Ukuzamazama komhlaba ngoDisemba 26, 2004 ngasogwini lwase-Indonesia, kwabangela igagasi elikhulu - i-tsunami, eqashelwa njengenhlekelele yemvelo ebulala kakhulu emlandweni wanamuhla.

NgoDisemba 26, 2004 ngesikhathi esingu-3.58 eMoscow (00.58 GMT, isikhathi sendawo esingu-7.58) ngenxa yokushayisana kwamapuleti e-India, Burmese ne-Australia, enye yokuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu kakhulu okungaphansi kwamanzi emlandweni we-Indian Ocean.

Ngokwezilinganiso ezahlukahlukene, ubukhulu bayo babuqala ku-9.1 kuye ku-9.3. I-US Geological Survey (USGS) ilinganise ubukhulu bokuzamazama komhlaba ngezinga elikhulu le-9.1.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwaba namandla kakhulu kusukela ngonyaka we-1964 kwathi owesithathu ngobukhulu kusukela ngo-1900.

Amandla akhishwe ngesikhathi kuzamazama umhlaba acishe alingane namandla okugcwala komhlaba wonke kwezikhali zenuzi noma ukusetshenziswa kwamandla komhlaba ngonyaka.

Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwaba nomthelela ekushintsheni okukhulu kwezembe lokujikeleza komhlaba ngamasentimitha amathathu, futhi usuku lweMhlaba lwehla ngama-microsecond amathathu.

Ukuguqukela phezulu kokuqhekeka komhlaba endaweni ephakeme yokuzamazama komhlaba bekuyimitha engama-8-10. Ukufuduka okucishe kufane, okwenziwe ngasikhathi sinye kwepulasitiki yasolwandle kwabangela ukuwohloka komhlaba wangaphansi olwandle, okwavusa ukubukeka kwegagasi elikhulu.

Ukuphakama kwalo olwandle oluvulekile kwakungamamitha angama-0.8, esifundeni esisogwini - amamitha ayi-15, nasendaweni ebanzi yindawo eshisayo - amamitha angama-30. Ijubane lamagagasi olwandle oluvulekile lafinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-720 ngehora, futhi njengoba lalincipha endaweni engasogwini, lehla laya kumakhilomitha angama-36 ngehora.

Ukushaqeka kwesibili, i-epicenter yayo eyayicishe inyakatho kweyokuqala, yayinobukhulu obungu-7.3 futhi yabangela ukwakheka kwegagasi lesibili le-tsunami. Ngemuva kokuthuswa kokuqala, okunamandla kakhulu ngoDisemba 26, ukuzamazama komhlaba kulesi sifunda kwenzeka cishe nsuku zonke amasonto ambalwa ngesilinganiso esiphakeme sama-5-6.

Iziteshi zokuzamazama komhlaba eRussia zarekhoda ama-40 asterhocks (ukuzamazama komhlaba okuncane) kuyo yonke indawo okuqubuka kuyo. Izinsizakalo ezifanayo zase-US zibabale kwangama-85, kwathi insiza yokulandela umkhondo wokuhlola inuzi, eseVienna (Austria), - 678.

I-tsunami ebangelwa ukuzamazama komhlaba yafika ngokushesha eziqhingini zaseSumatra naseJava. Ngemuva kwemizuzu ecishe ibe yi-10- 20 ifike e-Andaman naseNicobar Islands. Ngemuva kwehora nesigamu, itsunami yafika ogwini lwaseThailand. Ngemuva kwamahora amabili, yafika eSri Lanka, ugu olusempumalanga yeNdiya, iBangladeshi neMaldives. EMaldives, ukuphakama kwamagagasi bekungadluli kumamitha amabili, kepha iziqhingi ngokwazo azikhuphuki ngaphezu kolwandle olungamamitha angaphezu kwesigamu nesigamu, ngakho-ke izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zensimu yenhloko-dolobha yesifunda sesiqhingi sakwa-Male zazingaphansi kwamanzi. Ngokuvamile, iMaldives ayizange ihlupheke kakhulu, ngoba zizungezwe yizimbotshana zamakhorali ezazidonsa ngamandla amaza futhi ziqede amandla azo, ngaleyo ndlela zihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuvela ku-tsunami.

Ngemuva kwamahora ayisithupha, igagasi lafika ogwini olusempumalanga ye-Afrika. Emahoreni ayisishiyagalombili wedlula uLwandlekazi i-Indian, kwathi ngosuku, okokuqala emlandweni wokubona amaza, i-tsunami yazungeza ulwandle lonke. Ngisho nasogwini lwePacific lwaseMexico, ukuphakama kwamaza kwakungamamitha ayi-2,5.

I-tsunami iholele ekubhujisweni okukhulu kanye nenani elikhulu labantu abashonile ogwini loLwandlekazi i-Indian.

Ugu lwase-Indonesia lwalimala kakhulu. Kwezinye izindawo esiqhingini saseSumatra, imifudlana yamanzi ingena ezweni ngamakhilomitha ayishumi. Amadolobhana asogwini nemizana asuswa ebusweni bomhlaba, futhi izingxenye ezintathu zogu olusentshonalanga yeSumatra zacekelwa phansi ngokuphelele. Lapho kutholakala amakhilomitha ayi-149 ukusuka endaweni yokuzamazama komhlaba kanye nedolobha eligcwele izikhukhula iMolabo, izakhiwo ezingama-80% zacekelwa phansi.

