Yonkana nayo yonke indawo emhlabeni, ezonini kwamahlathi coniferous noma lezihlahla, ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana izilwane ezincane engavamile ezingaba ngobuchwepheshe fly ngokusebenzisa emoyeni engenamaphiko. Lezi sidla amagundane amancane abizwa ngokuthi amaprotheni oluyingozi, noma squirrel flying. I engavamile kwalezi zilwane ukuthi zindiza kwesinye isihlahla siye kwesinye ngosizo ulwelwesi esikhulu zitholakala phakathi emilenzeni indluzelekazi futhi phambi.

Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo

Photo: Flying squirrel

Flying ezincelisayo noma flying izingwejeje kukhona okudaliwe emangalisayo kakhulu ukuthi akuzona kuncike imithetho gravity.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zalokhu izilwane:

• izingwejeje elula flying,
• uvolo amaphiko
• izingwejeje marsupial flying,
• tenonails.

Lawa imindeni ezahlukene kokuba okhokho ezivamile. lozalo babo baqala eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-150 edlule. Amaqiniso ziqinisekiswa okutholakele, okuyinto eyenziwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-150 ubudala, kwatholakala China. izidalwa sidilizwa endizayo ukuhambisa eduze kwezihlahla engumakhelwane ngendlela efanayo njengoba yesimanje ezindizayo izingwejeje.

Ukubukeka nezimpawu

Photo: Flying squirrel isilwane

izingwejeje Flying kukhona uhlobo ushukela njalo opossum, kodwa abe zifana omkhulu ngamaprotheni abavamile.

izici esasenza izingwejeje ezindizayo yilezi:

• ububanzi nesibaya-ulwelwesi phakathi indluzelekazi futhi imilenze front,
• mkhulu noboya abushelelezi,
• elikhulu emehlweni ekhululekile.

Lezi zilwane abe usayizi encane kakhulu ezihlangene. Abanaso sikhule ezingaphezu kuka 20-22 cm, futhi kanye umsila omude. Ngokuvamile amaduna inkudlwana futhi kunamandla nabesifazane. amehlo UKwenza iZinto ngeNdlela eNgakajayeleki, uyazikhulumela, round futhi enkulu isilwane umvumele ukuba orientate yena usuku kahle noma ebusuku, futhi izimpiko abukhali enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba sebehamba ngokukhululeka besuka ezweni emagatsheni futhi imiqhele izihlahla.

Isilwane anomzimba oyindilinga ikhanda elincane, amehlo amakhulu amnyama. Hind waseTarsu ezinkulu, ebukhali izimisele kuya izimpiko phansi. noboya balesi silwane uthambile kakhulu, abushelelezi futhi Fluffy. Umbala siyashintsha isizini. Ehlobo, izingwejeje abe umbala kancane ngokubomvu, futhi ebusika umthunzi olumhlophe-grey. Lokhu kuvumela izilwane kufihla kalula futhi abonakale ezungeze noma izilwane ezidla ezinye nolaka, okuholela yokuphila asebenzayo.

Kukuphi flying squirrel bukhoma?

Photo: Flying squirrel eMoscow

izingwejeje Flying ngokwemvelo atholakala cishe emhlabeni wonke.

Ungahlangana kubo:

• emazweni ahlukahlukene: eRussia, eMelika, e-Europe,
• emazweni ahlukahlukene: Mongolia, Korea, China, njll,
• eziqhingini ezincane nezinkulu: eJapane, ku-Sakhalin, kwi-Kuril Islands.

Izilwane athande ukuphila birch olumanzi noma amahlathi lezihlahla. Ukuze bangamukele emizini yabo, bavame ukusebenzisa isihlahla emigodini ubudala noma ishiywe inyoni izidleke. I grey umbala ezithambile izinwele kunengxenye ekwenzeni sifihle ezinhle isilwane, ukuhlanganisa birch noma Alder amagxolo.

Ensimini ka Russia kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-10 izinhlobonhlobo izingwejeje ezindizayo, ezithinta ezincane bokuphila umehluko bodwa bathi:

• ESiberia futhi Anadyr
• Semipalatinsk futhi yakut,
• Ussuri futhi Sakhalin.

Lesitshalo kuhluke ikhono lazo ebusika bese ukuzivumelanisa okushisa aphansi. I yakut futhi Anadyr zinhlobo babe eside noboya mkhulu, ebavumela hhayi ukumisa kwamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu.

Izinhlobo eziningi izingwejeje ezindizayo ahlelwe eNcwadini Olubomvu ezivikelwe ngumthetho ngezizwe Ukudutshulwa nokuqothulwa ngokuphelele ngokungemthetho. Emazweni amaningi, inhlawulo enkulu ekhokhwa izingwejeje. Kodwa naphezu kwazo zonke unswinyo futhi enqabela, izingwejeje kukhona izisulu ezilula nabazingeli abangekho emthethweni, ekubhubhiseni ngenxa noboya enhle.

Yini squirrel flying badle?

