Ingwe yolwandle - isidalwa esinegazi * Ama-vertebrates

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Ingwe yolwandle ingeyezinhlobo zezimpawu zamanzi zangempela futhi itholakala ezifundeni ezingaphansi komhlaba kuze kufike emngceleni weqhwa elishayayo.

Lolu hlobo lwathola igama laso ngenxa yokuziphatha kwalo olubi. Ungomunye wezidlamlilo ezinkulu kunazo zonke, eziqine futhi eziyingozi kakhulu ezihlala e-Antarctic. Kunabantu abacishe babe yingxenye yesigidi sabantu kule nhlobo. Kodwa-ke, abamele izinhlobo zezingwe zasolwandle ababuthani, njengezihlobo zabo, emaqenjini amaningi, akhulunywe ngezwi elikhulu ahlela ukuzulazula eqhweni. Ingwe yolwandle ithande ukuhlala yodwa.

Ukubonakala kwengwe yolwandle

Ngokungafani nabamele abomndeni waso, ingwe yolwandle inomzimba omude, oqinile futhi mncanyana, ekuguquguqkeni kwayo, okhumbuza inyoka.

Lokhu kuvumela isilwane ukuthi sikhule ngesivinini esihle emanzini. Ikhanda lesilwane ezincelisayo lithambile kancane. Emlonyeni kunemigqa emibili yamazinyo adliwayo anama fangs. Ngokwesisindo sayo esiqinile, ingwe yolwandle ayinawo amanoni angaphansi kwayo. Abesilisa bancane kunabesifazane. Isisindo sowesilisa silinganiselwa ku-270 kg, ubude bomzimba - amamitha ama-3. Abesifazane bangaba nesisindo esifinyelela kuma-400 kg ngobude bomzimba ofinyelela kumamitha angama-4.

Isikhumba sengwe yolwandle emhlane, ekhanda nezinhlangothini zimnyama grey, isisu simhlophe. Kubonakala umngcele obukhali lapho umbala owodwa ushintsha uye komunye. Kunenqwaba yezindawo ezimnyama ezinhlangothini zomzimba wengwe yolwandle nasekhanda. Ngokubambisana nemvelo yesilwane esidliwayo, la mabala asize izazi zebhayoloji ukuthi zinikeze igama lolu hlobo lwezimpawu zasendle. Ekuzalweni, ingwe yolwandle yezingane inombala wesikhumba esifanayo nezilwane ezindala.

I-Sea Leopard Behavior kanye Nutrition

Esifundeni esise-polar, lesi silwanyana esidla ubukhosi sihamba phambili, kanye nomkhomo obulala. Ukudla kwezingwe zasolwandle kwehlukile: ama-cephalopods, izinhlanzi, ama-crustaceans, izinyoni, izimpawu zamanzi. Ochwepheshe baphawula ukuthi isabelo esiyinhloko ekudleni kwalolu hlobo ngama-penguins. Ingwe enkulu yolwandle enamaphiko ayilokothi ihlasele ukuhlasela, kepha amancanyana ayo nabancane bavame ukuzingela. Kunezimo lapho laba bantu abahlaselayo behlasela khona izidalwa ezincane zezindlovu, kanti ngezindlovu zasolwandle ezindala bavame ukulala emadwaleni asogwini. Ekudleni kwezingwe zasolwandle, ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile. Ezinye izilwane zalolu hlobo zizingela ama-penguin kuphela, kanti ezinye zithanda ukudla izidwayiso.

Lezi zidlova ezinonya zihlasela ngisho nabantu. Lokhu kwenzeka uma umuntu esondele emaphethelweni eqhwa angazi. Ijubane elikhulu lokubhukuda, ingwe yolwandle igxuma kakhulu. Amaphinifa angaphambili amade futhi aqine enzelwe ukusiza isilwane ukuba sikhule ngesivinini esikhulu lapho sihamba emanzini. Ingwe yolwandle ingashesha ukufika ku-40 km / h. Amasu alesi silwane lapho ukuzingela kungendlela elandelayo: ukusheshe uphume emanzini ubambe isisulu esigaxekile, esendaweni engenamkhawulo yeqhwa.

Ingwe yasolwandle ibamba inyamazane yayo eqhweni, uma umuntu ekwazi ukuphunyuka ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kokuqala. Isisulu sasolwandle singatshuza sijule ngamamitha angama-300 bese senza ngaphandle kwemimoya imizuzu engama-30. Lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezincelisayo luthanda ukuhlala olwandle oluvulekile, phakathi kokudonsa iqhwa noma emanzini asogwini azungeze iziqhingi. Ohlangothini lwase-Antarctica, lesi silwane asivamisile ukubhukuda.

Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abantu abadala bathanda ukuhlala bodwa, izinyamazane ezincane zasendle ziyahlangana ngamaqembu amancane ezilwane ezi-6,6. Emuntwini walezi zinhlobo ngesikhathi sokuyalela, akukho sici sokuziphatha salesi sikhathi esibonakalayo. Ayikho imibhangqwana yokuqala, noma imidlalo yomshado. Ehlobo, ukukhula komzimba kwenzeka emanzini. Ukukhulelwa kulolu hlobo kuthatha izinyanga eziyi-11.

Entwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo, okuwukuphela kwewundlu kuzalwa kuqhwa. Ukuphakama kwengane esanda kuzalwa kungamamitha ayi-1.5 enesisindo esingama-30 kg. Ukuncelisa ubisi kuthatha amasonto ama-4. Ngemuva kwalokho, ingwe yolwandle yezingane kufanele ifunde ukuzitholela yona ukudla kwayo. Ukuvuthwa ngokobulili kwabesifazane nabesilisa kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezihlukile: kwabesilisa abaseminyakeni engu-4 ubudala, kwabesifazane ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu yokuphila. Izingwe zasolwandle endaweni yazo yemvelo zingaphila iminyaka engama-25.

Abantu noLwandle Ingwe

Ukuhlaselwa kwezingwe zolwandle kubantu kuchazwa iqiniso lokuthi akukho lula ukuthi isilwane siqaphele emanzini ukuthi ngubani onqenqemeni lweqhwa. Abanye abacwaningi bathi kungenzeka impela ukuthola ukuxhumana ngokuthula nabamele le nhlobo. Abantu, nabo, abazingeli izingwe zasolwandle futhi akukho songo sokuqothulwa kwesibalo sabo.

Ukubhebhetheka

Ingwe yolwandle iyindawo ehlala olwandle lwe-Antarctic futhi itholakala kuwo wonke umkhawulo weqhwa le-Antarctic. Ikakhulu, intsha iya ngomkhumbi ogwini lweziqhingi eziphansi futhi zitholakala kuwo unyaka wonke. Ngezikhathi ezithile izilwane ezifudukayo noma ezidukayo ziya e-Australia, New Zealand naseTierra del Fuego.

