Ngemuva kokuthola idamu lokugcina elenzelwe indlu, ukugcina izinhlanzi kungcono kuqala ngokukunikeza kungadluli kanye ngosuku. Vele-ke, kuzokwazi ukumondla kaningi, kepha kancane kancane. Ngemuva kwakho konke, i-aquarium, okokuqala, yindawo evaliwe. Uma kunokudla okuningi, akudliwanga yizinhlanzi, bese kungena emhlabathini bese kuqala ukubola. Ukusuka ngokweqile, izinhlanzi ziqala ukulimala, bese ziyafa. Ungathola kanjani ukuthi inhlanzi ibanjiswa ngokweqile noma cha? Kulula. Ukudla, ngemuva kokungena kwi-aquarium kufanele kudliwe ngaso leso sikhathi, futhi kungacwila phansi. Kuliqiniso, kunezinhlanzi ezinjenge-catfish. Yibo abadla ukudla okushaya phansi. Futhi, izinhlanzi zidinga ukuhlela izinsuku zokuzila, kodwa kube kanye kuphela ngesonto.
Ukubusa kwesibili - Ukunakekelwa kwe-Aquarium
Isayensi ye-Aquarium iyindaba ebucayi kakhulu. Uma uthenga ama-aquariums wabaqalayo, kungcono ukugxila kumishini yabo bese ucabanga ngokuqala. Ngemuva kwakho konke, konke kudinga ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa, futhi i-aquarium ayihlukile kulo mthetho. E-aquarium entsha, amanzi akufanele aguqulwe ngokushesha, kodwa kuphela emva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa. Futhi imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekela ichibi lokufakelwa ukushintshwa kwamanzi, kodwa okuyingxenye. Udinga futhi ukubheka i-algae. Ungakhohlwa ukushintsha isihlungi, hlanza inhlabathi. Khumbula ukubheka futhi i-thermometer. Futhi khumbula, udinga ukuphazamisa izakhamizi zasemanzini kancane ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinhlanzi azikuthandi lokhu.
Umthetho wesithathu yizimo zezinhlanzi: kufanele ube yini?
Ukuze abahlali bendlu yabo yangakusasa bahlale behlelekile, kuyadingeka ukuthi babanakekele kahle. Okokuqala, badinga ukudala izimo eziphelele zezindawo abahlala kuzo. Futhi ngalokhu, ngaphambi kokuthenga izinhlanzi esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo, funda ngokucophelela imininingwane ngohlobo oluthile lwenhlanzi. Ngempela, umuntu ophakathi nje angahle angayilungele leyo imvelo, noma ukuhlobisa umkhumbi okuhlomele kuwo.
Isimo sesine yimishini efanele
Khumbula umthetho oyinhloko. Okokuqala okudingayo:
- I-Aquarium nemishini encane yayo.
- I-Priming.
- Izitshalo.
Futhi kuphela ngemuva kokuthola konke okungenhla, ungacabanga ngokukhetha izinhlanzi. Ichibi lokufakelwa kufanele likhethwe hhayi elincane kakhulu. Yini edingekayo kumishini? Ngakho-ke zihlobana nakho:
- hlunga,
- i-thermometer,
- i-heater ene-thermostat,
- ukukhanyisa.
Futhi lapho konke lokhu kutholakala, ungaqala ukufaka umkhumbi emagcekeni akho. Lokhu kwenziwa kangcono endaweni eyisicaba, ngemuva kokubeka uthayela lwezivakashi ngaphansi kwephansi le-aquarium. Udinga futhi ukugeza inhlabathi nesihlabathi, uthele ku-aquarium bese uyigcwalisa ngamanzi abandayo aphuma empompini. Faka isihlungi nehekitha (kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ebusika). Ngoba inhlanzi ingafa ngenxa yokubanda.
