Ihlengethwa elinombala omhlophe lingelamahlengethwa avela ezinhlafunweni. Lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi i-dolphin yaseChile, ngoba itholakala kuphela ogwini lwaseChile. Abantu bendawo bayibiza ngeTunin (Tonin). Ukugcotshwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwalezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo kubonwa emanzini asuka ogwini olusogwini lweValparaiso kuya eCape Horn. Abamele izinhlobo zezilwane bathanda ukuhlala ekujuleni okungashisi okungamamitha ayi-200. Bazithanda nezigcawu. Kulezi zindawo bakhangwa amaza olwandle.

Incazelo

Ubude bomzimba abudluli ku-170 cm ngesisindo sama-25-75 kg. Isigaxa siyisiphukuphuku, umzimba usisitofu. Likhulu kangangokuba i-girth kwesinye isikhathi ifinyelela izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zobude. Dorsal fin kanye namapheshana amancane. Emlonyeni, kunamazinyo angama-34 amazinyo emhlathini ongenhla, kanye nama-33 emhlathini ophansi.

Umbala uphelile. Isisu, umphimbo kanye nesisekelo semifantu kumhlophe. Ikhanda, emuva nezinhlangothi kuyingxube yama-grey grey. Lezi zilwane zinomphakathi. Bahlala ngamaqembu, inani lakhona lingadluli kubantu abayishumi. Imihlambi emikhulu iyivelakancane.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Kuncane okwaziwayo ngokuzalwa kwale nhlobo. Ukuthomba kubantu besifazane nabesilisa kwenzeka eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kweli-9. Izinsikazi zakha inzalo kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-10-12. Ingane eyi-1 izelwe. Akwaziwa ukuthi i-lactation ihlala isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi isikhathi esingakanani ihlengethwa lihlala nonina. Endle, ihlengethwa elinombala omhlophe lihlala iminyaka engaba ngu-20.

Ulwazi oluvamile

Le nhlobo ifundwe kabi. Kuyinto engapheli emanzini asogwini lwaseChile futhi ayifuduki. Inombolo ngqo ayaziwa. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunabamele izinkulungwane zezinkulungwane. Kodwa-ke, abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi amahlengethwa anombala omhlophe mncane kakhulu.

Kufanele kuthiwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka edlule le nhlobo yabizwa ngokuthi “dolphin emnyama”, yize kungekho zithunzi zimnyama ngombala wayo. Lokhu kungachazwa iqiniso lokuthi ochwepheshe babona kuphela abantu abafile bephonswa ogwini. Isikhumba sabo, ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya, saba mnyama. Olwandle oluvulekile ekude, amahlengethwa anombala omhlophe nawo abonakala emnyama.

Kepha kwathi lapho kufundwa le nhlobo, kwavela ukuthi isikhumba salezi izilwane ezincelisayo zapendwa ngengxube yamathoni grey, kanti isisu ngokujwayelekile sasimhlophe. Ngakho-ke kwaqhamuka igama elithi "dolphin elimhlophe", lanikezwa indawo le, ibizwa nangokuthi "dolphin waseChile".

Lesi sizwe sivikelwe nguMhlangano Wokuvikelwa Kwezinhlobo Ezifudukayo Zezilwane Zasendle. Isimo sakhe sihlaziywa sisondele njengombuso osengozini. Ukulondolozwa kwalokhu kubukeka okuyingqayizivele kuncike ekubambisaneni kwamanye amazwe kanye nezenzo ezikhethekile zomthetho.

Amahlengethwa omfula

Amazonia Inia (Inia geoffrensis)

p, blockquote 4,0,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 5,0,0,0,0 ->

Ubude obujwayelekile bamahlengethwa aseMfuleni i-Amazon acishe abe ngamamitha ayi-2. Avela kuyo yonke imithunzi epinki: ukusuka ku-grey-pink okhanyayo kuya ku-pink-pink no-pink okhanyayo, onjenge-Flamesos. Lokhu kuguqulwa kombala kungenxa yobumsulwa bamanzi ahlala dolphin. Amnyama amanzi, akhanya isilwane. Imisebe yelanga ibenza balahlekelwe ngumbala opinki. Amanzi acwebile ase-Amazon avikela umthunzi okhanyayo wale dolphin.

p, blockquote 6.0,0,0,0,0 ->

Lezi zilwane, lapho zijabule, ziguqula imibala yazo yomzimba ibe pinki elikhanyayo. Kunokwehluka okuningana kwe-anatomical phakathi kwamahlengethwa oMfula i-Amazon nezinye izinhlobo zamahlengethwa. Isibonelo, abakwa-inii baphenduka izintamo zabo eceleni, ngenkathi izinhlobo eziningi zamahlengethwa zinqunyelwa leli thuba. Lo mkhakha, ohlanganiswe nekhono labo lokudlulela phambili nge-Fin eyodwa futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukuhlehla ngenye i-Fin, usiza amahlengethwa ukudlulela ngasemfuleni. La mahlengethwa empeleni abhukuda anqamula ezweni eligcwele izikhukhula, futhi ukuguquguquka kwawo kuyawasiza ukuba azungeze izihlahla. Isici esingeziwe esibahlukanisa kwezinye izinhlobo zamazinyo abukeka njengama-molars. Ngosizo lwabo, bahlafuna imifino enamafutha. Izinwele ezinjengeBristle emaphethelweni obuso bazo ziyasiza ekufuneni ukudla emfuleni ongcolile.

