I-Eublefar (lat. Eublepharis macularius) noma i-eublefar ebonwe ngamehlo abomvu yi-gecko enkulu, ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezithandwa zezilwane ezihlukile.

Kulula ukumnakekela, unokuthula, angaphila kumathafa amancane, kulula ukufuya, futhi kunokuhlukahluka ngokwanele kombala ohlukahlukene. Shono ethandwa kangaka.

Kusukela kumbhalo uzofunda ukuthi uvelaphi, uzomnakekela kanjani, yiziphi izimo ezidingekayo ekunakekelweni kwakhe.

Ukuphila endalweni

Izwe lengwe ye-eublefar enamadwala, inezintaba ezomile nezindawo eziwugwadule e-Afghanistan, ePakistan, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNdiya nasezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Iran.

Ebusika, izinga lokushisa laphaya lehla ngaphansi kwe-10 ° C, okwenza izilwane zikhubazeke (hypobiosis) futhi ziphile ngenxa yamafutha anqwabelanayo.

Lesi yisakhamuzi sokuhlwa, ukhuthele kakhulu ekuntweleni nasekuntweleni kokusa, lapho izinga lokushisa lihamba kahle kakhulu. Babodwa, ngokwemvelo bahlala endaweni yabo.

Ubukhulu kanye ne-Life Span

Abesilisa bafika ku-25-30 cm, izinsikazi zincane, cishe amasentimitha angama-20. Baphila isikhathi eside ngokwenele, ngokwesilinganiso ungalindela ukuthi isilwane sakho siphile cishe iminyaka eyi-10, yize abesilisa abaningi behlala iminyaka engama-20.

Kwi-gecko eyodwa noma i-pair, amalitha angama-50 anele. Kuliqiniso, umthamo omkhulu uzoba ngcono kuphela, ikakhulukazi uma uhlela ukuzalanisa.

Ingilazi yesembozo ku-terrarium ayikwazi ukusethwa, njengoba ama-eublefars engenawo amandla okugibela ezindaweni ezibushelelezi, anezinkomishi zokuswela ezingafakwanga ezinyaweni zazo njengezinye izinhlobo zama-geckos.

Kodwa-ke, uma unamakati nezinja ekhaya, kungcono ukumboza i-terrarium, ngoba iba yingozi enkulu kuma-geckos.

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi amakhethini nezinye izinambuzane zingabalekela kuwo, futhi awazidingi endlini.

Abesifazane abambalwa abavuthiwe ngokocansi bathandana kahle (uma zilingana ngobukhulu obufanayo), kepha abesilisa banobuhlakani futhi bazokulwa.

Owesilisa nabesifazane abaningi nabo bayasondelana, kodwa kungcono ukungazibambisi kuze kube yilapho sezifinyelele osayizi abavuthiwe ngokocansi (cishe amagremu angama-45 kubo owesilisa nowesifazane).

Uma usuthole umbhangqwana osemusha, futhi uhlela ukuwugcina ndawonye, ​​ke kungcono ukukhula ngokwahlukana.

Abesilisa bakhula ngokushesha, futhi bakhudlwana kunabesifazane, ikakhulukazi uma ubakhulisa ndawonye. Iduna elikhudlwana lisebenza futhi linolaka, lidla ngokushesha, livame ukuthatha ukudla kowesifazane, noma limesabise nje.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayevame ukuvuthwa ngokocansi futhi aqale ukukwelana nowesifazane ovame ukungakulungeli.

Izinsikazi ezinesisindo esingama-25-30 amagremu zivame ukubeka amaqanda, kepha zincane kakhulu. Lokhu kunciphisa isikhathi sabo sokuphila, kuyacindezela futhi kunciphisa amandla.

Uma ukhulisa abesifazane abaningi ndawonye, ​​khumbula ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi enye yazo ikhula ngokushesha, futhi ingasusa ukudla empahleni.

Uma osayizi behluke kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukubatshala ezindaweni ezihlukile.

I-Priming

Amajikijolo agcinwa kahle ephepheni elisobala, okungenani aze abe yi-10-12 cm ubude.

Ama-Eoplefars akhuthele kakhulu ngesikhathi sokudla, futhi angavame ukugwinya inhlabathi ngenkathi ebamba izinambuzane.

Futhi ezinsizweni lokhu kuholela ezinkingeni zokugaya ukudla ngisho nokufa, ngoba ukukhanyisa kwamathumbu abo kuncane kakhulu kunasebadala. Kodwa-ke, ungabondla esitsheni esehlukile, njengasevidiyo ngezansi.

Ngokuqondene nesihlabathi kubantu abadala, nazi imibono ihlukaniswe, amanye aqukethe kahle ama-geckos esihlabathini, abanye bathi kuyingozi.

Ngokusobala, le ndaba ingubukhulu besigaxa sesihlabathi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isihlabathi esihle kakhulu, u-0.5 mm noma ngaphansi. Kepha, uma wesaba impilo, amatshe amatshe, imicembe, amagebhu akhethekile nephepha elifanelekile.

Ukushisa

Zonke izirhubuluzi zidinga indawo evumela ukuthi zikhethe izindawo ezinamazinga okushisa aphakeme noma aphansi.

Ngesinye isikhathi ama-eublefares akho azofuna ukuzifudumeza, kwenye epholile. Inketho engcono kakhulu kubo ukushisa okuphansi nge-mat ezishisayo.

Kufanele ibekwe ekhoneni elilodwa le-terrarium, ukudala i-gradient yokushisa.

Izinga lokushisa ekhoneni elifudumele lingama-28-32 ° C, futhi uma ebusuku lingawa ngaphansi kuka-22 ° C, lapho-ke ukushisa kungacishwa. Kuyadingeka ngokuphelele ukulawula izinga lokushisa ngosizo lwama-thermometers amabili akhiwe ngama-engele ahlukene. Ukupholisa, kanye nokushisa ngokweqile, kugcwele izifo.

Amatshe afudumele noma eminye imithombo yokushisa ivame ukuthengiswa ezitolo zezilwane, noma kunjalo, kufanele ungazithengi. Aziguquki, awukwazi ukulawula amazinga okushisa, futhi esilwaneni, zingadala ukushiswa.

Isibani

Ama-leublefars eLeopard ngokuvamile awasebenzi phakathi nosuku futhi awadingi izibani zokushisa noma amalambu e-UV.

Bancamela ukufihla endaweni yokukhosela emnyama phakathi nosuku futhi ukukhanya okukhanyayo kubo kungumthombo wokuxineka. Abanye abanikazi, basebenzisa izibani ezikhanyayo, baletha ama-geckos abo esimweni lapho benqaba khona ukudla futhi bafa.

Sebenzisa ukukhanya okufiphele, okufiphalisiwe nokushisa okuphansi. Musa ukusebenzisa izibani ezikhanyayo, futhi usebenzise izibani ze-UV kuphela ukwelashwa.

Ama-Shelter

Isebenza ngokuhlwa futhi ngokwemvelo bacasha ngaphansi kwamatshe nezibambo phakathi nosuku. Ngakho-ke izindawo zokukhosela e-terrarium ziyadingeka. Kungaba yizinhlobonhlobo zezinto: amakhadibhodi amabhokisi, amabhodwe, indawo yokukhosela enophawu, ama-halves kakhukhunathi, kepha noma yini.

Into esemqoka ukuthi kufanele ibanzi ngokwanele. E-terrarium, kungcono ukuhlela izindawo zokukhosela eziningana, enye ekhoneni elifudumele, elinye kwelinye elipholile.

Ngakho-ke i-gecko izokwazi ukukhetha amazinga okushisa awadingayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikamelo elibizwa ngokuthi yimanzi liyadingeka ekuncibilikeni.

Igumbi elinamanzi

Njengazo zonke izirhubuluzi, ingwe geckos molt. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi kangakanani kuya ngeminyaka nangosayizi, ama-molven wezinsana kaningi kakhulu kunabantu abadala.

Iqiniso lokuthi i-gecko yakho izololt, uzofunda ngokushintsha umbala wayo.

Iba ngundabamlonyeni, imhlophe, isikhumba siqala ukuncibilika futhi sithambe.

Njengomthetho, ama-eublefars adla isikhumba sawo ngokushesha ngemuva kokuncibilika, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ungakuboni lokhu.

Lokhu bakwenza ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili: okokuqala, ukumunca izakhamzimba eziqukethwe kuwo, futhi okwesibili, ukuze izitha ezidliwayo zingaboni imisindo yokubakhona kwazo.

Imvamisa, zibola kalula, kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuvela izinkinga, ikakhulukazi uma umswakama unganele.

Qiniseka ukuthi uhlola isilwane sakho ngemuva kokuncibilika! Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngeminwe, ngoba isikhathi esiningi isikhumba sihlala phezu kwabo, futhi njengoba i-gecko ikhula, iqala ukubancipha. Kancane kancane, umunwe uyafa.

