Kunzima ukucabanga ngomndeni wanamuhla ngaphandle kokuzala izinkukhu. Ukukhetha kahle izinkukhu ngokuzalanisa nokugcina izinkukhu kungumthombo wamaqanda anempilo nenyama enambitha.
Wonke umlimi noma umfuyi wemfuyo uyazi ukuthi ngenani lamaprotheni akhiqizwa ngonyaka, izinkukhu zidlula ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Njengamanje, ukufuya inkukhu kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- Ukufuya izinkukhu ngamaqanda
- Ukufuya inkukhu yenyama
- Isiqondisi esixubekile
Naphezu kwenyama yenkukhu edliwayo, umkhiqizo oyinhloko okhiqizwe yinkukhu, yiqiniso, amaqanda. Esikhathini sokuphila konke, inkukhu iyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-700 ngesilinganiso sokuphila esilinganiselwe seminyaka emithathu.
Izici nokuqukethwe kwezendlalelo
Lapho zizalanisa ebeka izinkukhu Ukunakwa okwanele kufanele kukhokhwe egumbini lapho inkukhu izohlala khona. Imvamisa izinkukhu zinezikhuhlana ezijwayelekile ezilwaneni, kepha igumbi elehlukile kwendawo yenkukhu kuzoba yisisombululo esinengqondo ngokwengeziwe.
Ekhaya, njengasepulazini, izinkukhu zizizwa zikhulu emakamelweni abanzi, aqhakazile futhi afudumele. Inani elanele lokukhanya kwelanga kufanele lingene kwi-coop yenkukhu, futhi izibani zokufakelwa kufanele zihlelelwe ukunweba amahora okukhanya kwemini uma kunesidingo.
Isitezi esisegumbini kufanele some, kungabi nalu ukhonkolo;; sawdust eyomile ilungile njengodoti. Ngoba izidleke to hens indawo ethule nenqwaba yotshani kufanelekile, khona-ke inkukhu izozihlela ngokwakhe.
Njengoba unikezwe ukuthi izinkukhu zithanda ukugqekeza emhlabathini, akufanele uvumele izinkukhu ukuthi zingene ezingadini, emagumbini okugcina izithombo nezindawo zokugcina izithombo.
Okwamanje kwahlukanisa amakhulu izinhloboizinkukhu. Iqanda libeka izikhukhukazi thwala unyaka wonke, ngakho-ke lapho ukhetha uhlobo lokuzalela ekhaya, kudingeka unake isimo sezulu esenzeka esifundeni lapho kuzalaniswa khona.
Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu namuhla ngama-leggorn, ama-orlovskaya, ama-leggorn amhlophe, ansundu aphukile nabanye. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kulezi zinkukhu kudlula amaqanda angama-200 ngonyaka, kuthi okokugcina kudlule kuma-300.
Imvelo nendlela yokuphila yokubeka izinkukhu
Empilweni yonke ukubeka izinkukhu yokuphila akuhlukile kakhulu. Izinyoni zisebenza kakhulu ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Ukudla okulungile, amahora olinganiselayo emini, ukunakekelwa okufika ngesikhathi - konke lokhu kuyisihluthulelo ekunakekelweni okunempilo kokubekwa kwezikhukhukazi.
Ehlobo ezifuywayo ezibekele izinkukhu bazizwa bekhululekile bobabili emgaqweni nasenkulumeni yenkukhu noma esitebeleni esijwayelekile, lapho bakhelwe khona indawo yokulala ubusuku.
Ebusika, ukubeka izinkukhu kufanele kuhamba emoyeni omusha, uma izinga lokushisa lomoya likuvumela. I-Hypothermia yomzimba ingadala ukwehla komzimba, ukubanda futhi, esimweni esibi kakhulu, ukufa. Indlela yokuphila yezinyoni ebusika yehlukile ngandlela thile nokuziphatha kwehlobo.
Kumakhaza amakhulu, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlelele ukufudumeza kwephiko lenkukhu, ngoba izinguquko zokushisa ezisheshayo zinomthelela omubi enanini lamaqanda angabekwa inkukhu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungafaka i-cooler kawoyela ku-coop yenkukhu bese uyikhanyisela amandla okungenani. Njengoba kunesimo sezulu esibandayo isikhathi eside, kufanelekile ukucabanga ngokushisa okungathí sina, njengokushisa kwesitofu.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi indlela yokuphila kwezkukhu kanye nokuziphatha kwazo kukhombisa isimo senkukhu. Inkukhu enempilo iyasebenza, ifuna ukudla usuku lonke futhi ingathwalwa nsuku zonke ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila.
Ukuziphatha kwenyoni kungukuqala kokuvuka kokuhlola impilo yenkukhu. Phakathi kwezimpawu zokuqala zesifo senkukhu ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile, ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla, amehlo avale isigamu, njll.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngesikhathi esifanele kwenyoni enesifo kungavimba ukutheleleka kwabantu abasele, futhi kutholakale nesikhathi sokwelashwa kwalowo onegciwane.
Yondla izinkukhu
Ukondla izinkukhu yilokhu okunquma ikhwalithi yempilo yesikhukhukazi esibekwa, inyama etholwe ekugcineni, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ikhwalithi yamaqanda etholakele. Ukondla Inkukhu kufanele ilinganiswe, ngokuqukethwe okwanele kwamavithamini namaminerali.
Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi akukho ukudla okulungele ngokuphelele ukondla izinkukhu. Kubandakanya isinkwa esinsundu kanye nama-crackers asuka kuso, abangela ukwanda kwe-acidity yesisu, amakhekhe amnandi ngezizathu ezifanayo, ukudla okunamafutha njengososeji, umhluzi onamafutha, njll., Ubisi noshizi okungagaywanga ekufakweni kwezikhukhukazi futhi kungadala dysbiosis.
Ungaziniki inkukhu isinkwa esibunjiweyo kanye namakhekhe angcolisiwe, ihlumela namazambane aluhlaza. Konke lokhu kudala ubuthi nemiphumela engathandeki.
Ehlobo, izinkukhu ezibekelwa ekhaya ziyakwazi ukuzimela zizitholele ukudla okusha ngenkathi zihamba ezindaweni ezivulekile, kufaka notshani obuluhlaza, abuntulayo ebusika. Ebusika kumele inikezwe ebeka izinkukhu inani elanele lamavithamini angangena esikhundleni sokudla okusha kwehlobo.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Izikebhe ezivamile zokubeka bakhonze njengabakhiqizi beqanda, kodwa hhayi inzalo. Izithombo ezivela ekubekeni izinkukhu lapho zizalela ekhaya zingatholakala kusetshenziswa kuphela isilondolozi esikhethekile.
Ukuzalelwa kwezinkukhu ku-incubator kuhlukaniswe ngombandela ngezigaba ezi-3. Izinga lokushisa elihle kakhulu kwelokuqala libhekwa njenge-38 ° C kumswakama womoya ongu-58-60%. Isigaba esilandelayo sizoba nokushisa okuphelele okungu-37.6 ° C kumswakama ongama-55%, kuthi okokugcina - 37-38 ° C kanye nomswakama womoya ongama-70%.
Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi isishushubezi kufanele sivele singene umoya omncane. Amagciwane adinga umoya omusha ukuze ukhule kahle. Okuqukethwe okuhle kuzoba okuqukethwe i-oksijini okungama-21%, isikhutha emhlabeni - hhayi ngaphezu kwe-0.12%.
Kanye ngehora, ama-pallets anamaqanda kufanele ajikelezwe abe ngu-45 ° ukuze umbungu unganamatheli endaweni eyodwa yegobolondo. Inkukhu ikhula ngokugcwele emavikini amathathu.
Ngeshwa, akuyona yonke inkukhu ebanjiwe elungele ukuzuzisa okunye. Izinkukhu ezinesisu esiyindilinga, intambo yesambulela evaliwe kanye nentambo enhle kungokwesigaba sokuqala, okubhekwa njengokuhamba phambili ngokuzalanisa.
Izinhlobo zokuqukethwe
Ezinkukhu, kunezindlela eziningi zokufuya izinkukhu ezihlukile ezimeni zokuboshwa. Lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yezimpawu zokuqondisa okhethiwe kokukhiqiza noma izimo zezulu zesifunda. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuqukethwe zithathwa:
- iseli
- ehamba
- ezisekelweni ezinomhede
- kudoti.
Iselula (ukungahambi)
- akudingeki ukhathazeke ngokuphepha kwemfuyo,
- amaseli kulula ukuwageza nokugeza,
- kungenzeka ukushintshanisa inqubo yokukhipha okuphakelayo namanzi,
- imfuyo yanda kalula
- ithuba lokutheleleka kwezinkukhu liyancishiswa.
Kusebenzisa okuqukethwe izinkukhu zeselula, uzothola ithuba lokunikeza inyoni inani elifanele labaphuza nabazondlayo.
Ukuvinjelwa kokuhamba kwezinkukhu zenyama yenkukhu, kanye nokondla okufanele, kunomthelela ekuzuzeni isisindo esisheshayo. Lokhu okuqukethwe kusetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwama-broiler.
Ukuhamba
- inyoni izizwa imnandi uma ikhululekile,
- ikhwalithi yeqanda nokukhiqizwa kweqanda kuyathuthuka
- ukunciphisa okuphakelayo nezindleko zamandla.
Ezifuyweni ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izinkukhu mancane amathuba okugula futhi zibe nomsebenzi omude wokuzala.
E-mesh (slatted) phansi
Lolu hlobo lokugcina izinkukhu luvumela ukubeka abantu abaningi endaweni enomkhawulo kune-cage version ejwayelekile. Ungagcina izinkukhu ezifika ku-10-12 imitha ngayinye. Lokhu kutholakala ngezindawo zokuzihlanza ezikuvalelwe. Phansi kwekamelo lapho izinkukhu zigcinwa kukhona igridi yensimbi noma igridi yamapulangwe enziwe ngokhuni. Kulokhu, izindimbane eziyimfihlo ziwela ngokukhululekile kumaseli wesakhiwo bese ziwa phansi kokhonkolo noma epallet ekhishwayo. Zombili zingahlanzwa kalula.
Izinto zesitezi eziphakanyisiwe zingaba yimilaba egxiviwe, engagxiliwe futhi engathinteki ekuqhekekeni.
Echitheni ezijulile
Le ndlela yokugcina izinkukhu ibhekwa njengeyokungenangqondo kakhulu, kepha abalimi abaningi bezinkukhu bayayisebenzisa emapulazini abo. Le ndlela yokuqukatha ayidingi ukwakhiwa kwamakheji ezinkukhu. Imfucuza ithululelwa phansi kwendlu, okuyisendlalelo esindayo sotshani, ukugoqwa kwezinkuni noma enye into enezinto ezishisayo eziphansi. Iningi labanikazi bezinkukhu basebenzisa indlela yangaphandle yenkukhu. Ngenxa yezinqubo ze-biochemical, udoti onjalo ungashiswa ufike kuma-35 0 С, okuvumela ukonga imali ekushiseni kagesi kwephokhethi yenkukhu. Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa kabusha udoti ojulile, phansi yodaka kufanele ihlanganiswe ngokucophelela futhi imbozwe ungqimba luk lime ngokususelwa ekubalweni kwe-1 kg ngemitha elilodwa lesikwele. Ubukhulu bedoti kumele okungenani bube ngu-15 cm. Izinhlobo zezinkunkuma zezinkukhu zichaziwe kule ndaba.
Okubi ngale ndlela amaqanda angcolisiwe, ukuthi kungenzeka kwezifo kanye nokusetshenziswa okungahluzeki kwendawo yaphansi. 1 m 2 kungenzeka ukubeka abantu abangadluli kwabahlanu.
Izinhlobo zenyama
Uhlobo lokufuya izinkukhu lithandwa kakhulu emapulazini asekhaya ngenxa yokuthola amathuba amaningi enyama emnandi yokudla. Izinkukhu ezinje azikhathaleli ngokweqile ezimweni zokuboshwa, kepha eminye imithetho kumele ilandelwe. Izinyoni kufanele zigcinwe zihlanzekile, ngakho-ke izingubo zokulala kufanele zishintshwe njalo. Izinhlobo zenyama yenkukhu azidingi ukukhanyiswa okukhanyayo kakhulu. Ekhweni lezinkukhu, iwindi elilodwa elincane lanele. Ukuze uthole isisindo esihle, izinyoni zidinga izinga lokushisa elilungile, okungafanele lidlule + 25 0 C. Izinkukhu zenyama zidinga inani elikhulu lamaprotheni, ngakho-ke udinga ukufaka inyama noma i-fishmeal, kanye ne-cottage shizi ekudleni.
Ama-Broilers
Ekhaya, ama-broilers asebenzisa amakheji noma i-coop yenkukhu enodoti ojulile. Kuma-1 m 2 akumele kube nezinkukhu ezingaphezu kwe-18. Ama-Broilers adinga ukukhanyiswa okujikelezayo kwewashi, umoya omncane kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Esikhathini sokuqala, izinga lokushisa ku-coop yenkukhu lingakhuphuka lifinyelele ku-35 35 C. Lincipha kancane kancane futhi uma kuphela isonto lesine kufanele libe ngu-+20 0 C. Ngokushisa, ungasebenzisa izishisi zasendlini ezinama-thermocouples avaliwe ukuvimbela umlilo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-broilers atholakala kakhulu kulokhu okuqukethwe.
Ama-Brooders
I-broiler yezinkukhu ezingama-broiler yibhokisi noma ibhokisi lapho izinkukhu zikhuliswa khona ezigabeni zokuqala. Idizayini ingathengwa noma yenziwe ngokuzimela. Njengombhalo we-brooder, ungasebenzisa i-fiberboard, i-particleboard, ukhuni noma iplywood. Ngaphakathi kwebhokisi kufanele kube udoti, isitsha sokuphuza, isondli kanye ne-heater.
Ipulasitiki, eyokwakhiwa, ayinconywa, ngoba izinto eziningi zokwenziwa zikhipha izinto ezinobuthi emazingeni okushisa aphakeme.