Ngokulandelayo, sishisa amanzi abe ngama-degrees angama-20 bese siqala ukutshala izitshalo. Ukutshala i-aquarium yasekhaya udinga izitshalo bukhoma. Zidingeka nje. Noma kunezinhlanzi e-aquarium ezithanda ukudla izitshalo, kungcono ukuthi uzondle okuningi. Amanzi ayoba namafu ekuqaleni. Futhi yilapho kufanele ungagijimeli kakhulu. Kuhle ukulinda cishe izinsuku eziyi-7. Futhi emva kokuba amanzi esevele obala, ungakwazi ukwethula inhlanzi.
Kubalulekile! Lapho uthenga izinhlanzi, ungakhohlwa ukucacisa ukuthi ziyahlangana yini.
I. Thola imishini efanele.
Empeleni i-aquarium uqobo. Ngomuntu oqala ukubamba izinkanyezi, kungaba ngcono ukuthenga i-aquarium enxande. Lapho kukhula i-aquarium, kulula kakhulu ukuthola ukulingana kwezinto eziphilayo. Umthamo wamalitha angama-70-100 ulungele kangcono njenge-aquarium yokuqala yabaqalayo: ukulingana sekuvele kulula ukusungula, futhi ukuyihlanza kusenzima.
Isihlungi, i-heater enomlawuli wokushisa, i-compressor, konke lokhu kutholakala ngokuya ngevolumu ye-aquarium.
Kungcono ukuthenga inhlabathi emnyama (ngale umbala izinhlanzi zizizwa zizolile), kanye nengxenye ka-3-7 mm, ngaphandle kwamakhona abukhali, kungakuhle ukuthi uyihlole uviniga ukwandisa ubunzima bamanzi (faka inani elincane lomhlabathi kuviniga uma okungenani amabhamuza wegesi aqala ukuvela , khona-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lomhlabathi uzokhulisa ubulukhuni bamanzi).
I-Siphon yokuhlanza inhlabathi, isikhafu noma isiponji esinzima sokuhlanza ingilazi ye-aquarium, i-thermometer, amanetha izinhlanzi.
Isendlalelo se-aquarium, njengomhlobiso. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda esimnyama, izinhlanzi zibukeka zingokwemvelo kunokuphikisana nesizinda sangemuva sangemuva.
Uvivinyo lwamapharamitha wamanzi. Kukhona izivivinyo eziningi ezithengiswayo manje. Bangamaphepha futhi badonsa. Amaphepha akhombisa umphumela wokuhlolwa ngokushesha, kepha-ke ngokulingeneyo, uma kunokungabaza ngokunemba kokuhlolwa kwephepha, kufanele ulihlole ngokudonsa.
Imithi yezinhlanzi ze-aquarium.
Nakekela ukukhanyisa okuhle kwe-aquarium. Lapho kukhanyiswa ngamalambu we-fluorescent, amandla aphelele wamalambu kufanele alingane nengxenye yevolumu ye-aquarium. Ukukhanyisa i-aquarium kufanele kuvulwe amahora angama-8-10 ngosuku.
Kungcono kakhulu ukuba ne-aquarium ehlukanisiwe yodwa!
I-Quarantine - i-aquarium ngaphandle kwenhlabathi kanye nezitshalo zevolumu eyanele yokufaka izinhlanzi esizibeka endaweni eyi-quarantine, enesihlungi esingafani nenye.
II. Khetha indawo ye-aquarium.
Musa ukufaka i-aquarim ewindini. Ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo ku-aquarium kuvame ukuholela emanzini aqhakaza.
Lapho ukhetha indawo, khumbula ukuthi ukuhamba njalo kwabantu e-aquarium kuyesabisa izinhlanzi, okubaholela ekuxinekeni - umthombo wesifo.
I-aquarium kufanele ifakwe esitobhini esingakuqinisekisa ukuqina kwayo isikhathi eside. Uma i-aquarium esitobhini iyamangaza, kungekudala izovuleka.
