Uyemukelwa ekhasini 404! Ulapha ngoba ufake ikheli lekhasi elingasatholakali noma elidluliselwe kwelinye ikheli.
Ikhasi olicelile kungenzeka ukuthi lihanjisiwe noma lasuswa. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi wenze i-typo encane lapho ufaka ikheli - lokhu kuyenzeka nathi, ngakho-ke ihlole futhi ngokucophelela.
Uyacelwa ukuthi usebenzise indlela yokuhamba noma yokusesha ukuthola imininingwane oyithandayo. Uma unemibuzo, bese ubhalela umphathi.
Ulwazi oluvamile
Igundane lezingane libhekwa njengelincane kakhulu emhlabeni lamagundane, futhi lingenye yezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane kunazo zonke. Ubude bomzimba bungamamilimitha angama-40-70, ngokulingana nobude bomsila. Baphinde banesisindo esincane kakhulu, mayelana ne-5-7 amagremu. Uboya bazo bukhulu, kepha izinwele zabo mncane kakhulu. Ingxenye engezansi yomzimba imhlophe, kanti ingxenye engenhla ingaba ngumthunzi obomvu. Ngokungafani namanye amagundane, ingane ivame ukusebenza ngosuku. She is thermophilic kakhulu, kepha uzwela ekushiseni ngokweqile futhi uzama ukugwema ukukhanya kwelanga.
Endle, isikhathi sokuphila sezintwala zezingane sivame ukungabi ngamaviki angamashumi amabili nane, yize ezimweni ezingandile zingaphila kuze kube izinyanga eziyishumi nesithupha. Ekhaya, isikhathi sokuphila siyakhula siye eminyakeni emithathu.
Igama lesiLatini lalezi zilwane ezincane elithi “micromys minutus” lizwakala lihle kakhulu, futhi amagundane uqobo abukeka emuhle, njengoba ukwazi ukuzibona okungenani kanye noma ngokuthola amagundane ezingane esithombeni ku-Inthanethi neminye imithombo etholakalayo. Oqondayo uzobona izithombe zikaJean-Louis Klein noMary-Lews Hubert. Banikela unyaka wonke wokuphila kwabo kumagundane amancane futhi bahlanganisa iphothifoliyo enhle yezilwane ezisencane ngombiko.
Igundane lengane
Igundane lengane (lat. Micromys minutus) okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo zohlobo lwezimpuku zegundane ezivela emndenini wegundane.
Igundane lengane | |||||||||||
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Ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi | |||||||||||
Umbuso: | Eumetazoi |
I-infraclass: | I-Placental |
Iqembu elikhulu: | URodent |
Subfamily: | Igundane |
Ubulili: | Amagundane ezingane (Ama-Micromys Dehne, 1841) |
Buka: | Igundane lengane |
I-rodent encane kunazo zonke eYurophu kanye nesinye sezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane kunazo zonke eMhlabeni (ngaphansi kwesikhashana nje - i-shrew encane ne-shrew emfushane, kanye nesibaya sezingulube ngokuhleleka kwamalulwane). Ubude bomzimba bungu-5.5-7 cm, umsila ukhuphukela ku-6.5 cm, ubude obugcwele bufika kumasentimitha ayi-13, owesilisa osekhulile unesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-7-16, negundane elisanda kuzalwa lingugremu ongaphelele. Umsila uhamba kakhulu, ubamba, uyakwazi ukusonta zizungeze iziqu namagatsha amancanyana, imilenze yangemuva inesisindo. Umbala ubonakala ngokugqamile kunowamagundane wendlu. Umbala wangemuva yi-monophonic, brownish-buffy noma obomvu, unqotshwe ngokuqhamile kusuka kwesisu esimhlophe noma esikhanyayo segrey. Ngokungafani namanye amagundane, isiqu segundane lengane sintekenteke, sifushane, izindlebe zincane. Ama-subspecies asenyakatho nasentshonalanga amnyama futhi abomvu.