p, blockquote 7,0,0,0,0 ->

Amagange (Platanista gangetica)

p, blockquote 8,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 9,0,0,0,0 ->

Le taupe dolphin inekhanda nobuso obungajwayelekile. Amehlo abo amancanyana afana nezimbobo ezilinganiswe ngamaphini angenhla nje kokuphela komugqa womlomo wawo ongene ngaphakathi. Amehlo awasasebenzi ngalutho, la mahlengethwa acishe abe yizimpumputhe futhi anquma kuphela umbala nokukhanya okukhanyayo.

p, blockquote 10,0,0,0,0 ->

Isigaxa eside, esincanyana silinganiswe ngamazinyo amaningi abukhali, akhonjwe emnwebeni aze abonakale ngaphandle komlomo. I-dorsal fin inokubukeka kwe-hump encane engunxantathu, isisu siyindilinga, okunikeza amahlengethwa ukubukeka okunesitoko. Amaphethelo angunxantathu, makhulu futhi abanzi, anonqenqemeni lwangemuva lwangaphansi. Amaphethelo umsila nawo makhulu futhi abanzi.

p, blockquote 11,0,0,0,0 ->

Ama-dolphin akhula afinyelela ku-2,5 m futhi anesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-90, izinsikazi zikhulu ngokulingene kwabesilisa.

p, blockquote 12,0,0,0,0 ->

I-La Plata Dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei)

p, blockquote 13,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 14,0,0,0,0 ->

Imvamisa kutholakala ezindaweni ezisogwini eningizimu-ntshonalanga Melika. Leli lungu lomndeni wamahlengethwa omfula ukuphela kwento eziphilayo ezihlala endaweni yasolwandle. IDolphin La Plata ingabonakala ezifundeni nasezintabeni zamanzi asogwini, lapho amanzi kasawoti.

p, blockquote 15,0,0,0,0 ->

IDolphin inomlomo omude kakhulu maqondana nosayizi womzimba kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni wamahlengethwa. Kubantu abadala, uqhwaku lungafinyelela ku-15% wobude bomzimba. Ingenye yamahlengethwa amancane kunazo zonke, izilwane ezindala ezinobude obuyi-1.5 m.

p, blockquote 16,0,0,0,0 ->

I-La Plata dolphins irowu emanzini hhayi ngamaphinifa we-pectoral, kodwa ngamaphiko amade. Ama-dolphin ama-Female La Plata afinyelela ekukhulelweni kweminyaka yobudala emine, kuthi ngemuva kwesikhathi sokukhulelwa izinyanga eziyi-10 kuya kwezi-11 aqale azale eneminyaka yobudala emihlanu. Banesisindo esingama-50 kg (abesilisa nabesifazane) futhi bahlala ngemvelo isilinganiso seminyaka engama-20.

p, blockquote 17,0,1,0,0 ->

Amahlengethwa olwandle

Okuvamile-Ikhokhisiwe (iDelphinus capensis)

p, blockquote 18,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 19,0,0,0,0 ->

IDolphin ngemuva kokuvuthwa okugcwele ifinyelela kubude obufika ku-2.6 m futhi inesisindo esingama-230 kg, kuyilapho abesilisa besinda futhi bade kunezinsikazi. Lawa mahlengethwa anomhlane omnyama, isisu esimhlophe ophuzi, izinhlangothi zegolide noma ezimpunga ezilandela ukwakheka kwengilazi yehora.

p, blockquote 20,0,0,0,0 ->

I-dorsal fin ende ebukhali etholakala cishe maphakathi mva, umlomo omude (njengoba igama lisho) ifakwe amazinyo amancane abukhali.

p, blockquote 21,0,0,0,0 ->

Umgqomo omhlophe we-Dolphin-white (Delphinus delphis)

p, blockquote 22,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 23,0,0,0,0 ->

Unombala ohehayo. Emzimbeni kunamaphethini wombala omnyama grey, owemboza ngesimo se-V ngaphansi kwesiqeshana se-dorsal nhlangothi zombili zomzimba. Izinhlangothi zinsundu noma ziphuzi ngaphambili futhi zingwevu emuva. Umhlane wedolphin umnyama noma onsundu, kanti isisu salo simhlophe.

p, blockquote 24,0,0,0,0 ->

Abesilisa bade ngakho-ke banzima kunabesifazane. Isisindo kufika ku-200 kg futhi afike ku-2.4 m ubude. Emlonyeni kunamazinyo angafika kwangama-65 engxenyeni ngayinye yomhlathi, okwenza kube yisilwane ezincelisayo ngenani elikhulu kakhulu lamazinyo.