Izici Zokudla
Kuze kube amasonto amabili eminyaka, izinkukhu zenqaba ukudla ebumnyameni, ngakho-ke indawo yokugcina kufanele ibekwe kahle. Kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezinhlanu kungcono ukondla izinkukhu ngokudla okukhethekile okuhlanganisiwe. Izinkukhu zamasonto onke zifaka ekudleni isigaxa esimanzi samabele, kanye noshizi we-cottage shizi nenhlanzi ebilisiwe. Izinkukhu zanyanga zonke zingathola amaqabunga amaqabunga eklabishi lonke, izaqathe kanye neziqongo ze-beet. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokondla izinkukhu ze-broiler.
Izinkukhu kufanele zinikezwe amavithamini, kepha hhayi ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezinhlanu zeminyaka. Izidakamizwa zithengwa ekhemisi lezilwane futhi zengezwe kulowo ophuzayo ngamanzi.
Izendlalelo
Ukubeka izinkukhu kufanele kugcinwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle futhi enomoya. Kufanele inakekelwe ekushiseni okuhlala njalo kwe + 23-25 0 C. Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda kuxhomeke ekusebenzeni ngokomzimba kwez heek, ukubeka ngakho-ke ehlobo kufanele kudedelwe kufakwe endaweni eboshelwe endlini. Izikhukhula zokubekwa “zishintshashintsha” kunezinyoni ezizalela inyama, ngakho-ke indawo ebiyelwe kufanele ibiyelwe ngenetha eline-mesh elihle futhi elingamboza i-corral kusuka phezulu. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuqeda izivakashi ezingamenyiwe, ezinemibala ezingadala ukutheleleka.
Futhi, ukubeka izinkukhu kudinga izidleke, futhi esimweni esibi somama, kuzodingeka uthenge ama-incubator wokuzalela. Ukufakwa amaqanda enkukhu kuchazwe lapha.
Izici zamandla
Ngokwemithetho yokondla izinkukhu, kufanele zondliwe kabili ngosuku. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa okuphakelayo kwezimboni noma ngezixube ezenzelwe wena. Akufanele uthathwe kanzima nge-wet emanzi. Kufanele ithuthukiswe ngamakhambi amasha, amavithamini kanye namaminerali. Izinkukhu ezincane ezibekayo zingondliwa kuze kube kathathu ngosuku. Ukweqisa ngokweqile kulimaza njengokulimaza ngokweqile.
Musa ukunikela njalo ngokudla okufanayo. Ukudla kokubeka izinkukhu kufanele kuhluka.
Izici Zephrojekthi
Kunamaphrojekthi amaningi, womabili ophahleni olubekiwe, futhi abekwe phansi, omile futhi angaphathwayo, futhi enziwe ngezinto ezahlukahlukene. Coop yenkukhu esemqoka kumele ihlangabezane nezimpawu zokuqukethwe kwezinkukhu. Kufanele ihlinzeke:
- lokushisa okungaguquki
- ukukhanyisa okufanele
- umoya omncane
- umswakama odingekayo.
Futhi, indawo yokugcina izinkukhu kufanele ihlangabezane namazinga okuhlanzeka, futhi ingahlanzwa kalula.
Zenziwe ziphi izinto?
Kulula ukwakha indlu encane esakhiweni somuntu siqu kusuka kumapulangwe enkuni, phakathi kwalokho ukufakwa kusuka koya lwengilazi noma i-polystyrene kufanele kubekwe, i.e. wire-luhlaka yenkukhu coop. Uma imfuyo inkulu, futhi ihlelelwe ukwenza ukwenziwa kweenkukhu kube yibhizinisi eliyinhloko, ke-ke inketho enhle kunazo zonke kungaba inkukhu ethambile eyenziwe ngamabhulokhonkolo ukhonkolo noma ngezitini.
Coop kanye abamba ukushisa
Ukuhlangana okuhlanganayo kwezitshalo nezinyoni egumbini elilodwa kungenangqondo. Kepha uma kune-greencarbonate greenhouse esizeni, ingashintshwa ibe yindawo yenkukhu yokubeka izinkukhu ebusika. Ipulasitiki ebonakalayo idlulisa ukukhanya kahle futhi ku-greenhouse kwanele ukufaka i-heater, okondlayo, izitsha zokuphuza nokwenza ukubamba okwesikhashana kusuka kubatens. I-coop yenkukhu eluhlaza okotshani polycarbonate izosiza ukuhlomisa izinyoni ezimeni ezilungele futhi zikhululekile.
Ukunakekelwa kwezinkukhu ngendlela efanele kuya ngesifunda nesikhathi sonyaka. Kuqukethe ukukhetha ukudla okulungile, ukubuka umbuso wezinga lokushisa nezinye izici ezihlukanisa izinkukhu zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene nezinkhombandlela.
Ehlobo
Ehlobo, izinyoni zigcinwa kahle kakhulu endaweni ebiyelwe evalwe ngetiyela elihle. Uma uhlela ukugcina izinkukhu kuphela ehlobo, khona-ke akufanele ukhathazeke nge-coop enkulu yenkukhu. Njengoba imifino entsha isivele ivuthiwe ngalesi sikhathi, inani lamavithamini okwenziwe ngomzimba lingancishiswa. Ehlobo, izinkukhu zilungile ekondleni okusanhlamvu. Lokhu kubhali, ukolweni nama-oats. Ama-greens amasha kufanele okungenani abe yi-40% yevolumu ephelele ekudleni. Izinkukhu zinganikezwa utamatisi, i-zucchini, ithanga namakhukhamba. Lapho kufika isikhathi sokuqoqa izitshalo zezimpande, zonke izihloko ziyahamba ziyokondla izinyoni. I-chalk ebunjiwe kumele ifakwe ekudleni ukwanelisa isidingo se-calcium. Esimweni sezulu esishisayo, amanzi kufanele aguqulwe kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ebusika
Ebusika, izinyoni kufanele zigcinwe endaweni efudumele yenkukhu. Ulamula oshelelisiwe kufanele uthululwe phansi, okubekwa kuwo udoti wesihlahla noma ngotshani. Ukuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe njalo. Okuphakelayo izinkukhu ebusika kufanele kube kathathu ngosuku. Njengokudla, ungasebenzisa umxube omanzi futhi omile kancane, lapho udinga ukufaka khona amavithamini kanye namaminerali. Ukugcina ukungagcineki, izinkukhu zinganikezwa uwoyela wezinhlanzi ebusika.
Ukuzala
Ukufuya izinkukhu epulazini ngalinye kucishe kungumkhiqizo ongadoti, ngoba yonke into ilungele izidingo zakho futhi iyathengiswa. Amakati angabanjwa ukuze athengiswe noma aqandwe. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iningi izinhlobo zohlobo oluxubile sezilahlekelwe amandla okufaka amaqanda futhi ukuxazulula le nkinga kuzodingeka zisebenzise ithuluzi lobuchwepheshe elisizayo njenge-incubator.
Ukufakwa ngaphakathi
Ukufakwa ngaphakathi inqubo yokuqandusela amaqanda usebenzisa i-incubator. Lo mklamo ovaliwe onezidleke zamaqanda nohlelo lokufudumeza kukagesi. Isiguli singathengwa esitolo esikhethekile noma, uma unesipiliyoni, senziwe ngokwakho. Ensimini yaseRussia, izifudumezi ezithandwayo zinguDaka futhi zizinhle ngeNestling.