Udoti othambile, noma, ongenamanzi kufanele ubekwe ngaphansi kwe-aquarium, ngaphandle kwawo okusanhlamvu kwesihlabathi okuwela ngaphansi phansi kungaba iphuzu lokuxineka ngemishini futhi kuzoba nethuba lokuthi ngemuva kokugcwalisa ngamanzi phansi kwe-aquarium kuzophuka.
Eduze kwe-aquarium kufanele kube nokuphuma kukagesi kwemishini yokuxhuma.
Imiyalo Eyishumi Ye-Aquarist Yokuqala
IV. Ungeqi i-aquarium ngokweqile.
Ukugcwala ngokweqile e-aquarium kungenye yemithombo eyinhloko yenkinga!
E-aquarium enesistimu yokuhlunga nezitshalo eziphilayo kwezinhlanzi ezincane (amakhadinali, ama-neon, ama-zebrafish, i-parsing ...) udinga ama-1.5 amalitha enhlanzi ngayinye, kwezinhlanzi eziphakathi (amarobha, ama-guppies, ama-pecilia, amaswidi, ama-catfish amancane, ama-labyrinths ...) - Amalitha ama-5, izinhlanzi ezinkulu (ama-cichlidi amancane namaphakathi, ama-catfish aphakathi nendawo, ama-cyprinid amakhulu ...) - amalitha ayi-15 ngenhlanzi ngayinye.
Lezi zibalo zilinganiselwa kakhulu, kungakuhle ukuthola ivolumu efanele inhlanzi ngayinye e-aquarium. Isamba semiyalo enjalo efanele inhlanzi ngayinye akumele yedlule umthamo wamanzi e-aquarium.
V. Gijimisa i-aquarium kahle.
Hlambulula i-aquarium ngaphandle kwama-detergents, ubeke futhi ulinganise endaweni yokuma.
Bilisa inhlabathi amahora amabili kuya kwayi-3, bese uyihlanza kahle emanzini ampompo.
Amatshe amakhulu namatshe aqoqwe ngumfula, ichibi, njll., Kufanele agcinwe isigamu sehora kusixazululo se "mhlophe" (1 okuyingxenye "yobumsulwa", izingxenye ezingama 30 30 zamanzi) futhi aqhutshwe kahle ngamanzi ampompo. Zihlole ngeviniga ukuze uthole amanzi ngobunzima.
Ubilise i-driftwood amahora angama-8-10 kwisisombululo sikasawoti esihlanganisiwe (1 kg kasawoti cishe amalitha angama-30 amanzi), cwilisa izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu emanzini amaningi, hlola i-driftwood yokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwe-nitrite (i-driftwood ekhipha ama-nitrites emanzini akufanele ifakwe ku-aquarium )
Gcwalisa umhlabathi ogeziwe ufike kuma-cm cm angama-cm ngaphansi kwe-aquarium bese ubeka amatshe, ama-grottoes, i-driftwood.
Faka imishini ku-aquarium: isihlungi, i-compressor, isilawuli sokushisa.
Thela amanzi ompompi ku-aquarium (lapho uqala i-aquarium, kuyalulekwa ukusebenzisa i-biostarter, ngokwesibonelo, iSera nitrivec).
Vula bese ulungisa imishini ye-aquarium.
Vala isembozo, ungakhanyisi ukukhanya ku-aquarium.
Shintsha i-aquarium ngendwangu bese uyishiya yodwa izinsuku eziyi-10, vele ubuke imishini ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, amanzi e-aquarium azocaca.
Manje usungakhanyisa isibani amahora angama-8-10 ngosuku (uma kunokwenzeka, bese ukhanyisa ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yokukhanya).
Bheka izinkomba zamanzi ukuthi unazo yini izivivinyo, uma zihlangabezana nemingcele, tshala inani elincane lezinhlanzi nezitshalo ezingaqondakali ku-aquarium.
Ungakhohlwa ukuhlukanisa izinhlanzi nezitshalo ngaphambi kwalokhu.