p, blockquote 25,0,0,0,0 ->

I-White-bellied Dolphin (i-Cephalorhynchus eutropia)

p, blockquote 26,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 27,0,0,0,0 ->

Ubude balezinhlobo ezincane zamahlengethwa bubalelwa ku-1.5-1,8 m kumuntu omdala. Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane nokwakheka kwalawa mahlengethwa, kwesinye isikhathi ayadideka ngama-porpoises.

p, blockquote 28,0,0,0,0 ->

Umbala womzimba uyinhlanganisela yemithunzi ehlukahlukene empunga emnyama enombala omhlophe ozungeze amathafa nesisu.

p, blockquote 29,0,0,0,0 ->

Inika amandla ukukhomba futhi ihlukanise kwezinye izinhlobo zamahlengethwa: uqhwaku olufushane ngokusobala, izifutho eziyindilinga kanye ne-dorsal fin eyindilinga.

p, blockquote 30,0,0,0,0 ->

I-dolphin ende-snouted (Stenella longirostris)

p, blockquote 31,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 32,0,0,0,0 ->

Ama-dolphin aziwa njengama-acrobats anekhono phakathi kwezihlobo (amanye amahlengethwa kwesinye isikhathi ajikeleza emoyeni, kodwa kuphela kwezinguquko ezimbalwa). Le dolphin ebilokhu ikhishwa isikhathi eside ihlala olwandle olusempumalanga yePacific, yenza izinguquko eziyisikhombisa zomzimba ngokugxuma okukodwa, iqale ukugeleza emanzini ngaphambi kokuba ikhuphuke ngaphezu komhlaba, futhi igxume ifinyelele kumamitha amathathu emoyeni, iqhubeke njalo ngaphambi kokubuyela emuva ulwandle.

p, blockquote 33,0,0,0,0 ->

Onke amahlengethwa amade anezindebe ezinde, ezacile, umzimba omncane, izimbotshana ezincane ezicijile ezinezeluleko eziveziwe kanye ne-high dorsal fin dorsal ephezulu.

p, blockquote 34,0,0,0,0 ->

I-dolphin enamakhanda amhlophe (iLagenorhynchus albirostris)

p, blockquote 35,1,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 36,0,0,0,0 ->

Ihlengethwa eliphakathi nendawo lihlala ngasenyakatho nasempumalanga nasentshonalanga ye-Atlantic, linomzimba omningi onobude obungu-2-3 m futhi unobunzima obufika kuma-360 kg uma selukhule ngokugcwele.

p, blockquote 37,0,0,0,0 ->

Njengoba igama libonisa, le dolphin yabiza igama layo ngomlomo wayo omfishane omhlophe omuncu. Ingxenye yayo engenhla imnyama. Ihlengethwa linamaphiko amnyama namachilo amnyama. Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba imhlophe no-ayisikhilimu. I-white streak idlula ngaphezulu kwamehlo eduze kwamaphiko kuya emuva naphaya emuva kwe-dorsal fin.

p, blockquote 38,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Coarse Tooth Dolphin (i-Steno bredanensis)

p, blockquote 39,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 40,0,0,0,0 ->

Kubukeka kungajwayelekile, amahlengethwa angaphandle awakudala impela, acishe afane namahlengethwa ase-prehistoric. Isici esiyingqayizivele ikhanda elincane. Leli kuphela ihlengethwa elikhokhiswa isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwesibalo esibonakalayo phakathi koqhwaku nebunzi. Uqhwaku lude, lumhlophe, lushelela ebunzini elithambekele. Umzimba umnyama ngampunga omnyama. Emuva ngimpunga okhanyayo. Isisu esimhlophe kwesinye isikhathi ngokuthinta pinki. Umzimba unamachashaza amhlophe angalingani.

p, blockquote 41,0,0,0,0 ->

Amapheshana mide futhi makhulu, inhlawulo yendawo ephakeme iphakeme futhi “inethambo” noma igobile.

p, blockquote 42,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Bottlenose dolphin (i-Tursiops truncatus)

p, blockquote 43,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 44,0,0,0,0 ->

Ngokomuntu, cishe wonke amahlengethwa angama-dolphin ama-botnose. Zibonakala kakhulu zonke izinhlobo ngenxa yamafilimu nemibukiso yethelevishini. Njengomthetho, laba bakhulu, bangabantu abakhulu abenegrey emnyama emuva nesisu esimpunga. Zinezindebe ezimfishane futhi ezinde futhi zinomlomo okhangayo obukeka njengamahlengethwa amomotheka - isici esingesihle uma ucabanga ukuthi le "ukumamatheka" ikhange kanjani amahlengethwa omkhakha "wokuzijabulisa". Ukufakelwa kanye namamaki kwipheshini le-dorsal kwehlukile njengezandla zeminwe yabantu.

