Corydoras (lat. Corydoras) bohlobo emanzini angenawo usawoti kusuka Callichthyidae umndeni. Igama lesibili yi-catfish ye-armored, abayitholile ngemigqa emibili yamapuleti amathambo egijima emzimbeni.
Lona omunye izizukulwane ethandwa kakhulu phakathi aquarium eyikati, iqukethe ezihlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo, eziningi zazo uhlala hobbyists aquarium.
Kulesi sihloko uzothola lapho Corydoras bukhoma indlela kwezinhlobo eziningi, njengoba agcinwa aquarium, yini okufanele okuphakelayo nalokho ukukhetha omakhelwane.
Ukuphila endalweni
Igama elithi Corydoras livela kumagama esiGreek kory (isigqoko sokuzivikela) kanye no-doras (isikhumba). Corydoras - kwekulu phakathi uhlobo lwe neotropical zezinhlanzi, sifaka ezingaphezu kuka-160 zezinhlanzi.
ngezigaba Olunembile lezi zinhlobo akuyona kuze kube manje. Ngaphezu kwalokho ezinye izinhlanzi zangesikhathi esedlule zazingezolunye uhlobo, futhi namuhla zidluliselwe kumakhorali. Kwathi ukuza Brochis.
Corydoras atholakala e-Ningizimu Melika, lapho kukhona empumalanga Andes kuya Atlantic coast, kusukela Trinidad kuya Rio de la Plata, enyakatho ye-Argentina. Hhayi ePanama kuphela.
Corydoras ngokuvamile bukhoma e encane emifuleni, nemingenela, amachibi, emaxhaphozini neseNingizimu. Lezi yizindawo ezinabantu okulo (kodwa kuyaqabukela nge amile), amanzi khona kakhulu turbid, nokujula encane. Amabhange ambozwe imifino eminyene, kanti nezitshalo zasemanzini nazo zikhula ngokudlulele emanzini.
zinhlobo Iningi Corydoras zitholakala ungqimba phansi, zimba amatshe, isihlabathi noma daka. Zihlala imizimba ezahlukene amanzi nemingcele, kodwa uthanda amanzi ezithambile, hlangothi noma ene-asidi kancane. Ubulukhuni obujwayelekile bamanzi ngama-degree angama-5-10.
Angakwazi ukubekezelela amanzi kancane okunosawoti (ngaphandle ezinye izinhlobo zawo), kodwa musa bukhoma ezindaweni lapho imifula olwandle.
Ngokuvamile bukhoma ngemihlambi ukuthi inombolo ikani zamakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinkulungwane izinhlanzi. Njengomthetho, isikole siqukethe izinhlanzi zohlobo olulodwa, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ziyaxuba nezinye.
Ngokungafani iningi eyikati, okuyinto kuthiwa zinhlobo ebusuku, Corydoras abakhuthele emini.
Ukudla kwabo main - ezihlukahlukene izinambuzane futhi izibungu zabo ezihlala phansi, kanye isakhi isitshalo. Yize amakhorali engewona ama-scavenger, angadla izinhlanzi ezifile.
Ngokuqinisekile indlela yabo yokudla - ukucinga ukudla ezansi ne Intshebe ebucayi, bese ukusivumela ukudla ngomlomo, kuyilapho ngokuvamile usungene shí phansi amehlo kakhulu.
Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwayo okuqukethwe
Imigwaqo isithandwa kakhulu e-aquarium selokhu yasungulwa futhi isekhona nanamuhla. Kunenqwaba zilwane, iningi lawo elula kokuqukethwe, zingabantu engabizi, kukhona njalo ukudayiswa. Ngisho namagama iningi lula ukuba amemezele.
Uma ufuna i-aquarium ejwayelekile - sicela inqwaba yezinhlobo ezidumile. Uma ufuna indawo ezihlala kuyo kanye umbono okungenani - ukukhetha namanje ububanzi.
Yebo, kukhona nazo zifuna ngenkani izinhlobo okuqukethwe, kodwa iningi lawo ngempela linesizotha.
Bahlangana kahle e-aquarium eshisayo enezinhlanzi eziningi ezinokuthula. Corydoras eqinisekile kakhulu emvelweni bukhoma kuphela imihlambi futhi kumele ibe iqembu.
Cishe noma yimuphi uthayiphe of lemali letiphakanyisiwe abantu 6-8. Kepha, khumbula ukuthi imigudu ethe xaxa ephaketheni, iyathandeka kakhulu indlela abaziphatha ngayo, efana nendlela abaziphatha ngayo ngokwemvelo.
Iningi Corydoras uthanda amanzi ezithambile kanye asidi. Noma kunjalo, futhi ithwale i-ezihlukahlukene izilungiselelo, inqobo futhi ngempumelelo igcinwe ekuthunjweni. Imvamisa bahlala emazingeni okushisa aphansi kunezinye izinhlanzi ezishisayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwezinye zezinhlobo ukuthi ngokwemvelo bukhoma emifuleni bondliwa entabeni izinguzunga zeqhwa.
Basuke kakhulu kabi ukubekezelela amazinga aphezulu nitrate emanzini. Lokhu kuholela emonakalweni nasekuthelelekeni kwezimpondo zabo ezibucayi, ngenxa yalokho lezo zinganyamalala ngokuphelele.
Intshebe nje ebucayi emhlabathini kukhona. Uma aquarium inhlabathi ezinkulu, inhlabathi imiphetho ebukhali, le Intshebe ezizwelayo ukulimaza. Ilungele ukugcina isihlabathi, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zomhlaba zingasetshenziswa, njengetshe elihle.
umuzwa Iningi ekhululekile okugcinwa nge esikhulu endaweni phansi isihlabathi njengomngcele substrate futhi imithi eyomile amahlamvu kuso. Lena indlela eziphila endle.
Amakhubalo akhuphuka ngezikhathi ezithile zamanzi ukuze aphefumule nomoya futhi lokhu akufanele kukuthuse. Lokhu kuziphatha evamile ngokuphelele futhi akusho ukuthi izinhlanzi akuyona i-oksijini eyanele ziyoncibilika emanzini.
Ukuphila kwabo isikhathi eside e aquarium ufanelwe inhlonipho, C. aeneus, kuthiwa wahlala iminyaka engu-27 ethunjelwe, futhi ezimweni lapho Corydoras wahlala iminyaka engu-20 akulona ezingavamile kakhulu.
Ukondla
Badla kusuka phansi, kuyilapho bezitholela ukondliwa ngokweqile. Okuhle ukudla zithutha esikhethekile eyikati njengokuqoshwa ukudla bukhoma futhi eqandisiwe - tubifex, bloodworm.
Into okumele ukukhathazeka kuphela mayelana - got ukuwondla. Njengoba iningi ezinye izinhlanzi zihlala ezingxenyeni zamanzi eziphakathi, kepha imvuthuluka yangempela ingawa phansi.
Okubaluleke kakhulu futhi eyingozi edukisayo - eyikati ukudla imfucuza zithole ukuthi ezinye izinhlanzi, zingabantu scavengers. Lokhu akunjalo. Corydoras - Ligcwele izinhlanzi ukuthi badinga ehlukahlukene Ukudla okunomsoco nokuphila nokukhula.
Ukuvumelana
Corydoras - izinhlanzi obunokuthula. Ngo aquarium, bona ukuphila ngokuthula, ningathinti ubani. Kepha bona uqobo bangabanjwa yizinhlanzi ezidla abanye noma ezinolaka.
Elingaziwa kubo, futhi territoriality. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezahlukene Corydoras letingabhukusha ku iphakethe, ikakhulukazi uma ezifanayo umbala noma usayizi.
