Inja Yelusa Yase-Anatoli iyinhlobo yohlobo lwezinja ezindala ezithanda ukuhlala eTurkey iminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane. Lesi isilwane esisebenza kuphela, esenzelwe inkonzo yomuntu, futhi isilwane esinjalo asinakuhlala singenzi lutho. Ukuthatha inja enjalo ukungena nayo endlini, umuntu akazuzi nje umsizi, kepha nomthwalo omkhulu wemfanelo. Inja ayilungele abaqalayo futhi idinga indlela ekhethekile.
Inja Yomelusi Ye-Anatoli: Okujwayelekile
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi lezi zinja zingumbono ohlaba umxhwele. Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba umalusi uthatha izimpande zawo kuma-mastiffs aseMiddle East, adume ngobukhulu bawo obukhulu. Izinja ezingabelusi besilisa abangama-Anatoli zifinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angama-79 nobunzima bama-kilogramu angama-68 lapho zibuna. Abesifazane bancanyana ngosayizi, ukuphakama okuphezulu kokubuna ngamasentimitha angama-76, kanti isisindo ngamakhilogremu angama-59. Abelusi abanjalo bayizilwane ezinamandla kakhulu, kepha, yize bekhathazekile futhi benamahloni, bazolile impela futhi bayazethemba.
Ungabona izinja zalolu hlobo ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo zokubukeka:
- Izinja zomalusi zase-Anatoli zinekhanda elikhulu futhi elibanzi. Phakathi kwezindlebe kunokwakheka okuyisicaba, phakathi kwamehlo kukhona umsele ongachazwanga. Esilwaneni esiphilile, ugebhezi luhambisana nomzimba.
- Isibalo sezilwane sinesimo esiseduze kwesikwele. Imihlathi enamazinyo aqinile, isikhuni siyaluma. Izindebe zivame ukumnyama.
- Ekhaleni limnyama kakhulu ngombala: omnyama noma onsundu onsundu, kukhulisiwe.
- Amehlo esilwane awamakhulu kakhulu, esihlathini esikhulu kangako abukeka emincane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ukubukisisa okunjalo kunikeza isithombe sokuqapha nokunaka okufanele. Ukwakheka kwamehlo kuyinto eyenziwe nge-alimondi, umbala onsundu ojulile noma i-amber. Amehlo ahlala ajulile futhi ahlukaniswe banzi.
- Izinja zomelusi wase-Anatoli zinezindlebe ezingunxantathu ezilengayo eziwela esihlathini ngaphambili kwaso. Ubude bezindlebe zesilwane bumaphakathi.
- Intamo yenja inesimo esithile arched, enamandla kakhulu futhi anamandla.
- Umzimba wezinja zokwalusa uyalingana, unesimo esilinganayo. Izilwane zinesisu sesisu nesifuba esijulile. Abelusi base-Anatoliya baphinde bavelele ngemisipha enamandla yomzimba.
- Umsila wabamele lolu hlobo lude futhi luphezulu, kepha, imvamisa zihlanganiswa zibe yindandatho.
- Imilenze yangaphambili yezinja zomalusi iqondile futhi iqinile. Imilenze yangemuva nayo ithuthukiswe kahle futhi inamandla amakhulu.
- Ama-paws ngokwawo azalela kukhona okusaqanda. Zinezindala eziqinile neminwe eqinile egobile.
- Izinwele zomalusi ze-Anatolian zingaba ubude obuhlukahlukene. Kukhona abamele izinhlobo zohlobo lwezinwele ezimfushane kusuka kumasentimitha angu-2,5, futhi kukhona nezilwane ezinde ezinenwele enoboya obude bufika ku-10,5 cm. Izinwele zabelusi ziqondile futhi azigobile, kukhona undercoat enhle.
- Umbala ezilwaneni zalokhu kuzalaniswa ungahluka. Kodwa-ke, izinketho ezikhetheke kunazo zonke zingumbala we-monophonic oqinile nge-tan noma i-fawn phambi komaski omnyama nezindlebe.