Igundane elincanyana lisabalele emahlathini nasezindaweni ezingamahlathi ze-Eurasia - lisuka enyakatho nentshonalanga yeSpain liya eKorea. Itholakala eningizimu yeGreat Britain. Enyakatho, umngcele wobubanzi ufinyelela ku-65 ° C. sh., eningizimu - kuya eCiscaucasia, eKazakhstan, enyakatho neMongolia (Khentei), naseMpumalanga Ekude. Ububanzi bubuye bufinyelele empumalanga yeChina buye eYunnan, eTaiwan naseningizimu yeJapan.
Kutholakala eRussia kusuka emngceleni osentshonalanga kuya eTransbaikalia nasePrimorye. Umngcele osenyakatho webanga usuka ogwini loLwandle iBaltic, isifunda saseRugozero (Karelia), iminyaka I-Onega, iSisktyvkar edlula eNyakatho ne-Urals, izindawo ezingaphansi komfula. IPoluy (Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug), Yakutsk eningizimu kunethafa le-Amur-Zeysky. Umngcele oseningizimu uhambisana neNtshonalanga (kufaka phakathi iTranscarpathia) kanye naseningizimu ye-Ukraine kanye nezansi kweGreater Caucasus, ngasogwini lolwandle Olumnyama - kuya eKobuleti, kanye neVolga - kuya e-Astrakhan. Ngasempumalanga, umngcele uhamba cishe ulayini we-Uralsk-Lake. IKurgaldzhin - ISemipalatinsk, ithumba izansi zaseZaysan nase-Alakol, izwe lezintaba i-Altai-Sayan kanye neTransbaikalia.
Igundane elincane lihlala engxenyeni eseningizimu yehlathi nehlathi lama-steppe, lingena ezigodini zomfula cishe liye e-Arctic Circle. Ezintabeni lenyuka iye kuma-2200 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle (okuphakathi nendawo iGreater Caucasus Mountain Range). Ikhetha izindawo ezivulekile nezingavulekile ezinezindawo eziphakeme zotshani. Izimbali ezinkulu kakhulu zotshani obude kakhulu, kufaka phakathi izimfunda ezikhukhulayo, ezindaweni ezisezindaweni eziphansi nasezintabeni, ezintabeni, phakathi kwezihlahlana ezingavamile, izimila zokhula ezindaweni ezinamanzi, ezindaweni ezingamawele, ezindaweni ezinotshani nasezimfundeni. E-Italy nase-East Asia kutholakala amasheke erayisi.
Umsebenzi ubusuku nemini, ngezikhathi nezikhathi zokuphaka noklala. Igundane lengane liyazwela ekushiseni ngokweqile futhi ligwema ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo. Isici esibonakalayo sokuziphatha kwegundane lengane sihambahamba ngeziqu zezitshalo sifuna ukudla, kanye nendawo esidlekeni sasehlobo. Igundla lakha izidleke eziyindilinga nge ububanzi obungama 6-13 cm ezitshalweni ezinotshani (sedge, umhlanga) nezihlahlana ezikhula kancane.Isidleke sitholakala endaweni ephakeme ngamasentimitha angama-40-100. Kuklanyelwe ukuzala inzalo futhi kube nezingqimba ezimbili. Ingqimba engaphandle iqukethe amaqabunga esitshalo esifanayo lapho okunamathiselwe khona isidleke, okungaphakathi - kwento ethambile. Akukho ukungena - isikhathi ngasinye, ukukhuphuka ngaphakathi, insikazi yenza umgodi omusha, bese ihamba, ivale, kanjalo kuze kube yilapho amathole esezimele. Izidleke zokuhlala ezijwayelekile zilula. Ekwindla nasebusika, amagundane ezinsana ahlala athuthela emiseleni elula, ezinqolobaneni nasezigxotsheni, kwesinye isikhathi ezakhiweni zabantu, abeka imisele yeqhwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani namanye amagundane, amagundane ezingane awazalisi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, okuletha kuphela inzalo ehlobo ezidlekeni ezingaphezulu komhlaba. Abazifihli.
Amagundane ezinsana abuthakathaka kakhulu kwezenhlalo, ahlangana ngababili kuphela ngenkathi yokuzalanisa noma ngamaqembu amakhulu (kuze kufike abantu abangama-5000) ebusika, lapho izinduku ziqongelela emafekisheni nasemigqonyeni yezindlu. Ngokuqala kokushisa, abantu abadala baba nolaka maqondana komunye nomunye, abesilisa ekudingisweni balwa ngobudlova.