p, blockquote 45,0,0,0,0 ->

Ubuso obubanzi (i-Peponocephala electra)

p, blockquote 46,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 47,0,0,0,0 ->

Umzimba obunjwe nge-torpedo nekhanda lobuciko lilungele ukubhukuda okusheshayo. Uqhwaku alukho, ikhanda liyindilinga elithambile futhi lihlotshiswe ngamamaki amhlophe ezindebeni nakuma “maski” amnyama azungeze amehlo - izici ezithandekayo zalezi zilwane. Amachaphaza obumba obunjwebu be-Arc, amaphiko akhombe kanye nezinsephe ezibanzi ze-caudal, imizimba enemibala yensimbi ine "capes" emnyama ngaphansi kwamaphiko e-dorsal kanye namabala amabala asuswini.

p, blockquote 48,0,0,0,0 ->

IsiShayina (Sousa chinensis)

p, blockquote 49,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 50,0,0,0,0 ->

Onke amahlengethwa e-humpback anemali encane engunxantathu ku-hump. Zonke "amahlengethwa" ama-humpbacked "ziyafana." Kepha inhlobo yase-China ine "hump" ehluke kakhulu kunabazala bayo base-Atlantic, kodwa icace ngokwedlula ama dolphin ase-Indo-Pacific nase-Australia.

p, blockquote 51,0,0,0,0 ->

Ubude bekhanda nomzimba kungama-120-280 cm, kuze kufike ku-140 kg ngesisindo. Imihlathi emincane emincane igcwele ngamazinyo, amaphiko amakhulu e-caudal (cm cm), ithambo lomgogodla (15 cm ukuphakama) namaphayi we-pectoral (30 cm). Ngombala, amahlengethwa ansundu, ampunga, amnyama ngaphezulu futhi aphuzi ngaphansi. Eminye imihlobiso ingahle ibe mhlophe, ibala, noma ithambe. Ngezinye izikhathi abizwa nangokuthi ama-Pink Dolphins.

p, blockquote 52,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Irrawaddy (Orcaella brevirostris)

p, blockquote 53,0,0,1,0 ->

p, blockquote 54,0,0,0,0 ->

Akunobunzima bokuthola dolphin. Uhlobo lwe-Irrawaddy lunekhanda elibonakala ngokushesha, eliyisiyingi elinomunyu nesihloko ngaphandle komlomo. Izilwane zibukeka njengama-belugas, kuphela nge-dorsal fin. Ukuzwakala kwesihlakala kunikezwa izindebe zabo ezinyakazayo kanye namagobolondo asezintanjeni, amahlengethwa angahambisa amakhanda awo kuzo zonke izinkomba. Zimpunga emzimbeni wonke, kepha zilula esiswini. I-dorsal fin incane, amafifaza mide futhi makhulu, anemiphetho yangaphambili egobile kanye nemikhawulo eyindilinga, imisila nayo inkulu.

p, blockquote 55,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Cruciform (i-Lagenorhynchus cruciger)

p, blockquote 56,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 57,0,0,0,0 ->

Imvelo yenza umaki ohlukile ezinhlangothini zesilwane ngesimo se-hora. Umbala oyisisekelo wale dolphin umnyama (isisu esimhlophe), ohlangothini ngalunye lomzimba kukhona umucu omhlophe (oqala ngemuva komlomo uye ngakwesokudla kumsila), odonsa ngaphansi kwesiqobelo se-dorsal, udala ukubonakala kwethambeka lehora. Ama-dolphin nawo anama-fins avele ngokuma, afane ngesimo esifana negwegwe kusisekelo esibanzi. Lapho imali igoba kakhulu emuva, umuntu uba mdala.

p, blockquote 58,0,0,0,0 ->

I-Killer whale (i-Orcinus orca)

p, blockquote 59,0,0,0,0 ->

p, blockquote 60,0,0,0,0 ->

Ama-killer whales (yebo, yebo, angawomndeni wamahlengethwa) amakhulu kunawo futhi angabanye babahlaseli abanamandla kakhulu emhlabeni. Babonakala ngokushesha ngombala wabo omnyama nomhlophe: ibala elimnyama elingaphezulu nebala elimhlophe elimhlophe, ibala elimhlophe ngemuva kwamehlo nasemahlombe, “indawo yesihlalo sehhashi” ngokushesha ngemuva kwecala ledeshi. Ohlanzekile futhi onobungane, imikhomo ebulala ihlasela imisindo ehlukahlukene yokuxhumana, futhi ihlaya ngalinye licula amanothi ahlukile amalungu alo aqaphela ngisho nakude. Basebenzisa i-echolocation ukuxhumana nokuzingela.

p, blockquote 61,0,0,0,0 ->

Ukuzalaniswa kweDolphin

Amahlengethwa, izitho zangasese zitholakala emzimbeni ophansi. Abesilisa baneziqeshana ezimbili, enye ifihla iphenti kanti enye imbuthano. Owesifazane unegebe elilodwa eliqukethe isitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nowesifazane. Izindawo ezimbili zobisi zitholakala kuzo zombili igebe lobufazi.

