Kunenkulumo eningi mayelana nale nkinga kanye nokunyuka kwamanani, kunesizathu, kepha kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi akuzange kube kudala izinto ezinje nge-CO2, amalambu akhethekile nezihlungi ezinamandla zazingabonakali.

Futhi kwakukhona ama-aquariums amancane, angama-50-100 wamalitha enezinhlanzi eziphila bukhoma nezilula, imvamisa zaziyizitshalo ezintantayo nje. Elula, elishibhile, elishibhile

Angikukhuthaze ukuba ubuyele ezintweni ezinjalo, kodwa ngeke kulimaze ukukhumbula izinhlanzi ze-viviparous. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eziningi zazo zazikhohliwe ngokungafanele ngabasokhemisi.

Uma ubheka ezincwadini zesikhathi se-USSR ocwaningweni lwe-aquarium, uzothola izinhlanzi eziningana eziphila bukhoma lapho, ezingashiwongo ngisho naku-Intanethi.

Futhi encwadini ethi Exotic Aquarium Fishing ebhalwe nguWilliam Innes (Innes Publishing Company, 1948), izinhlobo ezingama-26 zibaliwe!

Qhathanisa nezincwadi zesimanje eziklelisa ezine ezinkulu: ama-mollies, ama-guppies, amadoda akhonto, ipecilia nakho konke. Uma ama-aquarists egcine izinhlobo eziningi zeminyaka engama-60, pho kungani konke manje sekuncishisiwe kane?

Iqiniso ngukuthi le mibono ekhanya kakhulu, ngokuhlukahluka okuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfuyo elula evela emvelweni imvamisa ibhekwa ngabasolwandle njengezinhlanzi ezilula nezingelula, ezilungele abaqalayo.

Ake sibheke ezinye izinhlanzi ezikhohliwe eziphilayo. Zonke zinokuthula, azidingi mizamo ekhethekile yokuzalanisa, izinguquko zamanzi kanye nesiqu sesayensi kumakhemikhali.

Ama-aquarists angomakadebona aqaphela abangane bakudala phakathi kwabo, futhi abaqalayo bayojwayela inhlanzi entsha, empeleni enhle endala ekhohliwe.

I-Girardinus metallicus (Girardinus metallicus)

I-Girardinus metallus, njengoba negama lisho, yensimbi. Imibala isukela kwesiliva iye kwigolide, ngokuya ngokukhanya, kukhona nemivimbo ebheke phezulu emzimbeni, kepha icishe ingabonakali.

Abesilisa banamachashazi amnyama ekhanda, umphimbo, ne-anal fin. Kwesinye isikhathi ziyahlangana, kepha inhlanzi ngayinye ivezwa ngokuhlukile. Njengoba kwenzeka kaningi kwabesifazane besifazane abangama-viviparous, izinsikazi ze-girardinus zikhulu kunabesilisa futhi zikhula zibe ngu-7 cm, kanti abesilisa bangama-3-4 cm.

I-Girardinus metallus yinhlanzi ebukekayo ezohlala ngokuyisimangaliso e-aquarium ekhulisiwe enomthamo wamalitha angama-40 noma ngaphezulu.

Engazithobanga, ahlala emvelweni emanzini am Brackish, kodwa e-aquarium futhi abekezelela amanzi amasha ngokuphelele, anesizotha.

Banikezwe usayizi, omakhelwane babo badinga ukukhethwa ngokucophelela. Ama-prowns ama-Cherry kanye neminenna ye-neretina, amakhorali kanye namarobha amancane, ama-tetras, ama-iris nezinye izinhlanzi ezinokuthula nama-invertebrates amahle.

Uma ukhulisa enye ye-viviparous ejwayelekile, khona-ke imigomo iyafana nalapha. Okokuqala, kufanele kube nabesifazane abaningi ukwedlula abesilisa, ngaphandle kwalokho bazosukela izinsikazi ukuze lokhu kuholele engxakini.

Ngemuva kwalokho udinga izitshalo ezintantayo, ezinjenge-pistii. Zizohlinzeka indawo yokukhosela yabesifazane nabesifazane. Yize i-girardinus metallus ingazingeli i-fry yayo, izinhlanzi zisengadla.

Futhi uma kunezitshalo ezintantayo ebusweni, kulula kakhulu ekuseni ukubamba i-fry ecashe emthunzini wabo.

IFomosa (iHeterandria formosa)

Akujwayelekile kulezi zinhlanzi ukuthi abesifazane nabesilisa bafana kakhulu. Ziyisiliva, umucu omnyama obanzi ugijima phakathi komzimba. Baphinde babe nebala elimnyama eduze kwe-caudal fin.

Ukunquma ubulili be-formosis, udinga ukubheka i-anal fin, enamadoda amafomu i-gonopodia. Lesi isici esijwayelekile sazo zonke i-viviparous, ngosizo lwe-gonopodia (elifana ne-tube), owesilisa uthumela ubisi kowesifazane.