Ukuhleleka Komsoco
Idla ikakhulu ngembewu yokusanhlamvu, imidumba, izinhlobo zezithelo ezibanzi, nezithelo. Ehlobo, izidla izinambuzane nezibungu zazo ngentokozo. Okulondolozayo, ngokusobala, akwenzi. Amagundane ahlala eduze kwamasimu kanye nama-granaries adla okusanhlamvu, i-oats, amabele, ummbila, i-sunflower nezinye izitshalo ezitshaliwe.
Ukuhlela kabusha
Ngesikhathi esukela ku-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, insikazi iletha amalitha ama-2-3, ama-5-9 (ngesinye isikhathi aze abe ma-13) amawundlu lilinye. Isidleke ngasinye esakhiwe ngenhla senzelwe isithombo ngasinye. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha okungenani izinsuku eziyi-17-18, uma kuhlanganiswa nokukhipha isisu - kuze kufike ezinsukwini ezingama-21. Imisipha izalwa ingenqunu, iyimpumputhe futhi ingezwa, inesisindo esingu-0.7-1 g, kepha iyakhula futhi ithuthuke ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuvuthwa ngosuku lwe-8-10, ngosuku lwe-15-16 bayaphuma esidlekeni, futhi bafinyelele ekuthweni kosuku lwama-35 kuya kwengama-40. Amancanyana okuzala udoti wokuqala osuvele ngonyaka wokuzalwa.
Isikhathi sokuphila endalweni sifushane kakhulu, siphezulu izinyanga eziyi-16-16, kuyilapho iningi labantu liphila izinyanga eziyisithupha kuphela. Ekuthunjweni, phila iminyaka emi-3.
Igundane elincane alikho maningi yonke indawo, isibalo siyehla ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezindawo zemvelo zemvelo. Amapulangwe ngokusobala angaphansi kokuguquguquka kweminyaka emithathu. Izikhungo zokufuthwa kweziningi zalezi zidondolo zitholakala eNyakatho neCaucasus nasePrimorye, lapho zidala khona ukulimala okuthile ezitshalweni. Kwezinye izifunda, azibalulekanga kangako kwezomnotho.
Igundane lezingane lithwala ngokwemvelo i-encephalitis enamahlwili, i-lymphocytic choriomeningitis, i-tularemia ne-leptospirosis.
Ekuthunjweni, othanda ukuthula, onobuhle, uhlala kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-2-3. Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa zamagundane ezikulungele kahle ukugcinwa kwangaphakathi.
13.12.2018
Igundane lengane (lat. Micromys minutus) ingeyamalungu omndeni uMurine (Muridae). Lesi ngesinye sezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane kunazo zonke emhlabeni wethu. Ingusayizi ubukhulu be-brownie (Mus musculus) negundane lensimu (i-Apodemus agrarius).
Isilwane siyathanjiswa kalula futhi sinomlingiswa olula, ofanele ukuhlala efulethini. Ezindaweni zemvelo, kungabalimaza abalimi eminyakeni yokuzalwa okuningi, okuvame ukuba ngaphansi komjikelezo weminyaka emithathu.
Uhlobo lolu lwachazwa okokuqala ngonyaka ka-1771 ngusosayensi wemvelo waseJalimane uPeter Simon Pallas njengoMus minutus. Eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule, i-taxonomy eyamukelwe iye yakhulisa ukungabaza phakathi kososayensi ababambe iqhaza ocwaningweni lwayo. Yize lifana namagundane, lisondelene ngofuzo kumagundane. Lesi siphetho safinyelelwa ngonyaka ka-2008 izakhi zofuzo ezivela esikhungweni se-Biology of the Free University eBerlin.
Ukubhebhetheka
Igundane elincane livame kakhulu emazweni amaningi ase-Eurasia. Ezwenikazi laseYurophu, uhla lwalo lusuka eningizimu yeNgilandi lusuka enyakatho neSpain luye eFinland, luhlala cishe kuyo yonke indawo yeCentral neMpumalanga Yurophu, ngaphandle kwezindawo eziphakemeyo. Kunabantu abangabodwa e-Alps naseBalkan.
