Umelusi waseJalimane ubelokhu esebenzisana nabantu kusukela esikhathini sokuzalwa. Namuhla kungenye yezinhlobo zezinja ezidumile kakhulu nezaziwayo emhlabeni.
Imininingwane emfushane
- Igama Lokuzala: Umelusi waseJalimane
- Izwe Lomsuka: EJalimane
- Isikhathi sokuzala: ukuphela kwekhulu le-19
- Isisindo: owesilisa 30 30 kg, insikazi 2232 kg
- Ukuphakama (ukuphakama kubuna): abesilisa 60-65 cm, insikazi 55-60 cm
- Iskhathi sempilo: U-10-13 ubudala
Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu
- Abelusi baseJalimane kungaba yizinja zenkonzo ezenza imisebenzi yezokuphepha noma yokusesha, noma abangane bemindeni.
- Izilwane ezifuywayo ezethembekile nezikhonondayo ngokungathandabuzi ziyaliqaphela igunya lomnikazi.
- Abelusi baseJalimane baphakathi kwezinhlobo ezintathu ezinobuhlakani kakhulu bezinja (kanye namakholomu emngceleni kanye nopholi).
- Badinga umphakathi wesintu nomsebenzi womzimba.
- Hambisana kahle nezingane zabo bonke ubudala.
- Ukwazi ukuhlala hhayi kuphela endlini, kepha futhi nezindiza.
- Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuphila kukamalusi waseGerman yiminyaka engu-9 kuya ku-13, ngemuva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa yokuqapha isimo sezempilo siyadingeka.
Umelusi waseJalimane - okujwayelekile phezulu kwezilinganiso zezilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu, ezinikele kakhulu, eziqeqeshiwe kakhulu. “Ubuso” obuhle balezi zinja buvame ukuvela ezindabeni, emaphephandabeni, nasezihlokweni zezihloko zemidlalo yethelevishini ehlukahlukene. Kepha ukubizelwa okuyinhloko kwamaJalimane kuhlala kungasilo msebenzi wokulingisa, kepha ukuvikela ukuhleleka. Basebenza emaphoyiseni, emngceleni nasezinhlanganweni zamasiko, basiza ekwenziweni kwemisebenzi yokusesha nokutakula. Futhi ekhaya, abamele lolu hlobo lokuvikela bavikela ukuthula nempahla yabanikazi, banikeze abanini babo imizwa eminingi emihle.
Umelusi waseJalimane uzalela umlando
Ukulandela umlando wezinye izinhlobo (ngokwesibonelo, iDoberman ne-Airedale, "ezelwe" kusukela ngekhulu le-19, noma i-Old English Bulldog eyalwiswa ngo-1970), kwanele ukuphethukela kumadokhumenti asemthethweni nama-akhawunti wokuzibonela. Nabelusi baseJalimane, isimo sihluke ngokuphelele. Ngokusho kwabaphenyi, ukuqala kochungechunge lwamadlozi abo aseduze kufanele kufunwe ekujuleni kwamakhulu eminyaka.
Okutholwe ngemivubukulo kukhombisa ukuthi ngisho kwinkulungwane yesine BC, izilwane zazihlala endaweni yeCzech Republic yanamuhla, iPoland neJalimane, umthambo wayo onezici eziningi ezifana nezinja zokwalusa. Leyo kwakuyimiphumela yokuvela kwabantu basendle abakhethe impilo eduze kwezindawo zezizwe zasendulo futhi bathembela kubantu. Kucatshangwa ukuthi ngisho nangaleso sikhathi kwenziwa ukhetho lwakudala, lapho kukhethwe khona imidlwane emikhulu futhi ilalela kakhulu.
Impisi encane eseyikhona manje yaseNdiya yayiqhubeka isuka kude nezihlobo "ezikhululekile" futhi kancane kancane yaphenduka izinja ezibizwa nge-Bronze Age. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izidingo zabantu zishintshile. Akubona abalimi kuphela, kepha nabelusi babenamathele endaweni ethile. Ngakho-ke, iziphuphutheki ezinezinyawo ezine zinemisebenzi emisha. ENkathini Ephakathi kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kwakushiswa izidumbu ezinamandla. Leli gama lesiJalimane lihunyushwa ngokuthi "unogada wegceke", kepha izinja azenzanga nje ukuvikela izakhiwo.
Izinkomo ezifuywayo zazidinga ukuvikelwa okuthembekile kwabazingeli abanonya nokuzingela okuhle kwabanye abantu. Ngokunikwa impahla ekhulayo yezinkomo nemihlambi, kwakungelula ukubhekana nomsebenzi onjalo ngosizo lwabelusi. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho izinja zasegcekeni zathola usizo. Kuyiqiniso, akubona bonke ababewufanele lowo msebenzi, kodwa kuphela ababenamandla futhi beqinile kakhulu. Baqala ukukhethwa futhi baqeqeshwa ngendlela ekhethekile. Futhi konke okukhethekile kubalulekile, ngoba vele ngekhulu lesi-7, ngokwemithetho yesizwe sasendulo samaJalimane ama-Alemans, isijeziso esinamandla silindele ukubulawa kwenja yomalusi.
Kuyiqiniso, izilwane zasekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi, futhi nangemva kwesikhathi esedlule, zazibukeka zincane njengabameli banamuhla bezala. Okubaluleke kakhulu izinja okuthiwa zabizwa ngabokuqala bakwaJalimane ZaseMelika bezingabhekwa njengokwakheka kwekhanda nomsila, kepha ubuhlakani obuhambisanayo, ubukhulu obukhulu kanye "nokubonakaliswa kwengqondo". Iqiniso ngukuthi indlela yokuphila yabelusi ibeka eceleni isikhathi eside, ngesikhathi sokudla amadlelo izilwane empeleni zazithintana kuphela nomuntu “wazo” futhi kwakungamelwe nje zithobele ngokuphelele, kodwa futhi zibe ngabangane abahle naye.
Ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili, isimo sase sishintshe ngandlela thile. Izinhlobo ezimbili zezifunda zezinja zaseJalimane zokwalusa zathatha ukwakheka ngasikhathi sinye: umbala wezinwele ezinde onombala omfishane waseTiningian onomphunga omfishane kanye noWürttemberg omnyama noma obomvu ngombala omnyama noma obomvu onamadlebe angenantambo. Bebehluke ngesimilo: eyokuqala yayibizwa ngezilwane ezisebenzayo, ezazithambekele ekukhonkolweni kakhulu nangokuvama, futhi eyokugcina yayingaziqhayisa ngokuzola nokukhuthazela. Ngegama lembangela ejwayelekile, Abafuyi abavela emazweni asenkabeni naseningizimu-ntshonalanga banquma ukujoyina amabutho.
Umphumela wokusebenza kanzima kwabathakazelayo kuvezwe emphakathini jikelele kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX. U-Baron von Knigge waletha ezimbili zezilwane zakhe ezifuywayo eHanover Dog Show ngo-1882, izinja uGreif noCuirass, kamuva abanikazi beGannau kennel bawufudumeza lo mbukiso bakhombisa umphakathi umbhangqwana wePollux enkulu neyakhelwe kahle iPrimluge. Kwaba kuhle kubona ukuthi cishe baba ngababili futhi abaphumelele kule mibukiso yamashumi eminyaka alandelayo.
Ngo-1891, kwamenyezelwa ukusungulwa kwenhlangano yokuqala yabelusi bezinja yaseJalimane. Inhlangano yePhilax ayizange ihlale isikhathi eside, kepha yakwazi ukuvuma izinga lokuzalela. Umcimbi olandelayo obalulekile kufanele ubhekwe njengombukiso edolobheni elincane laseKarlsruhe elisemngceleni waseJalimane neFrance. Umcimbi ubungeke ubonwe yinoma ngubani ukube bekungenzekanga ukubona omelekayo wohlobo lwefomethi yakudala kuwo. Futhi hhayi phakathi kwababambe iqhaza!
UHector von Lirkenhain usanda kujabulisa izivakashi ngombukiso wamakhono wokwalusa. Ngokuzenzekela okujabulisayo, isosha elathatha umhlalaphansi uMax von Stefanitz nomngane wakhe u-Arthur Meyer badlula, abanikela ngesikhathi sabo samahhala ukuzalusa abelusi baseJalimane futhi ngokushesha babona imininingwane ephelele yangaphandle yenja, hhayi engaphansi kwezimpawu zayo zokusebenza. Umnikazi, nokho, akafuni ukuvele ahlukane nesilwane sakhe esinjalo, kwathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuxoxisana.
Ngemuva kokuthola "umGerman" omuhle kakhulu, u-von Stefanitz wethule inombolo yakhe yokuqala encwadini yokuzalanisa ngaphansi kwegama elisha - Horand von Grafrath. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukusesha okuningana kwezihlobo ngohlobo lwama-bitches kuyaqala. Imizamo yavuzwa, kulawa atholakala eKhorand, inani elanele labazophumelela ukuzalelwa kwalolu hlobo bazalwa. Imigqa eminingi yesimanje ehlanzekile exhumene nendodana yakhe uHector von Schwaben, abazukulu uPilot, uBeowulf, uHeinz von Starkenburg. Ukukhiqizwa kwezinja ezinsundu nezimnyama namuhla ezibonakalayo kuqale ngoHettel von Uckermark, indodana kaRoland von Starkenburg. Omunye ummeleli ovelele wale nhlobo ubizwa ngokuthi nguClaude von Boxberg, owaba ngumnqobi embukisweni wamanye amazwe wango-1925 futhi wabeka isisekelo semizila emisha yokuzalanisa.
UMax von Stefanitz washona ngo-1936. Kunombono wokuthi ngokungaqondile lokhu kwenziwe lula ngokuhlaselwa ngamalungu e-National Socialist Party, angafuni ukuthandwa ngabelusi baseJalimane ngaphandle kwaseJalimane aze asabisa nalowo othanda ukuboshwa ekamu lokuhlushwa. Ngesikhathi seMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, imithombo eminingi yasekhaya yacekelwa phansi, kwafa izilwane eziningi, futhi akekho owayenendaba nokumsulwa kwegazi lalaba abasele. Kepha abameli abaningana abazalisayo bobuhlobo basindisiwe, futhi ngesikhathi sokuthula, abalandeli baka-von Stefanitz baqhubeka nokusebenza ekuthuthukiseni ukuzalanisa.Imibukiso yaqala futhi ngo-1946, kwathi emuva kweminyaka emihlanu kwavela iqhawe elisha komunye wabo - iqhawe uRolf von Osnabrucker, umsunguli wemigqa yesimanje “yokuzalaniswa okuphezulu”.
Emuva ngo-Ephreli 1899, kwasungulwa iNhlangano Yezinja Yabelusi BaseJalimane. Imisebenzi ka-von Stefanitz, Meyer kanye nabanye abaholi behloselwe kakhulu ukugcina umsulwa wegazi, obekuzoqinisekiswa yimibhalo efanelekile, ukhuthaze abalimi abasaqhamile futhi bathuthukise izimfanelo zomsebenzi wohlobo lokuzala. Le nhlangano isekhona, futhi ngoMeyi 1968 kwasungulwa inhlangano yamazwe omhlaba, manje eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-World Union of Germany Shepherd Associates futhi ihlanganisa izinyunyana ezingama-89 zikazwelonke ezivela emazweni angama-82.
Incazelo nezici zikaMelusi waseJalimane
Enye yezinhlobo zezinja ezithandwayo zoza "umalusi waseJalimane". Izinga lalokhu kuzalaniswa lakhiwa ososayensi ababili baseJalimane, uStefanitz noMayer, ngonyaka we-1899.
Ngaphandle, ziyizinja ezinkulu ezinenwele ezikhulu. Ukukhula kowesilisa osekhulile kufinyelela kuma-68 cm, nabesifazane - cishe ama-55-60 cm. Inja yalokhu kuzalaniswa inesisindo esingama-30- kilogram.
Kepha ngaphansi kwesendlalelo semisipha eqinile, ngemuva komhlathi omkhulu namazinyo abukhali, inhliziyo yenja ethembekile nethembekile iyacasha. Umelusi waseJalimane Yayihlalwa kuqala ukuze ihambisane nomalusi lapho umhlambi uhamba.
Kepha manje ukubaluleka komnotho kwalokhu kuzalanisa kusetshenziswa kabanzi. Inja izinhlobo umalusi waseJalimane otholakala emasikweni nasemaphoyiseni, lapho “esebenza” njengomphenyi noma unogada.
Amaphoyisa asebenzisa izinja zalokhu kuzalanisa lapho efuna izidakamizwa noma ukuthutha. Izindaba zivame ukukhombisa ividiyo nabelusi baseJalimaneukuthola kalula abantu abaphula umthetho.
Ukuqeqeshwa Kwelungu LaseJalimane kungenzeka futhi kunconywe. Izilwane zizolile ngokuqeqeshwa: Abelusi baseJalimane banokuzola nokuthula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inja enjalo iyakwazi ukuguqula abanikazi futhi ijwayele kalula okusha. Ekuqaleni, isilwane singabakholelwa abantu abangabazi ekuqaleni, kepha abanikazi abaningi bakhala ngokuthi inja yabo kalula "yenza abantu abajwayele" futhi iyakwazi ukulandela umuntu omphose ku-wand.
Ngokumangazayo, inja enkulu kangaka futhi ekuboneni kwayo okokuqala, njengomalusi waseJalimane, ihlangana kalula nezingane, zivikeleke kakhulu. Lezi zinja zenzelwe imidlalo, ngakho-ke izingane ngeke zikhungatheke ngazo. Isithombe somalusi waseJalimane ingatholakala kwi izinkundla abathandi Izinja zomelusi zaseJalimane.
- Inhloko yomelusi kufanele ibe nesakhiwo semishayo enezindawo ezifanayo zogebhezi nangaphambili. Imihlathi yenja inamandla ngamazinyo aqinile futhi ukuluma okulungile, ukulunywa kokulunywa kuzoba yisici. Ekhaleni linobumba obudala kanye nombala omnyama.
- Amehlo wombala omnyama ngokubukeka "okuhle". Umbala okhanyayo wamehlo omalusi uyidonsa. Izindlebe zenja zingunxantathu ngesimo, cishe ubukhulu bukhulu kakhulu ngenqwelomoya yendlebe.
- Abelusi baseJalimane banesifuba esikhulu. Ububanzi obuqinile emuva ngaphandle kokujikisa buguqukela ku-croup. Umsila wehliswa kancanyana futhi unegobo olubushelelezi.
-Amaphayi aqine futhi anezigaqa eziqinile ezigogekile, izilenge ezingemuva ezinde kunangaphambili
- Ijazi lomelusi lingubumba obumbili, olungqini futhi olucwebezelayo luqinile emzimbeni kanye nengubo yangaphansi emfushane.
