I-AcanththalmusKul ku-vivo uhlala emifuleni egelezayo noma emachibini okukhona kuwo yamanje. Kuthunyelwe kulo lonke elaseMpumalanga Asia, hhayi ezweni kuphela, kepha naseziqhingini.
Le nhlanzi ethokozisayo ifana nenyoka engaphansi kwamanzi. Umzimba uphakama, amaphiko mancane, kepha lokhu akuthinti ijubane lokuhamba acantophthalmus, ngoba ihamba ngokuchitheka komzimba, njengenyoka.
Inhlanzi inekhanda elincane, yona-ke enomlomo omncane. Emlonyeni kukhona izimbotshana ezisiza izinhlanzi ukuba zithole imininingwane mayelana nezinto ezizungezile, ngoba endaweni yemvelo uchitha isikhathi sakhe esiningi phansi, okungukuthi, ebumnyameni.
Isigaxa esivumelekile sikhula ngaphezu kwamehlo. Umbala walezi zinhlobo uwenza uhluke kakhulu - imichilo eshintshashintshayo ihlobisa umzimba wonke. Kokubili owesilisa nowesifazane kubukeka okufanayo, kodwa hhayi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, lapho isisu samantombazane siba yindilinga futhi i-caviar ibonakala ngayo.
Izici nendlela yokuphila
Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningana i-acantophthalmus esithombeni futhi empilweni bahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye, odume kakhulu - acantophthalmus myers. Inhlanzi inombala onsundu ngemivimbo ephuzi ephuzi.
Njengomthetho, ifinyelela amasentimitha angama-9 ukuya kwezi-10, ezimweni ezingatheni kune-tint ebomvu. Iliva elincanyana ngaphezulu kwamehlo lingasindisa ngezikhathi ezithile izinhlanzi ezincane. Ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane Inhlanzi ye-Acantophthalmus ingadliwa izinhlanzi ezinkulu.
Kodwa-ke, lapho esesiswini sesitha, ngosizo lwespike, unqamula indlela yakhe, aqhubeke ephila. Abamele lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo bayazikhukhumeza impela, kepha, njengakho konke okufanayo, kunezimo ezithile eziphoqelekile ukuthi zilandelwe.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu kokuqukethwe kwe-acantophthalmus ukukhetha usayizi ofanele we-aquarium. Uma ufuna ukuthola inhlanzi eyodwa, ungathatha i-aquarium encane yamalitha angama-50, kepha kuyalangazeka ukuthi inaphansi ebanzi. Uma kunezakhamizi ezingaphezu kwe-5 ku-aquarium, khona-ke udinga ukuthenga "igumbi" levolumu elikhudlwana.
Inhlanzi iyiselula kakhulu, iyasebenza, ingagxuma kalula ngaphandle kwe-aquarium, futhi uma inganakiwe ngesikhathi, futhi ingabuyiselwa emanzini, izokufa. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme lesi simo, kubalulekile ukuba nesembozo esiqinile ku-aquarium.
Njengazo zonke izinhlanzi, isihlungi kufanele sisebenze njalo, ubukhulu baso namandla ancike ngosayizi we-aquarium. Imvamisa, isihlungi simbozwa ngemeshini emincane ngokwanele ukuze inhlanzi ingakwazi ukucwila kuyo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma i-acanthophthalmus ingena kwesihlungi, futhi lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yomzimba wayo omncane ohamba ngokuqinisekile, uzokufa.
Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kufaneleke kangcono, ngoba ukukhanya okugqamile kungasabisa izinhlanzi ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlala phansi ebumnyameni ngokuphelele. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi - ama-22-30 degrees, ubulukhuni obulinganiselayo. Imvamisa zonke izinsuku okungenani ama-10% ezinguquko zamanzi.
Abamele izinhlobo zalezi zinhlobo bayathanda ukuzingcwaba emhlabathini, kepha kufanele kwenziwe isihlabathi, esingxenyeni enkulu, noma sibekwe phansi kwamatshe amatshe abushelelezi e-aquarium, ngoba umzimba wale nhlanzi umbozwe esikalini esincane esingasinikezeli isivikelo esifanele lapho sihlikihla endaweni ebukhali.
Ungashintsha lesembozo se-aquarium ngezigxobo ezihlukile, imihlobiso ye-ceramic noma ezinye izimfanelo. Emini, izinhlanzi zizocasha ngentokozo kunoma yiziphi izimbobo ezimnyama. Kepha izitshalo - Inhlanzi ye-acanthophthalmus aquarium impela noma ngabe imiphi imifino ezokuba kuyo.
Abamele izinhlobo zezinhlobo bazizwa bekhululekile phakathi kophondo olujwayelekile naphakathi kokuhlukahluka kwalo okubizayo. Isixazululo esihle kakhulu kungaba ukuthola abantu abathile, njengoba benomlingiswa odlala futhi osebenzayo. Lapho sebedlale ngokwanele, izinhlanzi ziyolala eduze komunye nomunye, kwesinye isikhathi zize ziphambukele ebholeni.
Ukuhambisana kwe-Acanthophthalmus ku-aquarium
Abamele izinhlobo zalezi zinhlobo bahlangana kahle nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlanzi futhi abakwazi ukulimaza noma ngubani, ngakho-ke akukho mkhawulo lapho ukhetha omakhelwane be-aquarium. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwalokhu, ezinye izinhlanzi zingadala ukulimala kule nhlanzi noma zize ziyidle, ngakho-ke akunasidingo ukutshala ama-barbs nezinhlanzi ezi-carnivorous, i-catfish kanye nezinye izakhamuzi ze-nadon, njengoba izingxabano zingavela ngemuva kwesizinda sokuhlukaniswa kwendawo. I-Acantophthalmus ihambisana kahle ne-crucian carp.
Ukudla Okondlekayo nethemba Lokuphila
Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo, abamele izinhlobo zezilwane badla noma yiziphi izinto ezincane eziphilayo ezihlala emhlabathini. Kungakho i-acantophthalmus ekugcinweni nasekunakekelweni kwezinhlanzi ayilula nje kuphela, kodwa futhi iyasebenziseka - ihlanza inhlabathi. Bayakujabulela ukudla udoti wezitshalo noma we-organic, uma besendleleni bahlangana nesibungu esincane sezinambuzane, kuyodliwa nakho.
Ukudla e-aquarium, ukudla okukhona noma okubandayo kwesayizi encane kuhle, kungaba yindlala, njll. I-Acantophthalmus nayo ayizideleli ukudla okwomile kwezinhlanzi ezingaphansi ezinjenge-pellets, amaphilisi okucwila, njll.
Lapho ukhetha indlela odla ngayo, into esemqoka okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukudla okungcono kakhulu kwehlukahlukene, ungahlanganisa ukudla okwomile nokuphila, ukukushintshanisa ngezikhathi ezihlukile zokuphaka, futhi kubuye nokuhlukanisile nokudla ngeminonjana emincane. Ukuzalela kwe-Acanthophthalmus Kubhekwa njengento eyinkimbinkimbi kangangokuba kuvame ukubonakala kungenakwenzeka ku-aquarium.
Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe bezinhlanzi zasemanzini bangawenza lo msebenzi ube yimpilo ngokusebenzisa ama-hormone. I-aquarium e-Spawning kufanele ibe yincane ngosayizi, amanzi - i-acid ethambile nebuthakathaka. Ngaphansi kufanele kufakwe i-mesh. Ku-aquarium eyodwa ekhethiwe, abekho abakhiqizi abangaphezu kuka-5 abangabuyiselwa emuva.
Ngemuva kokuba ukuthutha sekuphothuliwe, kwenziwa imijovo. Cishe amahora angama-8 ngemuva kokuqala kokuhlangana, abesilisa baqala ukuthandana kwabo. Kwenziwa umbhangqwana kusuka kubantu abaningana, oqonde enkabeni ye-aquarium, lapho insikazi ifihla amaqanda amancane.
ICaviar icwila iye ezansi, idlule inethi bese ihlala endaweni ephephile. Uma i-aquarium ingekho enetheni, abazali bayoyidla ngokushesha. Ngosuku, umsila ukhula emaqandeni, lapho kwakheka izibungu zezinsuku ezingama-5, okuthi ngokukhula kwazo nentuthuko ziqale ukondla kakhulu.
Lapho izingane zikhula zifinyelela kumasentimitha amabili zidluliselwa kokuphakelayo okukhulu futhi ekugcineni zidluliselwe ku-aquarium enkulu. Ngenxa yobunzima bokuzalela, ungathenga i-acanthophthalmus kuphela ngentengo ephakeme. Ngokuya ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo, i-acanthophthalmus ingaphila iminyaka eyi-10.
Incazelo nendawo yokuhlala
Amanye amagama e-Acantophthalmus yi-Barbed Eyes, Pangio, Acanthus, Prickly Eye, Leopard Blind, Cinnamon Blind.
Le yinhlanzi enamanzi amnandi omndeni we-loach, enomzimba wenyoka, ongafika ku-12-15 cm ubude ngemivimbo ekhanyayo egqamile.
Amehlo ezinhlanzi ambozwe ngefilimu evikela kakhulu, futhi ngaphansi kwayo kukhona ubuhlalu, obabunikeza igama elithi Prickly-eyed.
Umzimba osicaba, ombozwe izikali, uthambile kancane engxenyeni engezansi, unamaphiko amancane. Izimpondo ezisezinhlangothini zomlomo zisiza izinhlanzi ukuba zihambe emkhathini futhi zifune ukudla.
Lezi zakhamuzi ezithanda ukuthula ezinokuthula zithanda ukuziphilela impilo emnyama.
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-Acantophthalmus yiNdiya nezinye izifunda zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia (Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia), imifudlana, izindawo zemifula ezinesihlabathi nezindawo ezincane ezinamanzi angaphansi enodaka nokugeleza okuzolile. Zincamela izindawo ezinomthunzi ngaphansi kwezihlahla, ikakhulukazi lokhu kuheha izinhlanzi ngoba inhlabathi kulokhu iboshwe ngamaqabunga awile.
Igcina ngamaqembu amancane (yize lokhu kungewona umhlambi wezinhlanzi) noma ngabodwana. Ekhaya, ngokunakekelwa okuhle, angaphila iminyaka eyi-10.
Ukufuya okusebenzayo e-aquarium yenye yezinhlobo ezivamile ze-Acantophthalmus - Kul - kwaqala eminyakeni yama-80s.
Umlando wemvelaphi ye-acantophthalmus
I-Akantophthalmus yinhlanzi engajwayelekile esanda kuvela endaweni yakithi
Igama, elihunyushwe lisuselwa esiLatineni ngokuthi "amehlo aqwebile," atholakala nge-acantophthalmus etholakala ngenxa yobukhona be-spikes, okudala ukuvela kokungabikho kokuphikisana phakathi kwamehlo.
Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo i-acantophthalmus yiNdiya naseSoutheast Asia. Indawo yokuhlala kwalezi zinhlanzi ingamachibi amancanyana anaphansi aphansi futhi ahamba kancane. Bancamela izindawo ezinomthunzi ngaphansi kwamahlamvu noma izihlahla ezishisayo. Ensimini yaseRussia, lezi zinhlanzi zavela okokuqala engxenyeni yokuqala yama-70s yekhulu lokugcina, kwathi ngo-1973 ukuzalaniswa kwazo kwaqala.
Izici ezihehayo
I-Acantophthalphus ayimangazi ngomzimba wayo wezinyoka kuphela, kodwa futhi nangezinye izici ezithokozisayo:
- Inhlanzi inezinhlobo eziningana zokuphefumula - ngesikhumba nangosizo lomoya esiswini. Uyayicosha, ngezikhathi ezithile inyukela phezulu kwichibi.
- Ama-acanthus angamakhampasi angempela ezingcindezi zasemkhathini. Ngesikhathi sokushintshashintsha kwalo, babuthana emhlambini futhi bathuthele ezingxenyeni ezihlukile ze-reservoir, yize besendaweni ezolile bancamela indlela yokuphila ephansi. Lokhu kungenxa yobuchopho bomoya obutholakala emzimbeni wezinhlanzi elukhunjini olukhethekile lwamathambo.
- Ama-spikes ngaphansi kwamehlo abukeka engajwayelekile, kepha abe nomsebenzi owusizo. Basiza izinhlanzi zingene emahlathini ezitshalo zasemanzini. I-acanthus, ijika ikhanda, inamathela otshanini ngesithasiselo futhi idonsa umzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyisikhali esibi futhi sibukhali kakhulu. Uma inhlanzi enkulu igwinyanga i-Akant, eyokugcina iyakwazi, lapho usike isisu somzingeli ngameva, ukubhubhisa umzingeli futhi kukhululeke.
- Ama-acanthus akwazi ukucasha. Ntambama kunzima ukuthola ku-aquarium - agxumela kahle ku-filler engezansi noma acashe phakathi kwamathanga e-algae, izinto zokuhlobisa, enza amabhola.
Ukubukeka nendlela yokuphila
I-Acantophthalmus - izakhamizi zasebusuku ezinomlingiswa ozolile
I-Acantophthalmus inesigaxa senyoka, esithambile kancane ezinhlangothini. Ubude bezinhlanzi bufika ku-12 cm. Umzimba wakhe, ngaphezu kwekhanda, umbozwe ngezikali ezincane. Inhlanzi ipendiwe ngombala wewolintshi ogqamile noma opinki ngemivimbo emnyama eshintshashintshayo (kusuka koshokholethi kuya cishe kumnyama), edlula kuwo wonke umzimba. Amehlo embozwe ifilimu esivikela ngokusobala, ngaphansi kwawo kukhona ameva. Eduze komlomo kukhona izimpondo ezincane. Ngosizo lwabo, izinhlanzi zifuna ukudla.
Ikhanda le-acantophthalmus lincane uma liqhathaniswa nomzimba. Ngemuva komzimba kukhona amaphiko amancane. Abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa. Futhi, insikazi ingahlukaniswa yisisu esisobala, lapho amaqanda aluhlaza abonakala khona.