Ovoscopes
I-ovoscope yithuluzi elenza sikwazi ukubona iziphambeko, ukuphambuka noma ukulandelela ukuthuthukiswa okulungile kombungu. Ngaphambi kokubeka amaqanda ku-incubator, kanye naphakathi kwenqubo yokufakwa ekufukameleni, ikhwalithi yamaqanda nezigaba zokukhula kwazo kufanele kuhlolwe ngokucophelela. Ngale njongo, kusetshenziswa idivaysi elula yokukhanya kwamaqanda, ibizwa ngokuthi yi-ovoscope.
Umama hen
Abanye abantu yenkukhu uqobo bafuna ukudonsa inzalo. Inyoni enjalo ingabonakala ngezimpawu zobuntu:
- inyoni ihlala esidlekeni futhi ayivumi ukususwa lapho,
- Kwenza imisindo ethile - "clatter"
- amaplamu njalo
- inyoni izama ukubeka amaqanda ezindaweni ezisithekile,
- kukhombisa ulaka maqondana neqhude.
Ukuze uthole isikhukhukazi, kufanele ulungiselele isidleke esincane kodwa esinethezekile ngesendlalelo esiminyene sedoti nokuqandusela amaqanda enkabeni. Uma inkukhu isivele isidleke futhi yaqandeka amaqanda, musa ukuyifunela enye indawo. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukuvuselela isidleke nokubuyisela udoti.
Okudingayo ukwazi ngokulima inkukhu
Izinkukhu azinambitheki futhi zijwayela ngokushesha ushintsho olubi esimweni sezulu. Kepha ngaphandle kwalesi sici basathanda isimo sezulu esifudumele.
Okokuqala, ngokuzalanisa kwanele ukuba ne-coop yenkukhu efudumele neyomile. Okwesibili, sidinga imikhombe yokuphakela, abaphuzayo, izidleke, ukubamba, kanye nendawo yokuhamba.
Amashumi awathandi ukuhlala ezimweni eziphithizelayo. Inhlanzeko futhi ihlanzekile indlu yenkukhu ibukeka, ikhiqiza inkukhu ngokwengeziwe.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ikakhulukazi badla okusanhlamvu, kanye nokhula lwezitshalo nezibungu. Nikeza imfucuza yasendlini ngokucophelela - ingafakwa ubuthi. Ungakhohlwa nge-mineral ne-vitamin complex ekudleni kwezinkukhu.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zokuphila, amantshontsho azalela unyaka wonke. Futhi ziletha amaqanda angamakhulu amathathu ngonyaka. Zithwalwa kuphela phakathi nesikhathi semini, ngakho ebusika kubalulekile ukwenza ukukhanyisa esibayeni.
Ngemuva kokuthi iqanda libekwe, lithathwa ukuthi lisetshenziswe ekudleni futhi lithengiswe, noma lishiywe lenkukhu ukuze likwazi ukuqhubeka nokufakwa. Udinga ukondla kuze kube kathathu ngosuku. Hlanza indawo yokupheka inkukhu izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto, kungaphansi kwalokho. Kungcono ukuthi kube notshani, sawdust noma ukusikwa phansi. Umbhede wendlu ungumanyolo obalulekile.
Amashumi anezikhwele ezinde. Okungenani ukukhiqiza eminyakeni engu-3-4. Isikhathi esiphakeme kakhulu sokuphila yiminyaka engama-20.
Endaweni yokuhlala yabo yemvelo - izinyoni ezihlanyayo, eziqhoshayo, ezihamba kakhulu ezebela ukudla komakhelwane bazo esibayeni. Inkukhu yasekhaya ivame ukuba nesisindo esingu-2-6 kilos.
Yiziphi izinkukhu ezifanele umndeni
Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 eziphambili:
Inyoni enhle kunazo zonke yilena ebeka kakhulu amaqanda, njengomthetho - lokhu isikhukhukazi. Phakathi kwalezo, kubhebhetheke kakhulu iRussia White. Okokuqala kwavela eRussia phakathi nochungechunge lokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ngekhulu lama-20.
Akunasayizi omkhulu. Zinombala omhlophe nekama elibomvu. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo sabo singamakhilogremu 2-2,5. Zihlukile kuzo zonke izinhlobo ekuzolile nasekuthandeni kwazo abantu. Ehamba kancane futhi kancane. Hambisana kalula nezinye izinhlobo.
Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, inyoni iyavilapha, ihola indlela yokuphila nje, iyeke ukubamba. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3, iyabuyiselwa. Uma ubheka impilo yezinyoni ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, khona-ke ithuba lokugula lehla kakhulu.
Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokubeka izinkukhu
Ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa, kufanele ukhethe izikebhe zokubeka ezifanele. Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuzalanisa. Kungcono ukukhetha okukodwa kokulandelayo:
- Leghorn. Ukukhiqiza kufinyelela amaqanda angama-250 ngonyaka anesisindo esingama-62 g lilinye.
- Highsex brown no White. Letha amaqanda afinyelela kuma-300 ngonyaka anesisindo esingama-65 g.
- Okuphukile onsundu. Kufika kumaqanda angama-320 i-63 g ngalinye.
- IRhode Island. Kufika kumaqanda angama-200 i-58 g ngalinye.
- I-Zagorsk salmon. Kufika kumaqanda angama-260 ama-60 g.
- Okumhlophe kweRussia. Khiqiza amaqanda angama-200 i-58 g ngalinye.
- Isiliva se-Adler. Kufika kumaqanda angama-180 i-58 g ngalinye.
- Kotlyarevskaya. Kufika kumaqanda angama-240 60-63 g.
- IPushkinskaya enemigqa kanye ne-motley. Kufika kumaqanda angama-270 ngama-58-60 g.
- Isikhumbuzo se-Kuchinsky. Kufika kumaqanda ayi-180 ama-60 g.
- Okuphikayo Kufika kumaqanda angama-320 kusisindo esingu-60-70 g.
Izindlela zokukhethwa kwezilwane ezisencane
Ukuze uthole amaqanda anele, udinga ukukhetha omncane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, cabanga ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ngokutholwa kwezinkukhu ezincane (izinyanga ezi-5), intwasahlobo ilungeleke kakhulu, ngoba inyoni izoqala ukubamba enyangeni, kanti ehlobo kuyinkathi ekhiqiza kakhulu.
- Iminyaka efanelekile yomuntu otholakele ngamaviki angama-20-25. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho ukuqala kokuthomba kuyinto ethile.
- Isisindo sengqimba ngamaviki angama-20 ukuya ku-22 kufanele kube ngu-1.5 kg.
- Ama-Hens kufanele abukeke ehlanzekile futhi azilungiselele kahle, ene-plumage ebushelelezi, futhi ecwebezelayo. Ama-scaffold, iziqaqa zezinduna nokukhula akwemukeleki.
- Kubalulekile ukuhlola isikhumba ngaphansi kwezimpaphe. Kufanele ube ophuzi futhi opinki opinki. I -ellelless ikhombisa izinkinga zesibindi.
- Kungcono futhi isikhathi eside izinkukhu ezine-molting sekwephuzile.