Akusabeki, imvamisa konke kuyaphilisa, kepha ngicabanga ukuthi ngeminwe imnandi ukwedlula ngaphandle kwabo ...

Ukususa lesi sikhumba, usibeka esitsheni esigcwele iphepha elimanzi, elifudumele nesembozo. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, umswakama ophezulu uzothambisa kakhulu isikhumba, futhi ungasikhipha nge-cotton swab.

Uma lokhu kungasebenzi kalula, bese uyitshala enye imizuzu engama-30.

Igumbi elimanzi limane nje liyindawo yokukhosela lapho kunendawo engamanzi - moss, shavings, vermiculite.

Ama-Eoplefars ayakuthanda ukuhlala kuwo, noma engapheli. Futhi, lokhu kungaba yinoma yini, isibonelo, isitsha sepulasitiki, hhayi iphuzu.

Amanzi nomswakama

Ama-Eublefaras avela esimweni sezulu esomile, kepha adinga amanzi nomswakama. Baphuza amanzi, bopha izilimi zabo, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukubeka isiphuzo esilula. Into esemqoka ukuqapha izinga lamanzi akulo, ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane.

Umswakama e-terrarium kufanele ube sezingeni lama-40-50% futhi kufanele ugcinwe ngokufafaza i-terrarium kusuka esibhamu sokufafaza.

Ikakhulu uma ungenalo igumbi elimanzi, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nezinkinga zokuncibilika. Udinga ukubheka umswakama nge-hygrometer ejwayelekile, ongayithenga esitolo sezilwane.

Ukondla

Badla kuphela ukudla okuphilayo - izinambuzane, futhi abazidli izithelo nemifino.

Kungcono ukunika amakhilogremu kanye neempuphu zikafulawa, kepha futhi ungawanikeza amaphuphu nama-zipobas. Kwesinye isikhathi ungapha amagundane anginqunu, kepha okumangalisayo, ngoba anomsoco kakhulu.

Ngokukhethekile amagundane kufanele anikezwe izinsikazi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva kokubeka amaqanda, ukwenza ukulahleka kwamandla.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kaningi abesifazane bayabenqaba ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kepha badle ngokuhaha ngemuva, kaningi noma abathathu, izifo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikela ngezithasiselo ezikhethekile zezinambuzane kanye nezinambuzane, eziqukethe amavithamini kanye namaminerali.

Izinambuzane zingafafazwa nje ngazo, noma zigcinwe ezitsheni ngesengezo isikhathi esithile.

Cabanga ngobuhle nokubi kokudla okokheleni kanye nezibungu zikafulawa:
Amakhethini

1. Iyasebenza, khuthaza ama-geckos ukuzingela.
2. Aqukethe amaprotheni amaningi, i-calcium, amavithamini kunezimpethu zikafulawa.
3. UChitin mncane, kulula ukugaya

1. Zidinga ukunakekelwa, ukuniselwa nokunikwa ukudla noma ukuphumula.
2. Akudliwe ama-geckos acasulayo akhasa phezu kwabo.
3. Imvamisa udla izindunduma zama-geckos, zibe abathwali bezimuncagazi.
4. Kuyadingeka ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi zidliwe zonke, ukuze zibambe okweqile.
5. Bayanuka.
6. Bangakwazi ukuphunyula.
7. I-Chirping

Izikelemu zeflour
Ngemuva:

1. Akusebenzi, akunakuphunyuka.
2. Thenga futhi ukhohlwe, uhlale esiqandisini amasonto.
3. Musa ukubalekela udle njengoba izifiso ze-gecko, ungamcasuli.
4. Ungashiya ku-terrarium, futhi ungeze okusha kuphela njengoba zinyamalala.

1. Izakhi zomzimba ezingaphansi.
2. Kunzima kakhulu ukugaya.
3. Bangangcwatshwa esihlabathini uma bephuma ngaphandle kwe-feeder.
4. Ngaphansi kwama-geckos angasebenzi kangako.

Isiphetho: Kungcono ukondla ukushintshana kanye nezinsimbi zikafulawa kanye namakhethini, ngakho-ke thola ukudla okunempilo. Ama-geckos amancane adinga ukondliwa nsuku zonke, intsha njalo ngosuku, kubantu abadala kabili kuya kathathu ngesonto.

Isikhalazo

Ngokuvamile, akufanele uthathe i-eublefar ize ibe ngaphansi kwamasentimitha ayi-12. Ungavumela umuntu osekhulile ukuphuma ku-terrarium futhi umvumele ukuthi ahlale phansi, kancane kancane ajwayele izandla zakhe. Ngokuvamile kuthatha izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa.

Ungalokothi ubambe i-gecko ngomsila, ungaphuma!

Yize ikhula entsha ngezinsuku ezingama-40, ingahle ingabi yinhle kangako, kanye nama-gecko asencane asalele emuva ekukhuleni ngenkathi iphinda ivuse umsila.

Izinketho ezitholakalayo

Ingwe ebunjiwe eublefar (lat.Eublepharis macularius) - isililo esivikelekile somndeni ka-Eublefar. Izwekazi le-eublefars elibonakalayo lingamazwe aseNingizimu ne-Asia Ephakathi: i-India, Afghanistan nePakistan kanye ne-Iran. Lesi sibankaba sihlala ezansi kwamagquma anezinyawo, ama-steppes awomile futhi angenawo amahlathi amancane. Njengamanje, izinhlobo zigcinwa kakhulu futhi zibelethwe ekudingisweni, ngokuba ngesinye sezilwane ezaziwa kakhulu nge-terrarium, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabaqalayo.

Incazelo emfushane nge-eublefar ebonakalayo
Ama-eublefars asakazekile ayizibungu ezincane, ubude bawo bomzimba kanye nomsila bufika ku-25-30 cm. Alithole igama lawo ngenxa yombala obonakalayo obonakalayo. Ngaphezu amabala, ukufana nesilwane esidla ubhedu kunikezwa i-eublefar ngamehlo ayo amangalisayo: ikati-ngathi liphakeme futhi libonisa ngokungaxakile isilo sasendle.

Ngombala wemvelo wama-eublefars, amathoni agrey kanye aphuzi aqhakaza. Kodwa-ke, ngosizo lokukhetha, namuhla ngaphezulu kwezindondo ezihlukene eziyikhulu - ukuhluka kombala kwe-gecko - kuyafuywa. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-eublefar ingelinye lalawo makhonkolo lapho, lapho ecindezelwa, angawisa umsila wawo. Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, i-lizard ithola indawo yengxenye yomzimba elahlekile, kepha umsila omusha uhlala umncane ngandlela thize kunasekuqaleni.

Ama-eublefars asakazeke ahola indlela yokuphila yasemhlabeni, noma kunjalo, agibela izindonga zethrearium ngobumnandi phambi kwezizinda zokuhlobisa ngemidwebo namashalofu. Inani eliphakeme lomsebenzi wabo livela kusihlwa nobusuku.

E-terrarium ene-eublefar, udinga ukuhlomisa indawo yokushisa nekhona elibandayo. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze i-lizard ikwazi ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wayo. Ekhoneni elifudumele, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu + 30-32 ° C. Njengoba i-eublefar iyisilwane sangokuhlwa, akudingeki ukuthi kubhalwe kakhulu i-UV.

Umswakama ophakeme nawo awunamsebenzi kulezi ezihuquzelayo ezingasogwadule, kepha ama-eublefars kufanele aqhubeke nokuthola amanzi okuphuza amasha. Ophuza amanzi kufanele abe nesisindo esanele ukuze i-reptile ingakwazi ukuyijika futhi ihlele isikhukhula. I-Eublefar idinga negumbi elinamanzi - indawo ekhethekile yokuhlala enomhlabathi omanzi, lapho lizard lizoqothuka khona. Ngaphandle kokukhosela okunjalo, i-eublefar ingaba nezinkinga zokuncibilika.

Amatshe amalahle kanye nemakethi otshani bokufakelwa alungile njengomhlabathi. Isihlabathi singasetshenziswa ngokuqapha: ama-eublefars ajwayele ukugwinya ngokudla, okungaholela ezinkingeni zokugaya ukudla nokufa imbala. Ngakho-ke, lapho usebenzisa isihlabathi, i-eublefar kumele idliwe kuphela ngama-tweezers.

Ekugcineni, ithrafikhi kufanele ifakwe izindawo zokukhosela ezahlukahlukene lapho i-eublefar izocasha khona lapho isikhathele ukunakwa yiwo wonke umuntu. Udonga lwangemuva lokusiza kudoti luzovumela i-gecko ukuthi isebenzise ngokugcwele isikhala sendawo yayo futhi ivuselele umsebenzi wayo wezimoto.