Ukwehluka kobulili
Abesilisa abavuthiwe bahlala bancane kunabesifazane. Abesifazane unomzimba ebanzi futhi isisu esikhulu, ikakhulukazi uma uzibuka uphezulu. Ngokuvamile ukuhlukanisa insikazi snap besilisa.
Amaphesenti amancane kuphela emigwaqo egcotshiswayo athi insikazi yehlukile ngombala kowesilisa. Uma uya ukuzalela Corydoras ke omunye isidingo besifazane ukuba abesilisa ababili noma abathathu. Kodwa uma abagcine for zokuhlobisa, lokhu isilinganiso ayibalulekile kakhulu.
Izinhlobo ezithandwayo zamakhorali
Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuchaza zonke Corydoras. Abaningi babo njalo ukudayiswa wathola uhlobo olusha lwesitshalo, nzalo ukuvela. Ngisho ukuhlukaniswa kwabo kuze kube manje kumelela isiphithiphithi esiphelele.
Kodwa, kukhona Kunezinhlobo eziningi Corydoras iminyaka eminingi waqhubeka ngempumelelo e okugcinwa.
Ngezansi uzothola isithombe sabo futhi incazelo emfushane. Uma unentshisekelo yanoma yiziphi izinhlobo zezinhlobo, khona-ke ngokuchofoza kusixhumanisi ungafunda okuningi ngakho.
Corydoras Adolf
Enye uhlobo olusha Corydoras. Inhlanzi laqanjwa ngegama lomvubukuli, umqoqi wezinhlanzi odumile u-Adolf Schwartz, sibonga umhlaba wonke wafunda ngaye kule nhlanzi.
Ngokusobala, la Corydoras sendawo futhi zitholakala kuphela nemingenela we-Rio Negro, kumasipala we-São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Brazil. Nokho, eminye imithombo ithi abathi ukuthi nezilwane ezitholakala Rio Uaupes, ngomfula owumthelela ezinkulu Rio Negro. Okwamanje, akukho mininingwane ethembekile.
Imininingwane engeziwe mayelana nalokhu isixhumanisi Corydoras.
Corydoras black Venezuela
Okunye ukubukeka okusha. Kodwa, ngokungafani Adolf Corydoras, Corydoras black Venezuela Akuqinisekwa ukuthi livelaphi. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, uhlala nemvelo, ngakolunye - umphumela ucwaningo aquarist German.
Imininingwane eminingi mayelana nale khorasi ilandela isixhumanisi.
Corydoras Julie
It wathola igama layo behlonipha umuntu, lakhe lokuzazisa ayikaziwa. Indawo ehlala kuyo yiNorthheast Brazil. A ungowokuzalwa ugu emfuleni izinhlelo eningizimu semifula ase-Amazon e-United ka Piauí, Maranhão, Pará futhi Amapá.
Imininingwane engeziwe mayelana nalokhu isixhumanisi Corydoras.
Emerald brochis
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto izinhlobo Corydoras elikhulu. Okuningi okwandile kunamanye Corydoras. Itholakala kulo lonke elaseAmazon, eBrazil, ePeru, e-Ecuador naseColombia.
Imininingwane engeziwe mayelana nalokhu isixhumanisi Corydoras.
Bronze Corydoras
Enye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezivamile. Kanye eyikati nezimanakanaka angabhekwa lesikahle lomqali aquarists. Kodwa ngokungafani nezimanakanaka egqamile. Ngokwenye inguqulo, iVenezuela emnyama isuka kumakhorali ethusi.
Imininingwane engeziwe mayelana nalokhu isixhumanisi Corydoras.
Nezinala Corydoras
Noma nje ikati le-catfish. Classics e aquarium, kwaphela iminyaka eminingi omunye ethandwa kakhulu futhi evamile Corydoras ukudayiswa. Ubani walahlekelwa isikhundla uhlobo olusha lwesitshalo, kodwa namanje linesizotha futhi ezithakazelisayo. Inconyelwe Wabasaqalayo.
Imininingwane engeziwe mayelana nalokhu isixhumanisi Corydoras.
Corydoras panda
Ukubukeka okuvame kakhulu. Corydoras panda yethiwa panda giant, okuyinto Unomzimba ukukhanya nemibuthano amnyama azungeze amehlo, kanye eyikati ofana umbala waso.
Imininingwane engeziwe mayelana nalokhu isixhumanisi Corydoras.
Ipherishi le-Pygmy
Omunye kwencani, uma kungekhona komncane kunabo Corydoras e aquarium. Ngokungafani izinhlobo eziningi kungukuthi igcinwe ungqimba phansi, futhi eseneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-amanzi. Ilungele ama-aquarium amancane.
Imininingwane engeziwe mayelana nalokhu isixhumanisi Corydoras.
Corydoras Sterba
Lolu hlobo alusajwayelekile kakhulu kithi, kepha luthola ukuthandwa ngokushesha. umbala nobukhulu kuyafana olunye uhlobo - Corydoras haraldschultzi, kodwa C. sterbai amnyama ikhanda namabala ukukhanya, kuyilapho ikhanda haraldschultzi ayilutho ne dark izindawo.
Imininingwane engeziwe mayelana nalokhu isixhumanisi Corydoras.
Incazelo
I-Catfish ehlotshisiwe, noma i -fishfishfish, noma i-catfish yemabula, noma i-catfish elula: i-genus Corridoras (lat. Corydoras), umndeni we-shell-catfish (lat. Callichthyidae). It has ezingaphezu kwekhulu zilwane. Izinsikazi paler nokuningi egcwele kwabesilisa. Ukunganaki kwe-substrate, ama-dianem kuphela, ama-callichts nama-hoplosternums akha isidleke se-foam. Izingane zintanta 5-9 ngosuku. Popular obunokuthula aquarium inhlanzi phansi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-bullhead ezivamile futhi Corydoras.
Izwe laseKhaya - Izidumbu zamanzi aseningizimu-ntshonalanga Melika - isisekelo selwandlekazi laseLa Plata. Umhlane amaphiko ayilutho ensundu sebuningini amnyama izindawo, esiswini umbala Pinkish-segolide. Amabili namabhuzu izimpondo udebe eliphezulu. Owesifazane ukhula aze afike kumasentimitha ayi-7, owesilisa, ovame ukuba ngu-1-2 cm ngaphansi kunowesifazane.
Owesilisa ikhombe Corydoras
Insikazi nezimanakanaka Corydoras
Kwabesilisa, i-dorsal fin is acute, i-unxantathu ngesimo; kwabesifazane, inkohliso dorsal iyindilinga. eyikati Speckled - isikole, inhlanzi obunokuthula, nge isiqongo umsebenzi ebusuku, ke iyasebenza emini. Phila iminyaka 6-8 (kufika ku-15), babe ngokobulili abavuthiwe ngonyaka. Banamafomu e-albino neveli.
Catfish Corydoras okuqukethwe
Lezi eyikati armored noma kunjalo ayikwazi igcinwe amanzi afudumele kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, azibekeki ngokweqile futhi ziyizinhlanzi ezifanele i-aquarium engashisiwe egumbini lokuhlala elinokushisa kwamanzi okuyi-18-22 ° C.
Nokho ezimanakanaka eyikati Corydoras futhi ngokuphelele bazivumelanisa lokushisa eliphakeme 26 ° degrees noma ngaphezulu, noma uwagcine amathangi ezivamile ngeke kwenzeke. Abamele nezinye izinhlobo ethandwa, ezifana Staphylococcus eyikati, noma oluyingozi, igcinwe okushisa kakhulu kunalokhu (cishe 24-28 ° C).