Ukushaywa okukhulu kwezinto ezikhona eThailand kwathathwa iziqhingi zasePhuket, Phi Phi kanye nezwekazi ezifundazweni zasePhang naseKrabi. EPhuket, amaza abangela ukubhujiswa okukhulu nokufa kwabavakashi abangamakhulu amaningana nezakhamizi zendawo. Isiqhingi sasePhi Phi okwesikhashana sacishe sanyamalala ngokuphelele ngaphansi kolwandle saphenduka ithuna lesigidi samakhulu abantu.

Isigameko esibi sihlasele esifundeni i-Khao Lak esifundazweni iPhang, lapho bekukhona amahhotela amaningi akhuphuke kakhulu. Igagasi lokuphakama kwendlu enezitezi ezintathu lidlule lapho amakhilomitha amabili phakathi. Amakamelo aphansi wezindlu namahhotela akhiwe ngasosebeni, ayengaphezu kwemizuzu engu-15 ngaphansi kwamanzi, aba isicupho sezakhamizi zawo.

Amagagasi amakhulu aholele ekufeni kwabantu abaningi eMalaysia, eSri Lanka, eMyanmar naseBangladesh. I-tsunami yathuthuka i-Yemen ne-Oman. ESomalia, izifunda ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe ziye zathinteka kakhulu.

I-tsunami ithinte iPort Elizabeth eNingizimu Afrika, ebangeni elingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-6,9 ukusuka endaweni yokuzamazama komhlaba. Ogwini olusempumalanga ye-Afrika, amakhulu abantu aba yizisulu zale nhlekelele.

Inani eliphelele lezisulu emazweni athinteka nge-tsunami e-Asia nase-Afrika namanje akwaziwa kahle, kodwa ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, lesi sibalo sinabantu ababalelwa ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-230.

Ngenxa ye-tsunami, abantu abayizigidi eziyi-1,6 baphoqeleka ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo.

Ngokuqagela kwe-UN, okungenani abantu abayizigidi ezi-5 badinga usizo. Ukulahleka kobuntu kanye nezomnotho bekungelakubalwa. Umphakathi womhlaba wonke waqala ngokushesha ukusiza amazwe athinteke yi-tsunami, eqala ukuletha ukudla okubalulekile, amanzi, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha nezinto zokwakha.

Ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyisithupha zomsebenzi wokusiza abezimo eziphuthumayo, i-UN yahlinzeka ngokusatshalaliswa kokudla kubantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1,7, yahlinzeka ngezindlu kubantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1,1 ezingenamakhaya, yahlela ukuphuza amanzi kubantu abangaphezu kwesigidi esisodwa, futhi yagoma isimungumungwane ezingaphezulu kwezigidi eziyi-1,2. Ngenxa yokulethwa okusheshayo nangokufanele kwezidingo zosizo oluphuthumayo, kungenzeka ukuthi kuvinjelwe ukufa kwenani elikhulu kakhulu labantu abaphucwa izinto ezidingeka kakhulu, futhi kuvikele nokuqubuka kwezifo.

Usizo lwabantu olwenzelwe izisulu zokuzamazama komhlaba kanye ne-tsunami wedlula ama- $ 14 bhiliyoni.

Ngemuva kwale nhlekelele yemvelo, i-Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), i-UNESCO yathunyelwa ukuba ithuthukise futhi isebenzise uhlelo lokuxwayisa nge-tsunami nolwandle oluyi-Indian Ocean. Ngo-2005, kwasungulwa I-Intanethi Yezinhlangano Zokubumbana Zabasebenzi. Njengomphumela weminyaka eyisishiyagalombili wokubambisana kwamazwe omhlaba ngaphansi kwe-IOC, i-Tsunami Warning System yethulwa ngoMashi 2013, lapho izikhungo zokulandela umkhondo we-tsunami e-Australia, e-India nase-Indonesia zithathe umthwalo wokuthumela izexwayiso ze-tsunami oLwandlekazi i-Indian.

Izinto ezilungiselelwe ngesisekelo semininingwane ye-RIA Novosti nemithombo evulekile

Izimbangela ze-tsunami oLwandle i-Andaman

Imbangela ye-tsunami ogwini lweThailand ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu eLwandle i-Indian. Ngeshwa, uhlelo lokuxwayisa aluhlali lukhona ukwazisa okufika ngesikhathi mayelana nengozi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, futhi ngo-2004 iThailand ayizange icabange nakancane ngale ndaba.

Inkinga enkulu yokuzamazama komhlaba olwandle oluvulekile ukusakazeka kwamagagasi ebangeni elibalulekile. Igagasi elikhulu lingathola amandla alo okubhubhisa endaweni evulekile. Izindawo eziseduzane zokuvela kwalesi simo semvelo yiPhilippines ne-Indonesia. Okusho ukuthi, imithombo yokuqala ingezindawo zokuzamazama komhlaba koLwandle iPacific, kanti okwesibili, ulwandle i-Indian Ocean.

Ngonyaka we-15 we-tsunami eThailand, owazibonela ngawakhe wabelana ngezinkumbulo

NgoDisemba 26, 2004, ukuzamazama komhlaba kwahlasela olwandle i-Indian olwabangela i-tsunami ebhubhisa kakhulu emlandweni wanamuhla. Amagagasi amakhulu abulala abantu abangamakhulu ezinkulungwane e-Indonesia, eSri Lanka, eNdiya, eThailand nakwamanye amazwe. Esiwombeni sokuqala semicimbi bekungabavakashi. Phakathi kwalabo ababebandakanyekile ekuphindweni kwabo futhi babuyela ezweni lakubo kwakunguViktor Kriventsov, owayesebenza ngaleso sikhathi e-Honorary Consadors yaseRussia ePattaya. Ngomhlaka 15 weminyaka we tsunami, wathumela udaba kuFacebook. Ngemvume yombhali, siyishicilela ngokugcwele.