I-rodent itholakala e-Ukraine, ezindaweni eziseningizimu yeRussia, Turkey kanye ne-Middle East. Izakhamizi zase-Asia zihlala endaweni eyi-steppe ne-steppe-steppe kusuka eCentral Asia ziye ezifundeni ezisenyakatho neMongolia, Korea kanye neJapan. Enyakatho, umngcele wobubanzi ufinyelela eningizimu yokufana kwe-65. E-China, inhlobo isatshalaliswa entshonalanga yeYunnan.
Ezindaweni ezinezintaba, amagundane ezinsana abhekwa ezindaweni eziphakeme aze afike ku-1700 m ngaphezu kolwandle.
Zihlala ngokuzithandela emasimini enotshani obunotshani obuphakeme, amathanga omhlanga, umhlanga noqalo. Zitholakala kaningi ezweni elinywe nezitshalo, ikakhulukazi emasimini elayisi nawakolweni.
Ukuziphatha
Abamele lolu hlobo baphila impilo bebodwa. Isilwane ngasinye esidala sinendawo yaso yasekhaya engamamitha-skwele angama-90-100. m. Njengomthetho, impahla yezilwane eziningana iyahlangana.
Ehekteni elilodwa kuphila kusuka kuma-30 kuya kwangama-200 izinduku. Ngokutholakala kokudla okuningi, ukushuba kwabo kukhuphukela kubantu abayi-1000. Abesilisa nabesifazane batholakala kuphela ekuzithobeni, sonke isikhathi abazama ngaso ukuhlala beqaphile.
Ebusika, kufinyelela ezilwaneni ezi-5 ebusika kwesinye isikhathi ebusika ku-haystack ngasikhathi sinye.
Isakhiwo semilenze sibavumela ukuba badlale ngokufanele amagatsha acwecile neziqu zezitshalo. Izilwane zingasebenza ubusuku nemini, kepha ziba matasa kakhulu ngokufika kokuhlwa nangaphambi kokusa. Ngemuva kokucinga okungamahora amathathu, bathatha ikhefu imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40.
Igundane lomntwana livame ukufika enyokeni yezinyamazane nelasemini. Izikhova (iStrigiformes), izinyoka (amaSerpentes), izimpungushe (amaVulpes), amakati amahlathi (uFelis silvestris) kanye nama-weasels (uMustela nivalis) zithathwa njengezitha zayo zemvelo eziyinhloko. Lapho uqaphele inyamazane, igundane liyabamba futhi kungagxili sikhathi endizeni yokugcina.
Incazelo
Ubude bomzimba wabantu abadala buyi-54-68 mm, umsila u-51-69 mm. Isisindo sisukela ku-5 kuye ku-11 g. Amadoda amancane amancane futhi alula kunabesifazane. Uboya bukhulu futhi buthambile.
Isisekelo sombala wangemuva ngotshani onsundu, obomvu-onsundu noma omfushane, usebenza njengendawo enhle yokufihla utshani obomile. Isisu sikhilimu noma simhlophe. Umsila we-bald unombala onsundu noma ubomvu onsundu.
Amehlo amakhulu amnyama atholakala ezinhlangothini zekhanda futhi avumelaniswa ukuze ubone ebumnyameni. Izindlebe ezinkulu eziyindilinga zitholakala ngemuva kwesigebhezi. Ama-vibrissae azwelayo asendaweni esephepheni.
Izimbambo zakhiwe kahle, ngeminwe emihlanu emilenzeni. Imilenze yangemuva ifushane.
Igundane lengane liyaqabukela lihlala endle izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-8. Ekudingisweni, abanye ompetha baphila iminyaka eyi-3-4.
ISIMANGALISO SEBANDLA
Igundane lengane lincane kakhulu emhlabeni, futhi ngokubumbana nokufiphaza okuncane, yisilwane esincanyana kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ubude bomzimba waleli gundane bungamasentimitha angama-11-13 kuphela, futhi cishe uhhafu wawo uwela emsileni omude. Ubuningi besidoda esidala abudluli ngaphezu kwe-16 g, igundane elisanda kuzalwa lingaphansi kwe-g. Isizalo esidonsa ngendlebe esifushane kanye noboya obomvu obukhanyayo emuva nezinhlangothi zomzimba kuhlukanisa igundane elincane kwezinye izinduku ezincane.
