya ekhanda. I-carp echibini inesibindi ngokuxakile, iqine futhi inenkani.

Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezintathu zezidalwa ezifuywayo, kanye nezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezingaphansi, ze-pond carp. Okuvame kakhulu kubo yi-scaly carp. Ngaphezu kwalokhu kukhona ne-carp enqunu nesibuko carp.

Isampula ye-carp yakudala inomzimba omdaka, othize othambile noma omdaka ngombala wendawo (ngokuya ngendawo), embozwe ngesilinganiso esikhulu, esibushelelezi, esinsundu segolide. Inenhloko enkulu, enkulu, enezindebe ezinenyama, ngaphezulu okungenhla kwayo kukhona izimbambo ezimbili zezintuthwane ezisebenzayo.

I-carp yesibuko ihlukaniswa isikali esikhulu ngokungajwayelekile, ngendlela engaqondile. Ezinye izingosi ezingaphansi azinakho ngokuphelele. Enyakatho nasenyakatho-nentshonalanga ye-Russian Federation nzalo yeGalician korop ene-Amur carp ivame ukutholakala.

Amachibi amaningi ezwe aqhenya ukuba khona kwe-nzalo ye-carp nge-crucian carp. Bahlukaniswa nabalingani babo ngosayizi omncane omncane. Noma esemdala.

Mayelana nokuhlalwa kwe-carp

I-Carp ihlala kunoma iyiphi imithombo ebekelwe ukulinganisela evamile ye-oksijini - imifula, amachibi, amadamu, iziteshi ezahlukahlukene, izingxingo, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi angakwazi ukugeleza noma ukuma. (I-carp ejwayelekile iphila emanzini kuphela). Lapha uzama ukuthatha izindawo ezifudunyezwe yilanga ukuya kumamitha ayi-5. Imvamisa lezi yindawo enobumba noma ngandlela thile osilika nosayizi wezimila. Ngakho-ke ukudoba okuphumelela kakhulu ku-carp kulindeleke ezindaweni ezinjalo. Ngenkathi yehlobo, iziqu zazo zivame ukubonwa ezindaweni ezinesilinganiso esandayo. Ngokusobala uyaphuma lapha eyofuna ukudla.

Abantu abancane bavame ukutholakala ezingxenyeni ezingashisi zomhlanga, emabhokisini angajulile noma kufinyelela kuwo. Lapha bahlala nobusika.

I-Carp ichitha ubusika ezansi kwezimbobo ezijulile kufinyelela kumamitha ayi-10. Ngalesi sikhathi, zonke izinqubo zokuphila zenzeka emzimbeni wakhe, ziyeke imisebenzi yazo, umzimba umbozwe ungqimba obukhulu be-mucus (slime), obuwuvikela emakhazeni. Ukuphefumula kwehlisa ijubane, futhi i-carp uqobo lwayo luba sesimweni sokugqwayiza okumisiwe.

I-Carp spawning

Ngokuqala kwezinsuku zokuqala zentwasahlobo, njengoba amanzi efudumala aze afike ku-15 ° C, i-carp ishiya ubusika bayo iye esifundeni sezikhukhula. Ngemuva kokuqala kwesikhathi esifushane sokuluka kwe-zhor. Umkhiqizi weCarp uqala uhambo lwakhe ezindaweni ezinotshani, kwesinye isikhathi, ebangeni eliqhelekile ukusuka endaweni ebusika. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akumkhathazi. I-Carp iqine kakhulu. Lapho ewela izindawo ezihlakazayo, unqoba izithiyo ezinkulu impela: izihlalo eziphezulu eziphezulu, izihlanganisi ezincane nezinkulu, kanye namadamu amancane.

I-Carp iqhuma kancane. Okokuqala, izindawo ezinwebekayo zidlalelwa abantu abancane, bese kuba abaphakathi, bese, ekugcineni, bezizi-trophy. Imvelo ichitha cishe izinsuku eziyi-10 zokumela abamele iqembu ngalinye, ngakho-ke inqubo yonke kufanele iphele kungapheli inyanga.

I-carp yomfula ikhetha izindawo zokugcina ezigeleza kuphela ukuze zidaleke. Isihlobo sedamu asikwenzi lokho kufuna. Ingabekwa phakathi kwamathanga omhlanga, ezindaweni ezakhiwe ngamaxhaphozi, umhluzi, iziqu ezahlukahlukene, imishayo, njll.

I-carp iziphatha kanjani ngaphansi kwamanzi

Ngaphambi kokubamba i-carp, ngeke kube yinto engenangqondo ukutadisha indlela yakhe yokuziphatha. Kuya ngokuphelele ngezimo zesifunda. Isibonelo, ezifundeni eziseningizimu, i-carp cishe icashe ngokweqile, iyaqhubeka nokudla cishe unyaka wonke. Kepha umuntu osuka enyakatho noma enkabeni yezwe uwela kuwo emva kwesithwathwa sokuqala sekwindla ngaphandle kokudla kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinhlanzi zezifunda eziseningizimu zanda ngokushesha futhi zinamanani amakhulu nesisindo.

UCarp uhlala kwiphakethe. Kuliqiniso, ngokungafani nohlobo olufanayo, aluningi. Njengomthetho, abantu abaningana abaningana. Izidumbu zezidumbu zihamba ngezintambo ezinde ezingavamile. Kuyo le nkampani efanayo kungaba ngabantu abanamafutha ahlukahlukene. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zithanda ukuba wedwa.

Ukwenza ubusika be-Carp kwenzeka kanye nomncintiswano wokudla oyinhloko - ikati. IQhawe lethu limane nje lashiywa lingenye enye indlela. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-catfish icashe kakhulu ngaphambili, ngenkathi ihlala emigodini engcono kakhulu. UCarp, nokho, akanakho ukukhetha ngaphandle kokulala phansi phezu kwesitha sakhe.

Ukudla kwe-Carp

Yize enama-carp futhi enenhlanzi enkulu, uthanda ukudla kwezitshalo kunezilwane.

Eduze phakathi nehlobo, lapho amahlumela womhlanga eqala ukuba lukhuni, ukudla kwe-carp kugcwaliswa kabusha ngezibungu, izinambuzane, izibungu, njll. Abantu abakhulu badla izinyoni ezingcolile. I-Carp iyondla ubusuku nemini. Ngokuqala kobumnyama, uvame ukuvakashela izindawo ezingashoni noma umhlanga osogwini, avele lapha kusihlwa futhi ashiye lezi zindawo zizungeze ukuvela kwelanga. Ngaphambi kokubamba i-carp, kufanele ukwazi konke lokhu.

Ngaphezu kokudla kwezitshalo nezilwane, i-carp kwesinye isikhathi iyaphoqelelwa ukuthi idle amazinyane ayo. Abantu abakhulu bavame ukuqeqeshwa kabusha njengabahlaseli, bezingela izinhlanzi ezinkulu. Ngenxa yalesi sici, i-carp enokuthula ihlala iba yisisulu sokusonta.

Ukudla kwe-Carp

Ukudla kwe-carp kwehlukene. Angakudla ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Idla ikakhulu ekuseni, kusihlwa nasebusuku. Akuvamile ukuthi kudle phakathi nosuku. Uma ufuna ukudla, kungasondela ogwini, noma ezindaweni ezingajulile zedamu. Ukudla i-Carp kufaka phakathi amahlumela omhlanga, izimila ezingaphansi, izibungu, izibungu, ama-crustaceans amancane ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, izingwe. I-Carp ibanjelwa konke - isinkwa, izibungu, iminenke, inhlama, ibhali, ummbila, uphizi. Futhi, muva nje ubanjwe ngempumelelo kuma-boilies. Udla kakhulu ngaphambi kokuqhuma nangemva (ngaphambi kobusika). I-Carp yasebusika ipaka emigodini. Ngokuvamile, i-carp, ngaphezu kwenkathi yasebusika, idla kakhulu njalo, hhayi ngoba ibizwa ngokuthi "ingulube engaphansi kwamanzi." Idla njalo futhi ikhula ngokushesha; ngonyaka ingafinyelela ikhilogremu elilodwa.

Isikhathi sokudoba seCarp

Ungabona ngezinkathi zokudoba i-carp kanye nomsebenzi wokuluma kwalo ekhasini elihlukile lephrojekthi yethu ukudoba i-carp noma esihlokweni:

Ukudotshwa kwe-carp kuqala maphakathi nentwasahlobo, isonto nesigamu ngemuva kokuhluma, lapho ilanga lifudumeza amanzi aze afike ku + 16 ° C. Ngaphambi nje kwalokhu, uyandisa kancane umsebenzi wakhe. Lapho ichibi selivele lifudumele ngokuphelele, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-3-5, kuye ngevolumu nokujula kwalo, ukudoba kuba namandla kakhulu. Uma ebusika lalimbozwe ungqimba oluningi lweqhwa, awukwazi ukuphupha ngokudoba okuhle okwamanje. Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo kuyathinta. Kepha ungapheli amandla. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15 - 20, izinhlanzi ngokuqinisekile zizophinda zenze imisebenzi yazo yangaphambili.