“Ngase ngisebenza eRoyal Cliff nasenkulungwaneni enobuhlonishwa ePattaya, futhi umphathi wenhloko yomnyango wamanxusa aseRussia, uVladimir Pronin, wayesesesikhundleni leso. UVladimir ungumthungi wangempela, ovela kuNkulunkulu, futhi kuleso simo uyiqhawe langempela. Wasuka ngokushesha waya ePhuket, wasebenza lapho ezimweni zokuphila ezimatasa nokusebenza, ubusuku nemini, amasonto amaningi, ngaphandle kokudonswa iphunga elibi lezimo zokuziphatha ezithuthukisiwe ngaphansi kwezindondo, wabe esengitshela izinto eziningi kakhulu, kepha lezi zindaba ikakhulukazi azihambanga ngokudangala kwenhliziyo , futhi ngeke ngikubize. Ngizokunikeza iqiniso elilodwa nje elibi, yize bekude kakhulu nokubi kakhulu okuzwakele: ehhotela elibizayo laseLwandle Lak lelo kusasa elibuhlungu, amakamelo esitezi sokuqala avele agcwele amanzi ngokuphelele, ophahleni, kuya esitezi sesibili, KWAMASEKHONDI angu-40, ngaphandle kokushiya noma ubani elele lapho ithuba elincane kakhulu lokusinda. Bazithela emibhedeni yabo.

Kuze kube namuhla, elinye iqhawe langempela lisebenza ehhovisi lePhuket lenkampani yethu, uSasha, obehlangene nabavakashi ekuseni ngalolo suku, kungenzeka ukuthi usindise impilo yabo ngokuqaphela indlela esondela ngayo yesikhathi ngesikhathi.

Kepha konke lokhu kwakungekho kimi, yize umsebenzi wethu ePataya wawusezingeni eliphezulu, kepha nokho wawungethusanga kangako - ukuthunyelwa kabusha kwabantu ababehanjiswa ePhuket, ukubuyiselwa kwemibhalo yabo ebekiwe nokusesha, ukusesha, ukusesha okungahambanga. Izinsuku eziningi ngaphandle kokulala nhlobo, ngokomqondo.

Into eyangihlaba umxhwele kakhulu kimi kwakuyindaba yendoda emangalisayo futhi enhle, ukuxhumana okwathi, maye, ngalahlekelwa yiyo ngemuva kwale ndaba.

Ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyintombazane emomotheka kakhulu yaseBelarusian egama lingu-Inna Protas. Waphumula ngesikhathi se-tsunami ePhuket, waphunyuka ngokuyisimangaliso, ehla ngomlenze ophukile. Ngokubambisana nezinkulungwane zabanye, wachitha ubusuku izinsuku eziningana eziphakeme ezintabeni, khona-ke wakwazi ukuthuthela ePataya. Vele yonke into yaminza kuye - imali, imibhalo, izingubo.

Izingubo zokudla ziyinkinga ezingaxazululeka, khona-ke akekho noyedwa owabheka izindleko ezinjalo, zondla futhi zagqokisa labo abasindayo. Akunazinkinga ngezindlu noma - i-Consvocate iseCliff, lapho sekukhona amakamelo angama-1,090.

Uhambe ngendiza edlula eMoscow, ngakho-ke sabuyisa indawo yakhe eTransaero ngosizo lwommeleli wezindiza eThailand, futhi akekho noyedwa owavela eMoscow. Futhi bebeyochoboza - kunokuthile okwakhombisa abahahayo ukuthi bangadlali isilima futhi bangazuzi ngosizi lomunye umuntu. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwesinye isikhathi bekufanele bakholise abanye ngosizo lwabantu abalungile, futhi bakuyo yonke indawo, abantu abalungile - kuHhovisi likaMongameli, ngokwesibonelo, eMnyango Wezangaphandle, i-FSB kanye nehhovisi lomshushisi. Kuhle, uyazi, lapho ngezibhali, kusebenza kakhulu.

Inkinga enkulu ekulesi simo nge-Inna yimibhalo! Ikhonsathi eseduzane yaseBelarus iseHanoi, eThailand awukwazi ukubhala, wenze okuthile?!

Isikhathi, amahora amaningi, ukuxhumana nokuxhumana ngocingo kwaqhubeka phakathi kommeli waseRussia eBangkok, abaseBelarus eHanoi naseMoscow, uVladimir ePhuket kanye nami nami ePattaya Consulate. Umbuzo wawungekho kuphela ngokusuka eThailand, kodwa futhi mayelana nokungena eRussia - kwakungekho tsunami kanye nesiphuthumayo lapho!