Kungenzeka ukugcina imigwaqo enamachashaza emanzini amancane, ugxile esilinganisweni lapho ilitha elilodwa lamanzi kufanele liwele ku-1 cm wobude bezinhlanzi. Umhlabathi kufanelekile kokubili amatshe nesihlabathi indawo. Kunconywe Hydro-chemical amanzi nemingcele: ukuqina 5 kuya ku-20 °, asidi (pH) kusukela ngo-6 kuya 8. eyikati Corydoras izinhlanzi phansi futhi kafushane kuphela futhi ngezinye izikhathi ifike kwamanzi gulp emoyeni noma isampula wokuxovela ezomile okuphakelayo.
Uma imigudu ye-catfish ivame ukukhuphuka ngemuva komoya, khona-ke udinga ukufaka i-aeration e-aquarium. Catfish Corydoras ziphile yonke phansi, ngakho ukuma ethangini kudingekile ukukhetha ukuthi ulondoloza ilungelo lapho ukhetho best kuyinto aquarium nge endaweni enkulu ngezansi.
Njengoba lolu hlobo eyikati uthanda ukuba umbumbi mayelana enhlabathini bese wenze amanzi turbid ethangini kumele afakwe isihlungi lokukhanda. Ukushintshwa kwamanzi kwamasonto onke ngama-25% nakho kufiseleka. eyikati Corydoras efana ikhava nohlaza lapho izimpande bona kunjani ukuba uswebezane futhi ukuphila iphakethe. Kufanele ikhumbule ukuthi lezi izinhlanzi asikubekezeleli amanzi usawoti, ngakho uma eyikati Corydoras ogulayo, kufanele belashwe ngokukhetha izindlela ngaphandle kokusebenzisa usawoti.
Ungawondla kanjani amakhorali
Corydoras eyikati inhlanzi omnivorous, futhi angali esusela izilwane nezitshalo ukudla. Ukudla kungafaka ezihlukahlukene ukudla okukhethekile izinhlanzi elingezansi yokuhlala. Amakhambi ahlukahlukene amakhambi awafakwa ngaphandle: i-semolina entshontshiwe, imvuthuluka yesinkwa esimhlophe namaphilisi we-spirulina. Kodwa uzogcwalisa kuphela ukudla lapho feed bukhoma likhona.
Corydoras eyikati abapholile emanzini, ngakho izinhlobo elintantayo izifunzo bukhoma :. Daphnia, Cyclops, koretra njll ngeke atholakale njalo noma kuzodingeka wenze kubo inqwaba. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakhorali we-catfish enza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokulala phansi: umenzi wamapayipi, umhlume wegazi, i-enchitreus, i-auloforus kanye nomshobho womhlaba osikiwe.
Qaphela: ngokuvamile aquarists eziningi Corydoras eyikati abaneliswa nje kulabo kuwele phansi ukuthi futhi akulungile, ngoba izinhlanzi phansi ukwenza ukudla ngokwehlukana.
Yokuzalanisa Corydoras
Ama-Aquarists ahlobanisa ukuzalaniswa kwe-aquarium catfish yamakhorali kanye nezizwe zawo emndenini wezinhlanzi ezihlangene (i-Callichthyidae), kanye nabamele i-genus Hoplosternum thoracatum, kanye nokwehla kwezinga lokushisa elingu-4-5 ° C ngokungeza ngezikhathi ezithile kuze kube ngama-30% amanzi abandayo anciphisa i-redoxox RH ezingaba khona.
Umfutho bayowa umfutho womoya ukuthi kwenzeka uma bedlula kulesi siphepho futhi ngokuvamile kuletha nemvula, nokuduma, njll Ukuqeqeshwa kwamasonto ayi-1-2 abakhiqizi, okubandakanya ukondliwa okuthuthukile kokuphakeme okusezingeni eliphakeme, ikakhulukazi imvelaphi yezilwane, kubaluleke kakhulu. Okuphakelayo kufanele kube kakhulu ukudoba ngokoqobo ngazo zonke umoya, yonke into eyenziwa kuwo zanakekelwa.
Kufanele kumelwe ahlanzeke, hhayi sivumele isisulu ukuze ukudla bukhoma spoilt yamanzi aquarium. Kubalulekile futhi, kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ukushintshanisa okuphakelayo okuthandwa kakhulu: i-red daphnia, i-enchitrea, i-bloodworm, ishubhu futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ama-Earthworms omhlaba. zidlala indima ebalulekile izinguquko amanzi gqwa futhi isebenza isihlungi yemvelo aquarium.
Isimilo esivamile
Corydoras - abameleli elincani zazo. Ngokungafani nezinye i-catfish, zikhula zingadluli ku-10 cm, kepha ukukhula kwazo kuyema kungama-cm angama-3-7. Izinsikazi zikhulu kunabesilisa. Empeleni, phakathi kwezithunjwa kukhona abantu omnqumo-grey umbala.
Habitat yalezi izinhlanzi - amachibi mpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika, okungukuthi, Uruguay, Paraguay kanye neBrazil. Zitholakala emifuleni ehlukahlukene, ngoba amaCorridoras amelwe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye izinhlobo zawo zithanda amanzi ezithambile kanye fresh, kanti abanye bahlala silty izindawo. Ngokwemvelo yayo, soma eziqinile kakhulu futhi oluqinile, njengoba bambulala kalula ukumelana lokushisa ukweqisa ngisho uhlangabezana isomiso esinzima.
Lezi yizilwane ezimangalisa ngempela. Naphezu kobungako nobuningi bayo, bayakwazi bazibonele. On the ngemuva lezi Som ahlelwe ithambo amapuleti, ngenxa lapho asesabi ukuhlasela okuvela omakhelwane nolaka.
Lezi zinhlanzi zinekhanda elikhulu nomsila ophothiwe. Umlomo baye etholakala ezansi, ngakho konke ukudla abakubutha ngokuqondile kusukela phansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuseshwa ukudla ayelungiselela amadevu etholakala eduze komlomo. Ngiyabonga kuye, bangakwazi ukugaya kalula emhlabathini futhi bathole izinsalela zokudla.
Kwabesilisa abe fin ezicijile nabesifazane, kunalokho, waphetha. Futhi, imiphetho ebukhali kukhona amaphiko pectoral. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukubamba lezi zilwane ezifuywayo ngesikhathi sokufakelwa, hhayi ngenethi, kodwa ngembiza. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ugcwalise isitsha ngamanzi, is sehliselwe phansi futhi ukudla nokujikijela. Corydoras Enelukuluku ngeke ukubhukuda ngoba ukudla, bese ulikhiphe ngokuphephile kwesokudla in the ebhodweni.
Inhlanzi inezinhlobo ezimbili zokuphefumula. Eyokuqala - ngokusebenzisa gills, kanti eyesibili - emathunjini, lapho isilwane emoyeni ngokwanele ebusweni.
Fish Corydoras undemanding ukuze izimo yeziboshwa. Kodwa-ke, kudingeka futhi aqinisekise ukuhlala kahle.Ukuphila kahle kwesilwane esifuywayo, ukukhula kwaso, isikhathi sokuphila, nokunye kuncike kulokhu. Ukunakekelwa okufanele kubandakanya:
I-Aquarium. Umthamo wayo ngqo incike kwinani lemhlambi nabanye omakhelwane. Uma ugxila kulezi zikati zezinhlanzi kuphela, lapho-ke udinga ukucabanga ukuthi zihlala duzane naphansi. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhulu indawo ethangi, kungcono. Ama-aquarists anokuhlangenwe nakho ancoma ukuqala kusukela ekubaleni okunjalo: ngobude obugcwele amasentimitha angama-20-25 wabo bonke abantu ngaphandle kwemisila, kufanele kube nesigamu samamitha skwele yendawo engezansi. Uma uhumusha ngokufuduka, lapho umhlambi wezinhlanzi ezingama-4-8 kwanele ukwaba amalitha angama-50-70 (isilinganiso samalitha ayishumi ngekhanda ngalinye),
Ukwehlukanisa insikazi nowesilisa kulula kakhulu -
abesilisa banenqobelo ekhonjiwe, kanti izinsikazi, kunalokho, ziyindilinga.
Amanzi. USom Corridoras ungummeleli oqinile wezilwane zangaphansi kwamanzi. Ingamelana kalula nanoma yimiphi imingcele, ngakho-ke ingagcinwa ngezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi. Ukushisa kufanelekile ngaphakathi kwama-degree angu-20- 29, ubulukhuni - kufinyelela ku-18, acidity 5.8-7.8. Amapharamitha alungile angokulandelayo: 20-26 ° C, 0-12 ° dH, 6.4-7.4 pH. Ngasikhathi sinye, inani lamakhompiyutha ayingozi gaseous (phosphates, nitrate, ammonia, njll) kufanele libe lincane. Okusho ukuthi, kuphoqelekile ukwenza ukufakwa kwamasonto onke okungenani kwengxenye yesithathu yenani,
I-Priming. Kungcono ukukhetha i-substrate yengxenyana enhle. Isibonelo, ungakhetha amatshe amatshe noma isihlabathi esihle. Isidingo esikhulu ukungabikho kwemiphetho ebukhali ematsheni, ngoba lezi zinhlanzi ziyohlala zigaya kuzo futhi zingalimala. Uma ucabanga kakhulu, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi amaCorridoras abukeka kakhulu emhlabathini omnyama, ngemuva kokukhanya alahlekile. Kuyalule futhi ukudala izindawo zokukhosela kusuka ematsheni amakhulu noma kubhagi, lapho izilwane zingacasha khona,
Izitshalo. Lezi zinhlanzi zamakati zikhetha izindawo zasemanzini ezitshalwe kakhulu. I-Flora idinga ukukhethwa ukuze inganciphisi isikhala samahhala ngaphansi. Okusho ukuthi, izitshalo zokumboza umhlabathi zingcono ukusebenzisa. Okukhethwa kukho okuhle ngamabhishi amakhulu afana ne-nymphaea, i-echinodorus, i-wallisneria, i-hygrophil, njll.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukusho ukudla kwalezi zinhlanzi. Kungashiyana ngokuhlukahluka, kepha into esemqoka ukuthi ukondla empeleni wawela phansi. Umgodi womlomo walezi zilwane uhlelwe ngendlela yokuthi zikhethe ukudla ngqo zisuka emhlabathini.
Imigudu ingadliwa imifino enesikali.
Ukusuka kokuphakelayo ungakhetha amaphilisi ahlukahlukene namaphilisi wezinhlanzi ezingaphansi. Okunye okufanelekile yi-artemia, iminyundu yegazi, i-daphnia, ishubhu kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokudla ezifriziwe zemvelaphi yezilwane. Kuyelulekwa ukuthi usebenzise imifuno yemifino ngaphezu kwalokho.
Ukusakazeka komgudu
Abakhiqizi bazala abesilisa ababili noma abathathu ngowesifazane ngamunye. Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukubheka ukusatshalaliswa kwamaphaseji anamabala. Insikazi icindezelwa kowesilisa futhi iqoqe ubisi emlonyeni wayo, bese iya endaweni ekhethiwe lapho ibeka khona amaqanda anamathela engilazini noma ezitshalweni. Kunezinguqulo ezimbili zendlela owesilisa afaka ngayo amaqanda: okokuqala, kukholelwa ukuthi ubisi lungena amaqanda ngokusebenzisa ama-gill kanye nomzimba wakhe, kuthi okwesibili, lapho owesimame egwinya ubisi, bese engena amaqanda emathunjini.
Indlela yokuqala ibonakala inengqondo kimi. Kumanyolo ajwayelekile wamaqanda, ubulukhuni bamanzi ekuqhekekeni kufanele kwehliswe. Amapharamitha anconyiwe: ubulukhuni 8 °, acidity 7.2, izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwama-22-26 ° C. Owesifazane oyedwa uza amaqanda afinyelela kuma-200, kepha emithonjeni yezemibhalo kukhonjisiwe ukuthi angaba namaqanda aphindwe kabili. Ekupheleni kokuhlwanyelwa, abakhiqizi bahlwanyelwa bese kusungulwa i-aeration. Ubungako obuncane bokuqhekeka: 40 × 25x25, kodwa kungcono ukukhetha ukwanda okuvulekile kakhudlwana ngokubala kukhula nefry kuyo.
ICarlaror Caviar
Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwesikhunta ku-caviar, i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kumele ifakwe emanzini. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi ususe amaqanda abe mhlophe afile. Idivaysi elula eyenzelwe kusuka engxenyeni yocingo oluqinile kanye ne-tube elincane eguquguqukayo exhunywe kuyo kusuka ohlelweni ifanelwe kahle lezi zinhloso.
Ukukhetha iqanda elimhlophe, udinga ukuphina ingxenye eyodwa yeshubhu ngomunwe, ulethe elinye iqanda. Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwethubhu kungaziwa, iqanda namanzi kuzodonswa ku-tube. Bamba ukuphela kwe-tube futhi ususe amaqanda ku-aquarium.
IMalki corridora
Ngosuku 4-5, izibungu ziqala ukuvela. Lapho ama-sacs abo we-yolk encibilika (imvamisa ngosuku lwe-6,6, ngokuya ngoqondo lokushisa lwamanzi) aqala ukubhukuda futhi adle. Udinga ukondla i-gazinga kaningi, ngasikhathi sinye uqaphe inhlanzeko, ngoba i-fry ye-corridora ithanda amanzi ahlanzekile futhi ayibekezeleli ushintsho olungazelelwe lwe-pH ngenxa yokungcoliswa kwamanzi.
Njengokudla kokuqala, ungasebenzisa: i-infusorian slipper, iqanda leqanda, i-artemia nauplii, kanye ne-daphnia encane kamuva ne-auloforus echotshoziwe. Gazinga elikhulayo kufanele lixazululwe ezindaweni ezengeziwe zasemanzini futhi mhlawumbe ngenhlabathi lapho zithanda ukugcwala.
Izinhlobo zekoroli
I-Catfish ehlotshisiwe akuyona ukuphela kwenhlanzi eyaziwayo futhi edumile. Kukhona ezinye ezithakazelisa ngokulinganayo futhi zingagcinwa futhi zikhiqizwe e-aquarium yasekhaya. Futhi abanye abathanda amakhorali aqukethe amaqoqo alezi zinhlanzi, anezinhlobo eziningi ngisho namakhulu ezinhlobo zezinto ezisamakhorali.
Ngezansi kunohlu oluncane lwamakhorali nencazelo emfushane yazo: indawo yokuhlala kanye nosayizi, kanye nemininingwane edingekayo yokuzalanisa: amapharamitha amanzi, usayizi wezinsalela kanye nenani lamaqanda.
Iphaseji eluhlaza (Ubukhazikhazi beBrochis). Izwe lasePeru, eBrazil, likhula lize lifinyelele ku-7 cm, liqhume: 40 × 30x30, izinkomba ze-hydrochemical: hardness 4 °, acidity 6.8, lokushisa 27 ° C, cishe amaqanda angama-350.
ICorridor Adolf (Corydoras adolfoi). r. I-Amazon, 4, 30 × 20x20, 4 °, 6.5, 27 ° C, amaqanda angama-50.
ICorridoras Golden (C. aeneus). I-Trinidad, iVenezuela, i-7, 40 × 25x25, i-8 °, i-7.2, i-26 ° C, i-caviar efinyelela kuma-300 ama-PC.