Indlela yokuphila kwalezi zinhlanzi ayihambanga ngobusuku, ngoba kungalesi sikhathi sosuku lapho bakhombisa umsebenzi ophakeme kakhulu. Ntambama, inhlanzi igobhoza esihlabathini noma ifihle emigodini. E-aquarium, baziphatha ngokuthula impela. Ama-acantophthalmuses azizwa eyedwa. Azigcwali, ukuze ukwazi ukugcina umuntu oyedwa ku-aquarium. Kepha kungcono ukubeka izakhamizi ezingama-5-6 emanzini, ngoba lokhu kuvumela ukuthi zikhuthale.
Acantophthalmus cul
I-Pangio (Acanthophtalmus) phei sumatranus yiyona inhlobo ye-Acanthus evame kakhulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Igama lakhona lanikezwa ukuhlonipha isazi sezilwane saseJalimane uHeinrich Kühl, yize sachazwa okokuqala ngumFulentshi Achil Valenciennes.
Umzimba omude (8-13 cm) uthambile kusuka emaceleni futhi ikakhulukazi emsileni. I-plumage icishe ifinyeleleke, futhi i-dorsal fin iguqulwe ngokuqinile iye ekugcineni komzimba. Umlomo utholakala uphansi kakhulu futhi uhlanganiswe ngamazinyo we-pharyngeal, azungezile ngamabili amabele wezintokazi.
Izibungu ezingaphansi kwamehlo ziqiniswe ngefilimu ziphindwe kabili. Umbala oyinhloko usuka ku-pinkish uye ku-orange oqinisi. Imivimbo igqamile kancane futhi ingasukela ku-6 iye ku-20.
Lezi zinhlanzi ezinokuthula kufanele zihambelane nezakhamuzi zasemanzini ezolile - i-discus, i-bowfish, i-pecilia, i-lalius, ama-macropode. Ngasikhathi sinye, bayakwazi ukuphila iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10.
Acanthophthalmus Myers
I-Pangio myersi, i-Acanthophthalmus myersi uhlobo lwe-aquarium olukhulu kakhulu lwe-Acanthus (ngaphezu kuka-12 cm). Umzimba awusiwona nje kuphela, kodwa futhi mkhulu futhi ngokuphelele (ngaphandle kwekhanda) embozwe esikalini esincane.
Ameva ngaphansi kwamehlo afihlekile, i-antennae eduze komlomo imathathu. Isendlalelo esikhulu somzimba siphuzi esimnyama noma obomvu. Imichilo icishe ibe nsundu futhi kukhona kusuka ku-10 kuye kwele-14. Isikhathi sokuphila cishe siyiminyaka emi-5.
Isingeniso
I-Akantofalmus ayikho phakathi kwezakhamuzi ezithandwayo nezidumile zase-aquarium. Igama lezinhlanzi ngesiLatini lizwakala njenge- “acanthopthalmus” noma “pangio”, elihumusha ngokuthi “amehlo aqhekezayo”. Enye yezimpawu zalesi sidalwa ngamehlo ayo - azungezwe yi-corolla enameva, ngakho-ke i-contour yamehlo ibukeka sengathi idwenguliwe.
Ukuchazwa kokuqala kwe-acantophthalmus kwenziwa ngo-1846. Endle, le nhlanzi ihlala ezindaweni zokugcina zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia - eSumatra, eSingapore, eMalaysia, eziqhingini zaseJava naseBorneo futhi ithanda imifula egeleza kancane nemifudlana yezintaba. Inhlanzi ihola indlela yokuphila eseduze futhi phansi futhi isebenza ebusuku. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-acanthophthalmus ingaphila ngamaqembu amancane, kepha le nhlanzi ayithathwa njengemihlambi.
Ukuvela kwe-acantophthalmus kufana ne-loach noma inyoka encane - ngesikhathi sokuphila kwayo ihlala ihlangana futhi ihamba phakathi kwe-algae kanye nezibambo ngaphansi kwemizimba yamanzi. Umzimba wezinhlanzi udlulile futhi ucindezelwe ngaphesheya ezinhlangothini, wonke amaphiko mancane (awahlanganyeli ekuhambeni kwe-acanthophthalmus, inhlanzi ihamba kuphela ngenxa yomzimba omude noweselula). Engxenyeni engezansi yekhanda kunomlomo omncane onamaphinifa ama-4 wezimbotshana (enazo izinto zezinhlanzi ezisendleleni). Isikebhe esenziwe ngendlakadla etholakala eduze kwamehlo amancane. Isikhumba se-Acantophthalmus sibushelelezi obukhulu ngezikali ezincane, okubuye kwandise ukugeleza kwezinhlanzi.
Inhlanzi ingakhula ize ibe ngu-12 cm ubude, ezinye izinkomba zifinyelela ku-13 cm. Kufika emapheshana angama-20 wombala onsundu amnyama atholakala kuwo wonke umzimba we-acanthophthalmus, lapho ufana nenduku yamaphoyisa, ngakho inhlanzi yathola igama lesidlaliso "iphoyisa lomgwaqo".
Emvelweni, i-acanthophthalmus ingaphila iminyaka eyi-10. Isikhathi se-aquarium assimens sincane - iminyaka emi-5 noma eyi-6 kuphela.
Ukuze i-acantophthalmus iphile kahle, izimo zabo zokuboshwa kumele zibe zemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Izici ze-acantophthalmus Kul, i-Myers nengxenye-yebhande - itafula
Acantophthalmus Kul | Acanthophthalmus Myers | Acanthophthalmus uhhafu wemabhele | |
Umzimba | Ngokubukeka kufana ne-eel. Umzimba wenyoka, ucindezelwe ngokusobala ezinhlangothini. Amaphiko mancane. Umlomo uphansi, eduze kwawo kukhona amazinyane amane abuthakathi. Amehlo mancane, ambozwe ifilimu, omunye ameva abekwa ngaphansi kwawo. | UMyer unamabhangqwana ama-3 wezinyanga. Bona, njengoKul, banama-spikes ngaphansi kwamehlo nefilimu yokuzivikela. | Umzimba wenyoka, eduze nomsila ukhule kancane. Umlomo uphansi, kunezimbambo ezintathu zezintuthwane. |
Umbala | Umbala wenhlanzi ungaba opinki noma o-orenji-ophuzi ngemivimbo emnyama. Inani labo emzimbeni lifinyelela izingcezu ezi-6 kuya kwezingu-20. | Umbala wenhlanzi uhluka kusuka kokubomvu kuya kokuphuzi. Emzimbeni kuvela imivimbo engu-10 kuya kwayi-14 imicu emnyama ebanzi. | Isici salezi zinhlanzi umbala. Imivimbo, nayo enombala onsundu omnyama, ayivali esiswini. Inani labo yizicucu eziyi-12-16. Imivimbo emithathu kuphela exhunyiwe eduze kwekhanda nenye ngaphezulu eduze komsila. |
Ubukhulu | Acantophthalmus Kul ukhula ngobude kuya 9-12 cm. | I-Myers nayo inosayizi omkhulu. Ubude bawo buyi-12 cm, kepha le nhlanzi ibanzi ngokugqamile kunezinye izinhlobo. | Ubukhulu beHalf Belted buncane - 8 cm. |
Isikhathi sokuphila | Abamele lolu hlobo baphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10. | Inhlanzi ihlala iminyaka emi-5. | Isikhathi sokuphila asidluli iminyaka emi-5. |
Izidingo ze-Aquarium
I-Acantophthalmus ihola indlela yokuphila ye-benthic, ngakho-ke, i-aquarium kufanele ibe nesisekelo esikhulu - lokhu kungatholakala uma i-aquarium inxande futhi iqonde (i-aquarium eyindilinga yalezi zinhlanzi ayifanele). Kuma-acanthophthalmus angu-5-7, umthamo wethangi kufanele usukele kumalitha angama-70. Ukuhlobisa i-driftwood kanye ne-grottoes, i-algae eminyene ibekwe phansi kwe-aquarium.