Ukuhlaselwa kwabantu

Kwesinye isikhathi izingwe zolwandle zihlasela abantu. NgoJulayi 22, usosayensi waseBrithani uKirsty Brown waba yisisulu sokuhlaselwa okunje ngenkathi ezula. Imizuzu eyisithupha, ingwe yolwandle yabamba amazinyo ayo ekujuleni kwama-70 m, yaze yabola. Lokhu kungukuphela kokuphela kwenani lokufa komuntu elihlotshaniswa nezingwe zasolwandle, yize kuke kwaba nemibiko yokuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe phambilini. Izingwe zasolwandle azesabi ukuhlasela izikebhe; ziyagxuma ziphuma emanzini zibambe umuntu ngomlenze. Izinto zokuhlaselwa okunje zivame ukuba ngabasebenzi beziteshi zokucwaninga. Isizathu salokhu kuziphatha kwezingwe ukuthambekela kwabo kokuhlasela izilwane kusuka onqenqemeni lweqhwa kusuka emanzini. Kulokhu, ingwe yolwandle evela emanzini akulula ukuyiqonda noma ukuhlukanisa ukuthi ngubani ngempela inyamazane yayo. Umthwebuli wezithombe waseCanada owaziwayo futhi owine imiklomelo eminingana uPaul Nicklen, owathwebula izithombe zokuzingela okungaphansi kwamanzi kwamaphengwini izingwe zasolwandle, uthi lezi zilwane zingasungula ukuxhumana ngokuthula. Ngokusho kwakhe, ingwe yolwandle imlethe kaninginingi inyamazane yayo futhi ikhombisa ilukuluku lokufuna ukwazi ngaphezu kodlame.

Indlela yokuphila

Emini, umphangi wolwandle ulala ngokuthula phezu kweqhwa, futhi ngokuqala kobusuku, lapho amafu e-krill enyukela phezulu esuka ekujuleni, sifika isikhathi sesikhathi sokudla kwasemini yengwe.

UKrill wenza cishe ama-45% ekudleni kwengwe, enye i-10% izinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene kanye nama-cephalopods. Isakhiwo esikhethekile semihlathi sikuvumela ukuthi udlule amanzi ngokusebenzisa amazinyo akho bese ubamba i-krill nenhlanzi emlonyeni wakho. Kodwa-ke, kwakungekhona ukumuncwa kwe-krill nenhlanzi okwakulethela izingwe zolwandle udumo lwabazingeli, kodwa kwakuzingela izilwane ezinkulu. Ekwindla, izingwe zolwandle ziba nolaka ngokwengeziwe, zivame ukusondela ogwini, lapho kutholakala khona izihlambi zoboya ezinamafutha kanye namaphengwini amancane angenalwazi emanzini. Ingwe ibulala izilwane ngamafutha. Imvamisa, abahloli bamazwe e-Arctic bakubone ukuhlaselwa kwengwe emapenguins.

Ama-penguin agugile futhi angaqondakali emanzini futhi anezinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwezingwe ezinkulu zolwandle. Ngakho-ke, ukuzingela i-penguin yabantu abadala abanolwazi ngeke kulethe impumelelo, isihloko sokuzingela inyamazane ngamankukhu namanoni anempilo. Ingwe ibuka isisulu emanzini angajulile noma ifihle ngemuva kweqhwa. Uma ama-penguin ehogela isitha, khona manjalo asiphuthumi ukugxumela emanzini. Kulokhu, ingwe ngokwayo iyagobhoza ogwini, kodwa emhlabathini ibaxakile futhi iyathinteka. Agile, angaqondakali, usemanzini kuphela.

Izinyoni, zibuyela emuva izitebhisi ezimbalwa emanzini, ziba, ezingafinyeleleki kuye. Kepha emanzini, inyoni ebanjwe emazinyweni omhlaseli iyekwe. Kwesinye isikhathi ingwe yolwandle ingadlala nge-penguin elimele, iphonse emoyeni, idakwe. Ngemuva kwalokho, uyesula inyoni, asuse isikhumba ngezimpaphe. Umhlaseli uhlasela umzimba ngamazinyo futhi anikine ikhanda ngezindlela ezihlukene kuze kube yilapho iphakethe lingasuki esikhunjeni futhi lingafiki emafutheni afunekayo. Seal ayidli nyama, iya ku-starfish. Ukuzingela akupheli lapho, umhlaseli uzikhethela inyamakazi elandelayo.

Impilo yengwe yolwandle ifundwe kancane, imininingwane ekuyo ivela ocwaningweni lokucwaninga. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, abesilisa basondele e-icebergs, bangena ngaphakathi ezingxenyeni zayo bese becula izingoma zabo zokuphephisa lapho, bekhulisa umsindo futhi ngaleyo ndlela baheha izintokazi ukuba zizwane.

Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinyanga eziyishumi nanye, futhi izingane ziyavela ezinyangeni zokugcina zasentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Isisindo se-cub sifinyelela kumakhilogremu angama-30, ubude - 1.5 metres. Ukubeletha kwenzeka e-ice floe, insikazi yondla ingane ngobisi inyanga eyodwa, bese ifundisa ukubhukuda futhi ifundise ukuzingela. Uma abantu abadala bekhetha isizungu, khona-ke izingwe ezincane zolwandle zihlanganiswa emhlambini. Bafinyelela eminyakeni yokuthomba.

Isibalo sezingwe zasolwandle siyizinkulungwane ezingama-400. Futhi yize, ngokusho kochwepheshe, ukuqothuka kungabasongeli, lezi zilwane zase-Arctic zisengozini enkulu. Impilo yabo yonke ixhumene nokukhukhuleka kweqhwa kanye nama-icebergs, baphumula phezu kwabo, amathole abo azalwa ophezu kweqhwa. Ukushisa komhlaba kufaka ushintsho endleleni yokuphila kwalezi zilwane, ezakheke ngaphezulu kwezigidi zeminyaka. Ukuthi lezi zinguquko zizothinta kanjani imidondoshiya yasolwandle, akekho ongasho namuhla.

Ngabe kudlani?

Ingwe yolwandle yaziwa njengedlozi elingagculisi, ikakhulukazi ngoba alugcini nakwezinye izimpawu zamanzi: ifaka izihlobo zayo - izihlokwana zekhreyithi, futhi ezingxenyeni zezinye izihlambi ezihlala emanzini ogwini lwe-Antarctica.

Kodwa-ke, izindikimba zakha ingxenye yeshumi yokudla kwengwe yolwandle. Kaningi, ama-penguin aba yisisulu sawo. Ingwe yolwandle ibalindele phakathi kwamaza eqhwa nokuhlaselwa okuvela ngaphansi. Ngemuva kokubamba i-penguin, yena, ebambe amazinyo akhe, awashukumise ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye, edwengula izingcezu ezinkulu zenyama ephuma emzimbeni wakhe futhi ezigwinya khona lapho. Amapengu abhukuda kanye nezimpawu zasolwandle, futhi ahlala aqaphile, ngakho-ke ayakwazi kakhulu ukubalekela amazinyo amabi alesi silwane esinolaka. Ekudleni kwezilwane ezincane, i-krill ithatha indawo esemqoka. Abadala nabo badla izinyoni nezinhlanzi.