Umsuka wohlobo
Ekhaya, izinhlobo zalezi zinja zibizwa nge-Anatolian Karabash, okuhunyushwa ngokuthi zinamakhanda amnyama. Izimpande zayo zijula emakhulwini eminyaka, kukholelwa ukuthi ukubonakala kwamadlozi alezi zinja kwenzeka eminyakeni engama-6,000 edlule endaweni iTurkey yanamuhla ehlala kuyo namuhla.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuzalela kwenzeka ngendlela yemvelo, izilwane kwakufanele zizivumelanise nokuzimela ezimweni zezintaba ezinzima. Umelusi wase-Anatoli uyinzalo yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu - ama-Kangals, ama-Akbash.
Eminyakeni yama-70s, abafuyi baseMelika baba nentshisekelo kulezi zinja. Babambe iqhaza ekukhuleni kohlobo, bekhulisa indinganiso futhi banakekela ifa elihle. Baqala ukuwela i-Kangal yaseTurkey nabamele ezinye izinhlobo, futhi umphumela kwaba ukuvela komalusi ongum-Anatolian.
Ekhaya, lezi zinja zithathwa njenge-mestizos - ingxube ye-kangal ne-akbash, okungukuthi, lapha abatholanga ukuqashelwa kwabo. Kepha, ngenxa yomsebenzi onjalo, umhlaba wonke wafunda ngezinja zaseTurkey, futhi namuhla iningi labalimi bezinja banethuba lokuthola isilwane esingajwayelekile kangako.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwe-Anatolian Shepherd Inja
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile koMelusi wase-Anatoli akudingekile - nje ukondla, ukuhamba, ukuhlinzeka ngokuzivocavoca komzimba futhi uphume kahle, ikakhulukazi lapho kuncibilika. Noma kunjalo, ukugcinwa kwezinja ezinjalo kudinga isikhathi samahhala, ukuzinikezela okuqinile, ukubekezela nothando olukhulu lwezilwane. Njenganoma iyiphi inja yomelusi, i-Anatolian idinga ukuqeqeshwa, amakilasi angaba yisiphi, isilwane esifanayo sizobabona kahle. Iqiniso ukuthi ingqondo yomelusi ifuneka kakhulu, abamele lezi zinhlobo zokuthanda ukufunda, babe lusizo futhi benze noma imiphi imisebenzi.
Ukulala nje embhedeni, i-Anatolian Shepherd puppy ngeke ikhule ibe yi-nanny ekahle yezingane, umnakekeli wekhaya, onogada bomndeni kanye nomngane nje wakho, udinga ukubhekana nale nja. Ngenxa yesici esinjalo kokuqukethwe, akuvame ukuthi kunconywe ukuqala i-kangal yabantu abangenaso isipiliyoni ngokuzalanisa izinja, kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwesipiliyoni kungenzeka kulimaze kunokuba kusize, ngoba okuhlangenwe nakho ngokuyinhloko kungumbono we-stereotypes embonweni. Uma umuntu ekhulise iningi labelusi baseJalimane, khona-ke amakhono atholakele azomvimba, futhi i-kangal izomdumaza ngokuphelele, ngokwesibonelo, ngokuthambekela ekuthatheni izinqumo ngokuzimele futhi angakhombisi ukuziphatha "okufana nobhothi". Ikakhulu, le nja ithatha isinqumo sokuthi iyamvumela yini umuntu ukuthi angene endlini noma cha, futhi umniniyo angavele avumelane nombono wakhe. Ngokuqondene nempilo, izilwane azithinteki ezifweni, zinokungavikeleki okuhle kusuka ekuzalweni, futhi ziba nokulimazeka ezindlebeni kuphela uma zihlala kokungakapheli isikhathi eside.
Ukuqeqeshwa nokusebenzisa
Umelusi we-Anatolian uhlakaniphe khulu, kodwana ngekhe akhombise ukuthobeka kwakhe kumuntu. Kumele enze isiqiniseko sokuthi usebenzelana nomholi weqiniso. Lapho usebenza naye, kubalulekile ukuthi uyeke ngokushesha umzamo omncane kakhulu wokubusa. NgoKarabash, kufanele ubhekane nezifundo zokuphoqelelwa okufanele uzenze. Njengenja yokuqala, ayifanele umuntu wokuqala.
Abamele lolu hlobo lokuzala babaluleke kakhulu ekuphasheni kwezenhlalo yokuqala, kungenjalo kuzoba nzima ngabo ukuhlala emphakathini wesintu. Futhi, inja yomalusi idinga umthwalo wengqondo oqhubekayo.
Ama-Anatoliya akwazi ukubonisana - uma, ngombono wawo, iqembu lingadingeka, inja ngeke ikwazi ukukufeza ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Ngendlela, ukuzalanisa kusaqhubeka ukusetshenziswa abaseTurkey ngezinhloso zabo ezihlosiwe. Ngokwesiko elide, izindlebe zezingane zaseKarabash zinqunywa ukuze zingaphazamisi lapho kuliwa nezimpisi. Isiko alikaziphileli uqobo.
E-Afrika, izimfanelo zomelusi zisetshenziselwa futhi ukuvikela imihlambi yezinkomo, kepha hhayi kwizimpisi, kepha ezinhlafunweni. E-Russia, laba bavame ukungakhathali kanye nabangane abangakhathali. Ngezansi isithombe i-kangal iboniswa ngqo emsebenzini.
Ukuxhumana nezingane
Izinja zomalusi ze-Anatolian ziyabekezela ezinganeni, kodwa akufanele ulindele ukuthi inja ibe umlingani emidlalweni emnandi yengane. Yize kunjalo, ngisho nasebancane kakhulu, lokhu kuzala akuvamisileli emidlalweni nakuma-prank, njengamanye amachwane.
Kumuntu wase-Anatolian, ingane yinto okumele ivikelwe futhi ingane ingashiywa ngokuphepha ngaphansi kweso lomvikeli onjalo oqaphile. Inja ngeke ivume noma ngubani ukungena ingane noma ayikhiphele endaweni evikelwe.
Ukudla
Ngenxa yokukhetha kwayo, uMelusi wase-Anatoli akadingi umsoco okhethekile. Isihluthulelo sokudla okuphumelelayo inyama, inyama eningi ayinikwa nsuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ngeminye imikhiqizo - inhlanzi, ushizi wekhishi, okusanhlamvu, imifino, izithelo. Khumbula ukuthi inja kumele ibe namanzi amasha esizindeni somphakathi. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokondla i-kangal ngokudla okomile, khona-ke qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha ukudla okumakwe "i-super premium".
Lezi zinja ezingamalusi zithanda ukudla kahle, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi inja ayidli ngokweqile, uma kungenjalo uzobhekana nokukhuluphala. Njengemidlwane yabo bonke abamele umhlaba we-canine, ngesikhathi sokukhula kwabo kungcono ukufaka ama-chondroprotectors ekudleni ukuvikela amalunga.
Akusizi ngalutho ukuqala uMelusi wase-Anatolian njengomuhlali wedolobha njengenja kasofa, phela ungumuntu okhuthele ngempela futhi uzobuna angasebenzi. Kepha uma ukuthandile lokhu kuzala, ke zilungiselele ukuhlinzeka inja yakho nokuzilibazisa, uma kungenjalo kuzoshintsha ifulethi lakho libe yincithakalo.