- Ijazi eliminyene eligobekile lobukhulu obuphakathi, indwangu eduze komzimba.
- Ijazi elinezinwele ezinde likhulu ngokubabazekayo, kepha alimi limi, ubude bejazi lide izikhathi ezingama-2-4 kunelomalusi onezinwele ezibushelelezi.
- Umbala omuhle kakhulu uMelusi waseJalimane, lo yi-cheprak. Ufaniswa nehembe elimnyama ngemuva ngemuva koboya obomvu obomvu kanye nesifihlwa ebusweni bakhe.
- Umbala onsundu omnyama noma omnyama unombala omnyama ocebile, futhi unehembe kanye nomaskandi.
- Umbala omhlophe awujwayelekile kakhulu, imvamisa ngesimo samabala, kepha umbala onjalo uwumshado wohlobo.
Imidlwane yabelusi baseJalimane futhi zabo isithombe ngaso sonke isikhathi kumasayithi okubeletha. Uma udinga ukuthola inja emsulwa, kusho ukuthi thenga umelusi waseJalimanekuzofanela usebenzise imali. Intengo izinhlobo zezinja "Umelusi waseJalimane » isukela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10 kuye kwangama-30.
Umelusi omnyama waseJalimane kubiza cishe okufanayo, kepha lolu hlobo lokuzalela aluvamile. Namuhla eRussia kukhona iqembu elilodwa labelusi abangamaJalimane.
Imidlwane yabelusi baseJalimane
Umelusi waseJalimane wokwalusa - Leli yithuba lokuthola inja engenacala. Abantu abaqeqeshiwe ngokukhethekile basebenza lapho abazosiza ekukhetheni inja, ukuqeqeshwa kwayo nemfundo. Izisebenzi zaseKennel ziqapha impilo kanye nesimo sezinja.
Ukuthengiswa kwabelusi baseJalimane kwenziwa hhayi kuphela ezinkulisa. Ngokuya ngezikhangiso noma ngomlamuli, ungakwenza buy a puppy of umelusi waseJalimane inani okuxoxwe ngalo.
Ukunakekelwa Kwelungu LaseJalimane
Umdlwane ongumelusi waseJalimane udinga ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa njalo. Kuhle ukufunda ukuthi ungayibamba kanjani imbuzane futhi uyibeka phansi. Akuthandi ukuba wedwa, ngakho-ke uma awunaso isikhathi sokudlala naye, hlala eduze kwakhe. Kepha akunakuphikwa ukuthi kukhiyiwe egumbini elihlukile! Ngaphezu kwalokho, impumulo enelukuluku lengane futhi incane, kepha amazinyo aqinile vele ayakwazi ukudala inkinga ngaphandle kokugadwa.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umdlwane ongumelusi waseJalimane uyinja yokusebenza, ngakho-ke akufanele umyise embhedeni wakho. Izinja ezinjalo zidinga umbhoxo omncane, lokhu kuzoba insimu yomuntu siqu yesilwane.
Zombili imidlwane nezilwane ezindala zidinga amavithamini, ikakhulukazi ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Zingakhonzwa zombili ngesimo semifino, nangendlela yamalungiselelo nezengezo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungagcini izilwane ngezimbambo zenyama ezisetshenzisiwe - amasoseji, amasoseji, njll.
Ukudla okunjalo kuqukethe amavithamini ambalwa, ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenza isisu sesilwane sithambe. Umalusi waseJalimane uphekelwa kahle inyama yenkomo entsha nengulube.
Le mithetho ayanele ukuchaza yonke inkambo yokunakekela umalusi waseGerman nokulungiswa kwayo ekhaya. Ukukhulisa isilwane inqubo eqhubekayo nenzima. Kepha uma ubhekana nabo bonke ubunzima, uzothola umngane ozinikele futhi omuhle.
Ukuchazwa kafushane kokuzalela
Umelusi waseJalimane - inja yokuphakama okuphakathi nefomethi elula elula nemisipha ekhule kahle.
Ekuboneni kokuqala unikeza umbono wesilwane esihlakaniphile, esiqwashisayo nesinamandla. Ukuma kwekhanda, ukuqina kwesihlakala nokuqina, kuzungezwe kancane emaphethelweni izindlebe, kwenze umalusi abukeke njengempisi.
Ebusweni elimnyama ngamehlo kukhanya ubuhlakani, ubuntu bokuzinikela nokuzinikela kumnikazi.
Umelusi waseJalimane kufanele anikeze umbono wokuvumelana, ukuzethemba kanye nobukhosi bemvelo.
Wool
Umalusi waseJalimane angaba nezinhlobo ezintathu zezinwele: zilukhuni, zimfushane, zinde futhi zithambile. Akumangazi, kepha abamele abanezinwele ezinde abasibekezeleli isimo sezulu esibandayo, ngakho-ke ukulondolozwa kwabo emgwaqweni kuzoba yinkinga.
Umbala omnyama
Umlando womsuka
Izinja ezingamalusi, ezifana nomelusi waseJalimane, sekuyisikhathi eside zakha indawo yeJalimane yanamuhla.
Kwakuyizilwane eziqinile nezinesibindi, zingavikeli izinkomo kuphela, kodwa futhi nezindawo zasemapulazini ekuhlaselweni kwabaphangi futhi zazingesabi ukuzibandakanya nezimpisi.
Ekuqaleni kokuzalela okuhlosiwe eJalimane, bekukhona abelusi abaningi abasebenza kahle, aba ngabasunguli bohlobo olusha.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 futhi ngokushesha imininingwane ephathekayo kanye nezimpawu zokusebenza kukaMelusi waseJalimane kwabenza bathandwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukusetshenziswa kwabo embuthweni nasenkonzweni yamaphoyisa kwaqala.
UColonel wezinqola zamahhashi waseJalimane uMax von Stefanitz uthathwa njengomqambi womelusi waseJalimane futhi ungowokuqala wabazalisi bawo. Ubele lezi zinja kusuka ngonyaka we-1884 kuya kowe-1896 futhi wenza okuningi ekuboneni nasekwakheni uhlobo olusha lokuzala.
Incazelo ejwayelekile, imvelo
Ekuqaleni, umalusi waseJalimane wayesetshenziswa kuphela ukuvikela imfuyo kwabazingeli. Kepha ubuhlakani obuhle kakhulu, ubuhlakani namandla izinja zalokhu kuzalaniswa kwabonwa abaphathi bezinja, ngenxa yalokho abaqala ukusetshenziswa njengabahlengi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwamasosha nezimo eziphuthumayo, ukuvikela imingcele, ukusesha izigebengu nokuvikela impahla. "AmaJalimane" abhekane kangcono nale misebenzi kunabamele ezinye izinhlobo kunokuthola igunya elifanelekile emhlabeni wonke.
Njengoba le nja inkulu kakhulu kune-average, ke endlini encane enekamelo elilodwa ngeke abe nesikhala esanele semidlalo, futhi ekufikeni kweminyaka ethile - ekhoneni lakhe endlini.
Izici
Incredulous kwizilwane ezingazazi, ezinesibindi nezithembekile ezinokuqonda okungaphakathi kokuzivikela ngaphakathi kwazo.
Umelusi waseJalimane unokulinganisela umlingiswa, ayikhombisi ulaka ngaphandle kwesizathu futhi iya nge-oda lomnikazi noma liqondise kuphela.
Ilalela ngokungakhethi, engenakonakala futhi enqumayo, le nja ihlukaniswa ubuhlakani nokushesha.
Umelusi waseJalimane uyakuqonda umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokuphila kwansuku zonke..
Isikhathi sokuphila
Ngokwesilinganiso, abelusi baseJalimane bahlala Iminyaka engu-12-16 ubudala. Ngokuncoma ezinconyweni eziphathelene nokudla okulinganiselayo, ukuhamba njalo, ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, isikhathi sokuphila kwenja singandiswa sibe yiminyaka eyi-16 kuya ku-17.
Umbala weSonar
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi
Izinzuzo:
- I-Smart, ihlakaniphile futhi kulula ukuyifunda.
- Kunikezelwe ngokuphelele.
- Ukungazinakekeli ekunakekelweni nasekulondolozeni.
- Uthembekile ezinganeni.
- Uqonda ngokuphelele lapho ukubonakaliswa kobudlova kufanelekile, futhi uma kungenjalo.
- Inja enkulu yokuqapha.
- Izinhlobo zoMhlaba jikelele.
Qeda:
- Udinga ukuqeqeshwa kanzima.
- Ngeke ukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle komzimba omkhulu.
- Ayilungele iqhaza lenja yezilwane ezifuywayo.
- Ngokukhuliswa okungafanele, kungakhombisa ulaka.
- Ezinye izinja ezingabelusi zisebenza ngokweqile.
Umelusi waseJalimane uthambekele ekuqhekekeni kwemizwa ngenxa yokuchayeka ngokweqile.
Ubuhlakani, umlingisi nokuhambisana nezinja zezingane ezincane
Umelusi waseJalimane uhlakaniphe kakhulu-ke kulula ukufunda nokuqeqesha. Unesimo somzimba esiqinile futhi nesisu esithuthuke kahle. Izinja zalokhu kuzalanisa ziyazi kahle imingcele yensimu edinga ukuvikeleka. Noma yibuphi ubudlova, ngisho nokuhamba okubukhali okuqonde kumnikazi noma kwamanye amalungu omndeni kuzothathwa yinja njengenkomba yokuhlaselwa ngokushesha kwalowo "muhlaseli".
Umlindi omkhulu wekhaya lakho. Funda ngomelusi waseHungary (Commander) kuwebhusayithi yethu.
I-Kurzhaar iyinja ethandwa kakhulu yokuzingela, edabuka eJalimane. Konke mayelana nalokhu kuzalaniswa - kuleli kheli.
Uyazi ukuthi intengo yemidlwane yaseLabrador incike kuphi? Funda ngakho, kanye nezinzuzo nokubi kwalokhu kuzalaniswa kwewebhusayithi yethu.
Inja yabantu abadala ine eqinile futhi ezolile. Emncane, umelusi angakhombisa ukuzimela nokungalaleli. Ngalesi sikhathi kuyadingeka ukukhombisa ukuthi ngubani umphathi endliniusebenzisa imiphumela yomzimba esezingeni eliphakathi. Imvamisa ukushaya okuningana kwanele ukuba inja ibone igunya lomnikazi. Ukuze uthole ukuqeqeshwa okusebenzayo, kungcono ukusebenzisa "isanqante" ngendlela yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinja.
Izinja ilungele izingane ezincane emndenini, ukubabona njengengxenye yephakethe. Inja ibekezelela iziqu ezilinganiselwe zezingane ngesizotha.
Lezi zinja ziyaqina futhi zizolile.
Izinhlobo eziphambili
Okwamanje kunemigqa eminingana yokuzalanisa Yabelungu BaseGerman.
I-classic eyaziwa kakhulu, ebizwa nangokuthi umugqa ophakeme, wamaJalimane. Lezi zinja zimpawu zokuzinikela nokuthanda abantu, yingakho zivame ukusetshenziswa njengezinkomba zezimpumputhe.
Imigqa yokusebenza Izinja zomelusi zaseJalimane ziqeqeshwe kahle futhi zisetshenziswa kwezempi namaphoyisa.
Umugqa osempumalanga wawususelwa ezinjeni ezinomzimba omuhle nokuthula okuzolile.
Izinja ezingamalusi zezintambo ezisebenza eCzech ziqinile futhi ziyakwazi ukubekezelela ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba isikhathi eside.
Ama-Sheepdogs asemgqeni waseMelika, owakhula ngeminyaka yo-1970s, anomzimba womzimba, i-muzzle ephakeme ngokwengeziwe nomlingiswa othambile.
Izinja Zelungu LamaNgisi zibukeka zinamandla ngenxa yesikebhe sabo esiqinile nefomethi enwetshiwe. Lezi zinja zazifuywa ngezinhloso zempi.
Phakathi kwabelusi abanezinwele ezinde zaseJalimane, izinhlobo ezimbili zihlukaniswa ngokukhethekile: i-walthound yasebukhosini neyasarluz. Lezi zokugcina zazalwe eNetherlands futhi ziphethe ingxube yegazi lezimpisi.
Umelusi Omkhulu WaseJalimane alukho. Izinja ezincane ziyavela ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ngenxa yokuthi zingaba nama-pathologies amaningi okuzala.
Ukuqeqeshwa nemfundo
Imfundo eyisisekelo kufanele yenziwe umuntu munye. Ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwabantu abadala, imfundo enjalo inganikezwa ingane kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10 ubudala.
Kusukela umhlanjana ubonakala endlini, kufanele athole igama ingane elisejwayele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
Kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-2 ubudala, imveku isivele inamandla qonda futhi wenze imiyalo elula.
Efika ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, kufanele azi futhi enze yonke imiyalo eyisisekelo: "kimi", "hlala", "aqambe amanga", "aport", "fu", njll.
Ngesenzo ngasinye se-puppy esenziwe kudingeka ukhuthaze okumnandi. Ngaphandle kwebhonasi enjalo, ekuqaleni kokuqeqeshwa, inja kungekudala izolahlekelwa yisifiso sokwenza imiyalo.
"AmaJalimane" aqeqeshwa ngokushesha okukhulu kunabamele ezinye izinhlobo, ngakho-ke asetshenziswa kakhulu emaphoyiseni (ukucinga izidakamizwa, izikhali, izigebengu), ibutho (ukufuna iziqhumane, ukuvikela imingcele) nokuvikela impahla.
Umdlwane ongumalusi waseJalimane
Ukuhluka kombala
Kuyasebenza Imibala yomalusi waseJalimane:
Kulokhu, ezimbili zokuqala zibhekwa njengokuthandwa kakhulu.
Kukhona futhi nabelusi abamhlophe abahlukaniswe ngohlobo oluhlukile - Umelusi waseSwitzerland.
Ungayikhetha kanjani ingane
"UmJalimane" uyinja ethembekile kakhuluNgakho-ke, umuntu akufanele alindele ukwethembeka kusuka kunja endala esele inenkosi. Ungamthola umngane weqiniso kuphela ngokumkhulisa ngombungu omncane.
Ukukhetha kwe-puppy kuya ngokuthi inhloso yakho. Ngubani ofuna ukumbona ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile: umngani, umlindi, umvikeli noma mhlawumbe iqhawe emiqhudelwaneni? Isibonelo, umdlwane ovela kubaba ongumgadli noma umpetha womgadli uzobiza kaninginingi (kusuka ku- $ 1 000) kunokuba usuka kumalusi ojwayelekile, kepha izinhlobo zokuhola zingakufanele.
