Labeo Bicolor
Labeo bicolor -I-Labeo toni ezimbili
Oda, umndeni: ama-cyprinid.
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elijabulisayo:
Ph: 6,5-7,5.
Ukudideka: 30%.
Ukuhambisana kweLabe-color-bi-color: izinhlanzi ezinobukhulu obufanayo nezinhlamvu.
Inhlanzi imnandi kakhulu futhi akunakufiswa ukuyibeka ku- "bipod encane". Inhlanzi yenza umsebenzi we-aquarium ngokuhlelekile.
Incazelo: Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-labeo enemibala emibili noma imifula yimifula namachibi aseThailand. Inhlanzi yalethwa eYurophu ngo-1952, i-USSR ngo-1959.
Umzimba we-labeo enezwi ezimbili unemizimba, uphakeme, uthambile emaceleni futhi unemuva eligobekile. Ekhanda elincanyana kunamehlo amakhulu abomvu, umlomo ongezansi ngesimo sokumanzisa inkomishi yokudonsa enamabili amabili we-antennae ne-horny villi. ILabeo enezithoni ezimbili ezidwetshwe ngopende omnyama. Ama-labeos besifazane anemibala emibili mikhulu kunabesilisa, kodwa anemibala e-paler. Emvelweni, izinhlanzi zingafinyelela ku-30 cm, ku-aquarium ikhula ize ibe ngu-12 cm.
I-Labeo bicolor iyinhlanzi esebenzayo nenendawo. Abesilisa banomona omkhulu wabantu abangabazi endaweni yabo futhi bahlasela hhayi abamele izinhlobo zabo kuphela, kodwa nezinye izinhlanzi. I-labeo enemibala emibili igcinwa kahle nezinhlanzi ezinobukhulu obufanayo kanye nemikhuba. Izinhlanzi zibhukuda ezingxenyeni zamanzi ezingaphansi neziphakathi nendawo.
I-Labeo toni ezimbili
Amapharamitha amanzi anethezekayo ama-labeos anemibala emibili: ubulukhuni 5-15 °, pH 6.5-7.5, izinga lokushisa 23 - 27 ° C. Ukuhlunga okuphoqelekile, ukuguqulwa kwe-aeration kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni kweviki kwe-25% yevolumu yamanzi. Umthamo ophakanyisiwe we-aquarium uvela kumalitha ayi-100, mhlawumbe okungama-200l. I-aquarium kufanele ibe nezindawo zokukhosela eziningi, imbobo lapho inhlanzi ingacasha khona.
Ukufuya izinhlanzi kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu - lokhu kungenxa yenani elincane labesilisa emadamini, futhi ithangi elikhulu lokusabalalisa (kusuka kumalitha angama-500) nalo liyadingeka. Amaphayiphu wamanzi wokucwilisa: ubulukhuni kuze kufike ku-4 °, pH 6.0-7.0, izinga lokushisa 24 - 27 ° С, aeration enhle ne-duct. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imijovo ye-hormonal iyadingeka ukukhiqiza i-labe enemibala emibili.
Ukuphaka uLabeo kufanele kube okulungile: okulinganiselayo, okuhlukahlukene. Lo mthetho obalulekile uwukhiye wokulondolozwa okuphumelelayo kwanoma iyiphi inhlanzi, kungaba ngama-guppies noma ama-astronotuses. Isigaba "Kanjani futhi malini ukondla izinhlanzi zasemanzini" ikhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe, ichaza izimiso eziyisisekelo zokudla kanye nohulumeni wokudla izinhlanzi.
Kulesi sihloko, sibona into ebaluleke kakhulu - ukondla izinhlanzi akufanele kube yisinengiso, konke ukudla okwomile noku bukhoma kufanele kufakwe ekudleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake okuthandwa yi-gastronomic kwenhlanzi ethile futhi, ngokuya ngalokhu, kufaka ekudleni kwayo kokudla noma okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwamaphrotheni noma okuphambene nalokho okuqukethe izithako zemifino.
Okuphakelayo okudumile nokuthandwa yizinhlanzi, vele, ukudla okwomile. Isibonelo, njalo ngehora noma kuphi lapho ungathola khona kumashalofu we-aquarium okuphakelwa kwenkampani yaseTetra - umholi wemakethe yaseRussia, eqinisweni ukunikwa kwemfanelo kokudla kwale nkampani kuyamangaza. I-Tetra's "gastronomic" ye-gastronomic ifaka nokuphakelwa ngakunye kohlobo oluthile lwezinhlanzi: i-Goldfish, i-cichlids, i-loricaria, izinsiphu, i-labyrinths, i-arovans, i-discus, njll. I-Tetra ibuye yathuthukisa ama-feed akhethekile, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthuthukisa umbala, i-solidified noma i-fry. Imininingwane egcwele kuko konke ukuphakelwa kweTetra, ungakuthola kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yenkampani - lapha.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho uthenga noma yikuphi ukudla okwomile, kufanele unake usuku okwenziwe ngalo kanye nokuphila eshalofini, zama ukungathengi ukudla ngesisindo, futhi futhi nokugcina ukudla kusendaweni evaliwe - lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwezimbali ezikuwo.