I-Ocular-Tailed Corridor (C. hasatus). IBrazil, 3, 30 × 20x20, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, amaqanda afinyelela kuma-50 PC.
ICorridoras Chernoshtrikhovy (C. melanistius). r I-Amazon, 6, 40 × 25x25, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, caviar aze afike kuma-80 ama-PC.
ICorridor Meta (C. metae). EColombia, 5.5, 40 × 25x25, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, amaqanda cishe ngama-60 ama-PC.
ICorridoras Napo (C. napoensis). I-Ecuador, i-5, 30 × 20x20, i-4 °, i-6,5, i-26 ° C, i-caviar efinyelela kuma-80 ama-PC.
ICorridoras Nutterera (C. natt audi). EBrazil, i-4-6,5, 30 × 25x25, 4 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, caviar cishe ama-pcs ayi-1000.
ICorridor Panda (C. nanda). I-Peru, i-4.5, 40 × 25x25, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, cishe amaqanda angama-20 anamathela.
IPygmy Corridor (C. pygmaeus). R. Madeira, 2.5, 30 × 20x20, 2 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, caviar cishe ama-30 ama-pcs.
UCorrido Rabo (C. rabauti). IBrazil, 6, 40 × 25x25, 6 °, 6.8, 26 ° C, cishe ama-200 ama-pcs.
I-Corridor Trilinear (C. trilineatus). r. I-Amazon, 7, 40 × 25x25, 4 °, 6.5, 26 ° C, cishe ama-pcs ayi-1000.
Iphaseji ebomvu (C. zygatus). I-Peru, i-5.5, 30 × 25x25, 4 °, i-6.8, 26 ° C, cishe ama-80 ama-pcs.
Uhlobo lwemikhaba
Isimo sezinhlanzi ezi-aquarium zamaphaseji sinokuthula. Bahlangana kahle nanoma yiziphi izakhamizi zase-aquarium, ngaphandle kwabazingeli abanolaka, isibonelo, ama-cichlid. Zizwe ukhululekile ukuzizwa ubambisene ne-catfish engu-5-8. Bayakuthanda ukucasha ezindaweni zokukhosela. Ukumba emhlabathini kungumsebenzi oyinhloko wamakhorali. Akuvamile ukukhuphukela ebusweni bamanzi.
IPanda
Inhlanzi encane efinyelela ku-5 cm ubukhulu.I-catfish panda ine-maski emnyama emehlweni, namabala amnyama emsileni nase-dorsal fin. Ngenxa yalo mbala, igama lezinhlobo liyafana. Umzimba ukhanya upinki ngombala. Emvelweni kungatholakala ePeru nase-Ecuador. Bathanda amanzi afudumele angaphezu kwe-16 degrees. Bangakwazi ukumelana nokwehla okufushane ukuya kumadigri ayi-12. Kepha kungabi ngaphezu kwamahora angama-3-4. Uncamela ukukhanya. Abesifazane bakhula ngokwesiko.
Adolfi
Iphaseli lingamasentimitha angama-5-6 cm. Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yiRio Negro River Basin eSouth America. Ingxenye enkulu yomzimba ipendiwe ngompunga okhanyayo, ocishe ube mhlophe. Kukhona indawo enkulu ye-orange ngemuva kwekhanda. Phambi kwamehlo akhe kukhona imaskhi, njengamaphaseji weparaas. Ukusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni, umucu omude omude. Azizali e-aquarium. Unamahloni kakhulu. Ukudla kuzodingeka kuqala kushiywe ubusuku bonke. Ekudingisweni uhlala kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-6
Ingwe
Iphaseji yangaphandle esebenzayo kakhulu - efana nesikhumba sengwe, icwebezelayo ophuzi lapho amabala amnyama asakazeke khona. Ubukhulu bomzimba wezinhlanzi zabantu abadala bufika ku-6 cm. Igama lesibili liyi-trilinear, ngokusebenzisa imigqa emithathu edlula emuva. Ezinsikazi kusuka maphakathi nomzimba kuya emsileni, emadodeni emzimbeni wonke. Ihlala ePeru, eBrazil nase-Ecuador.
EVenezuela
Umbono wemigodi yezinhlanzi ze-aquarium ebukeka njengegolide. Umehluko usemzimbeni omkhulu nendawo yokuhlala. I-catfish yaseVenezuela ihlala ezweni elihlonishwe igama lokuthi liyigolide eTrinidad. Inombala wethusi nendawo yokugcoba ngemuva.
Izimo zokuboshwa
Ama-corfish we-corfish awakhethi mayelana nezimo ezise-aquarium. Izinhlanzi ezingaphansi, ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwenhlabathi nendawo ekhululekile kubalulekile. Isihlabathi esimnyama noma amatshe ahlanzekile anemiphetho ebushelelezi alungele indawo engaphansi. Izitshalo eziphilayo, ama-mosses kanye nama-ferns, izihlahla zizokwenza. Ngohlelo oluqinile lwezimpande ukuze i-aquarium fish corridor ingasibekeli phansi isitshalo.
Kungcono ukugcina i-catfish inenkampani yabantu abangu-5-8. Awukwazi ukusebenzisa itafula noma usawoti wasolwandle ukwelapha izinhlanzi ezingomakhelwane.
Izidingo ze-Aquarium
Lapho ukhetha isitoreji sasekhaya sokufakelwa i-corridor, cabanga ngenani lezinhlanzi eziyohlala kulo. I-aquarium enkulu ayidingekile. Eqenjini labantu abangafika kwabangu-8, ivolumu ngamalitha angama-50-60. I-catfish, phansi kubalulekile lapho zigijimisana khona, ukuze iqembu ngalinye libe nesikhala esanele.
Sebenzisa ama-bulbs okhanyayo noma udale umfudlana e-aquarium ngezitshalo ezintantayo. Ukuhlobisa i-driftwood nemihume kuzoba design enhle. Lapho uzifaka, qiniseka ukuthi ikhona indawo yokukhetha inhlanzi ngayinye.
E-aquarium udinga i-aerator, lemifanekiso. Inani lamanzi kufanele livumele amakhorali ukuthi akwazi ukubhukuda aye phezulu ngemuva komoya omnandi.
Amapharamitha wamanzi we-Aquarium
Amanzi asemanzini we-catfish kumele ahlangabezane nalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Izinga lokushisa lamanzi 22-26 ° С.
- I-Acidity 5.5-8.0 pH.
- Ubulukhuni 5-18 dH.
Shintsha ingxenye yesine yamanzi e-aquarium masonto onke. Njalo ngezinsuku eziyi-14-16, hlanza inhlabathi. Qiniseka ukuthi azikho amatshe abukhali noma izingcezu zomhlobiso ezingezansi ezingalimaza umlomo noma i-antennae yamasango.
Ukuxutshwa nokuqhekeka
Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, abesilisa abaningana bahlehla bezungeza i-aquarium kowesifazane. Ukhetha eyodwa. Ukhulula imbewu, ezoqoqwa ngowesifazane emlonyeni wakhe. Lapho-ke owesifazana ubumba uhlobo lwebhasikidi kumaphini we-pectoral, lapho ebeka khona amaqanda ama-5-30. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthola indawo lapho ubisi lubhaxwa khona bese ushukela amaqanda. Imvamisa engilazini, emacembe ezitshalo, emigedeni nakwabanye. Okulandelayo ukuxhumana nenye inhlanzi yeduna.
Ngokukhula okukodwa, amaqanda afinyelela ku-800 ayabekwa. Amashubhu adla inzalo, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokusakazeka kwezinhlanzi ezindala, hlunga ukuphuma. Ngemuva kokuvela ku-aquarium ejwayelekile, susa gazinga.