Ekuhlolweni, udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi umdlwane unezinyawo ngisho nezinyawo, amehlo amnyama (umbala obhulayo wamehlo kufanele unyamalale ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezi-2 ubudala), ukuntuleka kokumaka ezindlebeni, umhlathi wobude obufanele, ukulunywa okuqondile (ukubanjwa ngaphezulu kungaba phakathi kuka-1-2 mm) . Kuze kube nezinyanga ezintathu ubudala, izindlebe akufanele zibe nezeluleko eziqondile.
Amalunga akhule kahle anganqunywa indlela i-puppy egijima ngayo trotting: uma ephendulwa ngokuqinile yimilenze yakhe yangemuva futhi ekhwela kude imilenze yakhe yangaphambili, khona-ke amalunga asesimweni esihle.
Ungasusa imveku kude nonina lapho eguquka inyanga nesigamu. Noma, uma imveku isuthiswa ubisi lwebele isikhathi eside, khona-ke ngokomzimba izothuthukiswa ngokwengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzoba lula ukunquma izimfanelo zakhe zomzimba nezengqondo eneminyaka eyi-3-4 izinyanga.
Endlini ngaphambi kwesikhathi kufanele ulungiselele indawo efanelekayo kumdlwana.
Imisipha eqinile kanye nemisipha ehlanganiswe kahle iyimpawu yalenja.
Izici zamandla
Umelusi waseJalimane angadla ukudla kwemvelo noma ukudla kwezimboni.
Ukudla okwenziwe ngomumo kufanele kube okulungele ubudala kanye nesimo somzimba somalusi futhi kube sezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukudla komelusi osekhulile kanye nokudla kwezinyane lezingane kunemininingwane yazo yalolu hlobo lokuzalela.
Kubiza malini umelusi
Ingane evela kubazali elula futhi ngaphandle kwemibhalo izobiza kusuka ku- $ 120 kuya ku- $ 300. Ukuqapha indlu nokuvikela umndeni, inja enjalo izokwanela.
I-BRID-class bitch izobiza kusuka ku- $ 400 kuya ku- $ 1000, imidlwane yezimbukiso nabazali babagadli - kusuka ku- $ 1000 kuya phezulu.
UHusky uzoba umngane omuhle futhi onobungane, futhi intengo ye-husky iqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20 kuphela.
Uyazi ukuthi umdlwana we-chihuahua owuthandayo ubhukelwe kulo mphini cishe khona lapho azalwa khona? Amaqiniso ahehayo ngalokhu kuzalanisa - kuphela kuwebhusayithi yethu.
Ezempilo kanye nezifo eziyisisekelo, isikhathi sokuphila
Umelusi waseJalimane ubhekwa njengohlobo olunempilo.
Kepha futhi angaba nengqondo yoku izifo ezilandelayo:
Isikhathi sokuphila Abelusi baseJalimane baphakathi kweminyaka eyi-10-14.
Izinja zalokhu kuzalanisa zidinga ukugonywa ngesikhathi, ngoba zithinta kakhulu izifo ezingathi sína.
Ukukhulisa inja nokuqeqeshwa
Udinga ukuqala ukukhulisa inja yomalusi waseJalimane ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwakha ubuhlobo obufanele nesilwane esifuywayo, okudingayo ukuphatha umelusi ngokuqinile, kepha ngokungakhethi.
Ukuqina ngokweqile nokuxhuma ngokweqile kulimaza ngokulinganayo. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala, inja kumele ifunde ukuthi into esemqoka endlini ngumniniyo nokuthi kumele imlalele ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuhlangana naye kahle ukuze aziphathe ngokuthula nezinye izilwane nabantu angabazi.
Isilwane esifuywayo singafunda imiyalo eyisisekelo ekhaya, kepha yisazi kuphela okufanele sifundise inja yomalusi inkambo yokuqeqeshwa ejwayelekile kanye nensizakalo yokuvikela.
Izici Zokunakekela
Ukunakekela umalusi waseJalimane akunzima njengoba kungabonakala ekuqaleni.
Inja yomalusi enezinwele ezimfushane idinga ukugcotshwa ngebhulashi izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto, futhi nenja ende yomalusi inezinwele nsuku zonke, ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlanganisa inja nsuku zonke. Ukugeza akukho isikhathi esingaphezu kwesingu-1 ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 usebenzisa isampula ye-zoo ekhethekile.
Nakekela izindlebe zakho, amehlo namazinyo aqukethe ukuhlolwa kwansuku zonke nokuhlanza lapho kunesidingo..
Izinzipho zomalusi waseJalimane, njengomthetho, azidingi ukufinyezwa, esimweni esifanayo, uma zingazigaye, zidinga ukusikwa ngomsiki wozipho.
Umalusi waseJalimane angagcinwa efulethini uma libanzi ngokwanele. Kepha izinja zalolu hlobo lokuzalwa zizizwa zingcono kakhulu endlini yezwe - kulokhu, umnikazi uzodinga i-aviary kanye ne-booth.
Ukuzalela izinhlobo
Kuvunyelwe ukuthola inzalo kuphela ezilwaneni ezindala ezinamadiploma wokubonisa, izitifiketi zezokwelapha kanye nokwamukelwa kokuzalela. Kulokhu, i-estrus yesibili noma yesithathu kufanele ngabe isiqalile ku-bitch.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi inja yayingcono ngaphandle, futhi ekuvuthiseni kokuqala kungcono ukukhetha umlingani onolwazi.
Lapho ukuzala kwengane kuqhubeka ngokujwayelekile, khona-ke umuntu akufanele aphazamise inqubo yabo. Uma kukhona okuthile okungahambanga kahle, kungcono ukubiza udokotela wezilwane kunokuzama ukusiza inja ngokungafanele.
Inani elijwayelekile lokudoti kumalusi waseJalimane liyi-6-8 imidlwanekodwa ingasukela kwengane eyodwa kuya kwengu-14.
Izidlaliso ezidumile
Njenganoma iyiphi inja, inja yomelusi ibalulekile ukukhetha igama elifanele.
Abafana: I-Cupid, iBaron, i-Veers, i-Earl, i-Ducat, i-Zorro, i-Irwin, uChris, uLars, u-Major, ama-Knick, u-Oscar, uPard, uRay, uSilver, u-Tref, u-Ulf, u-Furst, u-Hunter, u-Kesari, uChester, uSherman, u-Ace, u-Eugene, noJanus .
Amantombazane: U-Alma, uBerta, uVita, uGera, uGemma, uZelda, u-Ingrid, uCorsa, uLesexa, uMalta, uNick, u-Olivia, uParma, uRon, uStella, uTroy, u-Una, uFroya, uHolly, uCera, uChelsea, uSherry, u-Elsa, u-Utah, uJasper .
Izinhlobo Zezinzalo
Okuvame kakhulu yilokhu okulandelayo weqa phakathi kwabelusi baseJalimane:
- Umelusi WaseSiberia (Umelusi WaseJalimane + Husky)
- Malhover (Umelusi WaseJalimane + Rottweiler)
- I-Wolfhound (umalusi waseJalimane + impisi)
- Umalusi WeGolide (Umelusi WaseJalimane + iRetriever)
- Njengo
- Nge-labrador
- Nge-alabai
- Ngenja Yomelusi WaseCaucasian
- Ngenja yomelusi we-belgian
- Nge-chow chow
- Nge pug
- Ngino-collie
- Ngino-akita inu
- Ngomnumzane
Izinja zomelusi ezihlanganisiwe ezitholakala kohlobo olungenalo ulaka, njengomthetho, zihlukaniswa yisimo sobungane, kepha cishe zihlala zincishwa izimfanelo ezisemthethweni.
Izici Zokudla
Isitsha se-puppy kumele sibekwe phezuluukuze abe sezingeni lesifuba sakhe. Le ndlela yokondla izoba nesandla ekwakhekeni okungaphandle kwangaphandle.
Kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbili zeminyaka ubudala, inja inganikezwa i-cartilage yethole namathambo athambile, angavuthiwe.Kwesinye isikhathi zinikeza amazambane aluhlaza, anomphumela onenzuzo kuboya.
Njengoba imveku ikhula kakhulu, idinga nokondliwa kaningi: kusuka ezikhathini eziyisithupha ngosuku (kuze kube izinyanga eziyi-1.5 ubudala), inciphisa kancane kancane iye ezikhathini ezi-2 (lapho inezinyanga eziyi-6 ubudala).
Ukudla kungaba yindalo (inyama eluhlaza, amathambo, inhlanzi ebilisiwe, imifino) noma eyomile ngokulinganayo.
Izinja zokwelusa - abahlengi, onogada nezinja zokusesha
Izigaba zemidlwane ekhulayo
Izikhathi zokuqala ezintathu zokuphila kwakhe ziyinkathi yokushada, isikhathi sokushintsha (lapho imidlwane inenyanga eyodwa ubudala), isikhathi sokubekwa uphawu, umdlwane uchitha endlini yomfuyi.
UMelusi udlulela esigabeni esilandelayo endlini entsha:
- Isikhathi sokuhlalisana kwabantu siyizinyanga ezi-2-2,5. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-puppy kulula ukuyifunda futhi ikhumbula kahle konke okusha.
- Isikhathi sokunqunywa kobukhosi sivela ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezinyanga ezi-4. Ingane inenkani futhi ilume ngalesi sikhathi. Kuyadingeka ukuyifaka ngobumnene kepha ngokuqhubekayo.
- Isikhathi sokusungula ubudlelwano nomnikazi yizinyanga ezi-5. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa amaqembu ayisisekelo afundwe phambilini.
- Isikhathi sokuthomba cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Inja ingaziphatha ngokubonisa ngamabomu: ukuba nenkani, hhayi ukwenza imiyalo. Kuyadingeka ukufezekisa ukuthunyelwa kwayo ngokuphelele kulesi sigaba, ngoba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuziphatha okunjalo kungaba yinto evamile.
- Isikhathi sokwesaba sisukela ezinyangeni eziyi-7 kuye kwezingu-11, kwesinye isikhathi ngaphambili. Umelusi wethuka ngokuzumayo ngezinto ezingazange zimenze esabe ngaphambili. Umsebenzi womnikazi wakhe ukwehlisa isilwane futhi ukwenze kucace ukuthi akukho lutho alwesaba. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, ukuthomba kokufikisa kwenzeka - i-estrus yokuqala yenzeka ngamalungiselelo, futhi abesilisa bangaba nentshisekelo ezinjeni zobulili obuhlukile.
- Isikhathi sokushintsha yiminyaka engu-1-4. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa amakhono asevele afundile enkambo yokuqeqeshwa eyinhloko futhi uqhubeke nokuqeqeshwa kwenkonzo yokuqapha.
Kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-5 ubudala, umalusi osemncane angaqala ukwenza amakheji kwezinye izinja, ezinyaweni zomnikazi kanye nezinto ezingaphili. Awukwazi ukujezisa noma ukudonsa isilwane ngenkani, udinga ukunaka ukunaka kwakhe kumdlalo noma ukuqeqeshwa.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi
To izimfanelo izinhlobo kufanele zifake:
- izinga eliphakeme lokufunda
- Universal Universal: umlindi, umgcini wegazi, onogada, njll,
- Umvikeli omuhle kakhulu womndeni, umlingani wezingane.
ukungathandeki:
- ukusebenza okuphezulu nokushukumiseka (uma inja ihlala endlini, kuzodingeka uchithe amahora amaningi uhamba),
- ukuzethemba ngokweqile kwezivakashi kanye nabantu ongabazi,
- isifiso sokudla (osayizi bezinja badinga izindleko ezinkulu zokudla)
- ngesikhathi sokukhula kwenja endlini izinto eziningi zizohlupheka.
Ngaphambi kokuthola umdlwane ongumalusi waseJalimane, udinga ukukala ubuhle nokulimazeka uphinde uhlaziye uma ungakwazi ukunaka ngokwanele, isikhathi nemali ngentuthuko yayo ejwayelekile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, inja akuyona umngani nokuvikelwa kuphela, kodwa futhi umthwalo omkhulu.
Ungayikhetha kanjani inja enempilo?
Udinga ukuthenga umalusi waseGerman ngamadokhumenti. Imveku kumele ibe ne-metric eqinisekisa ukuqina kwayo, futhi nabazali bayo - ama-pedigrees, ukwamukelwa kokuzalela nezitifiketi zezokwelashwa.
Lapho ukhetha i-puppy, udinga ukunaka ukubukeka kwayo nesimo sayo sempilo.
Umelusi kufanele ondliwe kahle, ngesikhumba lesicinile kanye nekwakhiwa kwemisipha yakusasa.
Imveku enempilo inamehlo ahlanzekile, acacile, isikhumba esinwebekile ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokuvuvukala noma imivimbo, akukho ukumboza okumnyama ezindlebeni, namazinyo amhlophe futhi ahlanzekile. Ijazi liyacwebezela futhi lizilungiselele kahle, lithambile impela.
Umdlwane omuhle uyachichima, uyasebenza futhi uyadlala. Akakhombisi ulaka ngokweqile kubantu, kepha akazithandi kakhulu.
Ungakhathazeki uma imidlwane yezinja zomalusi ingenazo izindlebe ezinyangeni ezingama-2-3 - zikhuphukela ezinyangeni ezingama-4-5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokugoma, izindlebe zingawa.
39 Amazwana
Umbono wami ukuthi ayikho inja yokuqapha engcono kunelusa laseJalimane .Uhlobo olukhulu ngokwalo, lubangela ukwesaba ngokubonakala kwalo, luhlakaniphe kakhulu futhi luthembekile, angikwazi ukucabanga umngani wami omkhulu onemilenze emine. Unolaka futhi kulula ukuqeqesha, uhlakaniphile, uqinile futhi ushesha.
Kuthiwa kahle ukuthi ukugcina umalusi kuwumsebenzi omkhulu. Benginomelusi onjalo ngasikhathi sinye, indawo eyi-5X8 ngobukhulu yayihlanganiswe ngokukhethekile, futhi ngaphakathi kwalesi engadini kwakukhona idokodo elaliqongqiwe ndawonye lisuka kumabhodi aphilayo.Inja yayihamba ngokukhululeka ibiyelwe futhi inenkululeko eyanele yokunyakaza okuhlukahlukene. Kuyiqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi umelusi agijime njalo embuthanweni endaweni yezindiza futhi kuhlale kunendlela eyodwa kuyo, wayezibuza nje ukuthi kungani umucu wezinja unje kodwa, kodwa angaqondi. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi angihlali isikhathi eside, cishe iminyaka eyisikhombisa, yize kwenziwa konke ukugoma futhi ngalandela imithetho eyisisekelo yokugcina lo hlobo. Iqiniso elidabukisayo.