Photo: Squirrel Flying Squirrel Red Incwadi

Ukudla kwesilwane kuncike ngqo endaweni yawo engokwemvelo. Ukudla eziyinhloko isihlahla efihlekile, amagxolo abasha, izinaliti, imbewu coniferous noma Izigaxa, lapho isilwane kubeka zigciniwe. Ehlathini lezihlahla, squirrel ukhiqiza amajikijolo noma amakhowe. Ngo AmaConifers, Izigaxa, amantongomane, izinaliti asetshenziselwa ukudla.

Ngezinye izikhathi uma zingene imfuyo ukweba amaqanda inyoni futhi amaphuphu ngisho nje achanyuselwa, okuyizinto uswidi izingwejeje. Ngenkathi Ebusika, izilwane musa ukuwela basebusika ephelele, kodwa abapholile, basesimweni emigodini yabo futhi badle amasheya okulungiselelwe ehlobo.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Photo: Flying squirrel ngokwemvelo

izingwejeje Flying ngokuvamile ahole yokuphila asebenzayo zenhlalo, ngokuvamile zikhetha amahlathi noma o-Ashera asondele eduze kwezindawo ezazihlala abantu njengoba endaweni yazo. Namuhla ingatholakala amapaki idolobha noma izikwele, e amangcwaba noma ihlathi emasimini.

Ukuze undize uhambe emoyeni a amamitha ambalwa, i-okhuphukela squirrel ukuze kakhulu phezulu esihlahleni. Lapho endiza, isilwane kabanzi ibhebhetheka imilenze yalo, ukwakha uhlobo "amaphiko". Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuwuqondisa emoyeni, ukushintsha kalula isiqondiso futhi ukuphakama. Umsila eside isetshenziselwa unyathela amabhuleki kanye eqondisa ukuhamba zindiza.

On ipotimende isihlahla, iprotheni ihlala kanyekanye kuzo zonke nemilenze emine sesimweni eqotho, okuyinto kuyivumela bamba izimpiko zalo uvalwe ku amagxolo angawi. abantu Flying ungakwazi ngokushesha ukuthutha kanye namahlamvu emithi, ebavumela ukuwuqondisa kahle abalekele izitha.

amaprotheni alo eziyize ngokuvamile uphahlwe moss zemvelo noma utshani esithambile. Kokunye yokuhlala izilwane ezimbili kungaba ephila kanyekanye. Kodwa ngemva zizalela, insikazi ehlukanisa njalo uhlala eceleni, ngenkuthalo ukhulisa amawundlu alo futhi abavikele ekuhlaseleni nezitha ezingaba yingozi.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Photo: Flying squirrel eRussia

Female izingwejeje ezindizayo simzalele kanye ngonyaka inani 2-4 abayizimpumputhe nabangaboni izingwejeje nqunu. Ukukhulelwa sihlala amasonto 5. Amehlo amawundlu ukuvula emva 2 amaviki. Lomama ubisi yokudla ihlala kuphela ngenyanga. Sonke lesi sikhathi, insikazi njalo eduze abantwana bayo, amalahle nabo kushisa umzimba wakhe.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esingaba yinyanga, le izingwejeje Yeka abancela ubisi lukamama, ukushintsha ukudla okuqinile xaxa. Emva kwezinyanga 2.5, inzalo sekuqalile ngokuphelele ukudla omdala futhi eshiya esidlekeni sazo lwendabuko, kusukela omdala ezimele ukuphila omdala.

Ngo engokwemvelo yemvelo, izingwejeje oluyingozi abangaphila ngendlela evumelana iminyaka 6-7, ekuthunjweni bangakwazi aphila iminyaka engaba ngu-12. Iqiniso liwukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo lezi sidla amagundane amancane kukhona eziningi izitha okuzingela uzama ukujabulela inyamazane ukukhanya kodwa esihlwabusayo.

Ngokuvamile squirrel flying akusho yokucashisa esikhathini ebusika isikhathi, kodwa umsebenzi ngalesi sikhathi ancipha kakhulu, leso silwane ukuwozela, ucobekile, cishe kungahambi ubusuku nemini. Ukuziphatha kwabantu oluyingozi nhlobo ezahlukene kusukela imikhuba ezejwayelekile ihlathi izingwejeje.

Futhi ukwenza izinqolobane ebusika, ukufihla nabo eziyize yabo ukudla ngenkathi ezibandayo. Ehlobo, izilwane ukukhuthalele lokuqoqa ihlathi izitshalo: Izigaxa, amakhowe noma amajikijolo. Izilwane string isivuno ku amagatsha bavale i iphele futhi eminye ekulondolozeni amasheya abo.

Izitha zemvelo flying izingwejeje

Photo: Flying squirrel

Amaphrotheni kukhona mobile kakhulu futhi ezikwazi. Abakwazi ngobuciko kakhulu ukugibela kanye amagatsha emithi, flying kwezinye iziqu at kokuwa eliphezulu. Lokhu kuyisivikelo okuthembekile ngokumelene okuzingela ezilwane ezidla ezinye noma izinyoni. izilwane Little yonke indawo asengozini.

Abantu abahlukumeza abanye Small kungaba ayobazingela kuzo: Martens, ferrets, ochakide. carnivores elikhulu futhi iyingozi - lynxes, coyotes kungaba ukuhlasela. Yabazingeli enezimpiko, izikhova, izinkozi, Falcons, futhi izikhova yingozi kakhulu izingwejeje.