I-eublefar esetshenzisiwe
Cishe noma yiziphi izinambuzane zokudla zingafakwa kwimenyu yalezi zibankwa ezingavikeleki: indlu, ubhanana kanye namakheji anezindawo ezimbili, umhluzi wefulawa kanye ne-zifobas, amaqhude ahlukahlukene, njll. Ngesinye isikhathi, ungaphatha i-eublefar ngamagundane asanda kuzalwa.

Kanye nokudla, i-eublefaru kumele inikezwe izithasiselo zamavithamini kanye ne-calcium - ngaphandle kwabo, kumane kungenzeki ukuphinda usebenzise ukudla okugcwele kwalesi gecko ebukekayo.

Ngezansi ividiyo ephathelene nokunakekela i-eublefar ebonakalayo:

Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo

I-Eublepharis yisidladla esingowomndeni wakwa-Eublefar, onezinhlobonhlobo eziningi futhi uvamile eNdiya, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan.

Lezi yizilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezincane ezihamba ebusuku, ezinesisindo somzimba kuyaqabukela zifinyelela ku-50 g, futhi ubude bube ngama-20-30 cm.

Ikhanda likhulu uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba okwimo kanxantathu. Amehlo amakhulu anciphile kancane futhi aqhakaze, okufana nekati. Umlomo omude uhlala ubukeka umamatheka. Ubude obahlukahlukene, kuya ngohlobo lwewashi, mncane futhi bomile, luphela ngeminwe emihlanu ezinzipho.

Umbala wesikhumba uhlukile, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwekhulu zamaphethini. Isendlalelo esiyinhloko sivame ukuba nsundu, siluhlaza okotshani, sibomvu, bese iphethini enamachashazi ihlukile futhi ikhanya.

Ekuqaleni, i-Eublefar endala inempilo inomsila obukhulu futhi omkhulu. Ngomzuzwana wobungozi, ibhungane liyakulahla, bese lona elisha likhula lifushane kakhulu futhi linokugcotshwa okubushelelezi, ngaphandle kwama-tubercles.

Kuthiwa i-dimorphism yezocansi, owesilisa mkhulu, enekhanda elikhulu nomsila obukhulu ezansi.

Endle, impilo yesigcilikisha akuvamile ukuba ibe yiminyaka eyi-10, ekudingisweni le nkathi yinde kakhulu - ifika ku-20.

I-Eublefar isebenza ebusuku nasekuseni, ngosuku olushisayo icashe kusuka ekushiseni emifantwini yamatshe noma ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla namatshe. Yindawo ehlala ama-steppes, izintaba ezincane kanye namahlathi awomile.

I-Eublefar luhlobo lwesilwane senhlalo nenhlalo yezilwane. Isidladla sendoda sihlala ne-harem encane, ehlanganisa izinsikazi ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha futhi ivikela indawo yaso lapho ikhona. Umndeni udla ama-arthropods, izibungu, izinhlobo ezincane zezilwane ezincelisayo, ezinye izibankwa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nangezingane zazo.

Ukuthomba kwe-Eublefar kwenzeka cishe enyangeni yesishiyagalolunye yokuphila. Insikazi ibekela imichilo efinyelela kwayishumi equkethe amaqanda ama-1-2 phakathi nonyaka. Izinsana zizalwa ezinyangeni ezingama-2-3, ubulili bazo buya ngezinga lokushisa lokuvuthwa, kuzalwe abesifazane abaphansi, ngenhla kuka +31.5 ° C - abesilisa. Ukukhula okuncane ngombala kugqamile, kuba mnyama cishe izinyanga eziyi-8.

Iranian eublefara

Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yalezinhlobo ze-Eublefar yi-Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey. Isilozi sithanda izintaba ezinamadwala kusuka kumamitha angama-300 kuye kwangama-1000 ukuphakama ngaphezu kolwandle. Kwezinye izindawo, inani lezilwane liphezulu, kwezinye, ngokwesibonelo, eTurkey, alinakwa.

Umzimba we-Iranian Eublefar ubonakala ngalesi silozi, kodwa izitho zaso zinde kakhulu futhi umzimba waso mkhulu.

Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba nesisu cishe icishe ibe mhlophe ngombala, emuva, ikhanda nama-paws phezulu kumbozwe amabala ansundu aphuzi.Umsila omude omkhulu unemisho eguqukayo eshintshashintshayo nokhanyayo.

I-Eublepharis angramainyu iyakwazi ukuhlangana ne-Spotted Eublefar futhi ikhiqize inzalo enempilo esebenzayo esizukulwaneni sokuqala nesesibili.

Lenhlobo idla kakhulu izibankwa ezincane. Kuwo wonke unyaka, kuholela indlela yokuphila yemfihlo, isebenze kuphela entwasahlobo ngesikhathi sokuzala.

Lolu hlobo alusavikelwa yi-Convention on International Trade, njengoba kufundwe kancane futhi inombolo yayo yangempela ayaziwa.

I-West Indian Eublefar

I-Eublepharis fuscus luhlobo oluhlala ezifundeni ezomile zaseNdiya entshonalanga yezwe. Lesi isibankwakazi esikhulu esifinyelela ku-40-45 cm ubude ngomucu ogqamile ophuzi obude emuva, sidlula iphethini elimnyama.

Ngokokuqala ngqa, le nhlobo yenza ucwaningo lwesayensi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, futhi yatholakala kude naseBombay, eMumbai. Kepha isikhathi eside bekubhekwa njengokubhalwe phansi kwe-Eubléfar ebonakalayo futhi yanikezwa ikilasi elihlukile ngo-1997 kuphela.

Ihluke kwezinye izinhlobo ngosayizi omkhulu, indawo nohlobo lwama-lamellas ngemuva nasemilenzeni. Umdwebo usunobuhle kunokugqamile.

Ihlala emvelweni ephakeme ngamamitha angama-50-650 emahlathini omile, amagquma anothando, amadwala nezihlahla zokuphila. Umsebenzi uzibonakalisa kwizikelezi ngoDisemba, lapho ukukhula okuncane kukhula kancane. Kunobufakazi bokwehla okuncane kwesibalo sabantu, yize izinhlobo zisahlala endaweni enkulu ngokulingana amakhilomitha ayizigidi ezingama-150.

Eublefara Herdwick

I-Eublepharis hardwicki izakhamizi ezifundeni ezisempumalanga yeNdiya neBangladesh. Le nhlobo ifundwe kancane.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi izibungu zithanda ukuphakama kusuka ku-500 kuye ku-1500 m kanti abantu bakhona bahlala endaweni yokuhlala engaba amakhilomitha-skwele ayinkulungwane. Bathanda amahlathi aqinile, bahlala ngaphansi kwamatshe nezimpande zezihlahla.

Ubuhle bombala abungaphansi kwe-Spotted Eublefars, ngenxa yalokho kuyisihloko sokuhweba okusebenzayo.

Umzimba we-lizard minyene futhi mfushane, ubude bawo bungama-20-23 cm, futhi imilenze nayo incane.

Ubude bekhala lilingana nebanga eliphakathi kwamehlo, izimbobo ezinkulu zezindlebe ziyindilinga. Ekhanda nasemizimbeni yomzimba ngesimo se-polyhedra nezifuba eziningi. Umsila omude uyindilinga omncane futhi ubukeka uvuvukile.

Ngaphezulu nangaphansi kwezindebe, izikali eziyi-10, futhi esiswini kunemivimbo engu-30 eqondile. Kukhona engxenyeni engezansi yomsila, nezihlangu ezinkulu ezihlobisa i-chin.

Ngolimi olude olubomvu, oluncane nolusicaba, u-Eublefar Herdwick uyakwazi ukukhotha amehlo akhe nekhanda lonke.

Ukudweba emzimbeni wesigcwala ngamathoni abomvu, akhanyayo noma amnyama ansundu. Ngakho-ke ikhanda lidwetshwe, izindawo ezibanzi emuva nomsila. Ngokuphikisana nabo, imivimbo ephuzi idlula ngemuva kwekhanda, maphakathi emuva kanye nesisekelo somsila. Imilenze ibomvana, kanti umzimba ophansi nesisu cishe zimhlophe.

Lezi zibankwa azithuleli, kepha uma esaba enza ukubhoboza imisindo ngokuchichima neminyakazo.

Lesi sibalo esidlangile kunazo zonke emvelweni ye-Eublefar, inani labantu likhulu futhi akukho ukusongela ekuqothulweni kwesilwane. Kutholakala kokuqukethwe kwasekhaya, kepha kungathandwa njengengwe.

I-Spotted Leopard Eublefara

U-Eublepharis macularius ungowokudabuka ePakistan nasenyakatho neNdiya ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo. Ubude bomzimba obukhulu be-lizard yobusuku buyi-25-30 cm.

Le yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu emafrijini asekhaya, ngoba ayinzima kokuqukethwe futhi isakazeka kalula ekudingisweni.

Leli klasi laqala lachazwa ngonyaka we-1854 futhi linezincazelo ezinhlanu.

