Lo mhlali ohlala olwandle ngokubukeka ubukeka njengeqhawe lesithandwa ngu-cartoon abaningi "Ukuthola uNemo" kanye nochungechunge oluthi "Ukuthola Dory." Ungowomndeni ohlinzayo futhi uhlala emanzini afudumele nasolwandle. Ake sibheke yini udokotela ohlinzayo oyingozi nokuthi ungayinqanda kanjani ingozi engaba khona yezempilo.
Udokotela ohlinzayo onsundu
Ubizwa nangokuthi yiRoyal Surgeon noma iHepatus Surgeon. Bayibize ukuthi ngenxa yombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ocebile womzimba, ohlanganiswe nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwesinye isikhathi cishe amamaki amnyama engxenyeni engenhla. Isidumbu sodokotela ohlinzayo wasebukhosini sithambile sivela emaceleni, simude futhi sinesimo selamula. Amaphini we-anal ne-dorsal adlulisiwe eduze komzimba, i-caudal fin ipendiwe ngombala okhanyayo we-lime onomngcele omnyama. Inezipikili ezingakhishwa uma kungenzeka kusongelwe ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, udokotela ohlinzayo uvikela inhlanzi ezitheni, futhi ngempumelelo enkulu - amabala e-spike abukhali, anjengecala le-scalpel. Abantu bale nhlobo abakhuli ngaphezu kwama-20 cm.
Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Arab
Inhlanzi inomzimba othambile kanye nomsila obunjiwe okotshwe ngemvelo. Ikhula ibe ngu-40 cm. Umbala uyimpunga yesiliva, ulula esiswini. Ingxenye engenhla yekhanda nezinhlangothi zinemivimbo emincane emide yombala omnyama. Kukhona amabala wewolintshi ngaphansi kwamaphinifa we-pectoral nangaphansi komsila. Ama-anal, ama-dorsal, nama-caudal fins amnyama amnyama futhi ahlanganiswe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ingxenye engenhla yamaphinifa e-pectoral iphuzi, emuva kumhlophe, futhi banomngcele omnyama ocacile.
Uhlobo lubonakala ngokufutheka nokwanda komhlaba.
Udokotela ohlinzayo webele elimhlophe
Umbono unegama lesibili - udokotela ohlinzayo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ubhekwa njengomunye wabamele abaziwayo kakhulu bohlobo phakathi kwezazi zasemanzini. Udokotela ohlinzayo wezinhlanzi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ubizwa kanjalo ngoba unomthunzi wesafire ocebile wesikali. Ikhanda limnyama ngokuphelele, lihlukaniswe ngombala oyinhloko umucu omhlophe onsundu. Amaphiko we-ventral kanye ne-anal nawo amhlophe; Udokotela ohlinzayo webele elimhlophe uhlangana kahle nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, kodwa akunconywa ukuba uzigcine ngohlobo lwakhe.
Udokotela ohlinzayo waseJapan
Le nhlanzi ayikhanyi njengezakwabo. Umzimba wakhe ungaba nombala onsundu, onsundu ngombala omnyama noma ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ukubukeka kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi udokotela ohlinzayo wethusi. Izisekelo zamachaphaza amachashaza nokuhlanza zinomucu ohlukile ophuzi nolamula, lawo manzi ngokwawo amnyama ngomngcele we-turquoise. Ngemuva kwe-dorsal fin, kudlula i-orange noma ibovu obomvu. Umsila umhlophe futhi uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onomugqa oqondile we-lime. Kukhona ibala elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kweso elingena emlonyeni. Izinhlanzi zingaphila nabanye odokotela abahlinzayo futhi zizimele.
Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Imperi noma i-zebrasoma ephuzi
Ama-Zebrasomes awuhlobo oluhlukile lodokotela ohlinzayo, anezinhlobo ezi-5. Imizimba yabo inesimo sikanxantathu oyindilinga onomlomo owululiwe. I-zebrasome enomsila ophuzi inombala onsundu ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi umsila namathiphu wamaphini we-pectoral aphuzi ngokugqamile. Indawo yekhanda nengaphansi komlomo imbozwe amabala amancane ansomi. Ama-Zebrasomes abhekwa njengabekezeleleki futhi anolaka phakathi kwabahlinzayo futhi aqukethe eyodwa kuphela.