p, blockquote 62,0,0,0,0 ->

Ukuqanjwa kwe-Dolphin kwenzeka ngesisu kuya esiswini, isenzo sifushane, kepha singaphindwa kaninginingi ngesikhathi esifushane. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa kuncike ezinhlotsheni, kumahlengethwa amancane lesi sikhathi cishe siyizinyanga eziyi-11 ukuya ku-12, kumikhomo ebulalayo - cishe singu-17. Ngokuvamile amahlengethwa azala ikonyana elilodwa, okuthi, ngokungafani nezinye izilwane eziningi ezincelisayo, ezimeni eziningi zizalwa ngomsila phambili. AmaDolphins enza ucansi esemncane, noma engakafiki eminyakeni yokufikisa, okuncike ezinhlotsheni nasebulilini.

p, blockquote 63,0,0,0,0 ->

Ngabe adlani amahlengethwa?

p, blockquote 64,0,0,0,0 ->

Inhlanzi ne-squid kungukudla okuyinhloko, kepha imikhomo ebulalayo idla ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle futhi ngezinye izikhathi inyamazane ngemikhomo emikhulu kunayo.

p, blockquote 65,0,0,0,0 ->

Indlela yokondla imfuyo: amahlengethwa agxilisa isikole sezinhlanzi ngesibalo esincane. Ngemuva kwalokho, amahlengethwa adla izinhlanzi ezimangele. Indlela yetral: amahlengethwa ajaha izinhlanzi emanzini angajulile ukwenza kube lula ukubamba. Ezinye izinhlobo zishaya izinhlanzi zazo ngemisila yazo, ziyadonsa futhi zidle. Abanye bagxoba izinhlanzi emanzini futhi babambe inyamazane emoyeni.

p, blockquote 66,0,0,0,0 ->

Izitha zemvelo zamahlengethwa

Ama-dolphin anezitha ezimbalwa zemvelo. Ezinye izinhlobo noma izakhamizi ezithile azinazo, ziphezulu esicini sokudla. Oshaka abakhulu babamba izinhlobo ezincane zamahlengethwa, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezincane. Ezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu zamahlengethwa, ikakhulukazi imikhomo yokubulala, nazo ziyaphanga kumahlengethwa amancane, kepha lezi yizimo ezingandile.

p, blockquote 67,0,0,0,0 ->

Ubudlelwano babantu namahlengethwa

p, blockquote 68,0,0,0,0 ->

Amahlengethwa adlala indima ebalulekile emasikweni esintu. Izinganekwane zamaGrikhi zikhuluma ngazo. Ama-dolphin abalulekile kumaMinoans, ahlulela imininingwane yobuciko evela esigodlweni esachithekile eKnossos. Enganekwaneni yamaHindu, dolphin ihlotshaniswa namaGanges, unkulunkulu woMfula iGanges.

p, blockquote 69,0,0,0,0 ->

Kepha abantu abagcini nje ngokuthanda lezi zidalwa, kodwa futhi bazibhubhise, zibangele ukuhlupheka.

p, blockquote 70,0,0,0,0 -> p, blockquote 71,0,0,0,1 ->

Ukudoba okushubile kanye nama-gillnets ngokungazelele kubulala amahlengethwa. Kwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, njengeJapan kanye nesiQhingi saseFarae, ngokwesiko amahlengethwa abhekwa njengokudla, futhi abantu bawazingela ngesifutho.

I-White-bellied / Cephalorhynchus eutropia

Kunombono omuhle eceleni kogu lwaseChile, yingakho ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi dolphin yaseChile. Akakhuli ngaphezu kuka-170 cm ubude, kanti nomzimba usisitofu.

Ingxenye yomphimbo, isisu nengxenye engezansi yamaphiko imhlophe, kepha ingemuva kanye nezinhlangothi zombala ojwayelekile onsomi. Abantu bendawo bayibiza ngeTunina. Uhlobo olunqabile lwezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle zibhalwe ku-Red Book.

Lokhu futhi kuyizinhlobo ezifundwe kabi kakhulu.Ososayensi abakwazi ngisho ukunquma ngokunembile usayizi wabantu.

I-Variegated / Cephalorhynchus

Ihlengethwa lethu, elitholakala kuphela kwi-Southern Hemisphere, livula uhlu lwethu ku- most-be).ru Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezine. Abadala bafinyelela ku-180 cm, futhi banesisindo kusuka ku-30 ​​kuye ku-85 kg.

Anombala omnyama nomhlophe ohlukile. Babonakala ngokudlalwa, kuselula kakhulu. Zivame ukubonwa zibhukuda ngokushesha endaweni yamanzi futhi ziyagxuma ziphuma emanzini. Imvamisa kugcinwa emihlambini emincane yabantu abangu-2-8.