Amafomu izinhlanzi ezincane! Abesilisa abekho ngaphezu kuka-2 cm ubude, kanti abesifazane bungu-3 cm ubude. Noma zinokuthula okukhulu, osayizi abathobekile kanjalo babekela imingcele komakhelwane okungenzeka ukuthi banesifo sokuqina.

Uma ufuna i-aquarium yezinhlobo, bese ukhetha i-cherry shrimp ne-banana shrimp, ngoba zidinga izimo ezifanayo. Kuyamnandi, amanzi anzima nesibalo esikhulu sezitshalo.

Ukufakwa okuncane kosawoti kuzodala izimo ezidingekayo zokuqina; Usawoti nawo ulusizo ezifweni zamagciwane, kepha ungakwenza ngaphandle kwawo.

Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo ezishisayo, i-formosa yizinhlobo ezingaphansi komhlaba futhi ithanda amanzi ngokushisa okungaba ngu-20C, kupholile kakhulu ebusika futhi kufudumele kancane ehlobo.

Udinga indawo yamanje enamandla neningi. Njengamanye ama-viviparous, i-formosa ithanda ukudla okuxubile okubandakanya ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane.

Limia nigrofasciata

Uma izinhlanzi ezimbili zangaphambili zinganakwa ngabasebenza emanzini, khona-ke ama-limia awanakwa. I-limy inomzimba wesiliva onemigqa emnyama one-tint yobusi, kanti abesilisa banemivimbo emnyama eceleni kwayo okucacisa igama lenhlanzi.

Ukuzigcina zilula njenge-pecilia, ziyafana ngosayizi nohlamvu, kepha ama-limi athanda amanzi afudumele kancane. Ukushisa kusuka ku-24 kuye ku-26 kuzolunga nje.

NjengoPecilia, bathanda umfutho omncane, kepha izinhlaka zamanzi zingahluka kakhulu, yize amanzi alukhuni futhi anosawoti omncane ethandwa.

Zihlala amachibi aminyene, lapho izikelemu zegazi nokunye ukudla kwezilwane kuhlangana khona ngengozi.

Iphila kakhulu, ingaphezu kwezinye imfuyo. Kufanele zigcinwe okungenani i-6 e-aquarium ngayinye, abesilisa ababili nabesifazane abane ngamalitha angama-50 amanzi. Izitshalo ezintantayo zizoba ngaphezulu, ngoba zinikeza indawo yokukhosela inhlanzi encane enamahloni nenamahloni nendawo yokubambisa.

I-Limia melanogaster emnyama enamnyama

I-limia enamabala amnyama kwesinye isikhathi iyathengiswa futhi itholakale ezinhlwini zezincwadi. Ukubukeka kuhluka kakhulu, kepha izinsikazi zivame ukuba mpunga ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikalini phakathi komzimba.

Abesilisa bayalingana, kodwa bancane futhi banamachashaza amnyama emakhanda abo, amaphiko. Abesilisa nabesifazane banendawo enkulu emnyama esiswini sabo eyabanika igama.

Futhi, ngosayizi nokuziphatha kubukeka njenge-pecilia. Abesilisa bafika ku-4 cm ubude; izinsikazi zikhulu futhi zigcwala.

Ukuzalela kuvamile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ngendlela, i-limia enebala elimnyama ingakheka inzalo nge-pecillia, ngakho-ke kungcono ukugcina uhlobo olulodwa lwezilwane ezihlala bukhoma e-aquarium ukugcina lohlobo.

I-Molliesia yamahhala (i-Poecilia salvatoris)

Inhlanzi kuthiwa yenziwa ngumbullies, isanda kuqala ukuhlukaniswa njengezinhlobo ezihlukile futhi entshonalanga iya ngokuya ithandwa kakhulu.

Owesilisa nowesifazane banombala omhlophe wesiliva, onamasikali owolintshi nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha owesimame umbala onsundu. Umbala uyaqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi amadala, amaduna ahamba phambili athola amachibi amakhulu, ahamba ngomkhumbi nemibala ekhanyayo.

Okubi kuphela ukuthi izinhlanzi ezihlala ziphila ziba nokuthula okukhulu, kepha i-salvatoris, kunalokho, iyathanda ukugqekeza izinsephe zayo futhi iyathandeka. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kwako konke ukuheha, le nhlanzi akuyona eyokuqala futhi kungcono ukuyigcina ngokwahlukana.

Ezindaweni ezinamanzi amancane, abesilisa balwa njalo, futhi noma ngabe kuhlala abesilisa ababili kuphela kuwo, loyo obuthakathaka uyoshaywa afe.

Zidinga ukugcinwa ngamaqembu lapho owesilisa oyedwa enabesifazane ababili noma owesilisa oyedwa nowesifazane abaningi.