A imaski flying sigcinwa nge umbala ethize ukumaska ​​ukuthi izikhumba kubo ngokumelene isizinda izihlahla futhi kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ziyasibona izitha. Ikhono fly olude futhi inikeza amathuba amahle kakhulu ngoba iqhinga nendawo yokuhlala ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye izilwane.

Lapho ukuhlasela nomzingeli balesi silwane kweso izimpukane kwesinye isihlahla zibalekela ngempumelelo kakhulu lolu songo. Akulula kanjalo ukundiza ahambe inyoni lenkhulukati. Kodwa izingwejeje Ungashintsha indlela yokubalekela gxuma, wayephambanisa ngisho isikhova ngobuqili noma isikhova.

abukhali futhi ukuzwa esijulile avumele ukuhlukunyezwa kwezilwane ukuzulazula kahle ebumnyameni ukubona kusengaphambili noma ukuzwa ngengozi esondelayo.

Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo

Photo: Flying squirrel flight

I squirrel flying ukweleta isidlaliso yayo ikhono layo ukundiza phakathi izihlahla ukuthi bahlukana at amabanga amade uma liya engumakhelwane. Izilwane zihlukaniswa nengqondo abukhali, sociability, ukudlala Lwezinhlelo ze-non-ebulalayo.

sidla amagundane amancane ngokushesha ukujwayela enkosini yabo, kukhona linesizotha nokushiya. Ngakho-ke, namuhla banikele athandwa kakhulu njengezilwane ezifuyiwe. Abakwazi ngokuvamile atholakala abavamile ezindlini idolobha nasemakhaya abo.

Sebebonke ezindizayo squirrel zinhlobo lincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke abazingela lesi silwane esiyingqayizivele kukhawulwe. noboya Isilwane esincelisayo akuyona ezibalulekile. Nge ukukhanga kwangaphandle isikhumba, izikhumba mancane kakhulu futhi ayikwazi kahle enzelwe esizayo.

Ngo yezinyoni Friend, izilwane ukumila kanzima kakhulu, ngoba badinga isikhala esikhulu ukuze ukweqa. Lapho isilwane ovunyelwe travel kulo lonke efulethini, uzizwa kangcono kakhulu nangenjabulo izimpukane kusukela ekamelweni kuya esifubeni zangaphansi, ukudlala ngenkuthalo nezingane noma ezinye ezifuywayo.

Flying Squirrel Ukuvikelwa

Photo: Red squirrel squirrel flying

Ubiquitous ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kubathinta kabi ekukhuleni emhlabeni wonke amaprotheni labantu, eRussia noma amazwe CIS. Njengoba isibalo izingwejeje ezindizayo namuhla ancipha kakhulu kulo lonke elaseRussia, isilwane ezisohlwini Incwadi Olubomvu kungaphansi lokuvikelwa. Kodwa ukuncipha izinombolo akuyona ezibucayi, ngakho abakwazi ukhathazeke ukunyamalala ngokuphelele kwezinhlobo kusukela ebusweni bomhlaba.

cute izilwane Tiny big-wambheka labo abazokwazi lomzwelo olujulile inkosi yabo. Ziyakwazi nzima kakhulu ukubekezelela isizungu inattention. Kungcono ukuthatha izinsana kuze engu-izinyanga 2 lula lithathelwe isilwane nezimo ezintsha. Kunconywa ukuba okuphakelayo ezifuywayo ngezandla, esiza ngixhumane friendly emkhatsini webantfu netilwane.

Izingwejeje yizilwane ebusuku, kodwa basekuthunjweni bona kalula uhlele biorhythms kwabo umbuso nsuku zonke zokuphila komuntu. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba abantu babe siqu izindlu zabo ehlukile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ngabo ukuhlomisa esitsheni ekhethekile noma yezinyoni ezinkulu, lapho kufanele khona iqhuzu uhala noma uboya. Isekelwe ngaphakathi ethokomele noboya mink, isilwane ngeke uzizwe uphephile futhi ulala ngokwanele.

In ekuthunjweni, wena kudingeka sizondle isilwane nge feed ekhethekile, equkethe izibungu, izibungu noma izinambuzane. Ungasebenzisa ukudla okusemathinini abavamile cat lokondla amaprotheni. Kubalulekile ukunikeza isilwane kancane fresh juice, uju noma nezithelo nsuku zonke. Amanzi in a izidingo ukuphuza isitsha ishintshwe nsuku zonke. Qiniseka ukuthi babeka amaprotheni crystal usawoti kudingeka ubuyise ibhalansi usawoti. Ungakwazi ukwengeza abavamile cottage shizi noma yogurt ezingenashukela izilwane.

Njengoba izingwejeje ezindizayo zidinga eziningi yesikhala samahhala ukweqa nsuku zonke, kudingeka uzinike ithuba sizungeze indlu. Njengoba zafinyelela emhlabeni amakhabethe kanye amashalofu, isilwane ngeke ngingene endlini yayo ukuze uphumule futhi yokudla.