Inja yayinesikhala esincane esifanayo. Nginesikhala esiningi efulethini lami futhi ngifuna ukuthola inja yomelusi, kepha umama akamvumeli, akakholelwa ukuthi ngizoba nesibopho, kepha ngizovuma kodwa iqiniso ukuthi ngifuna inja njengomngane hhayi njengomqaphi wokuziqeqesha ukuze ivikeleke, kodwa ngamafuphi, kukhona abavikeli abaningi abaphambili umndeni kanye nomngani.
U-Anton, ngikholwe, umalusi waseJalimane ungumngane omkhulu, namuhla indodana yami yangcwaba u-Alex, wayengekho ngisho neminyaka eyi-9, salwa impilo yakhe kwaze kwaba kowokugcina, kepha asikwazanga ukusindisa. Wayibheka ngokuzinikela indodana yakhe emehlweni kuze kwaba umzuzu wokugcina wokuphila kwayo, waanga umlenze wakhe ngezihlakala zayo. Siyakhala futhi sibuhlungu. Futhi ukuthi wayenomusa kangakanani, wayethanda wonke umuntu futhi eqonda konke. Uma sithatha, khona-ke kuphela umdlwane ongumalusi waseJalimane.
Ukwephula i-psyche, kungenzeka kwasekuqaleni kakhulu kuholele ekushintsheni?)
Kusukela ebuntwaneni, bengilokhu ngifuna ukuthola umelusi waseJalimane, kodwa uma sikhuluma ngamafulethi, khona-ke okungenani amakamelo ama-3, ngaphandle kwalokho kukhona ubungozi "bokwenza ikamelo". Izinja zalolu hlobo lokuzalwa zizwela kakhulu ekushintsheni kwemizwa yabantu kangangokuba kwesinye isikhathi kubonakala sengathi - ifunda imicabango yakho. Njengombono, athobekile futhi azithobile; azikho izingxabano ezenziwa kwezinye izinhlobo noma, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungalaleli okuvamisile.
Ubusuku obuhle
Mina nomyeni wami sinomalusi waseJalimane. Wakhuliswa ngaphandle kwami, besingakashadi namanje, umyeni wakhe wamqeqeshela yena umfuyi womfuyi, wayehlala esebenza kukho. Uyambona nangezwi alizwa ocingweni.
Manje umyeni akahlali nathi okwesikhashana. Lapho umyeni esehambile, inja yabuyela kumfuyi futhi yahlala lapho amasonto ama-2, kwathi amasonto amabili umkhwekazi wamthatha wamyisa kuye. Lapho ngithuthela kumkhwekazi wami, banquma ukungayithathi inja, ngoba uyagula ngokwengqondo - kusuka kulokhu uqala i-eczema nohudo, ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho esishiya. Futhi ngiyamesaba, wakhuliswa ngaphandle kwami. Manje inja yethu ineminyaka engu-6. Asinayo inja, yize umvikeli endlini edingeka kakhulu. Ngine amakati ama-4 futhi ahlala endlini ahamba ngezinyawo emgwaqweni. Egcekeni bekunebhanoyi lezinja. Zonke izinsuku ngicabanga ukuthi ngingayithatha kanjani e-nursery. Inja ifaneleke kakhulu futhi kuyadabukisa ukuthi yize ihlala ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ayikho ekhaya. Nginovalo kakhulu, ngoba umyeni wami akakafiki ekhaya. Yini okufanele ngiyenze ngokwesaba kwami? Uzokwamukela kanjani izilwane ezifuywayo? Ngizobeletha. Ungamfundisa kanjani amanye amalungu omndeni. Mhlawumbe sizothatha enye ingane ekhaya lezintandane. Basho ukuthi uzoba sezindiza. Kancane kancane ukukujwayela ukudla kuzongijwayela. Futhi lo mkhulisi uthe akusizi ngalutho ukumjwayela kimi - usengumdala. Ilinde impendulo.
Kwakunesimo esifanayo. Inja yakhula ngaphandle kwami, nomyeni wayo. Ngemuva kwalokho ngabonakala. Ngokushesha ngangivele ngiyamesaba, kepha lapho ngingenandoda, ngiyayondla. Ngiyamesaba noma kunjalo. Ithiphu- myisa ekhaya.
Umelusi waseJalimane muhle kakhulu! Akudingi ukuthi azijwayeze yena kepha uthola ukuzethemba. Wena Tube ukukusiza.
Wathatha umdlwane. Ukungavumelani okuningi ezindabeni zokondliwa nemfundo. Ungalufuna kuphi iqiniso?
I-Bronislaw, ukondla kungaba ngezinhlobo ezimbili - ukondliwa kwemvelo (ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo lwe-BARF) nokudla kwezimboni (kubantu abajwayelekile - ukomiswa). Yikuphi okungcono. Awukho umbono ovumayo ngalo mbuzo. Ngokubona kwami, okungcono okungokwemvelo kungcono (inyama, inhlanzi, ushizi wekhokho, ubisi omuncu, okusanhlamvu, imifino / izithelo - inyama engxenyeni ethile kufanele okungenani ibe ngama-70%). Kepha, kwezinye izinja, ayihambi, ngenxa yokungezwani, ngokwesibonelo (manje sekujwayelekile kakhulu). Uma Prom. feed, bese ukhetha ikilasi ephelele, isigaba se-premium noma i-super premium class (lapho iphesenti elikhulu lenyama ekwakhiweni lifinyelela okungenani ama-60%). Ngomanani, okuphakelayo okuhle kwemvelo nangekhwalithi ephezulu kucishe kufane.Ubengawuqondi kahle umbuzo mayelana nokukhuliswa kwakhe ... Baqala ukufundisa / ukuqeqesha kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala kwavela imveku endlini. Udinga ukuzijwayeza kankudlwana kaningana ngosuku imizuzu eyi-15, akusekho, ngoba ukhathele ngokushesha okukhulu. Awusoze washaya ngaphandle kwesizathu! Ukukhulisa izingane kuhlanganisa ukukhuthaza nokuqinisa ukusebenza okulungile. Ukuziphatha okungalungile kufanele kunganakwa. Nge-puppy puppy kusuka ezinyangeni ezi-3-4 ubudala udinga ukuya ukugqoka. isiza esiphatha izinja (uzophula izinkuni eziningi, bese kuba nzima kakhulu ukuzilungisa). Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-cynologist izokwenza umsebenzi ophambili nomnikazi, hhayi inja. Kufanele ufunde ukuqonda inja futhi ukwazi ukuchaza ukuthi ufunani kuyo. Inja ifana nemoto)) ngaphambi kokuthi ungene ngemuva kwesondo, kudingeka ufunde ukuthi ungayishayela kanjani! Lapho ukhetha umphathi ophethe izinja, qala ngokubheka ukuthi aziphatha kanjani izinja. Amakilasi kufanele abanjelwe kokuhle nezintshisakalo zenja. Ngaphandle kwama-collars aqinile, imisindo nezinye izimfanelo. KULUNGILE (inkambo yokuqeqeshwa ejwayelekile), umelusi waseJalimane kufanele abhekane ne-MANDATORY, ngoba Lokhu kuzala okunobungozi obukhulu! Ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa, wena noma inja ngeke sikujabulele ukuxhumana. UmJalimane ongafundile usongo empilweni yakho nasempilweni yabanye.
Inja kamelusi ingaba nomuntu oyedwa-inhloko-inhloko, imane ithande amanye amalungu omndeni, ivikele, ilalele, kepha ngaphandle kwemibandela yamukela kuphela lowo ochitha isikhathi esiningi naye, ebambisene, ahamba. Empilweni yami kunezinja ezimbili ezingabelusi, zazihlala zinikeza ukudla okujwayelekile futhi (mhlawumbe odokotela bezilwane bazongilahla ngesibonelo esinjalo) abakaze bagonywe. Ngenxa yalokhu, inja besihlala impilo enhle kwaze kwaba yilapho ineminyaka engu-17, nendodakazi yakhe - yaze yafika eminyakeni engu-16.
Khetha udokotela wezilwane omuhle ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwalabo abajwayela inja, bese unamathela eselulekweni sakhe.
Bronislaw! Iseluleko sami kuwe. Lalela ama-vets angama-2-3. odokotela, abathandi bezinja. Zama izinketho eziningana ngokwakho nesilwane sakho, kepha yinja yakho kuphela ezokhombisa ukuthi iyiphi indlela elungile kuwe. Ngumuntu ngamunye. Ngaleso sikhathi nganginezinja ezimbili ezingabelusi. Oyedwa wayekujabulela ukudla okwomile, kanti owesibili akazange akubekezelele, wenqaba ama-porridge kanye nenyama ebilisiwe. Ngidle kuphela iqhwa elibunjiwe ngaphandle. Okwakhe, ngathenga isisu senyama yenkomo kanye ne-goulash, ngasika saba yizicucu, sahlunga ngo-1,7-2 kg emaphaketheni, sayifaka efrijini izinsuku ezingama-3-4, sabe sesiyincibilikisa futhi ngasidla. Ngaphambi kwalaba bobabili bekungowesilisa. Udla ngokuphelele konke okusuka etafuleni + i-oatmeal porridge enama-trimmings.
Inja kuphela ezokutshela ukuthi ungayondla kanjani futhi uyifundise! Konke kumuntu uqobo kakhulu!
Sawubona, tshela izindlebe zami zezingane ukuthi zingavuki, izinyanga ezinhlanu. futhi idla kabi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye siyasebenza.
Futhi wawusemthombeni
Benginenja kamelusi wase-East European. Futhi ngingasho okulandelayo.Weza kimi ngengozi. Umakhelwane wami wayenentokazi engu-Alabai. Benginenja enamathiselwe kubo. Umlindi omkhulu, onobuhlakani. Ngafuna inja kwasebuntwaneni. Ngakho angizange ngicabange isikhathi eside) Ngaya nayo ekhaya .Wagezwa, wakhuluphala) Wayekhathazeke isonto lonke, akazange athintane ikakhulukazi. Kungenzeka ukuthi waphuthelwa ngabanikazi. Wabe eseba ngabangani)) futhi wayevele esazi amaqembu, futhi engibona) ukuze babhale udoti. abantu, ngalinye linomlingiswa walo nendlela yalo.
NgingumJalimane manje. Inja esesabekayo, amagama angasekho. Unomusa, uhlakaniphile, uyasebenza, unamandla, uyalalela (uqhathanisa nobhontshisi), unogada. Thatha ngaphandle kokungabaza! Ngeke uzisole.
Sibe nenja emangalisayo, ngeshwa, kwakukhona ... Le nja ikhipha imizwa eminingi emihle, iyamangaza ngengqondo yayo, isifiso esijulile, ukuzinikela, ikhono lokuqedela ukuzidela ekuvikeleni umnikazi, inkuthalo emangazayo, isifiso nje sokweyisa, sokuqedela noma yimuphi umsebenzi - futhi ngokungathandeki nakancane ! Futhi uma kwesinye isikhathi uyikhuthaza ngocezu lwenyama - izosebenza kuze kube sezingeni lokukhathala. Futhi amahloni amangalisayo ale nja! Uhlala elazi kahle icala lakhe, ngisho nelincane kunazo zonke! Akunakwenzeka ukudlulisa lokhu kubukeka, kugcwele ukuzisola, ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva kokungabaza ngentokozo emhlanganweni lapho isicwebezane esicathulwe umnikazi waso. Futhi umelusi ukwazi ukuthanda, ukulinda, ukuthethelela ngokuphelele konke! Ngaye, ngokuzolile, ngokunethezekile, ubikezela ngokuphelele. Eminyakeni engu-12,5 yokuphila kwenja yethu, asikaze sihlangabezane nanoma yini esingayilindele.Kuliqiniso, ebusheni bakhe babaleka kaningana ngokuhambahamba ngaphandle kokuvuza, kodwa wayehlala ebuya ngemuva kwehora noma amabili, egqoke umgqomo kadoti. I-Gluttony mhlawumbe iyisici sesono somalusi kuphela. Futhi uyadla, impela. Kepha yeka ukuthi kujabulisa kanjani ukubona ukuthi ulinda ngesineke isikhathi esingakanani imizuzwana engu-30 esitsheni esigcwalisiwe, ugijimela kuye lapho eyale futhi athathe lokho okuqukethwe imizuzwana emi-3! UMelusi angafundiswa noma yini ngokushesha okukhulu futhi aqiniseke ukuthi akasoze akhohlwa lutho! Ngokungafani nomnikazi. Isibonelo, ngikhohlwe kaningana ngakho, ngashiya esitolo ngithenga futhi ngakhumbula ukuthi kukhona okushodayo, ngingena nje endlini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inja, njengoba ishiywe esitolo neqembu "Linda!", Ayizange izikhumbuze, futhi yabona ukuthi inkosikazi yenkosikazi iphuma ngaphandle kwayo! Ubaleka uyambamba esimweni esifanayo sokulindela, kepha akasuki endaweni ngaphandle komyalo "Kimi"! Ungaxoxa isikhathi eside ngalokhu kuzalanisa okumangalisayo, okuyiqiniso, okudinga ukuhamba isikhathi eside okusebenzayo nemfundo ephoqelekile ebusheni. Futhi isikhala esanele nokuzimisela komnikazi ukukhuthazela "umoya wenja". Ngaphandle kwalokho, kukhona amanye ama-pluses amakhulu!
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Sawubona, nginezinja ezimbili ezinhle zabesilisa, lapho ngithenga eyokuqala, kwakukhona nenkinga yokudla. Ukudla okuhle kakhulu inyama, inhlanzi, ushizi we-cottage shizi. futhi izindlebe zethu azizange zivuke amavithamini anqunyelwe futhi akukho lutho, siye kumphathi wezinja futhi wasikhipha ebhodleleni lepulasitiki, wafaka isibaya esikhulu esibayeni futhi konke kuhamba kahle ngathi.
Senginenja yomelusi yaseJalimane iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, sekunezinja eziningi impilo yami ende. Futhi ngingasho into eyodwa kuphela: uma uthola inja, mthande futhi konke kuzoba okuphindwe kayikhulu. Njalo ekuseni ufika egumbini lokulala ezobingelela, ahlikihle impumulo yakhe, abuke emehlweni akhe, bese sihamba siyogeza amehlo, impumulo, hlanganisa izinwele zakho, futhi lapho ngigula wenqaba ukudla futhi walala embhedeni. Futhi ngakho-ke ungabhala inoveli ephelele. Lapho phansi kugezwa, igama elilodwa elithi "Bayeke" liye kwenye indawo.