Isizinda somzimba esiyinhloko singase sehluke - utshani ophuzi noma ompunga, kwesinye isikhathi upende onsomi. Kodwa amabala amnyama “ingwe” amnyama ahlakazekele kuso impela, amboze lonke leli bhloka kusuka ekhaleni kuya encenyeni yomsila.

Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa nezincane zinombala ohlukile - ekuqaleni cishe zicishe zibe mnyama, bese kuba imicu emibalabala eshintshashintshayo ebanzi (evame ophuzi) kanye namathoni amnyama (ansundu noma amalahle) emzimbeni.

Ama-tubercles acute atholakala emzimbeni wonke nasemilenzeni, izikali zisesiswini (20-30), umsila, izinkophe (45-57).

Kokokuqala ngqa ukuba iLeopard Eublefaras itholakale ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu ye-Afghanistan, bese kuthi eNdiya nasePakistan. Lezi izakhamizi zomdabu zezingwadule nama-savannah omile. Bathanda inhlabathi enobumba nesihlabathi, amatshe, izihlahlana ezomile. Umbala, obukeka ukhanya kakhulu kuma-terrariums, endaweni yawo yendabuko uyabasiza ukuba bahlangane nemvelo.

Ngesikhathi lapho izinga lokushisa elenzelayo lehla laya ku + 5 ... + 15 ºC, i-Eublefars ebunjiwe iwela kuhlobo lokugqwayiza okumisiwe, isigamu sokulala izinyanga eziningana, silinde isikhathi esingesihle ngenxa yokubhuka kwamafutha.

Ngenkathi ehlobo, lapho cishe +40 ºC, izibankwa ziyasebenza futhi zizizwa zizinhle. Mhlawumbe ukukwazi ukubekezelela ushintsho olungazelelwe lokushisa ngaphandle kokusongela impilo kwenza lesi silwanyana siyehla kangako ezimeni zokuboshwa.

Kusebusuku nasebusuku, izingwe zeLeopard zizilandelela futhi zihlasele ama-invertebrates, ama-arthropods, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, is scorpion, izicabucabu, imishini emide. Lokhu kungabazingeli abahle kakhulu abangathola ukudla ezimeni ezinzima ngenxa yombono obukhali, umuzwa omuhle kakhulu wephunga nokushesha kokuhamba.

Manje, ngaphezu kokuhluka kombala wemvelo, kunezindlela eziningi zokuzalela. Akuyona inhlobo ehlukile, kepha yifomu elihlukile le-isomorphic futhi izinhlobo ezilandelayo ezifanele ukunakwa ngokukhethekile.

IBlack Eublefar

Umbala ogqamile wemvelo uyisithunzi esihle kakhulu se-Eublefars ebonakalayo, kodwa ekhaya abasongelwa ngabadli bezilwane kanye nezindlela ezintsha zokuzalela zithola imibala ehlukile. Izinhlobo eziningi ze-hybrid ziyaziwa namuhla, ngokwesibonelo, iBlack Eye noma iBlack Hole (BH).

Isikimu sombala omnyama esiyingqayizivele futhi esimangalisayo - iBlack Velvet neBlack Pearl. Abafuyi abavela eYurophu basebenzela ekutholeni isibankwa esimnyama. Ikhabhoni isomorph yatholakala ngenxa yokuguqulwa okungahleliwe lapho abantu ababili abanombala ojwayelekile ojwayelekile bewele. Lawa ngama-Eublefara-melanists, anephethini ajwayelekile emzimbeni wawo, okunzima kakhulu ukuwahlukanisa ngenxa yombala omnyama.

Umsebenzi usuqhubeke cishe iminyaka engama-20, kepha kuze kube manje akukenzeki ukuthi uzuze ukuqina kombala. Ama-Eublefars amabala amnyama asemqoqweni wabazalisi abakhokhelayo kuphela futhi intengo yabantu abanjalo emakethe yakwamanye amazwe icishe ibe ngamadola ayizinkulungwane ezimbili.

Ngokuvamile izibankwa zizalwa ngamathoni ampunga, kodwa futhi ziyadingeka kakhulu, eRussia manje kune-Eublefar eyodwa.

Lo mbala ubizwa nangokuthi iBlack Knight, futhi isukela kusinamoni emnyama iya ku-velvet emnyama ejulile. Amehlo eziqhude aphuzi ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Imvamisa izingane zizalwa zilula futhi zisezingeni elijwayelekile, kepha uma ziqala ukukhula, imibala iba ngamakhethini. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka okuphambene nalokhu: umntwana osanda kuzalwa amalahle uba mpunga okhanyayo lapho efika ekuthweni.

Lo mklami womqambi unohlobo lwefa le-polygenic, elilawulwa ngababili bezakhi zofuzo ezingezona ezokwembatha, okungukuthi, izinhlanganisela eziningi zababili zibhekene nabalingiswa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuzalela ezinesethi enjalo: lezi yiBandit, iBaldy, ikhanda leKarrot nabanye abaningi.

Emagqabini ohlobo lwe-albino, lapho kwenzeka khona iziphambano, kungabonakala isigaxa se-melanin bese kuthi umuntu omnyama ngokuphelele azalwe, kepha lo ngumbala ongazinzile futhi umbala ngeke usaphindwa esizalweni.

Ngakho-ke, kuze kube yilapho kuqondwe kahle inqubo yokuzala yokuzalwa kwama-melonts amabala, i-Eublefara Black Knight izoba yinto exotic ebizayo.

I-Afghan Eublefar

Ehlukweni olusemthethweni, ayizinkampani ezingaphansi kweSpotted, kepha abanye ososayensi basaqhubeka behlukanisa ngendlela ehlukile. Itholakala esifundeni eseningizimu nasenyakatho ye-Afghanistan nasezifundeni ezisenyakatho zePakistan. Imibala ephuzi yegolide iyabonakala imibala, ubukhulu besikhala bukhulu - cishe ama-20 cm.

ITurkmen eublefara

Ama-turbmenicus e-Eublepharis asatshalaliswa kabanzi ezindaweni eziseningizimu yeTurkmenistan nasenyakatho ye-Iran, kodwa manje asezisondele futhi asebhalwe ku-Red Book yamazwe omhlaba.

Izimpilo emadwaleni nasezandleni zaphansi ezinezihlahla ezomile, zivame ukukhetha imisele ebishiywa ezinye izilwane njengezindawo zokukhosela. Ubude bomzimba obonwe ngaphuzi onsundu kawufinyeleli ku-25 cm. Amamaki awalingani, awalingani ngesimo futhi anepende elimsobo.

Kusatshalaliswa ngoJulayi-Agasti, ku-clutch amaqanda amabili. Kuzo zonke ezinye izindlela, akuhlukile kune-Spotted Leopard Eublefar.

AmaTerrariums

Zingaba zincane kakhulu kumuntu oyedwa, ngokwesibonelo, zingama-35x35x35 cm, futhi isikhathi eside kufanele kube sezikhala ezimbili noma ezintathu, ngokwesibonelo, amasentimitha angama-35x35x65. Ungazihlelela zombili ngokuqondile nangokuqondile, kepha esimweni sokugcina, emashalofini ezinye izinto zokukhwela izilwane ezifuywayo.

Uma i-Eublefar itholwa ngumntwana, khona-ke ekuqaleni idinga ivolumu encane, ngesikhundla esikhulu izodideka futhi izizwe ingakhululekile, ngeke ikwazi ukuzingela ngokuphelele. Kepha ngemuva kokufinyelela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, kuyadingeka ukuthi adlulise isilwanyana amakamelo amakhulu, ngalesi sikhathi unesifiso sokuhamba nokuthuthukiswa kwezikhala ezintsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvusa ukukhula okusheshayo kwabantu.

Imodi yokushisa

I-Eublefar yisidlakela esinegazi elibandayo, kodwa ukuze ukudla emzimbeni wakhe kugaywe kahle, udinga ukufudumala. Isixazululo esizedlula zonke ukuhlinzekela ukufudumeza izingxenye ezingezansi ekhaya kusetshenziswa imbobo yokushisa (imichilo eshisayo) noma izintambo. Lezi zinto zithengiswa e-zoo.

Uma ungakwazi ukuthenga la madivaysi, ungafaka isomisi sezicucu ngaphansi kwethangi noma uyingcwabe ngaphansi kwefilayidi. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lapha akufanele lidlule +32 ºC, lingalawulwa ukuphakama kwenhlabathi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-thermometer ekhethekile yenhlabathi. Kwanele ukushisa ekhoneni elilodwa lethangi, okuthatha ingxenye yesithathu noma ikota yendawo ephelele.