- Uma izimpaphe ezizungeze i-cloaca zingcolile futhi zinamathele, khona-ke ihlushwa ukutheleleka kwamathumbu.
- Ukuqina kwenkukhu kubalulekile. Kufanele kube bushelelezi, kube bomvu nobukhulu ngosayizi. Ukuthuthukiswa okuyikho kwamacici namacici kubalulekile.
- Amehlo ezinkukhu ezinempilo kufanele acwebezele futhi aqhakaze, ukubukeka kuphila.
- Kubalulekile ukuhlola impumulo kanye noqhwaku ukuze ome futhi kungabikho kukhula.
- Kuyadingeka ukuhlola umgodi wesisu. Kufanele ichazwe kahle, i-elastic, kepha ithambe uma kuthintwa. Isibonakaliso sempilo ngukukhanya kwe-keel nobubanzi besifuba. Okubalulekile yifutha, ububanzi nobude obude, imilenze eqinile. Kufanele ziqonde futhi zinhlukaniswe kabanzi.
- Ukuziphatha kwesendlalelo kubalulekile. Kumele aqaphele futhi asheshe.
- Udinga ukuthola ukuthi izinkukhu zigonyelwe yini.
Kunabantu abanezimpawu zabo bobabili ubulili. Okubizwa ngokuthi i-intersex njengesahluko akulungile.
Ungenzi kanjani iphutha ekukhetheni izinkukhu ezibekiwe zichaziwe kule vidiyo:
Akufanele ukhethe kuphela ungqimba ofanele, kodwa futhi futhi uhlele ngokuqukethwe okuqukethwe kwalo. Lapho uhlela indlu, imithetho elandelayo ibalulekile:
- Indawo kumele ihambisane nenani lezinkukhu. Bonke abantu aba-5 badinga isikwele esingu-1. m wesikhala.
- Nikeza ukukhanyisa (okwemvelo nokwokufakelwa) kanye nomoya omncane. I-windows yokukhanya kwemvelo kufanele yenze i-10% yendawo yegumbi. Lapho amahora okukhanya kwemini ancishisiwe, kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukukhanyisa okwenziwe ngokungemthetho. Ukuze uthole umoya omncane, ungasebenzisa ama-vents, kepha kungcono ukuhlomisa ama-hood ngama-plugs.
- Hlela isitsha sokuphuza, ama-feeders ahlukanisayo okuphakelayo okwomile nokuluhlaza nokugqoka okuphezulu. Ama-Narrow Drawer asenziwa ngokhuni noma ngensimbi asetshenziswa njengama-feeders. Ubude kufanele babalwe ngokuya ngenani labantu - inyoni ngayinye idinga i-15 cm yesikhala. Umthamo wesiphuzo kufanele ube amalitha ama-5.
- Nikeza indawo yokuhamba ebiyelwe ngocingo noma ngenetha.
- Kufanele kube nembobo eyengeziwe ukusuka kwibhokisi yenkukhu iya egcekeni lokuhamba. Kwanele ukulenza ngohlangothi lwe-35 cm ukukhipha ukulahleka okukhulu kokushisa.
- Ukuphakama kwendlu akumele kungabi ngaphezu kwe-1,8 m, ukuze kube lula ukugcina izinga lokushisa elilungile lezinkukhu ngama-23-25 degrees (ebusika kusuka kumadigri ayi-15).
- Phansi kungaba ngobuningi, ngokhuni, nge-adobe. Kubalulekile ukunikeza imfucumfucu eyomile (utshani, hay, sawdust, amacembe owomile).
- Ukuba khona okuphoqelekile kwama-perches kw coop yenkukhu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izigxobo noma amabhlogo okhuni anamasentimitha ayi-5. Kufanele abekwe maqondana nefasitela ukuphakama kwamamitha. Kushiywe ibanga elingama-40-50 cm phakathi kwezimpawu eziwela umgwaqo. Umuntu oyedwa udinga indawo engaba ngu-0,2 m.
- Kukhona izidleke ku-coop yenkukhu. Lokhu, kukhethwe izindawo ezinomthunzi. Udinga isidleke esisodwa kubantu abangu-5-6. Ungasebenzisa amabhokisi enkuni anezinhlangothi ezingama-30- 35 cm. Kufanele agcwaliswe ngotshani, notshani nokugoqwa kwezinkuni futhi akhuliswe ngaphezulu phansi.
- Isimo esibalulekile sokugcina izinkukhu ukungabulawa kwamagciwane ngezikhathi ezithile zezakhiwo. Lo mthetho usebenza futhi ekunakekelweni kwabondli nabaphuza utshwala. Ukuvimbela izinambuzane ezithile, kubekwa amabhathi okugeza umlotha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, funda ngokuthi ungayakha kanjani Coop yenkukhu ngokwakho kule ndatshana.
Ukondla
Inhlangano efanelekayo yokondla ingesinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwezinkukhu. Yize lezi zinyoni zikhethekile, zidinga ukudla okufanele.
Cishe i-60% yokudla kufanele kube izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokusanhlamvu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nyoni idinga ukuhlinzeka ngamafutha emifino nawezilwane. Ukuphakelwa okwenziwe ngomumo kungasetshenziswa lapho zonke izithako zilinganiselana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kudla kungashiyana ngembewu yefilakisi kanye nejongilanga, imidumba, isidlo nekhekhe ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaprotheni nefayibha.
Amajikijolo, izithelo, amakhambi, izinambuzane nazo zifakiwe ekudleni kwezinkukhu. Izinkukhu zidinga izithasiselo zamaminerali:
- uM melee
- umlotha
- amagobolondo athobozekile,
- usawoti
- amatshe angajulile.
Uma okuphakelayo kugxilisiwe, u-20% wokudla kufanele ube luhlaza. Izinkukhu zingondliwa utshani bokudlela, i-clover, dill, ulethisi, i-dioecious nettle.
Ngokwesibalo sezilimo eziyimpande, inyoni ingadla izaqathe, ama-beet, ama-turnips, isithombo sezinhlobo zasehlobo. Ukudla okunjalo kufanele kugayiwe. Unganika izinkukhu izinkukhu, amazambane abilisiwe.
Izifo ezingalawuleki
Leli qembu lezifo liyaphawuleka ngoba alidlulisi lisuka komunye umuntu liye komunye. Imbangela yalesi sifo ukuphazamiseka emzimbeni, okuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokondla okungafanele noma ukugcina inyoni.
Izifo ezilandelayo ezingathathelanayo zivame kakhulu:
- Atonia goiter. Kuboniswa ngokuzikhandla kwayo nokuxola. Ukwelashwa nge-probe, amaconsi ambalwa ka-oyela yemifino afakwa kwi-goiter futhi i-massage yenziwe. Ngemuva kwenkukhu, vula bese ususa okuqukethwe i-goiter. Ukuvimbela kungukuphakela okuseqophelweni eliphezulu nokuhambisana nemithetho yokondla.
- I-Gastroenteritis. Kubonakaliswa ubuthi, isifo sohudo, ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla. Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela kungukuzijwayeza ukondleka kwenyoni.