Yebo, nanka umbuzo mayelana nomoya wezinja usifanele thina. Sihlela ukuthuthela endlini yethu futhi indodana yethu ifuna umalusi waseJalimane. Futhi ngifuna ukuphepha nomngane). Kepha konke lokhu kungenzeka kulele emahlombe endoda. Kepha lapha umoya we-psyche uyanginqanda mina nomyeni wami. Mhlawumbe kunezindlela ezithile - ama-shampoos, ama-deodorants, noma vele uthathe ...
Uma uthanda inja, thanda iphunga layo. Kukhona nezifundo zakwamanye amazwe kule ndaba. Ngokwazi kwami engingakutshela khona: umama wami wakhuluma ngenja yethu (isizalo esiyimbumbulu) ukuthi "unuka ngathi yinja" evela kuye, kepha angiqondanga ukuthi leli phunga lingathandwa kanjani! Ngemuva kwemvula noma ukugeza, imvamisa ngangizama ukungasondeli inja ize ikhule! Kepha le nja bekuyinja eyintandokazi kamama wami, ungibonile njengomntwana nelungu lomndeni, kodwa akusekho okunye. Sekudlule iminyaka eminingi futhi manje njalo kusihlwa nganga u-Eva wami othandekayo (umnyama omnyama, obukeka njengeBUT encane), ngingcwaba ikhala lami, futhi kwesinye isikhathi unobuso bakhe bonke ezinweleni zakhe futhi ngiyazi ukuthi iphunga lakhe - iphunga lenja yakhe ayithandayo - yiphunga elihle kunawo wonke emhlabeni!
Umama wami wayenenja, umalusi waseJalimane, wayengumdlwana opholile njengengane, wayehlala emoyizela umama wakhe kwakumnandi kakhulu naye, kepha kwathi lapho ethuka wabamba izingane ngezinyawo zabo bonke, wamluma ngokuthiwa nguGraf. Kepha wacishe wabulala u-5-6 ingane yasehlobo kwathi ngemuva kwalokho omakhelwane bafaka ubuthi u-Earl futhi unkulunkulukazi akakwazanga ukusindisa u-Earl futhi washona ((((ngineminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ubudala ngifuna ukuba nomJalimane, ngihlala efulethini futhi sifuna ukuzala amaJalimane, ubaba wami wayehlala ebuntwaneni Umelusi waseJalimane ongumelusi ushonele endaweni ethile ezinyangeni ezi-2-2 kusuka kulesi sifo ugogo wami wamhawukela ugogo wami wanikeza owenhlamba wanikeza uRisey isinkwa, yize ngifunda endaweni efanayo ukuthi abelusi ngeke banikeze isinkwa, akagaywa ngokuphelele. Ngiyazi ukuthi amaJalimane angumhlobo onomthwalo wemfanelo, kodwa ngiyazi ukuthi ngiyakwazi ukuwuthwala. Ngisiza ugogo wami ukuba anakekele izinja Indoda yakhe yaseSiberia yaseSiberia isanda kumthengela uLabrador Nika oneminyaka engu-7 ubudala yayineminyaka engu-5 ubudala kanti yayingu-Earl futhi muva nje unkulunkulukazi wagxilisa inja wayegula kakhuluUJesse, wayeneminyaka eyi-11, ungumuntu we-labrador futhi unkulunkulukazi wabazala, naye uSiamese Chip oneminyaka engu-14 uhlala nonkulunkulukazi kanye nomyeni kamama wakhe, unkulunkulu uhlala nabo, bahlala ekhishini futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngiya kuye, yena ubele ama-kittens kittens ngemuva kwabo. Futhi abazali bomngane wami baphila dachshund Tina, uneminyaka engu 7. Ngibuye ngidlale futhi nginakekele nabo bonke abantu engibanakekelayo, abanikazi balezi zilwane bayangincoma, futhi mayelana nokushiwo izinja ezingenhla, uLyme, engimfundise izinyanga eziyisikhombisa, ukuhlala, futhi ,, ukuqamba amanga. Ngokuvamile, ngikulungele ukuthola inja.
Isicaphuna esingumlando
Okhokho benzalo kwakuyimpisi yaseNdiya nenja yasendle. Ezikhathini zasendulo, izinja ezingabelusi zazibizwa ngokuthi "zethusi" ukuhlonipha okhokho babo baseJalimane. Izinhlobo zalithola igama lazo lesimanje ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuyinhloko - amadlelo ezinkomo amancane.
Kakade ngekhulu le-XVI. abadwebi babonisa lezi zinja kumatshana abo. Ababhali bezindaba bakhulume ngezilwane ezinesibindi nezisheshayo emibhalweni yesandla.
Imidlwane yokuzalusa yomelusi waseJalimane yaqala ukuhlanganyela eWürttemberg naseThuringia. Ukunakwa okuyinhloko kwanikezwa ekukhetheni abantu bezimpawu zokuvikela. Isikhathi eside, abafuyi bezinkomo abakwazanga ukuletha ukubukeka kwezinja ezifisweni.
Ngokokuqala ngqa, kwavezwa umalusi waseJalimane embukisweni wamazwe omhlaba eHanover ngonyaka we-1882. Ngemuva kwalokho i-FCI yashicilela imithetho encazelweni yohlobo lwayo nomlingiswa wayo.
Ngo-1890, amakilabhu abalandeli balolu hlobo lokuzalwa aqala ukubhalisa. Ngemuva kwalokho amaJalimane azuza udumo emhlabeni.
Izinja ezingabelusi zalethwa eRussia ngonyaka we-1904. Umsebenzi wazo bekuwukusebenzela amaphoyisa. Izinja "esethathe umhlalaphansi" zazisele zodwa yimindeni yezempi. Yaqala kanjalo-ke impilo ehlangene yamaJalimani phakathi kwezakhamizi zaseRussia.
Izindinganiso zokuzalela
Amapharamitha wabelusi baseJalimane abafuthiwe ahlukile kancane kuzidingo zakudala ze-International Association of Cynologists. Cabanga ngezimpawu eziphambili zangaphandle:
- Ukuphakama - 60-65 cm lapho ibuna,
- Isisindo - kuze kufike ku-25 kg.
- Ikhanda - osayizi abaphakathi noma abakhulu. Izindlebe ziphakeme, zikhomba phezulu. Isilinganiso (isakhiwo) se-muzzle nogebhezi ngu-1: 1,
- Amehlo setha ngokuvumelanayo, ngokujulile. Umbala weHazel,
- Impumulo iqonde, iqonde. I-lobe imnyama, imanzi,
- Amazinyo. Ibanga eligcwele. Ukuluma isikhafu. Imihlathi inamandla
- Ntamo bushelelezi. Imisipha ithuthukisiwe,
- Isifuba omkhulu, ogobile,
- Umsila usayizi ophakathi. Yehliselwe phansi,
- Torso uqine, ulungile.
Kuzohlobo, ukubukeka kuphela kuyaziswa. Inja yaseJalimane kumele ihlukaniswe ngamandla ayo, ukukhuthazela nokungathobeki kuzinguquko zokushisa. Umelusi uqeqeshwa kahle, usheshe futhi uhlaziye kahle isimo futhi enze izinqumo.
Izinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zalezi zinja. Ezweni ngalinye, abafuyi bokwethula ama-subtypes amasha. Ngokwesiko, lohlobo luhlukaniswe ngale migqa elandelayo:
- Thoroughbred from West Germany,
- Izinja zokwalusa ezisebenza eJalimane,
- Empumalanga
- IsiCzech (iSlovak),
- WaseMelika
- IsiNgisi
- Swiss
Kuyaqabukela, kutholakala ukuthi kunamanzi amancane, afiphele, anezinwele ezibushelelezi. Kepha lokhu kungukungajwayelekile kofuzo noma ukwephulwa kokuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine.
- Mnyama . Izinhlobonhlobo ezingavamile. Bangama-5% kuphela abantu emhlabeni abanalo mbala wejazi. Abathandi bomalusi baseJalimane bazingela inja elite. Izinja zimelwe emibukisweni nakwimibukiso,
- Mnyama nge-tan esifubeni, esiswini nasemilenzeni,
- Sonar . Ngokwehlukana, izinwele ngakunye zinombala ngamasongo akhanyayo noma amnyama,
- Amehlo amnyama . Umhlane umnyama ngokuphelele. Amabele, isifuba, isisu ngokubomvu, ukolweni, grey, ushokoledi
- Okumhlophe . Ama-Blondes abonakala eMelika naseCanada. Uhlobo olukhethekile lokutholwa kwesizathu luyimbangela yombala onqabile,
- Kubomvu . Kubhekwa njengokuphambuka kokujwayelekile. Awehlukeki kubalingiswa nomsebenzi wokusebenza kusuka kwabalingani bakudala,
- Grey . Umbala ongaziwa namanje.
Abelusi baseJalimane bayizilwane ezinezinwele ezimfishane. Izinwele ziqinile, ziqinile, zihlanganiswe ngokuqinile emzimbeni. Entanyeni, imilenze yangemuva futhi umsila "ingubo" enkulu.
Ngaphambi kokuletha ekhaya ilungu lomndeni elisha, udinga ukukhetha indawo yakhe.Awukwazi ukuhlela “umbhede” wombungu waseJalimane uMelusi eduze kwewindi noma umnyango. Okusalungiswa njalo kuzothinta kabi impilo.
Isilwane esifuywayo akufanele silale phansi. Kuzoba ngcono futhi kufudumele embhedeni wezinsiba noma kumatilasi. Ngaphezulu udinga ukubeka indwangu futhi uyishintshe njengoba iba ngcolile.
Abadala, abelusi baseJalimane baba abade, cishe iminyaka emi-3. Sonke lesi sikhathi, inja ibhekwa njengenganyana ebusheni futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngenxa yokuthomba nezici zokuthuthuka, isilwane kufanele sihlanzwe kaningi. Futhi vakashela i-vet njalo.
Inganyana yanyanga zonke yomelusi waseJalimane, lapho isendaweni entsha, ingakhala futhi ikhathazeke ngokuhlukaniswa nonina nabafowabo babahlengikazi. Kumele ivuselelwe ngamazwi ahlabayo nangomusa. Awukwazi ukumvalela egumbini elimnyama futhi ungazinaki izicelo zenkampani. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungadala ukukhathazeka kwengqondo kuthandi elincane laseJalimane.
Indlu yangasese kungenzeka ibe sekhaya okokuqala. Ukugcizelela umkhuba wokuhlangabezana nezidingo emgwaqweni kufanele kube kancane. Isibonelo, ngenyanga yokuqala umdlwane waseJalimane uMelusi wenza lokhu ngemuva kokudla okukhulu. Kusekuseni, cishe akakwazi ukubekezelela kuze kube yilapho umniniyo egqoka futhi amkhulule. Ekuqaleni, ungenza isivumelwano, kodwa kaningi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uzojwayela.
Ukuba ngumzali nokuqeqeshwa
Ukukhishwa okuqinile kwanoma imiphi imiyalo, isiyalo, amandla nokulalela kuyizimfanelo ezifuywayo ekuzaleni kwabelusi baseJalimane. Ngenxa yokuqina kwengqondo nokuqina, kulula ukuqeqesha izinja. Kungaphansi kwamandla wentsha noma inkosi ekhaya.
Kubalulekile ukusungula ukuxhumana nesilwane ngokushesha nje lapho evele efulethini. Okuzosiza emfundweni yakuqala. Izinja ezingamalusi zihlakaniphe kakhulu. Kibo, into esemqoka ukuthi baqonde ngokucacile izidingo zomzala. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuphindaphindwa kwemiyalo elula.
AmaJalimane akufanele ajeziswe uma icala lawo lingabalulekanga ngokwanele. Akunconywa ukuthi uthukuthele futhi uthobise isilwane. Banenkumbulo enhle. Izenzo ezinjalo zingavusa ukungathembeki kumnikazi kanye nokuvinjwa kwengqondo.
Sekungamashumi eminyaka abafuyi bekhetha abantu abahle kakhulu. Amandla namathuba abelusi baseJalimane awanamkhawulo.
Naphezu kokulalela nokubonakala kuzolile, izinja zomelusi zaseJalimane zinolaka. Uma ungatshali imali eyanele namandla emfundweni, khona-ke inja izophenduka i-wolfhound yangempela engalawulwa.
Isilwane esingumalusi saseJalimane kufanele sithembele kumnikazi waso. Ukufeza lokhu, sebenzisa izinkuthazo ngendlela yokushaywa, ukudumisa nokuphatha izinja. Ngakho-ke, ezinezinyawo ezine ziyohlala kumuntu futhi zixhumana.
Lapho uthenga imidlwane yomelusi waseJalimane ukuze ngokuzayo abe ngunogada ekhaya noma umqaphi wezingane, kufanelekile ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zokuphatha izinja eziqeqeshiwe. Akumahhala, kepha umphumela ngeke ube isikhathi eside esizayo.
Umsoco
Ukwenza imenyu kunzima ekuqaleni kuphela. Lapho umzimba wethanga elibuthakathaka laseJalimane ligayishwa kahle futhi linemvelaphi engazinzile. Ngobudala, umnikazi wokunaka uyazi ukuthi angasondla kanjani isilwane.
Abaphathi bezinja bancoma Izinkombandlela ezilandelayo zamaJalimane aKondlayo (iphesenti lezinto kanye nevolumu yento eyodwa ekhonzayo):
- Amaprotheni - 70%. Inyama ngaphandle kwesikhumba, amathambo. Ushizi wasekhishini, iqanda lenkukhu, isaphulelo,
- Ama-carbohydrate - 40%. Iphalishi, imifino, izithelo,
- Amafutha - 20-40%.
Kwenqatshelwe ukweqisa amaJalimane ngamaprotheni (inyama). Ukudla kufanele kube nokulinganisela.
Umelusi wezinyane elondlayo ngokwesikimu (Uhlobo lokudla: okwemvelo noma okomile, aluthinti isilinganiso):
- Izinyanga eziyi-1-2 - ingilazi engu-1 yokudla okungu-6,
- 2-3 - 1.5 izinkomishi ze-5 ave.,
- 3-6 - 1 ilitha ku-4 ave.,
- 6-12 - 1.5 litre nge-3 ave.
Eminyakeni engu-1 ubudala, umelusi waseJalimane udla nge-par nabantu abadala - amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungasebenzisi ngokweqile inja ekhulayo yaseJalimane. Lokhu kungaholela ezifweni zokukhuluphala kanye nezifo ezihlanganayo.
Ukudla kwezingane okwenziwe kahle kuzobeka isisekelo sempilo esizayo.Uma umzimba uthola inani elanele lezinto zokulandela umkhondo ebuntwaneni, inja Yomalusi WaseGerman izobukeka futhi izizwe imnandi.