Ingwe yolwandle ihlala imamatheka

Ungase ucabange ukuthi isici esihlukanisayo sengwe yolwandle kuphela kwesikhumba saso esibonakalayo. Kodwa-ke, izimpawu eziningi zinamabala. Okuhlukanisa lolu hlobo yizinhloko zalo eziphakeme nomzimba osontekile, okufana ne-eel fluffy. Ubude bomzimba buhluka phakathi kwamamitha ayi-3-3,7 (izinsikazi zincane kakhulu kunabesilisa), futhi zinesisindo esingu-350-450 kg. Lezi zilwane zihlala zibonakala zimomotheka ngoba imiphetho yomlomo iphakanyisiwe. Ingwe yolwandle iyisilwane esikhulu, kepha incane kunezivikelo zasendlovu kanye nama-walruses.

Izingwe Zasolwandle - Izidlamlilo

Ingwe yolwandle ingadla cishe kunoma yikuphi okunye. Njengabanye, abamele le nhlobo banamazinyo abukhali angaphambili namazinyo amade. Noma kunjalo, ama-molars wesilwane asondelene ndawonye ukuze enze isihlungo, esikuvumela ukuthi ucofe i-krill emanzini. Cubs ikakhulukazi udla krill, kodwa lapho nje bafunda ukuzingela, badla upenguins, squid, igobolondo, inhlanzi kanye nezimpawu ezincane. Lezi ukuphela kwezimpawu ezivame ukuzingela inyamazane enegazi efudumele. Lezi zidlova zivame ukulinda inyamazane engaphansi kwamanzi bese ihlasela.

Enye ingwe yolwandle izame ukondla lo mthwebuli zithombe

Izingwe zolwandle ziyizisulu eziyingozi kakhulu. Yize ukuhlaselwa kwabantu kunqabile, kubhalwe phansi izimpawu zokuziphatha kabi, ukuhlukunyezwa nokufa. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lezi zilwane zingaguqula izikebhe ezinokwehla, okudala ubungozi obuqondile kubantu.

Kodwa-ke, akuyona yonke imihlangano nabantu esisongela ngayo. Ngenkathi umthwebuli wezithombe weNational Geographic uPaul Nicklen engena emanzini e-Antarctic eyobuka isimilo sezilwane, owesifazane owamthwebula wamlethela amaphinifa abalimele futhi ashonile. Akukaziwa ukuthi lesi silwane sizamile yini ukondla umthwebuli wezithombe, simfundise ukuzingela, noma sinezinye izinhloso.

Bangadlala ngokudla kwabo.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi izingwe zasolwandle zidlala "ikati negundane" ngesisulu sazo, ngokuvamisile ngezimpawu zamanzi ezincane noma. Bazophishekela inyamazane yabo ize ibaleke noma ife, kepha empeleni ayidli isisulu. Ososayensi abaqinisekile ngesizathu salokhu kuziphatha, kepha bakholelwa ukuthi kuyasiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono okuzingela noma kuwuhlobo lokuzijabulisa.

Izingwe zolwandle zihlabelela ngaphansi kwamanzi

Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, izingwe zasolwandle zesilisa zicula kakhulu ngaphansi kwamanzi amahora amaningi nsuku zonke. Ngesikhathi sokucula, lesi silwane siphakamisa ingemuva lomzimba phezulu, sigobe intamo, sikhiphe emakhaleni aso nangasemgwaqweni ovela ngapha nangapha. Owesilisa ngamunye unokucula okuhlukile, futhi kungashintsha nangobudala. Ukucula kuyahlangana nesikhathi sokuzalela. Abesifazane bayaziwa nokucula lapho amazinga e-hormone ephakama ngesikhathi se-estrus.

Lezi yizilwane ezihlala zodwa.

Ngaphandle kuyizinsikazi ezinamathole nemibhangqwana ngesikhathi sokuzala. Izingwe zasolwandle zihlala ehlobo, isikhathi sokukhulelwa sithatha izinyanga ezingaba ngu-11, ekugcineni kuzelwe ikonyana elilodwa. Ukondla inzalo ngobisi lwebele ihlala cishe inyanga. Abesifazane bavuthwa ngokocansi beneminyaka emithathu kuya kweyisikhombisa. Abesilisa bavuthwa kungekudala, ngokuvamile abaneminyaka eyisithupha kuya kwayisikhombisa. Isilinganiso sokuphila isikhathi eside sisukela eminyakeni eyi-12 kuye kweli-15.

Kuzo zonke izimpawu, izingwe zasolwandle kuphela ezibhekwa njengabazingeli bangempela. Indawo esemqoka yokuqongelela lezi zilwane yi-Antarctic ebambekayo. Lapha badlala indima 'yomphangi omkhulu ", njengamabhubesi e-Afrika. Azulazula emanzini asogwini emashalofini eqhwa e-Antarctic. Izingwe zasolwandle zinesimo esibi, ama-fangs amakhulu kanye nekhono lokujaha inyamazane ngesivinini esikhulu.

Ingwe yolwandle - (lat. Hydrurga leptonyx) - uhlobo lwezimpawu zamanzi ezihlala ezifundeni ezingaphansi kweLwandlekazi Oluseningizimu. Yathola igama layo libonga esikhunjeni esinezikhumba, futhi nangenxa yokuziphatha okuphambili kakhulu. Omunye wabamele abakhulu bomndeni wezimpawu zamanzi, ngosayizi nangesisindo, ungowesibili kwabesilisa kuphela abophawu lwendlovu yaseningizimu. Igama laso lesayensi lingahunyushwa lisuselwa esiGrekini nakwisiLatini ngokuthi "ukuntywila", noma "ukushwabana okuncane, ukusebenza emanzini." Ngasikhathi sinye, ingumhlaseli wangempela we-Antarctic. Ungukuphela komuntu omele izinyoni zaseningizimu ye-polar, ingxenye enkulu yazo ehlala nezilwane ezinkulu ezinegazi elifudumele - amapengu, ama-flying waterfowl ngisho nabafowethu abasebenza ngophawu. Isithombe esihle sesilwane esisebenza kanzima, esiphefumulelwe igama laso lesiLatini, sisuka lapho, udinga kuphela ukumazi kangcono futhi ubheke emehlweni angenakumbali wombulali. Kuzo ngokoqobo ushaya umphefumulo obandayo obandayo namandla anqumayo.

Futhi ungavumeli ubuso bakhe obuhle abukhohlise

Yethule njengepenguin. Uyahamba, uhamba e-Antarctica, uqala abheke olwandle ngaphambi kokujula.

. futhi kukhona ipuck enjalo kuye!

bese kubajaha okufishane.

ambambe ngamazinyo akhe ayishumi

bese - - rrraz! . Futhi yilokho kuphela.

Namuhla, ipenguin imane nje ingukudla futhi ayidlulanga ukuhlolwa kokukhethwa kwemvelo.