Olunye uhlobo lweCephalorhynchus commersonii labizwa ngegama lesazi sezokwelapha saseFrance uPilibert Commerson. Wayengowokuqala ngo-1767 ukuchaza uhlobo olusha.

I-Dolphin squirrel / Delphinus delphis

Amahlane alezi zidalwa zasolwandle aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma amnyama. Imicu iyagijima emaceleni. Ukubukeka kunqume igama elejwayelekile.

Ungahlangana nabo e-Atlantic nase-Pacific Ocean. Bakhethe i-latitude eshisayo, kepha amanzi apholile ayabhukuda. Zikhula zibe ngama-240 cm ubude, futhi zinesisindo kusuka ku-60 kuye kuma-80 kg.

Bondla izinhlanzi, kanye nama-cephalopods. Lezi yizona ezihamba phambili kunazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo. Banamazinyo angama-240. Muva nje, kuye kwatholakala uhlobo olusha lwamahlengethwa dolphin amnyama

Ukuvela kwehlengethwa elimhlophe elimhlophe

Amahlengethwa anombala omhlophe aphakathi kwama-cetaceans amancanyana akhona namuhla emhlabeni. Ubude bomzimba ojwayelekile walesi silwane bufika ku-170 cm.

I-dolphin emhlophe-belled (Cephalorhynchus eutropia).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, la mahlengethwa anesihlwathi esingenakuphikwa, esizenza zifane ngokubukeka njengakhileyo ekujuleni kolwandle njengengulube yegagasi - zivame ukudideka izibukeli ezingenalwazi. Ukwakheka komzimba dolphin omhlophe kunamasheya, ububanzi besilwane buvame ukuba yi-2/3 yobude bomzimba wonke. Okusho ukuthi, ngaphandle kwehlengethwa okunje kubukeka ukondleke kahle futhi kungathi uyindilinga. Amasayizi amafishane kanye namachaphaza asemzimbeni ngokwesilinganiso somzimba mancane kakhulu kunamanye amanye amahlengethwa.

Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo ziye zaba negama ngenxa yombala wazo we-motley: isisu sazo namachashaza amhlophe, nomphimbo wazo ulula. Ukuphumula komzimba kusezithunzini ezihlukene ezimpunga nezimnyama.

Amahlengethwa amnyama atholakala kuphela ogwini lwaseChile, abantu bendawo abazibiza nge "Tunina".

Isici esivelele salolu hlobo oluthile lwamahlengethwa e-cetacean ukuba khona kwamazinyo angama-28-34 wamazinyo emhlathini ongenhla, kanye nengqikithi yamacala angama-29-33 emhlathini ongezansi.

Indawo emnyama yeDolphin

Elinye lamagama alezi zilwane liyazikhulumela: Amahlengethwa aseChile atholakala kuphela ogwini lwaseChile. Uhla lwazo selulelwe ekubeni umucu omfishane ukusuka enyakatho uye eningizimu - ukusuka eValparaiso, etholakala emabangeni angama-33 eSouth latitude kuze kube seCape Horn, etholakala kuma-55 degrees South latitude. Kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kungenye yamahlengethwa angafundwa kangako, noma kunjalo, ososayensi bathi lolu hlobo lwentando aluthambekele ekufudukeni, futhi lukhetha ukuphila impilo yonke yalo lapho luhlala khona.

Ngokusho kwedatha enganembile ukuthi i-ichthyologists ikwazile ukuqoqa okwamanje, ihlengethwa elinombala omhlophe lincamela ukuhlala emanzini angajulile, ngokujula okungadluli kumamitha angama-200, kanye nasezindaweni ezinkulu ezinamanzi ahlanzekile futhi afudumele. Kuyenzeka nasezihlanjeni zemifula, lapho amanzi olwandle ehlanjululwa khona ngomfula omusha ovela ezweni.

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi loluhlobo luphi, loluhlengethwa olunamalungu amhlophe lugcwele ogwini lwaseChile.

Indlela Yokuphila Emnyama Yokudla Okunempilo Nutrition

Njengoba sekushiwo, amahlengethwa ansundu amhlophe afundwe kancane. Kuyaziwa ukuthi bahlala emhlanjini lapho kutholakala kubantu abadala aba-2 kuya kwabali-10. Kuqoshwe imihlambi emikhulu yezinkomo, kuze kube ngama-50 amagoli. Kunobufakazi bososayensi bebuka umhlambi wamahlengethwa anombala omhlophe wamakhanda angaba ngu-4,000, emaphethelweni asenyakatho yendawo. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kwabanye ososayensi, inani lalezi zilwane alidluli izinhloso ezingama-2000 zizonke, okusho ukuthi umhlambi we-4000 uyinganekwane noma iphutha. Izingxabano ziyaqhubeka kuze kube namuhla.

Imvamisa, amahlengethwa ahlanganiswa abe ngamaqembu ukuzondla nokuhamba ngaphakathi kwebanga. Imvamisa khombisa intshisekelo ezikebheni, uhamba eduze nezinhlangothi ngentshisekelo ehambisana nomkhumbi.