Ngaphandle kokuhluleka, i-aquarium ifakwe ngesembozo - kwezinye izikhathi, i-acanthophthalmus ingagxuma iphume emanzini.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukufaka i-compressor e-aquarium. Ngesikhathi se-aeration, kubalulekile ukuthi ama-bubble womoya aqondwe kusukela phansi kuya ezingqekweni zamanzi ezingenhla. Ngokuhlanjululwa kwamanzi kuyelulekwa ukusebenzisa isihlungi esingezansi noma isihlungi sangaphakathi esinamandla aphakathi.
Izidingo zamanzi
Izinga lokushisa elilungile lokuqukethwe kwe-acanthophthalmus libhekwa lisuka kuma-22 liye kuma-28 degrees. Ukugcwalisa i-aquarium thatha amanzi amuncu kancane wobulukhuni obuphakathi.
Ngokuwohloka kwekhwalithi yendawo yasemanzini, i-acanthophthalmus ivame ukukhuphukela phezulu.
Izidingo zebanga nokukhanya
Isihlabathi samalahle noma amatshe amatshe anezinhlayiya ezincane abekwa ezansi kwe-aquarium. Kubalulekile ukuthi kungabikho migqa ebukhali enhlabathini engezansi: i-acantophthalmus ithanda ukudabula inhlabathi futhi kubalulekile ukuthi inhlanzi ingalimazi ngezinto zayo.
I-Acantophthalmus ayidingi inala yokukhanya okukhanyayo. Kungcono ukubeka i-aquarium engxenyeni enwebekile yegumbi, lapho ukukhanya kuzobe kuseduze kwendawo yemvelo yezinhlanzi.
Ungayondla kanjani i-acanthophthalmus
Ekudleni, i-acanthophthalmus futhi ibheka izici zokuphila kwabo. Lezi zinhlanzi zondliwa eduze nobusuku, okungenani amahora ama-3 ngaphambi kokucisha amalambu. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinhlayiya zokudla ziwe phansi.
Njengezinye izakhamizi zase-aquarium, asikho isidingo se-acanthophthalmus ngokweqile. Ukuphakelwa kokuphakelayo kufanele kudliwe ngemizuzu emi-5.
Kumenyu yalezi zinhlanzi kufanele kube nokudla okubukhoma: iminenkezo emincane, ishubhu, iminyundu yegazi, izigcawu nezinqola. I-Dry feed yethulwa ngendlela yamathebulethi akhethekile wokudla okuphansi, aqukethe i-spirulina kanye nemicu yezitshalo. Ama-TetraRubin noma ama-TetraPro Color Crips feeds aqukethe ama-carotenoids wemvelo anconyiwe (lezi zinto zenza umbala we-fish britter).
Ukudla kwezinhlanzi bukhoma kuwumthombo wamaprotheni namavithamini adayidwa kalula. Ububi bayo ukuthi ama-crustaceans adliwayo kanye neminenke kungaba ngumthombo wokutheleleka kwezifo nezinto ezinobuthi. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, ukudla okubukhoma kutholakala ngaphambi kwegciwane (kugcinwe kusisombululo se-Ichthyphor cishe isigamu sehora).
Ukudla okufakiwe kubuye kusetshenziselwe ukondla i-acanthophthalmus - atholakala ngohlobo lwama-cubes futhi akulungele ukusetshenziswa ngokuphelele. Akukho ukutheleleka okuyingozi kokuphakelayo okunjalo, kepha ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa alahlekelwa ezinye izakhiwo eziwusizo.
Izimo ze-Aquarium
I-Acantophthalmus idinga i-aquarium elungiselelwe kahle enezindawo zokukhosela
Izinhlanzi zidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokufiphele. Kwezilwane ezi-5-6, i-aquarium yamalitha angama-70-100 iyadingeka. Kumele imbozwe ngesembozo, ngoba i-acanthophthalmus ingaphuma. Kulokhu, shiya igebe lokudla komoya.
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi ku-aquarium kufanele libe ku-22-31 ° С, acidity - pH 5.5-7.4, ubulukhuni - 5-9 dGH. Futhi, ithangi kumele lihlomele kahle:
- Ingqimba yamatshe amatshe amahle noma isihlabathi ithululelwa phansi. Ubukhulu bawo kufanele bube bunjengokuthi izinhlanzi zingasheba emhlabathini.
- Imifino nayo ibekwa e-aquarium: iJavanese moss, i-Thai fern, iminduze yamanzi ehlathi.
- Njengoba izindawo zokukhosela ze-acanthophthalmus, amatshe ayizicaba, ama-rhizomes noma ama-driftwood afanelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukufaka isihlungi sokuhlanza inhlabathi.
Kubalulekile! Akunconyelwe ukubeka amatshe ku-aquarium, ngoba inendawo evundayo engadala ukulimala kwezinhlanzi.
Ungondla kanjani abakhileyo?
Kungcono ukuthenga ukudla kwezinhlanzi
I-acanththalmus idinga ukondliwa kusihlwa amahora angama-2-3 ngaphambi kokukhanya. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi ukudla kuzikalela phansi.
Kubalulekile! Thela inani elinjalo lokudla ku-aquarium lapho izinhlanzi zidla khona imizuzu emihlanu.
Kudliwa iminenkethi emincane, umakhi washubhu, umhlonyane wegazi, izigcawu, i-enchitrea, nokunakekelwa. I-Acanthophthalmus nayo idla ngokudla okwomile nokuqandisiwe. Iqembu lokuqala lifaka amaphilisi wokudla ongezansi, ahlanganiswe ngemicu yezitshalo ne-spirulina, ngokwesibonelo iWardley Spirulina Discs. Okwe-acanthophthalmus, umuntu angancoma okuphakelayo okunje: iTetraRubin noma iTetraPro Color Crips. Kubandakanya ama-carotenoids wemvelo yemvelo, athuthukisa umbala wezinhlanzi.
Kanye nokudla okubukhoma, izinhlanzi zithola inani elikhulu lamaprotheni anokugaya kalula namavithamini. Kepha kunenkinga. Izinto eziphilayo zingaba abathwali bezifo ezithathelanayo, futhi ziqukethe izinto ezinobuthi. Ngakho-ke, ukudla okunjalo kunconyelwa ukuthi kungabulazwa magciwane. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa isixazululo se-Ichthifor yezidakamizwa (amaconsi angama-50 nge-100 ml yamanzi). Ukudla kuthambisa imizuzu engama-20-30.