Funny futhi amnandi squirrel flying ayimkhangi bayanda abalimi nenithanda angavamile. Uma ukuthenga squirrel, omunye kumelwe ukhumbule ukuthi emva lithathelwe endlini yomuntu, e engokwemvelo yemvelo, ngeke usakwazi ukuphila. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka ukuba uzoba qotho hhayi ukuvumela isilwane out eya emgwaqweni, ukuyishiya ukuba isihe nokufa ezithile.

Flying squirrel

Flying squirrel noma flying squirrel kuyinto igundane elincane obujwayelekile ongoweGceke Squirrel umndeni isigaba Ezincelisayo Zasolwandle. Namuhla, le igundane uwukuphela ummeleli kulo mndeni abahlala ensimini yethu.

Indlela yokuphila

I squirrel flying kubonisa umsebenzi wayo phakathi nawo wonke unyaka, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, uncamela ahole indlela yokuphila ebusuku noma kusihlwa. Abesifazane abahlala bematasa ukusuthisa nenzalo yazo ngenkuthalo liziphathe emini. Njengomthetho, lezi zilwane zichitha isikhathi sabo esiningi zifuna ukudla. Ukuze uhlele isidleke ngokwayo, squirrel flying isebenzisa agcwalise izihlahla ubudala kodwa enamandla, kanye izidleke lama izingwejeje abavamile futhi lesiqophamithi izidleke. Empeleni, lesi silwane kunalokho ngokucophelela ukukhetha indawo isidleke, ngakho-ke akuveli akha izidleke kuphi. Kukhona amacala lapho esidlekeni isilwane itholakala emifantwini yamadwala, kanye eseduze izindlu yomuntu, enakile noma birdhouses.

isidleke I squirrel flying sika has simise oyindilinga, kanti i-ukwakhiwa yayo isilwane isebenzisa ulele esithambile futhi moss, kuhlanganise namakhambi ahlukahlukene ezomile. Izingwejeje bangaphila ngababili izidleke, ngoba lezi ezincelisayo abasakwazi kwezenhlalo futhi ungabonisi ubudlova maqondana nomunye. Isikhathi kuphela esifazane phathelana nolaka kulapho enendawo inzalo. izingwejeje Flying akudingeki izindawo yokudla ngabanye kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo mammalian, nakuba ngaso sonke isikhathi travel ku imizila efanayo yokudla.

Kuvele isikhashana ezithakazelisayo! Ukuba khona izingwejeje ezindizayo kungenziwa kunqunywa izinqwaba engavamile udoti, okusikhumbuza amaqanda intuthwane, kodwa abe luhlaza elikhanyayo aphuzi.

Thanda izingwejeje abavamile, izingwejeje ezindizayo zichitha cishe impilo yabo yonke ezihlahleni bese uzama ukuhlala emhlabathini ingenasisekelo anendingeko enkulu. Ulwelwesi, okuyinto itholakala ephakathi phambi nasemilenzeni indluzelekazi, udlala indima parachute, ngakho isilwane kalula uhamba kwesinye isihlahla siye kwesinye, esehlanganise ibanga kwamamitha ezingaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu ngesikhathi esisodwa, kuyilapho ezinye izinhlobo zawo bayakwazi ikhava ibanga engaphezu kwekhulu amamitha. Ukuze afeze kuzuba eside kangaka, isilwane okhuphukela e-phezulu esihlahleni. Ukundiza Kwenziwa ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi squirrel kabanzi ubeka imilenze angaphambili, futhi imilenze indluzelekazi ngalesi sikhathi kuthiwa sicindezelwe kuya umsila. Squirrel ukushintsha kalula isiqondiso indiza kuze kube-90 degrees. Umsila luphinde iqhaza kule nqubo, kanye inqubo unyathela amabhuleki.

Inqubo lokutshala esihlahleni kuba ngempela ezithakazelisayo, kusukela isilwane kuthatha isikhundla oqotho, ukunamathela isiqu esihlahleni nazo zonke ezinyathela ngezidladla. Ngemva kokwehla, lo squirrel ngokushesha ihamba ngemuva esihlahleni ukuze singathwesi kudonse izitha ahlukahlukene zemvelo.

Flying squirrel, efana nezinye izinhlobo zezithelo izingwejeje, ihamba kunalokho ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha kule imiqhele izihlahla, ukweqa yigatsha ukuba igatsha. Ngakho-ke, ukuqaphela lokhu isilwane esincane phakathi amagatsha emithi kunzima ngempela. Isilwane Ubuye Umbala eyingqayizivele, okuyinto kusiza impahla ukuthi kufihlwe uqobo ngokumelene isizinda izihlahla. Lapho kuqala ukuhwalala, ehlathini ungezwa izwi squirrel flying, okuyinto ufana into efana zitshiyoze, hhayi inomsindo kakhulu.

Bangaki ezindizayo squirrel bukhoma

Ngenxa izinsalela ezitholakele, kwakunokwenzeka ukunquma ukuthi izingwejeje ezindizayo wahlala esikhathini Miocene. Owakhiwe endle, sempilo isilinganiso lesi silwane imayelana iminyaka 6. Ukuba ekuthunjweni, lapho isilwane inikezwa ngokunakekela nokondliwa ezinhle, flying squirrel angaphila isikhathi eside izikhathi 2.

