Gammarus - abavamile angenasawoti ezinamagobolondo amphipods. Uma ubamba lo crustacean, izoshesha ngokushesha entendeni yesandla sakho futhi ulwe nayo.
Ama-gammaruses anomzimba ogobile, ocindezelwe kancane ezinhlangothini, umzimba ugcwele phezulu. Amehlo ala ezinamagobolondo kukhona sessile, banalo ukuma eziyinkimbinkimbi: umbhangqwana wokuqala lama-antenna iqondiswa phambili, umbhangqwana yesibili emuva, ngenkathi mufushane kulokuqala.
I-Mormysh, noma i-gammarus (Gammarus).
Kukhona izigqoko kubhangqwana bemilenze ye-thoracic, ngosizo lwawo ama-gammarus athumba inyamazane, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, akhonza ukuvikela nokuhlasela. Abesilisa ubambe izimpiko ka izinsikazi ngesikhathi kokuzalela. ICrayfish isebenzisa ngazimbili imilenze yesisu ukubhukuda, futhi ngosizo lwemithathu yokugcina iyagxuma. Imilenze egxekayo imidwe ngamaqabunga, inamabhulashi amaningi, ngenxa yokuthi ama-crustaceans awasebenzisa njengesigelekeqe.
Ngenxa le nombolo imilenze, amphipods ukubhukuda ngokushesha futhi ukwenza ukunyakaza ahlukahlukene dexterous. Basebenzisa imilenze yokuhamba yokuhamba ngokushesha phakathi kwezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Amapuleti akhethekile avikela amagilebhisi abuthakathaka emonakalweni.
Lezi zilwanyana ezinomzimba omalungalunga inhlanzi ukudla.
Ngesikhathi sokubhukuda, i-gammarus yenza ukunyakaza okuhamba ngezinyawo ngemilenze yokubhukuda, kuyilapho izimbambo ezi-2 zemilenze yokuhamba yangaphambili nazo ziyasebenza. IGammarus, yize zibizwa ngama-amphipods, leli gama alinembile ngokuphelele, ngoba zibhukuda ezinhlangothini zazo kuphela ngemifudlana emincane noma eduze nolwandle. Futhi uma ukujula kuyinto evamile, khona-ke bebhukuda efulathele up. Ama-gammaruse akhetha ukuqondisa kokunyakaza, ukugoba nokususa isisu.
La ma-crustaceans angakwazi ukuphuma emanzini ngokuqinile, axoshwe ngokuxhuma imilenze evela endaweni eqinile.
Musa gammarus adle kanjani?
Ukudla kwe-gammarus kuqukethe ukudla kwezilwane nezitshalo. Ukudla okuthambile kuyathandwa: inhlanzi efile, izitshalo zokubola, imfucumfucu yezilwane ehlukahlukene.
Gammarus ayizikhombisi we umoyampilo amanzi.
Ngesikhathi sokudla, zingaqoqwa ngenani elikhulu. Emanzini, ama-crustaceans atholiswa inyama. Gammarus ninamandla ukuze bakwazi besika inetha lokudoba uma zibuthe ke sibaningi futhi udle izinhlanzi ubanjwe.
Lezi crustaceans zihlala eduze nogu ngaphansi kwamatshe noma phakathi kwezimila zasolwandle. Ebusika, i-gammarus ibuthana phakathi kwezimpande zomhlanga, lapho ungathola khona inani elikhulu lokudla.
Nakuba lezi ezinamagobolondo ematasa ngaphansi kwamanzi, badinga i-oksijini. Imilenze yesisu ye-gammarus ihlala ihamba, zakha umfudlana wamanzi ogeza gill. Futhi, umfudlana wamanzi uhlanza amaqanda asemakamelweni okuzala ngesikhathi sokuzalela.
Kukho konke ukuphila, la ezinamagobolondo zikhule, phakathi naleso sikhathi zisuke molt ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ebusika, ukuncibilika kwenzeka njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-16-18, futhi ehlobo - njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7. Kuma-amphipods amancane abesifazane, ngemuva kwe-7th molt, ukuphuma kwe-lamellar kuvela emilenzeni, eyakha ikamelo le-brood. Lezi zingqimba engonxantathu ngesimo isikebhe, ohlangothini ventral bona bukhomba efana iminwe yezandla eligoqiwe. Ezinhlangothini zepuleti azivali, kepha thinta kuphela izingalo eziseceleni. Okusho ukuthi, isikhwama semifino yale crustaceans siyishubhu sesakhiwo sethala, elivulwe ngazo zombili izinhlangothi, sibonga ngalokhu, amaqanda abalele kuwo, kutholakala amanzi amaningi.
Gammarus abamele elincane ezinamagobolondo.
Ngemuva kwe-molt ye-10, eyenzeka cishe inyanga ye-3 yendawo equmbile, i-gammarus iyavuthwa ngokocansi, kepha umzimba wayo ufinyelela kuphela isigamu sobude.
Ukuzalela kweGammarus
Ngenkathi yokuzalela, ezazibanjwa besilisa insikazi futhi ihlala phezu kwakhe emuva cishe isonto. Ibanjelwe emzimbeni wesifazane ngosizo lwezithungo zayo ezitholakala emilenzeni yokubamba. Ngalesi sikhathi, izintokazi zezinsikazi, futhi owesilisa uyamsiza ukulahla isikhumba esidala ngemilenze yakhe. Lapho molt kuphelile, yokudluliswa besilisa isidoda imilenze yakhe besisu ekamelweni Nzalo insikazi. Usakaza imbewu odongeni lwegumbi. Le nqubo ithatha imizuzwana eminingana, eyeduna ngokushesha ibamba kowesifazane, ibeke amaqanda esikhwameni.
amaqanda Gammarus makhulu, emnyama ngombala. Ku-clutch eyodwa kukhona amaqanda angaba ngu-30. Akhula kungakapheli amasonto angama-2-3 ngesikhathi esifudumele, futhi uma kupholile, khona-ke lesi sikhathi sikhuphukela ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5. bakheké ngokuphelele gammarus dweba kusuka amaqanda, kanye molt ngamunye inani izingxenye e-antenna enqwabelanisa iyakhula.
IGammarus ifana ne-amphipod crustaceans.
Lapho ama-gammarus asemancane edonsa, awasheshi ukuphuma emakamelweni ezinsikazi, futhi awashiye kuphela ngemuva kokutholwa kokuqala kanye nezikhumba ezindala. I ezinamagobolondo achanyuselwa entwasahlobo baba ubulili abavuthiwe ekwindla. Ukuzalaniswa kwesiqongo kwenzeka ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Ekuphakameni kwendawo enomswakama, izinsikazi ze-gammarus zilala imichilo eminingana ngesikhathi sokuphila kwazo, kukodwa okwenziwe enyakatho, futhi isikhathi sokuzala siqala maphakathi nehlobo.
Umbala ezinamagobolondo amphipod ngokuvamile iningi ogqamile. Lo mbala wakheka ngenxa yemibala yezitshalo ezidliwayo. IGammarus engadli imifino eluhlaza ayinawo umbala oluhlaza. Umbala kungaba ogqamile, sinombala futhi aphuzi. Kepha izinhlobo ze-Baikal ze-gammarus zihlukile, imizimba yazo inemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ebomvu neluhlaza okotshani. Izinhlobo ezingaphansi komhlaba nolwandle olujulile azinamabala, kepha kunezinhlobo ezinhle ze-planktonic ezijulile zasolwandle.
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