Ekushiseni kwegumbi + 20 ... + 23 ºC ebusuku, ukufudumeza okuphoqelekile kungcono ukucima. I-gradient enjalo ijwayelekile kwizibungu futhi isiza kuphela ekuqiniseni amasosha omzimba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufinyelela ezinyangeni ezintathu zokuphila, ukufudumeza kufanele kusebenze njalo, futhi ezifuyweni ezindala kungavulwa kaningana ngosuku ukuze kugaywe ukudla.

Ukuhlelwa kwezindlu

Isilwane esifuywayo ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zethangi kufanele sibe nezindlu zokukhosela eziningana: endaweni efudumele - yokugaya ukudla, endaweni epholile - yokulala nokuphumula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga igumbi elimanzi, lapho i-Eublefar izoncibilika khona.

Igumbi lokuncibilikisa kufanele lifakwe endaweni efudumele, ngaphandle kwalokho isilwane singangena ekuphimiseni okungasasebenzi.

Izindlu zenziwa ngezinto ezahlukahlukene zemvelo nezokuhlobisa; ama-halves kakhukhunathi anezimbobo ezibaziweyo alungile kakhulu kulokhu.

I-Terrarium ngezansi filler

Izingubo zokugqoka ezisezingeni eliphakeme ziyathengiswa ezitolo zezilwane, ezilula kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa, futhi zihlanzwa kahle. Ungasebenzisa amarubhu ajwayelekile, kepha hhayi ngezitho zenjoloba.

Inhlabathi ibekwe phezu kwabo - ngesimo samatshe amakhulu namatshe amatshe. Into esemqoka ukuthi ungasebenzisi amajamo ayindilinga ajwayelekile osebeni lwemifula nolwandle. Izakhamizi zase-Eublefara nezindawo eziwugwadule azilungiswa ngenxa yokuhamba ezindaweni ezishelelayo, iminwe yazo kufanele ibambelele ebubini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu bezingxenyana kufanele bube bukhulu kangangokuba isilwane asikwazanga ukugwinya izakhi ngazinye.

Akunakusho ukuthi isihlabathi sizoqhamuka, izinkinga ngesistimu yokugaya ukudla kanye nokuphefumula kuzoqala ngokushesha. Okusho ukuthi, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi noma yimuphi umhlabathi ongashoni ubulala i-Eublefar futhi ungaholela ekuqothulweni ngokuphelele kwamathumbu kanye nepheshana lokuphefumula.

Izitsha zokuphuza

Izitsha zeflat ezinamanzi zisetshenziselwa bona, imithombo ayidingi, ama-Eublefars awawathandi amanzi agelezayo, awakaze awone endaweni yawo yendabuko. Kepha lezi zilwane ezifuywayo zithanda ukukhotha amaconsi, ngakho-ke, uma ufafaza ngamatshe nsuku zonke, khona-ke lowo ophuzayo angashiywa ngokuphelele.

Sebenzisa amanzi kangcono ngesilinganiso se-alkalinity ephezulu.

Isikhathi semini

Ukukhanya okungeziwe kwalezi zilwane zobusuku akudingekile. Ungafaka isibani esincane se-incandescent esincane (mhlawumbe esibonakalisiwe) ngesilinganiso esingadluli kuma-watts angama-40. Kufanele ikhanye ekhoneni elilodwa kuphela, ngaleyo ndlela kulingise ukushisa kwelanga. Ebusuku, isibani sicishiwe.

Isibani se-ultraviolet siyadingeka nakanjani, sisetshenziselwa ukuvikela ama-rickets futhi sikhanyelwa isikhashana, ngoba ukukhanya okukhanyayo akumnandi kakhulu kwizibungu, futhi kuyingozi nakuma-albino.

Umswakama

Izinga layo elilungile linga-50% noma kancane liphansi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandelela izinga ebusika nokushisa okuvuliwe, lapho umoya endlini womile ngokweqile. Ngemuva kwalokho izikhathi eziningana ngosuku ekhoneni elilodwa le-terrarium, inhlabathi kufanele ifafazwe. Okungcono kakhulu, faka igumbi elimanzi lapho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo ziyayithanda uma ikhona ekhoneni elifudumele, kanti ezinye zithanda indawo epholile.

Ekuqaleni, ungabeka ama-halves amabili kakhukhunathi ezindaweni ezihlukile, uncwilisa inhlabathi ngaphansi kwawo futhi ubone ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-Eublefar abalukhethayo.

Indawo enamanzi noma igumbi ibaluleke kakhulu kule lizard, kulapho kwenzeka khona ukunyibilika, okwenzeka kubantu abadala njalo ezinyangeni ezi-2, nasezinsizweni kabili ngenyanga. Uma isikhumba esidala singasitshulwanga ngokuphelele, khona-ke isilwane singalahlekelwa ukuzwa, Amehlo, iminwe. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuyihlolisisa nsuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, uma wonke amapharamitha ku-terrarium agcinwa kahle, khona-ke le nqubo nayo ingenzeka ngokungafanele kumnikazi, ngoba ama-Eublefars adla isikhumba esilahliwe ngaphandle komkhondo.

Ukuhlanza kuqala ngokubhoboza kanye nokuzenza mhlophe izingxenye ezithile zomzimba futhi, kahle, isikhumba siphuma emzimbeni we-lizard ngesitoko esisodwa. Uma iphuka futhi ingaphumi, khona-ke isilwane sidinga usizo - siyibambe ngaphansi komfudlana wamanzi afudumele bese ususa ngokucophelela inhlanganisela esele nge-swab yekotini.

Ukudla

Emvelweni, ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-Eublefars kwenziwa ngezinambuzane, yize zingakwenqabeli okunye ukudla okuphilayo. Ekhaya, fakela izinyoka lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Amakhethini athengwa kakhulu, ngoba atholakala kalula ngokuzimela, kanti nezinambuzane zigcwele ngokuhlanganiswa nezakhi zomzimba. Sebenzisa ama-brownies, ubhanana, onamabala amabili.
• Amachaphaza - amaTurkmen, imabula, izibungu zaseMadagascar.
• Izikelemu zeflour. Akuvamile ukuba zinikezwe, njengoba ziqukethe amanoni amaningi.

Phambilini, izinambuzane zaziphekwa ngemifino bese zigoqelelwa emithonjeni yevithamini yezidalwa ezidayiswayo (ezithengiswa ezitolo zezilwane) kanye ne-calcium powder.

Ngezikhathi ezithile, amagundane asanda kuzalwa anganikezwa njengekhambi elikhethekile.

Ama-Eublefars adla ukudla kwamaprotheni kuphela, awadingi ukudla kwemifino futhi ngeke akudle.

Inqubo yokondla ibhekwa njengeyona ndlela engcono kakhulu yokulambisa izibankwa futhi kungumsebenzi othokozisayo. Ukudla kunikezwa ngesandla noma ngama-tweezers. Kungakuhle ukuthi ungavumeli izinambuzane ziye e-terrarium ukuze kamuva zingasabalali zizungeze indlu noma isilwane singadli amatshe ngamatshe.

Elindela ingxenye yakhe, u-Eublefar uvame ukuma emilenzeni yakhe yangasemva futhi eshaya umsila wakhe ngokungakhathali.

Ehlobo unganikeza izintethe nezinkumbi, kepha udinga ukuqoqa lezi zinambuzane kude nomhlaba wezolimo, ukuze ungondli isilwane ngomanyolo nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo zamahlathi zivame ukutheleleka nge-helminth.

Uhlobo lokudla lwe-Eublefar lunje:

• Kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingama-30, izingane zondliwa kabili ngosuku, zinikeze ikhilikithi elilodwa.
• Kuze kube izinyanga ezintathu, ukondla okukodwa kwezinambuzane ezincane ezimbili kwanele.
• Kufika ezinyangeni eziyisithupha - zonke ezinye izinsuku, amakhethini amathathu amakhulu.
• Izikelemu eziphezulu zingondliwa amahlandla ama-2-3 ngeviki ngamakhethini amakhulu angama-3-5 ngokudla ngakunye.

Kungcono ukukhetha kulokhu kusihlwa noma ihora lesibili kusihlwa, izibankwa ngalesi sikhathi zisebenza kakhulu.

Ukuzalela nokunakekela izilwane ezincane

U-Euphlefara ufinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba ngezinyanga eziyi-9 ukuya kwezi-12. Abesilisa bakhulu kunabesifazane, banekhanda elikhudlwana nomsila onamandla.

Ama-Eublefars awakwazi ukugcinwa nezinye izilwane nezinye izinsikazi ezimbili ndawonye, ​​izimpi zasendaweni ezungezile ngeke zinqandwe. Abesifazane abaningi noma owesilisa namantombazane angama-2-10 bazwana kahle.

Uma kugcinwa owesilisa nowesifazane oyedwa, insikazi kakhulu ihlukunyezwa ngokuthandana kowesilisa futhi ngeke iphile iminyaka engaphezu kwemithathu.