Ukuluma kakhulu kwe-carp kubonwa ezindaweni ezinamamitha ayi-2 ukujula. Ukuze ukudoba kuphumelele kakhulu, kufanele ubuke ngokucophelela ichibi. Ngemuva kokuphinda ubambe kabusha, ungakhomba izindawo eziningi lapho iqhawe lethu livame ukuya khona lapho.

Entwasahlobo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhluma, kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-bait egcwele amaprotheni. I-nibble ebukhali kakhulu iyaphawulwa ekuseni nakusihlwa. Ukudoba i-Carp kuphumelela kakhulu esimweni sezulu esihle. Kwandisa amathuba okubanjwa okuhle.

Isikhathi sokuloba siyaphela njengoba isimo sezulu esibandayo siqala ukungena. Iza maphakathi noma ekugcineni ekwindla. Konke kuncike esifundeni. Funda i-athikili elandelayo - izindlela zokudoba i-carp. Kuyo uzofunda zonke izindlela zokudoba ezaziwayo.

Funda izincazelo zezinhlanzi ezinokuthula nezinyamazane kumakhasi e-Ribalka-vsem.ru kuwebhusayithi. Bukela amavidiyo ahehayo futhi awusizo kusuka ekudobeni naseholide. Bhalisela amakhasi ethu ezinkundleni zokuxhumana.

Izitolo ezinhle zokudoba online vumela ukuthi uthenge noma yiziphi izimpahla zokudoba ngamanani wokuncintisana!

Silandele zokuxhumana - Ngabo sishicilela imininingwane eminingi ethokozisayo, izithombe namavidiyo.

Izingxenye ezithandwayo zesayithi:

Ikhalenda lomdobi likuvumela ukuthi uqonde ukuthi zonke izinhlayiya zezinhlanzi zihamba kanjani, kuya ngesikhathi sonyaka nenyanga.

Ikhasi lokulwa nokudotshwa lizokutshela ngezindlela eziningi ezidumile zokulwa nokudoba namagiya.

Ama-Nozzles ngokudoba - sichaza ngokuningiliziwe okuphilayo, isitshalo, okufakwayo nokungajwayelekile.

Esihlokweni sendawo yokuloba, uzojwayela izinhlobo eziphambili, kanye namaqhinga okusetshenziswa kwawo.

Hlola konke ukudoba ukuze ube ngumdobi wangempela futhi ufunde ukuthi ungayikhetha kanjani efanele.

Ukubukeka kweCarp

Abaningi, yiqiniso, bayazi ukuthi zinjani i-carp fish. Le nhlanzi yinhle ibanjiwe. Kulula ukucabanga ukuthi yinhle kangakanani endaweni yayo yemvelo.

Esikhulu, sinomzimba omude omncane futhi omude, ombozwe, njengezembatho zempi, enezikali ezibushelelezi futhi ezicwebezelayo, le nhlanzi ingaguqula umbala wayo ngokuya ngendawo yayo. Kepha umhlane wakhe uhlala umnyama ukwedlula izinhlangothi.

Izithombe zezinhlanzi zibonisa ukuthi ikhanda le-carp likhulu, izindebe ezimakiwe zihlotshiswe amadevu.

Qaphela!

Ebusika, i-carp yehla kusuka ekujuleni kwayo okuvamile ukuya kumamitha ayi-10, ithola izimbobo ezijulile ezingaphansi kanye nezicashile kuyo, embozwe ungqimba obukhulu kakhulu bomsipha. Uyayeka ukudla, kuyaqabukela aphefumule.

Kuqala kokuqala kwentwasahlobo kuphela, lapho amanzi eqala ukufudumala kancane, kungaze kube kuphela kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli lapho isidumbu sishiya indawo yaso ebusika.

Ukuvuka kweCarp kwenzeka lapho befika eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemihlanu.

Izidumbu ziqubuka emanzini angajulile, ogwini, phakathi kwezimila, emazingeni okushisa okungenani angama-18 degrees. Ukuqhekeka kwazo yiqembu, okungukuthi, zigcinwa ngamaqembu lapho kuvame ukuba abesilisa abathathu bahambisane nowesifazane oyedwa. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, ukukhula kwe-caviar ngezinsuku ezintathu noma ezine.

Fry kanye nabantu abasha bahola indlela yokuphila yeqembu, bathuthele emihlambini. Ngemuva kwalokho imihlambi iwela ngamaqembu amancane. Ekugcineni, inhlanzi ngayinye iqala ukubhukuda futhi idle yodwa.

AmaCarps awafuduki; ahlala efuna ukuhlala endaweni ejwayelekile, ejwayelekile.

Ukudla kwe-Carp

Le nhlanzi i-emnivorous, ngaphezu kwalokho, idla cishe ngokungaphezi, idla amahlumela ezitshalo zamanzi, ama-mollusks, amaqanda, izinhlanzi nezinambuzane zamasele, ama-leeches.

Ngemuva kobusika, izitshalo ziya phambili ekudleni kwe-carp, futhi ekwindla ishintshela ngokuphelele ekudleni kwesilwane.

Izinhlobo Ze-Carp

Kunezinhlobo zemvelo ze-carp ejwayelekile, futhi izinhlobo zezinhlanzi eziningi zamasiko zidalulwe. Okwabo, ngokwesibonelo,

• isibuko noma i-king carp - inhlanzi enenombolo encane kakhulu yezikali
• i-carp enesikhumba ngomzimba ongenakubalwa,
• i-carp koi - inhlanzi enombala ogqamile ngokungajwayelekile, wegolide noma obomvu, oqinile noma opendwe ngombala.

Amaqiniso Ahehayo

• Isisindo somzimba we-carps ngokwemvelo singafinyelela ku-20 kg, futhi ubude bufika kumitha.
• Icala lokuphila isikhathi eside (iminyaka engaphezu kwe-100) yale nhlanzi (echibini lasekhaya) liyaziwa.
• ICarps idonsa kakhulu amagobolondo emfucumfucu kangangokuba ukuqhekeka kwenza abantu bethuke ogwini.
• E-Australia, ekungeniswa okujwayelekile kwe-carp, kwagcwala imifula futhi kwaqashelwa njengezinhlobo eziyingozi ezihlaselayo.

Inothi elibalulekile ekuphekeni i-carp

I-Carp isho izinhlanzi ezinezimpawu zalo zokunambitha ezingagxeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela eziningi zokupheka le nhlanzi.

Kodwa, njenganoma iyiphi inhlanzi enamanzi ahlanzekile, ikakhulukazi ahlala emanzini amile noma angasebenzi, i-carp iqongelela inani lezinto eziphilayo kanye namagciwane emzimbeni wayo empilweni yayo. Ikakhulu ama-parasites amaningi (izibungu), ngezindlela ezihlukile zomjikelezo wempilo - kusuka emaqanda kuya kwizikelemu ezivuthiwe zocansi, zibuthana emisipha yezinhlanzi nakumafilimu amboza okuphakathi.

Uma izinhlanzi zingasetshenziswanga kahle, ukuhlaselwa kwe-helminthic, isifo esinamandla sokuhlanzeka, esivame ukwelashwa kungavikeleki.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlanza inhlanzi kahle, hlamba ingaphakathi lesisu esiswini esikhululwe ku-viscera, ukhiphe ifilimu emboze umgodi, bese udalula inhlanzi ukwelashwa okuphelele.

Umsuka

Kunenkolelo-mbono esekwe kahle yokuthi inhlanzi enjenge-carp akuyona eyasekuqaleni, eyadalwa ngokwemvelo, ehlala izidumbu zamanzi aphansi zamanje nezimi njalo. Ngokwethusa, ibukeka sengathi iyisisebenzi esibuhlungu esizaliswayo esihlobene nokufakwa ekhaya kwe-carp yasendle, ikhaya lokhokho lawo eliseningizimu yeChina neCaspian. Lokhu empeleni akulungile. I-carp yasendle yayihlala inezinhlobo zemifula neichibi, ezazingafani ngesimo somzimba. Izinhlanzi, ezihlala zihlala zithanda i-oksijini ngokushesha, zazinomzimba ophansi ofana ne-torpedo futhi zinde ubude. Izidumbu ezifanayo, uhla lwazo lwawela ezolile futhi lunothile ezinqolobaneni zokudla ezinobuncane bezilwane ezinkulu ezidliwayo, zathola isisindo ngokushesha, zakhula futhi zakhula.