Ukuphila endalweni
ILabeo enemibala emibili ihlala echibini lomfula iChauphray eThailand, lapho yatholakala khona ngo-1936. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokubanjwa okusheshayo kanye nokungcoliswa kwendawo yezimboni yendawo, yahlukaniswa ngokuthi inyamalala ngo-1966.
Kodwa-ke, muva nje sekutholakale inani elincane labantu bemvelo kanti nezinhlobo ziye zachazwa njengezisengozini.
Ngokwemibiko engaqinisekisiwe, ihlala emifuleni nasemifuleni, futhi ngesikhathi semvula ifudukela emasimini nasehlathini eligcwele yizikhukhula. Kukholakala ngokusobala ngoba kwephulwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukuthutha, izinhlobo zazo zazisemaphethelweni wokuqothulwa.
Kepha, naphezu kwalokhu, i-bicolor isatshalaliswa ekudingisweni, futhi yalwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele.
Incazelo
Kuwo wonke umuntu owake waba ne-labe, kuyacaca ukuthi kungani ethandwa kangaka.
Unomzimba omnyama velvety nomsila obomvu okhanyayo. Umzimba ufana noshaka osesimweni, ngesiNgisi ubizwa nangokuthi ushaka obomvu (oshaka obomvu).
Le nhlanganisela, kanye nomsebenzi omkhulu wezinhlanzi kuyenza ibonakale kakhulu ngisho nasezinhlanzini ezinkulu. Kukhona i-albino, inhlanzi engenayo i-pigment futhi inomzimba omhlophe, kodwa amaphiko abomvu namehlo.
Ihluke kumbala wayo wombala kuphela ngombala, indlela yokuziphatha nokuqukethwe kuyafana.
Ngasikhathi sinye, le yinhlanzi enkulu, efinyelela usayizi ongu-15 cm ubude ngokwesilinganiso, kodwa futhi iba ngu-18-20 cm.
Isikhathi sokuphila esiseduze kweminyaka engama-5-6, noma kunemibiko yesikhathi eside sempilo, cishe iminyaka eyi-10.
Ukondla
Emvelweni, idla kakhulu ekudleni kwezitshalo, kepha kukhona nezibungu, izibungu nezinye izinambuzane.
Ama-bicolors adla okuphakelayo okuqukethe i-fiber - okusanhlamvu, iziganu, amaphilisi.
Ngenhlanhla, manje lokhu akuyona inkinga, unganikeza amaphilisi abhebhethekile we-antacistrus noma ondle ngokuqukethwe okunama-fiber amaningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, unganikeza izingcezu ze-zucchini, ukhukhamba, ulethisi neminye imifino. Ngokuqondene nokudla kwezilwane, ithoni ezimbili zibadlela ubumnandi, nanoma yikuphi.
Kodwa noma kunjalo, isisekelo sokudla kwakhe kufanele kube ukudla kwemifino. Kepha udla i-algae ngokunqikaza, ikakhulukazi lapho umuntu omdala futhi ngokuqinisekile engadli ngentshebe emnyama.
Ukuvumelana
Yilapho-ke kuqala izinkinga esakhuluma ngazo ekuqaleni kwendatshana. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinhlobo zinabile futhi zivame ukuthengiswa njengenhlanzi efanele i-aquarium ejwayelekile - akunjalo ...
Lokhu akusho ukuthi kudingeka igcinwe yodwa, kepha iqiniso lokuthi omakhelwane badinga ukukhethwa ngokunakekelwa ngokweqiniso.
Ngenkathi emncane, uzogwema izingxabano, kepha ovuthiwe ngokobulili uba nolaka futhi abe yindawo eyodwa, ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi ezinombala ofanayo.
ILabeo ishayela ezinye izinhlanzi futhi eziningi zithola kakhulu.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ezimeni eziningi kusencike ohlotsheni lomuntu othile kanye nenani le-aquarium, abanye bahlala ngokuthula ezindaweni ezihlala abantu, kanti abanye bahlela ukwesaba kubo.
Hlobo luni lwezinhlanzi okufanele zigwenywe? Okokuqala, awukwazi ukugcina umbhangqwana weLabeau, noma ngabe kunendawo eningi, bazolwa uma behlangana.
Awungeke ugcine umbala womzimba noma ukwakheka ngokufana, bahlasele nabaphethe inkemba.
Izinhlanzi ezihlala ezansi nazo zizohlupheka, njengoba izinhlanzi zidla ikakhulu ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi. Ama-Antsistruse asaphila kakhulu noma mancane ngenxa yezikhali zawo ezinzima, kanti ne-catfish encane futhi engavikeleki izoba nobunzima.
Futhi ubani ohambisana labe? I-Characin ne-carp, izinhlanzi ezisheshayo nezincane.