Njengamanye ama-mollies, lolu hlobo lwe-herbivorous ikakhulukazi, futhi ludla kahle ama-fiber flakes. Ubukhulu obukhulu buba ngu-7 cm, kanti izinsikazi zincane kakhulu kunabesilisa.

I-aquarium yamalitha ayi-100 izokwanela iqembu labesilisa abathathu nabesifazane abayisithupha. I-aquarium idinga ukumbozwa, njengoba izinhlanzi zingaphuma kuzo.

Half-red-black (dermogenys spp.)

Kuhlobo lweDermogenys, kunezinhlanzi ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili ezifanayo, iningi lazo ezithengiswayo zibizwa ngokuthi yi-D. pusilla, kodwa empeleni akekho ohlukanisa zona komunye nomunye.

Umbala womzimba uhluka kusuka kwesiliva-mhlophe kuya kokusiphundu-grey, kanti owesilisa angaba bomvu, aphuzi noma abe mnyama emigqonyeni.

Kuliqiniso, kunokwehlukahluka okuhlukahlukeneko kwako, futhi enye ingahle ikhanye kunenye.

Abesilisa banolaka bebhekise komunye nomunye, kepha gwema ukuxabana emanzini acwazimulayo. I-aquarium yamalitha angama-80 yanele abesilisa abathathu nabesifazane abayisithupha.

I-Semi-fish idinga ukudla okuhlukahlukene, okubandakanya okuphilayo, okuyisitshalo kanye nokudla kokufakelwa.

Phambilini izinhlanzi ezinesigamu bezithathwa njengezinhlanzi ezingakulungele ukugcinwa emanzini ajwayelekile, kepha lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Yebo, bangancintisana nezinhlanzi ngesikhathi sokudla, kepha ungathatha i-catfish, i-acanthophthalmus nezinye izinhlanzi ezingezansi.

Ngendlela, bagxuma kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukumboza i-aquarium!

Ukuzalela kuyafana nezinye i-viviparous, insikazi izala ama-fry amasonto amathathu kuya amane ngemuva kokuzala. Fry makhulu, 4-5 mm futhi angadla ama-flakes asemhlabathini aphansi, i-artemia nauplii, ama-microworms, ngisho ne-daphnia encane. Kepha, bathambekele ekungazalani ebudaleni.

Ama-Aquarists aqaphela ukuthi ekuqaleni izinsikazi zizala ama-20 gy, khona-ke inani liyancipha bese linyamalala ngokuphelele. Kungcono ukuthi izizukulwane eziningana zama-dermogenises zihlala ku-aquarium.

I-Ameca (Ameca splendens)

Kungukubukeka okunzima, ngoba ama-amec acwebezelayo athanda ukukhipha amaphiko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hhayi nje kuphela izinhlanzi ezinamaphini weveli noma amancanyana awela lapho kusatshalaliswa, ziyakwazi nokulandela imigudu!

I-Amek ingagcinwa kanye nezinye izinhlanzi, kepha kufanele kube izinhlobo ezisheshayo, ezinjengezimbali noma ameva. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi ziqaqa izimbotshana, abesilisa abasabekezelelani.

Kuyahlekisa ukuthi le ndlela yokuziphatha i-aquarium ngaphezulu, ngokwemvelo ibekezelela impela.

Ngakho-ke, yini enhle kubo? Kuyinto elula, yinhle, inhlanzi ehehayo. Izinsikazi ziyisiliva ezinamachashazi amnyama, abesilisa abenombala ofanayo oyisicaba, enepiki lensimbi. Abesilisa abahamba phambili bakhanya kunabanye.

Abesifazane bazala cishe ama-20 fry, amakhulu, aze afike ku-5 mm ubude. Lamafry mancane kakhulu kunama-neon avuthiwe ocansi athengiswa ezitolo zezilwane!

Izinhlanzi ezindala azinaki i-fry yazo, ukuze zikhule futhi zakhe izikole nabazali bazo.

Bahlala kakhulu emaqenjini amakhulu, lapho kukhona abesifazane ababili kowesilisa nowesilisa okungenani abangama-4, ukuze bagweme ukulwa.

Udinga ukondla okusanhlamvu ngokuqukethwe okunama-fiber amaningi, kepha imifino emisha nemifino yolwandle ethambile edakiwe izosiza la makhwapha alinde isikhathi phakathi kokuphaka.

Ngendlela, emvelweni, izitho cishe zaphela, ngakho-ke ulondoloze imvelo futhi usize izinhlobo ziphila.

Isiphetho

Lokhu kumane nje kubukelwa ngamafuphi ngezinhlanzi eziveza bukhoma, ezingathandwa kakhulu namuhla. Kulula ukuqaphela ukuthi bonke abazithobi, bayathakazelisa futhi abasajwayelekile.

Noma ngabe ungubani, uqali ofuna ukuzama isandla sakhe ngenhlanzi eqinile noma umlweli onolwazi, kuyohlale kunenhlanzi evuthayo ekunambithekeni kwakho.