- I-Cloacite. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvuvukala komsipha. Izikhukhukazi ziba ezibulalayo, izintuthwane zibomvu futhi ziyajuluka. Ukwelashwa, ukugcotshwa okhethekile kugcotshwa endaweni ethintekile, imifino nemifino emisha kuyenezelwa ekudleni. Ukuvimbela kulele ekuondleni okufanele nenhlanzeko.
- Avitaminosis. Kuboniswa ubuthakathaka, ukulahleka kwezimpaphe. Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela kufaka phakathi ukufakwa ekudleni kwemifino, amakhambi, amavithamini kanye namaminerali. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu esikhathini ekwindla-ebusika.
Izifo ezithathelwanayo
Izifo ezithathelwanayo ziyingozi ngoba ziyathathelana. Amagciwane ahlukahlukene ayazibangela. Izifo ezilandelayo zokubeka izinkukhu zivame ukubonwa:
- I-Colibacillosis. Kubonakaliswa ngokubabaza, umkhuhlane, ukoma okhuphukayo, ukusikaza, ukukhuphuka kokunyakaza. Belapha lesi sifo nge-penicillin. Ukuvimbela kungukudla okulondekile nokunakekelwa, ukuvikelwa kwekamelo kusuka kumagundane.
- Pasteurellosis. Kuvezwa ngumkhuhlane, ubuthi, ukoma, izimpaphe ezonakalisiwe, kumnyama ubomvu namacici, uhudo, umunyu kusuka emakhaleni. Lesi sifo singalashwa kuphela ekuqaleni kwesisombululo esikhona samanzi we-tetracycline noma isixazululo se-norsulfazole. Ukuze uvikele ophethe, izifo zingatheleleki, zigcinwa zodwa, zigonywe, zibulawa amagciwane futhi zifakwe insolini.
- I-Salmonellosis. Kubonakala nge-conjunctivitis, lacrimation, lameness, izinkinga zokuphefumula. Iphathwa nge-sulfonamides ne-chloramphenicol. Ukuvimbela, sebenzisa umuthi wokugoma.
- Isifo seNewcastle. Kuboniswa inkambo esheshayo, ehambisana nokubulawa ngamandla, ukwenqaba ukondla, izinkinga zokuphefumula, umphunga oqhwakele. Alikho ikhambi, inyoni iyafa nakanjani. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuqothula bonke abantu abaxhumana nabo. Ukuvimbela, sebenzisa umuthi wokugomela, ugcwalise kahle umhlambi ngokunakekela, ngezikhathi ezithile wenze ukubulala magciwane, ngaphandle kokuthintana nezinyoni zasendle.
- Isifo sofuba. Imvamisa iqala ngenxa yezimo ezingezinhle. Kubonakaliswa yi-lethargy, ukunciphisa isisindo esisheshayo, isisindo somji namacici. Akukho ukwelashwa, yonke imfuyo iyabhujiswa, amagciwane ayenziwa. Ukuvimbela ukufakwa esikhundleni sokwebiwa kwezikhukhukazi ngezilwane ezincane, ukuhlanza kanye nokubulala amagciwane ezakhiweni.
Thola okuningi ngezifo zenkukhu lapha.
Izifo ze-parasitic
Izinambuzane zingaphakathi nangaphandle. Izimpawu nokwelashwa kweqembu ngalinye kuyafana.
Ama-parasites angaphakathi abizwa nge-protozoa nama-helminth. Ukutheleleka kubo kungahle kuhambisane nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukunciphisa umzimba
- ubuqili
- ukulahleka kwesifiso
- ukwephulwa kwesihlalo.
Ukunquma indlela yokwelashwa, i-ejenti ebangela lesi sifo ikhonjwa ngokuhlola igazi nezinsimbi. Izidakamizwa ze-antiparasitic zinikezwa hhayi kuphela kubantu abagulayo, kodwa futhi nazo zonke izinkukhu ezixhumana nazo.
Ama-helminths amaningi angadluliselwa kubantu, ngakho-ke izindlela zokuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu. Amagama anconyiwe wokuhlwabanisa awanakwa.
Phakathi kwama-parasites angaphandle, le nyoni ihlala ihlushwa amaza, izintwala, izimuncagazi zesikhumba nabadli bezintwala. Ukuba khona kwabo kubonakaliswa ukukhathazeka kwezinkukhu nokulahleka kwezimpaphe. Ungabona izimuncagazi ngenkathi kuhlolwa inyoni yangaphandle.
Ukwelashwa, imfuyo yonke iyelashwa, amagumbi abulawa amagciwane. Enye yezindlela zokuvimbela ukusetshenziswa komlotha wezinkuni, lapho izinkukhu zigeza khona.
Uchwepheshe kufanele anikeze ukwelashwa ngemuva kokuhlola inyoni nokwenza ezinye izivivinyo uma kunesidingo. Izifo eziningi zinezimpawu ezifanayo, ngakho-ke ukuzelapha kufanele kungafakwa ngaphandle.
Inzuzo yokubeka ibhizinisi lezinkukhu
Ukubalwa okuqondile kwezindleko nezinzuzo, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela kahle uhlelo lwebhizinisi olunemininingwane. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ubheke uhlangothi olusemthethweni lwebhizinisi - uma ulubhalisa, uzodinga ukudonsa intela.
Inkukhu enamasonto amabili ibiza cishe ama-ruble ayi-100. Uma uhlinzeka ngokudla okuxubile, khona-ke cishe ama-40 kg wokudla, okubiza isilinganiso sama-ruble ayi-10, kuzodliwa ngonyaka. Uma ubheka izindleko zamavithamini, khona-ke umuntu oyedwa udinga ama-ruble angama-500. Ngakho-ke, izindleko ngonyaka ngama-ruble angama-600.
Uma uyinakekela kahle inyoni, yondle kahle futhi ilinganise, khona-ke ngonyaka kungaletha amaqanda angama-250 ukuya kwangama-300. Uma ubheka ukuthi amaqanda amaningi asendlini abiza kusuka kuma-ruble angama-60, khona-ke ngonyaka inzuzo uzoba okungenani ama-ruble ayi-1,500.
Ngakho-ke, imali engenayo iyosuka kuma-ruble angama-900 ngonyaka. Inani lincane, kepha inqwaba noma ngisho namakhulu ezinkukhu atshaliwe, ngakho-ke lapho kuhlanganisiwe inzuzo izoba nenhlonipho. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imali engenayo nayo ingatholakala ngokuthengiswa komquba.
Amashumi aqala ukuhamba ngezinyanga eziyisithupha. Kuyaluleka ukugcina umuntu onjalo iminyaka engama-2-3, ngoba inyama iba namandla minyaka yonke, futhi isibalo samaqanda siletha sehlisiwe.
Iminyaka emi-2, izindleko zesendlalelo zizoba ngama-ruble ayi-1100, futhi inzuzo izoba okungenani ngama-ruble ayi-3000.
Ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwezindleko nemali engenayo ebhizinisini lokugcina izinkukhu ezithengiswa amaqanda kuvezwe kule vidiyo:
Lapho uqala ukubeka izinkukhu, kubalulekile ukuqala ngokuhlelwa okuyikho kwendawo yenkukhu nokukhethwa kohlobo oluhle lokuzala. Le nyoni kufanele igcinwe futhiondliwe ngendlela ethile, ukuze inikeze umkhiqizo ongaphakathi wohlobo oluthile lokuzala. Ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo, ungahlela ibhizinisi elinenzuzo.