Ezigodini zemifula, le nhlobo ingena kude nenyakatho - e-Polar Urals naseYakutia, kanti eCentral Caucasus ihlala ezintabeni ezihlala ezintabeni nase-subalpine endaweni ephakeme kuze kufinyelele kumamitha angama-2200. Igundane elincane lihlala ikakhulu emamithini omanzi eduze nemifula, ngasemaphethelweni amahlathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ihlala emasimini, amasimu erayisi ne-hayfields. Kunzima kakhulu ukumbona nokumubona. Futhi le ndaba ayigcini ngosayizi omncane, kodwa futhi nekhono elimangalisayo lalesi silwane ukucasha futhi lifihle ubukhona baso. Kaningi, igundane lengane libonakala ngengozi, liyesabise eduze kwesidleke, noma ebusika, lapho izilwane zihlangana ngamaqembu.
ILITTLE MONKEY
Igundane lengane lisebenzisa iningi lesikhathi emathunjini ezitshalo ezinde zotshani, lapho likhwela khona impela ngeziqu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi namagatsha ezihlahla. Ngesisindo esincane kanjalo nomsila omude, onesibindi, lokhu akunzima. Umsila uyiselula kakhulu, unamathela kalula kusiqu kanye namahlumela amancane, negundane lengane lihamba njengenkawu encane. Ukufana kukhuliswa iqiniso lokuthi izilwane zingagxumela amabanga amafushane ukusuka esiqwini kuye esiqwini.
Abahamba phambili
Ehlobo, igundane elincane lenza isidleke esisebusweni bomhlanga kusuka ebangeni elinotshani elikhudlwana kunebhola le-tennis, ligcina phakathi kweziqu ezinde zezitshalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ibhola elinjalo lilengiswa ngenhla komhlabathi ekuphakameni okungama-130 cm, yize kwesinye isikhathi lingabekwa phansi. Ingqimba engaphandle yesidleke yizingxenye ezinkulu zezitshalo eziningi kakhulu endundumeni, kanti indawo yangaphakathi inezinto ezincane nezithambile. Ikhaya elinjalo lenzelwe ikakhulukazi ukuzalaniswa. Ukusuka ngoMeyi kuze kube ngu-Okthoba, igundane lengane linama-2 kuya ku-3 ama-broods, ahlanganisa ama-5-8, noma amagundane ayi-12. Isibonelo, eNgilandi, lapho izimo zezulu zithambile khona, izilwane zizalela ngisho ngoDisemba. Ngaso leso sikhathi, kwakhiwa isidleke esihlukile kudoti ngamunye, okusiza amagundane agweme izinambuzane ezicasulayo.
Isidleke asinawo umnyango okhethekile, futhi insikazi, isikhathi ngasinye singena kuyo, iphinda idlule. Eshiya isidleke, uvala umgodi. Ngale ndlela, ithuthukisa ukuzifihla futhi inciphise nengozi yokuthi ezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye zithole inzalo yayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, emkhakheni wombhangqwana wegundane, kungaba nebhaluni elilodwa noma ngaphezulu elihleliwe lokuhlala, elisetshenziswa ngabazali ukuphumula nendawo yokuhlala.
Amagundane akhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi afinyelele ekuvuthweni cishe ngezinsuku ezingama-40 zeminyaka, futhi uma izimo zivuma, azothola inzalo ngokwawo ngaloyo nyaka.
I-BOY ANIMAL
Igundane lengane lisebenza usuku lonke, njalo emva kwamahora amathathu ukulala okufushane nokudla kudla okunye. Izilwane zizwela kakhulu ekushiseni ngokweqile futhi zizama ukugwema ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, ngakho-ke, ehlobo, njengomthetho, ziphila impilo yobusuku, kanti ebusika ziba matasa kakhulu phakathi nosuku. Ukugwema izitha, igundane elincane lihamba kancane futhi ngokucophelela, livame ukubanda ngemuva kwesiqu sesitshalo. Uma ingozi iqhubeka, i-rodent eqaphile ingahle iwele kakhulu, icashe emthunzini phansi.