Isixazululo nokho satholakala ngentando yabantu abaningi abanomusa futhi abakhathalelayo - UVladimir Pronin kanye nozakwabo kwinxusa laseRussia, uVladimir Tkachik - inxusa laseBelarus eHanoi - kanye nenhloko yomnyango wenxusa laseBelarusian eMoscow (ngehlazo lami, angikhumbuli igama lakhe, futhi kuyisihawu - isenzo esinje uyamhlonipha lomuntu) ngokuzibandakanya kwenceku yakho ethobekile. U-Inna uthathe isinqumo sokuthumela kusuka e-Utapao ibhodi yeTransaero iye eMoscow (empeleni, inkohliso emehlweni abaphathi baseThai, kanye neRussia neBelarusian nayo) Isitifiketi sokubuya saseRussia esikhishwe ngummeli eBangkok. Futhi eDomodedovo, noma kungakenzeki konke okulawulwayo, ngabe wahlangatshezwa yinhloko yomnyango wenxusa laseBelarus, owafunga ukuthi ngeke asimise futhi sibambe lobu buqili emehlweni onogada basemngceleni waseRussia futhi, yini, akukho emthethweni (kodwa kulungile!) Isitifiketi esikhishwe (saphuma) futhi uya eThailand evela eDomodedovo njengesakhamuzi saseBelarus, hhayi iRussia!), umchithe masinyane, unikeze u-Inna enye, i-Belarusian, yona uqobo ayibhala phansi, wanamathisela isithombe se-Inna, engimthumelele sona ngogesi imeyili, futhi usuvele ekuyo mholele ngaphesheya komngcele, ukondle, usize, uma kunesidingo, futhi undize uye eMinsk.

O, ubungabona izitifiketi zokubuya ezikhishwe ngaleso sikhathi. Embassy, ​​amafomu abo ayatholakala unyaka owodwa ngaleso sikhathi. Izingcezu ezingama-50, futhi amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zabantu baseRussia balahlekelwa amadokhumenti abo! Ngakho-ke, ifomu lokugcina elisele lalikopishwa kukopishi, futhi inombolo noma incwadi longezwa kulelo nalelo khophi ngalinye elikhishwe nepeni. Okokuqala, "12345-A", "B", "E" (basebenzise izinhlamvu ezifanayo kuphela nezinhlamvu zesiLatini ukuze uThais akwazi ukufaka izinombolo ohlelweni lwabo lokufuduka), bese “AA”, “AB”, “AE”, bese kanye ne- "AAA", "AAA", "ABC". Futhi amakhulu abantu ahamba futhi ahamba.

Hhayi-ke, kuhle - kukhona umuntu, kukhona ithikithi, kunombhalo ongathandeki. Kepha ukwenziwa kwesigaba esilandelayo sale adventure - ngandlela thile ukudonsela amaBelarusian ngokombhalo waseRussia ngesithombe esenziwe ngopende, kuye kwanikezwa ngaphandle kwesithombe. kahle yebo kimi. Inkinga, ikakhulukazi ukukhuluma, namanje ukuthi - ohlelweni lokufuduka, ungumuntu waseBelarusian, hhayi owesifazane waseRussia!

Esigabeni sokuqala e-Utapao, kusobala, "umphumela we-tsunami" emqondweni waseThai ngaleso sikhathi, ikhophi edabukisayo embhalweni obhalwe phansi owalahleka ngesikhathi seTsunami, imiyalo evela kubaphathi bokufika ukuthi abulawe kanye nalabo abahlukunyeziwe, futhi baphelezelwe ngummeli weTransaero egqoke umfaniswano wendiza nami ibheji elivumelanayo eline-tricolor kanye nombhalo owesabekayo ngezilimi ezintathu, egameni loNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle Nezwe laseRussia nelaseThailand, eliyalele "zonke iziphathimandla zomphakathi nezamasosha ukuthi zinikeze lonke usizo olunokwenzeka kulowo ophethe." Futhi, ngokweqiniso, ukubukeka okudumazayo kwe-Inna encane enomlenze ophonswe. okuyinto, ngaphambi kokulawula ipasipoti, ngayala ngokuqinile ukuba ngifihle ukumamatheka kwakhe okumnandi, futhi ngijabule futhi kwakha ubuso obudabukisayo nobunzima ngangokunokwenzeka :)

Noma kunjalo, ngisho nangayo yonke le ngcindezi esemthethweni neyokuziphatha, onogada basemngceleni bazama ukuthola ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi uMiss Protas andize abaleke e-Belarus abaleke futhi abe ngumRussia? Umbuzo okungekho noyedwa kithi owawuthola impendulo esemthethweni. Thais yonke le mibuso yethu ehlanganyele kwisigubhu.

Yini, kahle, ngikubuza, bekufanele ngikwenze lapho kungekho ukuphikisana. Ngisenamahloni okuncane ngaleyo nceku esegugile yomngcele waseThai, ngoba ngiqale. emthuka. Unesizotha, ungakhethi futhi mubi.

Ukuthi isihogo sini lokhu okwenzeka lapha, ngakhwaza phambi kwabo bonke ababukeli bokulawulwa kwamaphasiphothi, ngiveza uzwela olucacile. Uyabheka, cha, umane umbuka nje, kule ntombazane enenhlanhla emjondolo! Ekuqaleni, ngasizathu simbe, wayibhalela phansi i-Belarusian ohlelweni lwakho - kuwe, Thais, ngiyakusho, ukuthi uRatsia, lowo Belal, lowo uYukeyn, lowo Modova - konke kuyinto eyodwa, "Sovet", ngiyakubongela! Lapho-ke kulokhu eThailand yakho, le Phuket ingane yakho empofu iphule umlenze wayo iminza ngezinto zezimali, yachitha ubusuku bonke ezintabeni otshanini, yagcwala ukuthi abantu abalungile abazoyinikeza, manje manje ulapha?! Hhayi, vula, ngithi, isango lakho, ngaphandle kwalokho bonke ojenene ngokuhlangana bazokuphinda bakubize!