Ukondleka kwemvelo
Ukukhetha kuyinto emifushane. Imikhiqizo efanele inja iyathengiswa. Izindleko zabo ngeke zonakalise isabelozimali esingesihle.
Ukudla okusebenzayo "kubhasikidi" woMelusi waseJalimane:
- Ingulube ebunjiwe, inyama yenkomo, inkukhu, ikhukhu, ihansi,
- I-Offal (inhliziyo, isisu). Isibindi esingajwayelekile nezinso
- Iqanda lezinyoni zonke
- Izinhlanzi ezinamafutha amancane
- I-curd
- Ama-groats (ama-buckwheat, i-oats, ilayisi, ibhali),
- Amazambane, iklabishi (eminye imifino nezithelo ngesicelo senja).
Khipha ekudleni:
- Amathambo
- Amasoseji, amasoseji, amasoseji,
- Ubhontshisi
- Ubisi, i-semolina, iphalishi lommbila,
- I-pasta nesinkwa namanye ama-pastry,
- Amaswidi (amaswidi, amakhekhe, namakhekhe, ushokoledi),
- Amagilebhisi, amantongomane (ama-walnuts, ama-pistachios), omisiwe.
Lapho upheka amaJalimane anemilenze emine, kwenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa izithako, izinongo nezinye izithuthukisi ezinambitha. Ngisho nemvelaphi yemvelo.
Amaphakethe okudla okwenziwe ngomumo athengiswa ezitolo zezilwane. Konke kulula lapha. Kwiphakheji kubhalwe isisindo senja nobudala. Amanani okusebenza kokukhonzwa nawo akhonjisiwe.
Inzuzo yokudla owomile ukuthi ochwepheshe sebevele babalile futhi bakubeka ngendlela ejwayelekile, okudliwa yinja yaseJalimane ngosuku. Akunasidingo sokunikeza izakhiwo ezengeziwe zamavithamini namaminerali. Bafakiwe.
Ukuphela kwento okudingeka uyinake isikhathi sokukhiqiza nosuku lokukhiqiza. Ukwelapha isilwane ngokubambezeleka akufani nemiphumela yempilo kuphela, kepha nokuphila kwesilwane esifuywayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukudla okomile kuphelele uma ungenaso isikhathi sokupheka.
Izifo
Isilwane esiphilile siyasebenza futhi simnandi. Kepha uma inja isikhathi eside ilele ekhoneni lekamelo, ikhala futhi yenqaba ukudla, yagula. Cabanga ngezimpawu zokuqala:
- Ikhala elifudumele, elomile. Isiginali sokuqala ukuthi usizo lochwepheshe lubalulekile. Ngaphandle kokuthi isilwane sisanda kubola noma sekube isikhathi eside elangeni,
- Ukubuyisela i-hairline ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba,
- Ukubukeka okusobala. Inja ihlala ekhoneni lekamelo, ayidlali, ayiphenduli,
- Isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa, ukugabha,
- Ubomvu ezindlebeni nasezandleni
- Ukwenqatshelwa kokudla.
Uma ezinye izinto ezingenhla zivela, udinga ukuhola umalusi emtholampilo wezilwane ngokushesha.
- Isifo se-carnivores
- I-Leptospirosis,
- Amarabi,
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane langaphandle
- Izifo zamehlo
- IHemophilia
- I-Panostitis
- Isithuthwane
Uma ufuna usizo lwezokwelashwa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, ungaselapha ngokuphelele lesi sifo. Andise impilo yesilwane esifuywayo.
Abelusi baseJalimane bafinyelela, ngokwesilinganiso, iminyaka engu-13 ubudala. Iminyaka emingaki umuntu onemilenze emine ezojabulisa inkosi yakhe incike ekondlekeni, ekunakekelweni nasempilweni. Inja yomelusi yaseJalimane, noma ikhulile, kufanele izizwe ijabule futhi ijabule.
Umelusi waseGerman usenesikhathi eside eyiwina inhlonipho yabafuyi bezothando nothando lomndeni. Inja ingumqaphi omuhle kakhulu wefa, umgcini wengane, umngani nomngane.
Izici kanye Nencazelo
Lapho sizwa «Umelusi waseGerman», into yokuqala efika engqondweni ukuzinikela, ukukhuthazela kanye nesibindi. Izinhlangano ezinjengalezi zihambelana ngqo nenjongo yangempela. Abamele lo mfutho badlulela esigabeni eside ekubumbeni. Basho ukuthi inzalo yabo kwakuyizimpisi zamahlathi.
UMax Emil wayeyindoda ebibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni inja esebenzisekayo nenhle ngekhulu le-19. Ngaphambi kokuba kuzimele lowo ozimele wanamuhla, lo mfuki weqa abelusi abaningi abadumile phakathi kwabo.
Umphumela wokuhlolwa okunjalo kwakuyinja enekhono elihle lokusebenza, kodwa ukubukeka okungathandeki. Ukukhetha kuyaqhubeka. Ekupheleni kwalelikhulu leminyaka umhlaba wajwayelana nenja ethembekile, eqinile futhi enhle kakhulu.
Iqiniso elihehayo! Cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalela, umalusi waseJalimane waba uphawu lwesizwe lwaseJalimane.
Ummeleli wohlobo lokuzalwa unemvelo yonke.Kungaxhashazwa ngumuntu njengonogada, unogada, unogada, umhlahlandlela, umelusi nomngane othembekile nje. Ubhekana kahle nalezi zinhlobo "zomsebenzi" ezinjalo.
Uhlukaniswa ngumthwalo wemfanelo nothando ngabantu. Uma ujwayele umuntu, awusoze wamkhaphela noma umshiye enkingeni. Anganikela ngokuphila kwakhe ukuvikela yena. Ngisho nezikhali azesabi. Inja enjalo ibukhali futhi iyaqapha. Ngeke neze ihlasele indoda ngaphandle kwesizathu, kodwa uma ibonakala iyingozi kuye, izokuhlasela. Uhlakaniphe kakhulu, okwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezizimele.
Isici esiyinhloko sesilwane ukuba khona komqondo ojulile wobulungiswa. Naphezu kokubukeka okufana nempi, isengozini kakhulu futhi inothando. Ufuna ukukhonza umuntu ngokweqiniso, kepha ukubuyisa kudinga ukunakwa nokunakekelwa okuningi. Ukungamnaki kuyamphatha kabi kakhulu.
Isethi enjalo yezimpawu ezisemthethweni nezengqondo zenja yasebenza njengesizathu sokusebenza kwayo kumasiko. Unephunga elihle kakhulu, ukubuka okuhle nokuzibophezela. Konke lokhu kusiza ukukhomba umuntu okonile ngokushesha, mhlawumbe ngisho nomthengisi wezidakamizwa.
Imvelo ayizange incishe inja yobuciko. UMelusi waseJalimane ubamba iqhaza njalo ekudutshulweni kwezikhangiso zokudla owomile, amabala, izibhedlela zezilwane, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umenyiwe futhi ukuthi avele emibonisweni ye-TV nakumafilimu. Emakhathuni, kufanekisela isibindi nesibindi. Izingane ziyayithanda le nja, ngoba inobungane nabo. Ihlala ifaka ukuzethemba, okwaziyo ukuthandwa. Thintana kakhulu.
Okujwayelekile
Inja yomalusi waseJalimane kubhekiselwa kokuphakathi ngosayizi nesisindo. Umzimba wayo uphakeme, futhi ithambo lome. Ukuphakama kubuna - kusuka ku-59 kuye ku-65 cm, isisindo - kusuka ku-32 cishe ngama-38 kg. Isisindo sabesilisa abathile abakhulu sifinyelela ku-40-42 kg, lokhu akubhekwa njengokuphambukayo.
Inika umbono wesilo esinamandla. Imisipha corset ithuthukiswe kakhulu. Ezinjeni zomelusi zaseJalimane ezingcolile, ingxenye engezansi yomzimba kufanele ifakwe emhlabathini. Lesi sici sangaphandle sabo. Iqiniso ngukuthi imilenze yangemuva kwenja yinde, kanti eyangaphambili imfushane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubonakala sengathi ubadonsela phansi emhlabathini. Imisipha yezinja yenja iqinile kakhulu. I-cartilage eqinile yamathambo itholakala endaweni efanayo.
Amathiphu we-paws anamapads amnyama anzima. Amacala aphakathi ngobude, amnyama. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zigaya phansi, ikakhulukazi uma isilwane sihamba kakhulu. Isifuba sichazwe kahle, isisu asinalutho. Umsila mude, ufinyelela emhlabathini. Lapho inja izolile, iyalenga, kuthi lapho ijabule, inyukele ezingeni lomhlane ophansi.
Umalusi unekhanda elikhulu kunalokho, ukwakheka kwesigebhezi kuyindilinga. Ibunzi elichazwe kahle. Ibanga phakathi kwezindlebe alikho banzi. Amehlo ayindilinga, anombala onsundu okhanyayo. Kukhona eyelashes amnyama amnyama. Ikhala likhulu, limnyama.
Kubalulekile! Umelusi waseJalimane onobuso obukhulu ebusweni kufanele abe nezimvukuzane ezi-5: ezi-4 esihlathini futhi eyodwa entanyeni (endaweni yomphimbo).
Ijazi lezinja ezinjalo lingaba lide, lifushane noma liphakathi ngobude. Kepha ziqondise ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kukhona undercoat ewugqinsi. Esihlakaleni, imilenze nesisu, uboya bufushane, kepha ku-sternum, emuva buyabuna - okude kakhulu. Kunemibala eminingi:
- Okumnyama.
- I-Zonar.
- Umsulwa omnyama.
- Umhlophe omsulwa.
- Ubomvu grey.
- Mpunga omhlophe.
Impela Umelusi waseJalimane osesithombeni ezimweni eziningi kuboniswa njengamnyama. Lo mbala wejazi lakhe uvame kakhulu. Kuyaqabukela kakhulu ukuthola omhlophe omhlophe noma omnyama wohlobo lokuzalela. Ingemuva lenja enamehlo amnyama, kanjalo nengxenye engenhla yomsila wayo nesiqephu se-muzzle. Kukhona amamaki amnyama esihlathini senja. Kukhona uboya obumhlophe obucekeceke ethangeni elingaphansi. Ngendlela, imidlwane yokwalusa izalwa imnyama, ilula eduze kwezinyanga ezi-4.
Isimilo
Labo ababengabanikazi beGerman Shepherd Inja akuvamile ukuba bafuye ezinye izinhlobo. Kukhona incazelo yalokhu. Iqiniso ngukuthi omele lokhu kuzalanisa akusebenzi kahle kuphela, kodwa futhi uhlakaniphe kakhulu. Amakhono akhe obuhlakani ayamangaza.
Le nja ihlala iqonda isimo somnikazi wayo, futhi nayo ingazijwayeza yona. Kufundiswe kahle, kepha kuyahlukahlukana. Yonke inja ehlakaniphile idinga ukukhuliswa okufanele futhi okungaguquguquki.
Uma ungamfundisi imithetho yokuziphatha kusuka ebuntwaneni, uzothukuthela futhi kube nzima ukuphatha. Umelusi waseJalimane uzethemba kakhulu, uyazi ukuthi uhlakaniphile futhi unamandla, futhi ngenxa yalokho uvame ukuzithiba. Ziqhayise ngokwanele, zithambekele ekuzimeleni. Kepha, naphezu kwakho konke ukushiyeka lokhu - thanda futhi unesibopho.
Uthando lommeleli wohlobo lwabanikazi bawo alunamkhawulo. Ugcwala injabulo lapho ebabuka. Lapho isilwane somndeni noma siqabana inja - uyajabula. Akalokothi eqe imizwa, afune ukubonisa kubantu bakhe abathandayo uthando nobubele bakhe. Empilweni yansuku zonke - unothando kakhulu. Ungahlala eduze kwabantu amahora amaningi. Isizungu noma isizungu asithandi. Ukulungiselela ukuba yisizinda sokunakwa.
Ngokwemvelo, anamandla futhi aqine. Ithambekele ekuncintisaneni, ngoba iyakwazi ukubaluleka kwayo, ingaphonsela inselelo ophikisayo. Ukuze ukunakwa nothando lomnikazi lilungele ukulwa nganoma iyiphi indlela. Uma ethola enye inja, umalusi uzoqala ukuyiphakamisa, mhlawumbe aze ayilume. Kubalulekile ukuyinaka ngesikhathi futhi uguqule nokuziphatha kwayo.
Kuyiphutha ukucabanga ukuthi ummeleli walolu hlobo lokuzalwa usilwane esifuywayo “esisebenza” kuphela. Yebo, uyowugada ngokwethembeka umkhaya nensimu abahlala kuyo bonke, kodwa lokhu akumvimbeli ekuboniseni isisa nothando. Kuhle ukubuka inja enkulu yokuqapha iwele iqonde emhlane wayo phambi komuntu, imnikeza ukuba ayizikhulule.
Qaphela! Lapho inja isabalalisa isisu sayo, ikukhombisa ukuthi uyakwethemba. Le ngxenye yomzimba wakhe isengozini kakhulu, ngakho-ke, eyikhombisa, uthi: "Ndoda, angesabi, kepha ngiyakuthanda, ungangilambisa."
Ngenxa yeqoqo eligcwele lezimpawu ezinhle zomlingiswa, uMelusi waseJalimane uyinja efanelekile yomndeni. Usebenzela umndeni wakhe ngokwethembeka, unakekela izingane ngokufanelekile, uthanda ukudlala futhi ujabule. Kepha ungalindeli ukuthi inja enjalo izokuba nobungane nawo wonke umuntu, ikakhulukazi nomuntu angayazi.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi, okokuqala, yinja yokuqapha evikela futhi ivikele amalungu omhlambi wayo. Ukumfundisa ukuqapha akufanele, njengoba naye azi futhi ezizwa ukuthi angakwenza kanjani.
Kungakho umalusi waseJalimane ezwakalisa ulaka kuye wonke umuntu emi ngaphandle kwendawo yakhe. Kepha, uma umniniyo evela futhi ebingelela isivakashi, isimo senja kuye siyashintsha ngokushesha.