Igundane lengane lidla yonke imbewu nezithelo ezikhona, kanti ekwindla kwesinye isikhathi lenza amasheya amancane okusanhlamvu okuza kusiza lapho kubanda kakhulu. Impela, izilwane zasebusika azifihli. Bacinga ukudla, bayacwila ngaphansi kweqhwa, kodwa hhayi kude “nefulethi lasebusika”. Lokhu kumane kungumgodi noma indawo yokukhosela komhlaba - phakathi kwezinkuni ezifile, ngaphansi kwama-rick kanye nezitaki. Uma ubusika bukhulu kakhulu, izilwane zihamba ziye ezakhiweni zomuntu.
Ngenkathi ebandayo, abesilisa nabesifazane bahlala ngokwehlukana, bahlangana ngababili kuphela ngokuzalaniswa, kepha ngamaqoqo afanele kakhulu ubusika, ngokwesibonelo, kuma-haystacks noma kumagranari, akha iziqu zabantu abafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni ezi-5.
ISIHLOKO, UKUPHILA NGEMPELA
Ngokwemvelo, isikhathi sokuphila sezintwala zezingane sifushane kakhulu - kufinyelela eminyakeni eyi-1.5, kepha ngokuvamile azidluli izinyanga ezi-6.Ngokusho kososayensi baseYurophu, ebusika bangama-95% azo zonke izilwane ezikulelizwe ezifayo. Izimbangela ezinkulu zokufa yizimo sezulu esibandayo noma esimanzi, izithwathwa ezingazelele kanye nezilwane ezinjengobuhlalu, i-ermine, izimpungushe, amakati, izikhova kanye neqhude. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ekuthunjweni, izilwane zingaphila iminyaka emi-5. Iziqongo zenani lamagundane egundane zenzeka, njengomthetho, njalo emva kweminyaka emi-3, emva kwalokho kube nokuncipha kancane kancane ngokukhula okulandelayo. Emvelweni, abantu baleli punga babonakala ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokuzalela, kepha ngasikhathi sinye isilinganiso esincane kakhulu sokusinda. Amagundane ezingane kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu abalwa njengezinhlobo ezidinga ukuvikelwa ngenxa yokuncipha kancane kancane kwamanani awo. Njengomsongo oyinhloko walolu hlobo, abacwaningi baphawula ukuqina okuthuthuka kwezolimo, futhi, ngomphumela, ukubhujiswa kwezindawo zokuhlala ezingaba khona, kanye nolwazi oluyiphutha lokuphila kwemvelo kwalolu hlobo.
CHINA meadow
Engxenyeni yesibili kaJuni, emahlathini ahlanganisiwe axutshwe naluhlaza okwesabekayo, emaphethelweni ehlathi nasemithambekeni, ezintabeni ezisesiteji, obusika obunothuli - obukhulu obusezingeni eliphakeme. Kude, kuze kufike ku-1 m, iziqu ezondile, phakathi kwamaqabunga amaningi amancane nezimpondo, kuvela amabhulashi ezimbali eziqhakazile ezinamabala aphuzi. Kungekudala bazaphenduka ubhontshisi. Lesi sitshalo esivela emndenini we-legume sithandwa yizimvu, amahhashi, amahansi. I-Nina meadow, njengamanye ama-legumes amaningi, inempilo kakhulu: iqukethe i-ascorbic acid, carotene kanye novithamini P, izinto zokulandela umkhondo. Futhi, ngaphandle kokunambitheka okumunyu, igundane lengane likufaka ngenhlonipho ekudleni kwalo.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu
Isitsha esiphoqelekile se-gundane-ingane okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu okutshaliwe. Isibonelo, ama-oats. Izithelo zalesi sitshalo zihlukaniswa ngamaphesenti amaningi ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, amafutha kanye namavithamini we-tata B. Oats aqukethe amaprotheni umzimba odinga ukukhula nokukhulisa izicubu. I-soluble fiber yehlisa i-cholesterol yegazi ngokuvikela uhlelo lwenhliziyo. Amavithamini namaminerali abandakanyeka ezinqubweni ezibalulekile zomzimba. Akukhona ngamathuba wokuthi umuntu asebenzise i-oats njengomkhiqizo wokudla futhi kufaka phakathi labo abalulayo ekudleni. Igundane, yize lingazi ngokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali okusanhlamvu, liyakwazisa, mhlawumbe okungaphezu komuntu.