Kahle. kwakusebenza, ini. Sithathe u-Inna nommeleli ebhodini leTransaero, samlethela i-ramp, futhi lapho amantombazane anomusa ayemlungiselele isigaba esivela ezihlalweni ezimbili zempi ezigabeni zebhizinisi.F-fuh, sabamba umoya wethu, saphuza ushukela ezitokisini zezindiza, sawufaka emaphaketheni ethu, kwaba nesono, ibhodlela levodka ne-punch yesabelo esisezingeni lebhizinisi, ukuze kuthi emuva kwesikhathi siqaphele impumelelo yalolu hlelo, samukela u-Inna, owamamatheka, waxhawula izandla nomkhuzi, wasusa amantombazane ayezihambela ngendiza yebo wehla endaweni yaseRussia waya ezweni laseThailand. Balinde ukuthi bonke abagibeli balayishwe, ngenkathi iminyango ivaliwe, izinjini ziqala ukusetshenziswa, kwanikezwa isibonakaliso sokuthi indiza indize, base beqonda emkulwini bangena emotweni.

Akuphelanga sikhathi esingakanani sahamba. Omunye ubize umshayeli wethu, wasukuma, wagxumela kule ndawo, ngokumamatheka okunecala kudlulisa owemukelayo kummeli weTransaero. Futhi lapho, ngaphandle kwamafasitela, sibheke, futhi indiza yethu ime emgqeni.

Ukuzisola kwethu okungenamkhawulo nentukuthelo engenamandla, "umphumela we-tsunami" uyekile ukuthinta amaThais ngokoqobo imizuzu embalwa ngaphambili kunokuba wawudingeka. Othile smart lapho, ngeshwa, watholakala. Ummeli watshelwa ngocingo: "Leli ngamaphoyisa abokufika. Sifisa ukukhuluma nomgibeli wendiza yakho osuka kuyo, uNkk Inna Protas, ukuze kucaciswe ukungaqondi okuthile. "

Ngixhume ucingo futhi, ngokungibhebhethekisa ngendlela enenhlonipho nenhle kakhulu ngaphambili, kwangazisa ukuthi singakuthokozela kakhulu ukunikeza lonke usizo olunamandla kubaphathi baseThai, kepha lokhu kube kubi: INdame Protas isivele isendaweni yaseRussia. Ngemuva kokudlula, phakathi, nokulawulwa kwamaphasiphothi waseThai ngendlela esemthethweni.

Cha, hhayi ukugibela. “Noma kunjalo, siphikelela engxoxweni noMadame Protas,” ngezwi elinokhahlo. Futhi, bheka, indiza inikezwa isibonakaliso emgqeni - off the track hit, bathi, izinjini. Waminza.

Isimo asisijabulisi futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, siyisiphephelo. Yebo, bona, sicabanga ukuthi, ngeke bakwazi ukungena emgodini, futhi i-Inna nayo izokhethwa lapho - amakhanda azondiza, lesi yisenzo sobunhloli bamazwe aphesheya. Kepha indiza ayikwazi ukundiza. Ummeleli waseTransaero uhleli e-minivan enobuso obungemnandi, ezibuza ukuthi uzodonsa kuphi abantu abaningi eMosike noma ehhovisi lamanxusa. UThais ocingweni aphakamise amazwi abo. Umkhuzi wendiza ushayela i-cockpit futhi umemeza ngokusobala ukuthi kuyena, hhayi thina, ozohlawuliswa futhi ajeziswe ngokubambezeleka indiza, manje usezovula umnyango aphonse, nah, le nkinga eceleni kwakhe. Ngimphendule ngamagama afanayo nawokuklabalasa athi, nah, ngizame - futhi lokho kuzoba nguye, isisulu sokufakelwa umoya, nah, ngosuku lokugcina ebeligadle, phesheya kwezilwandle nakakhulu. Ahhh.

Ngakho-ke, udinga usizo lwe-artillery esindayo. Ngashayela ucingo eBangkok, enxusa, futhi lapho abalalanga izinsuku eziningi, abantu basendlunkulu baphendula izinkulungwane zezingcingo behluleka nokuqonda ukuthi yini eyayikhona ebhodini, luhlobo luni lweBelarusian. Ngabe sengikhipha umoya ojulile, ngaphelelwa ngamandla. futhi ngabona ukuthi kwakudingeka ukufaka ingcindezi ku-bureaucracy.

Waphanyeka, washayela inxusa inxusa, ngezwi elizolile nelingenandaba lathi: "Wuthola umyalezo ngocingo." Lokhu kungenye into, kuyinto ejwayelekile, futhi isikhonzi sathobela ngokulalela sabhala umbhalo engisawakhumbula cishe uqobo. Ngoba ngiyaziqhenya ngaye. Ngoba kwakudingeka kuleso simo esibi ngokweqile ohambweni, ekucindezelekeni, endaweni ebomvu eshisayo, ukuthola amagama abeka izindlebe zawo wonke amanxusa nawo wonke uMnyango Wezangaphandle WaseThai onenkosi yamaphoyisa ngokungeziwe. futhi babengenayo idonsi elilodwa lamanga!

