I-Garfish ngaphandle kwalokho kubizwa ngokuthi umcibisholo wezinhlanzi. Igama elidumile ligcizelela ukuba mncane nokuqina kwesilwane. Umzimba wakhe ufana nembambo, nekhala lakhe elide lifana nenaliti. Imihlathi ivuleka njengomlomo. Ngaphakathi, inamazinyo abukhali futhi athambile.
Ukubukeka kuyamangaza, futhi ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu. UShargan unamafutha, amhlophe futhi athambile. Kukhona okungenani amathambo kuyo. Ngakho-ke, abadobi abadideki "ngehaba" elincane lenyama. Uma usika umcibisholo okokuqala, kuyajabulisa ukubheka hhayi ukubukeka kwawo kuphela. Ohlala emanzini unamathambo aluhlaza.
Obani abadobi
U-Garfish ungowokugcotshwa kwezinhlanzi ezi-ray ezimile, ezifakwe esigabeni sezinhlanzi zamathambo (kukhona nesigaba sezinhlanzi ezinama-cartilaginous, kufaka phakathi oshaka nama-stingrays). Esigabeni sezinhlanzi ezihlotshiswe nge-ray kukhona i-superorder ethi "Real bony fishing", lapho phakathi kokutholakala okuningi kune-detgment Sarganoobraznye. Imindeni emine ihlukaniswe kule ndawo, omunye wayo ngumndeni wakwaSarganov, lapho kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngamashumi amabili nanhlanu.
Izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi zomndeni wakwaSarganov zingabantu basolwandle, futhi ezinhlanu kuphela zazo zingamanzi amasha. Cishe bonke bakhetha izindawo ezishisayo nezindawo eziphansi, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zasolwandle zihlala ezindaweni ezifudumele kahle.
Izici Zokubonakala
Incazelo yezinhlanzi ze-garfish:
- Kuwo wonke ama-sarganovs, umzimba mude kakhulu futhi mncane kakhulu.
- Isikali sincane kakhulu, i-cycloid (umphetho wesikali uyicaba, ngaphandle kwezintambo).
- Umugqa we-lateral utholakala uphansi kakhulu - cishe esiswini.
- Imisebe ye-Spiky emilebeni ayikho.
- Ama-anal kanye nama-dorsal fins asondelene kakhulu nomsila, ekubeni icishe ibe isithombe sesibuko komunye nomunye.
- Imihlathi emide kakhulu futhi enamandla, ekhumbuza ama-tweezers, ahlala ngokuphelele ngamazinyo abukhali, afana ne-fang-asiza ngokusiza ukubamba nokubamba inyamazane.
Esithombeni senhlanzi ye-garfish, zonke izici ezingenhla zokubukeka kwayo zibonakala kahle.
Kepha kusenezici zesakhiwo sangaphakathi esiyimpawu yokutholakala kwe-argan-efana:
- Isigaxa sokubhukuda asixhunyiwe ku-esophagus, njengoba kunjalo nangezinye izinhlanzi, ngokwesibonelo, i-beluga (kusuka ku-oda le-sturgeon).
- Kwezinye izinhlobo (izinhlanzi zomndeni wakwaSarganov) umgogodla uluhlaza.
Yini eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enhlanzini
Embuzweni wokuthi inhlanzi inenhlanzi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, impendulo akufanele ifunwe ngokubukeka kwayo kwangaphandle kuphela, kodwa kufanele futhi “ubheke” ngaphakathi futhi ukhumbule ngamathambo omgogodla. Umbala onjalo ongajwayelekile wamathambo we-garfish kungenxa yokuba khona kwengubo ekhethekile eluhlaza kubo, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-biliverdin.
Onke ama-garfish ayizinhlanzi ezidliwayo nenyama emnandi. Kepha akuwona wonke amazwe anquma ukusebenzisela ukudla ngenxa yobandlululo olubangelwa umbala ongafani nowephosphorus wamathambo alezi zinhlanzi. Kwanele ukukhohlwa ngalesi sici, futhi kulezi zinhlanzi ungapheka izitsha eziningi ezimnandi.
Incazelo nezici zengubo
USargan - inhlanzi i-ray-skull. Kukhona futhi ama-cartilaginous, ngokwesibonelo, oshaka kanye ne-stingrays. Izinhlanzi ezinemisebe zihlukaniswe ngemikhawulo. I-Garfish ifakiwe "i-bony yangempela." I-detachment ibizwa kanjalo - "garganoobraznye". Umndeni ubizwa nge-sarganov. Abamele bayo bavezwa ngu:
- isikali esihle futhi esinciphile ngomphetho osicaba, obizwa nge-cycloid
- amaphiko angenawo ama-prickly nemisebe enzima
- Amaphini we-anal nangemuva abhekene, elinye ngaphezulu futhi elinye elingezansi, cishe emsileni
- umugqa we-lateral utholakala ngaphezulu esiswini senhlanzi kunasohlangothini
- i-swad bladder inqanyuliwe ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla, ukuhlinzeka ngesitho esihlanganisiwe
I-Biliverdin inikeza umbala oluhlaza okomgogodla we-garfish. Lokhu kungenye yemibalabala ye-bile. Umuthi uwumkhiqizo obolile wamangqamuzana egazi omongo wezinhlanzi.
Lapho kuphathwa ukushisa, amathambo e-garfish aphenduka aluhlaza
I-Biliverdin inambitha okungathandeki. Kodwa-ke, asikho isidingo samathambo e-garfish. Amathambo, ngendlela, abe luhlaza ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okushisa.
IBileverdin ayinabuthi, yize isabisa abaningi ngombala wayo. Umbala wengubo ovela ngaphezulu uhlanganisa nokuluhlaza. Ngemuva kwenhlanzi kuyaziphonsa. Izinhlangothi nesisu kuyisiliva.
Kwenzeka lapho izidumbu zamanzi zenzeka khona
Kunezinhlobo ezingama-25 zezinhlanzi emndenini wesargan. Ishumi nambili lihlala olwandle. Amanzi ahlanzekile njengama-5 kuphela. Imifula namachibi ezintaba ezingcolile zihlala kuphela endaweni eshisayo. Amasosha angaphansi komhlaba nezindawo ezifudumele ahlela izinhlanzi zasemanzini.
Izinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile zibanjwa e-Ecuador, eGuiana naseBrazil. Emanzini abo kuhlala izinhlobo ezi-2. Abangu-2 ngaphezulu bahlala ezitolo zaseNdiya, eCeylon nase-Indonesia. Ingxenye yesihlanu kagwayi wamanzi ahlanzekile atholakala eNyakatho Australia.
Zombili izinhlanzi zamanzi asolwandle nezinsimbi zasolwandle ikakhulukazi zihlala ogwini zize zikhiphe isihlabathi ngasolwandle olude. Esithombeni umgcini wamabutho ngesinye isikhathi ichopho lekhala noma lomsila unamathela ngaphandle konxweme lolwandle.
Lapho ukhetha i-landscape engezansi, ibutho likhetha ukwakheka. Njengomthetho, i-arrowfish itholakala eduze nezixhobo. Kude kubo kanye nasogwini, izinhlobo ezingafani zodwa ze-garfish zibhukuda, ngokwesibonelo, ezifana neribhoni.
Izici
Ama-garfish uqobo ayingxenye yesigaba sezinhlanzi zamathambo. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi oshaka nama-stingr nawo nawo angokulesi sigaba. Ukukhishwa kufana ne-argan-like, ngokushesha kunamayunithi ama-4, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo zezinhlobo eziyi-15. Kodwa-ke, hhayi zonke zazo zivame ukutholakala ngabadobi.
Ungayihlukanisa kanjani i-garfish kusuka ku-pike nenaliti:
- I-Garfish inesakhiwo somzimba esincane kakhulu.
- Isikali ngaphandle kweziteketiso, sincane kakhulu.