Zonke lezi zinhlanzi zinesivinini esikhulu kakhulu sokubathola, futhi zihlala ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu neziphakathi.
Ngokwemvelo, i-labeo ihlala yodwa, ihlangana nezihlobo kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhluma.
Isimo sakhe siyawohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi angagcini ngisho nezinhlanzi ezimbalwa e-aquarium eyodwa. Ezimweni eziningi, kungcono ukuyigcina yodwa.
Njengoba i-bicolor iyinhlanzi enkulu kunalokho, futhi ngisho nomhlaba, ukuze uyilondoloze udinga i-aquarium ebanzi ne-voluminous, enomthamo wamalitha angama-200 noma ngaphezulu.
Uma isikhala singekho futhi nomakhelwane abaningi, uyoba nolaka ngokwengeziwe.
I-aquarium idinga ukumbozwa, njengoba inhlanzi igxuma kahle futhi ingafa.
Kokuqukethwe, imibala emibili ilula, isikhala nenani elikhulu lezitshalo ezondla kuzo zibalulekile kukho. Akazilimazi izitshalo ngokudla okugcwele konke, ngaphandle kokuthi mhlawumbe kungenxa yendlala kuphela.
Njengabo bonke abahlala emifuleni, uthanda amanzi acwebile futhi ahlanzekile, ngakho-ke ukuhlunga nokufakwa esikhundleni kuyimpoqo.
Njengamapharamitha, iguquguquka kahle, kepha izoba yanele: izinga lokushisa 22-26 C, PH 6.8-7.5, isilinganiso sobunzima bamanzi.
Ukuzala
Kunzima kakhulu ukuzalanisa i-labeau e-aquarium yase-amateur. Njengomthetho, ukhiqizwa emapulazini aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, noma ngochwepheshe bendawo.
Iqiniso ngukuthi uma kuzalaniswa, kusetshenziswa ama-gonadotropic amahhashi ukukhuthaza ukuqhuma, kanti iphutha elincane kakhulu lomthamo liholela ekufeni kwenhlanzi.
Habitat
Baqhamuka ezindaweni ezijulile (ezingaphansi kwamamitha ajulile) amadamu ageleza agobhoza aseThailand naseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ngenkathi yemvula, bathuthela emfucumfucwini wamahlathi agcwele amanzi kanye nezikhukhula, lapho ukuqhuma kwenzeka ngokunokwenzeka. Ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu, izindlela zokufuduka azonakalisiwe, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwabantu.
Umsoco
Bancamela ukuphakelwa okuhlukahlukene okunempilo ngezithako zemifino. Ungakhonza i-daphnia, i-bloodworms, i-artemis ngokuhambisana nokudla okwomile okusezingeni eliphakeme (ama-flakes, i-granules) nemikhiqizo yezitshalo (ucezu lukhukhamba, uphizi, i-zucchini ngaphandle kwe-peel, isipinashi, izithelo ezisikiwe). Izithako zemithi yezamakhambi zicwiliswa ngaphansi kwe-aquarium, zivikelwe ngehhanisi / i-elastic. Zivuselelwa njalo ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3 ukuvikela ukubola.
I-Labeo bicolor ayifuni ekwakhiweni kwamanzi kwe-hydrochemical, kodwa ikhwalithi yayo nobumsulwa bayo kumele kube sezingeni eliphakeme. Amanzi kufanele avuselelwe okungenani ikota njalo ngeviki, le nqubo ingahlanganiswa nokuhlanza inhlabathi kusuka kumfucumfucu we-organic (okungadliwanga imfucumfucu yokudla, indle). Iqoqo lemishini liqukethe okokuhlunga okokukhiqiza, i-heater, i-aerator nohlelo lokukhanyisa.
Umklamo: umugqa wamatshe amatshe amatshe nogobolondo onamatshe amakhulu amaningi, izindawo zokukhosela ngesimo sezingodo, izimpande kanye namagatsha ezihlahla, i-algae izokhula phezu kwawo ngaphansi kokukhanya okukhanyayo - umthombo owengeziwe wokudla. Noma yiziphi izitshalo ukubamba izitshalo.
Ukuziphatha komphakathi
Iphila impilo yodwa. Ngokukhula kweminyaka, iba yindawo ezungeza umhlaba, ebonakala ngokulwa ngokuhlobene nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Izihlobo zibekezelela kakhudlwana, kepha ama-hassles kuzoba nzima ukugwema ethangini elincanyana. Uma uhlela ukugcina ama-Labeos amaningana, khona-ke ngamunye kufanele abe namalitha angama-200 okungenani.
Uhlobo luni lwezinhlanzi lolu?