Musa ukondla inhlanzi izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, ubuke isimo sabo.
Ngemuva kwesonto, hlanza kuqala e-aquarium, buyisela amaphesenti ayi-10 amanzi bese utshala izinhlanzi nezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu.
Ngale ndlela, vela i-aquarium yakho kuze kube yilapho izinhlanzi nezitshalo zihlomele ngokuphelele amanye amasonto angama-1-3, kuya ngevolumu ye-aquarium (kukhula ivolumu, isikhathi eside kunaleso sikhathi).
Uma amanzi eba namafu ekuqaleni, ungayondli inhlanzi futhi ungashintshi amanzi kuze kuphele ukunyamalala.
Umthetho wesithupha ukuqoqa imininingwane eminingi ngezinhlanzi
Ngabe ufuna ukugwema izinkinga ezingase ziphakame ngemuva kokwethulwa kwezinhlanzi e-aquarium? Ungabi namahloni, buza umthengisi esitolo sezilwane mayelana nezinhlanzi nangokuqukethwe kwazo, funda imininingwane ehlukahlukene bese konke kuzolunga. Ngemuva kwakho konke, zonke izinhlanzi azifani. Ezinye zincanyana, ezinye zinkulu. Abanye bazolile, abanye banolaka. Futhi kukhona, ngokwesibonelo, ezinye ezizingelayo. Khumbula ukuthi kusuka kokukhetha kwakho okulungile ukuthi ukunethezeka kwenhlanzi kanye nokulingana kwangaphakathi ohlelweni lomkhumbi kuncike.
Kubalulekile! Ama-aquarists okuqala - musa ukuzalanisa izinhlanzi eziningi ngasikhathi sinye!
Umthetho wesikhombisa - qala inhlanzi entsha kancane!
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ukwethulwa kwezinhlanzi kufanele kwenziwe kuphela lapho ichibi lokufakelwa selizinzile ekhaya. Khumbula ukuthi uma ungalandeli yonke imithetho, amanzi asemanzini asheshe abe amafu nenhlanzi izokufa.
Ngokuvamile, kuba nezimo lapho, ngemuva kokuthola inhlanzi, abaqalayo abaningi abazi ukuthi yini okufanele bayenze ngokulandelayo .. Kwabahlwaya olwandle abanolwazi, lokhu akuyona inkinga selokhu baqala izinhlanzi emshinini. Kepha abaqalayo bangaba nezinkinga. Okokuqala udinga ukubeka isikhwama senhlanzi nje e-aquarium. Athuke lapho. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi zijwayela imvelo entsha. Yebo, nezinhlanzi ezivele ziku-aquarium ngale ndlela zimazi. Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuqala ukwehlisa isikhwama ngezansi, ukuze amanzi avela ku-aquarium angene esikhwameni. Ihlale isikhashana, bese yethula inhlanzi ingena emanzini kusukela esikhwameni.
Kubalulekile! Lapho izinhlanzi zibiza kakhulu, kuba nzima kakhulu ngayo!
Umthetho wesishiyagalombili yikhwalithi yamanzi
Noma yini inhlanzi etholwayo, noma iyiphi yazo ithinta kakhulu ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ngamanzi. Futhi ukugcwaliswa kwe-aquarium kufanele kuqale ngokubheka ukwakheka kwamanzi. Wonke amapharamitha wokuhlanganiswa kwamanzi angahlolwa kusetshenziswa izivivinyo ezikhethekile zamanzi e-aquarium. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthenga isivivinyo esinjalo.
Bese udonsa inani elilinganayo lamanzi ku-tube yokugeza ehlanzekile, yomiswe kahle, ingilazi nengilazi. Faka isikhombisi se-reagent emanzini, unikine ishubhu lokuhlola ngamanzi. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-5, qhathanisa umphumela ekhadini lesithenjwa. Ngokwemiphumela udinga ukuthatha isinyathelo. Uma amanzi eqala ukuba nzima, khona-ke kudingeka athambiswe.