Ihambisana nezinye izinhlanzi
Udokotela ohlinzayo angakwazi ukuhlangana nabamele abaningi be-coral reef. Akukhathazi ama-invertebrates futhi ayihlukumezi ezinye izinhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwezinhlobo zazo siqu zingaba nolaka kakhulu.
Endle, le yinhlanzi eyodwa, eyakha izikole kuphela zokuhlanza.
Udokotela ohlinzayo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nolimhlophe angaphila nezilwane ezinjenge:
Kepha i-Arabian noma i-zebrasome kungcono ukuzihlalela wedwa. Futhi, akufanele ugobe ama-seahorses kodokotela abahlinzayo - bangashona eduze komakhelwane onamahloni.
Indlela yokuhlinza
Indlela yokuphila yasemini iyakhetheka inhlanzi ehlinzayo, futhi inesimo sokuvikela indawo yayo, okungekho muntu uvunyelwe kuyo: abafowabo, noma abanye abamele izilo. Ukuzala kabusha kwenzeka eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu ubudala. Ngesinye isikhathi, owesifazane oyedwa uphonsa amaqanda angaba ngu-38,000. Amafry azalwa esobala futhi angafani ngokuphelele nabazali bawo. Zinombala ohlukile, ozolile futhi awukho umsila oyingozi. Kuze kube iminyaka ethile, izilwane ezincane zizama ukucasha ekujuleni kwezixhobo zamakhorali, lapho izinyamazane ezinkulu zingenandlela. Ezinye izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa zingaphila ngaphezu kwamashumi amabili eminyaka.
Ekuphekeni, lolu hlobo lwenhlanzi alunandaba nakancane nenyama engenambathi.
Uhlobo olunjalo oluhamba nenhliziyo ethanda inkululeko njengodokotela ohlinza izinhlanzi luzodinga umthamo omkhulu wezindlu. Umuntu oyedwa kufanele okungenani abe namalitha amanzi angama-200, futhi ngokufanele, wonke amalitha angama-350. Lapho kukhula i-aquarium, izinhlanzi zizizwa zizolile ngokwengeziwe. Ngamavolumu amancane, umzabalazo wensimu uvame ukubonakaliswa, othiwa igama lenhlanzi, ungagcina wehlulekile.
I-aquarium lapho kuhlinzwa khona odokotela abahlinzayo kufanele babe nobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele.
Njengomhlabathi, udwala onobubanzi obungabi ngaphezu kwama-5 mm uzoba ofanele kakhulu. Isihlabathi esihle ngeke sisebenze, njengoba sizobumbana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi singabola. Uma inhlanzi ibamba ngephutha ngamaphayi noma ngomzimba, izinhlanganisela eziyingozi ze-methane ne-ammonia ziyowela emanzini. Amatshe amalahle nawo awusiyo inketho, ngoba izingcezu zokudla zivame ukubuthwa ngaphezulu kwawo, futhi udokotela ohlinzayo akakwazi ukukhokhela itshe elisindayo.
Izitshalo akufanele zithathe indawo ebalulekile emanzini olwandle. Ukusondeza izimo zokuhlinzwa zikadokotela ohlinzayo eduze nezimo zemvelo, umuntu kufanele akhethe izinhlobo ezivulekile ezisetshenziswa izinhlanzi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma. Amatshe aphilayo nawo ayadingeka, ukuze izinhlobo ezinjalo ze-algae njengeCowlerp nama-hetamorphs zande.
Amanzi kufanele ahlanzeke ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngalezi zinhloso, udinga ukufaka isihlungi esinamandla, esingcono kunohlobo lwangaphakathi, olungalawula inani lokugeleza. Izinhlelo ezingezansi akufanele zithengwe, ngoba ukuze uzihlanze kuzodingeka ususe zonke izinhlanzi e-aquarium, ususe ingaphezulu nokuhlobisa. Inqubo yinde futhi inzima, ngisho nakumuntu wasemanzini onolwazi. Amapharamitha wamanzi alungele ukugcina izinhlanzi ezihlinzayo ngimi ngalendlela elandelayo:
- i-acidity - 8.0 - 8.4 pH,
- usizi lwamanzi - 1.024 (lenyuke kancane),
- lokushisa - 24-28 ° С.