LASKA
Lo mmeleli omncane kakhulu we-marten uyisitha esinamandla segundane lengane. I-Agile futhi i-agile, i-weasel ihamba ngokushesha, ikhasa ngokusebenzisa izimbobo nezimbobo ezincane kakhulu. Lesi silwane esincane esinegazi kwesinye isikhathi sigcina ama-voes namagundane angama-30! Izinduku ezincane ezingaphezulu noma emgodini azisindiswanga kulomhlaseli. Emaqanda ezinyoni, wenza izimbobo eziningana futhi amunce okuqukethwe. Ukudla oku-6 okufuywayo kusiza kakhulu ukufika kumakhilomitha amabili ngosuku. Weasel ngobuciko uhamba ngaphansi kweqhwa futhi ubhukuda kahle. Lesi silwane sinesibindi. Ngakho-ke, i-weasel ivikela ngesihluku isidleke sayo, noma ngabe ingozi enkulu kangakanani. Kwesinye isikhathi i-weasel iyakwazi ukubekezelela inyoni edla inyama ebikade ihlasela yona, iququde umphimbo wayo indiza.
I-fox ejwayelekile
Amagundane angamagundane nasensimini enza cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zokudla kwalomdlangi. Ukuze ubheke ukuzingela kwe-fox izinduku ezincane, kunegama elikhethekile - igundane. Ikhono elimangalisayo le-fox lokushintsha ukudla ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala. Ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeYurophu, idla izirhubuluzi, eMpumalanga Ekude, eduze nemifula, izinhlanzi ze-salmon, ngasolwandle, ezikhumbeni zasolwandle (kusuka ezinhlanzini kuya ezincelisayo ezinkulu). E-taiga ihlasela izinyoni ezinkulu futhi ingaxwayi. Ngobuhlakani ubamba izimbungulu ezindizayo, futhi emva kokuba imvula iqoqe izidumbu zomhlaba. Qinisekisa ukufaka inyama, izithelo namajikijolo ekudleni kwenyama. Kepha umhluzi uba yisisulu kuphela ngesikhathi sokudla ngaphandle kokuxoshwa yimpungushe.
Isikhova segrey
Lesi ngesinye sezikhova esivame kakhulu ezindaweni ezifudumele. Ukhetha ukuthola ukudla emahlathini asehlathini, emaphethelweni nasezindaweni ezihlala izikhukhula, ikakhulukazi kusihlwa nasebusuku. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwezikhova izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, okutholwe isikhova ngosizo lokuzwa okuzwela ngokweqile. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ebumnyameni ngokuphelele, iphutha ngesikhathi sokuphonswa inyamazane alikho ngaphezu kwesilinganiso esisodwa.
Amaqiniso ATHANDAYO
Emvelweni, eminyakeni yobuningi obukhulu, igundane lengane lingalimaza izilimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyisiphathi semvelo sama-pathogens wezifo ezahlukahlukene: i-encephalitis ekhishwa yizinkukhu, i-tularemia, i-leptospirosis, njll.
Ngokungafani namanye amagundane amaningi, lesi silwane kulula kakhulu futhi kumnandi ukusigcina sisekhaya. I-secretions yalezi zigundane cishe ayinalo iphunga elithile. Izilwane zinamahloni amancane, zinezithambiso kahle futhi azifuneki ekudleni, futhi ukubona indlela ezisebenza ngayo kungaletha injabulo enkulu kanye nokuvela okucacile kumuntu olalela imvelo.
ISIQINISEKISO SAMAHHALA
- Iklasi: izilwane ezincelisayo.
- Oda: izinduku.
- Umndeni: igundane.
- Uhlobo: amagundane wengane.
- Buka: igundane lengane.
- Igama lesi Latin: Micromysminutus.
- Ubukhulu: ubude bomzimba - cm cm, umsila - ukuya ku-6 cm.
- Isisindo: akukho ngaphezu kwe-10 g.
- Umbala: emuva kubomvu ngombala obomvu, isisu simhlophe.
- Isikhathi sokuphila segundane lengane: emvelweni - kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-1.5, kepha kuvame ukuya ezinyangeni ezi-6, ekuthunjweni - kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5.