Incazelo yokubukeka
Lezi izinja ezinkulu, ezifika kubude obungu-85 cm lapho zibuna nesisindo esingama-70 kg (emadodeni). Abesifazane bancane kakhulu, kepha abaphansi kunabesilisa ngamandla nangokukhuthazela. Umzimba we-kangal unemisipha, uqinile, ugoqwe ngobunye. Ukuvela okujwayelekile kukamalusi kwakha umuzwa wamandla aphumayo avela esilwaneni:
- Ikhanda lomalusi likhulu, linzima. Izindlebe zincanyana, zilenga uhhafu, amathiphu acindezelwe ekhanda. ETurkey, kusisiko ukumisa izindlebe zezingane ngokushesha nje ukuze kuthi lapho zilwa nezimpisi, zingaphazamisi.
- Amehlo anombala onsundu noma ophuzi (umthunzi uncike kumbala wenja uqobo), umumo we-alimondi, omkhulu. Ukubukeka kuthule.
- Ijazi liqondile, lifushane, ngaphansi kwengubo ethambile futhi ethambile, evumela ukuthi inja iphile kahle ngaphandle unyaka wonke. Izinwele ezinde nezinwele zabamele le ndlela yokuzalanisa azamukeleki.
- Umbala we-kangal ungaba: mhlophe, isihlabathi, ushokoledi, obomvu obomvu. Imisinga eshisayo neyofiphele iyavunyelwa. Imaski emnyama ingahle ibe khona ebusweni benja.
Izidingo zokubonakala kohlobo lokuzala azinzima. Emashumini amaningi eminyaka, izinja zazakhethwa, okokuqala, ngokwezimpawu zazo zokusebenza. Umelusi we-Anatolian kuze kube namuhla ungumngane othembekile womalusi, umsizi kumzingeli nomvikeli womndeni womnikazi.
E-Afrika, abamele lokhu kuzalanisa kusetshenziselwa ukuvikela izimbuzi nezinkomo emahlafuneni. Izinja zibheke umdlwane zijahe ukuhlasela, zimenze ukubaleka.
Izici zokuzala
Uhlobo lwezinja lwe-Anatolian lubhaliswe kwirejista yamazwe aphesheya kwezilwandle kamuva nje - ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. Eqinisweni, igama lohlobo lokuzalwa liyigama elihlanganisa izinhlobo zezinja eziningana. ETurkey, izinja zomalusi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu: i-Kangal, ama-bass olwandle, iKarabash, i-Akbash, iMalakl, i-Boz Shepherd. Banomehluko omncane kwangaphandle, sebekhonze umuntu ngokufanele ngamakhulu eminyaka. Kuneziphakamiso zokuthi iKarabash yaseTurkey inobuhlobo bomndeni ne-Central Asia Shepherd Inja (iTurkmen Alabai) kanye nezinja eziningana zomelusi baseYurophu (Maremma, Hungary Kuvas, Slovak Chuvach).
Iminyaka eminingi, izinja zazihlala eceleni komuntu, zisiza umnikazi wazo ekusebenzeni kanzima nasekuvikeleni ezilwaneni eziyizitha nasezitheni. Kuyo yonke iminyaka yokukhethwa okunzima, kuye kwakhiwa umlingiswa ozimele wesilwane. UKangal uyakwazi ukusheshe ahlole isimo esimweni esibucayi (ukuhlaselwa kwezimpisi enkomeni noma ukusongela umnikazi kusuka komunye umuntu), enze ngokuzimela. Ukwesaba, ukwethembeka namandla enja kumenza umqaphi ofanele.
Lezi zimfanelo ze-kangal zenza kube isilwane esinzima, esidinga indlela engathi sína yokuqeqeshwa. Ikhwalithi enjalo, elusizo ekusebenzeni umhlambi, njengokuzimela kanye nekhono lokwenza izinqumo ngokuzimele, empilweni ejwayelekile yenza inja ibe nzima ukuyiphatha. Umnikazi ongenalwazi futhi ongaqinisekanga, ugijimisa ubungozi bokungalawulwa kokukhuliswa kohlobo olungathi sina.