Habitat

Ivelaphi izingwejeje baphile? Ungathola ezihlekisayo izimpukane ihlobo engxenyeni enkulu endaweni Russian Federation, kanye emahlathini aseNyakatho Melika naseYurophu. Izilwane uncamela olumanzi birch amahlathi, kanye Alder amahlathi.

Njengoba incazelo izingwejeje ezindizayo ibonisa ukuthi izilwane Ungahlela, ezinza phezu kwezihlahla. Lokhu kubenza bakwazi ngokukhululekile ukusebenzisa amakhono abo zendiza, futhi enokwethenjelwa uwuvikela lihlaselwa eziyingozi.

izingwejeje Flying bahlala emigodini engokwemvelo izihlahla noma inyoni izidleke.

Okunye okwenza ama-squirrels ezindizayo akhethe le ndawo yokuhlala umbala wawo onsundu. Isebenza njengesifihlakalo semvelo, ihlangana nexolo lezihlahla.

Ukundiza ama-squirrels

Ama-squirrels ezindizayo angamalungu omndeni we-squirrel, ngokulandelana kwamagundane. Isikhathi eside, ososayensi bebengehlukanisi izilwane zibe yiqembu elihlukile, kepha izici ezihlukile ekwakhekeni komzimba kanye nezimpawu zendlela yokuphila zenze ukuthi kukhonjwe izinduku kokuzitholela kwabo ngokwemvelo.

Inguhlobo lwezinhlobo zama-squirrel ezingama-36. Yinhlobo eyodwa kuphela ehlala eRussia. Lesi yisigcawu esijwayelekile sokundiza. Uyilungu leqembu le-Euro. Kuleli qembu kusekhona owaseJapan squirrel, obizwa nge- momonga. Yiziphi izici squirrel ejwayelekile ezindizayo? Uhlala kuphi? Unomdla kanjani?

Bheka incazelo

Wonke ama-squirrel squir anesici esisodwa esihlukile. Zincane ngosayizi, ngaphandle kwezilwane ezinkulu. Zinekhanda elincane, izindlebe zesikhwanyana esincane, amehlo amnyama amnyama nolwelwesi lwesikhumba phakathi kwezingalo zangaphambili nezangasemuva.

Ngenxa yalolu membrane, amaprotheni angenza ukugxuma isikhathi eside kweparachuing.

Kuma-squirrels ajwayelekile, ukugxuma kumboza ibanga elingamamitha angama-90. Ku-subspecies enkulu, ubude be-jumper bungaphezu kwe-120 m, yingakho lesilwane sathola igama elithi "squirrel".

Ebuka isilo, kubonakala sengathi uyandiza, uyahlela. Ulwelwesi luvumela izilwane ukuba zishintshe indlela eya emoyeni. Leli khono livame ukusindisa izinduku ezincane zempilo.

Ohlangothini lwalesi squirrel kuyithambo elide, lapho okunamathiselwe khona ulwelwesi. Emilenzeni asemuva, kufakwa isibaya sesikhumba engxenyeni engezansi yomlenze ophansi. Lapho indiza, i-squirrel endizayo isakaza imingaphambili yayo, ithambo liyela eceleni.

Lokhu kwandisa indawo yesibaya sesikhumba. Ivumela isilwane ukuba sehle kancane, singaweli phansi ngetshe. Incazelo yokubukeka:

• ubude bomzimba wengqwele ejwayelekile ezindizayo busuka ku-12 kuye ku-22 cm, lumbozwe ngoboya, ikakhulukazi ubusika obukhulu ebusika ezilwaneni ezitholakala eSiberia, kuze kube muva nje bezithengisa, manje zibhalwe kwiBhuku elibomvu,
• ubude bomsila buyingxenye yomzimba, izinwele ezikuyo zinde, kepha kungathi zifakwe phakathi nendawo kuya ezinhlangothini, kulokhu umsila ubukeka uthambile, udlala indima yokuqhekeka,
• isisindo esijwayelekile sesilwane singu-170 g,
• Amehlo ezilwane abukeka, ayindilinga, ama-squirrel ezindizayo abonakala kahle ebumnyameni,
• ikhanda lincane, liphakeme kancane, nezindlebe ezingenamashi, zindilinga emaphethelweni,
• imilenze imfushane, imilenze yangemuva yinde kunangaphambili, emilenzeni kukhona unzipho oluyindilinga oluyindilinga, ngosizo lwalo squirrel luhamba phakathi kwezihlahla, izindlawu zisiza isilwane ukuthi sihlale esiqwini ngesikhathi sokuphapha kwendiza.

Umbala woboya kubantu bezinhlobo ezijwayelekile ungaba yizinhlobo ezi-2. Ehlobo, uboya abunawona amnyama, umbala onsundu noma ompunga omnyama. Ekwindla, izilwane ziyabola. Uboya buba mkhulu, i-hue ishintshe ibe yisiliva.

Umsoco

Okudla ama-squirrels kungumbuzo othokozisayo, ngoba imenyu yabo incike ngokuphelele endaweni abahlala kuyo.

Kodwa-ke, ukudla okuyinhloko kwezilwane ngamaqabunga amancane ezihlahleni, kwezinye izikhathi, amagxolo esihlahla abancane. Kungenzeka futhi ukudla izinaliti ezincane, imbewu yeConifers.