Umthetho wesishiyagalolunye ungumthengisi omuhle
Manje, ngesikhathi sobuchwepheshe bekhompiyutha, ungathola noma iyiphi impendulo ekhaya ngokuhamba nge-inthanethi ngalokhu. Kepha ukukhulumisana bukhoma kungcono kakhulu. Futhi uma unenhlanhla futhi ikusasa lizokuletha ndawonye ne-aquarist ethandekayo, khona-ke impumelelo yesiqalo icishe iqinisekiswe ekufuyeni izinhlanzi ekhaya. Kungakuhle nokuba nobungane nomthengisi esitolo sezilwane, ngaleyo ndlela ungatholi nje kuphela umeluleki onolwazi, kodwa futhi ngokuzayo, isaphulelo esihle kanye nelungelo lokukhetha isibonelo sokuqala osithandayo.
Umthetho weshumi - i-aquarium iyinto engiyithandayo!
Into ebaluleke kakhulu kuma-aquariums ukuzibandakanya kwezinhlanzi ngomdlandla omkhulu, kodwa ngaphandle kokuphoqa wena. Kwenze ukuze ulethe injabulo nobumnandi. Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu, leli yiholide langempela ekhaya. Eduzane nendawo yokugcina amanzi, ungachitha isikhathi esiningi ubheka ukusebenza kwezinhlanzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi bafakazele ukuthi ukugqugquzela nokuqapha kwezinhlanzi kubenza ngokwejwayelekile umfutho wegazi futhi kupheze uhlelo lwezinzwa. Futhi uma kunezingane ezincane ekhaya, khona-ke lokhu futhi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu semfundo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kusukela ebuntwaneni, ukunakekela izinhlanzi kuzozifundisa ukunakekela nokunaka. Ngempela, bambalwa abantu abangafuna ukuthi ukuhlolwa kokuqala nge-aquarium kube munyu futhi kuphele lapho kufa izinhlanzi. Ngempela, kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi ama-novice aquarists, esehlulekile ukubhekana nezinkinga, aqeda amaphupho abo.
Ungapheli amandla khona manjalo, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana kuzofika isikhathi lapho umlimi wasemanzini onolwazi azokhula wabaqali abangenalwazi abazosiza abaqalayo abanjengaye, athenge ama-aquariums wabaqalayo ngokwakhe emasontweni noma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule. Ngikholwe - akunzima!
VI. Faka izinhlanzi ezintsha kanye nezitshalo
Ukwahlukaniswa yikhambi elingcono kakhulu kuzo zonke izifo!
Ungavumeli inhlanzi osanda kuyithenga e-aquarium ejwayelekile, ukuyibeka ku-aquarium ehlukanisiwe izinsuku eziyi-7 - 10.
Faka amaphesenti ayi-10 amanzi ahlukaniswe yedwa kabili ngosuku bese uhlanza isihlungi kanye ngosuku.
Yondla izinhlanzi ngalesi sikhathi kancane, ungadli ngokweqile.
Bukela lezi zinsuku ngokuziphatha kwezinhlanzi.
Ngokuvimbela, ungaphatha inhlanzi uSara Costapur ngokwemiyalo.
Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa, cubungula i-aquarium ehlukaniswe yodwa nayo yonke imishini ngesixazululo "sobumsulwa" (1:30) bese hashaza kahle ngamanzi.
Izitshalo ezintsha nazo kufanele zahlukaniswa.
Faka kubo isixazululo "sobumsulwa" okwemizuzu engu-3-5 (1 okuyingxenye "yobumsulwa", izingxenye ezingama-30 kuya kwamanzi) bese uzihlanza kahle ku-chlorine emanzini ahlanzekile endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni.
Faka izitshalo ezintsha embizeni ehlukile efasiteleni amasonto angama-3-4.
VII. Ungalokothi udlulise izinhlanzi zisuka komunye amanzi ziye kwesinye ngokushesha.
Ukushintshwa okubukhali kwamapharamitha wamanzi kuholela ekucindezelekeni kwezinhlanzi, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izifo.
Kufanele kancane kancane, kungakapheli amahora ayi-1.5 - 2, thela amanzi esikhwameni sokuhambisa (ebhange) ngamanzi akho e-aquarium, ngaleyo ndlela kancane kancane alinganise amapharamitha amanzi.
Kwanele ukuthambisa amanzi okuhambisa ngomthamo wezikhathi ezingama-2-3 amanzi amakhulu lapho izinhlanzi zizogcinwa khona.
Zama ukugcina amanzi amancane ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka esikhwameni sokuhambisa (can) singene emanzini.
Viii. Musa ukweqisa inhlanzi.
Ungadli ngokweqile, inhlanzi enempilo - inhlanzi elambile.
Yondla ukudla okuhlukahlukene kwezinhlanzi, ukuze kudliwe konke ngemizuzu emihlanu. Akudliwanga ukudla kubola futhi konakalisa amanzi ase-aquarium.
Kanye ngesonto, hlela usuku lokuzila izinhlanzi.
Sebenzisa ukudla okufakwe uphawu kuphela, ungasebenzisi ukudla okushibhile njenge-daphnia eyomile, kungadala izinkinga eziningi ku-aquarium.
Khumbula ukuthi ngokudla okubukhoma ungaletha ukutheleleka ku-aquarium.
IX. Nakekela i-aquarium.
Nsuku zonke, hlola ukucaca nephunga lamanzi, izinga lokushisa, umsebenzi wezinto zasemanzini. Yondla inhlanzi.
Kanye ngesonto, hlanza isihlungi, usule ingilazi engubeni, susa amaqabunga ezitshalo ezichithwe yi-algae, uqoqe udoti kusuka enhlabathini nasebusweni bamanzi, buyisela amanzi ayi-20-30% (ungasebenzisa futhi amanzi empompo angalinganiswanga, into esemqoka ukulinganisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi e-aquarium bese ligibela phezulu) .
Gcina umkhondo wamapharamitha wamanzi we-aquarium (ukuhlolwa kwe-pH acidity, ubulukhuni be-gH njalo, i-NO2 nitrites).
Kanye ngenyanga fafaza inhlabathi ngokucophelela.
X. Njalo ube nemithi efakazelwe kahle yezinhlanzi ezikhona.
ISera costapur ngumenzeli omiswe kahle ngokumelene ne-ichthyophthyroidism (amachashazi amhlophe) nezinye izinhlayiya zesikhumba, ezinjenge-costia, chylodonella ne-trichodin, zamanzi amnandi nezinhlanzi zasemanzini.
I-Sera omnipur iyasebenza ngokulwa nezifo ezijwayelekile zezinhlanzi emanzini angenamanzi asemanzini: ukutheleleka ngegciwane, ukubola, izifo fungal (Saprolegnia, Achlya), isikhumba sombala (iCostia, Chilodonella), trichodiosis, oodiniosis, gill kanye nezikelemu zesikhumba (Dactylogyrus noma Gyrodactylus) .
I-Sera micopur yi-ejenti elwa ne-fungal (Saprolegnia), isikhumba kanye nezibungu ze-gill ku-aquarium enamanzi amnandi, kanye nokuvikela ukutheleleka ngefungal caviar.Ukungezwa kanyekanye kwe-sera ectopur kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa.
I-Sera baktopur iphatha ngokweqile izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njengokubulawa kwebhaktheriya yomlomo nezinsephe kanye nephepha elimhlophe elimpunga elimhlophe esikhunjeni namangqamuzana emifuleni nasemanzini amachibi.
Musa ukusebenzisa umuthi wabantu uma welapha izinhlanzi.