Ekudingisweni, i-Eublefaras izalela kalula.Ukuvuselela ukukhula komzimba, ungaqala ngokulimaza izimo futhi ubangele ukucwaswa kwesikhashana, futhi ngemuva kokufudumala kancane kancane, imidlalo yokuphephisa iqala ngokushesha. Kepha ngokomqondo, ekhaya lokugqwayiza okumiswe okwesikhashana, izibankwa azinazo izimfanelo zokuqala, ngoba asikho isidingo saso isilwane.

Ukuze kuzalwe kuphumelele, owesilisa oyedwa futhi okungenani abesifazane abathathu babekwa ethangini elilodwa. Nwebisa amahora okukhanya kwelanga amahora angama-14-15, ukhuphule ukufudumala ku-28 ... + 30 ºC bese ukhulisa umswakama ufike kuma-60-80%.

Owesilisa, enakekela umlingani, uvame ukuhlola ukwakheka komoya nolimi lwakhe. Lapho isilungele ukukhula, umngane ukhipha ama-pheromones akhethekile emoyeni. Lapho-ke ukugoqeka kwesibaya somlomo wesibeletho kanye nokushaywa ngomusa ngamalambu ezinhlangothi zesifazane kuyaqala.

Isilinganiso sokukhulelwa esisodwa singaba ngamasonto amathathu, ehlobo elilodwa owesimame angenza imichilo kathathu kuya kane, lapho iqanda elilodwa noma amabili, awafihla emhlabathini. Kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ukuphakama kwanele.

Amaqanda mancane, aze afike ku-25 mm ubude futhi ambozwe ngegobolondo elithambile. Abazali abawulandeli ubumbano, bavele nje babuye bayongcwaba okusha.

Ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Kufika ku +26 ºC yemvelo kuzalwa abantu besifazane abaningi, ku +31.5 ºC izibalo zabesilisa ziyabakhona, ebangeni + 29 ... + 30 ºC inani elifanayo labafana namantombazane lizalwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinsikazi zithola ukuthambekela kwabesilisa futhi azikwazi ukuzala inzalo.

Izinsana zizalwa ubude obungu-6-8 cm, zinesisindo esingu-5-9 g futhi zinombala onsomi onsomi, imibala yabantu abadala ayiveli ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezingama-7-8.

Ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, ama-incubator avela ezitsheni zepulasitiki alungiswa okokuqala, ngesilinganiso se-0.15 sq.m. koyedwa. Kufika ezinganeni ezintathu kuya kwezine ubudala izingane zingagcinwa ndawonye ngokuphephile. Kuyinto elula ukusebenzisa amathawula wephepha kanye nama-napkin aminyene njengamachala ezitsheni; kulula ukuzishintsha. Umswakama ugcinwa uphezulu ngokufafaza njalo amanzi okugcotshwa ngebhodlela lokufafaza ngamanzi afudumele, njengoba kuye kufinyeleleke kuyeka njalo emavikini amabili - izikhala zikhula ngokushesha, isikhumba esidala siba sincane.

Ezinyangeni ezinhlanu, izingane kumele zenziwe kabusha. Owesilisa omncane angamfaka intokazi kalula, kepha akakakulungeli ukubeka.

Akudingekile ukukopisha abadala abancane kuma-eublefaras asebekhulile, bagijima engcupheni yokuchotshozwa abadala kuphela futhi basesimweni sokuxineka okungapheli. Kungcono ukwakha ama-terrariums amasha ngohlobo lwemindeni emincane yemvelo.

Amakhethini amancane namakhaza asayizi omkhulu kangangokuba izingane zingaginya ukudla asetshenziswa njengokudla.

Ukuvimbela ama-ricches ku-incubator, kufanele kuhlale kunesitsha se-calcium bese kukhanyiswe isibani se-ultraviolet kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili imizuzu embalwa.

Imvamisa ezimweni zokuthunjwa, isikhathi sokumatanisa se-Eublefars siyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi sithatha uNovemba-Mashi. Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi ingakha imfuhlumfutho eyishumi.

Izinkinga ezingaba khona

I-Eublefar idume kakhulu njengesilwane esivele simamatheka futhi sithakazelise kangangokuthi amakilabhu amaningi abathandi balezi zilwane ze-terrarium akhiwa emhlabeni. Umsebenzi wabo ubalulekile eRussia, ngoba bambalwa abadokotela bezilwane abasebenza ngezifo ezinegazi elibandayo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-Eublefar ayinakhohlisa futhi ivumelana nezimo zokuphila zesilwane, ukunakekelwa okungafanele kungadala izinkinga ezahlukahlukene:

• Amathikithi. Lesi sifo sezikhala sibangela ukuntuleka kwe-calcium. Kuvinjelwe ukudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwalesi sakhi nokusetshenziswa kwesibani se-ultraviolet e-terrarium. Ukwelashwa, i-calcium gluconate isetshenziswa ngendlela yetshezi, ifaka amaconsi amabili emlonyeni wesilazi nsuku zonke inyanga noma ezimbili.
• Ayiphumelelanga molt. Inkomba imvamisa iyisimo somsila. Kumuntu osemdala, u-Eublefar kumele abe oqinile futhi ophile kahle, kubantu abasha yena usevele, kodwa hhayi onobuhlalu.
  Ithiphu eyomile ikhombisa izinkinga. Kumele inqunywe ngokucophelela futhi iphathwe nge-Chlorhexedine noma i-Miramistin. Okusha kuzokhula ngokushesha.
  Imvamisa umsila ulahlwa emzuzwini wobungozi bese kuthi okusha okusha kukhule kube mfushane futhi bushelelezi.
• Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta. Kuvela amabala esikhunjeni sesidladla. Ukwelashwa, kungcono ukuxhumana nomtholampilo wezilwane.
• Helminthiasis. Cishe zonke izibankwa zingabathwali, kepha i-pathology yanda kuphela ngokucindezela okukhulu noma ukukhathala. I-Eublefar iyenqaba ukudla, umsila ulahlekelwe isisindo, ukhiphe iziwombe bese kuba nephunga elibi. Ukuze ulwe namagciwane, kusetshenziswa iReptiLife neProfender. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuba uthengise isilwane ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka seRegidron ukuvikela ukuphuma komzimba. Izinduku kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha kusuka e-terrarium ukugwema ukutheleleka kabusha, futhi indlu ngokwayo kufanele ibulawe amagciwane nsuku zonke ngamanzi ashisayo, isuse nezilwane ezifuywayo lapho. Amakhemikhali awadingi ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlanza.

Ngokuvamile, isimo somsila namehlo siyinkomba ebalulekile yempilo ye-Eublefar.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukubheka isihlalo sezilwane ezifuywayo. Kumuntu ophilile, uqukethe izingxenye ezintathu. Uwuketshezi umchamo, ukhipha imfucumfucu emnyama yiyona indle ngokwayo, kuthi ukukhanya kukhishwe usawoti owedlulele.

Incazelo

Ubude bomzimba ngomsila buvela ku-25 kuye ku-30 ​​cm, izinsikazi zincane. Umbala wangemuva uphuzi, grey-ophuzi noma mpunga. Izinhlangothi zilula, cishe zimhlophe. Izindawo ezincane ezimnyama zesimo esingajwayelekile zisakazeka engxenyeni engenhla yekhanda, ezindebeni, emuva nasemsileni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindandatho ezimbili noma ezintathu eziguqukayo zombala we-lilac kwesinye isikhathi ziyabonakala emsileni. Amawundlu anombala ohlukile: ocwebeni obukhanyayo, ocishe ube mhlophe, izindandatho ezibanzi ezimnyama zihamba wonke umzimba nomsila.

Enkululekweni, isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu besilisa yiminyaka eyisishiyagalombili nesishiyagalombili, yabesifazane abangashadile iminyaka emi-5-8, nabesifazane abahlale bezalanisa, iminyaka emi-3-4 [ umthombo awucacisiwe usuku ezingama-851 ]. Kumabaleki, isikhathi sokuphila kwama-eublefars sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-20.

Ukuzala

Finyelela ukuthomba lapho uneminyaka engu-9 kuye kweyi-12. Isikhathi sokuzala siqala ngemuva kokucwaswa. Ukufakwa kweqanda kwenzeka cishe emavikini ama-3-4 ngemuva kokukhwelana. E-clutch amaqanda ama-1-2. Kungaba nemifantu efinyelela ku-10 ngonyaka. Isikhathi sokufakwa sincike kakhulu emazingeni okushisa. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokushisa esilawulwayo, ama-hatch Hatch ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-40-65. Ubulili bamawundlu buye buya emazingeni okushisa. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-26 ° C, kuvela izinsikazi kuphela, futhi emazingeni okushisa angaphezulu kwama-31,5 ° C abesilisa abonakala kaningi. Emvelweni, ukugoqa kwenzeka kakhulu ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-90-100 [ umthombo awucacisiwe usuku ezingama-851 ]. Ama-Cub angama-80 kuye kuma-85 mm ubude futhi anesisindo esingu-2-3 g. Anombala onsundu ngemivimbo emhlophe. Eminyakeni engu-8 yobudala baba mdala ngemibala.