Ngabe udlani squirrel ehlathini? Amakhowe namajikijolo, uma etholakala ehlathini, angezwe kwimikhiqizo yokudla ye-squirrel ebibhalwe ngaphambili.

Kodwa-ke, kulokhu kudla kunesitsha esibaluleke kakhulu, esingadliwe yiprotheni kuphela, kodwa futhi nokugcina. Amacici e-Alder kanye ne-birch aba yintengo enjalo.

Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi kwezinye izikhathi, squirrel ezindizayo ingabhubhisa izidleke zezinyoni ngokudla amachwane namaqanda.

Kuyaqapheleka futhi ukuthi ebusika kunzima kakhulu ukuhlangana ne-squirrel ejwayelekile ezindizayo, ngoba umsebenzi wabo wehla kakhulu, futhi obekugcinwa ehlobo kuba ukudla kubona. Lokhu kudla kwesinye isikhathi kuyenezelwa ngenyama, abazingeli ababeka kuyo ngeheji.

Ukuzala

Ukutadisha ukukhiqizwa kwalezi zilwane bekungakabi kuhle kakhulu. Okwamanje, kuyaziwa ukuthi ama-squirrel ama-squirrel ezindizayo abopha ama-squirrels kanye ngonyaka. Imvamisa, i-brood isukela kuma-squirrel amabili kuya kwane.

Ukukhulelwa kuthatha amasonto ama-5 kuphela. I-brood ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili. Owokuqala uvela ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, owesibili - ngoJuni-Julayi. Izizukulwane ezizalwa zinqunu futhi zingaboni. Amehlo ezinganeni zivulwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-15 zeminyaka.

Izingane zishiya isidleke okokuqala kuphela emva kwezinsuku ezingama-36-41. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-43-45 zeminyaka, abantu abasha baqala ukwenza gxuma lokuqala, kuthi emva kwezinsuku ezingama-50, izingane zifinyelele ebudaleni bese ziqala ukuzinakekela.

Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zilwane sisukela eminyakeni engu-9 kuye kwayi-13 esitokisini (ekudingisweni) size sifike eminyakeni emi-5 endle. Umehluko onjalo ngokugcina isikhathi ulele eqinisweni lokuthi izisulu eziningi zizingela ama-squirrel ezindizayo.

Amandla Nokuvikeleka

Inani lalezi zilwane lincane impela, yingakho kunqatshelwe ukuzingela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lwezilwane luqashwa kakhulu, njengoba kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi lo squirrel ondizayo ubhalwe ku-Red Book. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uboya bezilwane bukhulu futhi buthambile, bunenani elincane, ngoba bhujiswa kalula.

Isikwati esindizayo saseJapan, ngokwesibonelo, sibhalwe naseBhukwini elibomvu ngenxa yokuthi alikwazi ukusinda ebusika obunesihluku.

Kepha squirrel endizayo yaseSiberia ayiwele ekubandakanyeni, kepha ihlukaniswa yisiqiniso sokuthi ingalala izinsuku eziningana zilandelana ngenkathi ebandayo.

Amaqiniso Ahehayo

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo nge-squirrel ezindizayo:

1. Ibanga le-squirrel lingaba ngamamitha angama-50. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi benze ucwaningo, futhi ibanga elikhulu kakhulu lendiza lalingamamitha angama-90.
2. Umehluko phakathi kwe-squirrel ejwayelekile ne-squirrel endizayo ukuthi lapho kutholakala i-nati, ejwayelekile iyaphula ukuze ithole ukhula lwenadi, kodwa squirrel ezindizayo yenza umgodi.

Bahlala kuphi?

Amaningi asetshenziselwa iqiniso lokuthi ama-squirrels ahlala emahlathini e-coniferous, futhi adla ngembewu yama-conifers. Ama-squirrel ezindizayo athanda amahlathi axutshwe noma aqobayo. Bakhetha izindawo lapho ikhula khona i-birch, alder, aspen.

Ama-squirrel ezindizayo ahlala emigodini nasezidlekeni ezindala. Kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala izindlu zezinyoni, ezifakwe esigungwini noma epaki. Izilwane zimboza izidleke zazo ngotshani obomile nangotshani obomile:

• Indawo yokuhlala kwama-squirrels ibanzi impela. Uhlala eScandinavia, emahlathini ase-East Germany,
• izilwane zitholakala esifundeni sase-Amur, eChina, enhlonhlo yaseKorea,
• ama-squirrels anamagatsha aqukethe amanzi eduze nemifula i-Oka, Kolomna,
• ingakhuphukela ezintabeni, lapho icasha khona emifantwini yamatshe. Lezi zilwane zitholwe e-Altai, esifundeni sezintaba saseMongolia,
• esifundeni se-steppe-steppe, ama-squirrels ezindizayo ajwayelekile esifundeni saseVolga, ukusuka eKazan kuye eNizhny Novgorod,
• izilwane zivamile esifundeni saseSmolensk ziye eBelarus.

Mayelana nama-squirrels ezindizayo, amaqiniso amaningi atholakalayo aqoqwe. Ngenkathi yengozi, asheshe akhuphukele esiqongweni somuthi ukuze agxume isikhathi eside. Izilwane ziyakwazi ukulandela umuntu.