Yizinhlobonhlobo zechibi, ngaphambili elalihlala ngaphansi kwezimo zokuntuleka komoya-mpilo, ngaphandle kwezinguquko ezikhethiwe, laziswa ngumuntu ezindaweni eziningi zokugcina i-Europe, i-Asia, neNyakatho Melika. Indaba yokuthuthuka kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngesilinganiso samkhakha yavela kuphela eminyakeni eyi-150-200 kuholele ekutheni kuqale inqwaba yezinhlobo zoqobo kanye nzalo.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi igama elithi "carp" alinasisekelo sesayensi futhi lasungulwa ngekhulu le-19 ngesandla sokukhanya kombhali odumile wezincwadi zokudoba nokuzingela, uSergei Aksakov. Umlobi we-Ufa wayevame ukuvakashela izwe lakubo elincane, lapho ayezibandakanya khona emihlanganweni yezinsuku eziningi emaphandleni. Ngesinye isikhathi lapho esiya etojeni elikhulu kunazo zonke loMfula iKama, umfula i-Agidel (umfula iBelaya), kwenzeka ukuthi athole izidumbu zasendle. Umqhubi wendawo, iBashkirs, ubabize ngokuthi i-carp, okuhunyushwa ngokuthi kusuka eTurkic kusho "inhlanzi eshisiwe." Ngemuva kokushicilelwa kombhali, igama elixakile selimile phakathi kwabantu, kepha ngokombono we-ichthyology, izidumbu zasendle nezasekhaya ziyinyama eyodwa (iCyprinus carpio).

Ifomu lesichibi selibanzi, libalulekile futhi lithengiswa; lingummeleli oyisisekelo wohlobo olubizwa ngokuthi i-carp ejwayelekile. Kwamatekisi, ezinye izinkomba zisetshenziswa ngokusemthethweni - ejwayelekile, yegolide, isikali. Imvamisa empilweni yansuku zonke kunegama elibolekiwe kusuka olimini lwesi-Old Slavonic - korop.

Ukubukeka nobukhulu

I-Carp ejwayelekile inesimo sangaphandle, esibonakala kalula, ehlukile kwabanye:

• umzimba omningi, omude, omude ngokulinganayo,
• isikali esikhulu esilingana ne-cycloid esine-edging emnyama (32-41 emugqeni we-lateral),
• izinhlangothi zegolide noma eziphuzi,
• isibani esikhulu
• umlomo omkhulu, ophansi ophansi ongadonswa eshubhu,
• ngazimbili zezinsizwa ezibucayi, ezikhule kahle kahle ezindebe ezinde,
• Amehlo aphezulu asebekiwe ezinabafundi abancane ne-iris eluhlaza eluhlaza,
• mnyama emuva ngophawu olude olunethambo le-olive olive (i-3-4 hard and 17-22 rays soft),
• ukuvuleka kwamakhala kabili.

Umzimba wale nhlanzi umbozwe kakhulu umquba, okunciphisa ukufikelwa kwamanzi, kuthuthukisa i-thermoregulation futhi uvikele umzimba ekuthelelekeni nasezinhlamvini zomzimba. I-Carp inobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele nesisindo. Amacala ahlelwe ngokungemthetho ngokuqanjwa kwabantu abangaphezu kwama-55 kg ubude bomzimba wamamitha elilodwa nesigamu. Kepha ekubambeni okujwayelekile, abancane (abaneminyaka emi-2-7 ubudala) abanesisindo esingama-1-5 kg ​​banganqoba. Uhlobo luphawulwa ngokuphila isikhathi eside seminyaka engama-40-50, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa ziyakwazi ukunqoba umkhawulo weminyaka eyikhulu noma ngaphezulu.

UmJapan oneminyaka engama-70 uqukethe i-carp echibini lakwakhe, alithatha njengefa futhi mdala ngeminyaka engama-35 kunomniniyo. Umhlali weLand of the Rising Sun uphatha izinhlanzi njengelungu lomndeni, futhi uyenqaba ngokuphelele ukuyithengisa nge-yen eyizigidi eziningana (cishe ama- $ 20,000).

Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala

Uhla lwe-carp luhlanganisa i-Europe, i-Central kanye ne-Western Asia, i-Far East kanye nezinye izindawo eziningi eziphakathi kwezwe elinomusa futhi liseningizimu.E-Russia, i-korop igcwele emizimbeni yamanzi entsha yolwandle olumnyama, i-Azov, iBaltic, iCaspian, iJapan ne-Okhotsk. Indawo yokuhlala oyintandokazi imile noma amachibi ageleza kancane, amachibi agcwele amanzi, amachibi, imisele nezindawo zokugcina ezinamanzi amaningi nezitshalo ezithambile, zobumba, ezinesihlabathi noma inhlabathi elukhuni. Ukujula okuphezulu kokuhlala ngamamitha ayi-2-10. Ama-Shelter abalulekile ezinhlanzini, ngakho-ke akanaki ukufinyelela okuvulekile ngethafa eliphansi, uncamela izindawo ezinemigodi, izihlahlana zezitshalo eziphakeme noma ezintantayo, umgibe, nezihlahla ezibiweyo.

Idlani i-carp

I-Fish is benthophaous kanye ne-omnivorous benthophage. Idivayisi ekhethekile ekwazi ukubuyiselwa yomlomo ikuvumela ukuthi ucofe ngokushesha nangokuphumelelayo izihlungi ezansi eziphansi. Amazinyo agqamile we-pharyngeal, izindebe ezibanzi ezibanzi zisetshenziswe kahle ukuze zibambe futhi zigaye ukudla okuqinile. Isisekelo sokudla kwe-carp yilezi:

• izibungu, izibungu, crustaceans,
• izimbumbulu, izinambuzane, imidlwane,
• i-caviar yama-amphibians nezinye izinhlanzi,
• okusanhlamvu, imifino, ukhula lwasolwandle,
• amahlumela wezitshalo, i-detritus, i-leeches.

Umuthi owuthandayo u-molting crayfish kanye nebhali. Imvamisa ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona i-carp, ungezwa ukuqalwa kwamagobolondo aqhobozekile, okubangela ukukhathazeka kwama-angler angenalwazi. Abantu abakhulu babamba lo mbala, kepha awubazondi ngokuqondile. Ngenxa yezindlebe ezakheke kahle futhi zinozwela oluzwelayo, amaqhubu ezwa ukuphakama kwezimbungulu zegazi emhlabathini noma ukuphambana kwesinambuzane ebusweni bamanzi buqamamitha ayi-10-20.

I-Carp fish - ukwelashwa kwamakhosi aseChina

Abathandi bokudoba bayazi kahle i-carp - lokhu kuwumdwebo ongaqondakali wokuzingela emanzini. Babonga abahlali echibini kanye nama-gourmet ngezimpawu zabo zokudla nokunambitha. Kuzoxoxwa ngokuqhubekayo.

Ngisho eminyakeni engama-2500 edlule eChina, kwathi naseJapan, bafunda ukufuya le nhlanzi ekhiqizayo, hhayi ukuthi ukuhunyushwa kwegama kusho "izithelo". Sekungamakhulu eminyaka, abantu bebedoba i-carp ukujabulela le nhlanzi emangalisayo.

Izici zokuphila

Emncane, inhlanzi ibambelela ekuziphatheni kwesikole. Njengoba bekhula futhi bekhula ngezidingo zokudla okunempilo, bathuthela kwindlela encane yeqembu noma yokuphila eyedwa. Umsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo wezinhlobo zenzeka ngenkathi efudumele kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba. Inani eliphakeme le-forage liwela ngoJuni, lapho izinhlanzi zibulawa yindlala ngemuva kokushintshwa kokudla kokudla okuzungezile kwehora. Ngokuqala kokushisa kwehlobo kanye nokushisa ngokwedlulele kwamanzi, isikhathi sokukhanuka siguqulwa ebusuku, kepha uma lina, lapho lina kakhulu, izulu lifuna ukudla usuku lonke.

Ngo-Agasti-Septhemba, amagagasi wesibili we-zhor aqala, aqhubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba futhi ahlotshaniswa nokuqongelelwa kwezimali zamandla obusika. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-carp ayinandaba futhi igxile kakhulu ekutholeni ukudla. Ukuziphatha okungabazisayo kuvame ukuphela ngokubanjwa kwayo - kungukuqala kanye naphakathi nekwindla lapho ukubanjwa okukhulu kubanjiswa khona kubabambisi. Ngenkathi ebandayo, i-korop ichitha imigodi ebusika nge-yamanje encane. Njengoba isingene ezikoleni ezinkulu namanye ama-cyprinid, isisithonjana esimisiwe futhi empeleni ayondli.

Izici nendawo yokuhlala

I-Carp river river futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, umuntu owakha amachibi namachibi. Idlozi lakhe yi-carp yomfula. Kepha inzalo idlula isizukulwane ngezindlela eziningi: ubungqabavu, ukukhuthazela, ukuzala. I-carp yamanzi ahlanzekile ingabhekwa njengenhlanzi enhle yezikali ezinkulu namaphiko omsila obomvu.