Ngokuqondene nokudla, khona-ke ihlengethwa elimhlophe, lihlukahlukene kakhulu. Kubandakanya izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlanzi (ama-sardine, ama-mackerels nama-anchovies), kanye nama-cephalopods, anjenge squid ne-cuttlefish. Futhi, ihlengethwa laseChile alizideleli ama-crustaceans amancane nama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene. Kukholakala ukuthi usalimoni osemncane futhi angaba inyamazane yedolphin uma ingena ezindaweni lapho idlela khona.

I-algae, ikakhulukazi i-algae eluhlaza, nayo iyadliwa. Ngenxa yokufunda kabi lezi zinhlobo, ngeshwa, alukho ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngokudla kwalo.

Imvamisa la mahlengethwa agcinwa emihlambini emincane - ukusuka kubantu abe-2 kuya kwabali-10.

Ukuzalela Ama-Dolphins Amhlophe

Onke amaqiniso ahlobene nokuzalaniswa kwehlengethwa elinombala omhlophe afihlwe ngemfihlakalo. Izinhlobo ezisondele kakhulu kuzo, ezifundwe kahle, zingahlanganiswa ne-dolphin yaseChile, okusho ukuthi ukukhulelwa kwalolu hlobo lwamahlengethwa kuhlala izinyanga ezingaba ngu-10, kuthi emva kwalokho insikazi ibelethe ikonyana elilodwa. Isikhathi sokuphila kwalezi zilwane cishe siyiminyaka engama-18-20.

Isimo sokuvikela ihlengethwa elimhlophe

Ngokuqondene nenani lalezi zilwanyana ezincelisayo emvelweni, kanye nesimo sazo sokulondolozwa, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi izinhlobo zazo zithathwa njengeziseduze kwesimo esisongela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma amandla ezinguquko eziguqini zabantu eqhubeka, khona-ke izinhlobo zizophela ngokushesha.

Ngokwencazelo yokuqala yezinhlobo, kwakufundwa abantu abafile, isikhumba sabo simnyama ngenxa yokuchayeka komoya, kodwa empeleni ingemuva lesilwane ezincelisayo ngemibala ehlukene grey.

Ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane kusizwa kakhulu ngamanetha okudoba nezinwegwe ezilimaza isikhumba esintekenteke samahlengethwa. Izilwane ezihlukumezekile zivame ukufa ngenxa yokulahleka kwegazi, noma ukufa, okuboshwe emaneteni

Futhi, amahlengethwa amaningi afa ezandleni zabadobi ngeminyaka yama-80s yekhulu lokugcina, lapho izinhlobo zawo zazithengiswa. Ngokusho kokuqagela okuhlukahlukene, isitoko sedolphin emhlophe kulezo minyaka salahlekelwa sisuka ku-1,200 saya kubantu abayi-1,600.

Uma uthola iphutha, sicela ukhethe ucezu lombhalo bese ucindezela I-Ctrl + Faka.

I-Cruciform dolphin / Lagenorhynchus cruciger

Lesi sithombe sibonisa umuntu ohlala emanzini ase-Antarctic nase subantarctic. Kuhola indlela yokuphila yemfihlo, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlangana. Bafunde ngaye emdwebeni owenziwe ngonyaka we-1820.

Ukuphela kwezinhlobo isayensi ezamukele kuphela kuma-akhawunti wokuzibonela. Kuze kube manje, kufundwa abantu abayisithupha kuphela. Emzimbeni omnyama, iphethini emhlophe, yakheka uhlobo lwe-hourglass.

Njengawo wonke amahlengethwa, yisilwane senhlalo. Ama-Whalers ahlangane namaqembu amancane abantu abangama-5-6. Kunobufakazi bofakazi bokuzibonela obabona amaqembu afinyelela kumakhophi angama-100.

By way, esizeni sethu iningi-be).ru kukhona i-athikili ethokozisayo ngezilwane ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni.

I-dolphin emhlophe ebhekene ubuso nobuso / iLagenorhynchus albirostris

Ummeleli omkhulu wamahlengethwa ukhula afinyelela kumamitha amathathu ubude, ngenkathi enesisindo esingu-275 kg. Isici esibonakalayo sokukhanya kwabo, cishe i-muzzle emhlophe.

Bahlala enyakatho ye-Atlantic. Lapho bebuka ukufuduka, ososayensi baphawula ukuthi bangakwazi ukubhukuda baye ogwini lwaseTurkey. Zitholakala ogwini lwePortugal. Gcina ngababili noma amaqembu abantu abangu-10-12.

Ijubane emanzini lifinyelela ku-30 ​​km / h, futhi likwazi ukungena emanzini lize lifike kumamitha angama-45. Izinhlobo aziqondakali kahle. Ososayensi balinganisela inani labantu ngamakhulu amaningana. Amadoda anezinwele ezimhlophe anakho ukuvikeleka.