Bahamba emva kwakhe besuka esihlahleni besiya esihlahleni, abamvumeli ukuba angabonakali. Lapho umuntu esuka kude nebanga lesidleke, izilwane zibuyele endaweni yazo evamile.

Ama-squirrels adla ngembewu yesihlahla, amakati. Izilwane zibagcinela ubusika. Izilwane zondla ngamagxolo noma amagxolo asemasha e-aspen ne-alder. Ehlobo nasekwindla, badla amakhowe namajikijolo, kepha ungenzi amasheya awo. Abantu bayazi ukuthi zibola ngokushesha.

Ukwelapha izilwane ngamaqanda. Ama-squirrel ezindizayo ngokuvamile abhubhisa izidleke zezinyoni. Ngenkathi yehlobo, bangadla izinambuzane ezisezihlahleni ezingaphansi kwamagxolo.

Incazelo yeRentent

Ama-squirrel ezindizayo ahlukile kuma-squirrels anamehlo amakhulu, ukuba khona kolwelwesi lwesikhumba phakathi kwemilenze yangaphambili neyangemuva. Le webled enoboya ibalulekile eku skydiving. Ithambo le-crescent noma i-cartilage lisuka esihlakaleni, elisekela onqenqemeni lwangaphandle lwangaphandle futhi lukhulisa indawo yalo ngesikhathi sokuxinana. Ngenkathi ugxuma, ulwelwesi lulele emathangeni alo. Izinwele zomsila omfushane zihlukaniswe izinhlangothi ezimbili kanti umsila ubukeka uthambile, uqinisa ukunyakaza emoyeni. Ibanga lokundiza lincike ohlotsheni lwe-squirrel endizayo kanye ne-terrain, futhi luyahlukahluka kusuka ku-15-30 m kuma-squirrel amancane emahlathini acwebile kuya ku-100-120 m kuma-squirrel amakhulu.

Izici Zokundiza Zokundiza

Ama-squirrels ezindizayo adla kakhulu emithini yezinhlobo zezihlahla eziwohlokayo, amathiphu wokudubula, izinaliti ezisencane, nembewu ye-conifers (uphayini, i-larch); ehlobo, afaka amakhowe namajikijolo ekudleni kwawo. Bangakwazi nokugaya amagxolo amasha we-willow, i-aspen, i-birch, i-maple. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-squirrels ezindizayo i-alder kanye ne-birch catkins, isilwane esigcina ubusika, emigodini.

Kwesinye isikhathi idla amachwane namaqanda ezinyoni. Ngokuvamile, ukondliwa kwama-squirrels andiza kuncike endaweni yezinhlobo. Ngakho-ke, enyakatho-mpumalanga yebanga ebusika, isikwati esidlayo sidla kuphela ama-larch buds.

Esikhathini esibandayo, ama-squirrels ezindizayo awasebenzi kakhulu. Azizifihli, kepha ngezinsuku eziqandayo zihlala esidlekeni, zidle ukudla kwazo.

Bangaki abahlala?

Emvelweni, amaprotheni awekho ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-5. Naphezu kwendlela yokuphila yobusuku, banezitha eziningi. Okusemqoka izikhova kanye nama-martens. Kwesinye isikhathi isable isebenzisa yona. Izikhova zihlasela izinduku lapho zindiza. Ukuze bazisindise enyokheni yezinyamazane, ama-squirrel ezindizayo enza ujika emoyeni.

Ngeshwa, akwenzeki njalo ukuthi ama-squirrels aphunyuke kwizinyangi. Ama-Martens nezinkemba angakhuphuka ezidlekeni ziye ezilwaneni ukuthola ama-squirrels.

Ekhaya, ama-squirrels endlela evamile awatholakali. Zidinga ukuvalelwa okuvulekile. Banesidingo sokuxhuma, ukwenza izindiza ezinde, kepha zitholakala kuma-zoo.

Ekuthunjweni, isikhathi sokuphila kwabo yiminyaka engu-13-16, kepha kunzima ukubakha izimo ezintofontofo.

I-squirrel flying squirrel akufanele ihlanganiswe nama-squirrel ezindizayo marsupial. Ngokwemvelo, bakha owabo umndeni. Kufaka phakathi ama-squadrels, ama-posum, ama-squirrel ezindizayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zigcinwa ekhaya. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ushukela wepum, squirrel kanye ne-mzala omncane onemizila.

Ama-squirrels ajwayelekile akusebenzi ehlobo kuphela, kodwa futhi nangesikhathi sokubanda. Abaweli ekubandakanyeni, kepha bangalala isikhathi esingafika ezinsukwini ezi-2. Bangakwazi ukuya emhlabeni kuphela ngenkathi efudumele ukuze bazitholele ukudla kwabo. Ochwepheshe bathi iminonjana yama-squirrel ezindizayo iyafana nokutholakala kwama-squirrel amahlathi ajwayelekile.

Izilwane ziyavumelana nezimo. Abazwani nolaka, kepha banamahloni kakhulu. Kuyivelakancane ukubondla ngezandla zakho. Ukudana kungakhonjiswa ngabesifazane abanezinsana. Bangakwazi ukushaya ikhwela, ukuphefumula, kukhombisa okokufaka kwabo okukhulu.