Uzoqonda ukuthi uma umniniyo enobungane nomuntu angamaziyo, ngakho-ke akaba songo. Njalo kuncika kuye, kepha kwesinye isikhathi uba nenkani futhi azinqume ngokwakhe. Ngokwemvelo - onesihe. Vikela labo ababuthakathaka kunaye. Ungalokothi uhlanganyele engxabanweni ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ifuna ukwamukelwa komsingathi. Uyayithanda imidlalo nemisebenzi yangaphandle.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
Umalusi waseJalimane udinga kakhulu ukucindezelwa. Unamandla, kepha angancipha uma engaqeqeshwa njalo. Inja iyakuthanda ukugijima isiphambano noma i-sprint. Ungahlala endlini nasendlini efulethini. Kepha, khumbula ukuthi udinga ukuhamba naye ngaphandle kwendlu kaningi.
Kulula kakhulu kulabo abahlala endlini yangasese. Inja ekhetha imisebenzi yangaphandle yinhle ukuhlala emgaqweni. Kwakungcono alale edokodweni. Ebusika, angafakwa ngotshani noma ukotini. Ungesabi ukuthi isilwane sakho sizokubamba umkhuhlane. Une undercoat emnyama kakhulu, efudumele kahle. By the way, ehlobo ukhuthele.
Beka "iJalimane" kuketanga akunconywa. Lokhu kuyinja ehlakaniphile kakhulu futhi eqinile, edinga ukunikezwa inkululeko yokuhamba. Futhi, asincomi ukuyikhiya kwi-aviary isikhathi eside. Vele, kungcono ukuthi isilwane sihlale lapho uma kunenqwaba yabantu egcekeni. Mfundise kwezindiza ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuthandana.
Uboya bezinja bukhulu kakhulu, bungabanjwa, ngakho-ke budinga ukubhejwa njalo. Ungayithengela ikamo elihlukile. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kufanele ihlanzwe ngotshwala ukuze ukhiphe amagciwane. Uma okhalweni lwezilwane zakho zinezingubo ezinde kakhulu, khona-ke ehlobo kungcono ukusisika. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kuzobanjiswa futhi kungcoliswe.
Ukugeza inja enjalo kaningi kuyaphoxeka kakhulu. Kuyalulekwa ukwenza lokhu njengoba kungcoliswa, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu kwezikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka. Isikhathi esihle sonyaka sokubhukuda ihlobo. Inja kumele ifakwe inhlabathi, inhlabathi futhi ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Naye uqobo uzonyakazisa amanzi ngokweqile futhi aqale ukunyakaza, okuzomvumela ukuthi ome ngokushesha.
Uma uphoqelelwa ukuba ufeze le nqubo efulethini, kuyomelwe uyesule ngethawula. Uma izinja zezinja zikhula ngokushesha kakhulu, kuzofanele zinqunywe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uzoqala ukuzilimaza lapho eyogeza noma elungisa.
Udinga nokunakekela amazinyo wesilwane. I-plaque izokwakheka phezu kobuso bayo, kulula ukuyikhipha ngebhulashi lomuntu ukuxubha amazinyo akho. Izindlebe ezinkulu zisulwa ngoboya bekotini kusuka ngaphakathi ukuze zisuse isibabule. Well, umzuzu wokugcina - ukugeza. Uma ubona ukuthambisa emehlweni ale inja, sula ubuso bayo ngendwangu emanzi bese uyihlanza ngamanzi.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Unogada othembekile, umngani weqiniso futhi isilwane esihle nje - konke lokhu kuchaza uMelusi waseJalimane ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Uhlala kusuka eminyakeni eyi-12 kuye kweyi-14, kepha unakekelwa kuphela kahle. Abafuyi abahlela ukuzalanisa izinja ezinjalo nje kufanele bazi kahle izinga labo. Kuyinto efiselekayo futhi ukunciphisa abantu abanombala owodwa. Kulokhu kuphela lapho kungenzeka ukhule inzalo enembile ngayo yonke ingqondo.
Owesilisa angaba ngeminyaka efanayo neyowesifazane; into esemqoka ukuthi ngamunye wabo abe mdala kuneminyaka eyi-1.5. Akusizi ukuba nezinja ezindala kuneminyaka engu-7 ubudala. Umzali ngamunye ongaba khona kufanele abe ozinzile ngokwengqondo futhi azale kakhulu.
Bazungeze emkhakheni wesilisa. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi se-estrus bitch. Uma ekhulelwa, khona-ke ngezinsuku ezingama-8-10 ngemuva kokukhulelwa, isisu sakhe siyobonakala ngokuningana. Ungalinda imidlwane ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-70 (kanye nezinsuku ezingama-3).
Uma ufuna ukuba ngumnikazi wenye yezinja ezaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni, sincoma ukuthi umlandele aye e-kennel. Cha, akudingekile ukuya eJalimane, kukhona “amaJalimane” azalaniswa cishe kunoma yiliphi izwe emhlabeni, kufaka phakathi iRussia. Intengo yomalusi waseJalimane kusuka enkulisa - kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15 kuye kwangama-25. Kuya ngeminyaka yomdlwane, kanye nasekuthobeleni kwawo indinganiso.
Izindleko zabafuyi bezinkampani zangasese ziphansi (kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyisithupha kuya kwezingu-12). Uma ungadingi ukuhambisana okugcwele nokwejwayelekile kwezinhlobo zezinja nezinja zemvelo, sincoma ukulondolozwa nokusebenzisa izinsizakalo zabo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga, qiniseka ukuthi uthakazelela ukugoma enikezwe umdlwane.
Ezemfundo nokuqeqeshwa
Ake siqale ngento esemqoka, uma ufuna ukuletha “umJalimani” ophumelelayo emisebenzini nakwezenhlalo, bese ulungela iqiniso lokuthi kuzofanela aqeqeshe isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kwakhe. Kukholelwa ukuthi inja esebenzayo iphumelela ngokwengeziwe uma ikhuliswa ngumuntu ongu-1. Ngendlela, nguyena obonwa nguye njengomnikazi.
Kuyadingeka ukwakha ubudlelwane bendawo nokuthembela kuye. Kumele aqonde ukuthi usesimweni esingaphansi. Akunakwenzeka ukuthola igunya lenja yenkonzo ngenkani. Udinga ukufakazela ubukhulu bakho kuye ngokomuntu. Mfundise imithetho yokuziphatha endlini, angaguquguquki, angaholeli futhi angavumeli ukwehla ngokungazweli.
Lapho uletha umdlwane ekhaya lakho, kunconywa ukuthi umnikeze ithuba lokuhlola indawo. Kubalulekile ukuthi ahlwithe wonke amakhona. Ngakho-ke uzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha zokuboshwa. Lawula le nqubo. Ungavumeli ingane yesabe ngokuthile, kulokhu - mlandele. Isibonelo, ungathatha umdlwane ezingalweni zakho noma ugobe ukuze ulishaye.
Fundisa amaqembu kusenesikhathi, isonto ngemuva kokuhlalisana ekhaya. Ummeleli wohlobo lokuzalela nakanjani awunqotshwa ubuhlakani, ngakho-ke ngokushesha nangempumelelo ufunda izinto ezintsha. Ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kwamaqembu akudala, ungakhohlwa ukumphatha ngokuthile okumnandi njengomvuzo. Ungamvumeli ukuba asebenze ngokweqile. Uma inja idinwa njalo, iyokwakha isimo esingesihle ngokuqeqeshwa.
Iphuzu elilandelayo elibalulekile ukuqeqeshwa ngokuvuza. Khumbula, ukuvuza kuyinto ukuxhumana phakathi kwakho nesilwane sakho sasekhaya. Kufanele afunde ukuhamba eduze komnikazi futhi angaphazanyiswa nxazonke. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka ikholaji esilwaneni, lungisa i-leash kanye nesitimela ukuze uhambe ndawonye eduze kwendlu. Gwema ukuhlangana nezinye izinja.
Umthetho obalulekile! Ungalokothi uphume ngaphandle nomalusi waseJalimane aze afike ekuphumuleni. Ungahlala naye eduze komnyango wangaphambili imizuzu eminingana, ulinde kuze kufike izinga lentokozo yakhe.
Futhi, ukuthuthukiswa kokwakheka komalusi, okubizwa ngokuthi ukulwa kokudla, akumele kuvunyelwe. Le nto ifaka ukubonakaliswa kwentukuthelo yenja ngesikhathi sokudla. Ezinye izinja zenkonzo ngakho-ke zizama ukuvikela ukudla kwazo ekwebiweni.
Kepha, omele lohlobo kufanele athembeke kumalungu omndeni. Ukuvimbela okulula kobudlova bokudla - inja encane idinga ukuklanywa ngenkathi idla. Ngakho-ke uzojwayela ukuthi kunabantu abanomusa eduzane, ongasuki kuye usongo futhi uzodla ngokuthula phambi kwabo.
Izifo ezingenzeka nezindlela zokwelashwa kwazo
Awukwazi ukubiza uMelusi WaseJalimane njengenja ebuthakathaka futhi ebuhlungu, kepha kunezici ezithile ezingahle zimthuse impilo. Okuyinhloko ukungondleki. Uma isilwane sakho silala kakhulu, kuvame ukwehlisa isithunzi futhi senqabe ukudla - lesi yi-alamu. Ukumba kwakhe kungenzeka kuphazamisekile.
Inja egulayo kufanele iyiswe emtholampilo wezilwane futhi ikhonjiswe kuchwepheshe. Ezimweni eziningi, ukungasebenzi kokugaya izinja kuphathwa nge-sorbyts. Udokotela wezilwane uzowunikeza umuthi futhi awuqonde umgomo. Unganikeza izinyamazane isilwane sakho ekhaya.
Cishe bonke abelusi baseJalimane banesici sofuzo - ukuhlangana okubuthakathaka kwamalunga emilenzeni. Lapho inja ingalimali, i-pathology ayizivezi nganoma iyiphi indlela, kepha uma iwa, ngokwesibonelo, eqhweni, izolimaza kalula ilunga. Ama-painkiller azosiza isilwane.
Umelusi waseJalimane akagcini ngokuba ngumgcini ongesabi womzimba kuphela, kodwa futhi ungumngane othembekile nothandekayo. Uzohlale esiza abantu abamthandayo futhi ngeke abashiye ngenkululeko yakhe yokuzikhethela.
Ividiyo
* Siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo emayelana nokuzalela Umelusi waseJalimane. Eqinisweni, unohlu lwadlalwayo lapho ungakhetha khona futhi ubuke noma yimaphi amavidiyo angama-20 ngalokhu kuzalaniswa kwezinja, ngokumane uchofoza inkinobho ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokudla sewindi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okusetshenziswayo kunezithombe eziningi. Ngokuwabheka ungathola ukuthi uMelusi waseJalimane ubukeka kanjani.
Ubuntu boMelusi waseJalimane buyabonakala buqhamuka kude, buhle futhi buhle buhle. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi izinja zalolu hlobo lokuzalelwa ezithile ziba ngamaqhawe avamile amafilimu ahlukahlukene nochungechunge. Masizame ukuthola ukuthi singasilonda kanjani kahle isilwane esikhulu kangako ekhaya, hlobo luni lomlingiswa umalusi waseJalimane, iziphi izici zobuntu azalwa nazo, nokuthi angathanda ukuliluma kanjani.
Imibala edumile yezinja zomalusi zaseJalimane
Sijwayele ukubona abelusi baseJalimane endaweni eyi-muzzle okukhona kuyo umthi omnyama, kuthi emuva nangaphansi kube nombala obomvu. Eqinisweni, ochwepheshe bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezintathu zamasudi, ezithathwa njengokujwayelekile. Yebo, kukhona eminye imibala, kepha ibhekwa njengengafani nesejwayelekile futhi isho umshado, izinja ezinjalo azisemukelwa ukubamba iqhaza embukisweni, kepha zingaba ntokozo ejwayelekile.
Imibala ejwayelekile ifaka izinja zemibala elandelayo:
- Umhlambi wezimvu omnyama
- Inja yomalusi omnyama
- UMelusi kaZonary.
Umbala omnyama uthathwa njengento evame kakhulu, amaphesenti angama-90 ezinja zalolu hlobo lokufuya unazo. Kuhlukaniswa ubukhona ohlangothini lwendawo emnyama, kunesimo sencwadi ethi "V". Ithoni emnyama iyabonakala ezinhlangothini, engxenyeni engenhla yomsila, ibonakale ezinqeni. Umzimba ophansi unethoni ekhanyayo efinyelela esiswini, esifubeni, entanyeni, emilenzeni.
Kulesi sudi ye-canine, ukuba khona kwama-shades anjenge-fawn (ophuzi), onsundu (ushokoledi), grey kuvunyelwe. Okufuneka kuqala ukuthi kube khona imaski emnyama emboza ubuso nezindlebe. Uma imaski ingabhekwa, khona-ke lokhu kubhekwa njengesici, futhi okumnyama kakhulu kubhekwa njengomthunzi othambile kunawo wonke we-tan.
Umbala we-Zonar uyivelakancane, otholakala ngamaphesenti ama-5 ezinja zezinja. Lokhu kufakwa umbala kwakhiwa ngenxa yemibala ehlukene yezingxenye ezihlukile zejazi. Ngokwesisekelo, inomthunzi okhanyayo, engxenyeni ephakathi iba mnyama, bese iphenduka iphuzi, bese kuthi amathiphu abe nombala omnyama.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwezwe kubizwa nangokuthi:
Ukuqina okuphezulu kakhulu kohlelo lombala lwalesi sudi kungabonakala esiqeshini, ogibeni kanye nomsila, kuba mnyama kakhulu ezinhlangothini nasendaweni yama-paws. Lapha, noma yiziphi izithunzi zivunyelwe - kusuka ku-chocolate brown kuya kuphuzi ophuzi. Into esemqoka ukuthi ukulandelana (ukwakheka) kombala akuphulwa.
Amaphesenti ama-3 kuya kwangama-5 kuphela “amaJalimane” athathwa njengabanikazi abangajwayelekile abamnyama abahle. Kulula ukuqagela ukuthi ijazi labo elihle lilijetthi emnyama. Noma yikuphi ukubhula okuncane kakhulu kweminye imithunzi, amabala amhlophe kanye namamaki kusebenza njengokuphambuka. Ngisho nekhala nezinja nezinja kufanele kube mnyama. Kubelusi baseJalimane abamnyama ngokuphelele, umbala wejazi uhlala ungashintshiwe noma kwenzeka kwenzeka kangakanani.
Omunye umbala uphakamile - omnyama nothu, ochwepheshe abaningi abangabheki ukuthi bazimele, kodwa bathi lokhu kusebenza njengesiphambano phakathi kwezinhlobo ezintathu ezijwayelekile zamasudi. Isithunzi esivelele senja emnyama, amabala ansundu abomvu kuphela abonakala esiswini, angaba futhi ngaphakathi kwemilenze. Kuvunyelwe ubukhona be-cheekbones ukukhanya, amashiya nesifuba. Umbala omnyama no-tan njengoba inja ikhula ingaba lula futhi ibe buthaka kusuka kumdoti kuya kudoti.