Umsoco
Ngokwemvelo, udokotela ohlinzayo udla ikakhulukazi ku-algae, kwesinye isikhathi kufaka phakathi i-coral detritus ne-zooplankton kumenyu. Lapho igcinwa emanzini asolwandle, okungenani ama-30% wokudla okubukhoma kufanele kufakwe ekudleni. Bayakujabulela ukudla izimbaza, ama-shrimp, ama-artemia, nama-squid. Ama-Nori algae, amaqabunga e-dandelion nesaladi, ngaphambili ekalwe amanzi abilayo, aphelele njengengxenye yesitshalo.
Izici Zasendle
Lolu hlobo lungezinye zezinhlobo ezingama-72 zomndeni ohlinzayo ezitholakala endalweni (zisahlanganiswa ngofuzo oluhlukile olungu-9).
Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yiGreat Barrier Reef ngasogwini lwase-Australia, kanye namanzi asendaweni eshisayo yase-Indian and Pacific Oceans. Zitholakala ikakhulu ezingqimbeni zamanzi ezingenhla, zisebenzisa amakhorali njengezindawo zokukhosela.
Hola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke. Bahlala emihlambini emincane, evame ukuhlangana ibe ngamaqoqo amakhulu (yize kutholakala abantu abathile). Ukudla - ukhula lwasolwandle noma i-zooplankton enamathiselwe emanzini.
Uthi bewazi?Izinhlanzi zavela ngaphambili kunama-dinosaurs - ichthyologists ziyaxosha kusukela ngosuku 4 million million edlule.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lokudla kanye nalapho kungekho khona izilwane ezidla inyama, kusukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kwengama-20 ingaphila endaweni yamanzi.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Kukhona ochwepheshe abaningana abakholelwa ukuthi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola inzalo evela kwinhlanzi ehlinzayo lapho idingisiwe. Abantu ababanjwe ngabantu abadala bahlangabezana nengcindezi enkulu endaweni evulekile ye-aquarium, ethinta ngokungazeleleki umsebenzi wokuzala.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona labo abakholelwa ukuthi kusekhona ithuba. Ukuzalanisa, kubalulekile ukwazi umehluko wobulili phakathi kodokotela abahlinzayo nezindlela zokuziphatha ngesikhathi sokuzala. Ungahlukanisa phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzana. Umbala wesilisa uphenduka upende, kanti nezinhlanzi ezivele zingaphenduki ziba nolaka kakhulu.
Cishe ngoFebhuwari - Mashi, abantu abavuthiwe (abaneminyaka engu-1 ubudala nangaphezulu) baqala ukuchitha isikhathi sabo esiningi eduze komphezulu, bebhebhetheka ngomsindo futhi bedlala. Umphumela walokho "ukudansa" uzoba caviar omncane (cishe 1 mm), ovuthwa ngosuku. Ama-fry nawo acishe abe umbala futhi awunawo ameva. Ukudla okuqala kubo yi-zooplankton ne-phytoplankton.
Isizukulwane esisha sodokotela ohlinza okwesibhakabhaka, ocishe abe izinyanga ezimbili ubudala.
Esimweni esihle, ngokuya ngayo yonke imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekelwa, odokotela abahlinzayo bezinhlanzi bayakwazi ukuphila iminyaka eyi-10.
Izifo
Odokotela abahlinzwa isikhathi eside, bakhuthazelela komoya wokuhamba futhi bajwayela kahle.
Eningweni ezithile, ukungavikeleki komzimba okuphansi kuyabonakala, ngakho-ke, ziyizinhlanzi zokuqala ezakha izimpawu zesifo esisodwa noma esinye. Lolu hlobo lutholakala kakhulu emgodini i-marthy ichthyophthyroidism kanye ne-oodiniosis. Lezi zifo kunzima ukuzazi, ikakhulukazi ngombala ogqamile kanjalo. Ukwelapha futhi akuwona umsebenzi olula, kepha uma kungaqalwa ngesikhathi, izinhlanzi ezithintekayo zizokufa.
Ezinye izifo ezivame kakhulu phakathi kodokotela abahlinzayo ukubola nokuguguleka kwekhanda nokuncipha. Ngokungafani nemibili yokuqala, kulula ngokwanele ukuba ubabone.
Abahlinza cishe zonke izinhlobo banesici esisodwa esivamile esingadida umfuyi ongenalwazi. Esikhathini esiningi futhi kusihlwa izinhlanzi ziba nsundu, ungazwakali umsindo, lokhu kuyindlela yemvelo yokuvikela lezi zinhlanzi.
