IScorpion (sea ruff) yinhlanzi yasolwandle enobuthi yomndeni wakwaScorpion, evame ukusetshenziswa olwandle olushisayo nolushisayo (kubandakanya nolwandle olumnyama nolweMedithera), kepha itholakala kakhulu esifundeni sase-Indo-Pacific. Ama-Scorpion aneziqu zesimo se-spikes ebukhali, embozwe nge-mucus enobuthi, kanti namathambo emichilo yamachaphaza nasemahlathini enhlanzi inezindlala ezinobuthi. IScorpion ifinyelela isilinganiso esingu-30 cm ubude ne-1 kg isisindo.
Ama-ruffs olwandle ayizinhlanzi ezingaphansi ezidla ama-crustaceans, ama-mollusks, nezinhlanzi ezincane. Zincamela ukuba semanzini angajulile, lapho zizifihla ngaphansi kwamadwala nezixhobo zamakhorali. Ama-Scorpions ayahamba azingele ebusuku. Ukugwazwa kwabo kuletha ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, okuvame ukusakazeka kuwo wonke umlenze noma engalweni ngokulandela imizuzu.
Vimba ikhiyubhu
Umzimba we-cube-body (ibhokisi-inhlanzi) ungowomndeni waseKuvovkov futhi uhlala ezigodini zasolwandle zaseNdiya, Pacific kanye nase-Atlantic. Le nhlanzi ikhula ize ifinyelele ku-45 cm futhi ibonwa kalula ukwakheka komzimba: ezinhlangothini kukhona amapuleti esigaxa embozwe ngesikhumba esincanyana akha i-carapace. Umbala ophuzi okhanyayo namabala amnyama emzimbeni wale nhlanzi uxwayisa izilwane ezizingelayo ngalesi songo.
Ukudla kwezinhlanzi ezinamabhokisi kuma-algae, ama-crustaceans, ama-mollusks, nezinhlanzi ezincane. Izidumbu nazo ziyafuywa ezindaweni zasemanzini.
Ngaphansi kokucindezelwa noma umuzwa wokusongela, ibhokisi-cube likhipha ubuthi esikhunjeni lingene emanzini, linoshe indawo ezungezile. Inhlanzi ifaka i-sumu ku-ostracitoxin, ebhubhisa amaseli abomvu egazi, iphazamise ukusebenza kohlelo lokuphefumula.
ILionfish
ILionfish (zebra fish) yinhlanzi enoshevu engowomndeni wakwaScorpion, ehlala esimisweni semvelo yasolwandle olwandle lwePacific nolwandle lwaseNdiya. Muva nje, i-zebra lionfish isabalale ogwini lwe-Atlantic e-United States, okuthi, ngokusho kwabaphenyi bezilwane zasendle, umphumela wokulimala kwezindawo zasemanzini okwabangelwa iSiphepho u-Andrew ngo-1992. Lezi zinhlanzi zikhula zize zibe ngu-40 cm ubude futhi zibe nesisindo esingama-1,2 kg. Iminyaka yokuphila kwabo isukela eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kweli-15.
Inhlanzi yeNgonyama inemishayo ebomvu, onsundu nemhlophe emzimbeni. Unama-fins ezinkulu ama-pectoral and elongated dorsal, okuyinto ayisebenzisayo ukubhoboza izicubu zomzimba kanye nokujova ubuthi. Ukufakwa kwamanyeva anobuthi kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, ubunzima bokuphefumula. Imithamo emikhulu yobuthi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu iholela ekuboshweni kwenhliziyo.
I-Pufferfish
I-Pufferfish (puffer fish) ilunga lomndeni wakwaSkalozubov, okubandakanya izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingaphezu kuka-90 ezinokukwazi ukudumba, ukuthola inani elikhulu lamanzi noma komoya, futhi idedele izikhala ezibukhali ezisengozini. I-Pufferfish ihlala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele nesipholile, ikakhulukazi olwandle, kodwa futhi iyatholakala emifuleni enamanzi amnandi eMelika, e-Asia nase-Afrika.
Inhlanzi enkulu kakhulu ye-puffer ikhula ize ibe ngu-90 cm ubude, kepha iningi labamele le nhlobo, njengomthetho, lincane (5-65 cm). Imihlathi yabo inamazinyo ama-4 ahlanganisiwe, enza ifomu le-coracoid. Lezi zinhlanzi zidla kuma-algae nama-invertebrates.
I-Pufferfish ine-toxin tetrodotoxin enamandla, egxile esikhunjeni nasezitho zangaphakathi (amathumbu, isibindi, amathole, ama-gonads) futhi inamandla amahlandla ayi-1200 kune-cyanide. I-Tetrodoxin ubuthi obunobuthi be-neurotoxic obuthinta ubuchopho, obangela ubuthakathaka, ukukhubazeka nokufa, ngisho nokufa ezindaweni ezigxile kakhulu (2 mg).
Naphezu kobuthi nobungozi be-pufferfish, inyama yayo iyisibiliboco eJapan, Korea nase China. EJapan, indishi yale nhlanzi ibizwa nge- "puffer." Ilungiselelwe kuphela ngabapheki abanamalayisense abahlanze kahle inhlanzi enobuthi.