Umbala wangemuva we-carp ejwayelekile i-marpy umnyama, isisu sikhanya kakhudlwana. Amaphiko angwevu. Ukulima izinhlanzi kwanamuhla kukuvumela ukuba uguqule imibala yommeleli we-classic futhi uzuze imiphumela ebonakalayo yangempela.

Isakhiwo somzimba sehlukile ngokubukeka: amafomu we-humpback anezici ezithombeni zamachibi, afana ne-crucian carp, aminyene futhi amafushane. Izidumbu eziphakeme nezicylindric ziyisici sabantu abahlala emfuleni. Izimpondo ezine emaphethelweni wezindebe eziphuzi, ezimfishane futhi ziwugqinsi, zihlukanisa zonke izidumbu.

Ubungako bazo zonke izihlobo buyahlaba umxhwele: abasha abanonyaka owodwa ubudala bangama-20 cm ubude, futhi abantu abadala bangakhula bafike kumamitha ayi-1 noma ngisho nangaphezulu. Isisindo esikhulu se-carp enkulu yayingaphezu kwama-37 kg. Kwakuyirekhodi lomhlaba elamiswa eRomania ngonyaka we-1997. Izinto ezijwayelekile eziya eminyangweni yezentengiso zinesisindo esingu-1 kuye ku-8 kg.

AmaShayina asendulo afunda ukuzalanisa i-carp futhi ayenza yathandwa esifundeni sase-Asia. Kancane kancane, wanqoba iYurophu, kwathi ngekhulu le-19 wafika eMelika. Ukuzala nokuqina kwezinhlanzi kube nomthelela ekusakazweni kwawo kabanzi.

Izinhlobo eziphambili zezidumbu ziyehluka ngombala wesikali kanye nokuba khona kwesembozo esikhulukazi. Izinketho zanamuhla zokuzalela zivumele ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokuhlobisa ezingaphezu kwama-80. Ngakho-ke, emndenini omkhulu singakwazi ukuhlukanisa:

— i-carp yegolide, enesikali obukhulu nobuluhlaza obuluhlaza. Isidumbu sikhulu, siphakeme, sinemuva eliphezulu, sihlome "ngamafayili" agxilile emihlanjeni,

Esithombeni i-carp yegolide

— isibuko carp, noma wasebukhosini. Kulula ukukhomba ngezikali zayo ezingavamile ezitholakala eceleni komugqa womzimba futhi kwesinye isikhathi zihlakazeke iziqhingi kwezinye. Emgqeni we-lateral kukhona izimbobo ezinamaseli wezinzwa, ngenxa yokuthi izinhlanzi zifunda imininingwane yendawo. Kunemisebe embalwa emafini kunasezihlotsheni, futhi lolu hlobo lungathola isisindo esikhulu kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nezinye,

Esithombeni, isibuko i-carp

— i-carp enqunu (lesikhumba), lisuselwa ngokuthile. Ine-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka,

Esithombeni, enqunu (enesikhumba) i-carp

— koiizidumbu zokuhlobisa. Bahlukanisile kusukela ngekhulu le-14 eJapan futhi bahluka okokuqala ngombala obomvu, omnyama nophuzi, ngemuva kwalokho izinhlobo ezithize zemibala engajwayelekile nebizarre zatholakala: i-carp emhlopheezimthende, ezinamaphethini emhlane nezinye izinhlobo. Ama-koi akhethiwe awahloliswanga kuphela indawo nendawo okwakheke ngayo amabala akhanyayo, kepha futhi nekhwalithi yesikhumba, ukwakheka komzimba, ikhanda, kanye nokulingana kwawo.

Esithombeni, ukuhlobisa koi carp

Izinhlanzi zomndeni weCarp kufakwe ezakhamuzini ezingathembeki, ezikwazi ukuhlangana ngisho nasezindongeni ezingcolisiwe. Uthanda amanzi amile, athulile noma ahamba ngesizotha, ngakho-ke uhlala emifuleni emincane, emachibini nasemachibini. Ubuningi babonakala lapho imvelo ishintsha.

Ithanda ukushisa, kepha i-scaly carp ibanjwa ngisho nasezindongeni ezibandayo zaseSiberia. Kubhalwe ukuthi waphoqeleka ukuthi ayohlala emanzini anosawoti ngemuva kokudilika kwedamu, nokuvimbela ukungena olwandle.

Ngokuyinhloko i-carp ehlala emzileni ophakathi nendawo eningizimu yeRussia, Germany, France, Czech Republic, Australia, America. Izindawo ezithandekayo zezinhlanzi ezindaweni zokugcina ezinobumba obulukhuni obunzima, embozwe ungqimba oluncane lobumba. Ngaphansi kwamanzi i-driftwood, amathangi kanye nomhlanga kuyizindlu ze-carp nezisekelo zokudla ngasikhathi sinye endaweni engama-300 m.

Ngemuva kokugawulwa kwamahlathi ngesikhathi sezikhukhula, kwakheka izintaba zamagatsha abolayo nezingodo. Izindawo ezinjalo zezidumbu kumele zihlolwe indawo yokuhlala. Zigcinwa ikakhulu kumamitha ayi-5. Izidumbu ze-Mirror, ezingashona ekujuleni, zibamba amanzi angajulile futhi zidinga amanzi anomoya, zithandwa.

Ukuzala

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe amaqanda, kudingeka izinga lokushisa eliphakeme ngokwanele lika + 18-20 ° C, ngakho-ke ukwanda kwe-carp kwenzeka sekwephuzile, ngokuvamile ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Owesifazane ovuthiwe ngocansi oneminyaka engama-3-5 ubudala uthola “amanenekazi” amaningana, ontanga, futhi uya kumanzi angajulile (40-60 cm), agcwele imifino ethambile. ICaviar ifakwe ilebuli enezinsuku ezimbili. Ingqikithi yenqwaba yemichilo evela kowesifazane oyedwa amaqanda ayizigidi ezingama-0,5,0. Isikhathi sokufakwa kokukhula kombungu sithatha izinsuku ezingama-3-6. Izibungu ezikhiqizwayo zikhula izinsuku eziningana endaweni eyi-static, zithola izakhi zomzimba ezidingekayo kusuka ku-yolk sac. Fry eliginyayo iqala ukondla okusebenzayo nge-zooplankton kanye nama-crustaceans amancane.

Isimilo nendlela yokuphila

Carp izinhlanzi - lokhu ukubuka kwepakethe. Abantu abancane ngamanani amakhulu banamathela ndawonye, ​​futhi abantu abakhulu bangahlala bodwa, bebodwa futhi bathule, kepha basondele ezihlotsheni. Kuphela kokuqala kokubanda okubakhuthazayo ukuba bahlangane ekufuneni indawo efanele ubusika. Bahlela ukulinda ubusika besesimweni sokudakasa ekujuleni kwe-10 m, kwizimbobo eziphansi.

Uma kungekho-dosili ofanele, inhlanzi ingena ezindaweni ezingcoliswe kakhulu. Ungqimba obukhulu be-mucus uyabavikela. Ukuvuka kuqala ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo kanye nokushisa kancane kancane kwamanzi. Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuqala komsebenzi siqala ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.

Inhlanzi elambile iqala ukufuna ukudla futhi ishiye amakamu asebusika, ikhuphukele ekujuleni okuvamile kwamamitha ayi-4-6. Izinhlanzi zeCarp zixazululekile, zingenzi ukuhamba isikhathi eside noma ukufuduka. Izilwane ezisencane emachibini zigcinwa emhlambini wamhlanga neminye imifino eminyene, kuyilapho abantu abakhulu behlala ngokujule futhi bekhethwa ezindlini zokugcina kuphela.

Izindawo ezivulekile elangeni azilungele bona, imvelo ye-carp ingokuhlwa nesithunzi. Azihambisi kumhlambi omningi wezixuku, kodwa kunalokho ngentambo, ezihlangana nabantu beminyaka ehlukile, njengasemndenini wangempela. Baziphatha ngokuthula, ngaphandle kobudlova. Isibonakaliso esimangazayo sokuba khona kwe-carp ukugxagxuma kwayo kwesici phezu kobuso bamanzi.

Abadobi bavame ukubona lesi simo ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Gxuma liphezulu kakhulu, libukhali, li-sonorous lapho liwela phansi emanzini. Umphumela wokundiza okunjalo negagasi elidaliwe ngesikhathi sokuwa kucace bha kakhulu kangangokuba umbono wokuthi akubonile usindiswe isikhathi eside.

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuwuphawu lokuhamba komhlambi ukondla, futhi ukweqa njalo kuwuphawu lwesimo sezulu esisiba sibi. Abadobi baphawula ukuba khona kwamandla, ukuqaphela kanye nobuhlakani obuthile kuzinhlanzi ze-carp. Ukudoba kumuntu wasemanzini onjalo kuyajabulisa futhi kuyajabulisa, kudinga ukukhuthazela nobuhlakani.