I-Labeo bicolor yinhlanzi encane kodwa esebenzayo kakhulu yombala okhanyayo. Isikhathi eside, bekucatshangwa ukuthi ayisekho, kepha muva nje inani elincane lalezinhlanzi latholakala emvelweni. Manje lezi zinhlobo zamukelwa njengezisondele kakhulu ekuqothulweni futhi zibhalwe ku-Red Book ye-World Conservation Union.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ekuthunjweni, ama-labeos anemibala emibili ajwayelekile futhi azizwa emkhulu njengabadli be-aquarium algae-oda kanye nama-oda ase-aquarium.
IBicolor elinye igama elivamile le-labeo enemibala emibili.. Kuchazwa umbala ofaka lolu hlobo lwenhlanganisela, ohlanganisa imibala emibili ehlukile (i-velvet emnyama nebomvu evuthayo).
Emazweni akhuluma isiNgisi, le nhlanzi ibizwa ngokuthi ushaka omsila obomvu, ngoba ifana kakhulu neyokugcina ezinhlakeni zomzimba namapheya. Igama lesiLatini le-bicolor: Epalzeorhynchos bicolor.
Labeo ungowomndeni omkhulu wama-cyprinid, abameleli babo bathandwa kakhulu ngabasebenza emanzini. Uhlobo lwe-Epalzeorhynchos, okuyi-bicolor okungelakhe, luphawulwa ngokuziphatha kwalo okunolaka nokuzungeza izwe. Kodwa-ke, endaweni yemvelo, lezi zinhlanzi zidla kuphela i-phytoplankton ne-algae ethambile.
Umlando Nomsuka
ILabeo Bicolor yatholakala ngonyaka ka-1936 echibini lomfula iChauphray eThailand. Futhi kakade phakathi nekhulu lama-20, le nhlanzi ekhanyayo yavela ezindaweni zasemanzini zaseYurophu. Ngo-1959, amalebe okuqala nawo alethwa e-USSR.
Ama-bicolors akhetha imifula emincane nemifudlana eThailand. Izimo eziphoqelekile kubo - amanzi ahlanzekile agobhozayo, inhlabathi enesihlabathi kanye nezimila ezinothile. Ngenkathi yemvula, le nhlobo ifudukela ezindaweni ezikhungethwe yizikhukhula, imvamisa etholakala eduzane nase peatlands.
Emvelweni, i-labeau yenza imisebenzi yama-oda, ihlanza isikhumba sezilwane zamanzi ezivela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane.
Isimilo
I-labeo enemibala emibili yaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo nangokuziphatha kwendawo. Yakhe endaweni ephansi nephakathi nendawo ye-aquarium, lolu hlobo alubekezeleli abantu bangaphandle endaweni yalo. Ama-bicolor amaningi anolaka olukhulu maqondana nezihlobo zawo nezinye izinhlanzi ezinombala ofanayo. Kwezinye izimo, ulaka olubhekiswe kwamanye ama-bicolors lungathathelwa indawo isikhundla sobuholi esiqinile.
Uhlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Isilinganiso sokuphila esijwayelekile se-labeo bicolor cishe iminyaka engama-5-6. Kodwa-ke, kaningi lezi zinhlanzi ziphila ziye eminyakeni eyi-10-12.
Izici eziphambili zokuphila isikhathi eside kuzo:
- ukunakekelwa okunekhono nokujwayelekile,
- ukugcinwa ngokuqinile kwazo zonke izimo zokuboshwa,
- ukudla okufanele nokuhlukahlukene.
Ukubonakala kwezinhlanzi zase-Thai
Njengoba wazi, izinhlanzi ezinemibala ebabazekayo zazingezokuqala ukudonsela ukunaka e-aquarium; empeleni, umbala we-labeau uqhakaze kakhulu futhi uyakhanga. Zine-velvety emnyama, ukuqeda kwe-matte. torso nokubomvu okukhanyayo umsila. Ngenxa yemigqa echazwe kahle nobume obude, umzimba wale nhlanzi ufana noshaka, ngesiNgisi i-labeo ibizwa ngokuthi "ushaka obomvu" - "ushaka obomvu."
Ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okushaqisayo nomsebenzi owandayo, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungaziboni izinhlanzi lezi ngisho nase-aquarium enkulu. Phakathi kwama-labeos, kutholakala abantu abangama-albino. Kodwa-ke, azizona neze-bicolors, kodwa ziyizinkampani ezingaphansi kohlaza oluhlaza. Baswela ngokuphelele umbala omnyama, futhi amaphiko futhi amehlo ngombala obomvu. Kokunye, ama-albino awekho aphansi ngokweqile kwabalingani bawo, ngaphandle kokuthi kukholelwa ukuthi ayizidalwa ezinokuthula kakhudlwana.
Ngokuvamile, ama-labeos angabameleli abaningi bezwe le-aquarium. Okumaphakathi emvelweni usayizi izinhlanzi - 18-20 cm, nokho, izidondondlwana ezinkulu ezingama-28-30 cm nazo zitholakala.Ukuhlala endaweni yokufakelwa, enomkhawulo kuholele ekuphelisweni kwezinhlobo zezilwane. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nama-labeos we-10-12-centimeter, uma eqhathaniswa nezakhamizi eziningi ze-aquarium, abukeka emangalisa kakhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo ziphila iminyaka engama-5-6, kepha kunamaqiniso aqinisekisiwe wokuthi phakathi kwama-labeos kukhona abantu abasebenza isikhathi eside - abaneminyaka eyi-9 kuya kweli-10 ubudala.