Igcinwe kalula futhi isakazwe ekudingisweni, izinhlobo eziningi zemibala ezingekho ngokwemvelo (morph) ziyabhulwa. Isilwane esidumile se-terrarium. Isondlo sidinga i-terarium yohlobo oluvundlile enobukhulu obungaphansi kusuka ku-40x30 cm, ifakwe ukushisa kwendawo kuze kufike ku-30. + 32 ° C, okokukhosela, isitsha sokuphuza. Enye yezindawo zokukhosela kufanele inyiswe nge-moss eluhlaza, ama-napkins, njll. Izinga lokushisa langemuva lingukushisa kwekamelo, cishe +23 .. + 25 ° C. Njengondlela, isebenzisa izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zezinambuzane zokuphakelayo - amakhethini, amaqhude, izibungu zikafulawa. Ama-Vitamin kanye nama-mineral feed additives ayadingeka kwizilwanyane, ngaphandle kwazo izifo zamathambo, isikhumba namehlo kukhula ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ezilwaneni ezisencane ezikhulayo.

Habitat

I-Leopard gecko, noma i-eublefar ebonakalayo ebonakalayo (Eublepharis macularius) Isatshalaliswa enyakatho nentshonalanga yeNdiya, ePakistan, eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Afghanistan kanye nasempumalanga ye-Iran. Ihlala emithambekeni onamatshe ezintaba eziphansi, cishe ezingenazo izimila, ezindaweni ezomile nezomile, ihola indlela yokuphila yobusuku nobusuku, icashe ngaphansi kwamatshe nasemihumeni phakathi nosuku.

I-Eublefar: Izici ze-gecko

I-eublefar esetshenzisiwe (i-Eublepharis macularis) noma i-lecard gecko ingeyomndeni obanzi waseGekkonidae (chubby-footed). Lolu hlobo lo mndeni olutholwe ngenxa yesici salo kulula ukuluhamba futhi luhole ngokuqondile mpo kunendlela yokuphila esekwe emhlabathini. Lokhu kungenxa yesakhiwo somzimba sokuphila salezi ezihuquzelayo namadivayisi ahlukile kwiminwe yabo.

I-eublefar ebushiwe ihlukaniswa umlingiswa ozolile kakhulu futhi okhalazayo, ohlanganiswa nokubukeka okuhle nokuntekenteke kakhulu. Isibungu sibheka umhlaba kube sengathi uyamamatheka. Akanalo nolaka, ngokushesha usejwayela umnikazi wakhe futhi akhombise imikhuba ethokozisayo.

Akunaphunga kuwo, awubangeli i-allergies. Ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zinamathele kumuntu kangangokuba zimane zibuze amapeni. Ekuseni, entendeni yesandla efudumele yomuntu, i-gecko ingaconsa. Futhi kubonakala sengathi usezohlanzeka njengekati.

Njengesilwane esifuywayo, i-eublefar kulula emindenini enezingane ezincane. Kulokhu, akufanele ngisho ucabange ngezinto ezinjena njengokuziluma noma okunye ukulimala okubangelwe umuntu wesilwane.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi emvelweni ayizilwane zasebusuku, ku-terrarium i-gecko isheshe isetshenziswe ukondla emini futhi ibonakala ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Ukubukeka

Ubude bomzimba weleopard gecko busuka ku-25 kuye ku-30 ​​cm, izinsikazi zincane. Umbala wangemuva uphuzi, grey-ophuzi noma mpunga. Izinhlangothi zilula, cishe zimhlophe. Izindawo ezincane ezimnyama zesimo esingajwayelekile zisakazeka engxenyeni engenhla yekhanda, ezindebeni, emuva nasemsileni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindandatho ezimbili noma ezintathu eziguqukayo zombala we-lilac kwesinye isikhathi ziyabonakala emsileni. Amawundlu anombala ohlukile: ocwebeni obukhanyayo, ocishe ube mhlophe, izindandatho ezibanzi ezimnyama zihamba wonke umzimba nomsila. Amafutha anqwabelana emsileni wale gecko, oyisiza ukuthi iphile isikhathi eside sesomiso.

Ukuziphatha Komphakathi Nokuzala

Lolu hlobo lwezikhonkwane lungumphakathi, luhlala ngamaqembu esilisa esisodwa nabesifazane abambalwa. Abesilisa bavikela ngenkuthalo insimu yabo kwabanye besilisa. U-Eublefara ufinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba eneminyaka eyi-9 kuye kweyi-12 izinyanga. Isizini yabo yokuzalanisa iqala emva kokucwaswa. Ukufakwa kweqanda kwenzeka cishe emavikini ama-3-4 ngemuva kokukhwelana. Kukhona amaqanda ama-1-2 kuphela ku-clutch, kepha kungaba khona imfuhlumfuhlu engafika ku-10 ngonyaka. Isikhathi sokufakwa sincike kakhulu emazingeni okushisa. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokushisa esilawulwayo, ama-hatch Hatch ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-40-65. Ubulili bamawundlu buye buya emazingeni okushisa. Emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwama-26 ° C, kuvela izinsikazi kuphela, futhi emazingeni okushisa angaphezulu kwama-31,5 ° C abesilisa abonakala kaningi. Ngokwemvelo, ukuluma kwenzeka kaningi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-90-100. Ama-Cubs aqhamuka ku-80 kuye ku-85 mm ubude futhi enesisindo esingu-2-3 g. Anombala onsundu ngemivimbo emhlophe. Eminyakeni engu-8 yobudala baba mdala ngemibala. Emvelweni, abesilisa bavame ukuhlala iminyaka engama-8-10, abesifazane abangashadile abaneminyaka engu-5-8 ubudala, nabesifazane abahlale bezala kuphela iminyaka engama-3-4. Kumabaleki, isikhathi sokuphila kwama-eublefars sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-20. Zithambisa kalula futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziqala ukuhlukanisa umniniyo kwabanye abantu.

Habitat

Indawo yokuhlala ye-eublefar ebonakalayo isuka e-Afghanistan, ePakistan iye entshonalanga neNdiya. Isibungu sithande ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinamadwala ezindaweni eziphansi phansi nasemahlabathini, kepha esivame ukutholakala esihlabathini esingaguquki. Ezindaweni eziwugwadule ezivulekile, isilwane sizizwa singakhululekile futhi siyazigwema.

Spotted eublefar yokuphila

Njengama-geckos amaningi, iqhawe lethu lihola indlela yokuphila yesikhathi sobusuku nobusuku, futhi ichitha usuku ezindaweni zokukhosela nasemiseleni. Isimo sobusuku bempilo yakhe sikhonjiswa ngamehlo anwebekile anezitshudeni eziqonde phezulu. Ngakho-ke, ungakhathazeki uma isilwane singakhombisi umsebenzi phakathi nosuku, futhi lapho silele endaweni yokukhosela noma sigibela endaweni evulekile ye-terarium, sifeyida ubuthongo. Ngokuqala kokuhlwa, i-eublefar izokhetha “ukuzingela”.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ama-eublefars abonakalayo ahlala emakholoni amancane aqukethe owesilisa nowesifazane abaningana. Indoda iduna ngokugada insimu yayo ekuhlaselweni yizimbangi.

Isikhathi sokuphila kwabesilisa endalweni yiminyaka engama-8-10, kwabesifazane abangashadile yiminyaka engu-5-8. Abesifazane, abahlale bezalela amaqanda, baphila okuncane kakhulu - iminyaka engama-3-4 kuphela.

Ekuthunjweni, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, i-eublefar ebonakalayo ingaphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20. Kunezimo lapho la makhaza ephila aze afike ku-30!

Ungayondla kanjani i-eublefar ebonakalayo?

Emvelweni, “izingwe” ngokuyinhloko zidla izinambuzane, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zingazuza ngezinhlobo zazo, ezincane kakhulu ngosayizi, izihlobo.

Ukudla okuthandayo kwama-eublefars abonakalayo ekhaya kungamakhethini (ama-brownies, ubhanana, onamabala amabili). I-Turkmen cockroach (Shelfordella tartara) nayo izibonakalise iyinto enhle yokuphakela, ngoba ithambile kakhulu futhi izala kalula, ngaphandle kokudinga izimo ezikhethekile. Ukuyidla, i-eublefar ize ifiphalaze iso lakhe ngobumnandi.

Ama-marble (Nauphoeta cinerea) kanye neMadagascar (Gromphadorhina portentosa) adliwa kahle. I-worm kafulawa (Tenebrio molitor) nayo ingafakwa ekudleni kwama-eublefars. Ngaphambi kokukhonza, kuyaluleka ukondla izinambuzane ngama-greens ahlukahlukene, bese ufafaza ngamavithamini wezilwane ezihuquzelayo noma i-calcium powder (lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokuzala). Abanye abantu ngeke benqabe amagundane abasanda kuzalwa, kodwa ngokuvamile akufanele banikezwe. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-checko iseyindawo yokuhlala yasendle engavikeleki. Izithelo ezahlukahlukene, amajikijolo kanye nezinye izimila azidli ama-eublefars anezici.