Imvelo inikezwe i-carp yamanzi amasha inkumbulo yezinhlanzi on nephunga nokunambitheka izici feed. Uma ubamba inhlanzi isheyini, bese uyidedela, khona-ke ngeke ibuyele kulokho okufanayo, wazi ukuthi kungani kuyingozi.

Umqondo omuhle kakhulu wephunga kanye nama-receptors athuthukisiwe asebenza ukuze i-carps iphunga amamitha amaningana, futhi ukuzimisela ukunambitheka kukuvumela ukuthi ucofe ukudla, ucindezela izinhlayiya zokudla ezingadingekile ngokusebenzisa ama-gill. Ubhekwa njengodabukisayo, kepha amandla okukhetha amenza acishe abe yi-gourmet.

Enye into ebalulekile ye-carp yikhono lokubona ku-360 ° nokuhlukanisa imibala. Ungahamba ebumnyameni, alandelele ingozi lapho, ngoba ubona konke kuya emsileni wakhe. Yeka inhlanzi ye-carp ngokucophelela futhi eqinile, ama-angler ayazi kahle, ngoba akulula neze ukudoba isampula enkulu.

Ividiyo: I-Carp Fish

Uhlobo lwesibili luyiphikisa ngokuphelele eyokuqala, lubheka njengensumansumane nje. Ngokusho kwakhe, izinhlanzi ezinjenge-carp yasendle sekuyisikhathi eside zitholakala emifuleni nasemachibini, zihlukile ngobume bazo. UCarp owayehlala emanzini agobhozayo wayene-trunk ende, enjenge-torpedo, futhi endaweni eyodwa yayiyindilinga ebanzi, ebanzi futhi inamafutha. Kukholelwa ukuthi kwakuyi-carp echibini eyayihlala abantu kulo lonke elaseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika nase-Asia. Ngaphansi kwamakhulu amabili eminyaka adlule, kwaqalwa ukwenziwa ngcono kokuzalela kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo, kuthuthukiswa izinhlobo zakamuva nazo zonke izinhlobo zozalo.

Ngokusekelwe kule mbono, igama elithi "carp" alinasizinda sesayensi, futhi lavela kuphela ngekhulu le-19 encwadini kaSergei Aksakov mayelana nokudoba. Ngakho-ke amaBashkirs abiza i-carp yasendle, okuyi-Turkic okusho ukuthi "izinhlanzi ezinodaka", leli gama lisakazeke kubantu, kepha izazi zesayensi yezenkolo zikholelwa ukuthi izidumbu zasendle nezasekhaya zinhlobo olufanayo.

AmaCarps ahlukanisiwe nje emfuleni nasichibi (echibini), kodwa futhi abe yizinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile, kufaka phakathi:

Izici zabo eziphambili zokuhlukanisa umbala nendawo yezikali. I-scaly carp imbozwe ngezikali ezinkulu. Uhlaka lunezikali kuphela kugibela nasiswini. Isikali se-carp yesibuko sikhulu kakhulu futhi sitholakala ezindaweni (ngokuvamisile emgqeni wezinhlanzi). I-carp engenalutho ayinazikali nakancane, kodwa ngosayizi wayo omkhulu kunayo yonke, ilandelwa ngosayizi wesibuko, bese - isikena.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Carp izinhlanzi emanzini

I-carp ejwayelekile ingabonakala kalula ngamapharamitha amaningi:

• umzimba omkhulu, obukhulu, ophakeme,
• isikali esikhulu esinzima ngokufiphaza okumnyama, eceleni komugqa wenhlanzi, kukhona kusuka ezikalini ezingama-32 kuye kwangama-41,
• izinhlangothi zezinhlanzi zigolide, zibunjiwe kancanyana, isisu esikhulu sinephimbo elilula,
• I-carp - umnikazi womlomo omkhulu owela ku -hubhu,
• umlomo ongenhla uhlotshiswe ngezimpondo ezine ezimfishane, ezibucayi kakhulu,
• Amehlo enhlanzi aphakamile, anabafundi abancane bahlukaniswe yigolide eluhlaza okotshani,
• Umgqumo wezinhlanzi onamandla unesithunzi esimnyama nombala ongashintshiwe wombala womnqumo ophuzi onama-spiny ray, i-anal fin imfushane futhi inesigaxa,
• emakhaleni e-carp kuphindwe kabili.

I-Mucus imboza wonke umzimba we-carp, ukuvimbela ukungqubuzana, ukulawula ukushisa komzimba, ukuvikela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlaka. I-Carp inkulu kakhulu futhi inesisindo esikhulu. Kuyaziwa ngokweqiniso ukuthi ama-specimens anesisindo esingaphezu kwengxenye yesentimitha kanye nobude bamamitha angaphezu kwesigamu nesigamu abanjwa. Ubukhulu obunjalo abujwayelekile kakhulu, imvamisa i-carps kusuka ku-kilogram ukuya kwelesihlanu ihlangana, iminyaka yabo ihluka kusuka eminyakeni emibili kuya kweyisikhombisa. Ngokuvamile, i-carp ingabekwa phakathi kwezithwala isikhathi eside, imvelo ilinganise isikhathi eside sokuphila esingafika eminyakeni engama-50, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa zingaphila isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka.

Iqiniso elikhangayo: Umuntu oyedwa waseJapan oneminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa une-carp ayizuza njengefa, oneminyaka engama-35 mdala kunenkosi yakhe. Umnikazi unakekela isilwane sakhe asithandayo, angavumi ukusithengisa ngisho nangamanani amahle.

Ihlala kuphi i-carp?

Photo: Carp izinhlanzi eRussia

Ibanga lokuhlalwa kwe-carp likhulu kakhulu; lingatholakala eYurophu, eMpumalanga Ekude, Eduze naseCentral Asia, kanye nezwekazi laseNyakatho Melika. I-Carp yi-thermophilic, ngakho-ke igwema izifunda ezisenyakatho.

Ezweni lakithi, uthathe umfutho wamanzi amnandi walezi zihlahlana zasolwandle ezilandelayo:

• I-Baltic
• IsiJapan
• Mnyama
• Caspian
• I-Azovsky
• I-Okhotsk.

Uthanda i-carp yamanzi, lapho kungekho khona okukhona manje, noma ibuthakathaka kakhulu, uthanda ukuhlala emachibini, emachibini, kwizikhukhula ezikhungethe amanzi, emigodini nasemiseleni. Indawo eyiPharadesi ye-carp - indawo yokugcina lapho kunezinhlobo zazo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo kanye nendawo ethambile (enesihlabathi, eyisilika, yobumba). Imvamisa, izinhlanzi zihlala ekujuleni kwamamitha amabili kuya kwayishumi. Ama-Shelter avikela i-carp abaluleke kakhulu kuye, ngakho-ke uzogwema izindawo ezivulekile lapho phansi khona ngokuphelele. I-Carp ithanda imigodi eseceleni, amathanga aminyene, izikebhe ezibekiwe.

Ngokuvamile, i-carp ayizondli ikakhulukazi, kuye into esemqoka ukutholakala kokudla, ngokwayo kunzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kusobala ukuthi, lo mhlali wasemanzini onobuhlalu usakaze kabanzi kuyo yonke indawo futhi uzizwa emuhle.

Iqiniso elihehayo: Ngenxa yokungazethembi kwe-carp nokungahloniphi kwayo ngenxa yezinga lokungcola kwesilondolozi, ukunakekelwa kwezinhlanzi kuphela mayelana nokuba khona kokuphakelayo, kuthiwa ingulube yamanzi.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

I-Carp ithanda impilo ehlanganyelwe, ngakho-ke ihlangana emhlambini, izinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu kuphela ezingaba zodwa, kodwa futhi zihlala ziseduze nabantu bezinye izizwe. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, amaBolsheviks ajoyina iqembu ukwenza kube lula ukubusika ndawonye. Ngokubusika, izidumbu zifakwa emigodini eseceleni esezindaweni eziseduzane, lapho ziwela kuhlobo lokuzela. Uma kungenazimbotshana echibini, khona-ke ama-baleen abheka izikebhe ezingenakubekelwa ubusika, lapho ahlala khona, futhi ukumbozwa kwesibungu kusiza izidumbu ukuba zingaboli.

I-Carps ivuka ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, lapho amanzi eqala ukufudumala kancane kancane, izinhlanzi ziqala ukukhombisa umsebenzi wazo ngasekupheleni kukaMashi, ngo-Ephreli. Ubusika bushiywe bese izidumbu zigijimela ekujuleni okujulile (ukusuka kumamitha amane kuya kwayi-6) ukuthola into edliwayo. I-Carp iyinhlanzi ehleliwe; ayibhukudi kude nezindawo zayo zaphakade.Izidumbu ezincane zihamba emhlambini, ezivame ukutholakala emahlangeni omhlanga, futhi izihlobo ezisindayo zithanda ukujula, zintanta ebusweni kuphela ukuze zidle.