Izimfihlo zokugcina izinkukhu ekhaya
Izinkukhu zamaqanda ziyinto esemqoka yokulinywa emazweni amaningi enomkhakha wezolimo othuthukisiwe, ngoba zingumthombo womkhiqizo wokudla ongabalulekile - amaqanda. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizothola ulwazi ngezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu nezingafani zezinkukhu zamaqanda futhi sicabangele ama-nuances okuphakelwa kwawo nokugcinwa kwawo - izinto ezibalulekile ezinquma inzuzo yokulima izinkukhu.
I-Araucana
Izinkukhu ezinjalo zinesici esisodwa esiyingqayizivele - zithwele amaqanda aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nama-turquoise . Ukuzalela kungumphumela womsebenzi wamaNdiya aseNingizimu Melika (e-Chilean).
Ngokokuqala ngqa, izixuku zizwa ngale nyoni ngo-1526. Uhambo lwezinkukhu eziyingqayizivele emhlabeni wonke lwaqala ngo-1888. Ngo-65 g wekhulu leminyaka elidlule, lo mjaho wanikezwa indinganiso yaseJalimane.Izinkukhu ze-Araucan ziyizidalwa ezingenamsila, njengoba zintula umsila we-vertebrae. Amadevu nentshebe kuhlobisa amakhanda abo.
Futhi, ingaphandle lokuzalela libonakaliswa ngu:
- Uqhwaku oluncane olugobile kancane.
- Amehlo e-Orange.
- Ikhilikithi noma i-pey enjenge-pest.
- Amacici abomvu, amacici.
- Ibanzi, imfishane futhi iqonde emuva.
- Isifunda ngesizotha, isifunda esibanzi se-thoracic.
- Umzimba omncane futhi omfushane.
- Izimpiko ezifanelana nesondo.
- Imetatarsus eluhlaza okotshani.
Izinketho zemibala yezinwele: zasendle, zegolide, zimhlophe, zimnyama, zibhakabhaka, intamo yesiliva ngokumelene nesizinda sombala oyinhloko, njll.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ungathola amaMelika aseMelika amfushane, ozoba ngumhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wegceke.
Abesilisa abavuthiwe ngokomzimba banesisindo esingamakhilogremu amabili, futhi isisindo sabantu besifazane ngamakhilogremu ayi-1,6.
Isizini kusuka kusendlalelo esisodwa thola ama-PC angama-160. Ama-57-58 amaqanda wegram.
Izinzuzo kanye nezinzuzo zohlobo.
- Ukungazinikeli.
- Le nyoni ivumelana ngokushesha nezinguquko ezimweni lokushisa.
- Ukuphepha kwezinkukhu.
- Ukuthomba kusenesikhathi.
- Ukubukeka okuhle.
- Ukuntuleka kwemvelo kokufakwa ngaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ekwakhiweni kabusha komhlambi, kuzodingeka i-incubator.
- Ukudonswa kwale nyoni kuyenza ibe yintokozo ebizayo.
- Ubuningi be-roosters.
- Ukukhiqiza inyama ephansi. Izidumbu ezingama-1,3-1,5 kg zitholakala enyokeni.
Isa Brown
Ukuhluka kwezinkukhu ezinjalo ukuthi zincanyana ngosayizi futhi lokhu konga isikhala emagcekeni amancane. Ukuzalelwa kwakhiwa ngokuwela umugqa, kudlula ngezigaba ezi-4. Isikhungo lapho le nyoni yacekelwa khona siseNetherlands.
Ekuqaleni, inhloso yabachwepheshe bekuwukuthola inyoni yamaqanda nje.
Ngokwendabuko yohlobo lokuzalwa, inyoni ebomvu kufanele ibe:
- Ukubukeka okuhle.
- I-plumage iyi-walnut brown.
- Umzimba omkhulu.
- Ivikela i-thoracic.
- Umgogodla womlomo wesibeletho omude.
- Ikamu elincanyana ne-goatee.
- Umlomo oqondile.
Isisindo sabantu besilisa asebefinyelele ekuvuthweni ngokomzimba ngu-2.8, kanti abesifazane - 1.9 kg.
Ukuthomba kwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-4,5. Ukukhiqizwa kweqanda - ama-310-320 ama-PC. Amagremu angama-65 amaqanda.
Isisindo sesidumbu esidliwayo siyi-1.5 (insikazi) noma ama-kilos angama-2.2 (abesilisa). Okusho ukuthi, ukukhuluma ngezimfanelo zenyama ezinhle akudingekile.
Izinzuzo kanye nezinzuzo zohlobo.
Izinzuzo eziphambili zohlobo lokuzala zihlanganisa:
- Ukuvuthwa okusheshayo (kokubili ngocansi nangokomzimba).
- Amanani aphezulu wokukhiqiza.
- Ukukhokha kahle izindleko zokuphakelwa ngemikhiqizo ewusizo.
Izinkukhu Iza Brown zinamandla amakhulu.
Phakathi kokubi, okulandelayo kungahlukaniswa:
- Ukulahleka kokukhiqiza ngemuva kweminyaka emibili yokulungiswa.
- Kudingeka i-incubator ukukhulisa izilwane ezincane.
Igumbi
Kungenzeka ukuzalanisa futhi uqukethe izinkukhu ezibeka amaqanda emakamelweni ahlukene:
- indlwana ehlome izilwane,
- inkukhu eyakhelwe kuphela,
- okwakhayo.
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi isiphi isikhathi sonyaka, igumbi lapho kuzohlala khona izinkukhu kufanele lifudumale, lihlanzeke futhi lome. Kuyadingeka ukukhulisa izinkukhu nokugcina izinyoni ezindala zibekela amaqanda emakamelweni ahlukene, ngoba izindlela zokudla zalezi zigaba zezinkukhu ziyehluka kakhulu.
Lapho unika coop yenkukhu, kubalulekile ukucabanga ngamaphuzu athile:
- Isakhiwo kumele sihlangane negceke lokuhamba. Izinkukhu zidinga ukuhamba unyaka wonke, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isizini noma isimo sezulu sinjani. Ubukhulu begceke lokuhamba libalwa ifomula: inani lezinkukhu * 1,2 m 2.
- Izinga lokushisa lezinkukhu kufanele lizinze unyaka wonke. Ngokubeka izinkukhu, izinga lokushisa elifanele lokuqanda amaqanda libhekwa njengokushisa okuphakathi kuka-23-25 o. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, osayizi abakhulu bekamelo nophahla ophakeme okulo akunconywa - kuzoba nzima ngokwengeziwe ngabo ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifunekayo.
- Ukuphefumula kufanele futhi kuyadingeka. Ebusika, kukhona ama-grill anele wokuthola umoya omusha. Ehlobo, umnyango okhona wezinkukhu ungashiywa uvulekile usuku lonke.