Izinhlanzi ezinobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni
Izinhlanzi zamatshe (i-wart), zomndeni wakwaScorpion, - izinhlanzi ezinobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Le yinhlanzi engezansi ehlala emanzini angajulile esifundeni esishisayo sase-Indo-Pacific. Inombala ongaboli, umbala ompunga futhi ubukeka njengetshe (yingakho igama lelo), lihlangana nendawo yemvelo futhi lizifihle olwandle, njengofezela.
Isundu lezidalwa ezinoshevu
Bafihla izindlala ezinobuthi futhi zigxume emazinyweni nasezinjeni, ebusweni be-gill kanye nemisila. Izinhlanzi ezinobuthi zolwandle zifaka:
Katran (oshaka osabekayo
Akanayo izinzipho, kepha kukhona okokukhiya okubili okubukhali emgqonyeni we-2 dorsal. Ukuphila emaphaketheni, ukudla imollusks, crayfish, inhlanzi.
Ummeleli omncane weklasi lezinhlanzi ezinamasondo we-cartilaginous uzosebenzisa ubuthi obubuhlungu kuphela lapho esondela "esitheni" njengesivikelo.
Ubuthi bunesakhiwo samaprotheni, sibangela i-edema, ubomvu, ukushaqeka kobuhlungu. Ubhujiswa yi-acid, i-alkali, nemisebe ye-UV. Hhayi ukubulala. I-Shark yizinhlobo zezentengiso ezibalulekile.
Qaphela!
I-stingray enamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ama-stingrays)
Abahlali abajwayelekile bezilwandle ezishisayo, isigaba esisodwa esine-quatran. Uchitha ingxenye enkulu yempilo yakhe wangcwatshwa esihlabathini ukuze afihle futhi abuke inyamazane. Kubukeka njengepani lokuthopha elinamabala amahle aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha “ihlome” futhi iyingozi kakhulu.
I-spike enobuthi (okuyindawo yayo engaqondakali kahle) itholakala emsileni, i-ramp engakwazi ukuyisebenzisa hhayi kuphela ukuzivikela, kepha futhi nokuhlasela.
Inhlanzi yeZebra (imicu yamabhubesi ayimigqa)
Amaphinifa abanzi futhi amahle abunjwe ngumuntu oyisidlanzana esinemizila edonsela ukunaka kwezinhlanzi ezincane nabaphambukeli abangenalwazi abanqume ukunqoba ukujula kolwandle eduze kwe-Asia noma i-Australia.
Ubuthi obuqukethwe izinqubo zeganga bubangela ukukhubazeka kwezicubu nokuphefumula. Uma kungekho usizo ngesikhathi, umphumela obulalayo awunakugwenywa.
I-Wart (itshe lezinhlanzi)
Isikhafu esifana namakhorali namatshe. Lokhu kuyingcweti yokulingisa nezinhlanzi ezinolwandle ezinobuthi kunazo zonke. Inhlanzi ifana nenqwaba ezintantayo, ehlanganisa ukukhula, amashubhu kanye ameva anobuthi. Umjovo uholela ekukhubazekeni komzimba, ngakho-ke ohlukunyeziwe udinga ukubhukuda ngokushesha okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Uma kungekho-antidote ususondele, lapho-ke indawo yomjovo ifudumeza khona amanzi ashisayo noma i-hairdryer. Ukushisa kubhubhisa ubuthi ingxenye ethile, futhi kunciphise ubuthi.
Indawo yeshumi. Izinhlanzi zeZebra
Ukuhamba okuhle nokuthakatha kwama-fins amaningi kungadukisa umuntu aqale ukuhlangana nenhlanzi ye-zebra, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-lionfish. Emisebeni yemikhanzi ye-lionfish kunameva amaningi anobuthi, umjovo wawo ongadala ukushaqeka kobuhlungu. Umphumela we Ubuthi ungaba namandla kangangokuba kungadala izicubu ze-izicubu endaweni yelion.
I-lionfish iyingozi kakhulu kubantu abathandayo ukungena emanzini. Indawo yayo eyinhloko ibhekwa njengezihle zamakhorali. Uma, ngokunganaki, ibhubesi le-lionfish lithintekile, ukulimala okuphumayo kungavimba ukuchezuka ekuntantazeleni phezulu.
Kodwa-ke, ikakhulukazi i-lionfish ayihlaseli muntu. Ihamba kancane futhi ifihla noma ilele phansi esikhathini esiningi. Ungowezinhlobo zezinhlaka, ezihlala esifundeni sase-Indo-Pacific. Naphezu kokubukeka kwayo kunokuthula nokuvilapha, inhlanzi ye-zebra iyisisulu esidla izihlobo ezincane ebusuku.
Ubuhle nokugqama kwalesi sidalwa sasolwandle kwashukumisela umuntu ukuba "aphathe" i-lionfish, futhi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka kungatholakala ezindaweni zasemanzini eziphinda zibuye zibonakale ukubukeka kolwandle.
I-Big Sea Dragon / Trachinus draco
Le nhlanzi edla inyama ibizwa nangokuthi yi-scorpion yasolwandle, ngoba izinhlungu eziqukethe izindlala ezinobuthi. Lezi spikes zitholakala gill futhi amaphini kadrako.
Bahlala e-Atlantic, kanye nasemanzini aseMedithera naseMnyama olwandle. Zikhula zibe ngama-45 cm, futhi zingamalungu e-percussion. Silinde inyamazane, izifaka embobeni noma esihlabathini ngezansi, futhi amehlo kuphela asalayo. Kepha udrako ngokwakhe uyaba yimpango. Inyama iyadliwa, futhi ezindaweni zokudlela emazweni aseYurophu kungumbango omnandi kakhulu.
Ebantwini, ukuthinta kwesikhuni esinobuthi kunokuba buhlungu. Inhlanzi ngokwayo ibhekwa njengenye yezidalwa zasolwandle ezinobuthi kunazo zonke eYurophu. Emlandweni, ukufa kwabhalwa ngemuva komhlangano wendoda nodrako omkhulu wasolwandle.
By endleleni, esizeni sethu most-be).ru kukhona i-athikili ethokozisayo mayelana nezinhlanzana zezinhlanzi.
Indawo yesi-9. Shark katran
I-Katran shark iyindawo eyaziwa ngayo yoLwandle Olumnyama - ngemuva kwakho konke, iyi-shark yangempela yaseRussia. Abadobi babiza i-katrana ngokuthi "inja yasolwandle" ngoba inobuqili bokuphamba amanetha asethelwe noma ukudla izinhlanzi ezibambekile. Futhi, ushaka utholakala ngasogwini loLwandle lwase-Okhotsk nolwandle iBering nasemanzini asendaweni ethokomele yendawo kuwo wonke umhlaba.
Ubukhulu obujwayelekile be-katran buyi-1-1,5 m, futhi isisindo singafinyelela ku-16 kg. Naphezu kosayizi wayo omncane, ukwakheka komzimba, amazinyo kanye nombala kuyimele ejwayelekile yomndeni woshaka.
Inja yolwandle ayihlaseli umuntu, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi iyathanda ukuzingela eduze nolwandle. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ikatran ibheka ukugwema umhlangano onjalo, ihambe ngomkhumbi ukusuka endaweni yokuhambela abantu. Phambi kwamaphiko e-dorsal of the katran kukhona izikhala ezibukhali, ezimbozwe ngembovu enobuthi. Ubuthi buthathwa njengobuthi, kepha buthakathaka, kepha bungadala ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala endaweni yesibeletho.
Sekuphele amashumi ambalwa eminyaka kudotshwa ama-quatrans ezimboni:: banenyama emnandi kakhulu, kanti ezinye izitho zingasetshenziselwa ukwelashwa.
Izidudu zasolwandle
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinoshevu faka amagama abo ayi-9. Zonke zihlala emanzini asezingeni elipholile lesimo sezulu futhi azidluli ubude bamasentimitha angama-45. Dragons ingeyokubonwayo.
Ubuthi obukwiDragons bugcwele ispikishi esembozweni se-gill kanye ne-eksisi yenhlawulo ye-dorsal. I-Toxin iprotheni eyinkimbinkimbi. Iphazamisa amasistimu wokujikeleza nezinzwa. Inyoka enobuthi inomphumela ofanayo. Ngokwemvelo, kuyafana nobuthi bezidonsela olwandle.
Kubantu, ubuthi babo abubabulali, kepha bubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukushiswa, kuholela ekuvuvukeni kwezicubu. Inyama kadrako edliwayo ibhekwa njengokudla okumnandi.
Ama-Dragons amancane angabamele ubuthi boLwandle Olumnyama
Indawo yesi-8. Izinhlanzi ezi-Puffer
Izinhlanzi ezi-Puffer akulona igama lohlobo oluthile lwezinhlanzi, kepha ubumnandi baseJapan benziwa obumelele umndeni wezinhlanzi ezi-puffer. Zihlala ikakhulu ezilwandle ezifudumele. Kepha ayatholakala emifuleni emisha yase-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-pufferfish ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okuthile: isikali siphenduka izikhala lapho inhlanzi idonsa ngokushaqeka.
Ukufakwa kanye nesisu salesi sidalwa kuqukethe umthamo obulalayo wobuthi, i-tetrodotoxin, lapho kungekho khona umuthi olusizo. Lapho isisesiswini, i-tetrodotoxin ibangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, bese kuthi izicubu zomzimba kufake phakathi lezo ezibhekene nokuphefumula.
I-pufferfish yaduma ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthandwa kokulungiselela kwabo izitsha ezithandwayo eJapan naseNingizimu Korea. Ngokwezibalo, babalelwa ku-20 abantu abafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yobuthi obunobuthi obunjalo. Lokhu akukukhubazi ama-daredevil ukufaka impilo yawo engcupheni ukuze andise ama-gastronomic abo. Izindleko zesitsha esibulalayo zingakhuphukela ku- $ 500.
Muva nje, ososayensi bathi balethe uhlobo oluphephile lwe-pufferfish. Ukuthi leli qiniso lizophazamisa ukuthandwa kwezidakamizwa zenyama ezinobuthi akwaziwa.
Ama-Stingrays
Lezi izinhlanzi ezinobuthi zolwandle kukhona ama-stingrays, okungukuthi, athambile futhi amaphiko amakhulu we-pectoral. Banesimo sesigqi. Umsila wempisi uhlala ungenamali, kepha uvame ukuba nokuphuma kwe-acicular. Bahlaselwa nabasiki bengqu. Bona, njengamanye ama-stingrays, bayizihlobo eziseduzane kakhulu zabasakazi. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, ama-stingr awanawo umthambo. Amathambo athathelwa indawo yi-cartilage.
Stingray olwandle izinhlobo ezingama-80. Ubuthi babo buhlukile. Ubuthi obunamandla kunabo bonke bunomthambeka onamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-stingray enamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iyona enobuthi kunayo yonke yama-stingrays
Iphesenti elilodwa lalabo abalimele bayafa. Inani lezisulu ngonyaka lilingana nezinkulungwane. Ngasogwini lwaseNyakatho Melika, ngokwesibonelo, njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ubuncane bokuqoshwa kwamacala angamakhulu ayisikhombisa. Ubuthi babo bunomphumela we-neurotropic, othinta uhlelo lwezinzwa. I-Toxin ibangela izinhlungu ezishisayo ezisheshayo
Phakathi kwama-stingrays kukhona amanzi amasha. Enye yezinhlobo ihlala, ngokwesibonelo, e-Amazon. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, amaNdiya ahlala ngasogwini lwawo enza imicibisholo enobuthi, izindunduma, imikhonto kusuka ezinhlanzini zenhlanzi.
Marine lionfish
Bangabomndeni wes scorpion. Ngaphandle, i-lionfish ihlukaniswa ngemigqomo eyandisiwe ye-pectoral. Zidlulela ngale kwe-anal, efana nezimpiko. Namanje i-lionfish ihlukaniswa ngezinaliti eziveziwe ku-dorsal fin. Kukhona ameva ekhanda lezinhlanzi. Inalithi ngayinye inobuthi. Kodwa-ke, kususwa ameva, ibhubesi le-lionfish, njengamanye ama-scorpion, lingadliwa.
Ukubukeka okumangazayo kwe-lionfish kuyisizathu sokugcinwa kwabo emanzini. Amasayizi amancane futhi akuvumela ukuba uthandwe yinhlanzi ekhaya. Ungazikhethela ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-20 ze-lionfish. Ingqikithi yezinhlobo zezinhlayiya ziyi-100. I-Lionfish kuyo ingolunye uhlobo.
Yize kunobuthi be-lionfish, zivame ukufakwa ezindaweni zasemanzini ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okuhle.
Izinhlanzi ezinobuthi kunazo zonke phakathi kwe-lionfish - i-wart. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuthiwa yitshe. Igama lihambisana nokufihlwa kwama warts ngaphansi kwamakhorali olwandle, izipanji. Inhlanzi inamachashaza, amashubhu, izifufula. Lezi zokugcina zinobuthi. I-Toxin iholela ekukhubazekeni komzimba, kepha kukhona i-antidote.
Uma lokhu kungenzeki, isayithi lomjovo lifudumeza ngangokunokwenzeka, ngokwesibonelo, ukucwilisa emanzini ashisayo noma ukufaka okunye esikhundleni sezinwele. Lokhu kunciphisa izinhlungu, kubhubhisa ingxenye yamaphrotheni ubuthi.
I-wart noma i-fish itshe eliyimfihlo yokufihla
I-Sea bass
Lolu uhlobo lwenhlanzi. Inezinhlobo eziyi-110 zezinhlanzi. Konke kuhlobene nofezela. Njenge-bass yasemfuleni, izinhlanzi zihlukaniswa ngemigqomo enamakhaza ayinqaba. Izimbazo kuzo yi-13-16. Kukhona spikes on the ikhava gill. Emeveni - ubuthi.
Lapho inj inj, ingena enxebeni ihambisana nomucu osibekela amachaphaza namaphiko we-perch. Ubuthi busakazeka ngohlelo lwe-lymphatic, lubangele i-lymphadenitis. Lokhu kungukunyuka kwama-lymph node. Lokhu ukusabela kwamasosha omzimba ebuhlungu.
Esizeni somjovo onama-spikes we-bass yasolwandle, izinhlungu nokudumba kukhula ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi bezinhlanzi abuzinzile, buchithwa yi-alkalis, i-ultraviolet kanye nokushisa. Okubuthakathaka ikakhulukazi ubuthi be-perch kusukela olwandle iBarents. Izinhlobo ezinobuthi kakhulu zasePacific. Uma ubuthi bulimale eziningana kumuntu oyedwa, ukuboshwa kokuphefumula kungenzeka.
I-Sea bass
Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Arab
Iphindisela umndeni wokuhlinzwa. Kungokuhleleka kwe-percussion. Ngakho-ke, ubuthi bezinhlanzi bufana ne-toxin ye-bass yasolwandle, ibhujiswa ukushisa. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka kodokotela ohlinzayo kude nokubonakala kwezihlobo.
Umzimba wezinhlanzi uthambile ngokuqinile kamuva, phezulu. I-caudal's Fin's fin inesimo se-crescent. Umbala uyahlukahluka kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane. Odokotela abaningi abahlinzayo bayathungwa, ngemivimbo ekhanyayo namabala.
Umndeni wokuhlinza izinhlobo ezingama-80 zezinhlanzi. Ngaphansi nangaphezulu komsila une-spikes ebukhali. Zifana nomaskandi. Igama lenhlanzi lihlotshaniswa nalokhu. Akuvamile ukuthi lidlule amasentimitha angama-40 ubude, okukuvumela ukuthi ugcine izilwane e-aquarium.
Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Arabhiya ilungu lomndeni elinolaka kakhulu. izinhlanzi ezinoshevu zoLwandle Olubomvu. Lapho, lesi silwane sivame ukuhlasela ngezinhlobonhlobo, ama-scuba divers.
Udokotela ohlinzayo waqamba igama lezinhlanzi ngenxa yenhlansi ye-ventral efana ne-scalpel
Okwesibili izinhlanzi ezinobuthi
Okwesibili izinhlanzi ezinobuthi ziqongelela i-saxitoxin. Lokhu akuyona iprotheni, kepha i-alkaloid ehlobene nezinto ezihlanganisiwe ze-purine. Isihlungu siqukethe ama-plankton dinoflagellates nama-mollusks amaningi. Zifanele ukuthola ubuthi kusuka ku-unicellular algae, kanye nalawo avela emanzini, ziqongelela into ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Ama-eels olwandle
Lezi izinhlanzi ezinobuthi zolwandle kukhethwa amanzi asezindaweni ezishisayo, afinyelela lapho cishe amamitha amathathu ubude. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-eels adla i-shellfish, edla i-peridinium. Lezi ngama-flagellates. Isimo samathanga abomvu sihambisana nawo.
Ngenxa yokuqongelela kwama-crustaceans, amanzi olwandle aphenduka abomvu. Kodwa-ke, izinhlanzi eziningi ziyafa, kepha ama-eels azivumelanisa nobuthi. Imane ifakwa esikhunjeni, izitho zokuqaqamba kokuwohloka.
Ubuthi ngenyama ye-eel bugcwele ukugcwala, ukuqina kwemilenze, ulimi, uhudo nobunzima bokugwinya. Kulokhu, ukunambitheka kwensimbi kuzwakala emlonyeni. Cishe i-10% yokulimala kobuthi ngokufa okulandelayo.
I-eel yasolwandle
IMackerel
Umndeni ubandakanya i-tuna, i-mackerel, i-mackerel yamahhashi, i-bonito. Zonke zidliwe. I-Tuna ibhekwa njengentengo yobumnandi. In izinhlanzi ezinobuthi zomhlaba i-mackerel "irekhodwe", iyindali. Inyama iqukethe i-histidine.
Le yi-amino acid. Iyingxenye yamaprotheni amaningi. Lapho inhlanzi ifudumele isikhathi eside, amabhaktheriya athuthukisa lokho kuguqula i-histidine kuyi-saurin. Lokhu yinto efana ne-histamine. Ukuphendula komzimba kuyo kuyefana nokuqina komzimba.
Ungakhomba inyama enama-mackerel enobuthi ngokunambitheka okubukhali, okuvuthayo. Ngemuva kokudla inyama, ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa umuntu uqala ukuhlukunyezwa ikhanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iya oma emlonyeni, kuba nzima ukugwinya, inhliziyo iqala ukushaya ngokushesha. Kokugcina, imivimbo ebomvu ivele esikhunjeni. Ziyabuna. Ubuthi buhambisana nesifo sohudo.
Ubuthi beMackerel buchazwa ngokungadli inyama yenhlanzi entsha
I-Sterlet
Lokhu inhlanzi ebomvu inobuthi ngenxa ye-vizigi - amakhethini endwangu eminyene. Ingena esikhundleni somgogodla wezinhlanzi. Ukuncibilika kufana nentambo. Siqukethe i-cartilage nezicubu ezithintekayo. Ukuhlanganiswa akunangozi ngenkathi inhlanzi isanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le zinto ezibucayi ezisheshayo zishesha kunenyama eyinyumba. Ngakho-ke, i-cartilage ingadliwa kuphela ngosuku lokuqala ngemuva kokubanjwa kwezinhlanzi.
Hhayi kuphela i-screech engaphazamisa isidlo, kepha i-stalllet gallbladder iqhuma lapho gutting. Okuqukethwe emzimbeni kunika inyama ukunambitheka okumunyu. Ukugayeka kungenzeka.
Izinhlanzi ezi-Sterlet
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile nokudla okunempilo, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-300 zezinhlanzi ziba ubuthi. Ngakho-ke, kwezokwelapha kunegama elithi ciguater. Zibonisa ubuthi bezinhlanzi. Ikakhulu izikhathi eziningi zabadlali bezinsimbi ezirekhodiwe ezifundeni ezisogwini loLwandlekazi iPacific naseWest Indies.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, izibiliboco ezinjengamaqembu abonayo, i-karanx ephuzi, i-crucian carp, i-anchovy yaseJapan, ibhokisi le-barracuda, nebhokisi elinezimpondo kufakwa ohlwini olungabikhona.
Inani lezinhlanzi emhlabeni lidlula izinkulungwane ezingama-20. Amakhulu ayisithupha anobuthi kubo abonakala kancane. Kodwa-ke, uma kuncike ekushintsheni kwezinhlanzi ezinobuthi futhi nokwanda kwezinhlanzi ezinobuthi, musa ukubukela phansi izinhlobo “zokuncipha” zale klasi.
I-American Stingray / Dasyatis thetidis
Onke ama-stingray anesisindo esingaba yingozi kubantu, kepha izinhlobo eziningi ziphila ekujuleni okukhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho ukuhlangana nazo akuvamile. Kukhona ne-stingray enamanzi amnandi anobuthi ahlala emanzini ase-Amazon.
I-stingray yaseMelika ihlala emanzini angajulile ezindaweni ezisogwini lweLatin naseNyakatho Melika. Bakhetha ukuhlala bodwa, kepha kwesinye isikhathi babhukuda ngababili nangamaqembu amancane. Umbala we-disc unsundu phezulu ne-beige noma ukhilimu phansi. Ubukhulu oburekhodiwe bohlobo lwalezi zinhlobo bungaphezu kwamamitha amabili. Ekupheleni komsila kukhona isigaxa esiminyene esixhunywe kwizinyoka ezinobuthi.
Lapho behlangana nomuntu, bathanda ukucasha, kepha amacala okuhlasela ayaqoshwa. Esiqhingini saseFiji, bekukhona icala lapho lolu hlobo lwezinyobu lushaya i-Australia ngameva esifubeni. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, indoda ishonile ngenxa yesenzo sobuthi.
I-Blue Spotted Reef Stingray / Taeniura lymma
Umhlali omuhle, kodwa oyingozi oLwandle Olubomvu unobuthi obunobuthi kunabo bonke ama-stingrays. Kuyatholakala nasemanzini oLwandlekazi iPacific kusuka ogwini lweSolomon Islands kuya ogwini olusempumalanga yezwekazi lase-Afrika.
Ungayihlukanisa ngezindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nemivimbo emide kuyo yonke i-disc. I-spike emsileni, ifana ne-dagger ngesimo, ingakhula ifinyelele kuma-37 cm. Kuwo womabili umphetho, i-spike enjalo imbozwe ngemidwebo ebukhali. Ramp uyisebenzisela ukuvikela. Eceleni kwesipikili kukhona isitolo esinezimbali ezinoshevu.
Ubuthi, ukungena emzimbeni, kudala ubuhlungu obukhulu be-spasmodic, kuthinta uhlelo lwezinzwa nezicubu zomzimba. Kunezimo lapho imijovo yale misebe iholele ekufeni.
Katran / squalus acanthias
Ukulinganisa kwethu kwezinhlanzi ezinoshevu kakhulu ku- most-be).ru kuqhutshekiswa ngu-Black Sea shark Katran. Kubantu, akuyona ingozi njengezihlobo zayo zasolwandle, kodwa kuma-spikes kunenani elincane lobuthi obuthakathaka.
Ifinyelela kubude obufika kumamitha ayi-2,20, kanti isisindo esikhulu singama-30-35 kg. Ngaphezu koLwandle Olumnyama, itholakala ezindaweni ezinomkhawulo we-Atlantic. Ubuthi yiprotein enkudlwana. Ngomjovo, ubomvu buqala, ukushiswa okukhulu, okunyamalala ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Le yinhlobo yohlobo loshaka evame kakhulu emhlabeni, kepha iyodwa kuphela etholakala oLwandle Olumnyama. AmaKatrans akhetha ukuhlala phansi, kodwa ngokukhululeka ukuhlala kwikholamu lamanzi eliphakathi. Ngenxa yomkhuba wabo wokubhukuda ezansi, kunzima ukutadisha.
Indawo yesi-7. Izinhlanzi eziyizigaxa
Inhlanzi ye-toad inokubukeka okungathandeki ngokuphelele: esikhunjeni sayo kukhona ukukhula okuningi kanye nezinzipho ezinobuthi, futhi ukufana kwama-amphibian angenabuqili obulele ngendlela ekhethekile yokuhlikihla nokumba usilika. Indawo yokuhlala eyingxenye engasentshonalanga yoLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. Inosayizi omncane: ubude obukhulu abudluli ku-44 cm, nesisindo - 2.5 kg.
Naphezu kwesimo sayo esincane, lesi sidalwa sisebenzisa ama-crustaceans amakhulu, kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane kanye nama-mollusks. Elele phansi, ubamba isisulu sakhe ngejubane lombani. Isici salokhu okuhlalwe phansi ekujuleni kolwandle kwakuyikhono lwe-toad yolwandle ukwenza imisindo, kubonisa ubukhona bayo. Isiginali yevolumu ingafinyelela ama-decibel ayikhulu, aqhathaniswa nobuningi beketanga elisebenzayo.
Ubuthi benhlanzi enjalo abumeleli ingozi ebulalayo, kepha bungadala ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokulimala komzimba.
Inimicus / Inimicus japonicuf
Ukujova kwenhlanzi encane yolwandle ngengozi kungafaniswa nokuluma kwenyoka. Shono igama layo lesiLatini lihunyushwa ngokuthi "isitha".
Emhlane wakhe unamaphiko e-radial, ngaphansi kwawo kukhona izidalwa ezikhiqiza ubuthi obunobuthi kakhulu. Zihlala eduze kwezixhobo zamakhorali nasezindaweni ezisogwini lolwandle olushisayo. Ziphinde zitholakale emanzini afudumele. Babonwa ogwini lwaseChina naseKorea.
Inhlanzi encane inokubukeka okuhle kodwa okuhle kodwa. Amehlo asezingeni eliphakeme, kanti iziponji azigcini emaphepheni kuphela, kodwa nakwezembozo ze-gill. Emazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, inyama yakhona idliwayo. Kepha, njengenhlanzi kaFugu, u-Inimikus udinga indlela ekhethekile yokupheka.
Ungaphuthelwa, izinhlanzi ezi-10 ezesabekayo kakhulu emhlabeni esizeni sethu iningi-beentl.ru eziqoqwe kule ndatshana.
Indawo yesi-6. Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon
Abamele umndeni wokuhlinza, ohlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, ungobunye ubungozi obukhulu kubavakashi abangenalwazi. Indawo yokusabalalisa ibhekwa njengamanzi afudumele eduze nogu lwesifunda sase-Indo-Pacific. Iningi lezinhlobo lihlala oLwandle Olubomvu.
Ukubukeka okungenacala nombala omuhle kuvame ukudukisa abahambi. Izinhlanzi ezihlinzayo zinosayizi omncane: ubude obukhulu babantu abakhulu bungafinyelela ku-40 cm. Abalungiselela ukuhlala ezihlahleni zamakhorali, bedla i-algae.
Udokotela ohlinzayo walithola igama lakhe ngenxa yameva, abukhali njenge-scalpel, etholakala eduze kwe-dorsal fin eduze nomsila. I-spikes igcwele uketshezi olunobuthi, olungadala ubuhlungu obukhulu nobunzima bokuhamba ne-diver. Odokotela abahlinzayo abaxuthi futhi izikhali zisetshenziswa kuphela lapho kunobungozi obukhulu, kepha abafundisi bokumba balwa njalo ukuthi bangahlali kude nabo.
I-Wart (i-Lionfish) / i-Synanceia verrucosa
Enye yezinhlanzi ezinobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni ukhetha ukuhlala ezihlahleni zamakhorali emathangeni ama-algae namatshe aphansi. I-master yeqiniso yemaski engaphansi kwamanzi ilingisa kalula umbala wangaphansi. ILionfish itholakala emanzini angajulile ePacific kanye nase-Indian Ocean.
Ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo, ibizwa nangokuthi yizinhlanzi zamatshe. Ngasemuva ungabuka amashubhu amaningi, ukukhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emuva kunemigqa eminingana yama-spikes abukhali aqukethe ubuthi obunobuthi kakhulu. Ubuthi, bungena emzimbeni, budala ukuthuthumela okukhulu, ukukhubazeka komzimba. Umuntu othinteka yi-wart kufanele aphathe i-antidote ngokushesha.
Ukuphila impilo ezolile, imvamisa kulele phansi. Ngakho-ke kuhlale kukhona ingozi yokumane ungene emeveni anobuthi enhlanzi eyingozi. Inhlobo yatholakala ngonyaka we-1801 ngudokotela wamaphilisi waseJalimane nodokotela wezemvelo uJohann Schneider. Uqale ngokuthola nokuchaza uhlobo olusha lwabantu abahlala olwandle olufudumele nolwandle.
Ekuzalweni, izinhlanzi ezinjalo azinazo izitho ezikwazi ukukhiqiza ubuthi. Ngenqubo yokuphila, aqongelela i-saxitoxin emzimbeni, bese ebulala. Ukudla izidalwa zasemanzini ezinjalo kuyabulala, kepha izinhlobonhlobo ezilungiselelwe kahle ziba izibiliboco zangempela.
Indawo yesi-5. Stingray
Ama-stingrays angabameleli abakhulu bezinhlanzi ze-cartilaginous, ikakhulukazi ezihlala ezansi: inqwaba yama-stingrays ingafinyelela ku-20 kg. Ama-Cartilaginous ahlala cishe kuwo wonke amanzi e-equatorial, ancamela ukuhlala emanzini angajulile.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-ramp iyisidleke, ayisihlukumezi kubantu. Kodwa-ke, njengesivikelo, kungasebenzisa isikebhe esinobuthi esisesiqongweni somsila. Kurekhodwa ukufa okumbalwa okuvela ekuhlaselweni kwe-stingray.
Elinye lamacala acasulayo kakhulu ukushona komethuli we-Naturalist-TV owayedumile, uSteve Irwin, obedume ngokukhethekile ezinhlelweni zokudubula ngezilwane eziyingozi ikakhulukazi. Njengoba eseqale ngokudubula uchungechunge mayelana nemithambeka, u-Irwin wanquma ukuziphenya mathupha izindawo ahlala kuzo. Ngenkathi umsakazi ethulula kwelinye lama-stingrays, akubuke njengokuhlasela, washaya u-Irwin ngesigaqa esifubeni. Ngeshwa, i-spike enobuthi yafika ngqo enhliziyweni, ngakho-ke ukufa komuntu okwaziwayo ngemvelo kwacishe kwashesha.
Ngemuva kokushaywa, isicucu sihlala emzimbeni wesisulu, bese kukhuphuka isipikha esisha emsila werempu. Naphezu kwengozi yokufa kwezilwane, kwesinye isikhathi anokuthula futhi ufuna ukwazi. AmaCayman Islands ahlukahlukene kwesinye isikhathi abukisa abaqalisi be-scuba abaqalayo besuthisa i-stingray ezandleni zabo.
Brown Puffer / Takifugu rubripes
Kulesi sithombe, inhlanzi yasolwandle enobuthi evela emndenini we-pufferfish, lapho isidlo sakwamanye amazwe silungiswa khona eJapan. Amagugu omhlaba wonke aphupha ngawo. Kukhona i-brown puffer eseduze kweziqhingi zaseJapan.
Ku-cuisine yaseJapan, ibizwa nge- "Puffer Fish." Sekukonke, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-26 zabakhukhumali ziyaziwa ezilungele ukulungiswa kobuciko obukhulu obunjalo. Abadala bafinyelela ku-80 cm ubude. Izindawo ezinkulu ezimnyama zitholakala emzimbeni. Ngezikhathi zengozi, iyajuluka, ngaleyondlela isabise izitha zemvelo. Ngenxa yokuhamba kwayo kancane, ayikwazi ukucasha, ngakho-ke imane ikhuphukile.
Ukufunda ukupheka le nhlanzi iminyaka eminingi, ngakho iningi lezitho zayo zinobuthi obulalayo. Ukupheka ngokungafanele kuzoholela ekufeni ngokushesha.
Indawo yesi-4. Udrako wasolwandle
Inhlanzi encane ethafile, umuntu omkhulu kunayo yonke ofinyelela kuma-30 cm, ukuduma kwezulu kunxweme lolwandle Olumnyama. Ibizwa nangokuthi yi-scorpion: izinhlungu ezinobuthi zitholakala emaphepheni nasegazini lukadrako, olukhipha, luphume ngaphandle kokukhosela ngesivinini sombani. Ukuma komzimba okuphakeme kwenza udrako abukeke njengenyoka.
Isivakashi singagijimisa esidlekeni esincane ngaphandle kokushiya ebhishi, ngoba izindawo eziyizintandokazi zokumzingela zimane nje zingamanzi angajulile, lapho emba khona silika, silindele inyamazane.
Ukujova kukadrako kubuhlungu kakhulu: kungadala ukukhubazeka okuyingxenye kwezitho, isicanucanu kanye nokuphefumula. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zokufaka ubuthi ngoshevu wezinhlanzi, noma umphumela obulalayo kungenzeka, ngakho-ke, ngokushesha ngemuva kwalesi sigameko, udinga ukubonana nodokotela: kukhona izidakamizwa ezisebenzayo ezenza ubuthi buqine.
Isiphetho
Ngakho-ke sithole ukuthi yini, izinhlanzi ezinobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Sengiphetha, ngithanda ukuxwayisa ukuthi uma usohambweni oluhlotshaniswa nokuvakashela ugu lolwandle kanye nolwandle, kufanele uzijwayeze ukuthi zingaba zingozi zini lezi zindawo. Ababulali abayingozi bangaba yizihlambi ezinkulu nezinhlanzi ezincane, eziqukethe ubuthi obunamandla kakhulu emizimbeni yabo. Ubuhle obuningi bulindele imibono yakho ethokozisayo. Yiziphi izinhlanzi ezinobuthi kunazo zonke owake wahlangana nazo? Sitshele indaba yakho!
Indawo yesi-2. Inimicus
I-Inimicus, njengezakhamizi eziningi ezinobuthi zokujula, zingamalungu omndeni wes Scorpion. Inhlobo, ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo kabi, inezidlaliso eziningi ezesabekayo: i-goblin, ghoul, iva lodeveli. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isidalwa sithanda indlela yokuphila ephansi, sikhethe izindawo ezaziqhelelisiwe, ngakho-ke kulula ukungena kuso.
Phakathi kwesikali sezinhlanzi kukhona ameva anobuthi athi akhiphe ubuthi obuyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni - i-neurotoxin ebangela ukukhubazeka.
Indawo yokuqala. Izinhlanzi zamatshe
Itshe lezinhlanzi, elibizwa ngokuthi i-warty, laqanjwa ngegama lesizathu esihle - liyigama lokuzifihla. Ungumnikazi ofanele we -golide isilinganiso - uyinhlanzi enobuthi kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ungahlangana nama warts echibini elishisayo elisogwini lolwandle kusuka kuLwandle Olubomvu kuya ogwini lwase-Australia. Ngenxa yokungasebenzi kwakhe, ukhetha ukulala phansi noma odakeni olusogwini.
Ingozi ilele emeveni abukhali angemuva kwethanga, agcwele ubuthi obulalayo. Ama-spikes angabhoboza kalula izicathulo, ngakho-ke izivakashi kudingeka ziqaphele ikakhulukazi futhi zibheke ngaphansi kwezinyawo zazo. Ubuthi ngaphandle kokuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha bungadala ukufa okungenakugwenywa. Ubuhlungu besitho esithintekile bukhulu kangangokuba isisulu singacela ukusinqamula.
Uma, noma kunjalo, odokotela bekwazi ukumisa imiphumela yokusabalala kobuthi,-ke akusilona iqiniso ukuthi umuntu ohlukunyeziwe uzelapheka: bekukhona izimo lapho umuntu odonsa kanzima ehlala ekhubazekile impilo yakhe yonke.