Inhlanzi ehlinzayo iyisici esisebenzayo esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, i-aquarium enkulu indawo kanye nokukhethwa ngokucophelela komakhelwane. Isilwane esinjalo silungele kakhulu ochwepheshe kunabathandi be-novice bomhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi.
Ingozi yolwandle olukhanyayo
Noma kunjalo, lapho ubheka isidalwa semvelo esikhanyayo, umbuzo wokuqala ophakamayo uthi: kungani inhlanzi ehlinzayo yaqanjwa ngemuva kwalokho? Impendulo isobala: lezi ziyizikhala ezibukhali ezifana nebala elicijiswe kahle kahle futhi ziyisici salo esihlukanisa. Akhiwe ngemisebe, ezansi nangaphezulu kwe-caudal fin, esesimweni esizolile acindezelwa emzimbeni wenhlanzi futhi, ngokungathi kunjalo, ahlanganiswe kumanothi akhethekile.
Siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze: nge-Anteater isilwane. Incazelo, izici, izinhlobo, indlela yokuphila ne-anteater || Mangaka amazinyo?
Lapho nje kuvela ingozi emkhathizwe, ngokushesha udokotela ohlinzayo ubeka izinongo zawo ezinhlangothini bese eziguqula zibe yisikhali esikhulu. URybka akaqondi ukuthi yena, okhanya kakhulu futhi muhle, ufuna ukuthintwa futhi akhangwe, futhi ubona isifiso esinjengalesi simanga ngaye. Ngakho-ke, ukugcina ibanga kuyindlela ethembekile kunazo zonke lapho udokotela ohlinzayo onobuhlakani engathinti.
Ngabe kudlani?
Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon empeleni ziyisizungu futhi zithanda indlela yokuphila yomuntu ngamunye. Emihlanjini emikhulu (kuze kufike inkulungwane yabantu) bahlangana kuphela uma kwenzeka beshoda. Ngemuva kokugcotshwa, imihlambi iyahlakazeka ngokushesha. I-algae, i-detritus ne-plankton - ukudla okudotshwa inhlanzi ohlinzayo ngokwemvelo.
Uhlinzwa - Isakhamuzi se-Aquarium
Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon, ezincane ngosayizi (cishe amasentimitha ayishumi lapho zigcinwe ekudingisweni), ezingabinayo futhi zinhle kakhulu, zithandwa kakhulu ngokuzalaniswa ezindaweni zasemanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlangana kalula nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zasezindaweni ezishisayo. Lapho kwethulwa ama-aquarium amasha, kuba yindawo efanelekile ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo, odingeka ngemibandela yokuboshwa, avame ukuba ngumhlali wawo wokuqala.
Izinhlanzi zaseSurgeon: izinhlobo
Cishe izinhlobo ezingama-80 zezinhlanzi ezihlinzayo zimelwe ngokwemvelo. Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Arabian (Acanthurus Sohal) uyisilwane esivame kakhulu. Umzimba wakhe, udwetshelwe ngemivimbo emide emide, enemibala yensimbi engwevu. Isisu silula, ngaphandle kwephethini. Inhlanzi enjalo ehlinzayo ihlala oLwandle Olubomvu futhi ibonwa kalula yindawo ephuzi ese-midline ne-orange spikes ephansi komsila wayo. Ubude bendawo yenhlanzi enjalo buba ngamasentimitha amane.
Omunye ummeleli usebenza kakhulu - udokotela ohlinzayo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obonakala ngomzimba nangamaphini wombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umphetho omnyama ugijimela eceleni kwamapheya. Inhlanzi ephuzi egqamile yezinhlanzi, uma iqhathanisa nomzimba wayo, idonsela ukunaka okukhulu kuyo.
Udokotela ohlinzayo wasebukhosini (noma ophuzi we-zebrasoma) yinhlanzi emnyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enamabala amnyama ekhanda nasemaphepheni. Emzimbeni wonke kukhona imichilo, iqhathanisa kahle nomsila ophuzi okhanyayo kanye namathiphu wamafutha asohlangothini ngohlelo olufanayo lombala.
Izinhlanzi ze-Fox zingummeleli odume kakhulu futhi othakazelisa kakhulu, onesimo sokuqala somzimba nekhanda. Umbala umhlophe, unemivimbo emnyama. Isizalo siqonde, sifana neempungushe. Umzimba, umsila kanye namaphiko kuphuzi, ngaphansi kwengcindezi bangashintsha umbala noma kubonakaliswe amabala amnyama. Cishe yonke iminjunju inobuthi kakhulu.