Usayizi we-Aquarium
Lapho uthenga lesi silwane, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ubukhulu baso kanye nemikhuba yendawo yonke kudinga i-aquarium enkulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, umuntu oyedwa onjalo udinga amalitha ayi-100. Ama-aquarists anolwazi atusa ukukhetha izitsha ezivela kumalitha angama-200.
Izidingo zamanzi
IBicolor izwela kakhulu ikhwalithi yamanzi, ethinta kakhulu impilo yayo. Amanzi kufanele ahlanzeke futhi abonakale ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, i-aquarium kumele ibe nezinhlelo ezisebenzayo futhi ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokuhlunga kanye ne-aeration.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ushintsho lwamanzi oluyingxenye lwenziwa njalo ngeviki (cishe i-20-25% yenani).
Amapharamitha aphezulu wamanzi:
- acidity - 6.5-7.5 pH,
- lokushisa - 23-27 ° C,
- ukuqina - 4-20.
Umehluko phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane
Ama-Labeos awakaze athiwe mahluko ngokobulili, ngakho-ke cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba abaqalayo bezindawo zasemanzini baqonde ukuthi bangobani, owesilisa noma owesifazane.
Kodwa abathandi bezinhlanzi ze-aquarium abanolwazi banganaka ama-nuances alandelayo:
- abantu besifazane abavuthiwe banesisu esiseduze, esizungezile,
- abesilisa bancane kunabesifazane, futhi lokhu kungabonakala ngeso elinqunu,
- abesilisa bayakhanya, bensensithe, izintokazi ziyabola.
Konke lokhu kusebenza kubantu abadala, ubulili bezilwane ezincane cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa, noma unesipiliyoni.
Uhlaza we-Aquarium
Ama-bicolors akhetha ukuhlala phakathi kokukhanya okuluhlaza futhi okuhlukahlukene. Azisebenzi njengengubo enhle kakhulu yokugqoka, kodwa futhi njengendawo yokukhosela yemvelo, esindisa izinhlanzi ekucindezelekeni okungadingekile.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izitshalo ezinezimpande eziqinile.Ngemuva kokutshala ngendlela ethile, ungahlukanisa i-aquarium ezindaweni ezihlukile lapho bonke abahlala kuzo bayozizwa bekhululekile.
Isifo se-Bicolor Labe
Ngokuqondene noshaka abadala abomvu, baphila kahle, bayizinhlanzi ezingaguli kakhulu. Empeleni aziphenduli ezishintshashintshashintsheni ezilinganisweni zemvelo yasemanzini, azithambekele kunoma yikuphi ukugula.
Kepha ngokumelene nesizinda sokutheleleka noma ukutheleleka ngegciwane, kungahle kube nezimpawu zesikhumba noma ulwelwesi lwesikhumba. Uma i-labe ekhanyayo igqamile, khona-ke asikwazi ukukhuluma ngesifo, kodwa mayelana nengcindezi edlulisiwe.
ILabeo bicolor iyindoda ebukekayo efanelana kahle nabanye abahlali base-aquarium. Ukuthi wayephila futhi ephila, futhi ngasikhathi sinye engabacasuli omakhelwane bakhe, umniniyo kufanele acabangele izici eziningi.
Izici zokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-bicolor
Ukuzala ama-bicolors inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, imvamisa ayitholakali ezingeni le-amateur.
Ukusaphaza kudinga umthamo ongama-500 l kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemijovo ekhethekile yamahomoni, iphutha elincane kakhulu eliholela ekufeni kwenhlanzi. ngalokho AmaLabeos afuywa kaningi emapulazini asezingeni eliphezulu eSoutheast Asia.
Ukuthomba kulezi zinhlanzi kwenzeka eneminyaka engu-1.5. Amaqanda avuthwa bese aphenduka abe yi-fry kungakapheli izinsuku ezimbili. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-fry iqala ukukhula futhi ikhule ngokushesha okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwesigamu sazo kwesinye isikhathi asihlali siphila ebudaleni.
Ukungafaneleki
Okokuqala, kufanele ungagcini ama-labeos amaningana noma ezinye izinhlanzi endaweni eyodwa enamabala afanayo noma omzimba (ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo zama-barbs noma ama-swordsmen).
Emvelweni, ama-bicolors axhumana nabanye ngesikhathi sokuqhuma, isikhathi sonke noma yisiphi isihlobo sitholwa kubo kuphela njengomncintiswano ongathandeki. Ngesizathu esifanayo, bangahlasela izinhlanzi ezifanayo ngesimo nangombala kubo, zibaphatha kabi ngamanye ama-labeos.
Imvamisa, izinhlanzi ezihlala ezingxenyeni ezingezansi ze-aquarium zihlaselwa yi-bicolor (Ama-Antsistruses, catfish ezincanyana, ama-cichlid amakhulu). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abakwaLabeau ngaphandle kwemibandela babheka lezi zingqimba njengendawo yabo futhi bazivikele ngesihluku kunoma yikuphi ukungeneka.
Isifo
Ama-bicolor abantu abadala asempilweni enhle futhi aqabile. Izifo ezivame kakhulu:
- ichthyophthyroidism,
- ukwehla (ascites),
- ukuthambekela kokukhuluphala (okwandiswa ukondleka okungafanele noma ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunekhwalithi engesihle).
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ama-labeos azwela kakhulu kwikhwalithi yamanzi futhi aphendula ngobuhlungu ekushintsheni okubukhali kwamapharamitha awo. Ema-aquarium amaningi futhi angcolile, lezi zinhlanzi zivame ukuhlushwa yizo zonke izinhlobo zama-protozoa kanye nama-parasites (woropopasasitic kanye ne-gill worms).
Ukuthenga
Kuphephe kakhulu ukuthenga ama-labeos amabili anezimpawu ezimbili ezitolo ezakhiwe kahle noma ngqo kubazalisi. Kulokhu, awukwazi ukuthola izilwane ezifuywayo ezinempilo kuphela, kepha futhi uthole izincomo ezisebenzayo ekunakekelweni nasekugcinweni kwesondlo.
Amathiphu Wokuthenga:
- Ungathengi izinhlanzi ezadayiswa ngokushesha ngemuva kokufika esitolo. Kungenzeka ukuthi iningi labo lidinga ukuhlukaniswa wedwa, ukwelashwa, noma ukubhekana nengcindezi enkulu kakhulu, okuyothinta impilo yabo ekhaya. Kuhle ukuhlehlisa ukuthenga kwabo izinsuku ezimbalwa.
- Izinhlanzi kufanele zibukeke ziphilile (amehlo acwengekile, amaphiko aqondile, aqondile, ukuntuleka kwe-plaque kanye namabala). Ukuziphatha kwabo kufanele kusebenze. Uma izakhamizi zase-aquarium zihlala zingaphezulu, ziphefumula ngokushesha, singaphetha ngokuthi azinampilo.
- Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kutusa ukunaka i-aquarium yokubukisa. Kufanele ilungiswe kahle, ihlanzekile, ngamanzi acwebile.
- Akufanele uthenge izinhlanzi eziningi nezinhlobo eziningana ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu ngeke kuthinte ukuzivumelanisa kwabo nokulinganisa kwe-aquarium ngendlela engcono kakhulu.
- Uma ezinye izakhamizi sezihlala e-aquarium yasekhaya, inhlanzi esanda kutholwa kufanele ibekwe isikhashana ethangini elihlukanisiwe.
- Akunconywa ukuthenga ama-bicolors amakhulu. Babukeka kahle kakhulu, kepha bangase babe badala kakhulu futhi ngeke bahlale nomnikazi omusha isikhathi eside.
Ngokuya ngosayizi nenqubomgomo yentengo yesitolo, izindleko zama-labeos anemibala emibili zisukela kuma-ruble ayi-100 kuye kwangama-1400.
Izinhlanzi ezifanayo
- Labeo mnyama. Ifaka umbala ojulile onsundu nosayizi abakhulu. Omnivorous futhi gluttonous. Kaningi, umsebenzi wayo obalulekile uholela ekubhujisweni okuphelele kwazo zonke izimila ze-aquarium.
- Garra Roofa - udokotela wezinhlanzi odumile ovela emndenini weKarpov. Kuvela naseThailand, lapho isetshenziswa kabanzi emithini yabomdabu (ngokwesibonelo, ekwelapheni i-psoriasis). Ifunwa kakhulu ekudingisweni.
- UBarbus Schubert. Inhlanzi ephuzi futhi esebenzayo yegolide, kulula kakhulu ukuyigcina. Kodwa-ke, kubonakaliswa ukukhuphuka kobudlova nokuphila okufushane ku-aquarium.