AmaBottlenose dolphins / ama-Tursiops

Enye yamahlengethwa ajwayelekile. Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu. Bahlala cishe kuzo zonke izilwandlekazi nezilwandle zomhlaba.

Zikhula kusuka ku-2 kuye ku-4 m, futhi zinesisindo kusuka ku-150 kuye ku-600 kg. Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, umbala uyashintsha. Ezinhlangothini ungabona iphethini ewohloka ngesimo samabala noma imivimbo emincane.

Usosayensi waseFrance uPaul Gervais waqala wachaza ngehlengethwa ngebhodlela ngo-1815. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ososayensi bakhombe izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane. Ngenxa yokwakheka kwesiqalo noqhwaku, babizwa nangokuthi i-bottlenose dolphin. Leli fomu likuvumela ukuthi ubhukude ngokushesha futhi ushaye ujule.

Amazonia Sotalia / Sotalia fluviatilis

Ngegama elithile, ungaqonda ukuthi la mahlengethwa atholakala emgodini we-Amazon, nangasogwini lweLatin America. Abantu bendawo bababiza ngeTukushi. Ngakho-ke zabizwa njengezizwe zeqembu lolimi lwesiTupi, futhi lalungiswa ngenkulumo enobuhlakani.

Ngaphandle, afana namahlengethwa egabha, kepha iTukushi incane. Abantu abadala abakhuli ngaphezu kuka-150 cm. Banesisu esine-pinkish, kanti emuva nezinhlangothi zivame ukuba nombala onsomi ngombala. Bahlala emaqenjini abantu abayi-10-15.

Ososayensi bahlukanisa phakathi kwezindawo okuhlala kuzo imifula nolwandle. Le dolphin emhlophe iboniswa engubeni yempi yedolobha elikhulu kunazo zonke eBrazil, iRio de Janeiro.

AmaCetaceans / iLissodelphis

Kunezinhlobo ezi-2. Eyokuqala itholakala olwandle lwaseningizimu, olwesibili ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Khula ufike ku-2,5 m ubude. Uqhwaku lwabo luthambile impela, kanti inhlawulo yedali ayikho.

Ezinhlangothini kukhona amaphiko amabili amise okomhluzi. Ukwakheka okuncane kwama-muzzle ne-lateral fins kuvumela ukuba bakhule ngesivinini esikhulu futhi bagxume ngokujulile lapho befuna ukudla.

Badla izinhlanzi ezincane, ama-crustaceans kanye nama-mollusks. Izinhlobo zasenyakatho zitholakala olwandle oluseMpumalanga Ekude ngasogwini lwaseRussia.

I-Irrawaddy Dolphin / Orcaella breviros

Ummeleli ongajwayelekile womndeni omkhulu wehlengethwa. Azinawo umlomo. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, zinentamo eshukumayo.

Zitholakala emanzini afudumele oLwandlekazi i-Indian, ukusuka ogwini lwaseNdiya kuya e-Australia. Phila ngamaqembu abantu abathathu kuya kwabayisithupha. Shintsha kalula iqembu, futhi uncamela ukungasogwini. Ubude bomzimba kusuka ku-150 kuya kuma-275 cm. Isisindo sifinyelela ku-140 kg.

Babhukuda kancane, futhi ukuze babuke nxazonke baphakamisa amakhanda abo ngaphezu kwamanzi. Bavela ukugwinya umoya futhi bakwenze ngokushesha okukhulu. Kwatholakala isakhamuzi sase-olwandle esingajwayelekile futhi sachazwa ngonyaka we-1866.

Isihlengethwa saseChinese / Sousa chinensis

Umhlali oyingqayizivele waseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, ihlengethwa elinamanzi amnandi, uzoqedela uhlu lwethu. Ngo-2017, ikhomishini yezilwane yaseChinese engaqediwe yamemezela ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ziphela.

Kukhona imali engajwayelekile emhlane, yingakho ibibizwa “ngophathi wefulegi”. E-China, igama lakhe yiBaiji. Izakhamizi zamachibi nemifula engenamanzi esifundazweni saseChina eWuhan zavulwa ngo-1918.

Isayensi yemvelo nendlela yokuphila icishe ingathandeki. Isici esibonakalayo uqhwaku olude. Izinsana zizalwa zimnyama ngokuphelele, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umbala womzimba uyaqaqamba. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi le nhlobo inyamalala emhlabeni wethu.

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngalezi zidalwa ezinhle nezihlakaniphile avuselelwa minyaka yonke ngolwazi olusha. Sengiphetha, siphawula ukuthi amahlengethwa ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo athuthukise uhlelo lwawo lwezimpawu. Izinsana zithola amagama azo ngokuzalwa. Baphendula ngalesi siginali empilweni yabo yonke. Elinye ikhono lezidalwa zasolwandle ezimangalisayo ukuzibona esibukweni.

Usibhalele kumazwana ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezinhle zhlengethwa ozithanda kakhulu. Sizophinde sithokoze kakhulu ngezindaba zakho ezihlobene namahlengethwa.