Enye inketho yokudla ingumkhiqizo weqhwa, otholakala ngohlobo lwama-cubes. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa.
Kubalulekile! Inzuzo yokudla eqandisiwe ukungabi bikho kwezifo, kepha ngenxa yokuyicubungula ilahlekelwa ezinye zezakhiwo zayo ezizuzisayo.
Ukusakazeka kwe-acanthophthalmus
Inqubo yokwenziwa kabusha kwe-acanthophthalmus ayinakubizwa ngokuthi elula. Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-aquarium, izivuseleli zamahomoni zisetshenziselwa ukukhipha lezi zinhlanzi. I-Acanthophthalmus iba nocansi isikhathi esingangonyaka, kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-10.
Ukuzalanisa, lungiselela i-aquarium ngamalitha angama-50-70. Ukuvikela amaqanda ukuthi angadliwa yizinhlanzi zabazali, ingaphansi lomsuka limbozwe ngenethi ekhethekile. I-aquarium igcwele amanzi axazululiwe ngokusabela okuncane kwe-acid kanye nokushisa okungama-degrees angama-27. Ukukhanya kunqotshwe, kulingisa indawo yemvelo ye-acanthophthalmus.
Owesifazane nabesilisa abane noma aba-5 babamba iqhaza ekuzaleni.
Cabanga ngale nqubo ngezigaba:
- Ngaphambi kokuzalela, i-pair yabakhiqizi ifakwe nge-chorionic gonadotropin (umthamo ngqo kufanele uchazwe uchwepheshe). Ngaphambi kwale nqubo, izinhlanzi zifakwa esitsheni esilungiselelwe (3 L) ngenani elincane le-novocaine. Ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-10, inhlanzi ibamba (i-novocaine isebenza njenge-anesthetic) futhi ungaqhubeka nokusebenza.
- Inhlanzi idluliselwa ngokucophelela kwipuleti ngoboya obumanzi bekotoni noma i-gauze bese icindezela ikhanda layo ngobunono.
- Umuthi ufakwa emgodini wesisu osondelene ne-fin, inalithi iqondiswe ekhanda.
- Ngemuva kokukhohlisa, inhlanzi ibuyiselwa ekukhuliseni. Ngemuva kwamahora angama-6-8, insikazi iqala ukuphuma. Ukhiqiza amaqanda afinyelela kuma-700 ngasikhathi.
- Ngemuva kokuhlakazeka, abazali-izinhlanzi babuyiselwa ku-aquarium ejwayelekile.
Ngosuku olulandelayo, emaqanda avundisiwe, ama-ponytails akhula. Ngemuva kwezinye izinsuku ezingama-4-5, izingane ziqala ukudla. Njengokudla kokuqala, i-acantophthalmus Fry inikezwa uthuli bukhoma nama-rotifers. Cishe emavikini amabili eminyaka ubudala, umzimba wefry umbozwe amabala obudala, ngenyanga bekhula bafinyelele ku-2-2,5 cm.Kusuka lesi sikhathi, kufakwa ukudla okunkudlwana ekudleni kwabo: i-daphnia, i-brine shrimp, i-bloodworms, ishubhu kanye namaphilisi okuchoboza. Amaviki angama-5-6 ngemuva kokusakazeka, ukuthosa kungadluliselwa kwi-aquarium ejwayelekile.
Isifo se-Acanthophthalmus
Njengezinhlanzi eziningi ze-aquarium, i-acanthophthalmus imelana nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Kepha kunezinkinga ezithile.
I-Acantophthalmus iyabonakala futhi ithambekele ekufutheni ngokweqile. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kubalulekile ukugcina uhlelo lokudla futhi unganikeli inhlanzi ukudla okuningi. Kanye ngesonto, i-acanthophthalmus iphindwe kathathu ngosuku lokuzila futhi ayinikezwe ukudla nhlobo.
Enye isifo i-acantophthalmus etholakala kuyo yi-ichthyophthyroidism. Lesi sifo sinemvelo yokutheleleka, umenzeli waso we-causative yi-ciliary infusoria ichthyophthirius. Kuvela imizimba yezinhlanzi ezincane ezimhlophe. Uma ungasilaphi lesi sifo kusukela ekuqaleni, inhlanzi ingafa. Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zesifo, kuyadingeka:
- 2-3 degrees ukukhulisa izinga lokushisa kwamanzi. Emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, ukuzivikela kwezinhlanzi kusebenze futhi umjikelezo wokuthuthuka kwezidalwa ezihlaselayo ushesha kakhulu (basheshe baphume futhi bafe).
- Inani elincane eliluhlaza lwe-malachite lingezwa ku-aquarium. Lokhu kwenziwa nsuku zonke kuze kube yilapho amashubhu emzimbeni wezinhlanzi enyamalala ngokuphelele.
- Ngosuku lwe-6 lokwelashwa, umthamo wamanzi uguqulwa.
Ukuze uthuthukise isenzo sama-malachite greens, kufakwa i-5% ye-alcohol solution i-iodine. Kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa lamanzi elingaba ngama-28 degrees phakathi nayo yonke le nkathi yokwelashwa.
Enye inkinga ye-acantophthalmus yi-amoebiasis. Umthombo walesi sifo yi-amoeba eyisithelo. Inhlanzi egulayo iqala ukuphefumula ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kwe-amoebiasis, i-tirinidazole isetshenziswa - isidalwa esigulayo sibekwa kubhavu nalesi sikhungo bese sigcinwa amahora amane. Ekupheleni kokwelashwa, i-aquarium ibulawa ngamakhambi nge-3% formalin solution.
Ngokuyisisekelo, bakhuluma ngezinhlobo ezintathu ze-aquaphthalmus, ezingagcinwa ezimweni ze-aquarium.
Ihambisana nezinye izilwane
I-Akantophthalmus yisakhamuzi esinokuthula okungafanele sigcinwe nezinhlanzi ezisebenzayo kakhulu
Njengomakhelwane be-acanthophthalmus, izinhlanzi ezincane ezinomqondo opholile kufanele zikhethwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-tetras, ama-shrimps, ama-gurus, ama-zebrafish, ama-apistograms, okhalweni lwase-Asia, i-sklyarii. Futhi abantu abakhulu noma izinhlanzi ezithambekele ekuziphatheni okuyindawo kufanele zigwenywe. Kuyinto engathandeki ukuhlanganisa i-acanthophthalmus ngama-akars, i-astronotus, i-crucian carp, i-carps, ama-cichlid, kanye ne-bots, ehamba phambili kakhulu. Umsebenzi onjalo ungaphazamisa ukuthula kwe-acanthophalmuses.
Acantophthalmus Kul
I-Acantophthalmus Kühl (Acanthophthalmus Kuhlii) ngokubukeka ifana nenyoka ebushelelezi. Le nhlanzi epinki ephuzi ikhula ifinyelele ku-10 cm ubude, inamaphiko athambile futhi amancanyana, eduze nokuvulwa komlomo - ngamabhuzu amathathu amabhulukwe. Ngaphansi kwamehlo ezinhlanzi kukhona izikhala ezibukhali, okuthi izinhlanzi zibizwe ngokuthi "ama-prickly-eyed". Phezu kobubanzi bomzimba bodwa imivimbo engu-17 ibheke phezulu ngombala onsundu.