Ekudleni, lezi zilwane azikho emthethweni: azikukhiphi i-krill, inhlanzi ngisho nenyama yesihlobo.
Ingwe yolwandle inomzimba olulwe kakhulu, okuyivumela ukuba ikhule ngesivinini esiphezulu emanzini. Ikhanda lakhe lithambile futhi libukeka njengelesilo sasekhaya. Ama-lobes angaphambili ahlala phezulu kakhulu futhi ingwe yolwandle ihamba emanzini ngosizo lwemivimbo yabo eqinile yokuvumelanisa. Ingwe yabesilisa yasolwandle ifinyelela kubude obungamamitha amathathu, izinsikazi zikhulu ngandlela-thile ngobude obungafika ku-4 m. Isisindo sabesilisa cishe singama-270 kg, kuthi kwabesifazane sifinyelele kuma-400 kg. Umbala engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba ungwevu omnyama, futhi phansi umhlophe ngesiliva. Izindawo ezimpunga ziyabonakala ekhanda nasezinhlangothini.

Ingwe yolwandle itholakala ngokuzungeza u-Antarctic ice.Abantu abasha beza ogwini lweziqhingi eziphansi futhi batholakala kuzo unyaka wonke. Ngezikhathi ezithile izilwane ezifudukayo noma ezidukayo ziya e-Australia, New Zealand naseTierra del Fuego.
Kanye nomkhomo obulala, ingwe yolwandle iyisidlamlilo esivelele esifundeni esiseningizimu ye-polar, ekwazi ukufinyelela isivinini esingafika ku-40 km / h futhi isigelezele ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-300. Ihlala izingela ama-crabeater seals, seals Weddell, seals eared and penguins. Izingwe eziningi zasolwandle zisebenza kakhulu ekuzingeleni kwe-seal kuzo zonke izimpilo zazo, yize ezinye zikhethekile ngopenguin. Izingwe zasolwandle zihlasela inyamazane emanzini futhi zibulawa lapho, noma kunjalo, uma izilwane zibalekela eqhweni, khona-ke izingwe zolwandle zingazilandela lapho. Izimpawu eziningi zamakhreyithi zinamabala emizimbeni yazo ngokuhlaselwa izingwe zasolwandle.
Izingwe zasolwandle zihlala zodwa. Bancane kuphela abantu ngezinye izikhathi abahlangana ngamaqembu amancane. Phakathi kukaNovemba noFebhuwari, izingwe zasolwandle zishada phakathi emanzini. Ngaphandle kwalesi sikhathi, abesilisa nabesifazane empeleni abanabo oxhumana nabo. Phakathi kukaSepthemba noJanuwari, kuzalwa iwundlu elilodwa eqhweni futhi kuphekelwa ubisi lukamama amasonto amane. Eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine, izingwe zasolwandle zithola ukuthomba, futhi isilinganiso sempilo yazo ephakathi kweminyaka engama-26.

Kwesinye isikhathi izingwe zolwandle zihlasela abantu. NgoJulayi 22, 2003, usosayensi waseBrithani uKirsty Brown waba yisisulu sokuhlaselwa okunje ngesikhathi kwehla emanzini. Imizuzu eyisithupha, ingwe yolwandle yabamba amazinyo ayo ekujuleni kwama-70 m, yaze yabola. Lokhu kuze kube manje ukuphela kokufa komuntu okuhambisana nezingwe zasolwandle, yize kuyaziwa ngokuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe esikhathini esedlule.
Abesabi ukuhlasela izikebhe noma ukuphuma emanzini ukuze babambe umlenze womuntu. Izinhloso zokuhlaselwa okunjalo ikakhulukazi bekuyizisebenzi zeziteshi zokucwaninga.
Isizathu salokhu ngamacebo avamile wezingwe zasolwandle, ehlasela izilwane ezitholakala emaphethelweni eqhwa ephuma emanzini. Ngasikhathi sinye, akulula ukuthi ingwe yolwandle ibone noma ihlukanise ukuthi ngubani inyamazane yayo emanzini.
Ngokungafani nezibonelo zokuziphatha okunolaka kwezingwe zasolwandle, umthwebuli wezithombe waseCanada owaziwayo kanye nomwina wemiklomelo eminingana, uPaul Nicklen, othathe izithombe zabo zokukhwela amapenguins, uthi lezi zilwane zingasungula ukuxhumana ngokuthula. Umthwebuli zithombe uPaul Nicklen wehle ngaphansi kwamanzi ukuthatha enye yezilwane ezidla ubhedu e-Antarctica. UPaul wayethukile - ingwe isebenzisa ama-vertebrates anegazi elifudumele (amathanga, izimbotshana zamatshe) futhi iwadabula kalula izicucu - kepha uchwepheshe wayo wawunqoba. Kwakuwumuntu omkhulu kakhulu. Le ntokazi yasondela kumthwebuli wezithombe, yavula umlomo wayo yabamba isandla sayo nekhamera emihlathini. Ngemuva kwesikhashana wavuma wahamba ngomkhumbi. Wabe esemlethela ipenguin ephilayo, emkhulula phambi kukaPaul. Wabe esebamba enye futhi waphinda wamnika. Njengoba umthwebuli zithombe engaphendulanga nhlobo (uthathe nje izithombe), lesi silwane ngokusobala sinqume ukuthi umdlwenguli ohlukanisile wayengenamsebenzi. Noma obuthakathaka futhi uyagula. Ngakho-ke, waqala ukubamba kuye ama-penguin aphelelwa ngamandla. Lapho-ke abafileyo, ababengasakwazi ukuhamba ngomkhumbi. Waqala ukubangenisa ngqo egumbini, mhlawumbe ekholelwa ukuthi uPawulu ubondle ngaye. Indoda yepenguin yenqabile ukudla. Ngemuva kwalokho ingwe yadwengula enye yazo yaba yizicucu, ikhombisa ukuthi ingabhekana kanjani nazo.