I-Carp ithanda izindawo ezingenakunyakaziswa, futhi igwema indawo evulekile enelanga. Izimbambo azibhukudi ziphelele, kepha zakha umucu, lapho izinhlanzi zeminyaka ehlukene zikhona. AmaCarps awahlukile ngobudlova, ngakho-ke angabhekwa njengezakhamuzi zasemanzini ezolile nezinokuthula. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubuka i-carp igxuma phezulu ngokwanele ngaphandle kwamanzi bese iphindela emuva ngokuzwakalayo.

Le nto ivame ukwenzeka entathakusa noma emahoreni akusihlwa futhi ibukeka imnandi kakhulu. Ama-Ichthyologists akholelwa ukuthi lo mhlambi unikeza isibonakaliso sokuthi uzokondla, futhi uma ukugxuma kuvame kakhulu, khona-ke lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi isimo sezulu sizokonakala maduze. I-Carp yanoma yimuphi umdobi uyindondo eyamukelwa kakhulu, abathanda ukudoba bathi le nhlanzi icophelela kakhulu, iqinile futhi ihlakaniphile. I-carp inephunga elibukhali elikuvumela ukuba uhoge isiheho noma inyamazane kusuka kude.

Iqiniso elikhangayo: I-Carp, isebenzisa ama-gills, ihluze ukudla engakuthandi, ngakho-ke iyigayimane yangempela.

Umbono we-carp ubuye omuhle kakhulu, uyibona kahle imibala ehlukahlukene, futhi ukubuka kwawo kuyindilinga, isb. inhlanzi ingabona ama-degree angama-360, ngisho nomsila wayo uqobo ngeke ufihle emehlweni ayo. Ebumnyameni, i-carp ihamba ngendlela ebabazekayo futhi ingahamba kalula, iqaphe imvelo. Ngale ndlela-ke i-carp enobuchopho futhi enzima, ngakho-ke, ukubamba i-mustachioed enkulu akulula.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Isithombe: I-Carp River Fish

AmaCarps avuthwa ngokocansi eduze kweminyaka emithathu noma emihlanu yobudala, abesilisa nabesilisa. Ukuzala kabusha kwe-carp akuxhomekile eminyakeni yobudala bawo, kepha futhi kumazinga okushisa amanzi nosayizi wezinhlanzi uqobo. I-Carp yi-thermophilic, ngakho-ke iqala ukusondela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi, lapho amanzi esevele efudumele kakhulu. Ukuze uzalwe kabusha ngempumelelo, ubude besilisa kufanele okungenani bube ngu-30 cm, kuthi owesimame okungenani abe ngu-37.

I-carp ikhetha indawo yokunwebeka engajulile (cishe amamitha amabili), imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka emhlanga. Kunzima ukuthola izindawo ezinjalo, ngakho izinhlanzi zibuyela kuzo amahlandla amaningi.

Iqiniso elikhangayo: AmaCarps awafani ku-fidelity, ngakho-ke insikazi ihlala inamakhosikazi amaningana (kuze kube mahlanu), aqala ukufaka umquba. Inani eliphakeme le-carp spawning liqala kusihlwa (ngemuva kokushona kwelanga) futhi lihlala cishe amahora ayi-12.

Izidumbu impela ziyanda kakhulu. Owesifazane oyedwa kuphela ovuthiwe ongakhiqiza amaqanda ayisigidi, athontshiswa izitho izinsuku ezithile. Isikhathi sokufakwelwa izinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha kuphela, bese kuvela izibungu ezincoma kokuqukethwe kwe-yolk sac izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Ngemuva kwalokho, gazinga uqala ukubhukuda, udle i-zooplankton kanye nama-crustaceans amancane, athuthukisa ngenkuthalo. Eduze nezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, i-carp isivele inesisindo esingama-500 amagremu. I-carp iyakhula futhi ikhula ngejubane elikhulu kangaka.

Izitha zemvelo zezidumbu

Isithombe: Izinhlanzi ze-carp zamanzi ahlanzekile

Yize i-carp ikhula ngokwanele, unezitha nabancintisana, ngakho uhlala eqaphela kakhulu. Kuyiqiniso, abasengozini kakhulu akubona abantu abakhulu abalele phansi, kepha gazinga namaqanda. Amaxoxo aluhlaza abeka engcupheni enkulu kuwo, athanda ukudla amaqanda noFry. Munye kuphela amasele phakathi nosuku ongakwazi ukudonsa amaqanda ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu namaqanda. Ngaphezu kwamaxoxo, crayfish, izibungu, ezinye izinhlanzi kanye nezinye izakhamuzi eziningi zombuso ongaphansi kwamanzi ngeke ziphinde zilahle i-caviar. Imvamisa kwenzeka ukuthi i-caviar ibethelwe ogwini, lapho yoma khona, noma izinyoni zithuthe kuyo, ezinye izilwane ziyayidla.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi izidumbu aziyona into engacatshangwa yi-cannibalism, ngakho-ke isihlobo esivuthiwe ngokwengeziwe ngaphandle kokuzisola singadla umfowabo omncane. Ezindongeni lapho kuhlala khona izinhlanzi ezidla inyama, i-carp ingaba isidlo esihle se-pike noma i-catfish enkulu. Fry bathande ukondla okushubile, khona lapho bangabanjwa ezinye izilwane ezingakuthandi ukunambitha izinhlanzi. Kwezinhlobo ezincane, izinyoni (ama-gull, terns) ukuzingela izinhlanzi kungaba yingozi; ukukhula okuncane kuvame ukuhluka ekuhlaselweni kwazo.

Kuyiqiniso, umuntu angeke ehluleke ukusho umuntu ongabalwa futhi phakathi kwezitha ze-carp. Lolu hlobo lwenhlanzi ludumile kakhulu phakathi kwabadobi base-amateur abaye bafunda ngokucophelela imikhuba yabo nezinketho zokunambitha. Ukuthola isibonakaliso esinzima akuwona neze umsebenzi olula, kepha isifiso esingaxutshiwe so-mustachioed sivame ukudlala kuye. Kungaphawulwa ngokuzethemba ukuthi ukube bekungengenxa yezidalwa ezihlukile ezidonsa i-caviar kanye nefry of carp, khona-ke le nhlanzi ibingagcwalisa inani elikhulu lemifula nezinye izidumbu zamanzi.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Photo: Big Carp

Ibanga lokusatshalaliswa kwe-carp libanzi kakhulu, futhi abantu bakhona baningi kakhulu, le nhlanzi iphila ngokugcwele igama layo, ihlukaniswa ubuntu bayo obuphakeme kakhulu. I-Carp iqine kakhulu, ayikhathaleli imvelo, icishe ibe yinqaba, ngakho-ke itholakala kalula eziseleni ezahlukahlukene. Manje kunamapulazi amaningi ngokwengeziwe azalanisa ama-carps ngokwezifiso, ngoba kunenzuzo enkulu, ngoba ukuzalanisa izinhlanzi okumangalisayo, futhi ukuthola isisindo ngokushesha okukhulu.

Kungaphawulwa ngokuzethemba ukuthi le nhlanzi ayiboni lutho olusongela ubukhona bayo, inani labantu bakhona likhulu kakhulu, i-carp izala ngejubane elikhulu, ngakho-ke ayibangeli ukukhathazeka phakathi kososayensi, ayikho ngaphansi kokuvikelwa okukhethekile noma kuphi. Kuhle ukuthi kunezinto eziningi ezicindezelayo ezilawula ubuningi bayo (amaqanda noFry kudliwa yizo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, izinhlanzi, izinyoni nezinambuzane), ngaphandle kwalokho ubengaqongelela ngokuqinile izidumbu zamanzi eziningi futhi azingene ngokushesha kuzo.

Ngakho-ke, inani le-carp aliziboneli ukwehla lize phansi, le nhlanzi ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwama-gourmet, abantu abaningi bathanda inyama ye-carp, ngakho-ke inani elikhulu lezitsha ezahlukahlukene lingalungiswa kusuka kulo. Ukuphakamisa le nhlanzi ngokuthengisela inzuzo ethe xaxa kuyazuzisa kakhulu, ngoba ikhula ngokushesha futhi ngenkuthalo iphindaphindeka.

Ekugcineni, ngifuna ukukufaka lokho i-carp fish alugcini ngokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, kepha futhi nokubukeka okuhle, okuhle, nokubukeka kwegolide, ukuqina kwalo okunikezwa yinyosi encane. Manje sesiyazi ukuthi le nhlanzi enkulu kakhulu inomuntu ozolile nonokuthula, onesimo esihle sokuthobeka. Ukubuka ama-pirouette we -everoso owenziwa yi-carp ngokugxuma phezulu emanzini kuyintokozo engalibaleki. Futhi uma othile ekwazile ukukubona lokhu, uyinhlanhla yangempela.