E-aquarium, amehlo prickly ahola indlela yokuphila benthic futhi abakhuthele ebusuku. Ayinazici kokuqukethwe.
Acanthophthalmus Myers
I-Acantophthalmus Myers (Pangio myersi, Acanthophthalmus myersi) ifana kakhulu nezinhlobo ezichazwe ngenhla, kodwa ubukhulu bawo bukhulu. Umbala wenhlanzi unombala o-orenji okhanyayo; imicu emnyama noma emnyama imidabula yonke indawo yomzimba. Ekhanda lezinhlanzi zaloluhlobo kunezikali ezincane, wonke amaphiko mancane, ngaphandle kwemikhawulo ebukhali. Kukhona ameva eduze kwamehlo, amadevu eduze komlomo.
Ekulondolozeni nasekunakekeleni, akuhlukile ezihlotsheni zayo.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- Ameva atholakala ngaphansi kwe-acanthophthalmus ngaphansi kwamehlo azisiza ukuba zingene emifantweni emincane. Inhlanzi iqala iphendule ikhanda, bese ibambelela entweni ethile bese idonswa phambili.
- I-Acanthophthalmus inokuphefumula kwamathumbu. Zidonsa nomoya-mpilo esikhunjeni.
- Ukuziphatha kwenhlanzi kulawulwa yi-bubble yomoya, etholakala kulwelwazana lwamathambo. Ngokuncipha kwengcindezi yasemkhathini ngenxa yomsebenzi walesi sitho, i-acantophthalmus iba namandla kakhulu bese iqala ukubhukuda ngejubane eliphezulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuvame ukukhuphukela ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zamanzi, yize phansi kuyindawo yezinhlanzi. Kepha lokho kuziphatha kungakhombisi kuphela izinguquko ekucindezelweni komkhathi, kepha futhi nokungcoliswa kwamanzi, lapho i-acanthophalmus iba nokungakhululeki.
Acanthophthalmus uhhafu wemabhele
I-Akantophthalmus (Acanthophthalmus semicinctus, Pangio semicincta) ene-Half-belling ifana nenduku ethambile yokwenza imibala yesihlabathi ngemivimbo emile mpo ngombala omnyama. Akunasikali ekhanda lezinhlanzi, kepha zimboza umzimba wonke ngokulinganayo. Amehlo ezinhlanzi mancane futhi ambozwe ifilimu emfishane, enza umsebenzi wokuzivikela. Kukhona ameva afihlekile ngaphansi kwamehlo (elilodwa ngaphansi kwesandla ngasinye). Amaphiko mancane futhi athambile, ama-dorsal fin ngandlela thile aseceleni.
Abamele izinhlobo zezinto abanazo izici ekunakekelweni nasekuphathweni.
Ama-nuances okuzala izinhlanzi
I-Acantophthalmus ekuthunjweni ivela kuphela ngemithi ye-hormonal
Amaqabunga aqhamuka e-acanthophthalmus e-aquarium atholakala kusetshenziswa imijovo ye-hormonal. Ukuqhekeka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izithasiselo kuyenzeka futhi, kepha namuhla kuphela kubhalwe amacala angawodwa. Izinhlanzi zifinyelela ekukhulelweni ngezinyanga eziyi-10-12.
Ukuze uqhume, lungiselela i-aquarium ehlukile enomthamo wamalitha angama-50-70. Phansi udinga ukubeka igridi ehlukanisayo, ezovimbela inhlanzi ekudleni amaqanda. Ukushisa kwamanzi kugcinwa ku-27 ° C, i-acidity yi-pH 6.5. Ukukhanya kufanele kube kufiphele. Ukuze zizalwe, kuzodingeka owesilisa oyedwa nowesilisa 4-5.
Kubalulekile! Kubalulekile ukufaka inetha ekuqhekekeni, ngaphandle kwalokho izinhlanzi zizodla i-caviar.
Inqubo inezici ezilandelayo:
- Okokuqala, abakhiqizi kufanele bathole imijovo ye-hormonal ye-chorionic gonadotropin. Mayelana nomthamo oqondile, kungcono ukubonisana nabasebenza ngokuzivocavoca i-ichthyologists. Ukuze kungalimazi inhlanzi ngesikhathi somjovo, kufanele ibekwe kuqala kwijig ekhethekile engu-3 litre bese ifaka amaconsi amabili e-novocaine lapho. Ngemuva kwemizuzu eyi-10, i-acanthophthalmus iyeka ukunyakaza, ngemuva kwalokho ungaqala ukusebenza.
- Inhlanzi idluliselwa epuleteni ngoboya bekotini obunyinyithekile, ikhanda liphinde licindezelwe ngocezu loboya obumanzi bekotini.
- Ngokulandelayo, injekishini yenziwa esifundeni sesisu esiseduze kwase-fa. Inaliti kufanele iqondiswe ekhanda.
- Ngemuva kokuba inqubo isiqediwe, inhlanzi ibekwa ku-aquarium. Ukunwebeka kuqala emahoreni angama-6-8. Ukukhiqizwa kowesifazane oyedwa kufinyelela amaqanda angama-700.
- Ngemuva kokuqothuka kuqediwe, abakhiqizi bayiswa e-aquarium ejwayelekile. I-larvae izokwakheka ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3.
Ngemuva kwamahora angama-24 ngemuva kokuhluma, amaqanda asevele akha ama-ponytails. Ngosuku 4-5, gazinga liqala ukudla. I-Acanththalmus starter feed ngothuli olubukhoma nama-rotifers. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, i-fry izombozwa ngezindawo zobudala obuncane, bese kuthi emva kwenyanga bakhule babe ngama-2-2.5 cm. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazofaka ifishi elikhulu ekudleni kwabo: i-daphnia, i-artemia, i-bloodworm, ishubhu kanye namaphilisi achotshoziwe. Eminyakeni yamaviki ama-5-6, gazinga ingathuthelwa e-aquarium.
Izifo nokwelashwa
I-Acanthophthalmus ihloselwe ukukhuluphala. Kulokhu, ukuze ulondoloze impilo yezinhlanzi, kufanele ulandele imithetho yokuphana futhi ungaziniki ukudla imizuzu engaphezu kwemihlanu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usuku olulodwa ngesonto kufanele ukulayisha. Okusho ukuthi, izinhlanzi azidingi ukunikeza ukudla ngalesi sikhathi.
I-Acantophthalmus nayo ine-ichthyophthyroidism. Lesi yisifo semvelo esithathelwanayo, esizibonakalisa ngesimo samabhubhu amhlophe amhlophe emzimbeni wezinhlanzi. Uma kungalashwa, i-acanthophthalmus iyafa. Kulula kakhulu ukuqeda lesi sifo phambi kwamaphoyinti amabili noma amabili. Esigabeni esithuthukile, kunzima kakhulu ukwelapha i-ichthyophthyroidism. Izenzo zakho ekutholeni izimpawu zesifo:
- Okokuqala udinga ukwenyusa izinga lokushisa lamanzi ngama-degrees angama-2-3. Lokhu kuzosheshisa imijikelezo yempilo yama-ichthyophthiruses (amapharagwala adonsela phambili ukukhula kwalesi sifo), ngenxa yalokho azophuma ngokushesha afe. Futhi, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kuthuthukisa amasosha omzimba wezinhlanzi.
- Ngokulandelayo, imifino ye-malachite kufanele ingezwe ku-aquarium. Umuthi kufanele usetshenziswe nsuku zonke kuze kube yilapho ama-tubercles enyamalala nezinye izinsuku ezimbili.
- Ngemuva kwesicelo sesithupha, kubalulekile ukubuyisela ingxenye yevolumu yamanzi. Qinisa umphumela wama-malachite greens kuzosiza i-5% utshwala tincture we-iodine. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele lihambisane no-27- 28 ° С.
I-acantophthalmus ingadala i-amoebiasis, imbangela yayo yi-amoeba eyisinambuzane. Lesi sifo singabonakala ngokuphefumula ngokushesha kwenhlanzi. I-Amoebiasis iphathwa nge-tinizadol. Ukusuka kulokhu kulungiswa kubhafa lapho kubekwa khona inhlanzi egulayo amahora amane.
I-aquarium ibulawa ngamakhambi nge-3% formalin solution, bese igezwa kahle.Kwi-prophylaxis, kunconyelwa ukubeka i-acanthophthalmus okwemizuzu eyi-10- 20 ngemuva kokuthenga umuthi we-FMS kusixazululo, ngemuva kwalokho inhlanzi kufanele idluliselwe kwesigamu sehora esitsheni esinamanzi ahlanzekile kanye nokusiza okuhle. Ngemuva kwalokho zingatshalwa ku-aquarium.
Lapho ugcina i-acanthophthalmus, kuyadingeka ukunamathela ezindinganisweni ezithile zokushisa, acidity nobunzima bamanzi. Futhi ulandele imithetho yezondlamzimba. Lokhu kuzovikela ukukhula kwezifo zenhlanzi. Ukuzala i-acanthophthalmus inqubo ethatha isikhathi. Kepha ngendlela efanele, ukuthola inzalo kungenzeka.
Izimanga ezinhle
Ameva angaphansi kwamehlo e-acanthophthalmus asiza izinhlanzi ukuba zingene emahlathini ezitshalo ze-benthic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ameva asebenza njengesikhali salezi zidalwa ezimangazayo: uma umhlaseli egwinya ngokuphelele i-acantophthalmus, iliva lidabula esiswini somuntu, likhulula umnikazi walo enkululekweni.
Half-Belt Acanththalmus
I-Pangio (Acanthophthalmus) semicinctus ayihlukile kakhulu kubalingani bayo. Ubude bomzimba obufushane kuphela (kufika ku-8-9 cm) kanye nomnikazi wemivimbo engavali esiswini, enikeze igama lezinhlobonhlobo. Kepha imigqa emibili ekhanda ihlala ivaliwe njalo emzimbeni wayo usuka ku-12 uye ku-16.
Le Acanthus inezimbili ezintathu zezintuthwane, isikhathi sokuphila sifinyelela eminyakeni emi-5.
Ezinye izinhlobo eziningi ziyatholakala futhi emachibini asekhaya, ngokwesibonelo, iSolfordi Pangio (Acanthophtalmus) sholfordi, Pangio (Acanthophtalmus) cuneovirgatus, Pangio (Acanthophtalmus) robiginosus.
Izisekelo ze-Aquarium
I-Akantophthalmus yinhlanzi engenakunyakaziswa futhi akunzima ukuyigcina e-aquarium.
I-Acanthus ihola indlela yokuphila enobungqabavu kanye nemingcele efanelekile yokulungiswa kwayo kwe-aquarium imi kanje:
- Umthamo wethangi oyifunayo kubantu abangu-5-8 cishe amalitha ayi-100-120.
- Inhlabathi enhle kakhulu inesihlabathi somfula esihle. Amaphayiphu awathandeki, ngoba ama-acanthus athanda ukuzingcwaba kusihlungi futhi angakhubazeka.
- Echibini lokufakelwa, kufanele kube nokuhlobisa ngesimo semihume, i-grottoes, imigodi, izinqwaba zamatshe, ama-halves amagobolondo kakhukhunathi, ngoba i-Acanthus ithanda ukucasha emthunzini phakathi nosuku.
- Ama-Aquafilters namadivayisi we-aeration ayadingeka, kepha ukuvuleka kwawo kokudla kufanele kufakwe emgodini wokuvikela, ngoba umzimba omncane no-Akant omncane ungangena kalula emishini.
- Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube kufiphele, i-Acanthophthalmus ifana nomthunzi oyingxenye.
- Amanzi asemanzini kufanele ahlangabezane nemingcele elandelayo: izinga lokushisa + 21 ... + 27 ° C, ubulukhuni - 5-10 dH, i-acidity ebangeni le-5-5.8 pH.
Ngezikhathi ezithile i-Acanthus ikhuphukela phezulu kwamanzi ukugcwalisa isisu ngomoya, kepha uma lokhu kwenzeka kaningi, khona-ke okuthile okusendaweni yemvelo yalesi sihlahla akuhlelekile. Siphon umhlabathi bese ubeka amanye amanzi.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi u-Akant "angabaleka" kalula ethangini, ngakho-ke kufanele kube nesembozo (esinobubanzi bomoya) noma i-mesh evikela ngeseli encane.
Kuhlobo lwezimila ze-Acanthofalmus, izindunduma zamaJavanese, ama-ferns aseThailand, neminduze yamanzi yamakati.
Ukondla
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi u-Akant akayona inhlobo edla inyama, amnandi kakhulu - amunca noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuphila, iqhwa, lomile nokutshala okumbela phansi.
Zithanda izidumbu zegazi, abenzi be-tubule, i-daphnia, i-nauplii artemia, i-echitrea, izigcawu zamasoyi, iminenke encane, amaphilisi we-spirulina. Ngesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukudla ngama-carotenoids wemvelo ukuthuthukisa umbala wezinhlanzi. Kungcono ukuthi ungaphambi kokusabalalisa ukudla kokuphilayo kwisisombululo se-Ichthyphor ukuze ungalethi ukutheleleka ku-aquarium. Frozen kulokhu akukho okuyingozi, kepha amanye amaprotheni, amafutha kanye ne-carbohydrate alahlekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Akantophthalmus ihlanza kahle ithangi, ngoba bayakujabulela ukudla okunye okusetshenziselwe ezinye izinhlanzi, bangakhipha ngaphansi kwenhlabathi.
Yondla amahora angama-3-4 ngaphambi kokufiphala kobusuku. Ukudla kufanele kudliwe kungakapheli imizuzu engama-4-5, usayizi wokudla kufanele ukhawulelwe.
Ukuvumelana
Ama-acanthus anokuthula kangangokuba awusoze wathinta noma yisiphi isakhamuzi esingaphansi kwamanzi, yebo umhluzi. Kodwa kungcono ukukhetha omakhelwane babo phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezolile ukuze i-Pangio uqobo bangahlupheki. Ameva afanelekile, ama-neon, ama-zebrafish, izinhlobo ze-haracin, i-tetras, i-shrimp, i-gourami, ama-guppies, ama-apistograms, okhalweni lwase-Asia, amasaka.
Akunconywa ukuhlanganisa nama-cichlids, i-silver crucian carp, i-labeos, ama-barbs, i-acars, i-astronotuses, i-carps, i-bots, i-corfish corridge kanye nezimfashini. Endabeni yokugcina, ukuxabana ezindaweni ezingaphansi akunakugwenywa.
Ukuzala
Ukuzala kabusha kwe-Acanthophthalmus kuyisikhathi esithile sonyaka, kepha kunzima kakhulu ukuzalanisa ekhaya, kuvame ukudinga imijovo yama-hormonal futhi kunconyelwa kuphela ama-aquarists anolwazi.
Ukwehluka kobulili kubuthakathaka kakhulu. Izinsikazi zivame ukuba zikhulu kancanyana kunabesilisa kanti isisu sazo siyashintsha, amaqanda aluhlaza agqamile abonakala kuso.
Ngenqubo yokuzalanisa, uzodinga umhlabathi okhethekile wokubeletha onendawo enkulu engezansi (ukusuka ku-1 000 sq. Cm.). Izinga lamanzi kufanele libe lincane (kufika ku-20-25 cm) ukuze kube lula ukuthi i-Akantam ikhuphukele phezulu ukuze iphefumule. Igridi yokuhlukanisa ekhethekile ibekwe emhlabathini, izitshalo eziningi zasemanzini zigxilile kuwo.
Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube kufiphele, i-acidity inyuke kancane (i-6-7 pH), ubunzima be-6-15 dGh, izinga lokushisa + 25 ... + 28 ° С.
Ukugqugquzela ukukhiqizwa kabusha (ukulingisa isikhathi se-monsoon), amanzi kufanele aguqulwe nsuku zonke (10-20% yenani). Izinhlanzi ezindala ezingaphezulu kwezinyanga eziyi-12 zikhethelwa ukuzalaniswa; izinsikazi zikhethwa kahle ngesisu esikhulu, esinyene.
Imijovo yeHormonal yenziwa kanjena:
- I-Acanthus itshalwe esitsheni esihlukile. Imbiza enamalitha amathathu izokwenza.
- Faka amaconsi ambalwa weNovocaine noma iToniaine emanzini.
- Ngemuva kokuba izinhlanzi zilele, zidonswa ngokucophelela ngenetha elithambile, elibekwe phezu kogwadule okotini bese kufakwa umjovo we-chorionic gonadotropin ka-50-140 mu ngaphansi kwengubo. kuya ngosayizi womuntu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ikhanda licindezelwa okuncane ngocezu loboya obumanzi. Ungafaka inalithi emgodini wesisu eduze kwe-anal fin (ubheke ekhanda).
- Izinhlanzi ezilala ngokweqile zidonselwa ekuqhekekeni. Lesi simo sizohlala amahora angama-4-6.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, abesilisa baqala ukukhombisa ukuthakazela izintokazi. Lokhu kubonakaliswa ukuqomisana okungafani nalokhu - ukuqhanyelwa ngamaphinifa e-pectoral, ngokucindezela ikhanda kuya ekhanda.
Uma imidlalo yokuphelisa iphumelele, khona-ke izintokazi ezisaphaza amaqanda zifinyelela kuma-600-700. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho umbhangqwana ukhuphukela phezulu, kukhululwe i-caviar eluhlaza emzimbeni womuntu wesifazane ngezingxenye ezincane kakhulu. Imashi icwila phansi ngaphansi kwenethi, futhi ngenxa yalokho ingatholakali inhlanzi (ingadla i-caviar).
Abazali basuswa ezindaweni ezinwebayo, baphathwe nge-mikopur noma enye into yokubulala amagciwane ukubulala amagciwane kanye ne-saprolengia, bese belinda ukuba kuvela.
Amaqanda aqala ukuluma cishe usuku noma ezimbili, lapho kuphela usuku lokuqala imisila ikhula ku izibungu, kuthi ngolwesine noma ngolwesihlanu sezivele zibhukuda bese zizondla ngokwazo. Isilingo sokuqala kufanele sakhiwe ngothuli olukhona, ukugaya, ama-rotifers.
Izibani kufanele zihlale zikhathazekile - izingane ngeke zikwazi ukukhanya okukhanyayo futhi zivame ukucasha ezindaweni zokukhosela. Kumaviki amabili kuya kwamathathu, i-fry ikhula ibe amasentimitha amabili kuya kwamathathu bese amabala avela emzimbeni wawo esikhundleni semivimbo yesikhathi esizayo. Manje sezingadluliselwa kokuphakelayo okubukhoma okubanzi.
Isifo
Zonke izinhlobo ze-Acanthus zinokugqama futhi zithambekele ekukhuluphiseni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ungazidli ngokweqile izinhlanzi. Ngosuku olulodwa ngesonto kufanele kuthululwe.
I-Acantophthalmus nayo ivame ukunqotshwa izintwala zezinhlanzi - ichthyophthyroidism. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuvela imicu emhlophe enomzimba emzimbeni wezinhlanzi. Uma zingashadile, izilwane ezifuywayo zingasindiswa ngokwandisa izinga lokushisa ngamadigri ambalwa bese zengeza usawoti kanye nesisombululo esikhanyayo se-potassium permanganate noma i-malachite eluhlaza emanzini. Ukufakwa umbala kokethi ethangini kuphindaphindwa izinsuku eziningana, ngosuku lwesihlanu noma lwesithupha, ukwelashwa kungaqiniswa ngokuthulula amaconsi ambalwa ka-iodine we-5% e-aquarium. Ngemuva kolunye usuku, uhhafu wevolumu yendawo yasemanzini kumele uvuselelwe.
Ngokuhlulwa okunzima, u-Akant ngeke akwazi ukusindisa.
Ezinye izinambuzane ezi-cutaneous, ezinjenge-opiosamosis ne-trematode, ziyenzeka naku-Acantophthalmus. Inqubo yokwelashwa iyafana.
Lesinye sifo lesikhulu saPangio yi-amoebiasis. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlanzi ziqala ukuphefumula kakhulu futhi zivame ukukhuphukela phezulu. Imbangela yeseli yi-amoeba eyisinambuzane. Ungazigcina ngokuzifaka kubhavu ne-Tinidazole amahora angama-4-5. Futhi i-aquarium eyinhloko kumele ihlaselwe ngegciwane nge-formalin futhi ihlanziwe kahle ngamanzi ampompo.
Ukuvimbela lokhu kugula okungathi sína, kungakuhle uyithenge ngemuva kokuthengwa kwe-Acant imizuzu eminingana (10-30) ngesixazululo se-FMS (i-formalin, i-malachite eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-methylene eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), bese kuba esitsheni esinamanzi ahlanzekile agcwele agcwele i-oksijini (i-aeration enamandla iyadingeka). Kungemva kokuba zonke lezi zinqubo lapho izinhlanzi zingadluliselwa kwi-aquarium ejwayelekile.