Nansi indlela uGenady Shwarov akuchaza ngayo ukuzingela kwama-penguin: “Kwadingeka ukuba ngibone isidlo segazi esinengwe yolwandle sisuka ogwini emasontweni amabili kamuva, ngoJanuwari 1997, esiqhingini esifanayo saseNelson. Ngalo lolo suku, thina, kanye nama-ornithologists, imibhangqwana emibili eshadile - uMarco noPatricia Favero, noPipo no-Andrea Caso - saya kohlola amakoloni ama-cormorants anamehlo anombala oblue. Usuku lwagcina lufudumele kakhulu, luqhakazile futhi lunelanga. Sidlule endaweni enkulu, amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu ikolishi lezinhlwayi ezingama-Antarctic nama-penguins papua. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engamashumi amabili, amehlo ethu avula indawo enhle yasogwini, eyayifana namaconsi amabili amanzi afana namabhishi anamadwala eKara-Dag enamadwala akhuphuka emaphethelweni amanzi. Ukufana kuzobe kuphelele ukube bekungeyona eyeqhwa nama-icebergs akhumbuza ukuthi lokhu akuyona iCrimea nhlobo. Amakhulu ama-penguins ehlela echibini elincane emseleni ophakathi kwamadwala. Bonke banqobele indlela engamakhilomitha amabili ukusuka koloni kuya kuleli bhishi elihle. Kepha ngasizathu simbe izinyoni zazimi ogwini, zingadeli ukuziphonsa emanzini. Phezu kwegquma elibandayo kwehle intambo yama-penguin amaningi nangaphezulu. Kepha faka endaweni. Ngabe sengibona idrama idlala phambi kwamehlo ethu. Onqenqemeni lweqhwa, njengamarokhethi, amaphinifa aqala ukugxuma ephuma ngaphansi kwamanzi. Zindizele phezulu ngamamitha amabili, zashona phansi esiswini eqhweni futhi, ngokwethuka, zazama "ukuntanta" eqhweni eliqinile elineqhwa kude nolwandle. Futhi ukuqhubeka, cishe amamitha angamashumi amahlanu, ngentamo emincane eboshwe ngamadwala, ukuphindisela kwakuqhubeka. Ukushayeka ngamandla emanzini, kushaywe amagwebu agcwele igazi, izimpaphe zintanta yonke indawo - lena ingwe yolwandle iqede enye ipenguin. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ingwe yolwandle inecebo eliyinqayizivele lokudla izisulu zayo. Phambilini, ubheka isikhumba emzimbeni wepenguin, njengesitoko. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uphawu lubopha ngokuqinile inyamazane emihlathini enamandla futhi luwusongele ngenkani ebusweni bamanzi. Kwaphela ihora, kungathi ngipelepele, sabuka lo mbono omubi. Babaliwe ukuthi kudliwe abane kanye ne-penguin eyodwa ecijile. "

Ngokusho kososayensi, inani labantu izingwe zasolwandle olwandle oluseningizimu lubalelwa ezigidini ezingama-400. Kuze kube manje, lolu hlobo alufakwa engcupheni.
Ngo-2005 I-Australia ikhiphe uhlamvu lwemali olubonisa ingwe yolwandle enenani lobuso ledola eli-1 lase-Australia nesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-31.635 amagremu. 999 isiliva. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwemali kuboniswa isithombe seNdlovukazi i-England yase-Elizabeth II, ngemuva kohlamvu lwemali, maqondana nesizinda semephu ye-Antarctica nendawo enamanzi neqhwa, kuboniswa ingwe yolwandle enewundlu.

IHydrurga leptonyx ) - uhlobo lwezimpawu zamanzi zangempela ezihlala ezifundeni ezingaphansi kweLwandlekazi Oluseningizimu. Yathola igama layo libonga esikhunjeni esinezikhumba, futhi nangenxa yokuziphatha okuphambili kakhulu. Ingwe yolwandle idla kakhulu kuma-vertebrates anegazi elifudumele, kufaka phakathi ezinye izinkomba namaphinifa.

Ividiyo: Ulwandle Ingwe.

Uyazi ukuthi siyini lesi silo? Ungadukiswa ubuso bakhe obuhle obuhle. Ngaphansi kwesithombe esisikiwe cishe asikho ngenxa yokuquleka kwenhliziyo. Kepha okumele ukwenze ukukhetha kwemvelo ngokwemvelo.

Ngakho-ke, ofuna ukufunda kabanzi ngomdlwenguli wasolwandle futhi ongasabi igazi elincane, ake angilandele ngaphansi kwekati.

Kubukeka njengesidalwa esihle nesiphephile emvelweni. Huh?

Ake uzibone ngephinifa. Uhamba, uhamba nge-Antarctica, ubheka olwandle kuqala ngaphambi kokujula.

Chofoza 3000 px

Futhi kukhona ipuck enjalo kuye!

I-Clickable 2000 px

bese kubajaha okufishane.

Chofoza 3000 px

uzombamba ngamazinyo akhe ayishumi

Ichofozwa 1600 px

bese kuba ukugabha. futhi konke .. njengephephandaba lenkawu!

Ungacofa ku-1920 px

Uxolo penguin, kodwa okufanele ukwenze. Namuhla ungukudla nje futhi akadlulanga ukuhlolwa kokukhethwa kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke siyini lesi silo esidla inyama?

I-sea Leopard (isiLatini: Hydrurga leptonyx) - uhlobo lwezimpawu zamanzi ezihlala ezifundeni ezingaphansi kweLwandlekazi Oluseningizimu. Yathola igama layo libonga esikhunjeni esinezikhumba, futhi nangenxa yokuziphatha okuphambili kakhulu. Ingwe yolwandle idla kakhulu kuma-vertebrates anegazi elifudumele, kufaka phakathi amapenguin kanye nezimpawu ezincane zamanzi.
Ukubukeka

Ingwe yolwandle inomzimba olulwe kakhulu, okuyivumela ukuba ikhule ngesivinini esiphezulu emanzini. Ikhanda lakhe lithambile ngokungajwayelekile futhi libukeka njengelezinto ezihuquzelayo. Ama-lobes angaphambili ahlala phezulu kakhulu futhi ingwe yolwandle ihamba emanzini ngosizo lwemivimbo yabo eqinile yokuvumelanisa. Ingwe yabesilisa yasolwandle ifinyelela kubude obungamamitha amathathu, izinsikazi zikhulu ngobude obufika kumamitha angama-4. Isisindo sabesilisa cishe singama-270 kg, kuthi kwabesifazane sifinyelele kuma-400 kg. Umbala engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba ungwevu omnyama, futhi phansi umhlophe ngesiliva. Izindawo ezimpunga ziyabonakala ekhanda nasezinhlangothini.

Ingwe yolwandle iyindawo ehlala olwandle lwe-Antarctic futhi itholakala kuwo wonke umkhawulo weqhwa le-Antarctic. Ikakhulu, abantu abasha beza ogwini lweziqhingi eziphansi futhi batholakala kuwo unyaka wonke. Ngesinye isikhathi izilwane ezifudukayo noma ezidukayo zingena e-Australia, New Zealand naseTierra del Fuego.

Kanye nomkhomo obulala, ingwe yolwandle iyisidlamlilo esivelele esifundeni esiseningizimu ye-polar, ekwazi ukufinyelela isivinini esingafika ku-40 km / h futhi isigelezele ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-300. Ihlala izingela ama-crabeater seals, seals Weddell, seals eared and penguins. Izingwe eziningi zasolwandle zisebenza kakhulu ekuzingeleni kwe-seal kuzo zonke izimpilo zazo, yize ezinye zikhethekile ngopenguin. Izingwe zolwandle zihlasela inyamazane emanzini futhi zibulale lapho, noma kunjalo, uma izilwane zibalekela eqhweni, khona-ke izingwe zolwandle zingazilandela lapho. Izimpawu eziningi zamakhreyithi zinamabala emizimbeni yazo ngokuhlaselwa izingwe zasolwandle.