- Amaphisi we-Dorsal - kuboniswa komunye nomunye.
- Umhlathi obude obunamandla, uhleliwe ngamafang, ummeleli obanjiwe uyakwazi ukubambelela ngesandla ngokuqinile.
- Lapho usika izinhlanzi, ungabona ukuthi umgogodla uluhlaza.
- Ubude obujwayelekile yi-90-100 cm.
Esithombeni se-garfish, ungaphawula inani lokuhlukahluka okuhlukile okuzokusiza ekunqumeni kalula uhlobo lokubamba olubanjwe kulokho kubanjiswa.
Izinhlobo zika-garfish
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingama-25 zeqhwa lesihloko, amanzi amancanyana amancanyana. Kodwa-ke, zonke izinhlanzi zomcibisholo zincanyana kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, esinye isiqhwaga sihlala olwandle. Ngayo siqala ukuboniswa kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo:
1. Ingwenya. Ifinyelela kubude obuyimitha ezi-2, okuyigama layo elikhulu ngokuthi yi-gi. Elinye igama lesilwane yi-shell pike. Ngokungafani nezingubo eziningi, umzimba wengwenya umbozwe ngezikali eziqinile. Bakha impumuzo efana nesikhumba sengwenya. Isiqhwaga sinesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-6.
2. YaseYurophu. Ikhula ibe amasentimitha angama-60 ubude. I-Fish igcwele i-Atlantic, ihlangana ngasogwini lwase-Afrika kanye ne-Old World. Kuhamba iMedithera, isilwane siyangena olwandle Olumnyama. I-Garfish kuqokonyiswa ku-subspecies ehlukile. Ibizwa kanjalo - Ulwandle Olumnyama. I-Garfish lena incane kakhulu kunabantu abaningi baseYurophu. Ngemuva kwesilwane kukhona umucu omnyama.
3. IPacific. E-Russia ibizwa ngeMpumalanga Ekude. Kutholakala emanzini aseningizimu yePrimorye, ikakhulukazi, oLwandle lwaseJapan. Inhlanzi ifinyelela imitha ubude. Emanzini e-Primorsky Territory, lesi silwane sidla amanoni namaphaza, sibhukuda lapho ehlobo kuphela. Imivimbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingabonakala ezinhlangothini zengubo eseMpumalanga Ekude.
4. Amanzi ahlanzekile. Ngaphansi kwaleli gama zonke izinhlanzi ezinamanzi amasha zihlangene. Zivame ukwelula amasentimitha angaphezu kwama-30. Lokhu, kuhlanganiswe nomlutha wamanzi amasha, kukuvumela ukuthi ugcine izinhlanzi zomcibisholo emanzini. Njengoba ama-garfish eyizidlakudla, akusizi ngalutho ukugebha ama-guppies amancane. Imicibisholo ifakwa ku-catfish, kuma-cichlid amakhulu.
5. Udotshana omnyama onomsila. Inombala oyindilinga wethoni ye-anthracite emsileni. Ezinhlangothini zesilwane kukhona imichilo eshintshashintshayo. Ngobude, abantu abanomsila omnyama bafinyelela amasentimitha angama-50. Igama lesibili lezinhlobo yi Izimbaza ezimnyama.
Ezikhathini zeSoviet, ukugcotshwa kwasolwandle okuLwandle Olumnyama kwakuphakathi kwabaholi abahlanu bokudoba. Ngekhulu lama-21, inani lemicibisholo yaseRussia lehlile.
Umsoco nendlela yokuphila
Umzimba omncane, ocindezelwe futhi omude weqhawe le-athikili uphakamisa ukunyakaza okufana negagasi. Inhlanzi ibhukuda njengezinyoka zamanzi.
Ama-Garfish abhukuda ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zamanzi, okungukuthi, angawezinhlanzi ze-pelagic. Imicibisholo eminingi ingumhlambi. Ukuhlangana ezinkulungwaneni zezikole, izilwane zithuthukisa isivinini esingamakhilomitha angama-60 ngehora. Isikhombi siqhathaniswa ne-sprint yezinyoni zokuzingela. Ziyafana nangokubonakala.
Ibambelele phezulu, iviyo lingaphefumula. Imisebenzi yamaphaphu iqala ukwenza ukubhukula kwemicibisholo yokubhukuda. Izinguquko zenzeka emanzini angenawo umoya-mpilo noma lapho izinhlanzi zingcwatshwa esihlabathini.
Ezintweni ezidliwayo, ama-garfish awekho emthethweni, amabamba abamba, izinhlanzi ezincane, amaqanda, izinambuzane, ama-invertebrates, ngisho nezihlobo zawo. Lemicibisholo nayo ibukeka njengamapiki.
Ukudla okungakhethi kungenye yezinto evumela ukuthi u-garfish aphile izigidi zeminyaka. Inhlanzi yomcibisholo iyinhlangano eyakhiwe kabusha.
Ahlala kuphi amaragi
AmaSarganiformes afaka izinhlanzi, iningi lezasolwandle ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ngazinye zamanzi ahlanzekile. Olwandle, ama-garfish ahlala ikakhulu ngasogwini. Kukhona ngisho nalabo abakhetha kuphela amakhorali ama-coral njengendawo yokuhlala yabo.
Futhi udoti omfishane omnyama, obhebhetheke ogwini lwaseNingizimu Asia (ugu lwePakistan neNdiya), uyakwazi ukuzingcwaba emhlabathini othambile (usilika nesihlabathi esihle) endaweni ephansi, usala endaweni yokuthela amanzi.
Ingena enhlabathini enesihlabathi ukuya ekujuleni kwamasentimitha angama-50, ilinde isikhathi eside somoya ophansi. Ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka okulandelayo okuphezulu, ushiya indawo yokukhosela futhi abuyele olwandle, lapho ehlala khona ekujuleni okungamamitha ayi-10. Bheka isithombe senhlanzi enensila enomsila kaSargan, enaleli gama ngenxa yebala elimnyama eliyindilinga ohlangothini ngalunye lwesisekelo senhlawulo ye-caudal.
Kunezinhlobo phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezingena kude olwandle oluvulekile, njenge-garfish-efana ne-garfish (i-Ablennes hians), evame ukutholakala emanzini ashubisayo olwandle emhlabeni jikelele.
Enye yezinhlanzi ezimbalwa zamanzi ahlanzekile ahlala ezindlini zamanzi ahlanzekile (amachibi nasemiseleni), nasemilanjeni yemifula kwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Imvamisa izalaniswa ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini, ngoba azikhuli ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-30. Lezi izinhlanzi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinomzimba omude wesilinda, lapho umucu omnyama welula khona.
Ukudoba
Ukudoba kuyathakazelisa futhi kuyingozi. Izinyo elinjengezinaliti lomuntu ohlala emanzini lisho amanxeba abuhlungu. Ikhala elibukhali nelinamandla lesilwane lingabhoboza inyama. Kwenzeka ngesivinini. Njengoba sesithole isivinini esiphelele, udarfish angashayisana nomuntu ezimweni ezimbili:
- Ukwethuswe ukukhanya okukhanya. Izigameko zenzeka ngesikhathi sokudoba ebusuku noma inkambo yemikhumbi emincane enamazibuko. Ukuzibona, udobi ophuphuthekile uphuma emanzini ngejubane.
- Ukhubeka ngesithiyo. Uma isilwane singazange sikubone kukude, izozama ukugxuma, inyukela phezulu kwamanzi. Endizeni, inaliti intshontsha izinto nezidalwa eziwela ngendlela.
Ungakhipha inaliti lapho udoba usuka ogwini. ICarabiner ibanjwa ibanga lamamitha angama-40-100. Udinga ukuthatha umuntu obanjiwe ngaphansi kwekhanda lakho, njengenyoka. Isilwane siyakukhafula, sizame ukuluma. Bamba ngokucophelela inalithi ekhiphe ingwegwe nokugoqeka phansi.
Ungabamba iqhawe lemibhalo hhayi kusuka ogwini, isikebhe kuphela, kodwa nangaphansi kwamanzi. Ukuhlonipha inhlanzi yomcibisholo, yebo ethandwayo i-wetsuit. USargan Abathandi bokudubula imikhonto bafaka "abahamba phambili abayi-10 emakethe yasekhaya." Empeleni, i-wetsuit ayisiyodwa. Ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo "uSargan" kukhiqizwa amamodeli angaphezu kwe-10.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Ngokuphonsa i-caviar, u-garfish ukhetha ama-nook phakathi kwezixhobo, ngaphansi kwezimila zasemanzini, ukubamba ugu. Abesilisa abaneminyaka engu-5 ubudala nabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-6 ubudala baqala ukuzala. Lokhu kungukuthomba. Izinhlanzi ezindala, futhi, zibamba iqhaza emidlalweni yokuphelisa.
Izinsikazi zibonisa amaqanda amaningi izikhathi zokuphumula amasonto ama-2. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli, ukuqhakaza kuphela ngo-Agasti.
I-algae ayidingeki ukwenza amaqanda kuphela. Amakhandlela anamathiselwe ezitshalweni esebenzisa imicu enamathelayo. I-caviar ye-garfish itholakala eduze kwamanzi.
Izinhlanzi ezingama-Arrow zizalwa ngesentimitha ubude futhi zinemihlathi emifushane. Ikhala liyakhula njengoba isilwane sikhula.
E-aquarium, u-garfish uphila iminyaka emi-4. Ngokuvumelana nalokhu, lesi yisikhathi semicibisholo yemithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile. Emvelweni wemvelo, ziphila ziye kwengu-7, ziqala ukuphuma ngaphambi kwezinhlobo zasolwandle. Labo baphila iminyaka eyi-13.
Izici ezihlukanisayo
Ubukhulu bekarobfish ojwayelekile bungaba ngamasentimitha angama-80. Naphezu komlomo omncane owudlulile, ibamba inyamazane ngeshumi imihlathi ebukhali. Ungumnikazi wesigcawu "uRay-ogqokile" kanye ne-superorder "i-bony yangempela".
Ngokwe-isithombe nencazelo ye-garfish, izici ezilandelayo zinesici sakho:
- Amachashaza amancane, aphakathi nendawo anemiphetho ebushelelezi
- Akukho misebe ebekiweyo emithini
- Unombala onsundu-grey.
- Ama-dorsal ne-analinsins ngesimo, eduze nomsila
- Amathambo aluhlaza ngenxa ye-biliverdin ekhethekile ye-pigment
Yize i-biliverdin esesithombeni senhlanzi ye-garfish ibonakala ingathandeki, iphephile ngokuphelele. Ubumba lwenziwa ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwamangqamuzana egazi ebuchosheni. Ingxenye ye-bony ayikaze idliwe, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka.
Habitat
Lihlala olwandle oluningi lapho amanzi efudumele ngokwanele. Uma siphendukela kumaJografi aseRussia, singaphawula iTaganrog Bay kanye nolwandle Olumnyama. Kaningi, le nhlobo itholakala kwi-White and Azov.
Izinhlobo zethu ezinkulu (ezingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1) zivame ukubanjwa eCape Verde. ISarganovy ayinandaba nokubhukuda eduze nasogwini futhi imvamisa yamakhorali.
Nakani!
Izinhlobo ezikhona
Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingama-25 ze-argillum, kanti ezincane kunazo zonke zitholakala emanzini amasha. Izinhlanzi zomcibisholo zizonke azifinyeleli osayizi abakhulu, kodwa zikhulu impela. Sikhuluma ngempilo yasolwandle. Kokuthandwa kakhulu, amagama ama-4 angahlukaniswa:
I-European. Ihlala olwandle i-Atlantic Ocean futhi itholakala ngasogwini lwe-Afrika nolwe-Yurasi. Ubude bancane - amasentimitha angama-80 ngokwesilinganiso. Ngokudlula koLwandle iMedithera kuvame ukuphela oLwandle Olumnyama. Iqembu elihlukile lihlukaniswa lapha - inhlanzi yoLwandle Olumnyama, udotshwa.
Izinzuzo Zokudla
Okokuqala, izinhlobo ezithile zesargan zidlangile eRussia. Ngakho-ke, izakhiwo ezizuzayo zodrako nokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu ngeke kusishaye isikhwama, njengoba kunjalo ngezitsha ezithandwayo ze-salmon.
Enye inzuzo kwinani elincane lamathambo nenyama enhliziyo. USargan uzothuthukisa umzimba nge-iodine, ifosforamu nensimbi. Ama-Omega-3 fatty acids athuthukisa isikhumba futhi avikele ukuguga.
Futhi amavithamini e-B anomphumela omuhle emithanjeni yegazi - lokhu kusho ukuvikeleka ezifweni zegazi nasekuguleni kwenhliziyo. Ukudla okumnandi okunje ngeke nje kuqede indlala yakho, kepha futhi kuzoletha namabhonasi amaningi emzimbeni.
1. Ukuchazwa okujwayelekile kwengubo
Umndeni we-sargan umelelwa ngohlobo lwe-9 genera, obalwa ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezingama-25. USargan ungomunye wezakhamizi zasolwandle ezinesakhiwo somzimba esithandekayo. Umzimba oselufile umbozwe ngezikali ezincane zesiliva. Inemisipha emide. Emuva ine-tint eluhlaza okotshani.
I-Predator-garfish inamazinyo amancane futhi abukhali, emvumela ukuba abambe izinhlanzi ezincane ngesikhathi sokunyakaza.
Ama-biliverdin akhona ku-skeleton (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka i-bile) uwahlobisa ku-hue eluhlaza.
Ahlala kuphi amagagasi?
Ama-garfish oLwandle Olumnyama aphila ngenxa yomsoco we-hamsa, futhi njengoba wazi, le nhlanzi encane iyahamba. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokudonswa kwe-hamsa, ama -fishfish adla ama-mollus amancane.
Abanye abamele futhi bayakhangwa: ama-gerbils nama-sprats. I-Garfish iyinhlanzi ehambayo kakhulu, ejaha inyamazane, ikhonkotha ngaphezu kwamanzi.
Izinhlanzi ze-Arrow azivamile ukuthutha, kepha kuzoba nendlala - ukufuna ukudla kuzobaphoqa ukuba bashiye indawo yabo ejwayelekile. Kulula ukulandelela ukunyakaza - i-garfish ilandela i-hamsa, ebusika ibuyela oLwandle i-Azov.
Umcibisholo futhi uthanda ugu lwaseCrimea, lapho abadobi bavame ukufuya izinhlanzi. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukuzingela abamele okumnandi unyaka wonke.
Uma sikhuluma lapho izinhlanzi ze-garfish zihlala khona, zingahlukaniswa izindawo ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye: ukusuka kuJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba, ogwini olunamadwala olwandle, ebusika, lungena olwandle lusondele ezindaweni ezinamadolobhana.
Ukuzalela
Izinhlanzi zasolwandle zasolwandle - Izinhlobo kuphela ngonyaka we-5 wokuphila kwaso.Isikhathi sokuhluma kwehluka kwabanye abamele izinhlobo, izinhlanzi ziqala ukuvela ngoSepthemba kuya ku-Okthoba.
Abesifazane ngokwesilinganiso bazalela amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30. Njenganoma yikuphi ukuzalanisa, konke kuya ngendawo yokuhlala, ubudala besifazane, ezimweni zezulu.
Amaqanda makhulu, anesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-2-3. Inhlanzi izama ukuqhakaza eduze kwamatshe ne-algae ukuze amaqanda amancanyana aqine ngosizo lwezinqubo ezincane.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zesimo sezulu esihle, ukuthosa kukhula kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10. Izinyanga zokuqala eziyi-6, imihlathi ayibizwa kangako, kepha-ke, ukubukeka kwesilo, izinhlanzi ezincane zithola unyaka kamuva.
Irekhodi lakwa-Israyeli
Kepha, ngoNovemba 2018, umdobi wase-amateur amateur ogama lakhe linguVyachelav waphika lolu lwazi. I-troph ye-107 cm ubude nesisindo esingu-1635 amagremu yabanjwa cishe ngo-9 a.m. emadwaleni eShononit ebhishi eNetanya. Udotshwa omkhulu wadonswa isheyini sardine. Nawu umbiko wesithombe mayelana nale ndoda enhle.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyirekhodi ngempela, futhi abantu abajwayelekile kakhulu yilabo abafinyelela ku-70 - 75 cm futhi enesisindo sokufika ku-1,3 kg.
Kukhona okunye okuhlukile, ngokwesibonelo, ezindaweni ezishisayo lapho kuhlala khona ummeleli omkhulu we-lizard - ingwenya, efinyelela ku-180 cm ngosayizi.
Isikhathi sokuphila asikho ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-13. Iningi labantu abavela eminyakeni emi-5 kuya kweli-9 batholakala.
4.1 Ukuzala kabusha - isikhathi kanye nezici zokuphamba
Inhlanzi ifinyelela esikhathini sokuthomba ngonyaka 1 ubudala eneminyaka emi-4 - 5. Isikhathi sokuhluma siqala ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Inhlansi yezinhlanzi eduze nolwandle. Amaqanda anezintambo ezinamathelayo ezinamathela kuhlaza lwasolwandle. Izinga lokushisa elihle lokuvuthwa kwamaqanda libhekwa njengezinga lokushisa ngaphezulu kwama-degree ayi-10. IGarfish ingakhiqiza amaqanda afinyelela ezinkulungwaneni eziyi-15, abamele amakhulu - aze afike ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-50. Izibungu zibhukuda ezindaweni ezisogwini ebusweni bamanzi. Ngokungafani nabantu abadala, ukwakheka kwemihlathi kufushane. Emnyakeni wokuqala wokuphila, bathola isakhiwo esiphakeme esivamile sezinhlanzi ezinkulu.
Izinhlobo zika-garfish
Udobi wezinhlanzi odume kakhulu yi-garfish ejwayelekile noma yaseYurophu (Belone belone). Indawo ehlala kuyo ingamanzi afudumele ngokulinganayo oLwandlekazi i-Atlantic ngasogwini lwaseYurophu nasezigangeni ezisenyakatho ne-Afrika. Ngokudlula koLwandle iMedithera, lungena kuLwandle Olumnyama, lapho kuqhamukelwa khona izingxenyana zezinhlanzi ezimnyama zoLwandle Olumnyama (Belone belone euxini). IFish Belone belone in ubude ingafinyelela cishe imitha eyodwa (90 amasentimitha), kanti umlingani wayo oMnyama wolwandle incane - kuze kufike amasentimitha angama-60.
Incazelo yezinhlanzi ezijwayelekile ze-garfish: umzimba olude kakhulu onobuhle obuhlaza emuva kanye nezinhlangothi eziluhlaza okotshani kanye nomucu obonakalayo ocacile ngemuva.
Ukufuduka kwesizini kuwuphawu lwengubo yeBelone belone: ngoba ukuqhuma, abantu abadala basondela ogwini. Isikhathi sasebusika sichithwa olwandle oluphakeme, sihambahamba. Izinhlanzi zesikole, ukubhukuda ngokushesha. Futhi ngesikhathi sokubhukuda okusheshayo abamba ama-crustaceans nezinhlanzi ezincane (i-sprat, hamsa, sprat) ezidla ngazo.
I-garfish enkulu kunazo zonke
Inhlanzi enkulu kunazo zonke ye-oda yeSarganiformes (kufaka nenhlanzi esidumile endizayo) iyingxenye yomndeni wakwaSarganovye (Belonidae). Igama lakhe yi-crocodile garfish noma i-giant (Tylosurus crocodilus). Ihlala ezingxenyeni ezishisayo zazo zonke izilwandle futhi ingafinyelela ngisho namamitha amabili ubude. Isisindo sayo singaba ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayisithupha.
5.3 Iziphi izindawo ezingcono kakhulu zokubamba udotshwa
Ibanga lokudoba elihamba phambili lithathwa njengelisuka kumamitha angama-40 kuye kwangama-100. Esimweni esiphansi, loya mbala ufihla ezindaweni ezimanzi, uzifihla ngosilika kuze kufinyelele kumitha ejulile. Ukudoba eskoleni kuzokuvumela ukuthi ususe kude nolwandle.
Indawo ethembisayo izophinda ibe yindawo yama-surf, engena olwandle ngamamitha amaningi ngaphambili.
Ukudoba emadwaleni kungakuvumela ukuba ubambe ngempumelelo udobe, ngoba akwesabi ezindaweni ezinjalo.
Amachweba - kumdobi kubukeka njengendawo efuna ukubamba. Lapha, kwakhiwa izakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezihlukanisa izindawo ezingashoni nezijulile, futhi izikebhe zezikebhe zimbozwe ngotshani be-algae futhi zihehe izinhlanzi ezincane ezizingelwa yi-garfish.
Izindawo ezinhle yilezo ezinenkambo ethule. Futhi, kufanele kubhekwe izindawo lapho imingcele yamanje ihamba kancane khona lapho kushesha, lapha amanzi athuthukiswa ngo-oksijini futhi ahehe izinhlanzi ezincane, okuwukudla kwabazingeli abaningi, kufaka phakathi i-garfish.
I-Far Eastern garfish
Emanzini aseRussia (ngaphandle koLwandle Olumnyama), i-arrowfish itholakala emanzini aseJapan eSouthern Primorye. Le yi-Farfishfish yaseFar East noma iPacific (Strongylura anastomella), futhi ekhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-90 - 100.
Umzimba waso onomphetho owenziwe ummbila owembozwe kamuva umbozwe ngezikali ezincane kakhulu. Umugqa we-lateral "ufihliwe" esibayeni sesikhumba esisemaphethelweni ongezansi wesisu. Uhlangothi ngalunye luhlotshiswe ngentambo emincane yesiliva eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eqala ekhoneni elingaphezulu lesembozo se-gill bese iya kufenisha ye-caudal. Akukho imivimbo eguqukayo ezinhlangothini.
Emanzini e-Primorsky Territory, lezi zinhlanzi zingena kuphela ehlobo ngokuzalanisa nokudla. Ukusakazeka kwenzeka ezindaweni ezingashoni zama-bays, bays kanye namachibi ezithangeni zezitshalo ezingaphansi kwamanzi, mhlawumbe ulwandle zostera ulwandle.
Indlela yokunyakaza nokugxuma
Njengoba inomzimba omude wenyoka, udotshwa ubhukuda, wenza izindandatho zalo ezifana negagasi.
Babhukuda ngejubane elikhulu futhi bangakwazi ukuphonsa obukhali ngaphandle kokunciphisa ijubane lokuhamba. Imbangela yokujikijela okunjalo kungaba ukwesaba noma ukuphishekela inyamazane esesimweni sokulamba. Kulokhu, inhlanzi iphuma emanzini futhi ingagxuma ibanga elide. Kwesinye isikhathi baphuma emanzini bagxume phezu kwezinto ezahlukahlukene ezisendaweni engaphezulu kwamanzi. Isibonelo, isikebhe noma i-raft kungaba yisithiyo esinjalo.
Izinhlanzi ze-Garfish. Incazelo, izici, izinhlobo, indlela yokuphila nenhlanzi
I-Garfish — inhlanzi ngomzimba okhethekile, ophakeme. Ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi inhlanzi yomcibisholo. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile kakhulu ze-garfish zitholakala emanzini ageza eNyakatho Afrika, eYurophu. Akujwayelekile ku-Mediterranean and Black Seas.
Ingozi yokuxhuma imijele yabantu
Lapho noma isiphi isithiyo esiphambi kobuso bamanzi siphambi kwesihlahla, noma sisatshiswe ukukhanya okukhanya kwamalambu asemkhunjini (ebusuku), siphuma emanzini ngesivinini esikhulu. Ukugxuma kwakhe kungaba yingozi kubagibeli. Futhi kunezimo eziningana ezaziwayo zokulimala okuyingozi kubadobi lapho izinhlanzi zingena kulo muntu kule mpukane.
Umsuka wokubuka nencazelo
Noma ikuphi okubhalwe phansi kogobela kungumndeni womndeni ka-garfish. Ngendlela, ehehayo kakhulu yizinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi futhi ezingokwalolu hlobo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinhlanzi ezijwayelekile zasolwandle ezivamile kanye nezinhlanzi zasemazweni angaphandle ezivamile.
Ukuba yilungu le-lard ngokuyinhloko kusekelwe kulungiselelo olukhethekile lwamathambo ekhanda. Ukuchithwa kwamathambo wamanye ama-cartilage kuhlukaniswa ngokuyinhloko ngengubo, echaza ikakhulukazi ukungasebenzi komhlathi ongenhla. Umgudu wokugaya ungaxhunyiwe kwi-bladder yomoya - lesi ngesinye isici esibalulekile se-garfish.
Indlela yokuphila kanye neHititat
USargan ungumhlaseli ongekho emthethweni. Ukuhlasela okusheshayo uhlobo oluyinhloko lokuhlaselwa kule nhlanzi. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zithanda ukuba zodwa. Ilinde izisulu ekuqamekelweni. Umakhelwane nohlobo lwawo udala ukuncintisana okungadingekile endaweni yaklaba futhi usongela ngokushayisana okukhulu kuze kudliwe ophikisayo.
Izinhlobo zamasayizi aphakathi namancane zihlanganiswa emhlambini. Imodi ehlanganyelwayo yobukhona isiza ukuzingela kahle futhi ikhulisa amathuba okugcina impilo yomuntu. I-Garfish ye -fishwater ingatholakala ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Kodwa okuqukethwe yilezi zinhlanzi ezihlasimulisa umzimba kungaqhosha kuphela ama-aquarists afanelekayo.
Ekhaya, udarfish awukhuli ngaphezu kuka-0,3 m, noma kunjalo, umhlambi wezinhlanzi ezenziwe ngomcibisholo wesiliva udinga inani elikhulu lamanzi. Kungakhombisa umlingiswa wayo wokudla futhi kudle omakhelwane endaweni yokuphila.
Ngokuqukethwe kwe-aquarium kogarfish wamanzi ahlanzekile, kuyadingeka ukuqapha izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ne-acidity. I-thermometer kufanele ikhombise u-22- 28 ° C, umhloli we-acidity - 6.9 ... 7.4 pH. Ukudla okuse-aquarium garfish kufana nemvelo yabo - lezi yizicucu zezinhlanzi, ukudla okuphilayo: ama-bloodworms, ama-shrimps, ama-tadpoles.
Inhlanzi eqa umcibisholo nayo inothando ngokugcinwa kwasekhaya. Lapho isebenzela i-aquarium, iyasaba, ingagxuma iphume emanzini ilimaze umuntu ngesibhakela esibukhali. Ukujikijela okubukhali, okujubane elikhulu ngesinye isikhathi kulimaza inhlanzi uqobo: iphula izihlikihla ezinjengesihlathi.
Ividiyo: USargan
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi u-garfish uphakathi kwezinhlanzi ezindala kunazo zonke ezindala ezake zahlala emanzini olwandle ngeminyaka eminingi. Kuvela kubo ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo eziningi ze-garfish zivela.
Yize u-garfish eyingxenye yezinhlanzi ezidla inyama, azikwazi ukuhlukaniswa njengezinobungozi futhi zinolaka. Akushiwo futhi ukuthi i-garfish ilimaza kakhulu ezinye izinhlanzi. Eminye imibuzo kuphakama ngokusatshalaliswa kwalezinhlobo ezisebhesini loLwandle Olumnyama kanye ne-Azov, ngoba ezindaweni eziningi lezi zinhlanzi zithanda izikhala ezinkulu zolwandle ngenxa yendlela yazo yokuphila. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-Black Sea garfish incane futhi ayidluli ngama-60 cm ubude, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zingafinyelela ku-1.5-2 m.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Ingozi kubantu idalwa yilowo omele kakhulu ama-lubes - ingwenya. Ihlala eduzane nezixhobo zamakhorali futhi ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-2 ubude. Ebusuku, udarfish ugijimela ekukhanyiseni izibani, ukhula ngesivinini esikhulu kangangokuba ungalimaza kalula abadobi ngisho nezikebhe ezithile. Igama lezinsizakusebenza libangelwa ukuthi imihlathi yengwegi eyingwenya ifana kakhulu namazinyo engwenya uqobo.
Ukubukeka nezimpawu
Isithombe: Kubukeka kanjani i-garfish?
I-garfish inokubukeka okuyisimangaliso kwasekuqaleni, ngenxa yayo enganakwa. Kulokhu, izingxabano zivame ukuvela ngokuchithwa kwezinhlobo zazo, ngoba i-lard kulula ukuyidida nge-eel. Imvamisa, i-garfish ifaniswa nenhlanzi yenaliti.
Zonke lezi ziqhathaniso zidalwa ukubukeka kwayo. I-garfish inomzimba omude omude, uthambile kancane emaceleni. Imihlathi ibuye ibe mide futhi ifane nama-tweezers amakhulu anamazinyo abukhali, athuthukile. Uma ubheka ingubo phambili, lapho-ke ungaphawula imihlathi yangaphambili ebunjiwe ngokuqinile. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi i-garfish ifane nenhlanzi ehamba ngomkhumbi ngisho nama-pangolins asendulo - ama-pterodactyls. Yize amarabhu engakwazi ukuba yizizukulwane zawo, kuvela uhlobo olufanayo kuyo yonke imithombo. Imvamisa etshalwe amazinyo amancane abukhali yenza lokhu kufana kuphinyiselwe nangokwengeziwe.
Amaphinifa we-pectoral kanye ne-dorsal atholakala ngemuva komzimba. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuguquguquka kwengubo kukhuphuka kakhulu. Ulayini ovela emuva usuka kumaphesenti e-pectoral uye emsileni, lapho kubamele bale nhlobo benyuselwa phansi kakhulu. I-caudal fin iyakhiwe kabili futhi inobukhulu obuncane. Isikali se-Garfish sincane futhi sinobucwebe besiliva obuhlukile. Sekukonke, umzimba wengubo unemithunzi emi-3 ehlukene: ingaphezulu langemuva limnyama ngombala ophundu, izinhlangothi zimhlophe ngombala omhlophe, kepha isisu sinomthunzi okhanyayo impela onesiliva.
Ikhanda lezinhlanzi ezansi likhulu kakhulu futhi libanzi, kancane kancane liphenya ngasekupheleni komhlathi. Kulesi sizinda, udobi wamukela igama lesibili elingelona elezokwelapha: inhlanzi yomcibisholo. Amehlo e-garfish makhulu futhi enemibala kahle, evumela ukuba azulazule kahle ngisho nasekukhanyeni okuphansi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Amathambo e-Garfish ane-tint eluhlaza. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwamanye amazwe bayenqaba ukudla izinhlanzi nhlobo. Eqinisweni, kuphephile ngokuphelele, futhi lo mthunzi umane uhlotshaniswa nokuba khona kwe-biliverdin emzimbeni (umbala ophuzi oqukethe i-bile).
Uhlala kuphi lo mbishi?
Isithombe: Garfish
Sekukonke, sekubhalwe cishe izinhlobo ezingama-25 zezinhlanzi. Ngokuya ngokuthi iyiphi ebukwayo, indawo yokuhlala nayo izokwehluka.
Sekukonke, kuyisiko ukuhlanganisa izinhlanzi ngokujwayelekile ukuzalwa kwengane bese zihlukaniswa zizi-5 ezahlukahlukene:
- I-European. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu, ezingatholakali endaweni eyodwa - zibonakaliswa ngokufuduka njalo kwesizini. Ehlobo, uza eNorth Sea ukuze enze ukulahleka kokudla. Ngokuqala kwekwindla, izinhlanzi ziya esifundeni saseNyakatho Afrika, lapho kufudumele khona,
- Ulwandle Olumnyama. Kuyenzeka, ngaphandle kwegama, ngaphezu koLwandle Olumnyama, naseLwandle i-Azov,
- ubambo-ngathi. Ikhetha amanzi afudumele ngokukhethekile, ngakho-ke ihlala eduze neziqhingi kuphela. Izixuku zasolwandle nemifudlana yasolwandle nakho kungenye yezindawo ayithandayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa noma isiphi isifunda esicacile - isalan ebunjiwe iribhoni itholakala ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zolwandle,
- Empumalanga Ekude. Isikhathi esiningi uhlala ogwini lwase China. Ehlobo, kuvame ukusondela e-Russian Far East,
- omnyama-umsila (omnyama). Itholakala eduze kweNingizimu Asia, izama ukusondela ogwini ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngendlela, u-garfish awunakubalwa ngokuphelele ngezinhlanzi zasemanzini. Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo ezikhetha amanzi amasha avela emifuleni. Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala emifuleni yaseNdiya, eNingizimu Melika, kuncamela isimo sezulu esishisayo. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, singaphetha ngokuthi: ingubo ayinayo imingcele echazwe kahle yendawo yokuhlala.
Ungahlangana nezinhlanzi cishe kuyo yonke indawo, izinhlobo zawo ziyohluka nje. I-garfish ithanda ukusondela ebusweni bamanzi noma ngobukhulu bayo, kepha igwema ukujula okukhulu noma ukujula.
Manje uyazi ukuthi inhlanzi itholakala kuphi. Masibone ukuthi udlani.
Ngabe udlani we-garfish?
Photo: Black Sea Garfish
Ama-invertebrates, izibungu ze-mollusk, kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane - lokhu kungukudla okuphambili kwe-garfish. I-mullet encane nokunye okuphangiwe kwemihlambi ye-garfish kuqale ukuphishekela konke ndawonye.
Kepha akuhlali kunenhlanhla ukuthi ama-largonian ahlangane nokudla okunjalo kusendleleni. Kungakho izinhlanzi ezincane kubo ziluhlobo lokudla okumnandi, okuvela ngokungajwayelekile. Kulesi sikhathi sonke, izibungu kufanele zaneliswe ngama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene. Futhi ebusweni bamanzi bangathatha izinambuzane ezinkulu. Lapho ngifuna ukudla kwezakhamuzi zasolwandle eziningi ezahlukahlukene, nawo ama-larkfish nawo ayahamba.
Indlela yabo ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezi-2 ezinkulu:
- kusuka ekujuleni kwamanzi kuya ebusweni bamanzi. Inhlanzi yomcibisholo yenza uhambo olunjalo nsuku zonke,
- sisuka esifundeni esisogwini siye olwandle oluvulekile - ukufuduka kwezikhathi ezithile kwezikole zezinhlanzi.
I-garfish iyakwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha okukhulu, yenze ukunyakaza okusindisiwe ngomzimba oweluliwe. Futhi, uma kunesidingo, udoba ungagxuma kalula emanzini abo ukuthola isisulu sabo. By the way, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i -fishfish ingagxumela ngisho nasezingqinambeni ezithile. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlanzi eziningi, udarfish awudli ukudla kwezitshalo. Noma ezimweni zokushoda kokudla, ngeke adle ukudla okusajwayelekile.
Iqiniso elikhangayo: igarfish iyahamba, imane yenza ukunyakaza okufana negagasi nomzimba. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi izinhlanzi zingagcini nje ngesivinini esikhulu kakhulu, kepha futhi zifinyelele emanzini. Kwezinye izimo, udarfish ungafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-60 km / h emanzini.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Photo: Garfish olwandle
USargan uvuthwa eneminyaka engu-2. Ngemuva kwalokho izinhlanzi ziqala ukukhahlela. Isilinganiso sobude bempilo yisilinganiso seminyaka engama-6-7. Yize kukhona okuye kwaqoshwa lapho kusendle, i-larkfish yasinda yaya eminyakeni eyi-13 kuya ku-13.
Ukuze iqhume, inhlanzi iya ogwini lolwandle. Isikhathi sokuhlanza sincike ngqo endaweni yezinhlanzi. KuLwandle iMedithera, ukuqala kokuhluma kunguMashi, kepha enyakatho kunguMeyi. Okusho ukuthi, ngokuvamile, i-garfish iyabonakala lapho amanzi efudumala ngokwanele. Kepha kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi ngokuzayo, noma yiziphi izimo zezulu (izinguquko emazingeni okushisa, usawoti wamanzi) ngeke ziphazamise ukuqhekeka, okungaselula izinyanga eziningi. Ngokwezibalo, isiqu saso siwela maphakathi nehlobo. Noma ngabe ezinye izimo zingalungile, lokhu ngeke kusishintshe isimo nganoma iyiphi indlela, futhi kunoma yisiphi isimo i-garfish izobekela amaqanda kwimodi ejwayelekile.
Ukuze ubekele amaqanda, insikazi endala ye-garfish isondela eduze kwe-algae noma i-stony placers. Insikazi ingazalela amaqanda ku-1-15 m.Ngokwesilinganiso, amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 kuya kwangama-50 abekwa ngasikhathi. Amaqanda egarfish akhulu kakhulu - angafinyelela kububanzi obuyi-3.5 mm, futhi abe nesendlalelo esiyindilinga. Ukuze uthole ukuthembeka okuthembekile ngaphansi kwezakhiwo zamatshe noma ngaphansi kwamatshe, imicu yokunamathela itholakala ngokulinganayo egobolondweni lamaqanda.
Fry yakheka ngokushesha okukhulu - imvamisa kuthatha cishe amasonto ama-2. I-garfish encane izalwa ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ngobude, iduna elisanda kuzalwa lingamasentimitha angama-1-1,5, licishe lakhiwe ngomzimba ngokuphelele. Amagilibheli asebenza ngokugcwele, futhi amehlo athuthukiswe kahle akuvumela ukuba uzulazule ngokukhululeka ngisho nasekhanyeni eliphansi. Okubi kakhulu kule minyaka yizimbelezi ze-caudal ne-dorsal. Ngaso leso sikhathi, udotshana usathutha ngokushesha okukhulu.
Faka umbala grey brown. Ukudla kwayo kwenziwa ngaphandle kwezindleko ze-yolk sac - lokhu kuvumela ukuthi i-fry ingazweli isidingo sokudla kwezinsuku ezintathu. Ngemuva kwalokho i-fry iqala ukuzondla ngemibungu yayo yama-mollusks.
Izitha Zemvelo ZaseShargan
Isithombe: Kubukeka kanjani i-garfish?
Emvelweni, kunezitha eziningi embusweni. Lokhu ikakhulukazi mayelana nezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidliwayo (i-tuna, i-bluefish). Amahlengethwa kanye nezinyoni zasolwandle nazo ziyingozi. Ngaso leso sikhathi, eminyakeni yamuva, okuyingozi kakhulu ngengubo kuye kwaba yindoda. Manje isibalo sokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi njengenhlanzi ngokuya ngokudoba siyanda, yingakho ukubamba kukhule kakhulu. Kulesi simo, inani labantu lingancipha kakhulu.
Ngendlela, ingubo ngokwayo ingaba yingozi ngisho nakubantu. Ebusuku, ziyingozi kubantu abahlukahlukene ngoba zibamba kalula ukukhanya kwesibani, zigijimele kuyo. Imihlathi eqinile iyakwazi impela ukulimaza. Kepha lokhu kusebenza kuphela ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu. Abantu abancane cishe abakaze babe nengozi yokuhlasela abantu. Njengoba bengabahlaseli, bazingela izinhlanzi ezincane kuphela. Futhi-ke - imvamisa i-garfish ithanda ukuzingela emaphaketheni, hhayi yodwa.
Izitha zemvelo ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa zibeka ingozi enkulu ku-garfish. Kuyinto i-fry kanye ne-lard ye-garfish etholakala kalula ukuhlasela. Yize abantu abadala futhi bavikela inzalo yabo ngenhlonipho, kepha amaqanda amaningi noFry bayafa, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuthomba. Futhi zingathinteka kabi yizinto zemvelo ngesikhathi senqubo yokufuduka.
Iqiniso elithokozisayo: Izinhlobo ezinkulu zikadarfish zingadala ukulimaza kubadobi, ukuphuma ngokushesha emanzini ngesivinini esikhulu. Imvamisa, lokhu kwenzeka uma garfish ifuna inyamazane noma izama kude nokujaha.
Isimo sabantu kanye nezinhlobo zezinhlobo
Isithombe: Garfish
Cishe akunakwenzeka ukubala ubuningi obuyi-garfish bemvelo. Izinhlanzi zigcwele indawo enamanzi cishe olwandle lonke, abantu bakhona batholakala e-Atlantic, eMedithera nakwezinye izilwandle eziningi. Futhi, ubunzima buhambisana neqiniso lokuthi kwesinye isikhathi kuba nzima ukuhlola ukuhlobana kwezinhlobo, okudala izinkinga ngisho nokulinganiselwa okulinganiselwe kwenani lama barn. Izinkulungwane zamasheya zivumela kuphela ukusho ngokunembile ukuthi ukuqothuka akusongeli i-garfish. Ngokwemininingwane esemthethweni, lo mbala ungolunye lwezinhlobo "ezidala ukukhathazeka okuncane."
Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka ukuthi uthole imininingwane yokuthi ukubanjiswa kwezinhlanzi zikhuphuke kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, lapho lokhu kungahle kwehle inani lazo. Eqinisweni, ukuthandwa akuyona into enhle kangako njengokukhuluma ngokubamba okukhulu. IGarfish, yize idliwa njengokudla, ayisebenzi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaningi benqaba ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi njengokudla, ngakho-ke akunakushiwo ukuthi ukudotshwa kwezinhlanzi kuyindaba yokudoba ngokweqile.
I-Black Sea garfish ibanjwa ngentshiseko. Kepha kunoma yikuphi, lokhu akukhona ukuthi kungakhulunywa ngezindlela zokuvikela uhlobo. Inani labantu lilinganiselwa ezinkulungwaneni eziningi, futhi izimo zemvelo zifaka isandla ekuzaleni kabusha okusebenzayo. Ngendlela, umkhuba wembulunga yonke wokufudumala kwesimo sezulu namanzi olwandle ikakhulukazi unomthelela ekwandeni kwesibalo sengozi, ngoba amanzi afudumele ayindawo enhle kunazo zonke yezinhlanzi.
I-Garfish - izinhlanzi ezidumile phakathi kwabadobi, ezingagcinanga nje ukunambitha inyama, kepha futhi nokubukeka okukhangayo, okuphawuleka okuhlukanisa phakathi kwabanye abamele izinhlobo ezithile ezifanayo. Kungenxa yalesi sizinda ukuthi inani labantu lisanda kwehla kancane, okuholela kwisidingo sokuthatha izinyathelo ezithile zokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo. Ikakhulu, abameli abaningi bezinhlanzi batusa ukunciphisa ukudoba, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhlanza.
5.4 Yikuphi ongakubamba ngokudoba
Lapho udoba i-garfish, ukubhekana nokuphonsa isikhathi eside cishe kuthandwa njalo.
Inketho 1 "Kuzipuni"
Ukuphonsa okungenani 3 m ubude:
- ikhoyili yejubane eliphakeme kakhulu (ngesilinganiso segiya elingaphezu kwesihlanu kuya kwayinye),
- ayaxaka, amancanyana, amabalethi asindayo anemibala ekhanyayo - usayizi ukusuka ku-7 kuye ku-9 cm futhi enesisindo kusuka ku-16 kuye ku-26 g (ngokwesibonelo, iKingtrout, Filur, Trumf),
- isheyidi lokubopha nge-carabiner ngejubane elijikelezayo (ngaphandle kokujikijela), ukukhipha i-torsion yentambo yokudoba,
- umugqa wokudoba we-monofilament - i-0,2 mm, (inikela ekundizeni isikhathi eside kwesipinashi) noma intambo ekhonjiwe,
- I-tee espayidini inamathiselwe kusetshenziswa izindandatho ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 noma ubeke iketanga lensimbi ukuya ku-5 cm ubude Ukuphakamisa nokwenza i-tee liphenye ngokukhululekile ukuze ibambe “uqhwaku” lwenhlanzi namachoko.
Ngabe kukhona okwaziyo ngesibalo samadayivethi okudoba kanye ne-carbines? Bese ufunda le ndatshana lapha
Lapha ungathola ama-swivels ashibhile kakhulu, kepha athembekile nama-carbines nge-aliexpress ngentengo ekhangayo kakhulu! - lapha
Ngubani ongazi okwamanje. Ungabuya ufike ku-15% wentengo yakho yokuthenga kuma-aliexpress. Ngaphezu kwe-aliexpress, ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kubuyiswe imali (ukubuya kwengxenye yemali) kusebenza nakwezinye izitolo eziningi eziku-inthanethi. Nansi incazelo eningile yale nsiza nakho konke mayelana nokuthi ungasebenza kanjani nayo. Kusebenza ngempela futhi kusiza ukonga imali enhle. Iwebhusayithi ebuyisa imali ihlala iphethe ukukhushulwa okuvumela ukuthi uthenge izimpahla ngesaphulelo esifinyelela ku-90%.
Inketho 2 "Ukuntanta"
Ukusaphaza kufika ku-4 m:
- Spinning Reel
- ukuntanta okushelelayo (20 - 40 cm) enephupho elikhanyayo elinomthwalo ongafika ku-5 g,
- umugqa wokudoba omncane ongenabala umbala (obonakalayo) onobubanzi obufika ku-0,25 mm,
- i-leash (0.12 - 015 mm) nobude obungu-0.5 m
- isikhumba sokudoba obomvu (No. 2,5 - 5),
Inketho 3 “Fly ukudoba ngaphandle kokusebenzisa igwegwe”
- ibhola elincanyana lekhukhunathi (elinophawu) linamathiselwe esicongweni sentambo,
- kwenziwa ibhulashi, amafindo entambo kasilika anemibala aze afike ku-15 cm ubude aboshelwe ekugcineni.
Izingcezu zigoqiwe ngesigamu, kwenziwa izingodo futhi zifakwe entanjeni yokudoba ngaphezulu kwe-cork, konke kuqondile futhi kulungiswe ngentambo. Lapho udarfish uthwebula isiheho, izimbotshana ezinjalo zizobamba amazinyo akhe, futhi ngeke akwazi ukuphuma.
- isikhathi sokudoba - ekuseni kakhulu,
- ende
- shayela emanzini ngokushesha
- ukuletha ogwini kakhulu ngenduku yokudoba ukukhipha emanzini
Inketho 4 "Ukubamba emgodleni nokhuni"
Ukusakazwa kwezandla ezimbili:
- Spinning Reel
- umugqa wokudoba u-0,25 mm ubukhulu,
- isinki enesisindo esingu-10-15 g sinamathele komunye umphetho, indandatho yefekthri ene-carbine kanye neswinge kwelinye
- kubude obuyi-10 - 15 cm ukusuka ekhondweni, kufiphaliswa ubude obungu-3-4 cm nobubanzi obuyi-0,2 mm nge-tee encane,
- Ngemuva kwe-10 cm, kufakwe i-leash nge-petal emhlophe emhlophe,
- khona-ke ukuvuza kanye ne-tey futhi kufanelekile.
- izintambo zenziwe ebusweni bamanzi,
- Ungasebenzisa amacembe kanye ophuzi.
Inketho 5 “Ukubamba isihlahla sikaKhisimusi”
- ekuqhumeni - 4 noma 5 cm, lungisa ama-baubles we-2 - 3 noma ama-mormyshki anezingwegwe ezi-2,
- itiye lesiliva.
- isheyizi esingadluli ku-3 cm,
- igquma ebangeni lama-20 - 25 cm
- ukukhiya ispinashi esincane - 100 - 110 cm
- faka izithiyo zesiliva
Inketho 6
I-fiber ye-Carbon ifinyelela kuze kube ngu-8 m ubude:
- Isipinashi noma i-Baitcasting Reel,
- umugqa wokudoba onesilinganiso esingu-0.18 mm,
- intanta enkulu ephakeme nge-antenna ende,
- i-sinker (i-olive) ene-polystyrene eyakhelwe ngaphakathi inamathiselwe kuflat uqobo,
- isisindo esincane - i-pellet inamathiselwe ekugcineni komugqa wokudotshwa kuwo (okunamathiselwe ngentambo) okuxhunyiwe isinqe (ububanzi obuyi-0.15 mm), ubude obungu-25-30 cm,
- i-hook No. 4 - 6 (isinqe eside).
Funda ngokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani indawo efanelekile yokuphamba ngokudoba - lapha
- i-float ikhishwe ekujuleni kwe-1 - 1.5 m,
- ungasebenzisa i-float ene-sinker ecijekile,
- kungenzeka ukubopha iflothi kuze kube sekupheleni komugqa wokudoba nokufafaza ibanga eli-1 m ukusuka kuwo.
Inketho 8 “Ukubamba Ibhomu”
Spinning kuze kufike ku-4 m nenhlama engu-10 - 40 g:
- Spinning Reel
- umugqa wokudotshwa kwe-monofilament (0.32 - 0.35 mm) noma intambo egobekile 0.15 - 0.20 mm,
- amagwegwe No. 6.7 (uthwetshwe emaceleni kanye nengalo ende),
- faka umholi oshaqisayo entanjeni yokudoba, lapho kulungiswa khona ibhomu le-10-40 g,
- ngemuva kokuthi amabhomu abeke ubuhlalu abophe isisulu,
- Leash 2 m kulayini wokudoba nge-swivel.
- babe neziqhumane zezisindo ezahlukene, ngokuya ngesimo sezulu nezimo,
- Sebenzisa intambo emfishane enamasentimitha angu-0,1,
- okokuqala udinga ukuqoqa ukubhekana ngaphandle kweleash, kuphela ngebhomu,
- udinga ukumanzisa umugqa wokudoba, ngoba lokhu kusenziwa kwenziwa ngaphandle kwesithiyo,
- lapho ulayini wokudoba, shanela kancane nge-amplitude enkulu,
- lapho usebenzisa intambo, ukugoqa kwenziwa kuphela ngesandla.
Funda isigaba kumasu akhona wokudoba: izinhlobo, izici, amavidiyo namashadi wokugeleza - lapha
Ividiyo edumile yokuthi ungabamba kanjani u-garfish - ingxenye 1
5.6 Yimaphi amasheyithi kanye nemithiyithi engatholwa yingubo
Izilwane zasekhaya
Izeluleko zezitshalo
Ama-nozzles wokufakelwa
Ama-Spinner:
- oscillating (usayizi 2, 3, isisindo 10 - 20 g, umbala osukwini olunelanga - isiliva, ngosuku olunamafu - umkhondo omnyama,
- ngephethini ye-holographic (ende futhi enesisindo esifinyelela ku-25 g),
- i-oscillating ihlomile kabusha (enamasongo ama-2 amakhulu futhi axhumayo),
- ngebhulashi lesilika.
Okunye:
Konke owawungakwazi mayelana nokubheja kwe-silicone: izinhlobo zazo, izici nezimfihlo - lapha
- Sika inkukhu ngefilimu ibe yimichilo (4 cm), ifilimu izokhombisa amandla lapho isakaza,
- izingcezu zenhlanzi (ama-sardine) nazo ezisikwe esikhunjeni,
- inyama ye-shrimp ayihlali isikhathi eside
- ukugcina i-nereis embizeni yezikelemu, uthele i-vodka, vala isivimbo bese ubeka esiqandisini. Gcina isikhathi esingenamkhawulo.
5.7 Ungaluma kanjani udotshwa
Izinhlanzi ezinamandla, zithanda ukulwa. Nakanjani ukuluma: udonsa umgodi, agwinye isihibe bese ngokushesha emhudonsela emanzini. Musa ukujaha ukugoba ukuze igwegwe lingashabalali. Kodwa-ke, ngokudoba okusebenzayo - udinga ukugoba ngokushesha. Ngemuva kokubopha, igwegwe liqala ukudonsa. Lapho silwa, kuba nomzabalazo ebusweni bamanzi. Ukufika ogwini, kumelana nolaka.
5.8 Ungabamba kanjani udotshwa? - Amasu ayisisekelo
- ngokuluma okuvilaphayo, ukusika kwenziwa ngokunqenqemana imizuzwana embalwa, kuvimbele ispiningi ukuthi siye phansi.
- emanzini angajulile, kusetshenziswa ama-casting eside nama-wading (ukudoba ngokungena emanzini),
- ukudoba endaweni enamadwala kuyingozi ngoba amatshe anomhlaba oshelelayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kungcono ukubamba emanzini. Ikheji libekwe phezu kwebhande,
- ukuze inethi yokubamba ingaphazamisi phakathi nenqubo, kufanelekile ukuyigcina ingemuva kwakho.
- lapho udoba ngenhlabathi enesihlabathi, ikheji alidingeki. Lokhu ugu lukuvumela ukuthi ubambe inhlanzi ngesandla sakho futhi uyisuse ekuhlanganeni,
- yenza izimbotshana zabalandeli, kuqala ogwini lolwandle, bese kuba isigaxa ezindaweni lapho izinhlanzi zibuthelana khona,
- ijubane lokuposa liyashesha, kuvumela ispinishi ukuphuma emanzini,
- lapho umhlaseli enqunywe, i-wiring akumele imiswe, ngoba ingalandelwa yempi,
- uma ungekho ukuluma, shintsha isipinashi sibe umbala ohlukile.
6. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo, angajwayelekile, ahlekisayo ngale nhlanzi
Indlela ethokozisayo yokubhukuda ngokusebenzisa amafolda omzimba angabonakali. Ugxuma uphume emanzini ngamandla. Izintanta ngesivinini esikhulu.
Lapho uphishekela inyamazane noma ingozi (ukwethuka) uyakwazi ukweqa phezu kwesithiyo endleleni. Abantu abakhulu kakhulu bangadala umonakalo kubadobi ezikebheni ngaleso sikhathi.
Umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka wamathambo ubangelwa ukuba khona kwe-biliverdin (ingulube eluhlaza ye-bile) emzimbeni, esesabisayo kweminye iminjunju. Inhlanzi iphephile ukuyidla.