I-incloscis umzala yisilwane esincane, esibuhlungu esinezimbali ende, ebonisiwe. Ubude bomzimba besilisa buyi-6.5-8.5 cm, izintokazi - ama-7-9 cm, isisindo 7-11 g no-8-16 g, ngokulandelana. Umsila omncane obamba kancane umude kunomzimba. Engxenyeni eseningizimu yebanga, abantu abakhulu bakhulu. Amehlo esilwane mancane, izindlebe zisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, ziyindilinga.
Ijazi lebheji lezinyosi lasePosum liqinile futhi lifushane. Ingaphezulu lomzimba lingwephuzi onsundu nge-tint yewolintshi ezinhlangothini nasehlombe, ikhanda linombala onsundu, isisu sikhilimu. Kunemivimbo emi-3 emuva emuva: munsundu omnyama ukusuka emuva ekhanda uya empandeni yomsila, no-2 okhanyayo ongabonakali kangako ngasohlangothini ngalunye.
Ukuze ikhothe umpe kusuka ezimbali, isilwane sisebenzisa ulimi olude, olungaphezulu kwesiqalo salo lubukeka njengebhulashi. Combs esibhakabhakeni susa okusanhlamvu impova kubhulashi olimini.
Umunwe wokuqala emilenzeni wangemuva uphikisana nawo wonke amanye ukuze ugobe amagatsha, kanti nakuma-phalanges we-terminal weminwe awazona izifula, kodwa amaphampu anzima.
Indlela yokuphila yebheji ye-possum
Ama-proboscis umzala akhetha ukuhlala emahlathini amahlahla, kanye nasehlathini elisontekile elinamaqabunga angaphansi komhlaba we-heather. Phila impilo yodwa. Emini kuneziqongo eziningana zomsebenzi. Zihlala ngokuzinzile, izindawo zokuhlala komuntu ngamunye zinkulu kakhulu izilwane ezincane ezinjalo: kufinyelela kumamitha-skwele angama-700. m kubantu besifazane kuze kufike ku-1300 metres. m emadodeni.
Phakathi kwazo, izilwane ziyaxhumana zisebenzisa iqoqo nokubeka okuthile. Iqhaza elibaluleke kakhulu ekuziphatheni kwabo kwezenhlalo lidlalwa ngamaphunga; bayasiza nasekufuneni izimbali zezitshalo zokudla.
I-proboscis mzala, ikakhulukazi intsha, kwesinye isikhathi ihlangana ukuze ifudumale. Inani labo eliphakeme ngokungajwayelekile le-metabolic lihambisana nezikhathi ezimfishane zokujula okujulile sezulu esibandayo nalapho ukudla kunqabile. Izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingase lehle liye ku-5 ° C isikhathi esifinyelela emahoreni ayi-10.
Umsoco
Ukudla kwe-badger yezinyosi kuphela kuqukethe umpe neplen. Impova isebenza njengomthombo wezakhi zomzimba, kanti umpe unikeza isilwane amandla namanzi. Ama-couscous feeds ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni ezifana neBanksia.
Ngomsindo obonisiwe, umzala we-proboscis uhlola izimbali, azigijime e-corolla afune umpe. Kusebenzisa imilenze eyindilinga eyindilinga kanye nemilenze yomsila nomsila, ibheji lezinyosi lingondla ngisho nezimbali ezincane ezi-apical. Ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo umzala, adlala indima yabaphenyi.
Abadli bezinyosi be-possum-uju bagijima ngokushesha emhlabathini futhi bakhuphuke ngamathanga aminyene we-heather.
Ukuzalela inzalo
Isikhathi esifushane sokuphila kwe-umzala sinxephezelwa ngokuzala kwabo okuqhubekayo. Abesilisa bancintisana ngokuvuthayo ukuthola ithuba lokuqhubeka nomjaho wabo. Ukuya enkantolo akuhlali isikhathi eside: owesilisa ulandela insikazi, kepha angakwazi ukwenza ikheji kuphela lapho emvumela.
Ucwaningo lwe-DNA selukhombisile ukuthi inzalo yabantu abadla uju bePosum inamathole avela kubaba abaningana.
Owesifazane uthwala esikhwameni sakhe ngamawundlu cishe kuyo yonke impilo yakhe. Izinyosi zezinyosi zizalela unyaka wonke, kepha lapho ukudla kunqabile, akusebenzi. Uma kunokudla okuningi, izinsikazi ziletha inzalo ngawo wonke amathuba, zingakhathali ngempela ngekusasa eliqhubekayo lamawundlu.
I-proboscis ibonakala ngokudayiswa ekwakheni imibungu. Ngakho-ke, i-brood elandelayo ivame ukuzalwa ngokushesha lapho okwedlule kushiya isikhwama. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, izinsikazi zingaletha ama-broods angama-4 ngonyaka. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-28.
Umzala osanda kuzalwa ubonakala emncane kakhulu phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo, unesisindo esingama-0.0005 g kuphela. Ukhula kanye nezilwane eziningi zasekhaya. Kukhona izingono ezi-4 esikhwameni esijulile sikamama. Esihlokweni, kuvame ukuba namazinyane angama-2-3. Ubungako obuncane bezingane nokukhula kancane kwezingane, ezihlala izinsuku ezingama-60 esikhwameni, ziveza ukuthi akulula ukuthi izintokazi zinikeze izingane zazo ubisi, zidla impova kuphela.
Lezi zingane ezincane zishiya isikhwama simbozwe ngoboya futhi zivule amehlo, kuyilapho imizimba yazo imincane cishe ngo-2,5. Ekuqaleni, zilandela umama kuyo yonke indawo, zincanca ubisi ngezikhathi ezithile zize zigibele emhlane wakhe. Baqala impilo yokuzimela emavikini ama-1-2 ngemuva kokushiya isikhwama.
I-proboscis umzala uvame kakhulu kwezinye izindawo, kepha ububanzi bawo obulinganiselwe sebeqhubeka nokuwohloka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izisulu ezingenisiwe - amakati nezimpungushe - zimsongela.
Umnotho
Igama lesiLatini - Acrobates pygmaeus
Igama lesiNgisi - Feathertail glider, pygmy gliding phenum, igundane lendiza
Isigaba - Izilwane ezincelisayo (iMammalia)
Isikwati - Ama-marsupials amabili anomsila (iDiprotodontia)
Umndeni - Umzala KaTara (Acrobatidae)
Kunezinhlobo ezi-1 kuphela nezinhlobo ezi-2 emndenini.
Buka futhi ndoda
Imvamisa, abantu bavele bangaziboni lezi zilwanyana ezincane, nokho, zizalwa ezindizayo kuze kube ngo-1991 zibonakaliswa ngemuva kohlamvu lwemali lwesenti elilodwa e-Australia.
Ukusatshalaliswa nezindawo zokuhlala
Izalukazi ezindizayo ezihlala ezindlini zihlala emahlathini asempumalanga nase-Australia zisuka enhlonhlo ziye esifundeni saseNingizimu Australia. Kuthandwa kuqala amahlosi aphakathi naphezulu emithi ye-eucalyptus - lapho efuna ukudla izilwane ziphakama zibe ngamamitha angama-40. Nokho, izalukazi ezandizayo zatholakala phansi, phakathi kotshani obude.
Ukubukeka kanye ne-morphology
Izindiza ezindizayo zincane kunazo zonke izilwane zasolwandle. Ubude bomzimba bungamasentimitha ayi-6 kuphela, isisindo buyi-10-14 g .Izinsikazi nezinsikazi zilingana, kepha abesilisa baba nzima kakhulu. Isici esibonakalayo salesi silwane ngumsila: ubude bawo bulingana nobude bomzimba, futhi ukwakheka kufana nezinsiba zenyoni - ezinhlangothini zomsila ocishe ungabi nalutho, kukhule izindondo ezimbili zezinwele ezinzima ezinde. Ithiphu yomsila ingenalutho, iyabamba. Umsila onjalo uyithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokuphepha phakathi kwamagatsha ahlanganyele kanye nesihibe isilwane esihamba ngaso ngenkathi indiza.
I-Couscous ayinayo ulwelwesi lwangempela lwendiza, njengesikwele esindizayo, umgoqo wesikhumba ohlangothini lomzimba mkhulu, kodwa usuvele umfushane - udlula phakathi kwamadolo namadolo. Izinwele ezinde zikhula eceleni komphetho wolwelwesi. "Indiza" enjalo ivumela isilwane ukuthi sihlele ibanga elingaba amamitha ayi-10.
Izinwele ze-Couscous zithambile futhi zibuthuntu, umbala wangemuva nomsila ungwevu noma, kucace, emehlweni kukhona izindandatho ezikhanyayo. Isisu noma mhlophe. Ama-phalanges we-terminal yeminwe ayanwetshwa futhi afakwe amapads anobambo avumela i-umzalousous ukuba iqhubekele kunoma iyiphi indawo ebushelelezi, noma ingilazi ehlelwe ngokuthe nkqo. Ulimi lwalesi silwane esincane lunikezwa ngesici setae sezilwane ezidla umpe.
Insikazi inesikhwama semifudlana esakhiwe kahle, esivula phambili, ingono 4-6.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezingezinhle, ama-mzala abambekayo angashisi, izinga lokushisa lomzimba lawo lingafinyelela ku-2 ° C. Ukuxineka okunjalo kungahlala amasonto amabili.
Indlela Yokuphila Nenhlangano Yezenhlalo
Izilwane ezindala ezinamaqhubu ezindizayo - izilwane ezinamanyala neziselula kakhulu - zivame ukusebenza ebusuku, futhi kusesimweni sezulu esinamafu - phakathi nosuku. Engxenyeni emnyama yosuku, indlela yabo yokuziphatha ibonakala ngokuqhuma komsebenzi (ukondla, ukunyakaza), ukushintshana nezikhathi ezolile lapho izilwane zixubha, vele zihlale, noma ziye esidlekeni.
Kuncane okwaziwayo ngokuziphatha kwabo ngokwemvelo. Idatha esemqoka itholakala ekubonweni kuma-zoos. , lezi zilwane azinayo imingcele ecacile yendawo, kepha zinemizila yazo, eziyimaka njalo. Izilwane zahlangatshezwa ngamaqembu abantu abafinyelela kwabangu-20, kodwa akwaziwa ukuthi zihlala njalo yini. Abantu abavela emaqenjini angomakhelwane banobungane komunye nomunye.
Kunezindlala ezingama-8 ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni we -zala. Kuncane kakhulu okwaziwayo ngemisebenzi eqondile yokufihlwa, kepha kungenzeka babambe iqhaza ekuqashelweni komuntu nezilwane nasekufuyeni.
I-Couscous yakha izidleke eziyindilinga kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo. Izidleke zabo zatholakala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene - kusukela emgodini wezihlahla nezidleke zezinyoni zashiywa ezindlini zocingo. Esidlekeni esisodwa, njengomthetho, izilwane eziningana ziphumula ngasikhathi sinye - owesilisa nowesifazane.
Waba nini futhi kanjani umzala eSulawesi?
Ngokusobala, okhokho bakhe babengavele bahambe ngomkhumbi lapha ezihlahleni zezihlahla eziwele emanzini e-Australia noma eNew Guinea. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka, ngokusho kososayensi, eminyakeni ecishe ibe yizigidi ezingama-30 edlule noma ngisho kancane ngaphambili, maphakathi nesikhathi se-Tertiary. Futhi-ke e-Australia izinhlobo zokhokho ze-bearum zanyamalala, kanti eSulawesi inzalo yabo yaqhubeka nokuba khona futhi yavela, yasinda ngokuphepha kuze kube namuhla.
Ngaphezu kokuzala, enye inhlobo yezilwane zasemanzini ehlala eSulawesi - isilwane esincane esinesisindo esingaphansi kwekhilogremu. Njengomfowabo "omkhulu", umzala omfishane - isisulu saseSulawesi, okhokho bakhe beza lapha bevela e-Australia izigidi zeminyaka edlule.
Uchitha iningi lempilo yakhe emqhele ezihlahleni zezihlahla, futhi i-biology yakhe, efana nesayensi yabantu abaningi babahlali basezihlahleni zemvula, ifundwe kabi. I-Bear Posum ithanda ukuhlala emahlathini inomqhele ovalwe kakhulu futhi ihamba ngamagatsha ezihlahla ngosizo lomsila obukhali, izigqoko ezibukhali nezingalo ezinde ngokungajwayelekile ngomunwe wokuqala ezinyaweni zangaphambili. Ukuze usuke esihlahleni uye kwesinye isihlahla, lesi silwane sibamba igatsha elifunayo ngomsila waso kanye nemilenze yangemuva bese kuphela lapho siphonsa khona imilenze yaso yangaphambili nomzimba wonke lapho.
Indlela yokuhamba enjalo, yiqiniso, ayinakubizwa ngejubane elikhulu kakhulu. Kepha ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile - njengokusongela okuvela kumhlaseli - i-bear phenum kungenzeka ikwazi ukuqhuma ngokushesha, kufane nalezo ezibonwe kwamanye umzala.
Kodwa-ke, ubukhulu obuqinile kanye nokungabikho kwezilwane ezidla izambane likapondo eSulawesi kwenza impilo ye-bear umzala omkhulu izole. Kuliqiniso, lezi zilwane zisenezitha - lezi zinkulu izinkozi ezimnyama (Ictinaetus malayensis) futhi i-python ecashile (i-Python reticulatus) okudliwayo izilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo ezincane nezincane, kufaka phakathi amazala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitha ezinjenge i-civet yesundu (Macrogalidia musschenbroeckii) futhi isihlahla sokuqapha isihlahla (Varanus salvator) ekubambeni izilwane ezincane.
I-Bear Posumu (i-Ailurops ursinus)
I-Bearzalazala uqobo idla amaqabunga amaningi, iphambukisa itafula layo ngensimbi yezithelo.
Ngokuqondene nokuphila komndeni kwe-bear umzala, kusalokhu kuyimfihlakalo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lezi zilwane zivame ukutholakala ngababili, ngasinye sazo sihlala endaweni engaba ngamahektha amane.
Izinsikazi zezinyamazane ezifuywayo zivame ukuthwala imbuzane ehlala umama wazo, zisonga umsila wazo ezansi komsila wayo. Kungenzeka ukuthi kuzalwa kuphela iwundlu elilodwa, kepha akwaziwa ngokuthile, njengokuthi isikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kweziqongo zokuzala phakathi nonyaka, amasiko wokuthandana, isikhathi sokukhula kwengane ngaphakathi nesikhwameni sikamama asaziwa.
Izinhlobo eziningi zesamba zimbalwa ngenombolo futhi zivikelwe ngumthetho. Okunye okuphawuleka kakhulu yi-fox kusasa, evumelana nezimo zasemadolobheni futhi ihlala ezindaweni ezingaphansi, ihlela izidleke ngaphansi kophahla lwezindlu namasimu alimazayo nezingadi zemifino. ENew Zealand, yona, ngaphandle kwezidalwa zemvelo ezinjenge-dingo, yanda kakhulu (lonke inani labantu balinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-60) futhi ithathwa njengesidalwa esibhubhisa izimbali zomdabu kanye nezilwane futhi sithwala isifo sofuba i-bovine.
UNiramin - Sep 2nd, 2015
I-Couscous - izilwane ezingavamile zomndeni wePosum ezivela kuma-genus marsupials. Bahlala eziqongweni zezihlahla emahlathini ashisayo, ngakho-ke mincane kakhulu imininingwane eqoqiwe mayelana nemikhuba yabo nendlela yabo yokuphila. Amanani alezi zilwane ajwayelekile emahlathini aseNew Guinea, eTimor, e-Australia, eSolomon Islands, eSulawesi.
Izazi zemvelo zibala cishe izinhlobo eziyi-15 zabazala. Ummeleli omkhulu wale nhlobo unesihlobo esihle, isisindo kwezinye izimo sifinyelela ku-7 kg. Esincane kunazo zonke i-proboscis umzazous (ibheji lezinyosi), inesisindo esingu-13 g futhi idla ngomsuka, impova yezimbali, kanye nezinambuzane eziku-corolla yezimbali.
Ngabe sibukeka kanjani lesi silwane? Kuyisilwane esinomsindo ophakeme, amehlo ayindilinga nezindlebe ezincane, umzimba umbozwe izinwele ezithambile. Umsila omude ongenasici usiza ukuhamba emqheleni omnyama wezihlahla - abamba lesi silwane ngamagatsha, bese ebambelela emilenzeni yaso yangemuva bese, ejika ngaphezulu, eqa amabanga amade. Abantu bomdabu baseGuinea badla inyama kamazala.
Lezi zilwane zidla izithelo nezithelo zezitshalo, amaqabunga nezinambuzane. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izinsikazi zizalela izingane zazo cishe amasonto amabili, bese izinsana zingena esikhwameni ngoboya bese zidla ubisi lukamama izinsuku ezingama-240, emva kwalokho zizimele ngokuphelele.
Banomlingiswa odlalayo kumazala, bathanjiswa kalula ngakho-ke bathola imvume yokuhlala njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Bona izithombe zabantu abashadayo bohlobo lokuzala:
I-Bear Couscous
I-proboscis mzala (ibheji lezinyosi)
Photo: Couscous ngombala ocacile
Ukuzala kabusha nentuthuko
Ukuzala ngokuzalwa okuphathelene nokungemuva kwesizini kwe-warwar, kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, unyaka wonke, amalitha ama-2 ayenzeka unyaka wonke. Iningi lokuzalwa kwamawundlu kwenzeka ngo-Agasti-Novemba. Abazala abantengantenga abakheli ngababili banaphakade. Ubungako bokubamba amazinyane angama-2-5, ukukhulelwa kuthatha kuphela izinsuku eziyi-14-16, kanti izingane zichitha cishe izinyanga ezi-2 esikhwameni sikamama. Ngemuva kokushiya isikhwama, bahlala esidlekeni lapho umuntu omdala ebafudumeza ngokushisa kwabo. I-Couscous iboniswa ngokukhulisa ngokuhlangana kwamawundlu: izinsikazi eziningana ezinamantombazane aneminyaka efanayo ziyahlanganiswa esidlekeni esisodwa. Ngenkathi ezinye izintokazi zidla, ezinye zishisa amawundlu. Ukubuya komama bondle izingane ezilambe kakhulu, akunandaba ukuthi kungokwabo noma abanye. Ukuncelisa ubisi kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-90-100.
Amacube aqala ukudla ngokuzimela eneminyaka eyi-3.5 izinyanga. Ukuvuthwa kwabesifazane kwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-8, kwabesilisa - cishe unyaka.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Kunobufakazi bokuthi umzala ophila isikhathi eside usehlale ekudingisweni iminyaka engu-7 nezinyanga ezi-2. Imvamisa ekuthunjelweni, isikhathi sokuphila kwabo asidluli iminyaka emi-4; ngokwemvelo, sincane kakhulu.
Isalukazi esidonsa ngendiza savela e-zoo eminyakeni eyikhulu eyedlule, kwathi ngokuvulwa kwesihlalo "Night World" e-Old Territory, bahlala lapho. Ekuvaleni phakathi kokuhlangana kwamagatsha ngasikhathi sinye kuqukethe izilwane ezingaphezu kuka-30. Baphila impilo yabo uqobo: bondla, balale, bazala amawundlu, bafe. Ezinye izilwane, ngokwesibonelo, ubuhlalu, zingahlala endaweni ebiyelwe efanayo.
Izilwane zincanyana kakhulu kangangokuba ekuqaleni ubheka izindiza kubukeka sengathi azinamuntu. Kodwa-ke, musa ukushesha ukudlula, udinga ukubhekisisa lokhu: okokuqala uzokubona ukunyakaza kwehlumela, bese kuba ngumzala oyedwa, futhi kungekudala uzobona ukuthi impilo igcwele impela phakathi kwamagatsha. Ngezikhathi ezithile, lesi silwane sigijimisa ingilazi esihlukanise nezivakashi, sikhombisa amakhono aso ahlukile. Phakathi kwamahlumela kukhona abondli abancane, isicubu esiyinkimbinkimbi sokudla kwezingane ezomile, uju, impova yezithelo, nokunye.Ukuthi abazalanayo bakwazi ukubona amakhono abo emvelo, izinambuzane zidedelwa ezindizeni, lapho izilwane zizingela ngempumelelo.
Elinye iqembu elilingayo labazala abantengantengantenga elihlala ngokwehlukana, esakhiweni samahhovisi se-zoo. Lapha, izilwane zibhekwa futhi zifunde izici ze-biology nokuziphatha kwazo.
I-Habitat ye-Couscous Herbert.
Abazala bakaHerbert bahlala emahlathini aminyene asezindaweni ezishisayo ngasemfuleni. Ziyahlangana ngezikhathi ezithile emahlathini aphezulu eucalyptus. Zihlala zodwa ezihlahleni, cishe neze zehlele emhlabathini. Ezindaweni ezintabeni azikhuphuki ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-350 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zikaHerbert umzala.
UHerbert umzala ubonakala kalula ngumzimba wayo omnyama onamamaki amhlophe esifubeni, isisu kanye nengaphambili eliphezulu. Abesilisa bavame ukuba namamaki amhlophe.Izalukazi ezindala zingabantu abamnyama abamnyama, izilwane ezincane ezinomusa wohlanga oluthuthukile ngemivimbo emide ekhanda nasemuva elingaphezulu.
Ezinye izinkomba ezikhethekile "ekhaleni lamaRoma" elibonakalayo, kanye namehlo apinki awolintshi. Ubude bomzimba kaHerbert umzala busuka ku-301 mm (kowesifazane omncane kakhulu) bufika kuma-400 mm (ngobukhulu kunabesilisa). Imisila yawo yobudala ifinyelela kubude obungu-290-470 mm futhi ibukeka njengesigaxa esiphethe umkhawulo. Isisindo sisukela ku-800-1230 g kwabesifazane nabangu-810-1530 g kwabesilisa.
Ukuzalela umzala kaHerbert.
Izinhlobo zika-Herbert umzala ekuqaleni kobusika futhi kwesinye isikhathi ehlobo. Abesifazane bathwala amawundlu ngokwesilinganiso sezinsuku eziyi-13.
Esihlokweni esisuka kwelinye kuya kwamathathu. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindiwe kungenzeka.
Futhi, isizalo sesibili sivela ngemuva kokufa kwenzalo ebusaneni lokuqala. Abesifazane bathwala izingane esikhwameni cishe amaviki ayishumi ngaphambi kokuba bashiye umzala omncane endaweni ephephile. Ngalesi sikhathi, badla ubisi oluvela ezingalweni ezisendaweni esikhwameni. Ekupheleni kwamasonto ayi-10, izinsana ezincane zishiya isikhwama, kepha zihlale zivikelwe insikazi bese zizondla ngobisi kwezinye izinyanga ezingama-3-4. Ngalesi sikhathi, zingahlala esidlekeni kuze kube yilapho insikazi izitholela ukudla. Abazala abancane abavuthiwe bazimela ngokuphelele futhi badle ukudla njengezilwane ezindala. Umzala kaHerbert uhlala iminyaka emi-2.9 endle. Isikhathi esiphakeme kunazo zonke sokuphila salolu hlobo yiminyaka eyi-6.
Ukuziphatha kukamzala kaHerbert.
Abazala bakaHerbert abazwani nobusuku, baphume ezindaweni zabo zokucasha ngemuva nje kokushona kwelanga bese bebuya imizuzu engama-50-100 ngaphambi kokusa. Umsebenzi wezilwane uvame ukwanda ngemuva kwamahora amaningi wokudla. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho abesilisa bethola izinsikazi zokuzalela futhi bahlele izidleke ngesikhathi sasemini.
Ngaphandle kwenkathi yokuzalela, abesilisa bavame ukuba ngabodwa futhi bakhe izidleke zabo, bekhonkotha isihlahla.
Lezi zindawo zokukhosela zisebenza njengendawo yokuphumula yezilwane ngezikhathi zasemini. Owesilisa oyedwa nowesifazane oyedwa, insikazi enohlobo lwezingane zayo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi izimbotshana zezinsikazi ezinama-young umzala wedada lokuqala zingaphila esidlekeni esisodwa. Akuvamile ukuthi kube khona isidleke lapho kuhlala khona abesilisa ababili abadala ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokuvamile izilwane ezindala azihlali esidlekeni esingapheli; kukho konke impilo yazo ziyashintsha lapho zihlala khona izikhathi eziningana phakathi nenkathi. Ngemuva kokufuduka, umzala kaHerbert wakhela isidleke esisha ngokuphelele noma umane ayohlala esidlekeni esishiywe yilowo owayehlala kuso ngaphambili. Izidleke ezilahliwe iyindawo engenzeka kakhulu kowesifazane ahlala kulo. Impilo ejwayelekile, isilwane esisodwa sidinga kusuka ku-0,5 kuya ku-1 ha wehlathi lemvula. Emvelweni, uHerbert umzala uqondiswa ukuzwa okujulile, angakwazi ukubona isikhonyane esifuyathayo esingenamkhawulo. Cishe, izilwane ziyaxhumana zisebenzisa amasignali amakhemikhali.
UCouscous Herbert (Pseudocheirus herbertensis) - isilwane esidabukisayo
Indima yendalo yomzala kaHerbert.
Umzala kaHerbert uthinta imifino emiphakathini ahlala kuyo. Le nhlobo isixhumanisi esibalulekile emaketangeni okudla futhi ingukudla kwabazingeli. Bakhanga ukunaka kwezivakashi ezifisa ukuthola ihlathi lemvula lase-Australia ukuze zijwayelane nezilwane ezingajwayelekile.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kukaHerbert umzala.
U-Herbert umzala wakhe uphephile njengamanje futhi unesimo 'sokungakhathaleli kangako'. Izici zokuphila kwezilwane zalolu hlobo zihambisana namahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo, ezibenza babe sengozini yokubhujiswa yendawo.
Azikho izinsongo ezibucayi kule nhlobo. Manje njengoba izindawo eziningi ezihlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ezinomswakama zithathwa njenge-UNESCO World Heritage Site, izinsongo ezivela ekuqothulweni okukhulu noma ekutheneni izihlahla okukhulu azisongeli abahlali basehlathini. Ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane zasendaweni nokuqhekeka kwemvelo kuyingozi enkulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ushintsho lwesikhathi eside lofuzo lungavela kubantu abaningi bakaHerbert umzala ngenxa yokuzihlukanisa.
Ukushintshwa kwesimo sezulu kusuka ekuqothulweni kwamahlathi kuyingozi engaba khona enganciphisa indawo yokuhlala kaHerbert umzala ngokuzayo.
Njengamanje, iningi labantu litholakala ezindaweni ezivikelwe. Izenzo zokulondolozwa ezinconyelwe zezinzalo zikaHerbert zifaka lokhu: izindlela zokutshelwa kwamahlathi, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwezindawo ezifundeni zaseMulgrave naseJohnston, kulondolozwa indawo etholakalayo, kubuyiselwe ukubukeka kwasekuqaleni ezindaweni ezilungele ukwakhiwa kukaHerbert umzala. Ukudalwa kwamakhorali akhethekile emahlathini ashisayo wezilwane ezihambayo. Qhubeka nokucwaninga emkhakheni wokuziphatha komphakathi kanye nemvelo, thola izidingo zezinhlobo zemvelo kanye nomthelela wethonya le-anthropogenic.
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UCouscous ubukeka emuhle futhi e-fluffy uma esaphila, kepha inyama yawo ingumthombo omkhulu wamaprotheni we-Aboriginal Papua New Guinea. Lezi zilwane ezincane zingaba yizilwane ezifuywayo, okungavimbeli ezinye izakhamizi zasePapua New Guinea ukuthi zizidle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi noma zisebenzise uboya bazo ngezigqoko.
I-Couscous (Phalangista) ibhekisela kuma-marsupials. Bahlala ezihlahleni emahlathini kuso sonke isiqhingi nasezindaweni eziningi zase-Australia. Lezi zilwane zinomzimba omncane futhi nomsila omude. Umthwebuli zithombe uMichele Westmorland uvakashele u-Anji ezindaweni eziphakeme zalesi siqhingi ukuzoziqopha.
Uboya be-couscous buthambile impela, okwenza uboya bayo bube yinto ekahle yezigqoko nezingubo. UMichelle Westmoreland uthi: "Yize lezi zilwane kunzima ukuzibona endle, eziningi zazo ziye zaba yizilwane ezifuywayo. Zinhle kakhulu futhi zinamahloni amancane. Kepha lapho sezikhulile, kungaba nzima impela ukuzibamba. Uboya bezala obukhulu buthambile futhi bengithanda njalo. amehlo abo amakhulu nobuso obungajwayelekile. "
Lezi izilwane ezincelisayo ezihlala cishe ezihlahleni kuphela. Imvamisa badla izithelo namaqabunga, kepha kwesinye isikhathi bazingela izinyoni ezincane nezidamba. Kepha bayazwela nezinguquko zemvelo. Enye yezinkinga zanamuhla zokuba umzala ulahlekelwe yindawo yokuhlala.
UMichelle uphinde wachaza ukuthi babaluleke kangakanani empilweni yendabuko yabantu basePapua New Guinea. Wengeze wathi: "Umzala ubaluleke kakhulu emasikweni esiqhingi. Inyama yawo ingumthombo obalulekile wamaprotheni, noboya buthambile kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuyaqondakala ukuthi kungani abantu bendawo besebenzisa uboya bommbila ngezigqoko nokuhlobisa umzimba. umphumela wokukhula kokugawulwa kwemithi namabhizinisi ePapua New Guinea.
Umzala - isilwane esidabukisayo esivela emndenini we-phenum. Ngikushilo vele esihlokweni ukuthi akufanele udidanise lo mndeni nabaseMelika, abahlobene nakancane, yize bobabili bengabashadikazi.
Ngokuqondene ne-posum, i-umzala yisilwane esikhulu kunalokho. Ubukhulu buncane kancanyana, nombala we-vazcous ukhumbuza ngokungafani umbala wawo (amabala futhi ane "iphethini lemabula"). Ukubheka ngokushesha isilwane kungaphakamisa ukuthi ayinazindlebe. Zincane kakhulu kangangokuba azibukeki nje ngaphandle koboya obukhulu. Umsila we-Couscous nawo awujwayelekile. Kusukela phakathi kuya esiqongweni impela, akunamthungo futhi kumbozwe esikalini esincane. Ngokunokwenzeka lokhu kungukuthwebula okungcono kwamagatsha.
Ama-couscous kunezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa noma eziyisishiyagalombili, futhi zonke zazo zihamba ebusuku. Balala kamnandi phakathi nosuku, bathola indawo ethile phakathi kwamagatsha, ebusuku baye bayodoba. Zihamba kancane njengeLori, kanti ngokwethembekile nazo zibamba amagatsha ngomsila wazo. Ukudla okuyinhloko ngamaqabunga adliwa yizilwane ngobuningi. Kepha uma, sisendleleni, sihlangana, sithi, ibhungane elingabalekanga ngesikhathi, noma isidleke esinamachwane, khona-ke ngaphandle kwesazela elincane kakhulu lizosetshenziselwa ukudla.
Ukukhulelwa komzala kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-13 kuphela. Njengazo zonke izilwane zasolwandle, insikazi izala izingane ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ezizithwala esikhwameni sayo. Imvamisa inzalo yizingane ezingama-2-4.
Umlando Wokutholwa kanye neHabitat
Lapho abaseYurophu beqala ukubona lesi silwane, azange basheshe banqume ngezinhlobo zazo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungashiwo cishe ngabo bonke abameleli bezilwane zase-Australia. Umazala wezilwane wayehlukile. Abelungu bebengaqondi ukuthi ngubani, kanti ekuqaleni banquma ukuthi phambi kwabo kwakumele isizwe senkawu. Izici zokuziphatha zivelise amanye amaphutha: i-umzala uvame ukubukwa njengohlobo lokudakwa. Okwamanje, i-koala ingabhekwa njengesihlobo esisondelene nesilwane. I-Couscous ibhekisa kuhlobo lwama-phenums futhi, njengawo wonke, yi-marsupial.
Kuyamangaza futhi ukuthi i-umzala yisilwane (isithombe), okungeyona eyomdabu wase-Australia. Izwe lakubo langempela kwakuyiNew Guinea. Ngemuva kokuba lesi silwane sithole i-Australia, iziqhingi zaseTimor naseSeram, iziqhingi zaseBismarck kanye naseSolomon Islands.
Isilwane sikamzala: incazelo
UCouscous kucatshangwa ukuthi mkhulu kunakho konke okukhona. Lokhu kunengxenye kuphela eqondile: emvelweni kunezinhlobo zezilwane ezingama-20. Isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke sikhula sibe ngu-120 cm futhi sithole ama-9 kg ngesisindo, kanti amancanyana anesisindo esingaphezu kwama-800 amagremu, futhi ngosayizi awudluli ku-20 cm. Kepha izinhlobo eziningi zifinyelela kubude obuyi-45 cm, futhi isisindo sazo siphakathi kuka-4 no-6. amakhilogremu.
I-Animal mzala inobuhle obuthuthukile nobukhulu, ngemithunzi esukela kuphuzi obomvana ophuzi onsundu. Abesifazane bavame ukuba monophonic, abesilisa bangagcabha amabala nemivimbo. Izilwane zomsila zinobude obude, obukhuni kakhulu, cishe obugcwele njalo futhi abunayo ingxenye. Ingxenye engenazinwele imbozwe ngezikali ezivimba ukulimala lapho kusetshenziswa umsila njengengubo yesihlanu.
Isibalo se-umzcs sifushane, izindlebe zincanyana futhi zizungelezile kahle, amehlo makhulu, avame ukuba nsundu noma amnyama, yize kutholakala abantu abane-blue or pink iris. Iminwe 'esezandleni' yinde futhi iqinile, ifakelwe izigqoko ezibukhali futhi ezinde - yona, umzala wesilwane ubanjwa ngokuqinile lapho udlula ezihlahleni. Azivezi ngaphandle kokukhishwa kokudla.
Isikhathi esijwayelekile sokuphila kwe-umzala yiminyaka eyi-11.
Izintandokazi zokudla
Ngokwemvelo, inzalo yezilwane i-emnivorous, enokuthile kokudla kwesitshalo. Idla ngezithelo, amaqabunga kanye nezinye izipho zemvelo. Kodwa-ke, ngesinye isikhathi udla izilokazane ngentshiseko, amaqanda ezinyoni, futhi uma enenhlanhla, usebenzisa izinyoni ezincane nezikhala ezilengayo.
Amasiko omshado
Ngokungafani nezilwane eziningi ezincelisayo, ngokuzalanisa umzala wakho akunqunyelwe ngesikhathi: lezi zilwane azinaso isikhathi sokuzala. Bayakwazi ukunika izingane unyaka wonke. Ngasikhathi sinye, umzala awunazo ngazimbili ezinzile, ngoba lezi zilwane, njengoba sekushiwo, zingumhawu.
Ukukhulelwa kowesifazane kuya ngokushesha, isikhathi esiningi kuthatha amasonto amabili kuphela. Amawundlu angama-2-3 azalwa, kuyivelakancane kakhulu ukuthola i-quadruple. Izingane ziba nonina cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha, kuthi ngemuva kwalokho, zizuze amandla okuzondla, ziyamshiya. Kuwo wonke udoti, yi-cub eyodwa kuphela evame ukusinda.
Iqiniso elihehayo
Ngaphandle kwalokho, umzala isilwane esihle ngokubukeka futhi simnandi ngokuziphatha. Inempahla eyimfihlakalo: amanxeba atholakalayo aphiliswa ngokushesha ngokumangazayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nomonakalo omkhulu futhi ojulile, ongase ubulale ezinye izilwane. Ayikho incazelo yesayensi ngale ndaba engakatholakali, kepha iyasiza isilwane ukuba siphile, ngoba isilonda asinaso isikhathi sokutheleleka.
Izitha zesilwane
Endaweni yokuhlala yemvelo yezitha zokhokho ekuzingeleni ngokukhethekile i-mzala, ayikho. Abantu abasha bangaba inyoka yenyoka enkulu noma inyoni enkulu yezinyamazane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, unyaka nonyaka inani labazala lincipha ngokuqina. Futhi umuntu kufanele asolwe. Okokuqala, kuncishiswa ukugawulwa kwamahlathi okuhlala njalo, kunciphisa izilwane ezindaweni zazo. Okwesibili, kukhona ukuzingela okuzala: uboya obuhle futhi obunemibala ehlukahlukene kubenza bakhange embonini yoboya. Futhi abantu bendawo babulala izilwane ukuze bazidle, okubhekwa njengokudla okumnandi. Izazi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo zibikezela ukuthi ngokoqobo eminyakeni eyishumi, uma kungekho zinyathelo ezinamandla ezithathwayo, umzala uzohlala ezindaweni ezindawo zokugcina imvelo kuphela.