Phakathi kwazo izilwane ziyaxhumana ngemisindo. Uma i-squirrel iqhuma, kusho ukuthi isesimweni esihle.

Abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo ezixakile bathi bashesha ukujwayela ezandleni zabo. Ukulungiswa ekhaya, ngokushesha bathola umbhangqwana, ubungqingili noma ubulili obufanayo. Izilwane zidinga ukuxhumana nabafowethu. Umnikazi angangena esikhundleni sakhe.

Uwedwa, ama-squirrels angakhulisa ukudana. Amaprotheni enziwe awenzi ngokushesha. Kufanele aqale ajwayele umnikazi. Amnikeza ukudla ngokuqapha. Angabamba isandla ngezinsimbi zakhe ezinamandla.

Flying Spread

Ama-squirrel ezindizayo ahlala emahlathini aqobayo futhi axubile ne-aspen, i-birch kanye ne-alder. Engxenyeni yaseYurophu yeRussia zigcinwa eduze nezixhaphozi nemifula. Akuvamile ukuba zihlale emahlathini acwengile, kuphela ezindaweni lapho kukhula khona izihlahla eziqinile. ESiberia bahlala ezihlahleni ezinde ze-larch, emahlathini nasehlathini le-birch. Ama-squirrels endizayo nawo aphezulu ezintabeni, emahlathini ezintaba.

I-rock flying squirrel (i-Eupetaurus cinereus)

Ubude bomzimba obungu-50-60 cm, umsila obude obungamasentimitha angama-38-48, ulwelwesi lwesikhumba phakathi kwemilenze lumbozwe ngoboya. Umsila u-fluffy, uboya emzimbeni bukhulu. Umhlane upendiwe ngombala onsomi-grey, isisu simpunga. Uboya emphinjeni nasezindlebeni kumhlophe okrimu, omnyama ezinyaweni. Izikhafu ziyizimungulu.

Ihlala enyakatho ye-Himalayas, enyakatho nePakistan naseTibet, ezindaweni ezinamadwala eziphakeme ngamamitha angama-2400 kuya kwangama-800800 ngaphezu kolwandle. Uhlobo olunqabile kakhulu olusengozini yokuqothulwa futhi luncishiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuqothulwa kwamahlathi. Isamba sonke sisebangeni sisuka ku-1000 siye kuma-3000 abantu.

I-squirrel enemibala emibili endizayo (Hylopetes alboniger)

Ubude bomzimba bungu-18-25 cm, umsila usuka ku-17 uye ku-23 cm. Isisindo sisuka ku-200 siye kuma-270 g. Umhlane womzimba ubomvu ngombala obomvu, izinhlangothi, imilenze kanye nesitokisi kungumpunga omnyama nomnyama. Isisu sikhilimu, umphimbo umhlophe, izihlathi zingwevu.

Kunokubukwa eningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, eNepal, eBhutan, eNdiya naseBangladesh, China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, eCambodia naseVietnam. Bahlala ezindaweni eziphakeme ngamamitha ayi-1500 kuya ku-3400 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle, eHimalaya - kuze kufike ku-4000 m.

I-squirrel enkulu enkulu yaseNdiya (uPetaurista philippensis)

Ubude bomzimba bufika ku-43 cm, umsila emadodeni ungafika kuma-50 cm, kwabesifazane kuze kufike ku-52 cm, isisindo sabadala silingana ne-1,65 kg. Uboya bunombala onsundu omnyama noma omnyama, ekhaleni lipinki.

Kutholakala eChina, eNdiya, e-Indonesia, eMyanmar, eVietnam naseThailand, eSri Lanka naseTaiwan, lapho kuhlala khona izindawo eziphakeme ukusuka ku-100 kuya ku-2500 m ngaphezu kolwandle.

Ukuziphatha kwendiza

Ama-squirrels ezindizayo yizilwane ezi-arboreal ezingafiki phansi emhlabathini, izinhlobo ezithile kuphela ezihlala emithambekeni yama-gorges asezintabeni. Ama-squirrel ezindizayo ahlala phezulu emiqhele yemithi, lapho endiza esuka esihlahleni iye kwesinye. Ekuthunjweni, isikhathi sokuphila siyiminyaka eyi-10-15, ku-vivo sifinyelela eminyakeni emi-5 kuphela.

Isikhathi somsebenzi siwela ebusuku. I-squirrel ezindizayo ichitha isikhathi sayo esiningi ifuna ukudla. Lesi sidleke sakhiwa endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha amathathu kuya kwayishumi nambili, emigodini yezihlahla, emifantwini yamatshe noma kusetshenziswa izidleke zezinyoni ezilahliwe. Ingahlala eduze komuntu ezindlini zezinyoni. Isidleke se-squirrel esindizayo sakhiwe ngotshani oluthambile, umhlwa, utshani obomile.

Ama-squirrels ezindizayo ayizilwane zenhlalo ezingenalo nolaka, azinazo izingosi ezihlukile, zivame ukuhlala ngababili ezidlekeni. Aggressiveness iboniswa kuphela abesifazane ngesikhathi sokudla inzalo.