Ungacofa ku-1920 px

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ingwe yolwandle idla ngokulingana nezilwane ezincane, njenge-krill. Kodwa-ke, izinhlanzi zibamba iqhaza lesibili ekunakekelweni kwazo. Uhlunga ama-crustaceans amancane emanzini ngosizo lwamazinyo akhe wangemuva, akhumbuza ukwakheka kwamazinyo e-crabeater seal, kepha anzima kakhulu futhi akhethekile. Ngomgodi osezandleni, ingwe yolwandle ingakhipha amanzi emlonyeni, ngenkathi ihlunga i-krill. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukudla kwakhe kuqukethe ama-45% we-krill, ama-35% wezimpawu zamanzi, ama-10% ama-penguin kanye ne-10% yezinye izilwane (izinhlanzi, ama-cephalopods).

Izingwe zasolwandle zihlala zodwa. Bancane kuphela abantu ngezinye izikhathi abahlangana ngamaqembu amancane. Phakathi kukaNovemba noFebhuwari, izingwe zasolwandle zishada phakathi emanzini. Ngaphandle kwalesi sikhathi, abesilisa nabesifazane empeleni abanabo oxhumana nabo. Phakathi kukaSepthemba noJanuwari, kuzalwa iwundlu elilodwa eqhweni futhi kuphekelwa ubisi lukamama amasonto amane. Eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine, izingwe zasolwandle zithola ukuthomba, futhi isilinganiso sempilo yazo ephakathi kweminyaka engama-26.

Iyachofoza

Ingwe yolwandle - Ungomunye wabamele abakhulu bomndeni wezimpawu zamanzi, ngosayizi nesisindo sesibili kuphela kwabesilisa besembozo sendlovu eseningizimu. Igama laso lesayensi lingahunyushwa lisuselwa esiGrekini nakwisiLatini ngokuthi "ukuntywila", noma "ukushwabana okuncane, ukusebenza emanzini." Ngasikhathi sinye, "ithoyidi" liyisidlamlilo sangempela se-Antarctic. Ungukuphela komuntu omele izinyoni zaseningizimu ye-polar, ingxenye enkulu yazo ehlala nezilwane ezinkulu ezinegazi elifudumele - amapengu, ama-flying waterfowl ngisho nabafowethu abasebenza ngophawu. Isithombe esihle sesilwane esisebenza kanzima, esiphefumulelwe igama lesiLatini lalesi silwane, sisuka lapho sihlangana naye ngokushesha nje lapho uhlangana naye tête-à-tête bese ubheka ngamehlo engathandeki yombulali. Kuzo ngokoqobo ushaya umphefumulo obandayo obandayo namandla anqumayo.

Nakhu ukuthi uGenady Shwarov ukuchaza kanjani ukuzingela kwepenguin: “Kwadingeka ngibone isidlo segazi esinengwe yolwandle sisuka ogwini cishe emasontweni amabili kamuva, ngoJanuwari 1997, esiqhingini esifanayo saseNelson. Ngalo lolo suku, thina, kanye nama-ornithologists, imibhangqwana emibili eshadile - uMarco noPatricia Favero, noPipo no-Andrea Caso - saya kohlola amakoloni ama-cormorants anamehlo anombala oblue. Usuku lwagcina lufudumele kakhulu, luqhakazile futhi lunelanga. Sadlula ikolishi elikhulu lama-penguin ama-Antarctic kanye nama-penguin ama-papua, amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engamashumi amabili, amehlo ethu avula indawo enhle yasogwini, eyayifana namaconsi amabili amanzi afana namabhishi anamadwala eKara-Dag enamadwala akhuphuka emaphethelweni amanzi. Ukufana kuzobe kuphelele ukube bekungeyona eyeqhwa nama-icebergs akhumbuza ukuthi lokhu akuyona iCrimea nhlobo. Amakhulu ama-penguins ehlela echibini elincane emseleni ophakathi kwamadwala. Bonke banqobele indlela engamakhilomitha amabili ukusuka koloni kuya kuleli bhishi elihle. Kepha ngasizathu simbe izinyoni zazimi ogwini, zingadeli ukuziphonsa emanzini. Phezu kwegquma elibandayo kwehle intambo yama-penguin amaningi nangaphezulu. Kepha faka endaweni.

Ngabe sengibona idrama idlala phambi kwamehlo ethu. Onqenqemeni lweqhwa, njengamarokhethi, amaphinifa aqala ukugxuma ephuma ngaphansi kwamanzi. Zindizela phezulu zaze zaba ngamamitha amabili, zigibeleke ngesisu iqhwa, futhi ngokwesaba zazama "ukuntanta" eqhweni eliqinile leqhwa kude nolwandle. Futhi ukuqhubeka, cishe amamitha angamashumi amahlanu, ngentamo emincane eboshwe ngamadwala, ukuphindisela kwakuqhubeka. Ukushwibeka ngamandla emanzini, kushaywe amagwebu agcwele igazi, izimpaphe zintanta yonke indawo - lena ingwe yolwandle iqede enye ipenguin. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ingwe yolwandle inecebo eliyinqayizivele lokudla izisulu zayo. Phambilini, ubheka isikhumba emzimbeni wepenguin, njengesitoko. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uphawu lubopha ngokuqinile inyamazane emihlathini enamandla futhi luwusongele ngenkani ebusweni bamanzi.

Kwaphela ihora, kungathi ngipelepele, sabuka lo mbono omubi. Babala ukuthi kudliwe abane kanye ne-penguin eyodwa eshwabeneyo. »

Ngale ndlela, i-Australia yaze yakhipha nohlamvu lwemali olubonisa ingwe yolwandle enenani lobuso beDola lase-Australia nesisindo esili-31.635 g. 999 isiliva. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwemali kuboniswa isithombe seNdlovukazi i-England yase-Elizabeth II, ngemuva kohlamvu lwemali, maqondana nesizinda semephu ye-Antarctica nendawo enamanzi neqhwa, kuboniswa ingwe yolwandle enewundlu.

Kakhulu, zikabani lezi zithombe ezithokozisayo? Futhi nansi isithombe seqhawe.

Umthwebuli zithombe uPaul Nicklen wehlela ngaphansi kwamanzi ukuthatha enye yezilwane ezidla ubhedu e-Antarctic, ingwe yolwandle. UPaul wayethukile - ingwe isebenzisa ama-vertebrates anegazi elifudumele (amapenguin, uphawu) futhi iwadabula kalula izicucu - kepha uchwepheshe wayo wawunqoba. Kwakuwumuntu omkhulu kakhulu. Le ntokazi yasondela kumthwebuli wezithombe, yavula umlomo wayo yabamba isandla sayo nekhamera emihlathini. Ngemuva kwesikhashana wavuma wahamba ngomkhumbi.