Amaqanda noFry
Ukuvela kukaFry kufika ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Lapho gazinga libhukuda ezinsukwini ezi-5-7, baqala ukubondla “ngothuli oluphilayo”. Okulandelayo ukudla kuka-Artemia. Ngemuva kwenyanga, gazinga ingalungiswa ibuyiselwe olwandle oluvamile.
Isifo
I-Aquarium catfish corridor ibonakala ngokugomeka okunamandla. Azikho izifo ezithile ezibonakaliswa yilezinhlathi. Melana nokuguquguquka okukhulu ezimeni zezemvelo. Ungasebenzisi usawoti wasekhishini nosawoti wasolwandle ukuvikela izinambuzane.
Ukukhetha okulungile kwe-catfish enempilo esitolo
Lapho uthenga i-catfish corridor esitolo, unaka ngokukhethekile:
- Ingabe izinhlanzi ezigulayo zikhona e-aquarium ephaseji?
- Ukuziphatha kwephaseji uqobo. Kuyasebenza? Inhlanzi enempilo ihambisa ngenkuthalo, ibhukuda ibheke phezulu, ibambe umoya, intanta kalula phansi. Iziguli zihamba ngezikhathi ezithile, ziwele ohlangothini olulodwa noma zimane zilele phansi zinganyakazi. Kukhona ukuzindla kokunyakaza.
- Akukho monakalo amadevu.
- Izindawo ezinobomvu obomvana emzimbeni noma emafini zikhombisa ubukhona bamagciwane noma isikhunta.
- E-catfish egulayo, amaphiko anamathele ndawonye noma ambozwe ukubola.
- Isisu esishiswe ilanga sikhombisa izibungu.
- Amehlo enhlanzi enempilo icacile, ngaphandle kwamafilimu noma ukungasebenzi kahle.
- Ungathathi i-catfish ngama-gill abomvu noma afakiwe. Ubuthi be-nitrate obunokwenzeka.
Uma uhlela ukuzala amakharaji futhi uthenge izingcezu eziningana, thatha izinhlanzi ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene - maningi amathuba okuthola ubulili obuhlukile.
Ukubuyekezwa
Ama-Aquarists akhuluma kahle ngamakhorali. Yize amahloni e-catfish kwabanye kubonakala kuyinkinga.
Izincomo
I-Aquarium fish corridor ilungele bobabili abaqalayo nabanolwazi lwasemanzini. Inethemba lomlingiswa onokuthula, ihlangana kahle nezinhlanzi eziningi, ngaphandle kwabazingeli abanolaka. Yehlisela ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo. Ichitha isikhathi esiningi ezansi, igaya emhlabathini, yenza umsebenzi we-aquarium ngokuhlelekile. Kusakazwe kalula ekuthunjweni. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, kuzojabulisa abanikazi bayo ngenzalo futhi iphile iminyaka eyi-15.
Yiziphi izifo ezitholakala?
Uma lezi zilwane ezifuywayo zinganikezwa izimo ezifanele, zingagula. Isikhathi esiningi lezi yizifo ezingena ngamagciwane kanye nesikhunta. AmaCorridoras ahlala ehlushwa i-fin rot ne-helminthiasis. Amanye ama-ararist abona ubuthi ngenxa yokugxila ngokweqile kwama-nitrate, ama-phosphates, nezinye izinto ezihlanganayo.
Isikhunta
Ingabonakala ngokubonakalayo amabala ahlukahlukene, ukukhula kanye nokubala emzimbeni wezinhlanzi. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kwenzeka ebhokisini lediphozi elikhethekile. Ezimithini zemithi, ungakhetha i-potassium permanganate (amabhafu wemizuzu engu-5), furatsilin (1 g ngalinye nge-10 l). Ngomuthi wokugcina, kufanele futhi uqaphele. Inhlanzi ibekwa ethangini nsuku zonke, kepha hhayi ngaphezu kwesigamu sehora. Akunakusho ukuthi kufanele usebenzise usawoti, ngoba lezi zilwane azikwazi ukubekezelela usawoti emanzini futhi zife ngokushesha.
Ubuthi beNitrogen
Uma izinhlanzi zivame ukuqala ukuhlala ngaphezu komhlaba futhi zingene emoyeni, khona-ke, emanzini, kunokungaphezulu kwe-nitrate, phosphates, nezinye izinto eziyingozi. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele uvivinye amanzi ngalezi zinhlanganisela.
Isixazululo senkinga sisisekelo - udinga ukwenza okunye. Okokuqala, ungangena esikhundleni sengxenye yevolumu ye-aquarium, futhi ngokuzayo kufanele ubheke ukusebenza kwezinhlanzi kanye nokuxhunyaniswa kwamakhompiyutha e-nitrogen.
UMnu Tail uyancoma: izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinambuzane ezincane zaseCorridoras, manje sezingama-200 zazo, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu ezingakachazwa. Akubona bonke abanikezwa amagama. Kwabanye, esikhundleni segama, kukhona incwadi yesiLatini uC noma uL enenombolo eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-serial.
Emanzini, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zeShellfish zivame kakhulu.
Ukuzalela, ukuzalanisa
Ukuthomba eCorridoras kufanele iminyaka engu-1-2. Emvelweni, ukuqhakaza kwenzeka ngoNovemba nangoDisemba, lapho kuqala isikhathi sezimvula eSouth America namanzi abe esephola. E-aquarium, ngokulandelana, ukuze uzalwe kabusha, udinga ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa. Njengabazali, abesifazane abesilisa nabesilisa ababili bayathathwa (unganakekela ngasikhathi sinye umhlambi wonke, kepha kufanele kube nabesilisa abengeziwe).
Ukuze uqhume, kudinga amandla angaphezu kwamalitha angama-60. Kuyadingeka ukuhambisa izinhlanzi kuwo ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngoba cishe isonto nesigamu bazojwayela indawo yokuhlala entsha. Izimo kumele zakhiwe ngokwemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka, okungukuthi, aeration eqinile, amanzi amasha nokuqukethwe okuncane kwezingxube ze-nitrogen.
Lapho iqhuma, abesilisa baqala ukuphishekela insikazi efanelekayo ukuzala. Ukhetha umlingani oyedwa okhipha imbewu, ayiconge emlonyeni. Ngemuva kwalokho uphendukisa imichilo yakhe yobubende ibe obhasikidi abahlukile lapho abeka khona amaqanda.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukukhetha indawo lapho kuzovuthwa khona amakhorali. Lapho, insikazi ihlikihla ubisi bese ilamula amaqanda. Njengomthetho, lokhu kungamaqabunga ezitshalo, ingilazi, indawo yokukhosela, njll. Lapho le nqubo isiqediwe, insikazi ikhetha owesilisa olandelayo futhi konke kuyaphinda. Cishe amaqanda angama-800 abekwa phakathi nesikhathi sokuhluma. Ababelethi bangabathatha ukudla, ngakho-ke kungcono ukubalahle khonokho.
Fry ivele cishe isonto nesigamu. Ungabondla ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-5-7, lapho sebeqala ukubhukuda bebodwa. Ukudla okungcono uthuli bukhoma. Ungangeza i-artemia nezinye izinhlobo zokudla kwezilwane.Lapho inyanga idlula ngemuva kokuvela kokweza, vele babe yizinhlanzi ezigcwele ngokugcwele, ezingafakwa ku-aquarium ejwayelekile.
I-Pygmy
Omunye wabamele abancane kakhulu kwezingaphansi zayo. Zikhula zingadluli ku-3 cm. Zinombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kuwo wonke umzimba kukhona imivimbo emibili emnyama. Olunye uhlangothi, olunye lusondele esiswini. Iba nemihlambi okungenani yabantu abayi-10. Izimo zokuqukethwe - lokushisa ama-degree angama-20- 26, ubunzima be-5-15, i-acidity 6.5-7.5,
Natterera
Bahlala engxenyeni esempumalanga yeBrazil. Ikhula ibe ngu-6,5 cm. Inombala ohlukile. Ikhanda nomhlane zinombala onsundu, uhlangothi luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, isisu simhlophe. Futhi ngasohlangothini kukhona umucu omnyama obanzi. Amapharamitha ayalingana nama-Pygmies, kepha athambile ngokwengeziwe emazingeni okushisa, kufanele abe ngu-22 ° С,
Lolu hlobo lwaqanjwa emfuleni eColombia, lapho luhlala khona. Ifinyelela kubude be-5 cm. Umzimba unombala we-tan. Emhlane kukhona umucu omnyama. Izinhlanzi zithanda amanzi afudumele, 24-27 ° C,
I-Trilineatus (imizila emithathu)
Inomzimba okhanyayo, okuthi, njengengwe, kube nezindawo eziningi ezimnyama nemitheshana. Kodwa-ke, bahlukaniswa yukuthi kumele babe nemivimbo emithathu ohlangothini, yingakho bebizwa kanjalo. Khula ube ngu-4-5 cm, ungathandeki emanzini,
Okubhaliwe (okujwayelekile)
Bangummeleli ojwayelekile kakhulu wohlobo. Bahlala eBrazil. Umbala uyinhlanganisela yombala we-olive ngemibala e-brown and green. Amabala amnyama atholakala emzimbeni wonke. Abesilisa bancanyana kakhulu kunabesifazane, banenhlawulo ende yobumbano,
I-Dwarf (Sparrow)
Kutholakala e-Amazon kanye nezidumbu zamanzi zaseParaguay. Igama liyazikhulumela. Lezi izinhlamvana ezincane, azikhuli ngaphezu kuka-3 cm. Umzimba unetoni yegolide ephuzi noma e-greenish. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, zibhukuda ezingxenyeni eziphakathi. Khetha amanzi ahlanzekile,
UBarbatus
Zitholakala emadolobheni aseSao Paulo naseRio de Janeiro. Emizimbeni yamanzi ifinyelela ku-12 cm, kepha ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini ngokuvamile azidluli ku-7 cm. Umzimba uphuzi-nsundu, kepha kunamachashazi amnyama amaningi kuso. Abesilisa banamabhulashi emakhanda abo, nezinsikazi ziba mnyama ngaphambi kokuqhuma, nezindlela zekheckered eduze nomsila,
Imigudu Ehambisanayo
ICorydoras paleatus - ikatifish elincanyana, elinobude obufika kuma-7-8 cm, amaphinifa aqhamile asezingeni eliphakeme kanye nengalo yangemuva lomnqumo eliyi-grey ecebeni elimnyama elivamile. Isisu sikhanya - golide-pink.
Kulesi zinhlobo, kuthiwa i-dimorphism yezocansi, insikazi inkulu kakhulu kunowesilisa.
Ama-Shells amachashazi azivumelanisa kahle nezimo zangaphandle futhi angakwazi ukubekezelela umehluko omkhulu we- + 10 ... + 30 ° C, kodwa akhethe u + 20 ... + 25 ° C ukhululekile kuwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zikhona isikhathi eside ngokwanele futhi ngaphandle komonakalo obonakalayo lapho kungekho khona i-aeration nasendaweni engcoliswe kakhulu yi-nitrate.
Le nhlanzi yaseNingizimu Melika inezindawo ezingaphansi kwazo - amafayili afihliwe nese-albino.
Imigudu Yamagolide
Iningi lihlala emifuleni yaseVenezuela naseTrinidad. ICorydoras aeneus ifinyelela usayizi wama-6-7 cm, lokhu kungenye yezindlela ezithandwa kakhulu ngabezasolwandle ngenxa yombala omuhle nokungathandeki kokuqukethwe.
Umugqa obanzi wegolide ugijima ngemuva kwenhlanzi; izingane zingagolide ngokuphelele ngombala nendawo emnyama phansi komphetho we-caudal.
Kukhona nefomu le-albino, kepha amehlo wesilwane esinjalo asamnyama futhi abonakala. I-plumage icishe ibe sobala, kepha ngopende ophuzi.
IGolden Corridor emazweni aseYurophu ivame ukubizwa nge-Bronze Measles.
Amaphaseji wePanda
ICorydoras panda - izakhamizi zoMfula i-Ucayali, ezigeleza ziye ePeru.
Izikali ezinjengegobolondo lwale zinhlobo zicishe zibe mhlophe ngombala omncane opinki, nendawo eseduze kwamehlo (nezitho zokuzibona ngokwazo), inhlansi yendawo yokuhlala, nendawo endaweni engezansi komsila kumnyama, kucishe kube mnyama. Ngakho-ke, le nhlanzi ibizwa ngePanda, ngoba inokufana okude ngombala ngebhere bamboo.
Abesilisa bafika ku-3-4 cm ubude, izinsikazi zikhulu kancane kuno-4-6 cm.
Imigwaqo yeSterba
ICorydoras steui yendabuko emifuleni egeleza kancane yeBolivia neBrazil.
Imizimba yabo inesimo esithile esiyindilinga, abesilisa cishe ngo-5 cm, abesifazane abungu-6-7 cm.
Isizinda esikhulu somzimba sinsundu omnyama, kwesinye isikhathi sicishe sibe mnyama, sinezindawo ezikhanyayo ezivame ukudlula emsileni ngemivimbo emithathu ehambisanayo. Abantu abadala banamaphinifa okhanyayo we-orange pectoral.
USterba uyakwazi ukushintsha umbala kancane, uzivumelanise nombala wenhlabathi. Ine-albino coloromorph.
Imigwaqo yeLeopard
ICorydoras leopardus nayo iyizakhamuzi zaseBrazil ezingaphansi kwamanzi omfula. Umzimba omncane, ongafika ku-5 cm, upendiwe ngombala wesiliva ophuzi futhi unamachashaza amachashazi amnyama amaningi. Ikhanda kanye nomsila ofanayo, iplamu yonke isobala, kuphela kumbala kukhona ibala elimnyama ezansi.
Amanye amagama ale Shell yiLeopard Corey, Somic Leopard.
Lezi zakhamuzi ezingaphansi kwamanzi zibukeka kahle kakhulu e-aquarium emhlanjini osemhlabeni omnyama. Bathanda amanzi afudumele kancane kunezinye izinhlobo, ngaphandle kwalokho okuqukethwe kwabo ekhaya kulula kakhulu.
Imigwaqo yaseVenezuelan
ICorydoras venezuelanus iyizakhamuzi ezinhle zamanzi ahlanzekile futhi aphilayo, izwe lakubo imifula yaseVenezuelan. Zitholakala e-aquarium ngemibala ehlukene emibili:
- Orenji Ungumgogodla oyisisekelo somzimba ne-dorsal fin, engxenyeni yayo ephezulu nasekhanda i-ebb ecwebezelayo. Yonke enye iplamu isobala. Zikhula zibe yi-5-6 cm.
- Mnyama. Isizinda somzimba sishokolethi ngokucebile, cishe simnyama, kepha sigqamile ngombala we-orange noma obomvu onsundu esiswini nasekhanda kanye nephementi efanayo. Mikhulu kunamasayizi e-Orange - aze afike ku-7-8 cm.
Pygmy Corridors
ICorydoras pygmaeus iqanjwe kanjalo ngosayizi wayo omncane ongamasentimitha angama-2,5 ukuya kwezi-2. Babukeka bemihle kakhulu emhlambini lapho igcinwa e-nano-aquarium.