Carp izinhlanzi. Indlela yokuphila, indawo yokuhlala nendlela yokupheka i-carp

I-Carp ingesinye sezikebhe eziyintandokazi zabadobi abanolwazi. Ukudoba i-Carp kuwumcimbi okhethekile alungiselelwe wona ngokucophelela. Esihlokweni ngizokhuluma ngezici zale nhlanzi, izindlela zokudoba nezindlela zokupheka.

I-Carp ingemndeni wama-cyprinid, isigaba sezinhlanzi ezikhazimulayo. Le yinhlanzi enkulu enomzimba omkhulu, oyindilinga. Ikhanda lilingana, likhulu ngamehlo agqamile. Umlomo onamandla utholakala ezansi kwekhanda, umhlathi ongenhla une-antennae ekhonjisiwe ngomsindo ophakeme. Amakhala awaphindwe kabili, futhi abekwe ngaphezulu.

Isikali sikhulu, sibushelelezi, sinamathele ngokuqinile esikhunjeni. Imiphetho yezikali ine-edging emnyama. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-carp ngenxa yokukhethwa ezalahlekile esikalini noma zaphenduka isikhumba (carp elingenalutho noma lesikhumba). Umbala wesikali uncike kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi nendawo ezihlala kuyo.

Isidumbu se-carp simbozwe nge-mucus eningi.

Ienza imisebenzi eminingana ngasikhathi sinye:

• ithuthukisa ukuzulazula kukholamu yamanzi,
• ilawula ukuhanjiswa kokushisa,
• ivikela izinhlanzi ezifweni nasezinambuzaneni.

Ngenxa ye-mucus, i-carp akulula kangako ukuyibamba ngezandla ezingenalutho. Ngisho nangemva kokushona, izikali ziyaqhubeka nokufihla umphuzi isikhashana.

Izidumbu zingamabhuleki amade. Baphila ngokuzolile kuze kube yiminyaka engama-45-50, futhi ngasikhathi sinye bafinyelela izilinganiso ezinkulu.

Izinhlobo ze-Carp

Kunombono ongelona iqiniso wokuthi izinhlanzi ze-carp ziyizinhlobo ezihlaselwe okwenziwe ukhokho wazo yi-carp.

Ukukholelwa okunjalo empeleni akulungile. Eqinisweni, izidumbu bezilokhu zitholakala njalo emizimbeni yamanzi ahlanzekile. Lezo zinhlobo ze-carp ezazihlala emanzini agobhozayo zazinomzimba omncane, ophakeme. Izinhlobo zeLacustrine ezihlala emizimbeni yamanzi emile enesizinda esicebile seFrance kancane kancane zathola isisindo futhi zikhula ngosayizi. Kwakuyilolu hlobo eyaqala ukubiliswa echibini lombusi laseChina, lapho yasakazekela khona kulo lonke i-Eurasia. Njengamanje, izinhlanzi ezinkulu zamanzi ahlanzekile ahlala emanzini amanje zithathwa njengezidumbu.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-carp:

1. I-Carp ejwayelekile. Izinhlobo zivame kakhulu. Kubizwa nangokuthi isikali, i-carp yegolide, njll. Umzimba mkhulu, uyindilinga, umbozwe ngokuphelele esikalini. Umbala useduze negolide noma nsundu, kuyatholakala imibala emnyama. Yile nhlobonhlobo eyisisekelo sokutshalwa kwezimo zokufakelwa.
2. I-Mirp Carp. Ngaphandle kokuzalela izinhlobo, ezifuywa eJalimane ekhulwini leminyaka edlule. Enye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke. Isikali asimbozi wonke umzimba, kepha kuphela ingxenye engenhla noma etholakala emgqeni wesikhungo somzimba. Isikali sikhulu kakhulu, sicwebezela, sifana nezibuko ezincane (yingakho umsuka wegama).
3. I-carp eyi-Naked (lesikhumba). Igama liyazikhulumela. Emzimbeni walolu hlobo lwe-carp akukho silinganiso. Le nhlobo ayiyona evamile njengabanye, ngenxa yokwanda kokuba sengozini yezifo kanye namagciwane.
4. I-Carp yasendle. Lolu hlobo lutholakala kuphela ezimweni zemvelo. Ihlala emzimbeni wamanzi kuphela ngamanzi agobhozayo, ngoba ayinakuba khona ezimeni zokuphelelwa umoya-mpilo. Umzimba we-carp wasendle uphakeme kakhulu futhi umbozwe nge-mucus. Isakhiwo se-muzzle sinokufana okuthile kwe-carp ejwayelekile.
5. I-Koi Carp (i-Japan Carp). AmaJapan adume ngokuthanda kwawo ukuzalanisa izinhlanzi ezihlobisa imihlobiso. Ngenxa yokukhethwa, bakwazi ukuthola izinhlobo ezinzile zezidumbu ezixakile. Lezi izinhlanzi ezibonakalayo ezinemibala ebomvu nemhlophe. Izimpawu ze-morphological ziyafana ne-carp yasendle noma evamile.

Kunezinhlobo ezingandile kakhulu zomndeni we-carp: i-Siamese carp, i-carp, i-crucian carp. Zonke lezi yizindlela ezingama-hybrid.

Usayizi we-Carp

Usayizi we-carp uncike kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo. Izidumbu zasendle azikhuli zibe zilingana ezinkulu. Isisindo esijwayelekile sabantu singamakhilogremu ama-3-4, kepha ukudoba ku-carp akunakulindeleka; bekukhona nezinhlobo eyodwa ezinesisindo esifinyelela ku-10 kg.

Izinhlobo zezichibi zikhulu kakhulu. Isisindo esisilinganiso esingu-3-7 kg. Kepha kunamacala abhaliwe wokubanjwa kwe-carp ejwayelekile echibini enesisindo esingaphezu kwama-55 kg. I-carp ejwayelekile ye-scaly inkulu ngokwedlula isibuko esisodwa. Izinhlobo zaseJapan azikhuli zibe ngosayizi omkhulu. Isisindo esijwayelekile esingu-1-2 kg.

Carp Habitats

I-Carp isatshalaliswa kabanzi kuyo yonke i-Eurasia. Izindawo zokuhlala kwezinhlobo zasendle zezidumbu zikukuphela kwamanzi, ngoba zidinga ukulinganisela okuhle komoya.

Izinhlobo zeChibi zizizwa zizinhle emanzini amile. Kungaba amachibi, amachibi, amadamu okugcina. Izinhlobo zeLacustrine zingama-thermophilic, ngakho-ke, azitholakali ezindaweni ezisenyakatho.

Isibuko nezinhlobo ezijwayelekile zingahlala emanzini angcolile angodaka. Lokhu akuphazamisi impilo yabo.

Ehlobo, ama-carps akhetha izindawo ezifudumele kahle ezinobunzima obungeqi kumamitha ayi-5. Phansi kukhethwe usilika noma ubumba.

Indlela yokuphila yeCarp

I-Carp inendlela yokuphila eqoqayo. Izilwane ezisencane zidonswa phansi ziye emihlambini emikhulu, kuthi abantu abadala bahlala bodwa, kodwa baqhubeke babone izihlobo zabo. Ukukhula okusha kubhukuda emanzini angajulile, emahlathini we-algae. Izidumbu ezinkulu zihlala ngokujulile, zikhuphukele phezulu kuphela lapho zifuna ukudla.

AmaCarps ayizakhamuzi ezihlala phansi zezidumbu zamanzi, ezingaphansi kokufuduka. Indawo abahlala kuyo iyisithunzi nokuhlwa. Ama-glade acwebile we-solar ngaphandle kwe-algae akulona lawo.

Carp unikezwa ekuseni nakusihlwa. Kwesinye isikhathi uma ufuna ukudla kungaba ukuphuma emanzini. Uyenza ngokuxakayo, eshiya ama-splashes amaningi nemibuthano enkulu emanzini.

I-Carps ayinalo ulaka. Abalokothi bahlanganyele insimu, ukudla noma abesifazane. Isici esibalulekile sale nhlanzi amandla okubona yonke into ezungezile futhi aqaphele imibala.

Ebusika, ama-carps akwi-animation emisiwe. Aya ekujuleni, ambozwe ungqimba obukhulu be-mucus futhi alale. Ukuvuka kwenzeka kuphela entwasahlobo, lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi lifinyelela ku-8-10 ° C.

Umjikelezo wempilo weCarp

Ngemuva kokuthi owesimame abeke amaqanda, bese owesilisa emmotile, umjikelezo wempilo we-carp uqala. Cishe isikhathi esingangesonto kamuva, izibungu ezincane zibamba amaqanda (ingabi ngaphezu kuka-5 mm). Izinsuku zokuqala eziyi-10 bazondla esikhwameni esiphuzi, esiqukethe wonke umsoco odingekayo. Lapho i-yolk sac inyamalala, gazinga luqala ukuzondla lodwa.