Wabe esemlethela ipenguin ephilayo, emkhulula phambi kukaPaul. Wabe esebamba enye futhi waphinda wamnika. Njengoba umthwebuli zithombe engaphendulanga ngandlela thile (wavele wathatha izithombe), lesi silwane ngokusobala sanquma ukuthi umhlaseli ovela kwesinye isitayela akanamsebenzi. Noma obuthakathaka futhi uyagula. Ngakho-ke, waqala ukubamba kuye ama-penguin aqeda amandla. Lapho-ke abafileyo, ababengasakwazi ukuhamba ngomkhumbi. Waqala ukubangenisa ngqo egumbini, mhlawumbe ekholelwa ukuthi uPawulu ubondle ngaye. Indoda yepenguin yenqabile ukudla. Ngemuva kwalokho ingwe yadwengula enye yazo yaba yizicucu, ikhombisa ukuthi ingabhekana kanjani nazo.

Engxoxweni, uPaul uyavuma ukuthi wayesenezinyembezi ngaleso sikhathi. Kepha akukho angakwenza, njengoba umthetho wenqabela ukuhlangana nezilwane ze-Antarctic. Ungabuka kuphela. Umphumela uyizithombe ezihlukile ze-National Geographic.

Le yindlela yena uqobo akhuluma ngayo ..

Ngemuva kwesivalo se-crabeater kanye ne-Weddell seal, ingwe yolwandle iyisibonakaliso esivame kakhulu se-Antarctic. Ngokusho kososayensi, inani labantu baso olwandle oluseningizimu lubalelwa ezigidini ezingama-400. Kuze kube manje, lolu hlobo alufakwa engcupheni

Chofoza 3000 px

Iyachofoza

Futhi ungavumeli ubuso bakhe obuhle abukhohlise

Yethule njengepenguin. Uyahamba, uhamba e-Antarctica, uqala abheke olwandle ngaphambi kokujula.

. futhi kukhona ipuck enjalo kuye!

bese kubajaha okufishane.

ambambe ngamazinyo akhe ayishumi

bese - - rrraz! . Futhi yilokho kuphela.

Namuhla, ipenguin imane nje ingukudla futhi ayidlulanga ukuhlolwa kokukhethwa kwemvelo.

Ingwe yolwandle itholakala ngokuzungeza u-Antarctic ice. Abantu abasha beza ogwini lweziqhingi eziphansi futhi batholakala kuzo unyaka wonke. Ngezikhathi ezithile izilwane ezifudukayo noma ezidukayo ziya e-Australia, New Zealand naseTierra del Fuego.
Kanye nomkhomo obulala, ingwe yolwandle iyisidlamlilo esivelele esifundeni esiseningizimu ye-polar, ekwazi ukufinyelela isivinini esingafika ku-40 km / h futhi isigelezele ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-300. Ihlala izingela ama-crabeater seals, seals Weddell, seals eared and penguins. Izingwe eziningi zasolwandle zisebenza kakhulu ekuzingeleni kwe-seal kuzo zonke izimpilo zazo, yize ezinye zikhethekile ngopenguin. Izingwe zolwandle zihlasela inyamazane emanzini futhi zibulale lapho, noma kunjalo, uma izilwane zibalekela eqhweni, khona-ke izingwe zolwandle zingazilandela lapho. Izimpawu eziningi zamakhreyithi zinamabala emizimbeni yazo ngokuhlaselwa izingwe zasolwandle.
Izingwe zasolwandle zihlala zodwa. Bancane kuphela abantu ngezinye izikhathi abahlangana ngamaqembu amancane. Phakathi kukaNovemba noFebhuwari, izingwe zasolwandle zishada phakathi emanzini. Ngaphandle kwalesi sikhathi, abesilisa nabesifazane empeleni abanabo oxhumana nabo. Phakathi kukaSepthemba noJanuwari, kuzalwa iwundlu elilodwa eqhweni futhi kuphekelwa ubisi lukamama amasonto amane. Eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine, izingwe zasolwandle zithola ukuthomba, futhi isilinganiso sempilo yazo ephakathi kweminyaka engama-26.

Kwesinye isikhathi izingwe zolwandle zihlasela abantu. NgoJulayi 22, 2003, usosayensi waseBrithani uKirsty Brown waba yisisulu sokuhlaselwa okunje ngesikhathi kwehla emanzini. Imizuzu eyisithupha, ingwe yolwandle yabamba amazinyo ayo ekujuleni kwama-70 m, yaze yabola. Lokhu kuze kube manje ukuphela kokufa komuntu okuhambisana nezingwe zasolwandle, yize kuyaziwa ngokuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe esikhathini esedlule.
Abesabi ukuhlasela izikebhe noma ukuphuma emanzini ukuze babambe umlenze womuntu. Izinhloso zokuhlaselwa okunjalo ikakhulukazi bekuyizisebenzi zeziteshi zokucwaninga.
Isizathu salokhu ngamacebo avamile wezingwe zasolwandle, ehlasela izilwane ezitholakala emaphethelweni eqhwa ephuma emanzini. Ngasikhathi sinye, akulula ukuthi ingwe yolwandle ibone noma ihlukanise ukuthi ngubani inyamazane yayo emanzini.
Ngokungafani nezibonelo zokuziphatha okunolaka kwezingwe zasolwandle, umthwebuli wezithombe waseCanada owaziwayo kanye nomwina wemiklomelo eminingana uPaul Nicklen, othathe izithombe zabo zokukhwela amapenguins, bathi bangakwazi ukuthola ukuxhumana ngokuthula. Umthwebuli zithombe uPaul Nicklen wehle ngaphansi kwamanzi ukuthatha enye yezilwane ezidla ubhedu e-Antarctica. UPaul wayethukile - ingwe isebenzisa ama-vertebrates anegazi elifudumele (amathanga, izimbotshana zamatshe) futhi iwadabula kalula izicucu - kepha uchwepheshe wayo wawunqoba. Kwakuwumuntu omkhulu kakhulu. Le ntokazi yasondela kumthwebuli wezithombe, yavula umlomo wayo yabamba isandla sayo nekhamera emihlathini. Ngemuva kwesikhashana wavuma wahamba ngomkhumbi. Wabe esemlethela ipenguin ephilayo, emkhulula phambi kukaPaul. Wabe esebamba enye futhi waphinda wamnika. Njengoba umthwebuli zithombe engaphendulanga ngandlela thile (wavele wathatha izithombe), lesi silwane ngokusobala sanquma ukuthi umhlaseli ovela kwesinye isitayela akanamsebenzi. Noma obuthakathaka futhi uyagula. Ngakho-ke, waqala ukubamba kuye ama-penguin aqeda amandla. Lapho-ke abafileyo, ababengasakwazi ukuhamba ngomkhumbi. Waqala ukubangenisa ngqo egumbini, mhlawumbe ekholelwa ukuthi uPawulu ubondle ngaye. Indoda yepenguin yenqabile ukudla. Ngemuva kwalokho ingwe yadwengula enye yazo yaba yizicucu, ikhombisa ukuthi ingabhekana kanjani nazo.