UMelusi uhlangana kahle nezingane. Ungashiya ingane inakekelwe yi-kangal, uqiniseke ukuthi akukho lutho oluzokwenzeka enganeni. Umelusi wase-Anatolian uhlangana kahle nezilwane ezifuywayo, ngoba kuwo wonke umlando wokwakhiwa kohlobo, izinja zazihlala eceleni kwezinkomo. UKangal uveze izimfanelo zokuvikela. Inja Yamalusi Ye-Anatoli ingathenjwa ngabaqaphi bezindlu; izinja ezigada kakhulu ziphuma kubo.
Izifo zokuzala
Abelusi abangama-anatolian bathola impilo enhle kokhokho babo, futhi abanazo izifo eziningi ze-canine ezithinta izinhlobo ezinkulu nezinkulu. Abesabi izinguquko zokushisa, ukuguquka kwesimo noma ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba.
Kodwa noma kunjalo, abanye abantu bahlakulela ama-pathologies alandelayo:
- Izifo zezitho zombono - imvamisa kuvame ukufakwa (ukuguqula izinkophe),
- i-pathology ehlanganisiwe (ehlotshaniswa nesisindo esikhulu sesilwane nemilenze emide) noma i-dysplasia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-calcium.
Uma inja igonyelwa ngesikhathi futhi udokotela wezilwane evakashelwa ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile, khona-ke empeleni azikho izinkinga ezizophakama. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle, isikhathi sokuphila kwabelusi baseTurkey yiminyaka eyi-10-12.
Izindleko zezinjana zalolu hlobo lokuzalela
Azikho izithombo eziningi zokunakekela izingane ezibandakanyekile ekuzaleni kwabelusi base-Anatoli, ngakho-ke izindleko zabo ziphakeme impela. Ngomdlwane oboshwe kahle onama-pedigree namadokhumenti, umnikazi wesikhathi esizayo kuzodingeka akhokhe kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu kuya kwamashumi ayisithupha.
Kepha izingane ezinamaphutha (umbala ongeyona ejwayelekile, amabala amhlophe emzimbeni, izinwele ezinde) ashibhile kakhulu. Futhi uma umnikazi engahlelile ukubamba iqhaza kwimibukiso yakhe futhi efuna ukuthenga nje umqaphi wendlu yakhe, khona-ke angathenga imidlwane ngama ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi kuya kwezingamashumi amabili.
Okufanele ukondle
Abahluzi be-Anatolian Shepherd abalimi bagcina izilwane ekudleni kwemvelo. Ukudla kwansuku zonke kwenja kufaka:
- inyama (inyama yamahhashi, inyama yenkomo, i-lean mutton noma inyama yembuzi) - kuze kufike ku-70% wenani lonke lokudla,
- imikhiqizo yobisi (i-kefir, ubisi olubilisiwe olubunjiwe, iyogathi ngaphandle kwezithako ezinhle, ushizi wasekhishini),
- izithelo nemifino njengekhambi,
- okusanhlamvu (irayisi, i-buckwheat) ngesilinganiso esincane.
Izinja zokwelusa zithambekele ekudleni ngokweqile, ngakho-ke umsebenzi womnikazi ukulawula isisindo sesifuyo sakhe. Amakhilogremu athe xaxa afaka umthwalo ngokweqile enhliziyweni nasekuhlanganeni.
Isifo Nokulindeleka Kwempilo
Njengabo bonke abameleli bezinja ezinkulu, iminyaka yezinja zokwalusa zama-Anatoli imfushane, ineminyaka engu-135 kuphela ubudala. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izilwane azithobeki kakhulu futhi zinokuzivikela komzimba okuqinile. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezinyane, kufanele unake ukuhlangana kwenja. Ngenxa yobuningi bomzimba omkhulu, umthwalo phezu kwawo ungaba mkhulu kakhulu. Ekudleni komalusi okhulayo udinga ukufaka ukudla okune-collagen (ijeli yenyama, i-cartilage) bese unikeza amavithamini akhethekile.