Intsha ihlala ikakhulukazi ezihlahleni zotshani kanye nolwelwe. I-Carp ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ngonyaka ikhula ibe ngu-20cm futhi inesisindo esingama-500g. Ngeminyaka emibili yokuphila, i-carp isivele inesisindo esingaphezu kwekhilogremu. Ngeminyaka emithathu, abesilisa bavuthwa ngokocansi, bese kuthi abesifazane babe yizihlanu. Isikhathi sokukhula siqala.

Impilo yeCarp iyisilinganiso seminyaka engu-3-8. Ezindaweni ezikude lapho kungekho badobi, izidumbu zingahlala ngokuphephile iminyaka engama-30 noma ngaphezulu.

Izindlela zokubamba i-carp

Izindlela zokubamba i-carp akuyona umsebenzi olula, ikakhulukazi uma izinhlanzi zinkulu. Umgomo oyinhloko ukuthi lokho kubhekana kumele kube okuqinile futhi okuthembekile ukuze kubekezeleleke ukudonswa kwezinhlanzi ezinkulu.

Muva nje, ukudoba i-carp ku-feeder kudume kakhulu. Idivayisi ilula:

• induku elukhuni (250-300cm),
• Spinning Reel
• feeder esindayo. Udlala indima yesinki,
• ukuqhuma ngezingwegwe. Zingafakwa ku "rocker",
• ukuluma ubhakha.

Kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa isiheyidi ku-feeder (imvamisa kuyiphalishi noma izingxenye zezitshalo). Kusetshenziswa induku yokudoba, okondlayo, kanye nezingwegwe, uphonswa echibini. Kufakwa inkomba yokuluma kwinduku yokudoba. Konke, ungakhululeka bese ulinda isiginali. Ama-feeders eza ngosayizi ahlukahlukene. Isisindo, okuqhubekayo ungaphosa ngakho.

I-Donka-zakidushka mhlawumbe iyindlela yakudala kakhulu futhi efakazelwe kunazo zonke yokubamba i-carp. Idivaysi elula kunje:

• ukugoqa,
• umugqa omkhulu wokudoba oyisihlungo (ubude buxhomeke kwisichibi esithile, kodwa kungcono ukuthatha ngomugqa),
• ukuvuza okumbalwa ngezingwegwe,
• isinki esindayo (ivumela izingwegwe zibe endaweni eyodwa)
• ukuluma ubhakha.

Indlela yokudoba ilula. Intambo yokudoba enesinki nesikhuhluzo iphonswa endaweni ehlanganisiwe. Emgqeni ophambili udinga ukunamathisela idivaysi ekhombisa ukuluma. Amagiya anjalo angaxhunywa nenduku ngesilinganiso se-tepi.

Induku yokudoba nayo iyathandwa lapho kudotshwa i-carp.

Ngaye, uzodinga amagiya anjalo:

• induku eqinile yokudoba (5-6 m). Kungcono ukungagcini kukho, ngoba lapho unakekela isampula enkulu, ukuthathwa kalula kungamane kuphule,
• ukubambana ngezihlakala
• ukuntanta,
• Sika ama-pellets ukuze kuthunyelwe okulungile kwe-float,
• izingwegwe
• umugqa wokudoba. Oyinhloko kufanele abe mkhulu, ngama-leash - acinene.

Sitshala isihejo, siphonsa lokho kubanjiswa endaweni ebolekisiwe bese silinda ukulunywa.

Lezi kwakuyizindlela ezintathu ezithandwa kakhulu zokubamba i-carp. Ngokuya ngesifunda, amagiya angaba nezici zokuklama.

Carp Bait

Ukuhamba nge-Carp bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amakhulu amathathu:

1. Imvelaphi yezitshalo. Lokhu kufaka ummbila nophizi, ngesinye isikhathi ungasebenzisa ibhali elikhulu leparele. Inhlama ethosiwe nesinkwa zizibonakalise kahle.
2. Imvelaphi yezilwane. Lezi yizo zonke izinhlobo zezikelemu, amagwababa egazi, amacimbi, izingcezu zenyama. Njengomthetho, isiheho esinjalo siyasebenza maphakathi nehlobo.
3. Imvelaphi yokwenziwa. Lezi yizo zonke izinhlobo zezimpukane, ama-mormyshki, njll. Manje kaningi ungathola izithiyo ezinjalo ezitolo.

Ama-ranchers amaningi e-carp azenzela okwawo izithiyo.

I-Carp bait

Ukubheja okulungile kwe-carp kuyingxenye yempumelelo. Indawo kufanele idliwe kahle, asikho isidingo sokugcina kulokhu.

Umdobi ngamunye uneendlela zakhe zokupheka. Ngizokhuluma ngezinto ezilula kakhulu nezisebenzayo.

Ummbila + weparele + ikhekhe + ukunambitheka. I-Carp impela injengephunga lezinhlamvu ezinama-acid noma ama-legumes. Ngakho-ke, sipheka ngale ndlela: cwilisa ummbila kanye nebhali emanzini amahora angu-12. Ngemuva kwalokho sikhipha amanzi, engeza i-oyela enongiwe kanye ne-oyela, uhlanganise. Yonke into yokuloba isilungile. Iresiphi ilula, kepha ayisebenzi kangako.

Ukunambitha i-peas + i-cornmeal +. I-peas idinga ukufakwa kosuku, kuyilapho amanzi edinga ukushintshwa. Lapho i-peas isilungile, kufanele ihlanganiswe ne-cornmeal bese ingeza ukunambitheka.

Ukunambitheka kwe-Carp nakho kufanele kukhethwe kahle. Okubukeka ngokukhethekile yile: igalikhi, uju, i-caramel, i-vanilla.

Carp izitsha

Ungapheka izitsha ezahlukahlukene kusuka ku-carp:

• i-carp ebhakwe - ungabhaka ku-foil, ku-grill, ngemifino, nososo oluhlukahlukene. I-carp njalo izoba kuhle. Lesi sidlo asinamahloni ukubeka etafuleni lomkhosi,
• izindlebe - kusuka ku-carp ungapheka izindlebe ezicebile ekhishini noma ensimini,
• ama-cutlets - amaqebelengwane enhlanzi asezinhlanzini zasemfuleni - isidlo esinempilo nesokudla,
• i-carp ethosiwe - i-carp ethosiwe epanini ngeke ishiye noma ngubani ongenandaba. Tender inyama nezinongo imane inyibilika emlonyeni wakho.

Ukupheka kusuka ku-carp kulula, ngisho nomgcini we-novice angakwazi ukukuphatha.

Okuqukethwe kwekhalori kwe-carp

I-Carp iyinhlanzi yasemfuleni, ngakho-ke okuqukethwe kwayo kwekhalori akukho phezulu. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori kwe-carp kuphela i-112 kcal / 100g. Lokhu kusebenza kwinhlanzi ebilisiwe noma entshontshiwe. I-carp ethosiwe ikhalori eningi.

Kunoma ikuphi, i-carp ilungele kahle indlela yokudla enempilo noma yokudla. Abantu ababanjwe endle banempilo enhle ukwedlula emachibini okufakelwa.

Ungapheka kanjani i-carp

I-Carp yinhlanzi emnandi ecebile ngezinto ezilandelwayo. Izazi zezondlamzimba zeluleka ukudla inyama njalo ngenxa yekhalori yayo ephansi nokuqukethwe amavithamini. Phakathi kwezinye izinhlanzi intengo ye-carp etholakala kumthengi.

Abapheki abanolwazi batusa ukulungiselela izitsha ezivela ezinhlanzini ezibukhoma ezithengiwe. I-Carp ine-flavour ekhethekile, okuthi lapho isitoreji ingaqina futhi ingabi mnandi. Imvamisa, ilungiselelwe ukucubungula i-carp:

-bhaka kuhhavini. Kulokhu, isidumbu siyasawoti bese sithathwa ngamakha. Ngemuva kwalokho faka emakhazeni lapho ukha amanzi. Ngemuva kwehora, lisakaze ku-foil, usike inyama ngemuva bese ufaka izingcezu zikalamula. Ngaphakathi kwesidumbu, indawo igcwele u-anyanisi oqoshiwe. Thela ukhilimu omuncu bese ubeka ekhasini lokubhaka kuhhavini. Ngemuva kwesigamu sehora, inhlanzi isilungile.

- okuthosiwe epanini. Izicucu ezisikiwe zifakwe obisini olunosawoti imizuzu engu-10. Bese ukhipha, uthele ngezinongo bese ugoqa ufulawa. Inhlanzi ithosiwe emafutheni wejongilanga ngokufakwa kwebhotela ukuze kutholakale uqweqwe olunambitheka ikakhulukazi. Noma ngubani owaziyo ukupheka izinhlanzi ze-carp uyohlala ejabulisa izivakashi ngendishi enempilo nenempilo.