Ngokwemvelo, ahlala ezindaweni ezisogwini lomfula waseBrazil iRio Madeira.
Cishe imizimba ebonakalayo ne-plumage zipendwe ngemibala yesiliva noma yegolide futhi inomucu omnyama ocacile kulayini ohlangothini. Amehlo amakhulu kwesinye isikhathi avezwa aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Imikhakha uJulie
ICorydoras julii yi-callichy catfish, ithandwa kakhulu ezindaweni zasemanzini.
Lolu hlobo lwatholakala ngomcwaningi uFranz Steindahner ngonyaka ka-1906, esethole inhlanzi ezindaweni ezisekupheleni kwe-Amazon. Ihlangana nezinhlobo emifuleni yasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrazil.
Umbala weShell ungowangempela kakhulu. Ngemuva ingekhilimu noma i-grey ekhanyayo enamaphethini amancane amnyama-imidwebo kanye nomucu ohambisana nawo wonke umugqa we-lateral ukusuka kumapuleti we gill kuya emsileni.
Amaphiko amhlophe ngemivimbo emnyama, ku-dorsal kuyindawo emnyama ezansi.
Ubukhulu obujwayelekile bezinhlanzi zekati zikaJulie zingu-5-6 cm.
Imigudu Nanusi
ICorydoras nanus iyi-catfish encane, egugile kakhulu futhi eyisabile ehlala emifuleni yeSuriname naseMpumalanga Brazil. Umzimba we-silvery, odwetshwe engxenyeni engenhla yomnqumo we-olive, ukhula ube ngamasentimitha ayi-5. Ngokuphambene nesizinda esikhanyayo kunombala omnyama okhanyayo, ocishe ube mnyama, ogqamile wesithombe.
Abesilisa, abancane kunabesifazane, banethoni yegolide ngombala, amaphiko nawo anombala, kanti dorsal imnyama futhi inomaka ophuzi engxenyeni ephezulu.
Imvamisa lezi zinhlanzi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-Moth isimungumungwane.
Imigwaqo Arcuatus
I-Corydoras arcuatus ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-Double-Way noma i-Arched. Umzimba (ubude kuze kube ngu-5 cm) u-silvery, ucwebezelayo, kuwo wonke umhlane kukhona umucu omnyama obanzi nhlangothi zombili zezimali. Ngenxa yengxenye ephezulu yomzimba weCarapace, ifana ne-arc.
Le nhlobonhlobo yamaCorridoras ayikhathaleli kangako ezimweni zokuboshwa, anezimpondo ezibucayi kakhulu, okuthi, ngekhwalithi emibi yamanzi, zilinyazwe ngokushesha.
Imigwaqo yeMeta
ICorydoras metae ibizwa ngokuthi uMfula iMeta eColombia, lapho yaqala ukutholakala khona ngo-1914.
Umbala oyinhloko womzimba, obude bawo bufinyelela ku-5.5-6 cm, ubomvu ngokubomvu ngokugqamile kwegolide. Umugqa omnyama okhanyayo ugijimela kuwo wonke umhlane, uthwebe inhlawulo ngomhlane ophakeme. Okufanayo, kepha okugoqekayo, kuwela ikhanda kanye namehlo enhlanzi. I-Plumage nge-tint ebomvu ophuzi, i-translucent.
ISparridor Sparrow
I-Corydoras hasatus Eigenmann - aka Dwarf (ubude kufika ku-3 cm) noma i-Golden catfish. Kwatholakala okokuqala izinhlanzi okokuqala ngqa maphakathi noMfula iAmazon nasezindaweni eziphakeme zeParaguay.
Isizinda somzimba esiyigolide sinombala omfushane ohlaza okotshani, onomucu omnyama omncane eceleni komugqa ohlangothini nendawo emnyama ebunjiwe yedayimane (lo umehluko omkhulu ovela kwiPygmy Corridor) ngaphansi komsila. I-dorsal fin phezulu nayo imnyama, yonke ingxenye yeplamu isobala, isiliva.
Imigudu yeKochi
ICorydoras cochui Myers zichazwa kuphela ngo-1954, ezitholakala maphakathi ne-Amazon. I-catfish encane, efinyelela ku-3 cm ubude. Umzimba umhlophe ngezimpawu zomphuzi onsundu ezenziwe ngegolide. Amapayipi we-Translucent nawo apendiwe.
Imigudu yeNutterra
UCorydoras natt audi Steindachner watholakala ngonyaka we-1877 emifuleni iParamba neRio Dosa empumalanga yeBrazil.
Ubukhulu be-catfish buyi-6.5-7 cm. Umbala webunzi nangemuva ungwephuzi omnqumo, kanti izinhlangothi ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umugqa obanzi obanzi ugijimela emgqeni we-lateral, indawo efanayo ezansi kwe-dorsal fin. Amapayipi asobala, aphuzi aphuzi.
Izisekelo ze-Aquarium
Imigudu izinhlanzi ezingenakunyakaziswa kakhulu, ezingagcinwa umgcini wasemanzini wokuqala.
Impilo yabo ephelele echibini lokufakelwa ekhaya, kumele kwenziwe le mibandela elandelayo:
- Nikeza umhlambi wemigudu yabantu abangama-6-8 indawo enele. AmaSomik adinga ukuba khona okuseduze, ngakho-ke ithangi kufanele libe lide futhi libanzi, ukuphakama kwalo akubalulekile. Umthamo wamalitha angama-60-100 kufanelekile.
- Khetha isihlungi esingezansi esifanele, ngoba lezi zinhlanzi zichitha iningi lempilo yazo zephula inhlabathi. Kubalulekile ukuthi bangazilimazi izilwanyana zabo ezibucayi. Isihlabathi somfula esifanele noma udrako omncane ngaphandle kwemiphetho ebukhali.
- Kuyadingeka ukutshala indawo yokugcina izilimo ngezitshalo zasemanzini - ama-mosses, ama-ferns, amafomu ama-bush ane-system eqinile yezimpande, ukuze uShellfish angakwazanga ukumba kuwo.
- Beka izindawo ezilingisa ama-grottoes nemihume, ubeke amatshe kanye ne-driftwood, engasebenza futhi njengezindawo zokukhosela.
- Ungalokothi usebenzise izixazululo ze-saline ukwelapha ezinye izakhamizi zasekhaya, amaCorridoras awasabeli kahle etafuleni nasosawoti olwandle futhi angafa.
- Ukusungula izibani ezi-dim - i-catfish efuywayo ayithandi ukukhanya okukhanyayo. I-shading ingadalwa kusetshenziswa izitshalo ezintantayo, njenge-riccia.
- Hlomisa ithangi ngohlelo olunamandla lokuhlanza. I-filtration iyadingeka kabili, ngoba umhlambi weCorridoras uhlala ukhuphula umoya kusuka ezansi kwendawo yokugcina izinto zokwenziwa.
- Kungcono ukuhlomisa i-aquarium ngohlelo lwe-aeration futhi, uma ivaliwe ngesivimbo, shiya isikhala somoya phakathi kwayo nobuso bamanzi ukuze ikati le-catfish likhuphuke futhi likhiphe ukuphefumula kwamathumbu.
- Ukumelana nemingcele elandelayo yendawo yasemanzini emzimbeni wamanzi wokufakelwa: izinga lokushisa + 20 ... + 28 ° C, ubulukhuni ngaphakathi 4-17 dH, acidity 5.4-7.8 pH.
- Okungenani ikota yenani lamanzi masonto onke kufanele ithathelwe indawo ihlanzekile, ixazululwe.
- Njalo emavikini amabili, hlanza inhlabathi nge-siphon.