Nansi indlela uGenady Shwarov akuchaza ngayo ukuzingela kwama-penguin: “Kwadingeka ukuba ngibone isidlo segazi esinengwe yolwandle sisuka ogwini emasontweni amabili kamuva, ngoJanuwari 1997, esiqhingini esifanayo saseNelson. Ngalo lolo suku, thina, kanye nama-ornithologists, imibhangqwana emibili eshadile - uMarco noPatricia Favero, noPipo no-Andrea Caso - saya kohlola amakoloni ama-cormorants anamehlo anombala oblue. Usuku lwagcina lufudumele kakhulu, luqhakazile futhi lunelanga. Sadlula ikolishi elikhulu lama-penguin ama-Antarctic kanye nama-penguin ama-papua, amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engamashumi amabili, amehlo ethu avula indawo enhle yasogwini, eyayifana namaconsi amabili amanzi afana namabhishi anamadwala eKara-Dag enamadwala akhuphuka emaphethelweni amanzi. Ukufana kuzobe kuphelele ukube bekungeyona eyeqhwa nama-icebergs akhumbuza ukuthi lokhu akuyona iCrimea nhlobo. Amakhulu ama-penguins ehlela echibini elincane emseleni ophakathi kwamadwala. Bonke banqobele indlela engamakhilomitha amabili ukusuka koloni kuya kuleli bhishi elihle. Kepha ngasizathu simbe izinyoni zazimi ogwini, zingadeli ukuziphonsa emanzini. Phezu kwegquma elibandayo kwehle intambo yama-penguin amaningi nangaphezulu. Kepha faka endaweni. Ngabe sengibona idrama idlala phambi kwamehlo ethu. Onqenqemeni lweqhwa, njengamarokhethi, amaphinifa aqala ukugxuma ephuma ngaphansi kwamanzi. Zindizele phezulu ngamamitha amabili, zashona phansi esiswini eqhweni futhi, ngokwethuka, zazama "ukuntanta" eqhweni eliqinile elineqhwa kude nolwandle. Futhi ukuqhubeka, cishe amamitha angamashumi amahlanu, ngentamo emincane eboshwe ngamadwala, ukuphindisela kwakuqhubeka. Ukushwibeka ngamandla emanzini, kushaywe amagwebu agcwele igazi, izimpaphe zintanta yonke indawo - lena ingwe yolwandle iqede enye ipenguin. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ingwe yolwandle inecebo eliyinqayizivele lokudla izisulu zayo. Phambilini, ubheka isikhumba emzimbeni wepenguin, njengesitoko. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uphawu lubopha ngokuqinile inyamazane emihlathini enamandla futhi luwusongele ngenkani ebusweni bamanzi. Kwaphela ihora, kungathi ngipelepele, sabuka lo mbono omubi. Babaliwe ukuthi kudliwe abane kanye ne-penguin eyodwa ecijile. "

Kucashunwe eLwandle Leopard

Ngemuva kokuzwa igama elithi "ingwe", zama ukukhohlwa ngekati elikhulu elinolaka elinesikhumba esinebala. Cabanga nje ngomunye umhlaseli owesabekayo - esinye sezakhamuzi zasolwandle ezinamandla futhi eziyingozi e-Antarctica. Kuyiqiniso, akabukeki njengamagama akhe aqhamuka emndenini wekati, kodwa-ke, ukushiwo ngaye kuphela okwenza ukuthi izisebenzi zeziteshi zokucwaninga zibheke ngovalo. Hlangana nengwe yasolwandle (lat. IHydrurga leptonyx ).

Lokhu kungummeleli womndeni we-seal wangempela, ohlala ezifundeni ezingaphansi kweLwandlekazi Oluseningizimu. Wathola leli gama ngenxa yesikhumba sakhe esinebala nokuthambekela kokudla: udla izingwe zasolwandle ngamapenguins kanye nezimpawu zamanzi, ezilindele emaphethelweni e-ice.

Ubude bomzimba wengwe yolwandle besilisa bungamamitha amathathu futhi bunesisindo esingama-300 kg. Abesifazane bayimitha eyodwa ubude no-100 kg ubunzima. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngesisindo esinjalo, lesi sidlo senyama cishe asinawo amanoni acashile. Ngokuphambene nalokho, umzimba wakhe muhle kakhulu futhi uhlelekile, okumvumela ukuthi akhule ngesivinini samanzi afinyelela ku-40 km / h. Amaphiko angaphambili aphezulu nawo ayamsiza kulokhu, ngosizo lapho uphawu lubeka imivimbo ebukhali yokuvumelanisa.

Isidumbu esiphezulu sengwe yolwandle ngimpunga emnyama enamabala ampunga ekhanda nasezinhlangothini. Isisu simhlophe-ngesiliva. Ikhanda lithambile kusukela ezinhlangothini, okwenza umhlaseli abukeke njengesilwane esibuhlungu. Ukwakheka kwamazinyo akhe kufana namazinyo, yize engahambisani kahle nokukhipha i-krill.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi cishe i-45% yokudla kwengwe yolwandle i-krill ngqo, kuyilapho izindikimba namaphephethi ku-35% no-10% ngokulandelana. I-10% esele izinhlanzi kanye nama-cephalopods, adla ngawo lowo odla ezinye kuphela ngaphandle kokudla okuyinhloko. Izingwe ezihlekisayo, zasolwandle nazo zinemikhuba yazo yokunambitha. Ngakho-ke, ezinye zazo zithanda izimpawu, kanti ezinye azikwazi ukuhlala ngqo ngaphandle kwamaphinifa.

Babamba inyamazane yabo emanzini, yize kwesinye isikhathi bangahlasela emhlabeni. Lezi zidlova zinesici esijabulisayo: zidla noma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo esivela emaphethelweni amanzi. Kungakho abantu kwesinye isikhathi behlupheka ngokuhlaselwa kwabo.

Kuliqiniso, linye kuphela icala lokufa elaziwa namhlanje - Umcwaningi waseBrithani oneminyaka engama-28 ubudala waba yisisulu sengwe, lapho lesi silwane sidonswa sajula ngemitha engama-70 futhi sabanjwa lapho yaze yaqhuma into embi. Kungakho lapho kufika izingwe zasolwandle, kunconywa bonke abahlukanisi be-scuba ukukhuphukela phezulu.

Kepha umthwebuli wezithombe waseCanada, uPaul Nicklen, uthi lezi zilwane azinangozi ngokuphelele. Kunoma ikuphi, ngenkathi esebenza e-Antarctic, wabona izidalwa ezinokuthula impela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaso sonke isikhathi babezama ukumondla, bemlethela noma isidumbu sepenguin noma ucezu lwophawu. Mhlawumbe, ukubonakala komthwebuli wezithombe kwabenza badabukela - phela, yini engabamba isidalwa esibuthakathaka futhi esihamba kancane njengomuntu?

Izingwe zolwandle zihlala zodwa, ngabantu abancane kuphela abangajoyina amaqembu. Ukuhlangana kwenzeka ngoNovemba-uFebhuwari, futhi izingane zizalwa ngoSepthemba-Disemba. Imvamisa, ngokuqondile eqhweni, insikazi izala kuphela iwundlu elilodwa, eliyondla ngobisi isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga.