Onogwaja abakhulu banguhlobo oluthile lwenyama noma lwenyama ephansi. Lezi zilwane zikhulu kakhulu emndenini we-hare futhi zivame ukuba nomlingiswa ozolile nohamba kancane.
Izinhlobo ezinkulu zonogwaja
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi zezinja ezinkulu, kepha ezinye zazo zithandwa kakhulu. Okujwayelekile kakhulu futhi okusohlwini lokwehla kosayizi kungokulandelayo:
- AmaFlanders noma ama-giants waseBelgian
- AmaConti noma ama-Continental Giants,
- Imidondoshiya eyiRisen noma yaseJalimane,
- Ama-chinchillas amakhulu namaSoviet
- Iziqhwaga ezimpunga
- Imidondoshiya emhlophe
- Izimvemvane ezinkulu noma izibhulu ezinkulu
- Izinqama ze-Angora
- I-Vienna eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- Izinqama zaseFrance.
Incazelo nezithombe zazo zonke izinhlobo ezifakwe kuhlu zingatholakala ngezansi.
I-Flanders
Sekuphele amakhulu amahlanu eminyaka, imidondoshiya yaseBelgian ibihola ngosayizi omkhulu phakathi konogwaja abakhulu.
Ngokwezincazelo ezisindile, zaqala ukufakwa endaweni yaseBelgian eFlanders.
Izinga lesisindo lezinkungu liyi-8-12 kg, ukukhasa okwaziwa kakhulu kunesisindo esingu-25 kg. Ubude bomzimba obukhulu bungama-90 cm.
Kunemibala engaba yishumi eyaziwayo, kepha umsebenzi wokufuya uhlala uqhubeka njalo. Isikhumba asibalulekanga kangako kunenyama.
Ukupholile futhi unemvelo enhle, enokuthula kakhulu futhi enothando iyakuvumela ukuba ugcine imidondoshiya yaseBelgian endlini njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
UConti
Imidondoshiya yamazwekazi ayiphansi kuneFlanders ngosayizi futhi futhi iyinzalo yakudala. Abamele bayo bafinyelela isisindo esingama-16 kg, kanti umhlaba odumile uRalph wawunesisindo esingu-25 kg.
Umlingiswa ophawuleka kaConti uvumela ukuthi zigcinwe endlini njengezilwane ezifuywayo, yize injongo eyinhloko yalezi zilwane ingezansi-inyama.
Isikhathi sokuphila sikaKonti sincane - iminyaka engama-4-5, kepha uma zigcinwa endlini futhi zidilizwa, kepha ziyasinda ziye eminyakeni eyi-10. Isici esimangazayo salezi zilwane ukukhumbula igama lazo nokwenza imiyalo elula.
Imidondoshiya yaseJalimane noma onogwaja baseRiesen
Uhlobo lokuzalwa konogwaja lwaseRiesen lwabhaliswa eJalimane ngo-1937. Ithathwe eFlanders. Inyama yalezi zinhlobo ziyaphawuleka ngokunambitheka okuhle, uboya buthengiswa buphansi, ikakhulukazi umbala ompunga wokuqala omnyama. Manje kunezinhlobo zemibala eminingana (igolide, emnyama, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), ezivumela ukukhuphula intshisekelo ezikhumbeni zalezi zilwane.
Izinsikazi zalolu hlobo lokuzala zizala kakhulu, zikwazi ukuletha onogwaja abangaba ngu-15, futhi zifike kwabangu-45 ngonyaka.
Isisindo esijwayelekile seRisenov singama-6-10 kg, ikakhulukazi abantu abakhulu bafinyelela ku-15 kg, futhi ubude bomzimba bufika kuma-80 cm nokuningi.
Ukuntuleka kokuzalela kuthathwa njengokufika sekwephuzile, unogwaja usekulungele ukuthala kuphela izinyanga eziyi-9, kanti unogwaja uqala ukuzalisa kungakapheli unyaka.
Lezi onogwaja, usayizi inja isilinganiso, ezolile futhi enhle-imvelo. Yize kungezona izinhlobo zokuhlobisa, zivame ukugcinwa endlini njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukudangala okuphansi kwenza ukuthi bakwazi ukuhlangana namakati nezinja. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziqhwaga zaseJalimane azikaze zibonise zimpawu zobudlova.
Umlando wokuzala
Unogwaja omkhulu ompunga wavela eRussia muva nje, maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ukuzalela kwabona ukukhanya ngenxa yokuqothuka kwezilwane zasekhaya, ezingazalwanga, ezinamaFelgian flanders asevele ezuze ukuvunyelwa komhlaba wonke.
Ummeleli wohlobo lwe-grey giant
Ngokungafani neBelgians, enezinkinga ezibuthakathaka zangaphansi futhi zokugaya ezingeni lofuzo, ukusinda kabi enyakatho, lolu hlobo olusha lufaka zonke izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu ze-flanders. Ukweleta lokhu kubahwebi besifunda iPoltava, ese-Ukraine.
Unogwaja ompunga waba mkhulu. Ukusuka kunogwaja abalula, wazuza ukungavikeleki okuhle, ukumelana nezifo, ukuqina okuphezulu. Ivumelaniswe kahle nezimo zezulu zasendaweni, ayesabi amaqhwa asenyakatho.
Kubalulekile! Okubi yinyama esezingeni eliphansi kuphela.
Ama-chinchillas aseSoviet
Lokhu kuzalaniswa kwatholakala eSoviet Russia encane ngo-1927 ngokuwela umvundla ojwayelekile we-chinchilla ngesikhulu esikhulu esimhlophe.
Lababantu bafinyelela ku-8-9 kg wesisindo, ubude bomzimba bufika kuma-65-70 cm.Imibala yabo igqamile kakhulu - ijazi emzimbeni wesilwane liyi-tint yesiliva, futhi kunomngcele omncane omhlophe ozungeze amehlo. Izindlebe nesihloko somsila kungathi kuchazwe ngopende wamalahle.
Lezi zilwane zivuthwa ngokocansi uma sezinezinyanga ezi-4 ubudala, ziphawuleka ukuzala okuhle, insikazi izala onogwaja abangama-8-10 ngomjikelezo owodwa.
Inyama ingesigaba sokunambitha esijwayelekile, kanti noboya bukhulu bubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngokwemvelo, lezi zilwane zizolile futhi zinemvelo enhle, kepha azivamile ukuba zifuywe njengezilwane ezifuywayo, ngoba kunezinhlobonhlobo zohlobo lokuhlobisa.
Incazelo nezici zohlobo
Phezu kokuthi i-grey giant inesimo sombala we hares yasendle, isisu sayo nama-paws adwetshwe mhlophe. Ngombala wohlobo olusha, imibala emi-2 iyanqoba, ingaba bomvu-grey, njengamahashe ajwayelekile, no-grey omnyama, njengoboya bezintambo. Abantu abanebala elibomvu babizwa nge- agouti.
Umama onogwaja
Ungahlangana nezinhlobonhlobo zama-grey giant ngesikhumba esimnyama ne-grey-iron. Inzalo entsha kwesinye isikhathi iba nombala wegolide, izinhlobo zokhokho abadumile ngokusobala ziyathinteka.
- umzimba uhlukaniswe ngobukhulu, ubude budlula ukukhula ngobubanzi, lolu hlobo lubizwa ngokuthi i-leptosomal, ubude bawo bufinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-60-65 ngesilinganiso sesifuba esingamasentimitha angama-40,
- isisindo bukhoma - kuze kufike kumakhilo angama-7-8,
- umgogodla unamandla,
- ama-paws aqinile,
- isifuba sibanzi
- ikhanda likhulu, liphakeme kancane,
- uvolo - ubude obuphakathi nobukhulu.
Iziqhwaga ezimpunga azesabi izithambiso zaseSiberia, zizizwa zinkulu emakhejini afakiwe, into esemqoka ukuthi kunenani elikhulu le-hay kuzo, uma kungenjalo ama-paws azoba yiqhwa elilingana nensimbi yaphansi. Abakhethi ngokudla, bazivumelanise ngokuphelele nanoma yiziphi izimo zezulu, ngaphandle kwesizathu abafuyi bomvundla abazibiza ngonogwaja abahle. Bazizwa kahle emakhejini nasezindizeni. Abantu banda izifunda ezintsha ngokwengeziwe, ziqhubekela enyakatho.
Kubalulekile! Umdondoshiya ompunga udideka kalula nge-chinchilla ngenxa yombala wejazi lawo. I-chinchilla engemuva kwekhanda inemibala ekhanyayo. Ukuze kungabikho nkohliso, kufanele unake lokhu.
Iziqhwaga ezimpunga
Lona umsebenzi wohlobo lwase-Ukraine, wokuzalela owaqala ngo-1927. Ibhaliswe ngokusemthethweni ngo-1952.
Imidondoshiya yaseBelgian kanye nonogwaja bendawo abahlaseliwe bahlanganyele eziphambanweni, ngasikhathi sinesikhathi sokuvuthwa okuphezulu nokuzala.
Futhi le nhlobonhlobo emangalisayo yasungulwa ngombala ovela ku-Flanders ebunjiwe nokungatheleleki okuphezulu, kanye nokusebenza kahle kogwaja basemakhaya abakhishwe inyumbazana.
Imizimba emide yemisipha emidala efinyelela ku-65 cm, isisindo esijwayelekile ingama-7 kg. Imibala edumile yonke izithunzi ezimpunga nejeythi emnyama.
Lezi zilwane zasepulazini zihlukaniswa ngomqhumo onolaka, ngakho-ke azigcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo, kepha njengohlobo lwenyama azilingani ngezindlela eziningi. Okubaluleke kakhulu cishe kungukuzivikela ngokuphelele kwezifo.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kokuzalela
Inzuzo yalokhu kuzalanisa ukuthi izilwane zikhula ngokushesha. Izilwane ezincane zithola isisindo ngokwezinga lokuthi ezinyangeni ezintathu sezivele zinesisindo esingama-2-2,5 kilos, kuthi ngesine isisindo sazo singamakhilogremu amathathu.
Owesifazane osemdala ufinyelela isisindo somzimba esingamakhilogremu amahlanu; owesilisa ukhulule ikhilogremu. Umuntu ngamunye ufinyelela amakhilogremu ayi-7. Okubi yikhwalithi engeyona yenyama. Izikhumba ziyanqoba ngenxa yendawo yazo enkulu, ngoba ukuqina koboya yi-mediocre. Izinga lesikhumba nalo lithinteka ukungalingani kwalo kwabantu.
IGrey Giant Breed Ejwayelekile
Kepha ukuzalanisa kuyanda kakhulu, kulokho kunenhlamvu eyisi-8 nokunye. Onogwaja bama-grey giants omama abakhathalela kakhulu, ungalokothi udle inzalo yabo, ungayichithi emgedeni, ukondle omncane, ubashushube, ubanakekele. Into esemqoka ukungabukeli ngokweqile abakhiqizi.
Qaphela! Ukukhuluphala kwamafutha omzimba kuthinta kabi umsebenzi wokuzala wonogwaja.
Amathemba okuzala
Ngenxa yokusebenzela ukuthuthukisa imidondoshiya engwevu, kwenzeka ukuba zizalwe endaweni yonke engemva kweSoviet. Ukungathobeki kwabo ezimeni zokuboshwa, ubungqabavu, ukungakhethi esondweni lokuphaka, amandla adonsela phansi aphezulu kwenza ukuba lo mhlambi ube omunye wabafuyi abathandwa kakhulu futhi abathandwayo.
Zotshalwa ezigodini ezizimele nasemapulazini amakhulu ezimpahla. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-flander yaseBelgian ithola isisindo esingamakhilogremu amathathu ngaphezu kwabalingani bayo abampunga, abalimi bakhetha imidondoshiya engwevu. Kulula ukuthi zikhule kunangaphambilini kokugula, amafiniti anempilo.
Owesifazane kungenzeka ezinyangeni ezingama-6-7. Abesilisa abathola inzalo enhle batholwa uneminyaka eyisikhombisa kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ubudala. Uma ukuwa kwenzeka ekuqaleni, lokhu kungathinta kabi ukukhula nezilwane zezilwane. Onogwaja bazalwa ngezinsuku ezingama-30 ukuya kowama-30 kusuka kokumboza insikazi.
Ukuzala nokukhulisa onogwaja
Onogwaja abampunga abampunga banda kakhulu, banobisi oluningi, futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga baxhumana nabesilisa, okuthe nakho kusebenze. Onogwaja banesilinganiso esihle sokusinda. Onogwaja bomama banomqondo okhule kahle wokuba ngumama, banakekela izingane kahle, bahlela izidleke kusenesikhathi, bazimboze ngotshani nangaphansi.
Eminyakeni engu-30 kuya kwengama-30 ubudala, onogwaja bangahlukaniswa nomama. Ngalesi sikhathi, amazinyo abo obisi asevele eshintsha abe yaphakade, bonke badla bodwa futhi abadingi ubisi lukamama ikakhulukazi. Kepha lapho ineminyaka eyodwa yenyanga, basenayo i-acidity engekakhuli kahle yejusi esiswini, futhi kamuva kulunyulwa kusuka kumama onogwaja kungcono.
Kubalulekile! Onogwaja ngemuva kokugijima badinga ama-5 okukondla okukodwa. Isonto ngalinye, usayizi wokuphakelwa uyanda, izinhlobo ezintsha zethulwa.
Ikheji elingcolile, ukudla okungathathi kahle, ukungasebenzi kahle, okusalungiswa kuholela ekufeni kwezilwane ezisencane. Uma ekuhlolweni, unogwaja omncane ubukeka edumele, unokubukeka okukhanyayo, uhudo, lezi yizimpawu zesifo. Ingane enjalo idinga ukuba yodwa ukuze ingatheleleleli abanye.
Emakheji nasezindizeni
Eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeRussian Federation, e-Ukraine, imidondoshiya engwevu ingagcinwa esitokisini khona lapho emgaqweni. Babekezelela izimo zezulu ezibonakala kulezi zindawo. Into esemqoka ukuthi amaseli awusayizi ofanele. Umgogodla ukhubazekile onogwaja abagcwele, othinta kabi zonke izitho zangaphakathi zesilwane.
Ubungako beseli obulinganiswayo bama-giants giants kufanele bube amasentimitha angama-80 * 90. Ngomvundla, ubukhulu bunyuswa ngebhokisi lesibeletho, elinobukhuluamasentimitha angama-40 * 50. Ekhejini elilodwa aqukethe unogwaja ovuthiwe owodwa kuphela, ngaphandle kwalokho abesilisa bazolwa bodwa, bonakalisa isikhumba.
Amaseli kufanele avikeleke kokubhaliwe, ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, imvula akufanele ithulule phezu kwabo, iqhwa akufanele liwe. Ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, amakheji anonogwaja wesikhathi samaqhwa angeniswa kahle kakhulu esakhiweni senhlokodolobha, okumele kufakwe umoya omncane njalo, sihlanzwe, futhi sikhishwe amagciwane.
Ungagcina isibalo sonogwaja ezindaweni ezivalekile. Kepha kulokhu, izinsikazi nezesilisa zihlala ezicijweni ezihlukene noma zihlukanise izindiza zibe izingxenye ezi-2, enye iqukethe onogwaja, abanye onogwaja. Ama-Aviaries anesibaya axhumene nomgodi, lapho izilwane zingaphephela khona kusuka sezulu, vele ulale.
Kubalulekile! Kufulethi olulodwa abesilisa bangagcinwa kuphela kuze kube izinyanga ezine ubudala. Ngokulondolozwa okuthe xaxa, adonswa ngendlwana noma ahlala kumaseli ngamanye.
Ungondla kanjani onogwaja
Ukuze onogwaja bakhule kahle, babe nokugomeka okuzinzile kwezifo, kumele bondliwe kahle. Ama-Giants awakhalazi ngesifiso sokudla. Zonke izinhlobo zamakhambi zifakiwe ekudleni kwazo ngaphandle kodoti onobuthi, i-celandine, ne-bleached.
Bazithanda kakhulu i-alfalfa, i-euphorbia, i-nettle, umhlonyane, amahlumela ezihlahla zezithelo. Ngenjabulo badla imifino ebunjiwe, ama-aphula. Ebusika, ukudla okuhlanganisiwe nokudla kwamathambo kuxutshwa namazambane abilisiwe. Ngeke benqabe okusanhlamvu kakolweni, ummbila.
Ulwazi Olwengeziwe! Izaqathi ngama-apula, iklabishi, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema akuyona nje kuphela isithasiselo sevithamini ekudleni konogwaja, kodwa futhi inomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ipheshana lesisu.
Uklaba utshani obusha
Ungayinakekela kanjani
Ama-Giants awadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Isici sokugcina onogwaja ukuhlanzeka ezinkanjini, izindiza zezindiza, ukungabikho kokubhaliwe, ukuba khona kwesitsha esinamanzi amasha, nenani elanele lokudla. Igumbi kufanele livuleke umoya njalo, ukuvikela ukungaboli.
Lapho uthenga unogwaja omkhulu ongwevu wokuzalela ekhaya lakho, kudingeka uqinisekise impilo yabo. Esilwaneni esiphilile, i-poop imile okwe-pea, yomile futhi kunzima ukuyithinta. Ukuhamba kwamathumbu wamanzi kukhombisa izinkinga zokugaya noma ukugula okungenzeka. Isisu sesilwane kufanele sithambe, singavuvukalanga, izindlebe namehlo sihlanzekile. Imilenze yendoda yesikhathi esizayo enempilo kufanele ibe namandla futhi ibe namandla.
Ukungathobeki kwemivundla yokugcinwa nokunikezwa kokudla unyaka wonke kuzonikeza wonke umndeni inyama edliwayo, kanti nezikhumba zizosetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezingubo zangaphandle zasebusika.
Yikuphi ukuzalanisa okungabizwa ngokuthi yimidondoshiya
- Isikhulu esikhulu segrey - uhlobo olukhiqiza onogwaja, olutholwe ngenxa yokuwela onogwaja abaxutshwe naluhlaza naseBelgian flanders. Ngenxa yalokhu, babemelana nezinguquko zokushisa, izifo kanye nokunakekelwa kwezilwane. Lawa marabi afuywa njengomthombo wenamba enkulu yenyama esezingeni eliphezulu nezikhumba ezinhle.
- Isiqhwaga esimhlophe - Izinhlobo zohlobo oluvame kakhulu eRussia. Ukuqokwa kususelwa kunogwaja abangama-albino. Bathuthukisa ukuzalanisa nabantu bomdondoshiya ompunga kanye ne-chinchilla yaseSoviet. Lolu hlobo lonogwaja lithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda okukhulu kwesisindo, ijazi elithambile, nemvelo ezolile.
- I-chinchilla yaseSoviet - Enye yezinhlobo eziyizintandokazi zokwenza inyama nokukhiqizwa kwenyama. Ukuzalela kwafuywa eFrance. Leli gama lanikezwa ngenxa yokufana okuphawulekayo koboya bobuvila ne-chinchilla. Sinezinto eziningi zemikhiqizo yoboya ezithuthukisiwe ezivela ezingubeni zalaba bameleli bohlobo.
- I-Belland flanders -Uhlobo oludala olungeniswa oluvela esifundeni saseBelgian eFlanders. Lezi onogwaja bakhuliswa emhlabeni wonke ngenhloso yokuthola inyama nezikhumba. Ngenxa yomusa wezilwane, zilethwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo endlini noma efulethini.
- Ibhabhathane - Uhlobo olungajwayelekile kakhulu lonogwaja. Yaba nodumo ngemuva kokugananisa onogwaja baseBrithani be-butterland ngama-flanders, ama-chinchillas aseSoviet kanye nama-giants amhlophe. Ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa, sebenzisa ngenxa yombala wazo omangalisayo. Abafuyi benogwaja bakhuliswa njengomthombo wenyama nezikhumba ezibonakala zingajwayelekile.
- Gior angora - Lawa onogwaja ababedalulwa kuphela ukuzalaniswa kwezimboni eTurkey. Lokhu kuzalaniswa kwama-rabi kudumile kakhulu phakathi kwabakhiqizi boboya bezindwangu. Abamele lo mfuo ukhule ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa ngokusebenzisa uboya obuhle nobude. Uboya be-Angora benziwa kuwo - indwangu enenqwaba ethambile eyingqayizivele.
- Inqama yaseJalimane - Umhlobo, oqanjwe ngemuva kokwakheka kwekhanda, ofana newundlu. Abafuyi baseJalimane bawela onogwaja benqama besiNgisi abazalanisa nama-flanders onogwaja, bese benqama nenqama yaseFrance. Umlingisi ovinjelwe kanye nenyama enkulu yenza lo mhlambi ube yintandokazi kuphela lapho ukhetha abalimi bobuhlalu.
Ukuze kuzalwe imidondoshiya emikhulu, kubalulekile ukuthi udale izimo ezifanele ukuze ikhule, ithuthukise, inakekele futhi idle kahle. Ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi, isimo soboya, ukuzala, kanye nempilo yezilwane kuncike ekunemba kokuqukethwe.
Unogwaja (ikheji) kufanele uvumele isilwane ukuba sime emilenzeni yaso yangasemva futhi sihambe ngokukhululeka kuso.Ungenzi i-mesh phansi, ngoba i-mesh ingalimaza imilenze emifushane. Kungcono ukwenza phansi kwamabhodi.
Kwabesifazane, kufanelekile ukuhlinzeka indawo ye-okrolya. Ubukhulu botshwala bomama (isidleke sesibeletho) ngezinhlobo ezinkulu zonogwaja kufanele futhi bukhulu.
Imidwebo eyisampula yokwakhiwa kwamaseli ngezandla zakho:
Okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka, amaseli kumele akhishwe igciwane ngesisombululo se-bleach noma se-hydrate lime. Onogwaja bazwela kakhulu ekushiseni ngokweqile kanye nakuhlaka. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha indawo yamaseli, le nuance kufanelekile ukuyicabangela. Amakheji kufanele abekwe ngaphandle ezindaweni ezinomthunzi, noma ngaphansi. Ebusika, indawo yokuhlala izilwane kufanele ifakwe kahle.
Ungawondla kanjani onogwaja abakhulu
Ekudleni, imidondoshiya emkhulu ayinakuzithoba. Ngakho-ke, kulula ngokwanele ukuba bathathe ukudla ekhaya. Ukuze ondle onogwaja, ama-feeder nezitsha zokuphuza kumele afakwe emakhejini. Izitsha zokuphuza ziyadingeka ukuthi zigcwaliswe njalo ngamanzi amasha afudumele, afudumele. Ophakelayo ugcwaliswa ngesikhathi, noma njengoba kudliwa okuphakelayo.
Ukudla kwazo zonke izinhlobo zonogwaja ngotshani (ebusika - hay), kanye nokudla okuxubile nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaprotheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane zidinga amaminerali namavithamini. Ukudla okuphelele kufanele kube namakhambi, izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu kanye namagamu. Ngohlobo ngalunye lokuphakelayo, kungcono ukunikezela nge-feeder ehlukile.
Ukudla kwe-Best Rabi
Onogwaja abakhulu bakhula kancane kunezinhlobo zabo ezijwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, inani lokudla kumele lihlinzekwe kabili ukuze ukondla kwanele.
Incazelo kanye nenqubo yokuzalela
Abamele lolu hlobo lweGrey Giant bane-skeleton enamandla, inhloko enkulu nomthethosisekelo oqinile. Ubude bomzimba 65 cm, isifuba esingu-38 cm ngokujikeleza, emuva ngqo, izindlebe ngesimo sencwadi engu-V kufika ku-15 cm. Umbala we-agouti (hare grey). Imibala emnyama, yensimbi, nemibala e-brownish ayivamile. Umbala omnyama nomhlophe ovamile Isisindo esilinganiswayo somvundla sisuka ku-4.1 siye ku-7.5 kg. Isivuno se-Slaughter 55%.
Isici esahlukile sohlobo lokuzalwa uhlobo lwesibili lomvundla. Kubonisa ukondla okufanele nokukhula kwesilwane.
Ngokuya ngokuthi isisindo esikhulu sikhulu kangakanani, kuhlukaniswa izigaba ezi-3 zonogwaja:
Incazelo nezici zohlobo
Izinga lokuzalela liyizimbali. Ama-Giants angunogwaja onomzimba oqinile, umzimba omude futhi onamandla. Umugqa wangemuva, osuka emahlombe uye endaweni ebanzi, unesimo se-arch. Kwesinye isikhathi kuqhathaniswa ne-mandolin.
Umvundla Giant Flandre
Ikhanda elikhulu lithweswe umqhele ngezindlebe ezinde ezifakwe zibheke phezulu. Uma zibukwa zivela phambili, izindlebe zingaqhekeza phezulu, zibhalwe ngohlamvu lwesiLatini oluthi “V”. Ubude bezindlebe bungafinyelela ku-18 cm. Izindlebe ezigqamile nomzimba omkhulu yikhadi elivakashelayo lokuzalela.
Isisindo sokuqoshwa komdondoshiya sidlula ama-20 kg ubude bomzimba ongu-1,3 m. Izinkomba zesilinganiso ziphansi: ubude bomzimba 65 cm, isisindo esingu-8 kg. Ukuzalelwa kweziqhwaga kushintshile kancane eminyakeni eyi-2 yokuba khona kwayo. Abafuyi balwandisile kakhulu uhlu lwemibala olungapendulwa esembozweni sesilwane.
I-American Rabbit Association (ARBA) standard ibona imibala engu-7 ehlukene yalokhu kuzalanisa: mnyama, insimbi, grey ukukhanya, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, fawn, isihlabathi kanye nomhlophe. Kaningi unogwaja omkhulu esithombeni - Lesi isiqhwaga sombala wensimbi-grey.
Izimpawu zekhwalithi yokuzalanisa
Lapho kuhlolwa ukufaneleka kwesilwane, ochwepheshe baphendukela kuzinga lokuzalela, elibala ama-coefficients. Zibonisa ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani lokhu noma le pharamitha. Kwisiqhwaga sezwekazi, uhlu lwama coefficients lubukeka kanjena:
- Isakhiwo somzimba, isilinganiso, uhlobo: 20.
- Izimpawu zesisindo: 10.
- Ukwakheka Kwekhanda Nezindlebe: 20.
- Izinga lekhava: 25.
- Imibala yokumatanisa izici zokuzalela: 20.
- Izimo ezijwayelekile: 5.
Indinganiso ichaza kafushane ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye eziyisisekelo zedwala okufanele zibe yizo.
- Ukwakheka komzimba. Unogwaja omkhulu, unikeza umbono wesilwane esinamandla. Ubuncane bomzimba obungamasentimitha angama-65. Ingemuva lakhiwa kahle, likhuphuka lisuka entanyeni liyisiqongo esiyindilinga. Ishubhu elingaphansi akufanele lifakwe emgundwini. Izingalo ziqinile.
- Isisindo. Isilwane esidala kufanele sibe nesisindo esingu-7 kg okungenani.
- Ikhanda nezindlebe. Ikhanda likhulu. Isibalo sisondele. Amehlo akhanya, avulekile. Izihlathi ziwugqinsi. Ama-Auricles amakhulu, aphethwe aqondile, amathiphu awo ayindilinga. Ubude bendlebe cishe buba ngama-25% ubude bawo wonke umzimba, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kwama-16 cm.
- Ikhava. Iqondiswe emuva, icwebezela futhi iqinile. Ubude bezinwele eziphambili bufika ku-4 cm. I-undercoat iyiningi, iminyene, ithambile uma uthintwa.
- Umbala woboya. Kuchazwa ngokwezinga elijwayelekile. Imidondoshiya yezwekazi ihlukaniswe yaba mhlophe nombala.
- Izimo ezijwayelekile. Ukuziphatha kwesilwane, ikhava akufanele kudale ukungabaza esimweni sayo sempilo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemifino ethathwa njengezibhulu.
- Isiqhwaga saseBelgian — unogwaja inzalamizi. Ukusuka kulokhu kuzalanisa wonke ama-giants wesimanje. Izelwe eBelgium, esifundazweni sase-East Flanders. Imvamisa ibizwa nge- "flanders", "Flemish Giant."
Ngomlingiswa okhonondayo, unogwaja wabizwa ngokuthi "isiqhwaga esinomusa." I-Flander inika abantu inyama nesikhumba, yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi "unogwaja wendawo yonke." Isisindo serekhodi lesilwane singama-22 kg, isilinganiso singama-7 kg.
Unogwaja omkhulu waseBelgian
- Unogwaja Omhlophe Omhlophe. Abafuyi baseJalimane nabaseBelgian baqala ukufuya lolu hlobo. Phakathi kwama-flanders, kukhethwe ama-albino. Izimfanelo ezidingekayo zahlelwa ngokushushumbisa ngaphakathi. Kwavela izilwane ezinesikhumba esimfishane nenyama esezingeni eliphezulu. Ngo-1920s, onogwaja abamhlophe bangena e-USSR.
Ochwepheshe bemfuyo basekhaya baqala ukwenza ngcono ukuzalanisa. Bawela imidondoshiya nezilwane zomdabu. Sinehlobo lokuvimbela isithwathwa ngokugomela okuphezulu nokusinda kwezilwane ezincane. Onogwaja banenyama esezingeni kanye nejazi loboya obumhlophe qhwa. Ngokwesilinganiso, isilwane sinesisindo esingu-6.5 kg. Kamuva, i-chinchilla yaseSoviet kanye neminye imihlobo yathuthukiswa ngesisekelo semidondoshiya emhlophe.
Unogwaja Omhlophe Omhlophe
- Isikhulu esikhulu segrey. Kutholwa yi-hybridization yezilwane zasendaweni ezifuywayo kanye nonogwaja beFlanders zohlobo. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo inzalo yi-SSR yase-Ukraine, ipulazi loboya bePetervsky. Ngo-1952, umsebenzi wokwenziwa kabusha kwama-giants grey waqedwa. Isisindo esijwayelekile sohlobo lokuzalela singama-5 kg. Emapulazini aphansi, ngokunakekelwa okuhle, onogwaja badla kuze kufike ku-7 kg.
- Isiqhwaga saseBrithani - uhlobo oluncane olwaziwa ngaphandle kweNgilandi. Akuyona imvelaphi elula. KwabakwaFlanders ababelwe eNgilandi, insimbi kuphela eyayibhekwa njengejwayelekile. Ngawo-1940s, iziqhwaga ezivela eMelika ezinemibala ehlukene zathunyelwa ogwini lweMisty Albion zivela eMelika. Iziqhwaga zaseBrithani zakhutshwa kuzo.
- Isiqhwaga saseSpain - Ukuzalela okusongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Kutholakala njengomphumela we-hybridization of a giant white nge-Spanish native izinhlobo.
- Isiqhwaga saseJalimane. Ukuzalela kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi yiRiesen yaseJalimane. Kutholwe kusuka ku-flanders. Enye inzalo enhle kakhulu yamasayizi e-grandiose. Ikhula ngobude ibe yi-65-79 cm. Ingaba nesisindo esingu-12 kg.
- Isiqhwaga saseHungary noma isiHungary agouti. Umhlobo oseleminyaka engaba ngu-200. Umuntu omdala uthola isisindo aze afike ku-7 kg. Isiqhwaga saseHungary kancane kancane siyathathelwa indawo ngezinhlobo zanamuhla, ezikhiqiza onogwaja.
- Isiqhwaga esikhulu. Imidondoshiya yaseJalimane ingenise eNgilandi ivela kubazalisi bendawo bendawo yathola igama elithi “izwekazi”.
Kukhona namanje ukudideka ngokwemibandela. Abanye abafuyi bonogwaja babheka lesi siqhingi esikhulu njengezwe elizimele, abanye babona leli gama njengegama elifanayo lesidumo saseJalimane, kanti abanye ngaphansi kwegama elithi “izwekazi” basho bonke onogwaja abakhulu baseYurophu.
Unogwaja omkhulu we-Giant ram
- URamu - Ukuzalela, kukhuliswa abafuyi benzondo abangamaNgisi, ngekhulu le-XIX. Lasakazeka ngokushesha eYurophu. Ngemizamo yabafuyi, izinhlobo zezinsiza zatholakala ezingabizwa ngokuthi ngama-giants. Isisindo esijwayelekile sezinqama zaseJalimane naseFrance ziyi-9 kg.
Izinzuzo kanye nezinzuzo zohlobo
Ukuthola izimfanelo ezinhle nezingalungile zezinhlobo zonogwaja, kufanelekile ukubheka, okokuqala, ngakulapho kuzalwe khona. Zonke iziqhwaga zingunogwaja bendawo yonke. Lokhu kunezinzuzo zako.
- Ukuzalela konogwaja abakhulu - umthombo wenyama nezikhumba. Yomibili imikhiqizo iyikhwalithi enhle.
- Inani longezwa ngekhwalithi - kunenyama eningi, isikhumba sikhulu.
- Ukuzala ezilwaneni kulimala kakhulu. Unogwaja omdala unika izingane eziyisithupha ngonyaka. Abesilisa ababuvila, babamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo ekuzaleni kabusha.
- Ama-Giants angabazali abakhathalelayo. Abesifazane abazilahli izingane, bondla izingane ngempumelelo.
Unogwaja osayizi wenja
Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi imidondoshiya ayinazo izingqinamba. Kepha uma kufiswa, izimfanelo ezingezinhle zifaka:
- Ubukhulu obukhulu bezilwane budinga amasayizi amakhulu weseli.
- Onogwaja abakhulu badla kakhulu. Kepha okuhlangenwe nakho kukhombisa ukuthi inani lokuphakelayo ngokwesisindo seyunithi ngalinye lichithwa elifanayo nezinye izinhlobo.
Ukunakekelwa nokugcinwa
Ikheji liyikhaya eliyinhloko lomvundla. Izikhulu Zonogwaja Abakhulu phakamisa iseli yobukhulu obufanele: 1.8 m ekugcineni, 1 m ukujula, 0.7 m ukuphakama. Ekhosini elinjalo, insikazi enzala ingathola indawo yokuhlala kahle. Kwamarabi angashadile, kwakhiwa amaseli amancane: 1-1.2 m ububanzi, 0,75 m ukujula, 0.45-0.6 m ukuphakama.
Amaseli abekwa esibayeni, ezitezi ezi-2 noma endaweni ethendeni (ngaphansi kombhede). Kunoma ikuphi, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile akufanele kungene endlini yomvundla. Ngaphezu kwemisebe ye-ultraviolet, onogwaja kufanele bavikeleke kokubhaliwe. Ama-Giant azwela kakhulu ukushaya nomoya opholile.
Ikheji lokuzala
Ama-Giants angunogwaja angasebenzi. Isikhathi esiningi balala ekhoneni lasekhaya. Ngakho-ke lokho kwenzeka kwe-izicubu zemisipha, kungakuhle ukuthi ubakhuphe esitokisini imizuzu embalwa nsuku zonke, ubenze bahambe kancane.
Imiklamo yamaselula yamapulazi amakhulu onogwaja namapulazi amancane afana. Ngempela ihlinzeka abafuyi bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe ngokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwezilwane. Lapho kukhulu ipulazi, kuba yingozi kakhulu ukutheleleka okuthile. Uhlelo lokugoma lubandakanya imigomo yokulwa nemarabi, i-myxomatosis, i-viral hemorrhage, nokunye.
Abafuyi abaqeqeshiwe banamathela ngokuqinile ohlelweni lokugoma. Kwabalimi nabalimi abaqukethe inani elincane lomvundla, abezilwane abavunyelwe. Uma kukhona izinsolo zokutheleleka kule ndawo, lonke uhlaka lwamarabi luhlatshwa njalo. Ngokulandelayo, amaseli ayahlanzwa futhi abulawa amagciwane, kuthengwa izilwane ezintsha, isitoko sibuyiselwa ngokushesha.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kokuzalela
- lapho zizalela ekhaya, izimfanelo ezinhle zohlobo lokuzala ziyagcinwa,
- Onogwaja bathola isisindo ngokushesha
- okumnandi, inyama edliwayo,
- ubumnandi kanye nobisi lobunogwaja,
- izintokazi azidli nzalo,
- hhayi ukukhetha kokuphakelayo,
- ukungasebenzi kahle komzimba
- imvelo ezolile
- ukuzivumelanisa okuhle nezimo zezulu.
- ubuhle
- Uboya obuphambili
- iphesenti elincane lesithelo senyama ngemuva kokubulawa,
- ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-7, ukunambitheka kwenyama kuyancipha.
Isiphetho
Njengoba imidondoshiya engwevu ivumelana nezimo zokuphila ezinesizotha, zinhle ngokuzalanisa onogwaja bama-amateur nabalimi abancane.
Sekela isiteshi sethu - ubhalise, like futhi ushiye umbono wakho kule ndatshana. Sizothokoza kakhulu ngokusekelwa kwakho!
Umsoco
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, imifino eluhlaza esomile yethulwa ekudleni kwezilwane. Amahlamvu neziqu zomnduze womndeni wesigodi, ubisi, kanye ne-bleached awafakwa kokudla okuluhlaza kanye notshani ovunwayo. Ngaphezu kwe-hay, amagatsha e-birch, i-aspen kanye nezihlahla ze-coniffort alungiselelwe ubusika.
Ebusika, izilwane ziququda konke ukudla okulungiselelwe ehlobo. Kudinga amandla athe xaxa ukuze uhlale ufudumele. Abanikazi bondla amawadi abo ngama-breadcrumbs. Khulisa inani lezingxube zemifino ekudleni konogwaja. Ama-Giants ayondliwa ntambama. Ukudla kwabo kufaka izinto ezijwayelekile zonogwaja:
- utshani obomile ehlobo, ebusika - hay, feed ka-twig,
- okuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe
- ukuxutshwa okusanhlamvu okususelwa ku-legume
- izithako zamaminerali
- I-Mishmash (ingxube yemifino ekhethiwe).
Imithetho yokondla ilula. Ungasebenzisi okonakele, ongaphansi komhlaba, imikhiqizo eyisisekelo. Ebusika, qiniseka ukuthi amanzi nabaxube abahlanganisi. Ehlobo, susa ukudla okusele. Gcina amanzi ehlanzekile. Ukudla kwama-giants akufani nokuncane okutholwe eminye imihlobo etholakalayo. Ama-Giants anikezwa okunye ukudla, izithako zamaprotheni ziyaqiniswa ekudleni kwawo, okungukuthi, anikezwa izindondo ezengeziwe.
Ngokuvamile, onogwaja abakhethi, okuqukethwe ngokudla okuluhlaza. Izinsikazi ezengeziwe zithola umugqa owengeziwe. Ehlobo, badla kufika ku-700 g wotshani kanye ne-100 g yokudla okugxile. Ebusika, i-200 g ye-hay, i-160 g yokudla okugxilwe ku-250 g kokuphakelayo okumnandi (imifino). Onogwaja abanohlwayi badla okuphindwe kabili nohhafu. Njengoba onogwaja bekhula, ingxenye yabesifazane iyanda.
Musa ukweqisa isilwane. Ivolumu yokudla kufanele yanele ngosayizi wayo nesimo. Ukudla ngokweqile nokuphila okuqhubekayo kuholela ekukhuluphisweni, okuhambisana ne-pathologies eminingi.
Lapho izilwane ezincane ziphenduka izinyanga ezingama-3-4 ubudala, kufika umzuzu wokunquma empilweni yazo. Ukulungiswa okuthe xaxa kuba yingozi kwezomnotho. Ukudla okuningi kusetshenziselwa ukuthola isisindo esingu-1 kg kunasemncane. Ngakho-ke, onogwaja abanezinyanga ezine, ubukhulu becala, bavunyelwe ukuthengiswa noma ukuhlatshwa.
Ukuzala kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside
Ama-Giants azo zonke izinhlobo anezici njengabazali abakhathalelayo nabanolwazi olude. Ukuzalela Onogwaja Abakhulu akubangeli ubunzima. Abesilisa bavunyelwe abesilisa abangaphezulu kwezinyanga ezingama-6-7 nabesifazane bezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.
Ukuthola inzalo engcono yamaFlemish giants, kunconyelwa ukuthi ungajahi ukuqala kokukhula kuqala. Lindela owesimame ukuthi athole isisindo somuntu omdala. Kungekudala kuneminyaka engu-8 ubudala ukuvumela owesilisa ukuba abe ngowakhe.
Silindele inzalo, izinsikazi zakha isidleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Akuvamile ukwenqaba ukwenza imisebenzi kamama. Onogwaja bavundile, baletha okungenani ama-7-8 cubs. Kuyenzeka ukuthi izinsikazi zilethe amawundlu ayi-15 noma ngaphezulu.
Unogwaja onogwaja osekhulile
Izinga lokusinda kwezinsana lifinyelela ku-90%. Abesifazane banaka onogwaja. Akuvamile ukunyathelwa phansi yize kuhamba kancane, isisindo nobukhulu obukhulu obukhulu. Onogwaja bakhula ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwesonto kuzelwe izingane, zikhula ngokweqile ku-fluff. Ngosuku lwe-10, bavula amehlo abo. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, onesibindi kakhulu isikhashana ushiye isidleke.
Isisindo somvundla osanda kuzalwa akuvamile ukuba ngaphezu kwe-90 g. Ngemuva kwesonto, isisindo sabo siphindwa kabili. Lapho unogwaja wosana ephenduka enenyanga, iba nzima kawu-10 kunesisindo sokuqala. Imidlwane emincane esebenza kakhulu ikhula ibe izinyanga ezine. Amasayizi amadala afinyelela ezinyangeni eziyi-8 ubudala.
Impilo kanogwaja omkhulu akuyona ende. Ezinyangeni ezi-4 zeminyaka, bambulalela inyama. Uma unogwaja enenhlanhla, khona-ke uzohlala iminyaka engama-4-5 esekhisini. Phakathi kwezilwane kukhona abaseminyakeni eyikhulu yobudala lapho umkhawulo ufinyelela eminyakeni eyi-6-8.
Ukuthengiswa okusebenzayo kanye nokuthengisa okuphelele kwezinja ezikhona kusatshalaliswa ngokusatshalaliswa kwezilwane. Isilinganiso intengo yomvundla omkhulu ngokuthenga iyunithi ngama-ruble angama-400. Uhla lwamanani lubanzi impela - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-300 kuye kwangama-1000.
Intengo yezidumbu zonogwaja incike kancane ekuzalweni, okwayihlatshwa inyama. Ilinganiselwa kuma-ruble angama-300-400 ngekhilogremu. Abahlinzeki abakhombisi nokuthi hlobo luni oluvinjelwe. Okungelona ngokuphelele. Izinga le-pulp liphezulu kakhulu enyameni, liphansi kancane ezikhumbeni zezikhumba, i.e., imidondoshiya, iphansi ngisho nasezinhlafunweni zesihlabathi. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zohlobo oluphelele, kungaba ngama-giants kuphela ngesidumbu, ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuvelele.
Ukubuyekezwa
Isifunda saseMoscow, iLobnya, Poluektov N.P., isakhamuzi esikhulile
Uthathe umhlalaphansi. Ngamahektare akhe ayi-6, waphinda wakhe uhlaka ngaphansi konogwaja. Kuqale ngabesifazane abathathu. Umthengisi wathi bangama-giants grey. Ukhohlisiwe. Munye kuphela owaba umdondoshiya. Kepha inesisindo esingaphezu kwaleyo emibili ehlanganisiwe. Yilokho isiqhwaga!
Indawo Yesifunda, isigodi I-Sukhoi log, i-Prigogine LI, umfuyi wolimi onogwaja onolwazi
Sasigcina onogwaja impilo yethu yonke. Encane, mpunga, imhlophe encane. Kulonyaka, ekuqaleni kwekwindla, kwathengwa imidondoshiya emhlophe egcwele. Khula ezinkulu, bekungeke kwanele ukwandisa amaseli.Sizoshiya owesimame oyedwa esizweni. Okusetshenziselwe uNyaka oMusha sizokufaka izando. Inyama eyanele thina, asebekhulile nezingane ezinabazukulu.
Isifunda saseNovgorod, isigodi UZabolotye, Timokhina A.I., unkosikazi wasendlini
Lapho ifektri yama-grey giants besaba izinto ezimbili. Ngangesaba ukuthi bazogula futhi bangakwazi ukondla. Kwavela ukuthi impilo yabo yinhle, akukho kubi ukwedlula abanye, onogwaja abazishiyi inzalo, bayondla. Asisekho amagatsha we-chinchillas gnaw, amakhambi nemifino. Giants ujabule!
Umthethosisekelo
Isakhiwo esijwayelekile somzimba wesilwane siqinile futhi sinamandla. Isifuba sijulile futhi sibanzi, sinezingane ezibalelwa ku-37- cm cm. Ngesinye isikhathi isifuba sesincane sikhona. Umhlane uqondile futhi ubanzi. Imilenze mikhulu futhi iqinile. Ikhanda likhulu, linezindlebe ezinkulu eziqondile ngendlela yohlamvu V, uma ubheka unogwaja usuwubona ngokuphelele.
Ngeshwa, uboya balokhu kuzalaniswa awubongwa kakhulu. Iwugqinsi, kepha ayilingani. Ngenxa yalokhu, isakhi soboya bobuvundla singasetshenziswa kuphela emikhiqizweni engabizi. Yize izikhumba ngokwazo zikhulu impela - kufinyelela kumamitha-skwele ayinkulungwane. cm.
Isikhumba
Isikhumba sale mivundla sinamandla futhi sihlukaniswe njengezindawo ezinombala ohlukile. Kunemibala eminingana yalolu hlobo lokuzalela. Iziqhwaga ezimpunga zinombala ojwayelekile grey. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kuzalaniswa kupendwe ngamathoni ansundu, ompunga omnyama noma “insimbi”.
Grey giant nge-tint ka-brown
Isisu sesilwane kwesinye isikhathi sikhanya kunasemhlane waso. Ingaphakathi lama-paws libuye liboniswe ngombala omhlophe. Imibala emsulwa (emnyama, emhlophe, yegolide) iyivelakancane kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwerabi.
Izici, izici nezimfanelo zohlobo lokuzalela
Uma uqokomisa izici eziphambili zohlobo lokuzala, zizoba ngokulandelayo:
- Ubukhulu besilwane,
- umzimba oqinile
- ikhanda elikhulu,
- imilenze emide neqondile
- uyindilinga kancane, ngendlela yohlamvu lwesiNgisi V, izindlebe ezinde,
- ijazi elimanzi ngokwanele
- isikhumba esikhulu
- inyama emnandi.
Ukukhiqiza
Onogwaja balokhu kuzalaniswa bahlukaniswa ukuzala kwabo. Imvamisa kwilitha elilodwa kukhona onogwaja ababalelwa kwabangu-8, kodwa kwenzeka ukuthi inzalo izingcezu eziyi-14. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsikazi zeGrey Giant azidli amazinyane azo, okuandisa amathuba okukhulisa inzalo enkulu.
Onogwaja bezingane bavame ukuba nesisindo esingama-80 g lapho bezalwa, kodwa bakhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngokuya kokudla okunempilo, isisindo sabo singafinyelela ku-2-2.2 kg ezinyangeni ezi-3, kanye no-2,5-3 kg ezinyangeni ezi-4. Isivuno se-Slaughter kuleli cala sizoba cishe ama-55-56%.
IGrey Giant Bunny enezinyanga ezi-4
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwama-Grey Giants
Izinzuzo zohlobo lokufuya yilezi:
- inzalo kanye nemizwa yokukhula kowesifazane kubantu besifazane,
- hhayi ukuthambekela kokudla inzalo,
- ukuzivumelanisa okuhle nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokuboshwa,
- hhayi ukugxila ekudleni,
- ukungatheleleki kwezifo eziningi
- umoya opholile nonobungane
- ukubukeka okumnandi,
- amandla okugcina ekhaya.
Kepha amaphutha, yilezi:
- ubuhle
- ingozi yemivundla enama-paws agobile futhi acinene,
- isivuno esiphansi esinamandla uma siqhathaniswa neminye izinhlobo zenyama,
- hhayi uboya bekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu enombala ongalingani nobukhulu,
- ikhwalithi yenyama ephansi kuqhathaniswa neFlanders,
- yehlise ukunambitheka kwezimpawu zenyama ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-7 zokuphila kwesilwane.
Iziqhwaga ezimpunga zazalwe ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu esipholile, ngakho-ke zizizwa zingcono kulezi zimo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuzalaniswa kungazalelwa ezindaweni ezisenyakatho. Lezi onogwaja bazivumelanisa ngokushesha namazinga okushisa apholile futhi bayakwazi ukuzala buthule uma benikezwa izimo ezifanele.
Ukuhlanzeka
Kumarabi, ukuhlanzeka kwegumbi lapho zigcinwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Hlanza amaseli nsuku zonke noma zonke izinsuku ezingama-2-3, ngokuya ngenqubo. Vimbela isikhunta, ukungaboli kanye nephunga elingathandeki. Zonke lezi zimpawu zingavusa ukuphindaphindeka kwezibungu zezinambuzane ze-pathogenic kanye nokusakazwa kwamagciwane.
Ukugcina izilwane zihlanzekile, hlanza amagciwane endaweni yokubulala amagciwane okungenani amahlandla ama-2 ngonyaka (kuya ngesilinganiso senkinga).
Ngaphambi nje kokuzala, kufakwe onogwaja abasha kumaseli noma ngesikhathi sokutheleleka, ukubulala amagciwane kufanele.
Izindlela zokubulala amagciwane:
- shisa i-cage nge blowtorch - lena indlela elula
- phatha igumbi ngesisombululo se-10% se-bleach,
- umucu omhlophe obunjiwe.
Izindlela zokuzala
Lapho kuzalaniswa uhlobo olumsulwa lomvundla, insikazi kanye nowesilisa kufanele kukhethwe kucatshangwe ukuhambisana kwabo kwemigqa yemindeni - ukuwela umugqa. Ukuzalela okusebenzayo kakhulu ukuganiswa kwabazukulu kanye nabazukulu, abazukulu bomshana. Enye indlela yokuzalela onogwaja ukuwela u-interline (hybridization).
Abantu bemigqa ekhiqiza kakhulu bawela ukuthola izimfanelo ezithile zomnotho. Lezi zindlela zombili zokuxhumana ziyaxhuma kakhulu futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa abafuyi bezitshalo.
Onogwaja abakhulu bahlulwa ngokuvuthwa kokuqala, ukuzala okuphezulu nesikhathi esifushane sokukhulelwa. Ngezinyanga ezi-4 - 4,5, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka. Kepha uma sisho ukuthi iziphi izilwane okufanele zithandane nezilwane iminyaka emingaki, lapho kuba abesifazane kungakuhle ukwenze lokhu ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezi-5 ngemuva kokuthola isisindo okungenani esingu-3.5 kg. Abesilisa baqala ukwenzeka ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezingama-6-8.
Isifiso sobulili sonogwaja sithatha izinsuku ezingama-3-5. Ugijimela ekhejini, angadli, ahlangane phansi, izitho zangasese zakhe ziyavuvukala.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi isikhathi sokukhulelwa konogwaja sincike kwinani lomvundla kulitha. Uma kunamawundlu ambalwa, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine kuthatha isikhathi eside, lapho onogwaja bengamarabi ngaphezulu - ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka ngokushesha okukhulu.
Onogwaja bezinhlobo ezinkulu baba nezindawo ezimbi zomama. Bayakhohlwa ukwenza isidleke, kungenzeka bangondli onogwaja. Ngesikhathi sokuphola, ukunaka okwandisiwe okuvela kumfuyi kuyadingeka. Indoda kufanele ilawule umama, yakhe isidleke ngokwayo ibeke onogwaja kowesifazane ukuba bondle.
Unogwaja uyeka ukondla izingane ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-40-45. Ngemuva kwalokho ukukhula okuncane kudluliselwa kwikheji ngalinye. Owesifazane angaphinde aqhathaniswe. Izinsikazi ezikhulelwe zingondla amawundlu ngasikhathi sinye.
Ama-Giants Rabbits Wevidiyo
Izifo Ezivamile Kumarabi Omkhulu
Onogwaja abakhulu bahlushwa izifo ezifanayo nezinye izinhlobo zalo mndeni wezilwane. Isikhunta, ama-virus, ama-parasites, kanye nokudla okungafanele, ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa kungaba imbangela ejwayelekile yezifo zorabi.
Kubalulekile ukuvikela izifo zezilwane, ukuzibandakanya njalo ekuvinjelweni kwazo. Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo onogwaja, kubizwa udokotela wezilwane. Kukhona izifo okungahambisani nakho futhi okuthelelanayo.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwendlela onogwaja abakhulu
Onogwaja abakhulu abaphethe izinhlangothi zabo ezinhle nezingalungile. Lapho ufuya izilwane, kufanelekile ukuzicabangela.
Izinzuzo:
- usayizi omkhulu nobukhulu obukhulu,
- ukumelana okwandisiwe kwezinguquko zokushisa, izifo,
- Ukuthola inyama eningi ngemuva kokubulawa,
- Isimo sokuzithoba,
- Babukeka bebahle kakhulu.
Okubi:
- isidingo sendawo enkulu,
- izidingo ezengeziwe zokudla,
- Amaseli ahlukile we-okrol.
I-Video Breed White Giant
Ukukhetha nokukhetha
Lapho ukhetha onogwaja bokuzalela, kufanele uqonde ukuthi onogwaja abakhulu bathandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabazalisi. Kuyabiza. Ngenxa yokukhula okusheshayo kwezilwane ezinjalo ziya ngokushesha ziyokuhlaba, zinikeze isivuno esikhulu semikhiqizo yenyama. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo azivamile, ngakho-ke zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa. Lezi zinto zandisa kakhulu izindleko ezijwayelekile zomuntu oyedwa.
Lapho ukhetha isilwane esinenhloso yokuhlobisa, kungcono ukuxhumana ne-nursery ekhethekile, lapho ungabheka khona abazali besilwane bese uthola izincomo ezibanzi zokuzilungisa.
Uma udinga ukuthenga onogwaja abasha abancane ngokukhula, kungcono ukukwenza lokhu emapulazini onogwaja abakhethekile. E-nursery noma epulazini, isimo sezilwane sizobonakala ngokushesha. Uma unogwaja usesimweni esihle kakhulu, khona-ke uyodla kahle, agijime ngokuzungeza i-aviary. Ijazi lesilwane kufanele libe likhulu, lingabi namabala ezimpandla nezinsika, futhi amehlo kufanele acwengeke futhi acwebezeleke.
Wake wahlekisa wathi: "Onogwaja abugcini nje ngoboya obubalulekile, kodwa futhi no-3-4 kg wenyama yokudla." Ngaphandle kwehaba, wayeqinisile. Ikakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngemidondoshiya yemivundla. Lezi zidalwa ezinhle ezinamehlo ahlakaniphile nezindlebe ezinde zithola ukunakwa kwethu ngokwengeziwe, zingabi ngumthombo wezikhumba nenyama kuphela, kodwa futhi nezintandokazi zemindeni eminingi.
Umlando wokuvela
Umsebenzi wokwenziwa kwezinhlobo zohlobo lokuzala waqala ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-40 yekhulu lokugcina esifundeni sasePoltava e-Ukraine. Abafuyi bawela amafulethi amakhulu aseBelgian ngezinhlobo zasendaweni ezishiyelwe ngaphandle zonogwaja. Umphumela waba yizilwane ezihlukaniswa yisisindo somzimba wazo omkhulu, usayizi ohlaba umxhwele, ubumbano nokungahloniphi ezimweni zokuboshwa.
Ngokusemthethweni imidondoshiya eluhlaza njengefuya ebhaliswe ngo-1952. Umsebenzi owengeziwe ukuwenza ngcono wawenziwa ngabachwepheshe abavela kwiSikhungo Sokucwaninga Sokuzala Nokuzala Unogwaja abaqanjwe ngemuva V. A. Afanasyev, indawo yokuhlangana ye-All-Russian Exhibition Center i “All Hus Russianry Exhibition Center” (Animal Husbandry), ipulazi elizalisayo "Saltykovsky". Ngenxa yalokho, ngonyaka we-1993 i- “Grey Giant” yethulwa yiRegional State of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation njengoba kunconyelwe ukulinyelwa kuzo zonke izifunda. Manje sithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabafuyi bezonogwaja, ikakhulukazi e-Ukraine, Moldova naseningizimu yeRussia.
Ukucaciswa kwangaphandle nokukhiqiza
Abamele lokhu kuzalaniswa kwehlukaniswa ngumzimba omkhulu obude obungamamitha angama-60 nemilenze enamandla enezandla eziqinile. Ukuqina kwesifuba kungafinyelela ku-40 cm.Ikhanda likhulu, izindlebe zide (kuze kube ngu-21 cm) ngezeluleko ezisikiwe, ziqonde, ziphambukela ezinhlangothini. Isisindo sabantu abadala sisebangeni le-4-7 kg, kepha isisindo somzimba esingu-5-6 kg sithathwa njengelungele ukubulawa.
Uboya obukhulu, kepha, liphansi kakhulu ekuxineni nasezinhlotsheni zesikhumba. Ngokwamazinga amukelwe, izinketho eziningana zemibala zivunyelwe:
- i-grey hare - umzimba ompunga onothinti obomvu, inqwaba ekhanyayo esiswini kanye nengaphakathi lamawashi,
- ngwevu emnyama - inqwaba emnyama grey emzimbeni wonke ngesisu esikhanyayo nangaphakathi komsila,
- i-ferruginous grey - inqwaba engwevu ngezinwele ezimpunga.
Isisindo senyanga
Onogwaja bazalwa benesisindo somzimba esingadluli kuma-80 amagremu. Ngokudla okufanele, ngokushesha bathola isisindo, futhi uma ngemuva kokuzalwa isilinganiso sokukhula kuncike enanini lobisi lukamama, bese kuthi ngemuva kokulunyulwa komvundla, kuya ngohlobo lokudla okusetshenzisiwe. Ukuze uqhathanise, sethula imininingwane etafuleni:
Ubudala, inyanga | Isisindo lapho sondla i-semi-concentrate, kg | Isisindo lapho usebenzisa amaprotheni feed, kg |
2 | 1,5 | 1,6 |
3 | 2 | 2,5 |
4 | 2,6 | 3,5 |
5 | 3 | 4-4,5 |
6 | 3,5-4 | 5-6 |
Njengoba kungabonakala etafuleni, ukufakwa ekudleni kwama-sungs of feed nge-protein ephezulu okuqukethwe kuholela ekuzuzeni isisindo ngokushesha, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukwanda kwesivuno sokubulala.
Isimilo
Iziqhwaga ezimpunga zinomlingiswa onokuthula nokuzola, ngakho-ke zilungele indima yezilwane ezifuywayo. Onogwaja bahlukaniswa ngokulalela futhi basheshe banamathele kumniniyo. Kuliqiniso, ngesikhathi sokuzingela, indlela yokuziphatha kwezilwane iyashintsha: abesilisa bavame ukuqala ukumaka lo mkhakha, bese izinsikazi ziba novalo futhi zingakwazi ukuzimela. Uma umuntu enquma ukugcina unogwaja omkhulu ekhaya, khona-ke ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe mayelana nokulwa inzalo okufika ngesikhathi kwesilwane.
Onogwaja balolu hlobo lokuzalwa abazikhetheli futhi bazizwa bekhulu ezimweni ezihlukile zokuphila. Ukunakekela lezi zilwane akudingi ulwazi oluthile lomuntu, kwanele ukukhumbula amaphuzu ambalwa:
Ubukhulu nokuhlelwa kweseli
Amakheji abameleli bohlobo lwe- "Grey Giant" kumele ahlangabezane nezidingo ezilandelayo:
- Izinto ezibonakalayo - ochwepheshe batusa ukwakha amakheji ngokhuni, kungcono ukugcoba phansi ngensimbi (ukuvikela amagundane namagundane).
- Ubukhulu - ubukhulu obufanele bendawo yokuhlala kowesilisa - 80 × 100 × 65 cm, kunogwaja onezingane - 100 × 150 × 65 cm.
- Ukuhlelwa - okuphakelayo nesitsha sokuphuza kuyadingeka ekhejini. Ukuphuza amanzi kulowo ophuzayo kufanele kuhlale kuhlanzekile futhi kusha - kufanele kushintshwe kanye ngosuku. Kungcono ukwenza isembozo saphansi siqhubeke njalo (i-mesh surface ingadala ukulimala ezilwaneni), isimboze nge-hay noma sawdust.
- Indawo - kungcono ukuqeda onogwaja ohlangothini oluseningizimu, noma kunjalo, akufanele zivezwe ukukhanya kwelanga. Udinga futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi izilwane ziyasaba ukubhajwa.
- Utshwala bukamama yibhokisi elingeziwe eline-lid (lokuhlola izilwane ezincane), elixhunywe ekhejini eliyinhloko laborabi abanezingane, kufanele libe nobukhulu obulandelayo - 35 × 60 × 40 cm.
- Ukubekwa kwezilwane - onogwaja bahlala ngokwahlukana. Onogwaja bahlala nabesifazane kuze kube izinyanga eziyi-1.5-2.
Iziqhwaga ezimpunga zinokuzivikela okuhle kakhulu, kepha umlimi usadinga ukunakekela ukuhlanzeka emakhejini nezilwane. Susa amaconsi nokungcola njalo ezinsukwini ezi-1-2. Ukushintshwa kwenkunkuma ephelele kwenziwa kangcono kabili ngesonto. Kanye ngenyanga, kunengqondo ukwenza i-capital disinitness emakhaya onogwaja. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa isisombululo se-10% se-bleach.
Ehlobo, izilwane zingavunyelwa ukuhamba edlelweni.
Ividiyo elandelayo isho ukuthi ungahlomisa kanjani ikhaya onogwaja abakhulu:
Ukondla
Ukudla kwezilwane zalolu hlobo lokuzalela kufanele kube nezinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuphakelwa:
- utshani obusha nobuncane obukhulu (ehlobo): ama-dandelion, i-alfalfa, i-plantain, ihlwanyele ikhakhayi, i-clover, i-sorrel,
- imifino yezinkathi ezithile
- ukudla okwomile (ukuxuba, okusanhlamvu okuchotshoziwe),
- ikhekhe nemifino,
- chalk, amaminerali kanye amavithamini supplements.
Izici Zokudla ebusika lapho kungekho amakhambi amasha:
- Ukudla okunoshukela (cishe u-50% wokudla): isalage, amazambane abilayo, amazambane abilisiwe, iklabishi, ifolishi noma isitshulube sikashukela, izaqathi,
- okuphakelayo okuhlanganisiwe (cishe i-30% yokudla): ikhekhe, isidlo, okusanhlamvu, i-bran nokudla kwezilwane,
- ama-roughage (cishe ama-20% ekudleni): hay, amahlumela kanye namagxolo esihlahla.
Kwenqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukondla onogwaja ngokudla okubolile, okubunji nokungcolile. Kwenqatshelwe ukubanikeza amagatsha we-elderberry, i-bird cherry, i-apricot, ama-cherries kanye nama-cherries, izitshalo ze-herbaceous eziqukethe ubuthi kanye namafutha abalulekile (i-dope, i-lemon balm, i-celandine, i-aconite, i-euphorbia). Akunconywa ukuthi kwethulwe utshani obumanzi nobusanda kuhlanganiswa nokudla kwama-grey giants, futhi ubanikeze imifino ethosiwe futhi ethosiwe, u-anyanisi, isitshalo seqanda, amazambane asencane, iklabishi elibomvu, utamatisi, izithelo namajikijolo (ngaphandle kwamapheya omisiwe kanye nama-apula).
Ividiyo
Imininingwane eyengeziwe ngezici zokuzalela nokugcina onogwaja abangama-Grey Giant itholakala kumavidiyo alandelayo adutshulwe abafuyi abanolwazi:
Indoda enothando nobaba okhathalelayo. Umuntu oguquguqukayo onesifiso sokuthola konke ngokweqiniso. Izihloko ezingadini zihlukile. Ngijabule njalo ukuthola into entsha bese ngiyabelana nabanye abantu. Kungumbono wokuthi imvelo iyikhaya lesibili kuwo wonke umuntu, ngakho-ke kufanele iphathwe ngenhlonipho.
Uthole iphutha? Khetha umbhalo ngegundwane bese ucindezela:
Kuyadingeka ukuqoqa izimbali zokwelapha kanye nama-inflorescence ekuqaleni kwenkathi yezimbali, lapho okuqukethwe kwezakhi kuzo kuphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Izimbali kufanele zidwengulwe izandla, zephule ama-pedicel aluhlaza. Izimbali ezomile neziqoqiwe, kufafazwa ngesendlalelo esincanyana, egumbini elipholile lokushisa lemvelo ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile.
Kusuka kumatamatisi we-varietal ungathola imbewu "yakho" yokutshala ngonyaka olandelayo (uma izinhlobonhlobo zithanda ngempela). Kepha akusizi ngalutho ukwenza lokhu ngenhlanganisela ehlanyelwe: imbewu izotholwa, kepha izothwala impahla eyifa lesitshalo abayithathile, kodwa “yokhokho” bayo abaningi.
Umlimi wase-Oklahoma, uCarl Burns, wafuya izinhlamvu zommbila ezinemibala ehlukahlukene, ezazibizwa ngeRainbow Corn ("uthingo"). Okusanhlamvu endlebeni ngayinye kunemibala ehlukene nemithunzi: nsundu, pink, nsomi, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, luhlaza, njll.Lo mphumela utholwe ngeminyaka eminingi yokukhethwa kwezinhlobo ezijwayelekile ezinemibala kakhulu nokuwela kwazo.
Enye yezindlela ezilula kakhulu zokulungisa isivuno esikhulile semifino, izithelo namajikijolo yiqhwa. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi iqhwa liholela ekulahlekelweni kwezakhiwo ezinomsoco futhi ezinenzuzo zokudla kwezitshalo. Njengomphumela wezifundo, ososayensi bathola ukuthi cishe akukho ukwehla kwenani lokudla okubandayo phakathi nokuqandisa.
EDenmark encane, noma yisiphi isiqephu somhlaba sijabulisa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bendawo bazivumelanisa nokukhulisa imifino emisha ngamabhakede, izikhwama ezinkulu, amabhokisi egwebu agcwele ngengxube ekhethekile yobumba. Izindlela ezinjalo ze-agrotechnical zikuvumela ukuthi uthole isivuno ngisho nasekhaya.
Utamatisi awunakho ukuvikela okungokwemvelo kokulimaza sekwephuzile. Uma ukuhlaselwa okulimaza sekwephuzile, noma yiliphi utamatisi liyafa (namazambane nawo), akunandaba ukuthi okushiwo encazelweni yezinhlobonhlobo ("izinhlobo ezingamelana nokulimaza sekwephuzile" kumane nje kuyindlela yokuthengisa).
Izicelo ezisetshenzisiwe ze-Android zenzelwe ukusiza abalimi nabalimi. Okokuqala, lokhu kuhlwayela (kwenyanga, imbali, njll) amakhalenda, omagazini abazihloko, kanye namaqoqo wezeluleko eziwusizo. Ngosizo lwabo, ungakhetha usuku oluhle lokutshala uhlobo ngalunye lwesitshalo, unqume isikhathi sokuvuthwa nokuvunwa kwabo ngesikhathi.
Izinhlobo ezingama-“anti-Frost” ezingafani nama-sitrobheli wasengadini (imvamisa nje “ama-sitrobheli”) nazo zidinga indawo yokukhosela njengezinhlobo ezijwayelekile (ikakhulukazi kulezo zifunda lapho ebusika noma iqhwa lihlangana khona namathanga). Wonke ama-sitrobheli anezimpande ezingekho emthethweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphandle kwendawo yokukhosela bayabanda. Ukuqinisekiswa kwabathengisi ukuthi ama-sitrobheli asendle "awamelana neqhwa", "ubusika obuqinile", "kubekezelela iqhwa kuze kufike ku-−35 ℃", njll., Kuyinkohliso. Abalimi kumele bakhumbule ukuthi akekho oye wakwazi ukushintsha uhlelo lwezimpande lwama-sitrobheli.
Umquba - izinsalela ze-organic zemvelo zemvelaphi ehlukahlukene. Ungayenza kanjani? Konke kuhlanganiswe ngenqwaba, emgodini noma ebhokisini elikhulu: izinsalela zasekhishini, iziqalo zezilimo zasensimini, ukhula olunqunywe kwezimbali, amagatsha amancanyana. Konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe ne-phosphate rock, kwesinye isikhathi utshani, umhlaba noma i-peat. (Ezinye izakhamizi zasehlobo zengeza ama-accelerator akhethekile wokuqamba.) Mboza ngefilimu. In the process of overheating, a group of frequent or tiredous or piercired of the flow of a fresh air. Ngokuvamile umquba "uvuthwa" iminyaka emi-2, kepha ngezithasiselo zesimanje zingahle zilungele inkathi eyodwa ehlobo.
Imidondoshiya emhlophe
Lokhu kuzalaniswa kweBelgian kwatholakala ngenxa yesiphambano phakathi kweFlanders neGrey Giants kanye nonogwaja be-chinchilla.
Kulesi simo, kukhethwe abantu abangama-albino kuphela kwabakhulu baseBelgium.
Umphumela waba yizinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ezinenyama emangalisayo nezimfanelo eziphansi kanye namanani wokukhiqiza aphezulu. Isisindo esijwayelekile sabantu ngama-5-6 kg.
Njengama-Gray, ama-giants amhlophe awakulungele ukulondolozwa kwasekhaya ngenxa yokuba nolaka kakhulu.
Ama-Giants Spotted
Uvemvane omkhulu unombala ongajwayelekile kakhulu - amamaki amnyama acwebezelayo ngemuva kweqhwa - kuphela inani lesikhumba elenza lihehe.
Kuzo zonke ezinye izindlela, izinhlobonhlobo zinamaphutha amaningi - ukuvuthwa sekwephuzile kwabantu, ukukhiqizwa okuphansi, inyama engenambathi kanye nemisele ebeka kakhulu futhi eshesha. Akunakwenzeka ukubagcina njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Gior angora
Lokhu empeleni yinqama yesiNgisi, uhlobo lwenhlobo yezinhlobo ezinkulu. Isisindo esijwayelekile sonogwaja abadala cishe singama-5 kg. Ukwehlukaniswa ngezindlebe ezinde ezilengayo.
Zisetshenziselwa njengohlobo lwenyama nenyama, edume ngoboya bayo obumangalisayo, kepha imvelo yazo enhle nenokuthula ihumushe lezi zilwane zaba isigaba sokuhlobisa.
I-Vienna eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Le nhlobo yohlobo lomvundla yafuzwa eduze kwaseVienna, endaweni yangasese, ngonyaka we-1895 ukuze kutholakale abantu abahamba isikhathi eside nenyama enambithekile noboya obuhle.
Umfuyi uJohann Schulz weqa iFlanders onogwaja abuluhlaza baseMoravian.
Isisindo esivamile salaba bantu ngamakhilogremu ayi-4,5, kepha ezinye izinkomba zifinyelela ku-7.5 kg.
Uboya bekhwalithi buhlukaniswa i-tint engajwayelekile ye-bluish-bluish futhi ine-undercoat emnyama. Ngemuva kwezikhumba zezikhumba zaseRussia, iViennese yathatha indawo yesibili eRussia.
Isimo salezi zilwane endaweni ethule siyashintshashintsha, kepha uma kunomsindo omncane noma ngephunga elixakile liba nengcindezi futhi iba nolaka, ngakho-ke alugcinwa ekhaya.
Inqama yaseFrance
Le nhlobonhlobo yemivundla ye-lop-eared enoboya obuhle be-plush iyaphawuleka ngesimilo sayo esiyisimanga, ngakho-ke, imvamisa ithola ukusetshenziswa njengohlobo lokuhlobisa.
Yize isisindo somuntu ngamunye sifinyelela ku-7 kg, noboya obunyene obukhulu bubuye bahlukaniswe ngemibala ebalulekile - ngaphezu kwe-grey ejwayelekile, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emnyama, ebonakalayo kutholakala.
Zonke iziqhwaga, ingxenye enkulu, azikhathaleli ekunakekelweni kwazo futhi zibonakaliswa umlingiswa olinganiselayo, ngaphandle kwama-Grey and White giants.
Kepha ukuze ubanakekele kahle, kufanele ulandele eminye imithetho:
- Awudingi ukuzalanisa imidondoshiya emigodini. Esikhathini esiningi, ngenxa yesisindo esikhulu, amathambo abahlupheka, ngakho lezi zilwane zimba imigodi kabi. Ukuhlala isikhathi eside endaweni eqinile kudala izifo zezihlakala nomgogodla.
- Amakheji ebusika nehlobo, ama-aviaries, onogwaja balezi zikhulu kumele enziwe akhulu kakhulu ukuhlinzeka indawo yokuhamba konogwaja.
- Kumvundla omkhulu wezalukazi okhulelwe, ikheji lenziwa ngokwemidwebo ekhethekile ngotshwala obukhulu bukamama, obuphindwe izikhathi eziyi-1.5 kunokuzalelwa okujwayelekile.
- Cishe zonke iziqhwaga azilubekezeleli phansi loluju lwezinyosi, kubalulekile ukubeka phezu kwalo umucu onjoloba noma i-sennik eminyene evela ku-sawdust enkulu ne-hay, kodwa kufanele iguqulwe nsuku zonke, ngoba azikwazi ukubekezelela iphunga le-ammonia.
- Lezi zilwane cishe azikaze zigcinwe yiqembu, umuntu ngamunye udinga isikhala esisodwa.
- Esikhathini esifudumele, kungcono ukwakha i-aviary enkulu noma i-paddock, umgwaqo wasebusika kufanele wenziwe ngokushisa.
- Ukushisa okuphansi kakhulu noma okuphezulu, imidondoshiya cishe ibekezelela kabi.
- Ekulondolozweni kwendlu, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka indawo efulethini noma endlini yekheji elikhulu, lapho umuntu omkhulu ongakwazi ukuma emilenzeni yakhe yangemuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ibe namakamelo amabili - igumbi lokulala nendawo yokuhamba. Kungcono kakhulu ukuhlomisela kuvulandi onogwaja omkhulu, inqobo nje uma kufudunyezwa ebusika, futhi kupholile ehlobo noma kubomvu.
UMnu Tail uyancoma: ukondla
Eziphondweni ezinkulu zonogwaja, ukudla okulinganiselwe kahle kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba cishe zonke izinhlobo zawo zithambekele ekudla ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha inhlanzeko yabondli nabaphuza utshwala. Zenziwe kahle kakhulu ezikude, ezifakwa noma ezisebenzisa iziqukathi ezisindayo.
Uma lezi zilwane ezinkulu ziziguqula, khona-ke onogwaja bayohlala bemanzi futhi bengcolile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu bezimpawu ezivame ukuholela ekuntulekeni kwamaminerali, kubalulekile ukufaka izithasiselo zevithamini ukondla, gcina ikhiyashi kanye nama-grindstones akhethekile esitokisini.
Ama-Giants adla okuningi kakhulu kunakwezinye izinhlobo zonogwaja. Ukudla kwabo kungafaka:
- Inyama entsha kanye namakhambi ensimu - ama-dandelions, i-plantain, i-alfalfa, i-burdock, i-clover. Kufanele omiswe kancane futhi omiswe.
- Hhay.
- Ukuphakelwa kwamagatsha.
- Izilimo zezithelo nemifino - ithanga, i-zucchini, ukhukhamba, izaqathe, amakhasi amakhabe namakhabe, kwesinye isikhathi amazambane nezimbali.
- Amabele - i-rye, i-oats, ukolweni, ibhali, ummbila.
- Ukudla okwenziwe ngezimboni okulungele ukwenziwa.
- Njengezengezo, i-oyela, inyama nethambo, inhlanzi, i-bran.
Igalari elincane lesithombe sonogwaja abakhulu:
Izici Zokuzalela
Isikhathi sokuthomba sonogwaja nonogwaja zingahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lokuzalelwa kwemidondoshiya, kodwa iningi lesifazane lizala kalula futhi ngokwazo, futhi ukuzala kwazo kuphezulu.
Isisindo esijwayelekile somntwana osanda kuzalwa cishe singama-100 g, kepha izingane zithola isisindo ngokushesha okukhulu, kwezinye izinhlobo zezinyama ezifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-3-4.
Isici okuwukuphela kwaso sokuzalela onogwaja abakhulu yisidingo sokwakha ikheji elikhethekile ngotshwala bomama abakhulelwe bese unakekela unogwaja.
Izifo Nokuvimbela
Ama-Giants, njengabo bonke onogwaja, angaphansi kwezifo eziningi eziyingozi ezitholakala kuzo ezingavikelwa ekugomeni okufika ngesikhathi (amarabi, i-myxomatosis, igciwane lesifo se-hemorrhagic).
Noma kunjalo, kunezifo eziningi ezihambisana nekhwalithi yokunakekelwa nokudla okufanele, okungasusa yonke imfuyo. Le yi-pesterellosis, i-fascioliasis, i-listeriosis, i-tularemia, i-rhinitis ethelelekayo.
Ukuqhakaza, i-coccidosis, i-cysticercosis akuyona ingozi kangako. Imvamisa izifo zihlotshaniswa namagciwane.
Ukukhetha nezindleko
Izindleko zamarabi amakhulu zihluka ngezinhlobo. Kepha yonke le mikhuba iyivelakancane futhi hhayi eshibhile.
Kodwa-ke, ukuthenga isilwane esinjalo endlini, ungabheki inani eliphansi kakhulu. Kungcono ukuya e-nursery enhle, ubheke abazali bezilwane zasekhaya noma izithandani ezizayo, uthenge abantu abane-pedigree nezincomo zokugcina nokuzalanisa.
Uma ukukhula kwezingane kukhethiwe, kungcono ukuya epulazini elinogwaja bese ukhetha onogwaja abakhulu lapho.
Abantu abagulayo bangabonakala ngaso leso sikhathi - banamehlo aqhamukayo noma anamanzi, ukubukeka okubulalayo, isimilo esingafanele, izinwele ezingcolile kanye nesisulu.
Unogwaja ophilile uyachichima futhi uyachichima, udla ngokudla, ijazi lakhe linamakha futhi alinabala amabala, futhi amehlo alo acacile futhi acwebezela.