- Uma igumbi elinezendlalelo lingakhanyisi ngokwanele, ukukhiqizwa kweqanda labo kuzokwehla. Ukuvimbela lokhu, ikakhulukazi ebusika, lapho kunokuntuleka kwelanga lemvelo, faka eminye imithombo yokukhanya. Ngasikhathi sinye, qiniseka ukuthi ukukhanya akukhanyi kakhulu - kulokhu, izinkukhu ziqala ukukhipha amaqanda azo. Uma lokhu kuqala ukwenzeka, khanyisa izibani.
- Ukulala izinkukhu kudinga ukubanjwa. Hlomisa izigxobo ngobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-5-6, ngesilinganiso okungenani esingu-20 cm ububanzi enyoni ngayinye.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlomisa izidleke lapho izinyoni zindizela khona. I-hen ngayinye ayidingi ukwenza isidleke, ama-2-3 enkukhu ayi-12 anele. Ungazenza emabhokisini enkuni ngotshani obekwe ngaphakathi. Beka izidleke ezindaweni eziseceleni ze cook yenkukhu ukuze ungaphazamisi izilwane.
- Kungcono ukwenza into encane eyengeziwe emnyango noma odongeni ukuze izinyoni zikwazi ukushiya ngokukhululeka inkukhu futhi iphindele emuva kuyo.
- I-Equip bird feeders: encane ngosayizi, yenzelwe ukondla ngasikhathi sinye kwezinkukhu ezi-5 noma ezi-6. Zibeke ngendlela yokuthi izilwane zingakwazi ukuchithela ukudla noma ukukhwela ku-feeder ngamadolo azo. Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kube namanzi ahlanzekile ophuzayo.
Yokohama
Lokhu kungenye yobuciko obukhethiwe bokukhethwa kweJapan, okuthuthukiswe ngochwepheshe baseJalimane.
Le nyoni yavela eYurophu ibonga isithunywa sevangeli saseFrance uGirade. Abokuqala ukuhlangana ngokuzalaniswa kwakungamaParis kanye nezivakashi zomuzi wabathandi.
Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngezinkukhu ezihlobisa ezinikezwe izimfanelo ezikhiqize ngokwanele.
Izinga laseJalimane lithi i-purebred iyinyoni enamapayipi acwebile acacile, umsila omude kakhulu, isifuba esivelakude, intamo ende, intambo ebomvu ekhanyayo nomlomo omile.
Abantu abavuthiwe banesisindo kusuka ku-1.8 kuya ku-2,5 kg. Kunzima ngokwendalo kunabesilisa.
Ukuthomba - ezinyangeni eziyi-7 ezimbi kakhulu. Ukukhiqizwa kwezendlalelo - kuze kufike kuma-100 ama-PC. Amaqanda angama-50 wegram.
Izinzuzo kanye nezinzuzo zohlobo.
Ngokuqondene nezinzuzo zohlobo lokuzala, izinsikazi ziyizikhukhukazi ezinhle, inyoni ibukeka ingaphezu kokuhle futhi ngasikhathi sinye idle okuncane. Phakathi kwamamaminithi, izinkomba ezincane kakhulu zokukhiqiza kanye nokuwohloka komzimba njalo zingahlukaniswa.
I-Highsex
Ubungako bezinkukhu ezinjalo bulele kugqamile, futhi i-crest ebanzi ilenga uhlangothi olulodwa. Ukuzalela kwakheka eHolland.
Kuyathakazelisa nje: akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi akuyona indawo ezimele - lokhu kuyizinkukhu ezinqamlezayo. Noma ngamanye amagama, umkhiqizo womsebenzi wabazalanisi, otholwe ngokunqamula i-Leggorn emhlophe neNew Hampshire.
Amashumi adalwa njengenyoka yeqanda.
Le nyoni ibonakala kahle:
- Umzimba we-Proportional.
- Usayizi omaphakathi womzimba.
Izinzuzo Nesidingo Sokuzalwa Kwezinkukhu
Abafuyi bezimanje baqokomisa ubuhle nezingozi zezinkukhu.
- Zivumelanise kalula nezimo ezintsha,
- Impilo enhle kakhulu
- Hardy
- Azidingi ukudla okhethekile - ama-omnivores.
- Imvelo yenyoni ayikhuliswa kahle,
- Isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda sincane.
Ukugoma ngesikhathi esifanele kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo nempilo yezinyoni. Ukugonywa minyaka yonke ngokumelene nokutheleleka okunjalo:
- ISalmonella
- Isishayo se-Atypical
- I-bronchitis ethelelekayo,
- Adenovirus.
Isikhathi kuphela esenziwe yilezi zifo:
- I-Laryngotracheitis,
- Coccidiosis
- Isifo sikaMarek.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi inkukhu egulayo ayinakugonywa! Izinkukhu nezinkukhu zigonyelwa kuphela ngempilo enhle. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqale uqiniseke ukuthi azikho izinkinga zempilo.
Ukuzalela inkukhu edolobheni emkhakheni wangasese - ukuzithokozisa okuhle!
Okuqukethwe phansi
Lapho ubeka izinkukhu phansi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinyoni zingabekwa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokulala nokuphaphama. Inkukhu ngayinye kufanele ibe nendawo okungenani engama-50 cm 2. Isitezi kufanele senziwe ngobumba noma ngokhuni bese simbozwa ngotshani obuhlanzekile.
Lahla phansi ukhonkolo - awukwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa olifunayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emakamelweni anaphansi kokhonkolo kuhlale kunomswakama ophakeme.
Kabili ngonyaka, qiniseka ukwenza ukuhlanza indlu ngokujwayelekile. Ukulondolozwa kwenhlanzeko yiphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ekunakekelweni kwezikhukhukazi, ngoba egumbini elingcolile izilwane zitholakala kalula ezifweni nasezintweni ezihlaselayo.
Abalimi abaningi abangenalwazi bayazibuza ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi onogwaja kanye nezinkukhu bangagcinwa egumbini elilodwa. Futhi, indawo enjalo isobala - lokhu kulondolozwa okukhulu esikhaleni.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona ama-downsides. Onogwaja abahlukile empilweni enhle futhi batheleleka kalula yizifo ezahlukahlukene ezivela ezinyangeni. Uma izinkukhu zibeka phansi, zingakwazi ukugoba onogwaja abancane.
Ukugcina lezi zilwane ndawonye kungenzeka kuphela njengezinyathelo sokugcina. Uma ungakugwema indawo enjalo, yisebenzise.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinkukhu (izingqimba nenyama) zingagcinwa ndawonye. Kepha, njengoba uhlobo ngalunye lunehlelo lwalo lokudla kanye nezinye izimo, kubalulekile ukukucabanga lokhu.
Akunakuphikwa ukuthi ama-broilers nezinkukhu ezibeka amaqanda ziyafana; kulokhu, owedlule ngeke abe nokudla okwanele ukuthola isisindo, futhi kamuva kuzoqala ukuthwala amaqanda amancane.
Akunconywa nokuthi kugcinwe amadada kanye namahansi ndawonye nezinkukhu. Ukukhula nentuthuko, lezi zinyoni zidinga umswakama ohlukile nokudla okuhlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpi zingenzeka phakathi kwezinkukhu ezindala zokubeka amadada namadada noma amahansi.
Ngakho-ke, udinga ukugcina izinyoni ezahlukahlukene emakamelweni ahlukene. Kepha igceke lokuhamba lingahle libe linye.