Ukondla i-gecko yengwe kuyajabulisa kakhulu. Kungcono ukwethula ukudla kuye ngezandla noma ngama-tweezers: ngale ndlela reptile ithola ingxenye yayo futhi ayigwinyi amatshe ngesikhathi sokuzingela, futhi uzoba nesiqiniseko sokuthi azikho izibungu ezingabalekela futhi ziphile impilo yasendle eflethini lakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho i-eublefar izokujabulela ukwamukela okuphakelayo okuhlongozwayo ngale ndlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla ngezandla kuzosheshisa inqubo yokubamba isilwane. "Ukuzingela" ukudla, i-gecko ikhuphuka emilenzeni eyeluliwe futhi ibambe umsila wayo kafushane.

Ehlobo, endaweni edla izikeleza, ama-Orthoptera ahlukahlukene avela emindenini yotshani (iTettigoniidae) nesikhonyane (Acrididae) angabanjwa. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe kusuka emasimini nasezivandeni zezolimo, ngoba izinambuzane zingafakwa ubuthi ngama-pesticides. Uma ukondla izintethe, bese uphula ikhanda lakho ngaphambi kokondla abantu abakhulu, ngoba izintethe zinemihlathi eqinile engalimaza isilwane sakho.

U-Eublefarov mdala kunonyaka unikezwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto. I-gecko endala ingadla isilinganiso samakhilikithi ayi-5 feed ngakunye.

Amaphethini wokondla abasebasha ahlukile. Ama-geckos amancane kakhulu aneminyaka engaphansi kwenyanga eyi-1 adliwa amahlandla ama-1-2 ngosuku - adinga ikhilikithi eyodwa kuphela kokudla okukodwa. Izilazi ezisukela ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-3 ubudala zondliwa kanye ngosuku - nikeza amakheli ama-2. Ngesikhathi sezinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyi-6, ama-eublefars ayondliwa njalo ngosuku - isilinganiso samakhilogremu amakhulu ngokudla ngakunye. Futhi ezilwaneni ezisukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni kwanele ukunika ukudla izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto ngenani lamakhethini amakhulu angama-3-4 ngasikhathi.

E-terrarium, kufanele kube nomuntu ophuza amanzi. Kuhle ukusebenzisa isidlo sePetri kuleli cala, elinemiphetho ephansi. Amanzi adinga ukuvuselelwa okungenani zonke ezinye izinsuku.

Ama-Eublefars angagcinwa womabili nangamabili. Akukaze kube ngaphansi kwezimo lapho abesilisa abaningana bebekwa ethangini elilodwa - kulokhu, izimpi zimane nje zingenakugwenywa. Bangayilwela insimu ye-eublefara kuze kufike ekufeni komunye wabancintisana nabo. Izibungu ngokwazo azinalo ulaka, kodwa kuphela endaweni, azibekezeleli abantu ongabazi. Uma ufuna ukuqukethe i-gecko engaphezu kweyodwa, kungcono ukuthenga owesilisa nowesifazane abaningana. Njengoba abesilisa benothando olukhulu kakhulu, kunconywa ukuthi ungahlali nentombi eyodwa ne-gecko, okungenani okungenani ezimbili. Uzohlala ethusa "unkosikazi" wakhe yedwa ngokuhlukumezeka kwakhe. Ngendlela, lapho izimo ezithile zakhiwa, i-eublefara ichuma kalula ekudingisweni.

Kumuntu oyedwa, i-terrarium engu-40x40x40 cm yanele, ngababili - 60 x 40 × 40 cm, futhi neqembu lezikhala ezintathu kuya kweziyisikhombisa - 100 × 40x40 cm.Njengoba ama-eublefars evame kakhulu ukuzungeza komhlaba, ukuphakama kwe-terrarium kungaba phansi ngisho nangaphansi - 35 cm

I-terrarium iyanconywa ukusebenzisa ingilazi kunokuba ipulasitiki, njengoba ingwe izoyikhahlela ngemichilo yayo futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ipulasitiki izothuthuka. I-terrarium kufanele ingene ingene kahle ngeminyango evala ngokuqinile.

Ukushisa kufanele kugcinwe ku-27-31 ° C, futhi ekhoneni elibandayo kakhulu le-terrarium izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu-24 ° C.

Njengabashisi be-infrared, kungaba yisibani se-infrared noma intambo yokushisa noma itshe, noma kunjalo ukukhetha kungafakwa isibani sokushisa.

Umswakama egumbini elinezikhala ungasukela ku-40 kuye ku-55%. Itholakala ngokufafaza noma ngokubeka isitsha sokuphuza ku-terrarium, enendawo enkulu engezansi. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilikisa kwama-lizt umswakama udinga ukwanda. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukubeka i-rag emanzi eligoqiwe amahlandla ama-2-3 ku-terrarium. Izilwane kwesinye isikhathi zilele kukho ukuze zithobe isikhumba esidala.

Kubaluleke kakhulu kokuqukethwe kwe-eublefar ebonakalayo ukukhanyisa. Qiniseka ukuthi ufake isibani se-ultraviolet (ngokwesibonelo, uHagen "Repti Glo 5.0").

Njengoba i-eublefar iyinhlobo yobusuku be-gecko, phakathi nosuku izodinga indawo yokukhosela. Njengoba kunje, izingcezu ezilungiswe kahle zamagxolo, amatshe, amashubhu woqalo kufanelekile. Futhi, igumbi lomswakama lingasebenza njengesiphephelo - ngokwesibonelo, ibhodwe le-ceramic elinoqwembe noma isitsha sokudla, odongeni oludingayo ukuze ushaye isigaqa sakho.

Eublefara ngezikhathi ezithile molt. Ekuqaleni ziqala ukufiphala, bese zimhlophe ngokuphelele. Lapho ikhanda liphenduka libe mhlophe ngasesipheni sekhala, ibhungane liqala ukukhipha isikhumba esidala ngokwaso, ngaphansi kwalo selivele libonakala lilisha futhi likhanya. Inqubo yonke yokuncibilikisa ingathatha amahora angama-2-3. Ukuhlanza kuyaphumelela kumswakama ophezulu. Uma umswakama e-terrarium ungaphakeme ngokwanele, ukunyibilika akunampilo (emsileni, emzimbeni nase minwe), futhi lokhu kuyingozi ikakhulukazi. Isikhumba esidala esisele, lapho somile, sidonswa ndawonye, ​​kungaholela ekufeni kwesilwane. Uma ngisho nezinhlayiya ezincane zesikhumba esidala zihlala, udinga ukungenela opharetha wethala, thambisa izinsalela zesikhumba esidala ngombala bese uzisusa. Ngokwesilinganiso, ama-eublefar molt amancanyana abonwa njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-25.

Indlu ye-eublefara ingahlotshiswa ngezitshalo eziphilayo - izosiza nokugcina umswakama.

Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi kufanele futhi kuthathwe ngokungathí sina - isihlabathi asilungele le nhloso, ngoba uthuli, ukuwa kanye nesihlabathi, lungadala izingqinamba ezinhlelweni zokuphefumula nezokugaya ukudla kwesilokazana. Amatshe amnandi ngeke asebenze futhi - ama-eublefars ahlala egwinya amatshe amancane. Udinga ukusebenzisa amatshe ayikhulu kangako ukuthi i-gecko ayikwazanga ukuwagwinya. Phansi kweTerrarium, ungabeka notshani beplastikhi bokulingisa obumbeke.

Beka okungenani itshe elilodwa elikhulu futhi, uma kunokwenzeka, i-driftwood kudoti. Itshe elifudumele emini, izibankwa zizokuzifudumeza ebusuku, bese ziba on the snag ngesikhathi molting. Shiya umgoqo ngegxolo, ngoba ama-eublefars aqondile, ngaphandle kweminwe yamaphalaji enwetshiwe enozipho ongawavumeli ukuthi akhuphuke ezindaweni ezishelelayo. Uma ufuna ukubulala amagciwane kanye nesibulala-magciwane, gxibha umgoqo ngamanzi abilayo bese uphatha ngesixazululo se-potanganum permanganate. Uma kungekho ukushisa okwanele, ama-geckos azokhwela esibayeni eduze kwe-bulb ekhanyayo.

Ama-Eublefars ayizilwane ezihlanzekile, akhetha enye yamakhonkolo wethoyilethi futhi ayoya lapho njalo, okuyiqiniso, elenza impilo ibe lula ngethafa. Okokuhlanza, sekwanele ukubuyisela amatshe angcolile kule ndawo namasha.