Kuneminye imibala yoMelusi waseJalimane, obhekwa njengejwayelekile futhi ongajwayelekile (onephutha).
Izinja zemivimbo enjalo azivunyelwe imibukiso, kepha, njengezilwane ezifuywayo, azimbi kangako kunezijwayelekile, kodwa kakhulu ngokwasekuqaleni.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngabelusi baseJalimane
Ungakhuluma ngabelusi baseJalimane amahora amaningi, ngoba lokhu kuzalwa kuvame kakhulu, kuyathandwa yiningi futhi kusizakala umphakathi. Ake sizame ukusho okujabulisa kakhulu futhi okuthokozisayo ngalolu hlobo lwenja, sinikeze amaqiniso ambalwa athakazelisayo.
Abameli bokuqala bezinja zaseJalimane uMelusi ababambe iqhaza embukisweni we-1882 kwakuyizinja - uCuirass noGreif, babenombala ompunga okhanyayo, namuhla othathwa njengomshado. Izinja zalo mbala manje azivunyelwe ukubonisa. Ochwepheshe babheka ukuthi uMelusi waseJalimane ulungele kakhulu imicimbi ehlukahlukene esemthethweni.
Abelusi baseJalimane bayizinja ezihlakaniphe kakhulu. Ngo-2013, i-American Kennel Club yababeka phakathi kokunye kokuqonda okukhombisa ukuhlakanipha okusheshayo kwezimo ezimweni ezeqile. Imihlathi enamandla yoMalusi waseJalimane inamandla okucindezela adlula amakhilogremu ayi-100.
Ngesikhathi sempi yezwe, lezi zinja zaziyimiyalo enesibindi futhi esheshayo, ziletha umuthi emasakeni futhi zisiza ukufeza ukususwa kwabalimele emasimini empi. Abelusi baseJalimane nabaqondisi babo babamba iqhaza kwiVictor Parade yokuqala. Futhi iqhawe lezinja uDzhulbars, owayengasalulama ngemuva kokulimala, lithwelwe ngumqeqeshi wezinja uMazover. Inja yathola amagobolondo ayi-150 nemizuzu engama-468.Basho ukuthi uMazover wamhambisa ngaphesheya kwesikwele kwisikebhe sikaStalin.
Uhlobo lokwehliselwa ku "amaJalimane" lubhekwa njengolukhulu. Ngokumangazayo, akunakwenzeka ukuletha imidlwane yalombala ngokuwela abelusi bendabuko - imidlwane izalwa imnyama noma inamehlo amnyama. Imvamisa, abelusi baseJalimane basebenza njengezeluleko zabantu abangaboni kahle nabangaboni.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi kunezikhumbuzo ezintathu zalolu hlobo oluthile lwezinja, ezitholakala ezindaweni: eCanada, Kazakhstan naseRussia. Ezweni lakithi eTolyatti, isithombe esingafinyeleleki somalusi waseJalimane sisho ukuthobeka nokuzinikela, inja ekhonjiswe esitsheni ilinda umnikazi wayo ngesineke.
Ngesinye isikhathi, uMelusi waseJalimane wayebizwa ngokuthi u-Alsatia, lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II, lapho-ke isichasiso "isiJalimane" sasiqondwa kabi.
Ukufuya Umelusi WaseJalimane
Inqubo efana ne-kerung imane idingeka ngaphambi kokuya ekuzaleni okuqondile kwabelusi baseJalimane. Leli gama lisho ukudlula ekukhethweni kokuzalela kwabakhiqizi bezinja. Inja ingavunyelwa ukuzala kabili: eneminyaka emibili (i-kerung yokuqala) bese kuthi kamuva (emva kweminyaka eyi-1 noma emi-2) ize ifike ekugcineni kokuzala (impilo yonke kerung). Uma i-kerung iphumelele, inja ivunyelwe ukushada.
I-estrus yokuqala yowesifazane kungenzeka isivele inezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili, kepha kwenqatshelwe ukushada ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ungakhiqizwa usondele eminyakeni emibili, ngoba lokhu umnikazi kufanele ahlele ukwenziwa kwemibhalo efanelekile. Isikhathi sokudlula kwe-estrus ngayinye kanye nokuziphatha kwenja kuleli cala kuphawulwe kwiphasiphothi yezilwane. Inyanga ngaphambi kokuqala kwe-estrus, izinja ziphathwa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane (zombili nangaphandle) zisebenzisa amaconsi, amaphilisi, ukumiswa, njll.
Ngokuziphatha kwe-bitch ungafunda ngokuqala kwe-estrus, ukhathazekile, uhlwitha amamaki ngokucophelela, futhi kungenzeka angamthobeli umniniyo. Bese kuba nokuvela kokukhipha kokuqala, inani lakhona elikhula kancane kancane. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuqala ukushada emavikini amabili kusukela ekuqaleni kwe-estrus, ngalesi sikhathi inja inesifiso esikhulu kubameli bobulili obuhlukile. Owesifazane kwenzeka kowesilisa endaweni yakhe, lapho ezizwa eqiniseka ngokwengeziwe. Ukuhlanya kuvame ukwenziwa ekuseni, esiswini esingenalutho. Izinja ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhamba futhi zethule omunye nomunye.
Uma ukuvuthwa kuphumelele, khona-ke ukukhulelwa kwenzeka, isikhathi esukela ezinsukwini ezingama-58 kuye kwezingama-65. Ukulunywa ngalesi sikhathi kufanele kungabi ngaphansi kwengcindezi nokukhathazeka, ukuze kungabikho phutha. Kumaviki amahlanu noma ayisithupha ekhulelwe, isisu senja sikhuphuke kakhulu, insikazi iyalulama, kukhona ukwanda kwezingono nezindlala zezinso. Eduze namaviki ayisikhombisa, imidlwane isivele ihlolwe esibelethweni sikamama, futhi udokotela wezilwane uvame ukwenza le nqubo yokuhlolisisa. Ngosuku lwe-55, isisu senja siyawohloka, kwesinye isikhathi kuvela isikhupha esincane, izindlala zezinso ziqala ukuvuvukala. Ukufika kobisi kwenzeka ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuzalwa noma phambi kwabo (emahoreni ambalwa).
Isonto ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale imidlwane, kuhlelwa umhume onethezekile onombhede othambile. Inqubo yokuzalwa ngokwayo iqukethe izigaba ezimbalwa (ukuzilungiselela nokuphuma kwengane). Isikhathi sokuqala singashiyana kusuka emahoreni ayi-6 kuye kwangama-30. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane ngayinye, kubalulekile ukuthi okokugcina kuphume. Izinsana zingavela ngezikhathi ezithile zemizuzu emibili kuze kube yihora elilodwa. Kukholakala ukuthi ukuzala kwengane kuphelile ngemuva kwamahora amabili kuya kwamathathu ngemuva kokuzalwa komdlwane wokugcina, kanti umama uziphatha ngokuzolile.
Ukunakekelwa Kwelungu LaseJalimane
Abelusi baseJalimane baphila kangcono emoyeni ovulekile, ngabo ungabahlomisa ngendiza eyindilinga egcekeni lendlu kanye nendlwana evikela imvula nomoya.Izinja ezihlala ezindlini zidinga neyazo ikhona, lapho kufanele kube khona udoti othambile ombozwe nge-diaper, odinga ukushintshwa masonto onke. Masinyane udinga ukuzama ukufundisa inja ukuya endlini yangasese ngesikhathi sokuhamba, ngoba ekuqaleni umdlwane uyokwenza ekhaya. Awukwazi ukululaza futhi ushaye umdlwane, ngoba ukuqeqeshwa udinga imiyalo yezwi kuphela nezindlela zokuphakamisa ngesimo se-goodies.
Okokuqala, imveku iphuthelwa ngunina, ikhala kanye nokukhathazeka, udinga ukuthi uqaphele, izame ukumehlisa umoya, uyishaye izule, uyihlabe umxhwele, ithokozise ubumnandi obuphazamisayo. Kubalulekile ukwenza izinqubo zokuhlanzeka, kuyadingeka ukuqapha isimo samehlo bese uphendula ngokushesha uma ubona ukuqothuka noma ubomvu, ukushwabana njalo. Qiniseka ukuthi uye ekubonisaneni nodokotela wezilwane, uthole amaconsi adingekayo, ungageza amehlo akho ngokufakwa kwe-chamomile.
Iqiniso elibalulekile: Izinja zinconywa ukuthi zixubhe amazinyo njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu, ngoba bathenga umuthi noma amazipho akhethekile. Ukuze uqinise amazinyo nokuxubha ama-fangs, ukusetshenziswa kwamathambo okwenziwa acebile nge-fluoride kuyadingeka. Inyanga ngayinye, imidlwane ihlanziwe ngemichilo yekotoni isebenzisa imikhiqizo ekhethekile yasokhemisi. Kwesinye isikhathi izindlebe zezingane ziya kwehla phakathi kokukhula kwezinyo okusebenzayo, kepha ngokunakekela okufanele konke kuzobuyela kokujwayelekile kungekudala.
Uma sikhuluma ngezinqubo zokugeza, khona-ke kaningi kakhulu akufanele zenziwe ukuze zingaphuli ungqimba lwesikhumba lokuvikela zemvelo. Ungageza uMelusi waseJalimane ngokuphelele kusukela anezinyanga ezintathu. Ochwepheshe batusa ukugeza ngokuphelele inja kathathu ngonyaka. Futhi ukususa izinto ezingcolisa uthuli, yenza ama-rinses akhanyayo.
Ukudla Kwelusi waseJalimane
Lapho nje usuthole umdlwane ongumalusi waseJalimane, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi ukudla kwakhe kuyalingana. Ekuqaleni, udinga ukondla ingane ngokudla okufana nokwakukhuliswa umfuyi, kancane kancane enwebisa imenyu yakhe. I-metabolism yemidlwane iqine kakhulu kunale yama-tetrapods avuthiwe, ngakho-ke kufanele anikezwe ukudla ngezingxenye ezincane, kepha kaningi kakhulu.
Inani lokudla lihlobene ngqo nobudala bezilwane ezifuywayo:
- Ezinyangeni ezimbili zeminyaka, kuyisithupha ukondla ngosuku,
- Lapho inezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala, inja iqala ukudla kathathu kuya kane ngosuku,
- Eduze nezinyanga eziyishumi ubudala umalusi udla kabili ngosuku.
Izinja zingadla ukudla okukhethekile okulungiselelwe noma ukudla kwemvelo. Into esemqoka ukuthi ukudla kuyalingana, kucebile kuwo wonke amavithamini adingekayo, amaminerali kanye nezinye izakhamzimba. Kusebenza kakhulu ukwengeza ubisi neminye imikhiqizo yobisi, ikakhulukazi ushizi we-cottage, ekudleni kwemidlwane. Ezinyangeni ezimbili ubudala, amagremu ayi-100 kuye kwangama-200 enyama ebomvu, ngaphandle kwengulube, angeniswa emenyu. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-cartilage iqala ukunika imidlwane, bese idliswa ngamaqanda abilisiwe, i-offal, inhlanzi.
Iqiniso elibalulekile: Uma ukondla ama-porridge enja, khona-ke kungcono ukubaphatha ngerayisi, amabele ne-buckwheat, okumele kuphekwe kuze kuphekwe. Izithako ngesimo semifino ehlukahlukene nezithelo zihamba kahle kuphalishi. Izithelo ze-citrus azisetshenziselwa ukondla ngenxa yephunga lawo eliqinile, elixosha izilwane. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi inja iyisidleke, ngakho-ke ukudla nezithelo zemifino nokusanhlamvu akufanele kube okubaluleke kakhulu kumenyu.
Ukuze umdlwane ukhule ngokushesha, ukhule ube namandla futhi ukhule ngokugcwele, kufanele unikezwe umsoco ofanele futhi onempilo. Lokhu kuzomvikela ezifweni nasezifweni ezahlukahlukene, kwenze impilo yezilwane ijabule futhi kungabi nefu, futhi isikhalazo kudokotela wezilwane siyokwenzeka kuphela njengengxenye yokuhlolwa okuhleliwe kokuvikela.
Izifo Nezinkinga Zempilo
Abelusi baseJalimane babhekwa njengezinja eziqinile kakhulu futhi ezinzima, ezinempilo enhle impela. Izingozi ezinkulu empilweni ye-canine yilezi:
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo kanye nezifo,
- Ukuhlaselwa yisinambuzane
- Ukubonakaliswa kwezifo zesimo sofuzo.
Iqembu lokuqala elinobungozi lingaqedwa uma konke ukugoma kwenziwa ngendlela yesikhathi futhi kubhekelwa okufanele empilweni ye-canine. Kunzima kakhulu ukuzivikela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane, ngoba lokhu kudingeka ukuthi uhlole inja ngokucophelela ngemuva kokuhamba ngakunye. Lapho kunenqwaba yomsebenzi wokuhlanza, kungcono ushintshe izindlela zokuhamba, uzihambise kude nehlathi. Uma isilwane siqala ukuhlushwa ukulunywa yikhanda, isimo sejazi laso liba sibi, kuqhamuke izilonda zesikhumba ezingathandeki, khona-ke kufanelekile ukuvakashela udokotela wezilwane ngokushesha. Ungakhohlwa ngokwelashwa kokuthintela kwezibungu namazeze, okwenziwa kabili ngonyaka.
Izifo zofuzo zalezi zinja, eziyifa, zifaka phakathi i-dysplasia yokuhlangana kwe-hip ne-elbow. Lokhu kugula kuvela ngesimo se-pathologies of joints joints futhi kungavusa ukuchema, kuhambisane nobuhlungu. Kwimidlwane, kunzima kakhulu ukuqaphela, kepha njengoba zivuthwa, izinja zanda isisindo, futhi lesi sifo sizenza sizizwe. I-Dysplasia itholakala kuphela ezinyangeni eziyi-10 noma eziyi-12 ubudala, lapho sekwakhiwe umkhondo we-canine skeleton.
Abanikazi bezinja zomalusi baqinisekisa ukuthi izifo eziningi zingavinjelwa uma ukhombisa ukunakekela nokunaka isilwane sakho, njalo ukubheka ukubukeka nokuziphatha kwenja. Inja esebenzayo enezitulo ezijwayelekile kanye nesifiso esihle sokudla yisibonakaliso sesilwane esinempilo nesijabule. Isimo sezindlebe, amehlo nezinwele kukhombisa inhlala-kahle yezilwane zasekhaya, ngakho-ke uma zingahlelekile, kufanele impela uhambele emtholampilo wezilwane.