“Ngokushesha. Inxusa laseRussia. Ngikwazisa ukuthi eXX: XX namuhla, ngoDisemba XX, 2004, endaweni yesikhumulo sezindiza i-Utapao, abaphathi baseThailand bavimbe indiza yaseTransaero yaseRussia, inombolo yendiza i-XXX XXX, indiza ye-UN XXX Utapao - eMosos s. (lapha, esidle lesi simo ngaso leso sikhathi, ngakho-ke, wabamba isikhulumi, wasikisela ngesihluku ukuthi: "Amakhulu amabili namashumi amane nesishiyagalolunye!") (“Abayishumi nane!”) Amalungu e-14 abasebenzi, ngaphandle kwesizathu sokufuna ukuba yisakhamuzi esivela endaweni yaseRussia. Futhi enkundleni yezindiza, iziphathimandla zaseThailand zivimbe ibinibus nomuntu omele inkampani yezindiza kanye nomphathi wokuhlonishwa okuhlonishwayo weRussian Federation. Udlule uKriventsov. " Wanikela, walalela imininingwane, wanqanyulwa waqala ukulinda, wangazinaki izingcingo ezihlasimulisa umzimba zabokufika kanye ne-FAC. Futhi isikhathi siqaphele.

Umuntu kumele aqonde ukuqondisisa kwanoma yisiphi isisebenzi esingejwayelekile noma esingaphansi kwesakhiwo sezakhiwo zikahulumeni, engikwazi kahle. Ujwayele ukuvula imigqa eyomile yemibhalo esemthethweni ezithombeni ezicacile zangempela. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma kunjalo, izithombe ziphuma zikhanya kakhulu, njengakulesi simo, kodwa bengicabanga lokhu! Njengoba abafana abajwayele abavela enxusa bengitshele kamuva, behleka, izindaba ezivela e-Utapao ezinemininingwane esabekayo zivimbe okwesikhashana izindaba ezivela kuPhuket nokubaluleka kwako. Ngokusobala, babona into embi lapho - okuthile okufana namaketanga abashaye ngezibhamu enkundleni noma okuthile okunjalo.

Futhi-ke kwaqala.

- UVictor Vladislavovich? Le nxusa elisizayo liyakhathazeka. Inxusa licela ukuba lazi ngalesi simo, ukuthi inxusa selivele lixhumana noMnyango Wezangaphandle waseThai nokuthi lolu daba luzolungiswa kungekudala.

- Qamba uVictor! Le nguPanga (Honour Consul of Russia). Inxusa lingibizile, lichaza lesi simo, sengivele ngabiza umfowethu (lo mfowethu wabe esebamba isikhundla esilinganiselwe sikanobhala ongapheli woMnyango Wezangaphandle WaseThai), ungakhathazeki.

- UVictor Vladislavovich? Ntambama enhle, Iseluleki Sokuphepha Kwenxusa. Sinjani isimo? Akunjalo, unganqotshwa ukucasuka, ungaphumi kubhasikidi, hlala uzolile - usizo lusendleleni. Bazosebenzisa amandla - bathi lokhu kungukuphulwa kwemihlangano yezizwe nokuthi lokhu kubasongela kanye nezwe labo ngemiphumela emibi.

- UVitya, sawubona (isikhulu esijwayelekile kunamathiselwe ezempi)! Yini, hehe, yini ipulaki yakho e-Utapao? Usizo lwemikhumbi, izindiza, amabutho ahamba emoyeni, ukwahlukaniswa kweTaman kuyadingeka, gee-gee? Kulungile, kulungile, ngiyaxolisa - sinakho konke nje ezindlebeni zethu ngenxa yakho. Ngamafuphi, umphathi wethu ubize umphathi wenkampani - uthe, uzokubheka manje bese uxazulula inkinga. Phezu kwekhala, fighter!

- Sawubona, ingabe iViktor Vladislavovich? UMnyango Wezangaphandle WaseRussia ukhathazekile, sicela ubike ngalesi simo kanye nenani lezakhamizi zaseRussia ezibanjiwe (vele, inxusa laliphephile futhi labikwa eMoscow).

- Sawubona! Sawubona! Lo nguVictor Vladimir. Vladislavovich? Sawubona, ngingumqondisi woMnyango XXX weTransaero Airlines. Ngabe ummeleli wethu lapho eduze kwakho? Uyamnikeza ipayipi, ngiyacela, ngaphandle kwalokho abaphathi bethu badidaniswe umsebenzi ophuthumayo ovela phezulu wanikeza kuphela ifoni yakho - asikho isikhathi sokubheka inombolo yakhe. Futhi ungakhathazeki nge-FAC - iqembu nezinqubomgomo zikahulumeni sezivele zichaziwe kuye. Okokuqala kimi. ngamchazela, ngabe sengimtshela. Ngomuntu. Kuchaziwe. Njengomuntu.

Eminye imizuzu engama-20 e-miniy ecwebezelayo enenjini icishiwe kanye nomoya opholile, futhi ishiya imichilo, isusa izinduku zayo ezibomvu njengezinti ze-ski, indoda esemakhanda, kanye nokuzwakala kwama turbines endiza aqala ukwakhiwa. Futhi kusuka endaweni ethile ekude kakhulu, umshayeli wethu ubonakala ngokumamatheka okufanayo, unqamula injini futhi, oh yebo, umoya opholisa umoya futhi usiyisa opholile be-terminal.

Sidlulisa ukuthukuthela, kepha senza ngokucophelela sengathi asikho lapha, amaphoyisa abokufika, siyaphuma siyongena emgaqweni futhi, sibhema ngenkani, sibabaza ubuhle be-Boeing 777 emgodini we-Transaerian okhuphuka ngenhla kwe-Utapao nokwenza i-U-Turn enhle. Ngisho nokuphuza akukho mandla noma isifiso. Yikho, le ndaba iphelile, omunye wabaningi.

EMoscow, konke kwahamba kahle, futhi ngiyethemba ukuthi u-Inna wafika ekhaya ephephile, ngoba emavikini ambalwa kamuva kwafika incwadi yokubonga ivela kunxusa laseBelarusian elaseVietnam (naye obhekene neThailand). Manje kufanele ilele endaweni ethile kubhokisi lokungenayo lonyaka we-2004 ekhomishini.

Futhi kimi, le ndaba yaba inkumbulo yesinye isiqephu esikhanyayo sempilo yami nesizathu sokuqhosha ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi esinzima ngangilusizo kubantu abaningi.

Ngemuva konyaka ngemuva kwe-tsunami, iziphathimandla zaseThailand zamema izintatheli ukuba zibonise ukuthi umsebenzi wokwakha kabusha uqhubeka kanjani.

Ngingathanda futhi ukuthatha leli thuba ukuphendula abantu, ngenxa yokungazi noma ukuxabana, ababhala ngezikhathi ezithile: “Kungani laba abadinga ukudingida ngokujwayelekile, abahluphi, kukhukhunathi kuphela abancela emithini yesundu! Uyabona, imibuthano ka-Cicero kaFacebook, emhlabeni, kanye nokunye okusensimini, i-99.9% yezenzo ezinhle yenziwa ngokungabonakali kwabanye futhi ikakhulukazi ngaphandle kokuthunyelwe kwemidiya yezenhlalo, izihloko eziphakeme kakhulu futhi womile udumo, ukuqashelwa emphakathini nokubonga. Futhi akekho owazi le ndaba iminyaka engu-15, ngaphandle kwabahlanganyeli bayo abaqondile - futhi ngemuva kwakho konke, yi-13 kuphela yale minyaka eminyakeni yami eyodwa futhi engaphenduki kwelinye lamazwe amaningi anezindaba ezinjalo.

Thatha uVladimir Vasilyevich Pronin ofanayo, ophinde futhi abambe uMnyango wezenxusa laseRussia eThailand. Ukwenza isibonelo, lapho ufunda izimemezelo zokuthi ufika ePattaya njalo ngeviki ngeMigqibelo noma ngamaSonto, amukele nezindaba zokupasisha, uyaqonda yini ukuthi lokhu ukwenza eholidini lakhe ngokusemthethweni? MASONTO ONKE? Futhi yini okumele yenziwe ngempelasonto, ngoba phakathi nezinsuku awukwazi ukuphuma ngenxa yokuqhuma? Ukuthi ifoni yakhe ivulwe ubusuku nemini.

Futhi ngifisa impela ukuthi i-Inna Protas emamatheka ibe nempilo enhle kuleminyaka eyi-15. ” :)

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kushicilelwe, umbhali u-Inna wabhalela umbhali.

Qala

Ekuseni okujwayelekile kakhulu ngoDisemba, ukushaqeka okunamandla kolwandle kuholele ekubalekisweni kwezixuku ezinkulu zamanzi olwandle. Olwandle oluvulekile, lwalubukeka luphansi, kepha lwalulelwa izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha amanzi, ngesivinini esikhulu (kufika ku-1000 km / h) ukushesha ogwini lweThailand, Indonesia, Sri Lanka ngisho ne-African Somalia. Lapho amaza esondela emanzini angajulile, anciphisa ijubane, kodwa kwezinye izindawo athola osayizi abaxakile - afinyelela kumamitha angama-40 ukuphakama. Njengama-chimera athukuthele, baphatha amandla aphindwe kabili amandla azo zonke iziqhumane Zempi Yesibili Yomhlaba ngamabhomu enuzi kaHiroshima neNagasaki.

Ngalesi sikhathi, abahlali nezivakashi ezisogwini olusentshonalanga yeThailand (iPhuket, isifundazwe saseKrabi neziqhingi ezincane eziseduze) zaqala usuku olujwayelekile kakhulu. Omunye ubephuthuma emsebenzini, omunye umuntu ubesembhedeni osembhedeni othambile, kanti omunye umuntu wayesenqume ukujabulela ulwandle. Ukuthuthumela bekungabonakali nakancane, ngakho-ke akekho noyedwa owayesola ingozi yokubulawa kwabantu.

Kwabaningi, kwakuwusuku olujwayelekile olwandle.

Cishe ihora emva kokuzamazama komhlaba olwandle, kwenzeka into eyisimanga emhlabeni: izilwane nezinyoni zabaleka zibaleka, umsindo we-surf wema, namanzi ngokushesha olwandle ashiya ugu. Abantu abaxakile baqala ukuphuma baye ezindaweni ezinamanzi asolwandle beyolanda amagobolondo nezinhlanzi ezingadalulwanga.

Akekho owabona udonga olusondele lwamamitha ayi-15 luvela emanzini, ngoba lwalungenalo irabha elimhlophe, futhi isikhathi eside lubonwa ngokuhlangana komhlaba wolwandle. Lapho bembona, kwase kudlule isikhathi. Njengengonyama ethukuthele, ngokubhonga nokubhonga, ulwandle lwawela emhlabeni. Ngejubane elikhulu, yayithwala imifudlana yamanzi athukuthele, ichitha, idabula futhi igaya yonke into esendleleni yayo.