- Labeo luhlaza. Ihluke kumlingani wayo wemibala emibili ngombala ohlukile futhi ogqamile. Kubhekwa njengommeleli onobungani kakhulu nongenalo nolaka kwiLabeau.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Bukela ividiyo emayelana namalabya anemibala emibili:
ILabeo Bicolor iyaziwa ngomlingiswa wayo nokuziphatha kwayo. Ngisho ne-aquarist enolwazi izokuthokozela kakhulu ukubuka isilwane esikhanyayo kangako. I-novice amateur nayo ngeke idumazeke ku-bicolor, ibonga ukungazethembi kwayo kanye nokukhululeka kokunakekelwa. Ngokulandela imithetho elula, ungakwazi ukujabulela ukuxhumana bukhoma no-Labe iminyaka eminingi.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
Inhlanzi enkulu, esebenzayo, yendawo ngokuyinhloko idinga i-aquarium enkulu, ebanzi yangaphakathi yamalitha angama-200 noma ngaphezulu. Lesi yisisekelo futhi, umuntu angasho, ukuphela komthetho wokulungiswa okunethezekile kwe-labe bicolor. Lapho i-aquarium incane, kulapho inhlanzi iba nobudlova ngokwengeziwe. Njengabo bonke abantu abahlala emfuleni, kudinga amanzi ahlanzekile, acwebile angena esikhundleni se-¼. Ukushisa - 22-26 ° С, ph - 6-8 - ubulukhuni obuphakathi - amapharamitha wokuqukethwe afanele, noma ama-bicolors angavumelanisa kalula nokuguquguquka endaweni eyodwa noma kwenye. Ukuhlunga nokufakelwa kuyimpoqo, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlele ukugeleza okuncane. Kunconywa ukumboza phansi kwe-aquarium nge-peat noma inhlabathi enesihlabathi okungenani i-10 cm. Ama-Shelter ayadingeka ngesimo se-sgs, grottoes, emigedeni yamatshe, amagobolondo, izimbiza zobumba namapayipi, inani elikhulu lezitshalo eziphilayo, ezidingekayo ngomthombo owengeziwe we-oksijini kanye nokudla okunempilo. Kufanelekile: i-riccia, i-pistia, i-Javanese moss, i-sagittaria, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-echinodorus ne-ferns. Izitshalo ze-Labeo azonakalisi, kepha zondla amaqabunga, zisebenzisa "njengamapuleti" ukudla. Kodwa-ke, ngokudla okunganele, bangabuye bajabulele notshani.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ama-labeos empeleni awaguli. I-Dropsy, ulwelwesi lwama-mucous kanye nokuxinzeka kungenzeka, kepha kungenzeka lokhu akusona isifo, kepha ukutheleleka ngegciwane.
Mnyama
Umbala omnyama ogcotshisiwe. I-subspecies enkulu kunazo zonke. Ikhula ibe ngu-60 cm ekuthunjweni kanye nama-90 cm ngokwemvelo. Omnivorous.
AbakwaCarps bathanda isikhala nethala, ngakho khetha usayizi we-aquarium ngevolumu:
- ngemibala emibili kusuka kumalitha ayi-100,
- kwabamnyama kusuka ku-500 l.
Ngomthamo onganele kanye nokuba khona komakhelwane, inhlanzi izizwa ingakhululekile.
Qinisekisa ukumboza i-aquarium ukugwema ukufa kwesilwane esifuywayo.
Amanzi we-Peat akhululekile kakhulu izinhlanzi. Faka isikhwama esincane se-nylon nge-peat entsha eduze noma kwesihlungi. Shintsha okuqukethwe izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga.
Isibani
ILabeo ithanda ukukhanya okulinganiselayo, kepha ibangela ukukhula kwama-algae. Kunezisombululo ezimbili ezingaba khona:
- Sungula isitsha esihlukile sokukhula kwe-algae nokukhula kwezitshalo zabantu abadala ukudoba.
- Faka ukukhanyiswa okuhle ku-aquarium eyinhloko bese umeka phansi phansi ngemishanguzo kanye nezitshalo ezinkulu ezinamafutha amaningi.
Okungaphakathi
Lapho ugcwalisa indlu yezilwane zasekhaya esizayo, cabanga ngamaphuzu alandelayo:
- Hlomisa okokukhosela kusuka kubabekazi lapho ungacasha khona,
- dala iziqu ze-algae,
- unciphise isikhala sibe yizindawo ngosizo lokubiyelwa okwenziwe ngezitshalo noma ngamatshe, lokhu kuzosiza i-carp ukuthi ihlangane ngokuzolile.
ILabeo icishe ibe yinqaba. Ifinyelela kuphela esimweni samanzi.
Imijovo evuselelayo
Ukusakazeka kwendalo akuvamile. Ukuvuselela inqubo phakathi kwabasolwandle, kuyisiko ukwenza imijovo yamahomoni.
Kunzima ukwenza imijovo esezingeni eliphakeme ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho namakhono athile. Iphutha lomthamo lizobulawa.
Umjovo wenziwa ngesirinji elincane le-insulin phakathi kwesikali emhlane.
Izinhlobo zokuvuselela ezithandwayo:
- Umjovo wokuqala - i-chorionic gonadotropin (ethathelwe indawo yiRotten) inikezwa abesifazane kuphela. Umthamo ubalwa ngesisindo se-5-10 mg nge-1 g yezinhlanzi, ngemuva kosuku umjovo wesibili ukumiswa kwezinhlanzi ze-cyprinid eziphethwe yi-acetone ye-pituitary gland yezinhlanzi - 0,2 mg nge-10 g yesisindo kwabesifazane kanye ne-0.1 mg nge-10 g yesisindo kwabesilisa.
- Ukufakwa kokumiswa okwesikhashana kwesitho sowesifazane kowesifazane ngesilinganiso se-0,03 mg sento nge-10 g yesisindo somzimba, ngemuva kwamahora angama-24, umjovo ka-0.3 mg nge-10 g yesisindo kowesifazane nowesilisa.
Ukuqanjwa kuthengiswa kuphela emapulazini ezinhlanzi. Ngemuva kokusakazeka, engeza i-antibiotic emanzini ukuvikela ukutheleleka.
Ngaphezu kwemijikelezo echaziwe, indlela engenabungozi enganikisi isiqinisekiso se-100% sokuswayiza nayo iyasetshenziswa. Umuthi "Nerestin" ufakwa ngesirinji noma ungezwe ekudleni. Akuyona i-hormonal futhi oyinyumba, ama-antibiotics awadingi ukungezwa ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwawo.
Ngaphambi kwemijovo noma ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlanzi ezingafani nobulili obuhlukile, hlala amasonto amabili uhlukane.
Ukushoda kwabesilisa
ILabeo enemibala emibili inamaduna ambalwa kulitha. Ukuthola isibalo esidingekayo sabafana, izinhlanzi ziyafuzwa ngosayizi omkhulu. Isimo sihlanganiswa nokukhula ngokushesha kwabesifazane, ngenxa yalokho, lapho behlukanisa insimu, abesilisa bavame ukulahleka futhi bafe.
Tshala gazinga obuhlatshwe kakhulu ezindaweni ezintofontofo. Kaningi lezi zingane zingezesilisa.
Ukulungiselela ukuhlanza nokunwebeka
Ukukhula kanye nokuzimisela ukuhlakazeka kwenzeka eneminyaka engu-1.5. Thatha abesilisa abangu-2-3 kowesifazane oyedwa.
Ngaphambi kokusaphaza, izinhlanzi zidliwa kaningi nangaphezulu. Shintsha amanzi njalo. Ngemuva kwemijovo, izilwane ezifuywayo zifakwa emhlabathini oyisisekelo se-ovari. IVolumu kusuka kumalitha angu-150, cishe angama-40 cm ukuphakama.
Yehlisa ubulukhuni bamanzi ukuya ku-1.5-2.5.
Awukwazi ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa ngemuva kwemijovo ye-hormonal. Lokhu kubulala izinhlanzi.
Ekusakazeni gcina i-aeration enhle. Dinga iphampu ukuhlinzeka ukugeleza kwamanzi okungaba ngu-40 m / s.
Tshala isitsha nge-moss nezitshalo ukuze udambise izifuyo zokucindezela.
Ukusaphaza kugcina cishe isigamu sehora ngezigaba ezintathu. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-3-15 ngesilinganiso esingu-1.5 mm. Isigamu sehora ngemuva kokuhluma, abantu abadala bayancishiswa. Impompo icishiwe, ukugeleza kwamaqanda okudingekayo kusekelwa yi-aeration.
I-Laboe Fry development
Le nhlanzi i-pegalophil. I-Caviar ivuthwa ngokumiswa, hhayi phansi, okuyivikela ukuthi idliwe ngabazali. Fry uvuthwe amahora ayi-15, ngemuva kwama-24 aqala ukunyakaza futhi afune ukudla. Kulesi sigaba sempilo, impova evela ezinhlamvwini ezigugile ze-algae ne-ciliates ifanelekile.
Kancane kancane yethula isikhuphasha seqanda ekudleni, futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-7-10, i-zooplankton eqediwe. Ukudla okunjalo kuthengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile zezilwane.
Ukubuyekezwa
Iseluleko
- Lapho uhlanza, musa ukuhambisa ngokuqinile indawo yokuhlala yezinhlanzi.
- Ungashiyi i-carp endaweni evulekile, lokhu kuzoholela ekucindezelekeni.
- Iba ngowokuqala ukufaka i-carp ku-aquarium. Faka ezinye izinhlanzi lapho i-labe enemibala emibili ithola.
- Lawula ukutholakala kokudla okwanele ukugwema ukulwa.
- Beka inhlanzi ebihlupheka kungxabano ibe isitsheni esehlukile kuze kube yilapho isilulama ngokuphelele.
- Shiya ukuzalela kochwepheshe.
Ukulandela lezi zeluleko ezilula, ungajabulela ubuhle obuxakile bezilwane ezifuywayo iminyaka eminingi.
Isiphetho
Izinhlanzi zeLabeo zinezinzuzo ezingabazeki:
- ukubukeka okuhle okungajwayelekile,
- umlingiswa ophilayo
- umsebenzi oqhubekayo
- ukungathobeki ekudleni,
Kepha kukhona nokubi:
- babhubhisa izitshalo ngokuzidla
- kunzima ukuzalanisa
- nolaka luqonde komunye nomunye nakwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane.
Kunzima kakhulu ngesiqalo ukubhekana nokuqukethwe kwe-labe, kepha ngesifiso esikhulu akukho okungenakwenzeka.