Ulwandle lwangena ngokujulile ezweni ngamakhulu wamamitha, nakwezinye izindawo - ukuya kumakhilomitha amabili. Lapho amandla akhe esephelelwe amandla, ukunyakaza kwamanzi kuyema, kepha kuphela ukuze abuyele ngejubane elifanayo. Futhi maye kulabo ababengenaso isikhathi sokufihla. Ngasikhathi sinye, ingozi yayingeyona kangako amanzi uqobo, kodwa lokho eyayikuthwalela. Izingcezu ezinkulu zenhlabathi, ukhonkolo nokuqiniswa, ifenisha ephukile, izimoto, izimpawu zokukhangisa, izintambo eziphezulu zamandla kagesi - konke lokhu kusongele ukubulala, ukuthopha kanye nokukhubazeka noma ngubani ozithola esekujuleni kolwandle.

I-2004 Tsunami eThailand

Lapho amanzi esehamba

Ngemuva kokuba isiphelile, kwabonakala isithombe esisabisayo emehlweni abasindile. Kwabonakala sengathi imidondoshiya emibi yayidlala imidlalo yama-eerie lapha, ihambisa izinto ezinkulu futhi ibashiya ezindaweni ezingalindelekile kakhulu: imoto egumbini lokuhlala ehhotela, isiqu sesihlahla efasiteleni noma echibini, isikebhe ophahleni lwendlu, amamitha ayikhulu ukusuka olwandle ... Izakhiwo ezazikade ziyizo emi ogwini, acishe abhujiswa ngokuphelele. Imigwaqo yaphenduka umdweshu ophuma ezingcebeni zefenisha, izimoto ezazinamacele futhi zaphakeme, ingilazi ephukile, izicucu zezintambo futhi, okubi kakhulu, izidumbu zabantu nezilwane.

Imiphumela ye-2004 Tsunami

Ukuvuselelwa kweTsunami

Izinyathelo zokuqeda imiphumela ye-tsunami zaqala ukuthathwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphuma kwamanzi. Onke amasosha namaphoyisa ahlanganiswa, amakamu ezabahlukumezekile ahlelwa ngokutholakala kwamanzi ahlanzekile, ukudla nendawo yokuphumula. Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo, ingozi yokuqubuka kwezifo ezihambisana nomoya namanzi okuphuza yayanda njalo ngehora, ngakho-ke, uhulumeni kanye nabantu bendawo babenomsebenzi onzima: ukuthola bonke abantu abafile ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, ubakhombe futhi ubngcwabe ngendlela efanele. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwakudingeka imini nobusuku, ngingazi ukulala nokuphumula, ukukhetha i-rubble. Ohulumeni bamazwe amaningi omhlaba bathumela izinsizakusebenza zabantu nezezinto ezibonakalayo ukusiza abantu baseThai.

Isibalo sokushona kwabantu ogwini lwaseThailand sifinyelele kubantu abangama-8500, abangama-5400 kubo bekuyizakhamizi zamazwe angaphezu kwamashumi amane, ingxenye yesithathu yazo beyizingane. Kamuva, ngemuva kokuba ohulumeni bamazwe athintekile bekwazi ukuhlola umonakalo ophelele, itsunami yango-2004 yaqashelwa njengeyedlula yonke eyake yaziwa ngaphambili.

Eminyakeni eminingi ngemuva kwenhlekelele

Ngonyaka olandelayo kuphawula iminyaka eyi-10 yosizi olwabulala abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-300 futhi kwaletha usizi nokuphelelwa yithemba kubantu abengeziwe emhlabeni jikelele. Ngalesi sikhathi, iThailand yakwazi ukwelulama futhi yavuselela ngokuphelele izindawo ezazithintekile. Ngonyaka owodwa ngemuva kwenhlekelele, udaba lokuhlinzekwa kwezindlu zalabo abalahlekelwe ngophahla lwamakhanda lwaxazululwa.

Amakhaya amasha, ikakhulukazi ogwini, manje ayakhiwa ngokuhambisana nezidingo ezikhethekile. Idizayini yabo, izinto zokwakhelwa nendawo ezikuyo kuzovumela ukumelana nezinto zasolwandle futhi uma usongelwa, ukunciphisa ukulimala nokubhujiswa.

Kepha okubaluleke kakhulu, iThailand ijoyine uhlelo lwamazwe omhlaba lokulandela olwandle ngokujikisa kokuhamba kwamanzi olwandle, ongabikezela ngalo kusengaphambili nge-tsunami. Esiqhingini nasemadolobheni, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi kuqhamuke amaza amakhulu, izinhlelo zezexwayiso kanye nokubaleka kwabantu zenziwe. Kwenziwa umsebenzi obanzi wokufundisa ngenhloso yokwazisa abantu ngemithetho yokuziphatha uma kwenzeka kuba nenhlekelele yemvelo.

Namuhla, i-phobia esejwayelekile ngaphambi kwe-tsunami eThailand ayisasebenzi. Izivakashi ezinomdlandla onobunzima futhi zigijimela ogwini lombuso futhi zikujabulele ukuhamba kuleli lizwe elimangalisayo. Ugu manje lubukeka luhle kakhulu kunendlela olwalunayo, futhi yizimpawu kuphela ezinemithetho yokuziphatha uma kwenzeka kukhunjulwa ingozi ngo-2004. Kepha lokhu kungaphandle kuphela. Inani elikhulu lezindawo eziphukile zabantu zishiya izinto ngemuva. Isikhathi eside, abantu bazogcina ukukhumbula ukwesaba kwabo nokudabuka kwabo abangakwazi ukubuyiselwa.